Item 1A. Risk Factors
Item 1A. Risk Factors
This
section
contains
a
description
of
the
material
risk
and
uncertainties
identified
by
management
that
could,
individually or in combination, harm our business, results of
operations, liquidity and financial condition. The risks described
below are not all inclusive. We may face other
risks that are not presently known, or that we presently
deem immaterial.
Summary of Risk Factors
Our business is subject to
a number of risks
that could cause actual results
to differ materially from
those indicated by
forward-looking statements
made in
this Form
10-K or presented
elsewhere from
time to
time. These
risks are
discussed
more fully in this Item 1A and include, without limitation, the
following:
Risks Related to our Business and Operations
•
Our
business
operations
and
lending
activities
are concentrated
in
South
Florida,
and
we
are more
sensitive
to
adverse changes in the local economy than our more geographically
diversified competitors.
•
The small- to medium-sized businesses
to which we lend may have
fewer resources to weather adverse
business
developments, which may impair a borrower's ability to
repay a loan.
•
The continuing
COVID-19 pandemic
has, and may
continue to,
adversely affect
our business,
financial condition,
liquidity, capital and
results of operations.
•
Inflationary pressures and rising prices may affect
our results of operations and financial condition.
•
Financial challenges
at other
banking institutions
could lead
to depositor
concerns that
spread within
the banking
industry causing disruptive deposit outflows and other destabilizing
results.
•
Changes in U.S. trade policies and other global political
factors beyond our control may adversely impact us.
•
Our lending business is subject to credit risk, which could
lead to unexpected losses.
•
The potential for the replacement or discontinuation of London Inter-bank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, as a benchmark
interest rate could present operational problems
and result in market disruption.
•
Natural disasters and severe weather events in Florida
could have a material adverse impact on us.
•
Our business is subject to interest rate risk.
•
A failure or the perceived risk
of a failure to raise the statutory
debt limit of the U.S.
could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations.
•
Our allowance for credit losses may not be sufficient
to absorb potential losses in our loan portfolio.
•
Our commercial loan portfolio may expose us to increased
credit risk.
•
The imposition of limits by the bank regulators
on commercial real estate lending
activities could curtail our growth
and adversely affect our earnings.
•
Our SBA lending program depends on our status as a participant in the SBA's Preferred Lenders Program, and we
face specific risks associated with originating SBA loans
and selling the guaranteed portion thereof.
•
The SBA may not honor its guarantees if we do not originate
loans in compliance with SBA guidelines.
•
Global banking is an important part of our business, which creates
increased BSA/AML risk.
•
We may not recover all amounts that are contractually
owed to us by our borrowers.
•
Non-performing assets take significant time to resolve and
adversely affect us.
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•
We engage in
lending secured by
real estate and
may foreclose on
the collateral and
own the underlying
real estate,
subjecting us to the costs and potential risks associated
with the ownership of real property and other risks.
•
We are subject to certain operational risks,
such as fraud and data processing system failures and errors.
•
We are subject to liquidity risk, which could adversely
affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
•
We have several large depositor relationships, the
loss of which could adversely affect
us.
•
The value of our securities in our investment portfolio
may decline in the future.
•
We may not effectively execute on our expansion
strategy.
•
New lines of business, products, product enhancements
or services may subject us to additional risk.
•
Additional capital we need may not be available on terms
acceptable to us or may dilute our shareholders.
•
Our strategy to grow through mergers or acquisitions may not be
successful or, if successful,
may produce risks in
successfully integrating and managing the merged companies
or acquisitions and may dilute our shareholders.
•
We may lose one or more of our key personnel
or fail to attract and retain other highly qualified personnel.
•
Damage to our reputation could significantly harm our
businesses.
•
We face strong competition and must respond
to rapid technological changes to remain competitive.
•
A
failure, interruption, or breach in the security of our or our contracted vendors’ systems could adversely affect us.
•
We rely on other companies to provide key components
of our business infrastructure.
•
Litigation and regulatory actions could subject us to significant
liabilities or restrictions.
•
Certain of our directors may have conflicts of interest
in presenting business opportunities to us.
Risks Related to Our Tax, Accounting
and Regulatory Compliance
•
We may be unable to recognize the benefits of deferred
tax assets.
•
The accuracy of our financial statements could be affected
by our judgments, assumptions or estimates.
•
As a new public company,
we may not create an effective internal control
environment.
•
We operate in a highly regulated environme
nt.
•
Our participation in the SBA PPP loan program exposes
us to noncompliance risk and litigation risk.
•
We face a risk of noncompliance with the Bank
Secrecy Act and other anti-money laundering laws.
•
We are subject to capital adequacy requirements
that may become more stringent.
•
We are periodically subject to examination and scrutiny
by a number of banking agencies.
•
We are subject to numerous laws and regulations
of certain regulatory agencies designed to protect consumers.
•
Climate change
and related
legislative and
regulatory initiatives
may materially
affect our
business and
results of
operations.
Risks Related to Our Class A Common Stock
•
Ability to pay dividends on our common stock
is subject to restrictions.
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USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
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•
The market price and trading volume of our Class A common
stock may be volatile.
•
There are significant restrictions in our Articles of Incorporation
that restrict the ability to sell our capital stock.
•
We
are
an
emerging
growth
company
and
have
decided
to
take
advantage
of
certain
exemptions
from
various
reporting and other requirements applicable to emerging growth
companies.
•
We have existing investors that
own a significant amount of
our common stock whose individual
interests may differ
from yours.
•
Provisions in our governing documents and Florida
law may have an anti-takeover effect
and there are substantial
regulatory limitations on changes of control of the Company.
Risks Related to our Business and Operations
Our business
operations and
lending activities
are concentrated
in South
Florida, and
we are
more sensitive
to adverse changes in the local economy than our
more geographically diversified competitors.
Unlike many of
our larger competitors
that maintain significant
operations located
outside of our
market area, most
of
our customers are concentrated in South Florida. In addition, we have
a high concentration of loans secured by real estate
located in
South Florida.
Therefore, our
success depends
upon the
general economic
conditions in
South Florida,
which
may differ from the economic conditions in other areas
of the U.S. or the U.S. generally.
Our real estate
collateral provides
an alternate source
of repayment in
the event
of default by
the borrower;
however,
the value of the collateral may decline during the time the credit is outstanding. The concentration of our loans in the South
Florida area subjects us to
risk that a downturn in the
local economy or recession in
this area could result in
a decrease in
loan originations and increases in delinquencies and foreclosures, which would have a greater negative effect on us than if
our lending
were more
geographically diversified.
If we
are required
to liquidate
our real
estate collateral
securing a
loan
during
a
period
of
reduced
real
estate
values
to
satisfy
the
debt,
our
earnings
and
capital
could
be
adversely
affected.
Moreover, since
a large portion
of our loan
portfolio is secured
by properties located
in South Florida,
the occurrence of
a
natural disaster, such
as a hurricane, or a man-made disaster
could result in a decline in loan originations,
a decline in the
value or
destruction
of mortgaged
properties
and an
increase
in the
risk
of delinquencies,
foreclosures
or loss
on loans
originated by
us. We
may suffer
further losses
due to
the decline
in the
value of
the properties
underlying our
mortgage
loans, which would have an adverse impact on our results
of operations and financial condition.
A downturn in the local economy generally may lead to loan losses that are not offset by operations in other markets; it
may also reduce the ability
of our customers to grow
or maintain their deposits with
us. For these reasons, any
regional or
local economic
downturn
that
affects
South Florida,
or existing
or prospective
borrowers
or
depositors
in
South Florida,
could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, there are
continuing concerns related
to, among other things,
the level of
U.S. government debt
and fiscal
actions that may
be taken to
address that debt,
price fluctuations of key
natural resources, inflation, the
potential resurgence
of economic and political tensions with China, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and
continuing high oil prices due to, among
other things, Russian supply disruptions, each of
which may have a destabilizing effect
on financial markets and economic
activity.
Economic
pressure
on
consumers
and
overall
economic
uncertainty
may
result
in
changes
in
consumer
and
business spending,
borrowing
and saving
habits. These
economic
conditions and/or
other negative
developments
in the
domestic
or international
credit markets
or economies
may significantly
affect
the markets
in which
we do
business, the
value of our loans and investments, and our ongoing
operations, costs and profitability.
The
small-
to
medium-sized
businesses
to
which
we
lend
may
have
fewer
resources
to
weather
adverse
business developments, which may impair a borrower's
ability to repay a loan.
We
target our
business
development
and
marketing
strategies
primarily
to
serve
the
banking
and
financial
services
needs of small- to
medium-sized businesses, or SMBs, and
the owners and operators of
those businesses. SMBs generally
have fewer financial resources in terms of capital or borrowing capacity than larger entities, frequently have smaller market
shares than their competition, may be
more vulnerable to economic
downturns, often need substantial additional
capital to
expand
or
compete,
and
may
experience
substantial
volatility
in
operating
results,
any
of
which,
individually
or
in
the
aggregate, may impair
their ability as
a borrower to
repay a loan.
These factors may
impact SMBs significantly
more as a
result of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the success of SMBs often depends on the management skills,
talents and efforts of a small group of
key people, and the death, disability or
resignation of one or more of these individuals
could have
an adverse
impact on
the business
and its
ability to
repay its
loan. If
general economic
conditions negatively
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21
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
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impact the markets in which we operate
or any of our borrowers otherwise are
affected by adverse business developments,
our
SMB
borrowers
may
be
disproportionately
affected
and
their
ability
to
repay
outstanding
loans
may
be
negatively
affected, which could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The
continuing
COVID-19
pandemic
has,
and
may
continue
to,
adversely
affect
our
business,
financial
condition, liquidity, capital and results
of operations.
The extent and duration
to which the
continuing COVID-19 pandemic
will affect our
business in the
future is unknown
and will depend
on future developments,
which are highly
uncertain and outside
our control. These
developments include
the
duration
and
severity
of
the
pandemic
(including
the
possibility
of
further
surges
of
COVID-19
variants
of
concern),
supply chain disruptions, decreased demand for our products and services or those of our borrowers, which could increase
our credit
risk,
rising inflation,
our ability
to maintain
sufficient
qualified personnel
due to
labor shortages,
talent attrition,
employee illness, quarantine,
willingness to return
to work, face-coverings
and other safety
requirements, or travel
and other
restrictions, and the actions taken
by governments, businesses and individuals
to contain the impact of
COVID-19, as well
as
further
actions
taken
by
governmental
authorities
to
limit
the
resulting
economic
impact.
It
is
also
possible
that
the
pandemic
and
its
aftermath
will
lead
to
a
prolonged
economic
slowdown
in
sectors
disproportionately
affected
by
the
pandemic or recession in the U.S. economy or the world
economy in general.
Inflationary pressures and rising prices may affect
our results of operations and financial condition.
Inflation
has
risen
sharply
since
the
end
of
2021
to
levels
not
seen
in
more
than
40
years.
Small
to
medium-sized
businesses may be
impacted more during
periods of high
inflation, as they are
not able to leverage
economics of scale
to
mitigate cost pressures compared
to larger businesses. Consequently,
the ability of our business
customers to repay their
loans may deteriorate, and in some cases this deterioration may occur quickly, which would adversely impact our results of
operations and financial
condition. Furthermore,
a prolonged period
of inflation could
cause wages
and other of
our costs
to increase, which could adversely affect our results
of operations and financial condition.
Financial
challenges
at
other
banking
institutions
could
lead
to
depositor
concerns
that
spread
within
the
banking industry causing disruptive deposit outflows
and other destabilizing results.
In March 2023, certain specialized banking institutions with elevated concentrations of uninsured deposits experienced
large deposit outflows,
resulting in the
institutions being placed
into FDIC receiverships.
In the aftermath,
there has been
substantial
market
disruption
and
indications
that
deposit
concerns
could
spread
within
the
banking
industry,
leading
to
deposit outflows
and other
destabilizing results.
U.S. Century
Bank maintains
a well-diversified
deposit base.
Our top 15
depositors only
hold 12%
of our
total portfolio.
As of
December 31,
2022, 39% of
our deposits
are estimated
to be FDIC-
insured. Our public funds
are 11%
of total deposits and
are partially collateralized.
The estimated average account
size of
our deposit
portfolio is
$95 thousand. In
addition, the Bank
was qualified
as a
“well capitalized” institution
as of
December 31,
2022 and 2021.
Changes in
U.S. trade
policies and
other global
political factors
beyond our
control, including
the imposition
of tariffs, retaliatory tariffs, or other sanctions, may adversely impact our business, financial condition and results
of operations.
There have
been, and
may be
in the
future, changes
with respect
to U.S.
and international
trade policies,
legislation,
treaties and tariffs, embargoes, sanctions and other trade restrictions. Tariffs,
retaliatory tariffs or other trade restrictions on
products
and
materials
that
customers
import
or export,
or a
trade
war or
other
related governmental
actions
related
to
tariffs,
international
trade
agreements
or
policies
or
other
trade
restrictions
have
the
potential
to
negatively
impact
our
customers' costs, demand
for our products,
or the U.S.
economy or
certain sectors thereof
and, thus, could
adversely impact
our business,
financial condition
and results
of operations.
As a
result of
Russia's invasion
of Ukraine,
the U.S.
imposed,
and is likely to continue to impose material additional, financial and economic sanctions and export controls against certain
Russian organizations and/or individuals, with similar actions either implemented or planned by the European Union ("EU")
and
the
United
Kingdom
(“UK”) and
other
jurisdictions.
The
U.S.,
the
UK,
and
the
EU
have
each
imposed
packages
of
financial
and
economic
sanctions
that,
in
various
ways,
constrain
transactions
with
numerous
Russian
entities
and
individuals; transactions
in Russian
sovereign debt;
and investment,
trade, and
financing to,
from, or
in certain regions
of
Ukraine. Moreover, actions by Russia, and any
further measures taken by the
U.S. or its allies,
could have negative impacts
on regional and global
financial markets and economic conditions.
To the extent changes in the global
political environment,
including Russia's
invasion of
Ukraine and
the escalating
tensions between
Russia and
the U.S.,
NATO,
the EU
and the
UK, have a negative impact on
us or on the markets
in which we operate, our business,
results of operations and financial
condition could be materially and adversely impacted.
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Our lending business is subject to credit risk, which
could lead to unexpected losses.
Our
primary
business
involves
making
loans
to
customers.
The
business
of
lending
is
inherently
risky
because
the
principal or
interest on
the loan
may not
be repaid
timely or
at all
or the
value of
any collateral
securing the
loan may
be
insufficient to
cover our
outstanding exposure.
These risks
may be affected
by the
strength or
weakness of
the particular
borrower's business sector
and local, regional and
national market and
economic conditions. Many
of our loans are
made
to SMBs that may be
less able to withstand
competitive, economic and financial
pressures than larger borrowers.
Our risk
management practices,
such as
monitoring the
concentration of
our loans
within specific
industries in
which we
lend and
concentrations with individual borrowers
or related borrowers, and
our credit approval
practices, may not adequately
reduce
credit risk. In addition, there are risks inherent in making any loan, including
risks relating to proper loan underwriting, risks
resulting from
changes in
economic and
industry conditions,
risks
inherent in
dealing with
individual borrowers,
including
the risk that a borrower may not provide
information to us about their business
in a timely manner,
may present inaccurate
or incomplete information to us, may lack a U.S. credit history,
or may leave the U.S. without fulfilling their loan obligations,
leaving us
with little recourse
to them
personally,
and/or risks
relating to the
value of
collateral. In
order to
manage credit
risk successfully,
we must,
among other
things, maintain
disciplined and
prudent underwriting
standards and
ensure that
our lenders follow those standards. The weakening of
these standards for any reason, such as an
attempt to attract higher
yielding loans,
a lack
of discipline
or diligence
by our
employees in
underwriting and
monitoring loans,
the inability
of our
employees to adequately adapt
policies and procedures to
changes in economic or
any other conditions affecting borrowers
and the quality
of our loan portfolio,
may result in loan
defaults, foreclosures and additional
charge-offs and may necessitate
that we significantly increase our allowance for credit losses, each of which could adversely affect our net income. A failure
to effectively
manage
credit risk
associated
with our
loan portfolio
could
lead to
unexpected
losses and
have a
material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
The
potential
for
the
replacement
or
discontinuation
of
London
Inter-bank
Offered
Rate,
or
LIBOR,
as
a
benchmark
interest
rate
and
a
transition
to
an
alternative
reference
interest
rate
could
present
operational
problems and result in market disruption.
In 2017, the
Financial Conduct
Authority announced
that after 2021
it will no
longer compel banks
to submit the
rates
required to
calculate
LIBOR.
In November
2020, the
administrator
of LIBOR
announced
it will
consult
on its
intention to
extend the retirement
date of certain offered
rates whereby the publication
of the one week
and two month LIBOR
offered
rates will cease after December 31, 2021; but, the publication of
the remaining LIBOR offered rates will continue until June
30,
2023.
Given
consumer
protection,
litigation,
and
reputation
risks,
the
bank
regulatory
agencies
have
indicated
that
entering into new
contracts that use
LIBOR as a
reference rate after
December 31, 2021
would create safety
and soundness
risks and that
they will examine
bank practices accordingly.
Therefore, the
agencies encouraged banks
to cease entering
into new contracts that use LIBOR as a reference rate
as soon as practicable and in any event by December
31, 2021.
Regulators, industry groups
and certain communities
(e.g., the Alternative
Reference Rates Committee)
have, among
other
things,
published
recommended
fallback
language
LIBOR-linked
financial
instruments,
identified
recommended
alternatives for certain LIBOR rates (e.g.,
the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the
recommended alternative
to U.S. Dollar LIBOR), and proposed implementations of the recommended alternatives in floating rate instruments.
At this
time, while it appears that
these recommendations and proposals
have been broadly accepted, it
is not possible to predict
whether they
will continue
to evolve,
and what
the effect
of their
implementation
may be
on the
markets
for floating
rate
financial instruments.
The uncertainty
surrounding potential
reforms,
including the
use of
alternative reference
rates and
changes
to
the
methods
and
processes
used
to
calculate
rates,
may
have
an
adverse
effect
on
the
trading
market
for
LIBOR-based
securities,
loan
yields,
and
the
amount
received
and
paid
on
derivative
contracts
and
other
financial
instruments.
In addition,
the implementation of
LIBOR reform proposals
may result in
increased compliance and
operational
costs.
Certain of our financial products are
tied to LIBOR. Inconsistent approaches to
a transition from LIBOR to
an alternative
rate among
different market
participants and
for different
financial products
may cause
market disruption
and operational
problems, which
could adversely
affect
us, including
by exposing
us to
increased interest
rate risk
and associated
costs,
including, but not limited to, creating the possibility of
disagreements with counterparties.
Natural disasters and severe weather events in Florida
could have a material adverse impact on our
business,
financial condition and operations.
Our
operations
and
our
customer
base
are
primarily
located
in
South
Florida.
This
region
is
vulnerable
to
natural
disasters
and
severe
weather
events
or
acts
of
God,
such
as
hurricanes
or
tropical
storms,
which
can
have
a
material
adverse impact
on our
loan portfolio,
our overall
business, financial
condition and
operations, cause
widespread property
damage and have
the potential to
significantly depress
the local economies
in which we
operate. Future adverse
weather
events in
Florida could
potentially result
in extensive
and costly
property damage
to businesses
and residences,
depress
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the value of property serving as collateral for our loans, force the relocation of residents, and
significantly disrupt economic
activity in the region.
We
cannot predict
the extent
of damage
that may
result from
such adverse
weather events,
which will
depend on
a
variety of factors that are beyond our control,
including, but not limited to, the
severity and duration of the event,
the timing
and level
of government
responsiveness, the
pace of
economic recovery
and availability
of insurance
to cover
losses. In
addition,
the
nature,
frequency
and
severity
of
these
adverse
weather
events
and
other
natural
disasters
may
be
exacerbated by climate change. If a significant adverse weather event or other natural disaster were to occur, it could have
a materially adverse impact
on our financial
condition, results of operations
and our business, as
well as potentially
increase
our exposure to credit and liquidity risks.
Our business is subject to
interest rate risk, and variations in
interest rates may materially and adversely
affect
our financial performance.
Changes in the interest
rate environment may reduce
our profits. It is
expected that we
will continue to realize
income
from the differential or "spread" between the interest earned on loans, securities
and other interest-earning assets, and the
interest paid on deposits, borrowings
and other interest-bearing
liabilities. Net interest spreads
are affected, in part,
by the
difference
between
the
maturities
and
repricing
characteristics
of
interest-earning
assets
and
interest-bearing
liabilities.
Changes
in
market
interest
rates
generally
affect
loan
volume,
loan
yields,
funding
sources
and
funding
costs.
Our
net
interest
spread
depends
on
many
factors
that
are
partly
or completely
out
of
our
control,
including
competition,
general
economic
conditions,
and
federal
economic
monetary
and fiscal
policies,
and
in
particular,
the
Federal
Reserve's
policy
determinations with respect to interest rates.
It is currently expected that during 2023,
the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal
Reserve (the “FOMC”) will
increase interest rates
to reduce the
rate of
inflation to the
extent necessary
to reduce
inflation to the
rate that the
FOMC
believes is appropriate. Since March 2022, the FOMC has increased the federal funds rate by
450 basis points. All of these
increases were expressly
made in response
to inflationary pressures,
which are currently
expected to continue.
However,
there can be no assurances as to any future FOMC action.
While an increase
in interest rates
may increase our
loan yield, it
may adversely
affect the ability
of certain borrowers
with variable rate
loans to pay
the contractual
interest and principal
due to us.
Following an increase
in interest rates,
our
ability to maintain a positive net interest spread is
dependent on our ability to increase our loan offering rates, replace loans
that mature and
repay or
that prepay before
maturity with new
originations at higher
rates, minimize increases
on our
deposit
rates, and maintain an acceptable
level and composition of
funding. We cannot provide
assurances that we will
be able to
increase
our
loan
offering
rates
and
continue
to
originate
loans
due
to
the
competitive
landscape
in
which
we
operate.
Additionally,
we cannot
provide assurances
that we
can minimize
the increases
in our
deposit rates
while maintaining
an
acceptable
level
of
deposits.
Finally,
we
cannot
provide
any
assurances
that
we
can
maintain
our
current
levels
of
noninterest-bearing deposits as customers may seek
higher-yielding products when interest rates increase.
Accordingly,
changes
in
levels
of
interest
rates
could
materially
and
adversely
affect
our
net
interest
margin,
asset
quality, loan origination
volume, average loan portfolio balance, liquidity,
and overall profitability.
A
failure
or
the
perceived
risk of
a
failure
to
raise
the
statutory
debt
limit
of
the
U.S.
could
have
a
material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations
.
U.S. debt ceiling and budget deficit
concerns have increased the
possibility of additional credit-rating
downgrades and
economic slowdowns, or a recession in
the United States. Although U.S.
lawmakers passed legislation to
raise the federal
debt ceiling on multiple occasions, including the most recent increase in December 2021, ratings agencies have lowered or
threatened to lower the long-term sovereign
credit rating on the United
States. The impact of this
or any further downgrades
to the U.S. government’s sovereign credit rating or its
perceived creditworthiness could adversely affect the U.S. and global
financial markets and economic conditions. Absent further
quantitative easing by the Federal Reserve,
these developments
could cause interest rates
and borrowing costs to rise,
which may negatively impact
our ability to access
the debt markets
on favorable terms. In
addition, disagreement over
the federal budget has
caused the U.S.
federal government to shut
down
for
periods
of
time.
Continued
adverse
political
and
economic
conditions
could
have
a
material
adverse
effect
on
our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our allowance for credit losses may not be sufficient
to absorb potential losses in our loan portfolio.
We
maintain
an
allowance
for
credit
losses
that
represents
management's
judgment
of
probable
losses
and
risks
inherent in our loan portfolio.
The level of the allowance
reflects management's continuing
evaluation of general economic
conditions,
present
political
and
regulatory
conditions,
diversification
and
seasoning
of
the
loan
portfolio,
historic
loss
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24
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
experience, identified credit
problems, delinquency levels
and adequacy of
collateral. Determining the
appropriate level of
our
allowance
for
credit
losses
involves
a
degree
of
subjective
judgment
and
requires
management
to
make
significant
estimates of and assumptions regarding current credit risks
and future trends, all of which may undergo material changes.
Inaccurate
management
assumptions,
deterioration
of
economic
conditions
affecting
borrowers,
new
negative
information
regarding
existing
loans,
identification
of
additional
problem
loans or
deterioration
of existing
problem
loans,
and
other
factors
(including
third-party
review
and
analysis),
both
within
and
outside
of
our
control,
may
require
us
to
increase our allowance for
credit losses. In addition,
our regulators, as an
integral part of their
periodic examinations, review
our methodology for calculating, and
the adequacy of, our allowance
for credit losses and may
direct us to make additions
to the allowance
based on their
judgments about
information available to
them at the
time of their
examination. Further,
if
actual charge-offs in future
periods exceed the
amounts allocated to
our allowance for
credit losses, we
may need additional
provisions for credit losses to restore
the adequacy of our allowance for credit
losses. Finally, the measure of our allowance
for credit losses depends on the
adoption and interpretation of accounting
standards. The Financial Accounting
Standards
Board, or FASB, issued a new credit
impairment model, the Current Expected Credit Loss, or
CECL model, which became
applicable
to
us
on
January
1,
2023.
CECL
requires
financial
institutions
to
estimate
and
develop
a
provision
for
credit
losses over the lifetime of the loan at origination, as opposed to reserving for incurred or probable
losses up to the balance
sheet date. Under the CECL
model, expected credit deterioration
would be reflected in the income
statement in the period
of
origination
or
acquisition
of
a
loan,
with
changes
in
expected
credit
losses
due
to
further
credit
deterioration
or
improvement reflected
in the
periods in
which the
expectation changes.
Accordingly,
implementation of
the CECL
model
could
require
financial
institutions,
like
us,
to
increase
our
allowances
for
credit
losses
from
levels
in
place
prior
to
the
implementation of CECL.
Moreover, the
CECL model may create
more volatility in our
level of allowance for
credit losses.
If we
are required
to materially
increase our
level of
allowance for
credit losses
for any
reason, such increase
could adversely
affect our business, prospects, cash flow,
liquidity, financial
condition and results of operations.
Our commercial loan portfolio may expose us to increased
credit risk.
Commercial business
and real
estate loans
generally have
a higher
risk
of loss
because loan
balances
are typically
larger
than
residential
real
estate
and
consumer
loans
and
repayment
is
usually
dependent
on
cash
flows
from
the
borrower’s business or the
property securing the loan. Our
commercial business loans are primarily
made to small business
and middle market customers. These loans typically
involve repayment that depends upon income
generated, or expected
to be generated, by the property securing the loan
and/or by the cash flow generated by the business borrower and
may be
adversely affected by changes in the economy or
local market conditions. These loans expose a
lender to the risk of having
to liquidate the collateral securing
these loans at times when there
may be significant fluctuation of
commercial real estate
values or to the
risk of inadequate cash flows to
service the commercial loans. Unexpected deterioration in
the credit quality
of our
commercial business
and/or real
estate loan
portfolio could
require us
to increase
our allowance
for credit
losses,
which would
reduce our
profitability and
could have
an adverse
effect
on our
business, financial
condition, and
results of
operations.
Commercial construction loans generally
have a higher risk
of loss due to the assumptions
used to estimate the
value
of property
at completion
and the
cost of
the project,
including interest.
It can
be difficult
to accurately
evaluate the
total
funds required
to complete
a project,
and construction
lending often
involves the
disbursement
of substantial
funds
with
repayment dependent, in large part, on the success of the ultimate project rather than the ability of a borrower or guarantor
to repay the loan from sources other than the subject project. If the assumptions and estimates are inaccurate, the value of
completed property
may fall
below the
related loan
amount. If
we are forced
to foreclose
on a
project prior
to completion,
we may
be
unable
to
recover
the
entire
unpaid
portion
of
the
loan,
which
would
lead
to
losses.
In
addition,
we may
be
required to fund additional amounts to complete a project,
incur taxes, maintenance and compliance costs for
a foreclosed
property and
may have
to hold
the property
for an
indeterminate
period of
time, any
of which
could adversely
affect
our
business, prospects, cash flow,
liquidity, financial
condition and results of operations.
The imposition
of limits
by the
bank regulators
on commercial
real estate
lending activities
could curtail
our
growth and adversely affect our earnings.
The
FDIC,
the
Federal
Reserve
Board
and
the
Office
of
the
Comptroller
of
the
Currency
have
promulgated
joint
guidance
on
sound
risk
management
practices
for
financial
institutions
with
concentrations
in
commercial
real
estate
lending. Under this guidance, a financial
institution that, like us, is actively
involved in commercial real estate lending should
perform
a
risk
assessment
to
identify
concentrations.
Regulatory
guidance
on
concentrations
in
commercial
real
estate
lending provides that a bank’s commercial real estate lending exposure
could receive increased supervisory scrutiny where
total
commercial
real
estate
loans,
including
loans
secured
by
multi-family
residential
properties,
owner-occupied
and
nonowner-occupied investor
real estate, and
construction and
land loans,
represent 300%
or more of
an institution’s
total
risk-based capital, and the outstanding
balance of the commercial real estate
loan portfolio has increased by 50%
or more
during the
preceding
36 months.
At December
31, 2022,
our total
commercial investor
real estate
loans, including
loans
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25
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
secured by apartment buildings,
commercial real estate,
and construction and land
loans represented 390% of
the Bank’s
total risk-based capital and the growth in the
commercial real estate portfolio exceeded 50% over the preceding 36
months.
The particular
focus of
the guidance
is on
exposure to
commercial real
estate loans
that are
dependent on
the cash
flow
from the
real estate
held as
collateral and
that are
likely to
be at
greater risk
to conditions
in the
commercial
real estate
market (as opposed to real estate collateral held as a secondary source of repayment or as an abundance of caution). The
purpose of the guidance is
to guide institutions in developing
risk management practices and
capital levels commensurate
with the
level and
nature of
real estate
concentrations.
Management has
established an
commercial real
estate lending
framework to
monitor specific exposures
and limits by
types within the
commercial real estate
portfolio and
takes appropriate
actions, as necessary. While we believe we have implemented policies and procedures with respect to our commercial real
estate loan portfolio
consistent with
this guidance,
the FDIC, U.S.
Century Bank’s
primary federal
regulator,
could require
us
to
implement
additional
policies
and
procedures
pursuant
to
their
interpretation
of
the
guidance
that
may
result
in
additional costs to us. In addition, If the FDIC were
to impose restrictions on the amount of commercial real estate loans we
can hold in our portfolio, our earnings would be adversely
affected.
Our
SBA
lending
program
is dependent
upon
the
federal
government
and
our status
as
a participant
in the
SBA's Preferred
Lenders Program,
and we
face specific
risks associated
with originating
SBA loans
and selling
the guaranteed portion thereof.
We
have been
approved
by
the
SBA
to
participate
in
the
SBA's
Preferred
Lenders
Program.
As
an
SBA
Preferred
Lender,
we enable
our clients
to obtain
SBA loans
without being
subject to
the potentially
lengthy SBA
approval process
necessary
for
lenders
that
are
not
SBA
Preferred
Lenders.
The
SBA
periodically
reviews
the
lending
operations
of
participating
lenders
to
assess,
among
other
things,
whether
the
lender
exhibits
prudent
risk
management.
When
weaknesses are identified, the SBA may request corrective actions
or impose enforcement actions, including revocation of
the lender's
Preferred Lender
status. If
we lose
our status
as an
SBA Preferred
Lender,
we may
lose some
or all
of our
customers to
lenders who
are SBA
Preferred Lenders,
which could
adversely affect
our business,
financial condition
and
results of operations.
We generally sell the guaranteed
portion of our SBA 7(a) loans
in the secondary market. These
sales have resulted in
both premium income for us
at the time of sale
and created a stream of
future servicing income. There can be
no assurance
that we will be able to continue originating these loans, that a secondary market for these loans will continue to exist or that
we will continue to realize
premiums upon the sale
of the guaranteed portion of
these loans. When we sell
the guaranteed
portion of our SBA 7(a) loans, we incur credit risk on the non-guaranteed portion of the loans, and if a customer defaults on
the non-guaranteed portion of a loan, we share any loss
and recovery related to the loan pro-rata with the SBA.
The laws, regulations and
standard operating procedures
that are applicable to
SBA loan products may
change in the
future. We
cannot predict
the effects
of these
changes on
our business
and profitability.
Because government
regulation
greatly
affects
the
business
and
financial
results
of
all
commercial
banks
and
bank
holding
companies,
especially
our
organization, changes in the laws, regulations
and procedures applicable to SBA loans
could adversely affect our
ability to
operate profitably.
In addition, the
aggregate amount of
SBA 7(a) and 504
loan guarantees by the
SBA must be approved
each fiscal year by the federal
government. We cannot predict
the amount of SBA 7(a)
loan guarantees in any given
fiscal
year. If the federal government were to reduce the amount of SBA loan guarantees, such reduction could
adversely impact
our SBA lending
program, including making and
selling the guaranteed portion
of fewer SBA
7(a) and 504
loans. In addition,
any default by
the U.S. government
on its obligations
or any prolonged
government shutdown
could, among
other things,
impede our ability to originate
SBA loans or sell such loans
in the secondary market, which
could materially and adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results
of operations.
The SBA may not honor its guarantees if we do not originate
loans in compliance with SBA guidelines
.
SBA lending programs
typically guarantee
75.0% of the
principal on
an underlying
loan. If the
SBA establishes
that a
loss on
an
SBA guaranteed
loan
is attributable
to significant
technical
deficiencies
in the
manner
in
which
the loan
was
originated,
funded
or serviced
by us,
the
SBA may
seek
recovery
of
the
principal
loss
related
to
the
deficiency
from
us
notwithstanding that a portion of the loan
was guaranteed by the SBA, which could adversely
affect our business, financial
condition and results of
operations. While we follow
the SBA's underwriting
guidelines, our ability to
do so depends on the
knowledge and diligence of our employees
and the effectiveness of
controls we have established. If our
employees do not
follow
the
SBA
guidelines
in
originating
loans
and
if
our
loan
review
and
audit
programs
fail
to
identify
and
rectify
such
failures, the
SBA may
reduce or,
in some
cases, refuse
to honor
its guarantee
obligations and
we may
incur losses
as a
result.
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26
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Global banking is an important part of our business, which
creates increased BSA/AML risk.
As our
business
model
includes
correspondent
services
to banks
in Latin
America
and the
Caribbean,
these
cross-
border
correspondent
banking
relationships
pose
unique
risks
because
they
create
situations
in
which
a
U.S.
financial
institution will be
handling funds from
a financial institution
in Latin America
and the Caribbean
whose customers may
not
be transparent to us. Moreover, many foreign financial institutions, including
in Latin America and the Caribbean where our
correspondent banking
services
are located,
are not
subject to
the same
or similar
regulatory
guidelines
as U.S.
banks.
Accordingly,
these
foreign
institutions
may
pose
higher
money
laundering
risk
to
their
respective
U.S.
bank
correspondent(s). Because
of the
large amount
of funds,
multiple transactions,
and our
potential lack
of familiarity
with a
foreign correspondent financial institution's customers, these customers may
be able to more
easily conceal the source and
use of
illicit funds.
Consequently,
we may
have a
higher
risk
of non-compliance
with the
BSA
and
other
AML rules
and
regulations
due
to
our
correspondent
banking
relationships
with
foreign
financial
institutions.
Additionally,
international
private banking
places additional
pressure on
our policies,
procedures and
systems for
complying with
the Bank
Secrecy
Act of 1970, as amended, or BSA, and other anti-money laundering, or AML, statutes and regulations. Our failure to strictly
adhere to the terms and
requirements of our OFAC
license or our failure
to adequately manage our
BSA/AML compliance
risk
in light
of
our correspondent
banking
relationship
with
foreign
financial
institutions
and
international
private
banking
could result
in regulatory or
other actions
being taken
against us,
which could significantly
increase our compliance
costs
and materially and adversely affect our results of
operations.
We may not recover all amounts that are contractually
owed to us by our borrowers.
We are
dependent on
the collection
of loan
principal, interest,
and fees
to partially
fund our
operations. A
shortfall in
collections and proceeds may impair our ability to fund
our operations or to repay our existing debt.
When
we
lend
funds,
commit
to
fund
a
loan
or
enter
into
a
letter
of
credit
or
other
credit-related
contract
with
a
counterparty, we incur credit risk. The
credit quality of our
portfolio can have a
significant impact on our
earnings. We expect
to experience charge-offs and delinquencies on our loans
in the future. Many borrowers have been negatively impacted by
the COVID-19 pandemic and related
economic consequences, and may continue
to be similarly or more severely
affected
in the future. Our
customers' actual operating results may be
worse than our underwriting contemplated when
we originated
the loans, and in these
circumstances, we could incur
substantial impairment or
loss of the value on
these loans. We
may
fail to identify problems because our customer did not report them in
a timely manner or, even if the customer did report the
problem, we may fail to address it quickly enough or at all, or some loans, due
to market circumstances, may not be able to
be fully rehabilitated.
Even if customers
provide us with
full and accurate
disclosure of
all material information
concerning
their businesses, we may misinterpret or incorrectly analyze
this information. Mistakes may cause us to
make loans that we
otherwise would not have made or to fund
advances that we otherwise would not
have funded, either of which could result
in losses
on loans,
or necessitate
that we
significantly
increase our
allowance for
loan and
lease losses.
As a
result, we
could suffer
loan losses
and have
non-performing loans,
which could
have a
material adverse
effect
on our
net earnings
and results of operations and financial condition, to the extent
the losses exceed our allowance for loan and lease losses.
Some of our
loans are
secured by a
lien on specified
collateral of the
borrower and we
may not obtain
or properly perfect
our liens or the value of the collateral securing any particular loan may not be sufficient to protect us from suffering a partial
or complete
loss
if the
loan becomes
non-performing
and
we proceed
to foreclose
on or
repossess
the collateral.
With
respect
to
loans
that
we
originate
for
condominium
or
homeowners'
associations,
or
the
Associations,
these
loans
are
primarily secured by and rely
upon the cash flow received
by the Associations from
payments received from their property
owners, as well
as cash on
hand. These Associations
rely upon payments
received from
their property owners
in order to
perform
on
these
loans
and
for
the
loan collateral.
Accordingly,
our
ability
to
recover
amounts
on
non-performing
loans
made to Associations
is dependent
upon the Association
having sufficient
cash on hand
for repayment
of the loan
and/or
having
the
ability
to
impose
assessments
on
its
property
owners,
some
of
whom
may
not
have
the
ability
to
pay
such
assessments. In such events, we could suffer
loan losses, which could have a material adverse effect
on our net earnings,
allowance for loan and lease losses, financial condition,
and results of operations.
Non-performing
assets
take
significant
time
to
resolve
and
adversely
affect
our
results
of
operations
and
financial condition, and could result in further losses in
the future.
Non-performing assets adversely
affect our net
income in various
ways. We do
not record
interest income on
nonaccrual
loans or other
real estate
owned (“OREO”),
thereby adversely
affecting our
net income
and returns on
assets and
equity,
increasing our loan administration costs and adversely
affecting our efficiency ratio. When
we take collateral in foreclosure
and similar proceedings, we are
required to mark the collateral to
its then-fair market value, which may
result in a loss. Non-
performing loans
and OREO
also increase our
risk profile
and the level
of capital
our regulators
believe is
appropriate for
us to
maintain in
light of
such risks.
The resolution
of non-performing
assets requires
significant time
commitments from
management and can
be detrimental to
the performance
of their other
responsibilities. If
we experience increases
in non-
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27
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
performing
loans
and
non-performing
assets,
our
net
interest
income
may
be
negatively
impacted
and
our
loan
administration costs could increase, each of which could have an adverse effect on our net income and related ratios, such
as return on assets and equity.
We engage in
lending secured by
real estate and
may foreclose on
the collateral and
own the underlying
real
estate, subjecting us to the costs
and potential risks associated with the
ownership of real property,
or consumer
protection initiatives
or changes in
state or federal
law may substantially
raise the cost
of foreclosure
or prevent
us from foreclosing at all.
Since we
originate
loans secured
by real
estate,
we may
have to
foreclose
on the
collateral
property
to recover
our
investment and may thereafter own and operate such property,
in which case we would be exposed to the risks inherent in
the
ownership
of
real
estate.
The
amount
that
we,
as
a
mortgagee,
may
realize
after
a
foreclosure
depends
on
factors
outside of our
control, including,
but not limited
to, general or
local economic
conditions, environmental
cleanup liabilities,
various assessments
relating to the
ownership of
the property,
interest rates, real
estate tax rates,
operating expenses
of
the
mortgaged
properties,
our
ability
to
obtain
and
maintain
adequate
occupancy
of
the
properties,
zoning
laws,
governmental and
regulatory rules,
and natural
disasters. Our
inability to manage
the amount
of costs
or size of
the risks
associated with
the ownership
of real
estate, or
write-downs in
the value
of OREO,
could have
an adverse
effect
on our
business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Additionally,
consumer protection initiatives
or changes in state
or federal law may
substantially increase the
time and
expenses associated
with the
residential foreclosure
process or
prevent us
from foreclosing
at all.
A number
of states
in
recent
years
have
either
considered
or
adopted
foreclosure
reform
laws
that
make
it
substantially
more
difficult
and
expensive for
lenders to
foreclose on
residential properties
in default.
Furthermore, federal
regulators have
prosecuted a
number of
mortgage servicing
companies for
alleged consumer
law violations.
If new
state or
federal laws
or regulations
are ultimately enacted
that significantly raise
the cost of
residential foreclosures
or raise outright barriers,
they could have
an adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
and results of operations.
We are exposed to risk of environmental liability
when we take title to property.
A
significant
portion
of
our
loan
portfolio
is
secured
by
real
estate,
and
we
could
become
subject
to
environmental
liabilities with respect
to one or
more of these
properties, or with
respect to properties that
we own in
operating our business.
During the ordinary course of
business, we may foreclose on and take
title to properties securing defaulted loans.
In doing
so, there is
a risk that
hazardous or toxic
substances could
be found on
these properties. If
hazardous conditions
or toxic
substances are found
on these properties,
we may be
liable for remediation
costs, as well
as for personal
injury and property
damage, civil
fines and
criminal penalties
regardless
of when
the hazardous
conditions or
toxic substances
first affected
any particular property.
The costs associated with investigation or
remediation activities could be substantial.
In addition, if
we are the owner or former owner
of a contaminated site, we may be
subject to common law claims
by third parties based
on damages and
costs resulting
from environmental
contamination emanating
from the
property.
If we become
subject to
significant environmental liabilities, our business, financial condition
and results of operations could be adversely affecte
d.
We
are
subject
to
certain
operational
risks,
including,
but
not
limited
to,
customer,
employee
or
third-party
fraud and data processing system failures and errors.
Employee errors and employee or
customer misconduct could subject us
to financial losses or
regulatory sanctions and
seriously harm our reputation. Misconduct by our employees could include hiding unauthorized
activities from us, improper
or unauthorized activities on behalf of our customers or improper use of confidential information. It is not always possible to
prevent employee
errors and
misconduct, and
the precautions we
take to
prevent and
detect this
activity may
not be
effective
in all cases. Employee errors could also subject us to financial
claims for negligence.
We have
implemented a
system of
internal controls
designed to
mitigate operational
risks, including
data processing
system failures
and errors
and customer
or employee
fraud, as
well as
insurance
coverage
designed to
protect us
from
material
losses
associated
with
these
risks,
including
losses
resulting
from
any
associated
business
interruption.
If
our
internal controls fail
to prevent or
detect an
occurrence, or if
any resulting loss
is not
insured or exceeds
applicable insurance
limits, it could adversely affect our business,
prospects, cash flow, liquidity,
financial condition and results of operations.
When we originate loans, we rely
heavily upon information supplied by third parties,
including the information contained
in credit
applications, property
appraisals, title
information, equipment
pricing and
valuation and
employment and
income
documentation, in deciding which loans we will originate, as well as the terms of those loans. If any of the information upon
which
we
rely
is
misrepresented,
either
fraudulently
or
inadvertently,
and
the
misrepresentation
is
not
detected
prior
to
funding,
the
value of
the
loan may
be significantly
lower
than expected,
or we
may fund
a
loan that
we
would not
have
funded or
on terms
that do not
comply with
our general
underwriting standards.
Whether a
misrepresentation is
made by
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28
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
the applicant, the borrower,
one of our employees or another
third party,
we generally bear the risk of
loss associated with
the misrepresentation. A loan
subject to a material
misrepresentation is typically
unsellable or subject
to repurchase if
it is
sold prior to detection of the
misrepresentation. The sources of
the misrepresentations are often difficult
to locate, and it is
often difficult
to recover
any of
the
resulting monetary
losses
we may
suffer,
which could
adversely
affect
our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to liquidity risk, which could adversely
affect our financial condition and results
of operations.
Effective liquidity management is essential for the operation of our business. Although we
have implemented strategies
to maintain
sufficient
and
diverse
sources of
funding
to accommodate
planned,
as well
as unanticipated,
liquidity
needs
(including changes in assets,
liabilities, and off-balance sheet
commitments under various economic conditions),
an inability
to
raise
funds
through
deposits,
borrowings,
the
sale
of
investment
securities
and
other
sources
could
have
a
material
adverse effect on
our liquidity. Our
access to
funding sources in
amounts adequate to
finance our
activities could
be impaired
by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services
industry in general. Factors that could detrimentally impact
our
access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market disruption, a decrease in
the borrowing capacity assigned to
our pledged assets by
our secured creditors, competition from other
financial institutions
which could drive up the
costs of deposits or adverse
regulatory action against us. Deterioration in
economic conditions and
the loss of
confidence in financial
institutions may increase
our cost of
funding and limit
our access to
some of our
customary
sources of liquidity,
including, but not
limited to, inter-bank
borrowings and borrowings
from the Federal
Home Loan Bank
of Atlanta, or
the FHLB, and
the Federal Reserve
Bank of
Atlanta. Our ability
to acquire
deposits or borrow
could also be
impaired by factors
that are
not specific
to us, such
as a
severe disruption
of the
financial markets
or negative views
and
expectations
about the
prospects
for
the financial
services
industry
generally
as
a result
of
conditions
faced
by banking
organizations
in
the
domestic
and
international
credit
markets.
Any decline
in
available
funding
or cost
of
liquidity could
adversely impact our ability to originate loans, invest in securities, meet our expenses
or fulfill obligations such as repaying
our borrowings or
meeting deposit withdrawal demands,
any of which
could, in turn,
have an adverse
effect on our
business,
financial condition, and results of operations.
We have several
large depositor relationships,
the loss of which
could force us to
fund our business
through
more expensive and less stable sources.
Withdrawals of deposits by any
one of our largest depositors
could force us to
rely more heavily on more
expensive and
less stable funding sources.
Consequently,
the occurrence of any
of these events could
have a material adverse
effect on
our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The value of our securities in our investment portfolio
may decline in the future.
The
fair
market
value
of
our
investment
securities
may
be
adversely
affected
by
general
economic
and
market
conditions, including
changes
in interest
rates,
credit
spreads, and
the
occurrence
of any
events
adversely
affecting
the
issuer of particular securities in our investments portfolio
or any given market segment or industry in
which we are invested.
Any of these factors, among others, could cause OTTI and realized and/or unrealized losses in future periods and declines
in
other
comprehensive
income,
which could
have
an
adverse
effect
on
our
business,
financial
condition
and
results
of
operations.
The
process
for
determining
whether
impairment
of
a
security
is
OTTI
usually
requires
complex,
subjective
judgments about the
future financial performance
and liquidity of
the issuer,
any collateral underlying
the security and
our
intent and ability to hold the security for a sufficient period of time to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value, in order
to assess the probability of receiving
all contractual principal and interest
payments on the security.
Our failure to correctly
and timely assess
any impairments or
losses with respect
to our securities
could have an
adverse effect
on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
We may not
effectively execute
on our expansion
strategy, which
may adversely affect
our ability to
maintain
our historical growth and earnings trends.
Our
primary
expansion
strategy
focuses
on
organic
growth,
supplemented
by
potential
acquisitions
of
financial
institutions and
banking teams;
however,
we may
not be
able to
successfully execute
on these
aspects of
our expansion
strategy,
which
may
cause
our
future
growth
rate
to
decline
below
our
recent
historical
levels,
or
may
prevent
us
from
growing at
all. More
specifically,
we may not
be able
to generate
sufficient new
loans and
deposits within
acceptable risk
and
expense
tolerances
or
obtain
the
personnel
or
funding
necessary
for
additional
growth.
Various
factors,
such
as
economic conditions
and competition
with other financial
institutions, may impede
or restrict the
growth of
our operations.
Further, we may be unable to attract
and retain experienced bankers, which could
adversely affect our growth. The success
of our strategy also depends on our ability to manage our growth effectively,
which in turn depends on a number of factors,
including
our
ability
to
adapt
our
credit,
operational,
technology,
risk
management,
internal
controls
and
governance
infrastructure to accommodate expanded operations.
Even if we are successful in continuing our growth,
such growth may
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29
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
not offer the
same levels of
potential profitability,
and we may not
be successful in
controlling costs and maintaining
asset
quality in the
face of
that growth. Accordingly,
our inability to
maintain growth
or to
effectively manage
growth could
have
an adverse effect on our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
New lines of business, products, product enhancements
or services may subject us to additional risk.
From time to time,
we may implement new
lines of business or
offer new products
and product enhancements
as well
as new
services within
our existing
lines of
business. There
are substantial
risks and
uncertainties associated
with these
efforts. In
developing, implementing
or marketing new
lines of business,
products, product
enhancements or
services, we
may invest significant time and
resources. We may underestimate the appropriate level
of resources or expertise necessary
to
make
new
lines
of
business
or
products
successful
or
to
realize
their
expected
benefits.
We
may
not
achieve
the
milestones
set
in
initial
timetables
for
the
development
and
introduction
of
new
lines
of
business,
products,
product
enhancements or services, and price
and profitability targets may not
prove feasible. External factors, such
as compliance
with regulations, competitive
alternatives and shifting
market preferences, may
also impact the
ultimate implementation of
a new line of business or offerings of new products, product
enhancements or services. Any new line of business,
product,
product enhancement or service could have a significant impact on the effectiveness of our system of internal controls. We
may also
decide to
discontinue
businesses
or products,
due to
lack
of customer
acceptance
or unprofitability.
Failure to
successfully develop and implement new lines of business or offerings of new products, product enhancements or services
could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations and could subject us to new and
unanticipated operational, credit, regulatory and reputational risks,
among other risks.
Our business
needs and
future growth
may require
us to
raise additional
capital and
that capital
may not
be
available on terms acceptable to us or may be dilutive to
existing shareholders.
We believe that
we have sufficient capital
to meet our capital
needs for our current
growth plans. However,
we expect
that we
will need
to raise
additional capital,
in the
form of
debt or
equity securities,
in the
future to
have sufficient
capital
resources
to
meet
our
longer-term
growth
plans,
and/or
if
the
quality
of
our
assets
or
earnings
were
to
deteriorate
significantly.
In addition, we
are required by federal
regulatory authorities to
maintain adequate levels
of capital to support
our operations.
Our ability
to raise
capital will
depend on,
among other
things, conditions
in the
capital markets,
which are
outside of
our control, and our financial performance. Accordingly,
we cannot provide assurance that such capital
will be available on
terms acceptable to us or at all. Any occurrence
that limits our access to capital may adversely
affect our capital costs and
our ability to raise capital. Further, if we need to raise capital in the future, we may have to do so when many other financial
institutions are also
seeking to
raise capital and
would then
have to
compete with those
institutions for investors.
Any inability
to raise capital on acceptable terms when needed may cause us to
either issue additional shares of common stock or other
securities on less than
desirable terms or
reduce our rate of
growth until market conditions
become more favorable. If
any
of such
events occur, they could
have a material
adverse effect on
our business, financial
condition and results
of operations
and could be dilutive to both tangible book value and our
share price.
In
addition,
an
inability
to
raise
capital
when
needed
may
subject
us
to
increased
regulatory
supervision
and
the
imposition of
restrictions
on
our growth
and
business.
These
restrictions
could
negatively
affect
our ability
to operate
or
further
expand
our
operations
through
loan
growth,
acquisitions
or
the
establishment
of
additional
branches.
These
restrictions
may
also
result
in
increases
in
operating
expenses
and
reductions
in
revenues
that
could
have
a
material
adverse effect on our financial condition, results
of operations and our share price.
We may
grow through
mergers or
acquisitions,
a strategy
that may
not be
successful or,
if successful,
may
produce risks in successfully integrating and managing the merged companies or acquisitions and may dilute our
shareholders.
As
part
of
our
growth
strategy,
we
may
pursue
mergers
and
acquisitions
of
banks
and
non-bank
financial
services
companies within or outside our principal market areas that fit within the mission-driven values of our franchise and that we
believe support our business and make financial and strategic
sense. We may have difficulty identifying suitable acquisition
candidates or executing on acquisitions that we pursue, and we may
not realize the anticipated benefits of any transactions
we complete. Additionally,
for any opportunistic
acquisition we
were to consider,
we expect to
face significant
competition
from
numerous
other
financial
services
institutions,
many
of
which
will
have
greater
financial
resources
than
we
do.
Accordingly,
attractive opportunistic
acquisitions
may
not be
available to
us. There
can be
no assurance
that
we will
be
successful in identifying or completing any future acquisitions.
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30
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Mergers and acquisitions involve numerous risks,
any of which could harm our business, including:
•
the possibility that expected benefits
may not materialize in the
time frame expected or at
all, or may be more
costly
to achieve, or that the acquired business will not perform
to our expectations;
•
time,
expense
and
difficulties
in
integrating
the
operations,
management,
products
and
services,
technologies,
existing contracts, accounting processes
and personnel of the target
and realizing the anticipated synergies
of the
combined businesses;
•
incurring the
time and
expense associated with
identifying and
evaluating potential acquisitions
and merger partners
and negotiating potential transactions, resulting in management’s attention being diverted from the operation of our
existing business;
•
difficulties in supporting and transitioning customers
of the target and disruption of our ongoing banking business;
•
the price we
pay or other
resources that
we devote may
exceed the value
we realize, or
the value we
could have
realized if we had allocated the purchase consideration
or other resources to another opportunity;
•
entering new markets or areas in which we have limited
or no experience;
•
the possibility that our culture is disrupted as a result of
an acquisition;
•
potential loss of key personnel and customers from
either our business or the target’s business;
•
assumption of unanticipated problems, claims or other liabilities
of the acquired business;
•
an inability to realize expected synergies or returns on
investment;
•
the possibility of regulatory approval for the acquisition being delayed,
impeded, restrictively conditioned, including
the requirement to divest
various activities, or denied
due to existing or
new regulatory issues surrounding
us, the
target institution or the proposed combined entity and
the possibility that any such issues associated with
the target
institution, of which we
may or may
not be aware
at the time
of the acquisition,
could adversely impact the
combined
entity after completion of the acquisition;
•
the possibility that the acquisition may not be timely completed,
if at all;
•
the need to raise capital; and
•
inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset
acquisition costs.
Our acquisition
activities could
require us
to use
a substantial
amount of
cash, other
liquid assets,
and/or incur
debt.
Also,
if
we finance
acquisitions
by issuing
equity
securities,
our
existing
shareholders’
ownership
may
be
diluted,
which
could negatively
affect the
market price of
our Class A
common stock.
Additionally,
if the goodwill
recorded in
connection
with our
potential future
acquisitions
were determined
to be
impaired,
then
we would
be required
to recognize
a charge
against our
earnings, which
could materially
and adversely
affect
our results
of operations
during the
period in
which the
impairment was
recognized. Acquisitions
may also
involve the
payment of
a premium
over book
and market
values and,
therefore, some
dilution of
our tangible
book value
and net
income per
common share
may occur
in connection
with any
future transaction.
As a result, we
may not achieve the
anticipated benefits of
any such merger or
acquisition, and we may
incur costs in
excess
of
what
we
anticipate.
Our
failure
to
successfully
evaluate
and
execute
mergers,
acquisitions
or
investments
or
otherwise adequately address and
manage the risks associated with
such transactions could have
a material adverse effect
on our business, results of operations and financial condition,
including short-term and long-term liquidity.
The loss of
one or more
of our key
personnel, or our
failure to attract
and retain other
highly qualified personnel
in the future, could harm our business.
Our future success will, to some extent, depend on the continued service of our directors, executive officers and senior
management
team.
The
loss
of
the
services
of
any
of
these
individuals
could
have
a
significant
adverse
effect
on
our
business.
In
particular,
we
believe
that
retaining
Luis
de
la
Aguilera,
our
President
and
Chief
Executive
Officer,
Robert
Anderson, our Chief Financial Officer,
and Benigno Pazos, our Chief Credit Officer,
is important to our continuing success.
Although
we
have
entered
into
employment
and
other
agreements
with
certain
members
of
our
executive
and
senior
management team,
including Mr.
de la
Aguilera and
Mr.
Anderson, no
assurance can
be given
that these
individuals will
continue to be employed by us. The loss of any of these individuals could negatively affect our ability to achieve our growth
strategy and could have a material adverse effect
on our business and results of operations.
We also need to continue
to attract and retain other senior
management and to recruit qualified
individuals to succeed
existing
key
personnel
to
ensure
the continued
growth
and successful
operation
of
our business.
We
may be
unable
to
attract or
retain qualified
management
and other
key
personnel
in the
future
due
to the
intense competition
for
qualified
personnel
among
companies
in
the
financial
services
business
and
related
businesses.
The
loss
of
the
services
of
any
senior management personnel, or the inability to recruit
and retain qualified personnel in the future, could
have an adverse
effect on our business, results of
operations, financial condition and prospects.
Additionally,
to attract and retain personnel
with appropriate skills and
knowledge to support our
business, we may offer
a variety of benefits, including
equity awards,
which may reduce our earnings or adversely affect
our business, results of operations, financial condition or
prospects.
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USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Damage to our reputation could significantly harm
our businesses.
Our ability to attract
and retain customers and
highly-skilled management and employees is impacted
by our reputation.
A negative public
opinion of us
and our business
can result from
any number of
activities, including our
lending practices,
corporate
governance
and
regulatory
compliance,
acquisitions,
customer
complaints
and
actions
taken
by
community
organizations in
response to
these activities.
Furthermore, negative
publicity regarding
us as
an employer
could have
an
adverse
impact
on our
reputation,
especially
with respect
to matters
of diversity,
pay equity
and
workplace
harassment.
Significant
harm
to
our
reputation
could
also
arise
as
a
result
of
regulatory
or
governmental
actions,
litigation
and
the
activities of our customers, other
participants in the financial services
industry or our contractual counterparties, such
as our
service providers
and
vendors.
The potential
harm
is heightened
given
increased attention
to how
corporations
address
environmental, social
and governance
issues. In
addition, a cybersecurity
event affecting
us or our
customers' data
could
have a negative
impact on our
reputation and
customer confidence
in us and
our cybersecurity
practices. Damage
to our
reputation could also
adversely affect
our credit ratings
and access to
the capital markets.
Additionally,
whereas negative
public opinion once was
primarily driven by adverse
news coverage in traditional
media, the widespread use
of social media
platforms
by virtually
every segment
of society
facilitates
the rapid
dissemination
of information
or misinformation,
which
magnifies the potential harm to our reputation.
We
face
strong
competition
from
financial
services
companies
and
other
companies
that
offer
banking
services, which could materially and adversely affect
our business.
The financial
services industry has
become even
more competitive as
a result
of legislative,
regulatory and technological
changes and
continued
banking consolidation,
which may
increase as
a result
of
current economic,
market and
political
conditions. We
face substantial
competition
in all
phases
of our
operations
from
a variety
of competitors,
including local
banks,
regional
banks,
community
banks
and,
more
recently,
financial
technology,
or
"fintech"
companies.
Many
of
our
competitors offer the same banking services
that we offer and our
success depends on our ability to
adapt our products and
services
to
evolving
industry
standards
and
customer
requirements.
Increased
competition
in
our
market
may
result
in
reduced new
loan and
lease production
and/or decreased
deposit balances
or less
favorable terms
on loans
and leases
and/or deposit
accounts. We also
face competition
from many
other types
of financial
institutions, including without
limitation,
non-bank
specialty
lenders,
insurance
companies,
private
investment
funds,
investment
banks,
and
other
financial
intermediaries. Should competition in
the financial services industry
intensify, our ability to market our
products and services
may be adversely affected. If we are unable to attract and retain banking customers, we may
be unable to grow or maintain
the levels
of our
loans and
deposits and
our results
of operations
and financial
condition may
be adversely
affected as
a
result. Ultimately,
we may not be able to compete successfully against current
and future competitors.
We must respond to rapid technological changes
to remain competitive.
We will
have to respond
to future
technological changes,
which are occurring
at a rapid
pace in the
financial services
industry.
We
expect
that
new
technologies
and
business
processes
applicable
to
the
banking
industry
will
continue
to
emerge, and these
new technologies and business
processes may be
better than those we
currently use. Because the
pace
of technological change
is high and our
industry is intensely
competitive, our future
success will depend,
in part, upon our
ability to address
the needs of our
customers by using technology
to provide products and
services that will satisfy
customer
demands for convenience,
as well as to
create additional efficiencies
in our operations. We
may not be able
to implement
new technology-driven
products and services
effectively or
be successful in
marketing these
products and services
to our
customers. Failure to keep pace successfully with technological change affecting the financial services industry could harm
our
ability
to
compete
effectively
and
could
have
an
adverse
effect
on
our
business,
financial
condition
and
results
of
operations. As
these
technologies
improve
in the
future,
we may
be required
to make
significant capital
expenditures
in
order to remain
competitive, which may increase
our overall expenses
and have an
adverse effect on our
business, financial
condition and results of operations.
A
failure,
interruption,
or
breach
in
the
security
of
our
systems,
or
those
of
our
contracted
vendors,
could
disrupt
our
business,
result
in
the
disclosure
of
confidential
information,
damage
our
reputation,
and
create
significant financial and legal exposure.
Although we
devote significant
resources to
maintain and regularly
update our
systems and processes
that are designed
to
protect
the
security
of
our
computer
systems,
software,
networks
and
other
technology
assets,
as
well
as
the
confidentiality,
integrity and availability
of information belonging
to us and
our customers,
there is no
assurance that
all of
our
security
measures
will
provide
absolute
security.
Many
financial
institutions,
including
us,
have
been
subjected
to
attempts
to
infiltrate
the
security
of
their
websites
or
other
systems,
some
involving
sophisticated
and
targeted
attacks
intended
to
obtain
unauthorized
access
to
confidential
information,
destroy
data,
disrupt
or
degrade
service,
sabotage
systems or cause
other damage, including
through the introduction of
computer viruses or
malware, cyber-attacks and other
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32
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
means. We
have been
targeted by
individuals and
groups using
phishing campaigns,
pretext calling,
malicious code
and
viruses and expect to
be subject to such
attacks in the future.
While we have
not experienced a material
cyber-incident or
security breach that has
been successful in compromising
our data or systems
to date, we can
never be certain that
all of
our systems are entirely free from vulnerability to breaches
of security or other technological difficulties or
failures.
Despite efforts to
ensure the integrity
and security of
our systems, it
is possible that
we may not be
able to anticipate,
detect or recognize
threats to our
systems or
to implement effective
preventive measures
against all efforts
to breach our
security inside or outside our business, especially because the techniques used to attack our
systems change frequently or
are
not
recognized
until
launched,
and
because
cyber-attacks
can
originate
from
a
wide
variety
of
sources,
including
individuals or groups who are associated
with external service providers or who are or
may be involved in organized crime
or linked
to terrorist
organizations or
hostile foreign
governments. Those
parties may
also attempt
to fraudulently
induce
employees, customers, third-party service providers or other users of our systems to disclose sensitive information in order
to gain access
to our data or
that of our customers
or clients. Similar to
other companies, our
risks and exposures
related
to cybersecurity
attacks have
increased as
a result
of the COVID
-19 pandemic,
the related
increased reliance
on remote
working and increase in digital operations. Such
risks and exposures are expected to remain high
for the foreseeable future
due to
the rapidly
evolving nature
and sophistication
of these
threats and
the expanding
use of
technology,
as our
web-
based product offerings grow and we expand internal
usage of web-based applications.
A successful
penetration or
circumvention
of
the security
of
our systems,
including those
of
our third-party
vendors,
could
cause
serious
negative
consequences,
including
significant
disruption
of
our
operations,
misappropriation
of
confidential information,
or damage
to computers
or systems,
and may result
in violations
of applicable
privacy and
other
laws, financial loss,
loss of confidence
in our security measures,
customer dissatisfaction, increased
insurance premiums,
significant litigation exposure and harm to our reputation, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects.
We
rely
on
other
companies
to
provide
key
components
of
our
business
infrastructure
and
our
operations
could
be
interrupted
if
our
third-party
service
providers
experience
difficulty,
terminate
their
services
or
fail
to
comply with banking regulations.
Third parties
provide key
components of
our business
operations such
as data
processing, recording
and monitoring
transactions,
online
banking
interfaces
and services,
Internet
connections
and
network
access. While
we have
selected
these third-party
vendors carefully,
performing upfront
due diligence
and ongoing
monitoring activities,
we do
not control
their actions. Any problems caused by these third parties, including those resulting from disruptions in services provided by
a
vendor
(including
as
a
result
of
a
cyber-attack,
other
information
security
event
or
a
natural
disaster),
financial
or
operational difficulties
for the vendor,
issues at third-party
vendors to our
vendors, failure of
a vendor to
handle current or
higher volumes, failure of a vendor to provide services for any reason,
poor performance of services, failure to comply with
applicable laws
and regulations,
or fraud
or misconduct
on the
part of
employees of
any of
our vendors,
could adversely
affect our
ability to deliver
products and services
to our customers,
our reputation and
our ability to
conduct our business,
which could
adversely affect
our business,
prospects, cash
flow,
liquidity,
financial condition
and results
of operations.
In
certain
situations,
replacing
these
third-party
vendors
could
also
create
significant
delay,
expense,
and
operational
difficulties, which
could also
adversely affect
our business.
Accordingly,
use of
such third
parties creates
an unavoidable
and
inherent
risk
to
our
business
operations.
Such
risk
is
generally
expected
to
remain
elevated
until
the
COVID-19
pandemic
subsides
and
may
remain
elevated
thereafter,
as
many
of
our
vendors
have
also
been,
and
may
further
be,
affected by increased
reliance on remote
work environments, market
volatility and other factors
that increase their risks
of
business disruption or
that may otherwise
affect their ability
to perform under
the terms of
any agreements with
us or provide
essential services.
Our operations could be interrupted or
materially impacted if any of our
third-party service providers fail to comply
with
banking regulations
and other
applicable laws.
The Federal
Reserve, FDIC,
the Florida
Office of
Financial Regulation,
or
the FOFR, and other regulators expect financial institutions to be responsible for all aspects of their performance, including
aspects that they delegate
to third parties. Accordingly,
we will be responsible
for deficiencies in
our oversight and control
of our third party relationships
and in the performance
of the parties with
which we have these
relationships. As a result,
if
our regulators
conclude that
we have
not exercised
adequate oversight
and control
over our
third party
vendors or
other
ongoing third party business
relationships or that such
third parties have not performed
appropriately,
we could be subject
to remedial and/or enforcement
actions, including civil money penalties
or other administrative or judicial
penalties or fines
as well as requirements for customer remediation, any
of which could have a material
adverse effect our business, financial
condition or results of operations.
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33
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Litigation and regulatory actions,
including possible enforcement actions, could subject
us to significant fines,
penalties,
judgments
or
other
requirements
resulting
in
increased
expenses
or
restrictions
on
our
business
activities.
In the normal course of business,
from time to time, we
have in the past and
may in the future be
named as a defendant
in various
legal actions
arising in
connection
with our
current and/or
prior business
activities. Legal
actions could
include
claims for substantial compensatory
or punitive damages
or claims for
indeterminate amounts of
damages. Further,
in the
future
our
regulators
may
impose
consent
orders,
civil
money
penalties,
matters
requiring
attention,
or
similar
types
of
supervisory penalties
or criticism.
We may
also, from
time to time,
be the subject
of subpoenas,
requests for
information,
reviews, investigations and proceedings (both formal and informal) by governmental agencies
regarding our current and/or
prior
business
activities.
Any
such
legal
or
regulatory
actions
may
subject
us
to
substantial
compensatory
or
punitive
damages,
significant
fines,
penalties,
obligations
to
change
our
business
practices
or
other
requirements
resulting
in
increased
expenses,
diminished
income
and
damage
to
our
reputation.
Our
involvement
in
any
such
matters,
whether
tangential or otherwise and
even if the matters are
ultimately determined in our
favor, could
also cause significant harm
to
our reputation and divert management attention away from
the operation of our business. Further, any
settlement, consent
order or adverse
judgment in
connection with
any formal
or informal
proceeding or
investigation by
government agencies
may result in
litigation, investigations or proceedings
as other litigants
and government agencies begin
independent reviews
of the same
activities. As a
result, the outcome of
legal and regulatory
actions could have
an adverse effect on
our business,
results of operations and results of operations.
Certain of
our directors may
have conflicts
of interest in
determining whether to
present business
opportunities
to us or another entity with which they are, or may
become, affiliated.
Certain of our directors
are or may
become subject to fiduciary
obligations in connection with
their service on the
boards
of
directors
of
other
corporations,
including
financial
institutions.
A
director's
association
with
other
financial
institutions,
which give rise to
fiduciary or contractual obligations to such other
institutions, may create conflicts of interest. To the extent
that any of our directors
become aware of acquisition
opportunities that may be
suitable for entities other
than us to which
they have fiduciary or contractual obligations, or they are
presented with such opportunities in their capacities as fiduciaries
to such
entities, they
may honor
such obligations
to such
other entities.
You
should assume
that to
the extent
any of
our
directors become
aware of an
opportunity that may
be suitable both
for us and
another entity to
which such person
has a
fiduciary obligation
or contractual
obligation
to present
such
opportunity as
set forth
above,
he or
she may
first give
the
opportunity to such other entity
or entities and may give
such opportunity to us only
to the extent such other
entity or entities
reject
or
are
unable
to
pursue
such
opportunity.
In
addition,
you
should
assume
that
to
the
extent
any
of
our
directors
become
aware
of
an
acquisition
opportunity
that
does
not
fall
within
the
above
parameters,
but
that
may
otherwise
be
suitable for us, he or she may not present such opportunity to
us.
Pursuant to an agreement between us and each of our Significant Investors
(as defined below), each of the Significant
Investors has the right
to nominate one
director to serve
on our Board, including
Board committees, and
to designate one
non-voting Board
observer.
The directors
and Board
observers designated
by the
Significant Investors
have the
right to,
and have
no duty
not to,
engage in
the same
or similar
business activities
or lines
of business
as us.
In the
event that
a
director or Board observer designated by a Significant Investor acquires knowledge of a potential transaction or matter that
may be
a corporate opportunity
for us,
such person
shall have
no duty
to communicate or
present such corporate
opportunity
to us
and shall
not be
liable to
us or
our shareholders
for breach
of any
duty by
reason of
the fact
that such
person or
a
related investment fund
thereof, directly or
indirectly, pursues or acquires such opportunity
for itself, directs such
opportunity
to another person, or does not present such opportunity to
us.
Risks Related to Our Tax,
Accounting and Regulatory Compliance
Our
ability
to
recognize
the
benefits
of
deferred
tax
assets
is
dependent
on
future
cash
flows
and
taxable
income and may be materially impaired upon significant
changes in ownership of our common stock.
We recognize the expected future tax benefit
from deferred tax assets when it
is more likely than not
that the tax benefit
will be realized. Otherwise, a valuation allowance is applied against deferred tax assets, reducing the value of such assets.
Assessing
the
recoverability
of
deferred
tax
assets
requires
management
to
make
significant
estimates
related
to
expectations
of
future
taxable
income
from
all
sources,
including
reversal
of
taxable
temporary
differences,
forecasted
operating
earnings
and
available
tax
planning
strategies.
Estimates
of
future
taxable
income
are
based
on
forecasted
income from operations and the application of existing tax laws in each jurisdiction. The improved risk profile of the Bank is
a key component
used in the
determination of
our ability
to realize the
expected future
benefit of
our deferred
tax assets.
To
the extent that future taxable income differs
significantly from estimates as a result of
the interest rate environment and
loan growth capabilities or other factors, our ability to realize
the net deferred tax assets could be negatively
affected.
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34
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Subject to certain exceptions, our Class A common stock is subject
to transfer restrictions as set forth in our Articles of
Incorporation that are
designed to preserve
our deferred tax
assets. Notwithstanding these
protective provisions, the
Articles
of Incorporation include
an exception that
allows our Significant
Investors the right
to effect any
transfer that would
otherwise
be prohibited, which transfer could result in the loss of the deferred
tax assets.
Additionally,
significant future
issuances of
common
stock or
common stock
equivalents, or
changes in
the
direct or
indirect ownership
of our
common stock
or common
stock equivalents,
could cause
an ownership
change and
could limit
our ability to
utilize our net
operating loss carryforwards
and other tax
attributes pursuant
to Section 382
and Section 383
of the Internal Revenue Code.
Future changes in tax law
or changes in ownership structure
could limit our ability to utilize
our recorded net deferred tax assets.
The
accuracy
of
our
financial
statements
and
related
disclosures
could
be
affected
if
the
judgments,
assumptions or estimates used in our critical accounting
policies are inaccurate.
The
preparation
of
our
financial
statements
and
related
disclosures
in
conformity
with
GAAP
requires
us
to
make
judgments,
assumptions
and
estimates
that
affect
the
amounts
reported
in
our
consolidated
financial
statements
and
accompanying notes. In some cases, management
must select the accounting policy or method
to apply from two or more
alternatives,
any of
which
may be
reasonable
under
the circumstances,
yet which
may result
in
our
reporting
materially
different
results
than
would
have
been
reported
under
a
different
alternative.
Certain
accounting
policies
are
critical
or
significant to presenting our financial
condition and results of operations.
Our critical accounting policies, which
are included
in the section captioned
"Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of
Operations" in this
Annual Report
on Form
10-K, describe
those significant
accounting
policies and
methods used
in the
preparation of
our
consolidated financial statements that we
consider critical because they
require judgments, assumptions and estimates that
materially affect
our consolidated
financial
statements
and related
disclosures.
As a
result,
if future
events
or regulatory
views concerning such
analyses differ significantly from
the judgments, assumptions and
estimates in our
critical accounting
policies, those
events or
assumptions could
have a
material impact
on our
consolidated financial
statements and
related
disclosures, in each
case resulting in
our need to
revise or restate
prior period financial
statements, cause
damage to our
reputation and
the price
of our
Class A
common
stock and
adversely affect
our business,
prospects, cash
flow,
liquidity,
financial condition and results of operations.
As a new public
company, we may not efficiently or effectively create an
effective internal control environment,
and any
future failure
to maintain
effective internal
control over
financial reporting
could impair
the reliability
of
our financial
statements, which
in turn could
harm our business,
impair investor
confidence in the
accuracy and
completeness of
our financial
reports and
our access
to the
capital markets,
cause the
price of
our Class
A common
stock to decline and subject us to regulatory penalt
ies.
Our management is responsible for establishing
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial
reporting and
for
evaluating
and
reporting
on
that
system
of
internal
control.
Our
internal
control
over
financial
reporting
consists
of
a
process
designed
to
provide
reasonable
assurance
regarding
the
reliability
of
financial
reporting
and
the
preparation
of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.
As a public company,
we are required to comply with
SEC regulations, including
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
and other rules
that govern public
companies that we
previously were
not required to comply with
as a private company.
In particular,
we are required to certify
our compliance with Section
404
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
beginning with this Annual
Report on Form 10-K,
which requires us to annually
furnish a report
by management on
the effectiveness
of our internal
control over financial
reporting. When
evaluating our internal
controls
over financial
reporting, we
may identify
material
weaknesses
that we
may not
be able
to remediate
in time
to meet
the
applicable deadline imposed upon
us for compliance with
the requirements of Section
404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act. We
are
in
the
process
of
reviewing
our
formal
policies,
processes
and
practices
related
to
financial
reporting
and
to
the
identification of key financial reporting
risks, assessment of their potential impact
and linkage of those
risks to specific areas
and controls within our organization.
If we fail to achieve and maintain the adequacy of
our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented,
or amended from time
to time, we may not
be able to ensure
that we will be able
to conclude on an ongoing
basis that we
have
effective
internal
controls
over
financial
reporting
in
accordance
with
Section
404
of
the
Sarbanes-Oxley
Act.
We
cannot be certain as to the timing of completion of our evaluation, testing,
and any remediation actions or the impact of the
same on
our operations.
If we fail
to adequately
comply with
the requirements
of Section 404
of the Sarbanes
-Oxley Act,
we may be subject to adverse regulatory consequences and
there could be a negative reaction in the
financial markets due
to a loss of investor confidence in us and the
reliability of our financial statements.
In addition, we may be required to incur
costs in improving
our internal control
system and
hiring additional
personnel. Any such
action could negatively
affect our
business, financial condition, results of operations, and the price
of our Class A common stock may decline.
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35
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
While we remain an
emerging growth company or a
non-accelerated smaller reporting company, we will not be
required
to
include
an
attestation
report
on
internal
control
over
financial
reporting
issued
by
our
independent
registered
public
accounting firm.
To
prepare for
eventual compliance
with the auditor
attestation requirement
of Section
404 of
Sarbanes-
Oxley once we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, we are currently engaged in a process to document
and
evaluate our
internal control
over financial
reporting, which
is both
costly and
challenging. In
this regard,
we will
need to
dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants
and adopt a detailed work
plan to assess and
document
the adequacy
of internal
control over
financial reporting, continue
steps to
improve control
processes as
appropriate, validate
through testing that controls are functioning
as documented and continue to refine
our reporting and improvement process
for internal control over financial reporting. Despite our efforts, there is a risk that we will not be able to conclude, within the
prescribed time
frame or
at all,
that our
internal control
over financial
reporting is
effective as
required by
Section 404
of
Sarbanes-Oxley.
If
we
identify
one
or
more
material
weaknesses,
it
could
result
in
an
adverse
reaction
in
the
financial
markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of
our financial statements.
We
operate
in
a
highly
regulated
environment,
and
the
laws
and
regulations
that
govern
our
operations,
corporate governance,
executive compensation
and accounting
principles, or
changes in
them, or
our failure
to
comply with them, could adversely affect us.
We operate in a
highly regulated industry and
we are subject
to examination, supervision and
comprehensive regulation
by various federal and state agencies,
including the Federal Reserve, the
FDIC and the FOFR. As
such, we are subject to
extensive regulation, supervision and
legal requirements that govern almost
all aspects of our operations.
These laws and
regulations
are
not
intended
to
protect
our
shareholders.
Rather,
these
laws
and
regulations
are
intended
to
protect
customers, depositors, the Deposit Insurance
Fund, or DIF, and the overall financial health and
stability of the United States
banking
system.
These
laws
and
regulations,
among
other
matters,
prescribe
minimum
capital
requirements,
impose
limitations on the
business activities
and investments
in which we
can engage, regulate
and restrict our
lending activities,
require us to provide certain banking services broadly within the communities in which
we operate, determine the locations
of our branch
offices and impose certain
specific accounting requirements on us
that may be more
restrictive and may
result
in
greater
or
earlier
charges
to
earnings
or
reductions
in
our
capital
than
GAAP
would
require.
We
are
also
subject
to
capitalization
guidelines
established
by
our
regulators,
which
require
us
to
maintain
adequate
capital
to
support
our
business.
Compliance
with
laws
and
regulations
can
be
difficult
and
costly,
and
changes
to
laws
and
regulations
often
impose additional operating costs. Further, we must obtain approval from our regulators
before engaging in many activities,
and
our
regulators
have
the
ability
to
compel
us
to,
or
restrict
us
from,
taking
certain
actions
entirely.
There
can
be
no
assurance that any regulatory approvals we may require
or otherwise seek will be obtained.
Regulations affecting
banks and
other financial
institutions are
undergoing continuous
review and
frequently change,
and the ultimate effect of such changes cannot be predicted. Changes to the legal and regulatory framework governing our
operations, including
the Dodd-Frank
Wall
Street Reform
and Consumer
Protection Act,
or the
Dodd-Frank
Act, and
the
Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer
Protection Act, or the Regulatory Relief Act,
have significantly revised
the laws and regulations under which we operate. Such regulations and laws may be modified or repealed at any time, and
new legislation may be enacted that will affect
us and our subsidiaries.
Our failure to comply with these laws and regulations, even if the failure follows good faith effort
or reflects a difference
in
interpretation,
could
subject
us
to
restrictions
on
our
business
activities,
enforcement
actions
and
fines
and
other
penalties,
any
of
which
could
adversely
affect
our
results
of
operations,
regulatory
capital
levels
and
the
price
of
our
securities. Further, any new laws, rules and
regulations, such as were imposed
under the Dodd-Frank Act or
the Regulatory
Relief Act, could make
compliance more difficult
or expensive or otherwise
adversely affect
our business, prospects, cash
flow, liquidity,
financial condition and results of operations.
Our participation in the SBA PPP loan program exposes us to risks related to noncompliance
with the PPP,
as
well as litigation
risk related to
our administration of
the PPP loan
program, which
could have a
material adverse
impact on our business, financial condition, and results
of operations.
We are a
participating lender in
the PPP, a loan program administered
through the SBA,
that was created
to help eligible
businesses, organizations
and self-employed persons
fund their operational
costs during the
COVID-19 pandemic.
Under
this program, the SBA guarantees 100% of the amounts
loaned under the PPP.
The PPP opened on April 3, 2020; however,
because of the short window between
the passing of the CARES Act and
the opening
of the
PPP,
there was
some
ambiguity in
the laws,
rules and
guidance
regarding the
operation
of the
PPP.
Subsequent rounds of
legislation and associated
agency guidance have
not provided needed
clarity and in
certain instances
have
potentially
created
additional
inconsistencies
and
ambiguities.
Accordingly,
we
are
exposed
to
risks
relating
to
noncompliance with the PPP.
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36
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Additionally, since the launch of the PPP, several larger banks have been
subject to litigation regarding
the process and
procedures
that
such
banks
used
in
processing
applications
for
the
PPP,
as
well
as
litigation
regarding
the
alleged
nonpayment of
fees that
may be
due to
certain agents
who facilitated
PPP loan
applications. We
may be
exposed to
the
risk of PPP-related litigation, from
both customers
and non-customers that approached us
regarding PPP loans, regarding
our process and procedures used in processing
applications for the PPP.
If any such litigation is filed against
us and is not
resolved
in
a
manner
favorable
to
us,
it
may
result
in
significant
financial
liability
or
adversely
affect
our
reputation.
Regardless of outcome, litigation can be costly and distracting. Any financial liability, litigation costs or reputational damage
caused by
PPP-related litigation
could have
a material
adverse impact
on our
business, financial
condition and
results of
operations.
PPP loans are fixed,
low interest rate loans
that are guaranteed by
the SBA and subject
to numerous other regulatory
requirements, and a borrower may apply to have all
or a portion of the loan forgiven. If PPP
borrowers fail to qualify for loan
forgiveness, we face
a heightened risk
of holding these loans
at unfavorable interest
rates for an extended
period of time.
While the PPP loans are guaranteed
by the SBA, various regulatory
requirements will apply to
our ability to seek
recourse
under the guarantees, and related procedures are currently subject
to uncertainty.
In
addition,
we
may
be
exposed
to
credit
risk
on
PPP
loans
if
a
determination
is
made
by
the
SBA
that
there
is
a
deficiency
in
the
manner
in
which
the
loan
was
originated,
funded,
or
serviced,
such
as
an
issue
with
the
eligibility
of
borrower to receive a PPP
loan, which may or may
not be related to the
ambiguity in the laws, rules
and guidance regarding
the operations of the PPP. If
a deficiency is identified, the SBA may deny its liability under the guaranty, reduce the amount
of the guaranty,
or, if it has already paid
under the guaranty,
seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from
us.
We
face
a
risk
of
noncompliance
with
the
Bank
Secrecy
Act
and
other
anti-money
laundering
statutes
and
regulations and corresponding enforcement proceedings.
The
federal
Bank
Secrecy
Act,
the
Uniting
and
Strengthening
America
by
Providing
Appropriate
Tools
Required
to
Intercept and
Obstruct Terrorism
Act of
2001, or
the USA
PATRIOT
Act, and
other laws
and regulations
require financial
institutions, among
other duties,
to institute
and maintain
effective anti-money
laundering programs
and to file
suspicious
activity and
currency transaction
reports, as
appropriate. The
federal Financial
Crimes Enforcement
Network, or
FinCEN,
established by the
U.S. Treasury
Department to
administer the
Bank Secrecy
Act, is authorized
to impose
significant civil
money penalties for
violations of those
requirements and has engaged
in coordinated enforcement efforts with
the individual
federal
banking
regulators,
as
well
as
the
U.S.
Department
of
Justice,
Drug
Enforcement
Administration
and
Internal
Revenue Service.
Additionally,
South Florida
has been
designated as
a “High
Intensity Financial
Crime Area,”
or HIFCA,
by FinCEN and a
“High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area,” or HIDTA, by the Office of
National Drug Control Policy. The HIFCA
program is intended to concentrate law enforcement efforts
to combat money laundering efforts in higher-risk
areas. There
is also increased scrutiny of
compliance with the rules enforced by the
Office of Foreign Assets Control,
or OFAC. Federal
and state bank
regulators have for
many years focused
on compliance with
Bank Secrecy
Act and anti-money
laundering
regulations. In
order to
comply
with regulations,
guidelines and
examination
procedures
in this
area,
we have
dedicated
significant resources
to our
anti-money laundering
program,
especially due
to the
regulatory focus
on financial
and other
institutions located in South
Florida. Our business includes
supporting our customers, including foreign
financial institutions,
with respect to their international banking needs and our policies, procedures and systems have been designed to address
federal and
state anti-money
laundering compliance.
If our
policies, procedures
and systems
are deemed
deficient or the
policies,
procedures
and
systems
of
the
financial
institutions
that
we may
acquire
are
deficient,
we
would
be
subject
to
liability,
including
fines,
and
regulatory
actions
that
are
deemed
necessary
in
order
to
remediate
such
deficiencies
and
prevent the recurrence
thereof. In recent
years, sanctions that
the regulators have
imposed on banks
that have not
complied
with
all
anti-money
laundering
requirements
have
been
especially
severe.
Failure
to
maintain
and
implement
adequate
programs to
combat money
laundering and
terrorist financing
could also
have serious
reputational consequences
for us,
which could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We
are
subject
to
capital
adequacy
requirements
and
may
become
subject
to
more
stringent
capital
requirements, which could adversely affect our
financial condition and operations.
In July 2013, the federal banking agencies published new regulatory capital rules based on
the international standards,
known as
Basel III,
that were
developed by
the Basel
Committee on
Banking Supervision.
The new
rules raised
the risk-
based capital
requirements
and revised
the methods
for calculating
risk-weighted
assets, usually
resulting
in higher
risk
weights. The new rules now apply to us.
The Basel III rules increased
capital requirements and included
two new capital measurements,
a risk-based common
equity Tier 1 ratio
and a capital conservation buffer.
Common Equity Tier
1 (CET1) capital is a subset
of Tier 1 capital
and
is limited to common
equity (plus related surplus), retained
earnings, accumulated other comprehensive income and
certain
other
items.
Other
instruments
that
have
historically
qualified
for
Tier
1
treatment,
including
noncumulative
perpetual
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37
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
preferred stock,
are consigned
to a
category known
as Additional
Tier
1 capital
and must
be phased
out of
CETI over
a
period of
nine years
beginning in
2014. In
order to
be a
“well-capitalized” depository
institution under
the new
regime, an
institution must maintain a
CET1 capital ratio of 7.0%
or more; a Tier
1 capital ratio of 8.5% or
more; a total capital ratio
of
10.5% or more; and a leverage ratio of 4% or more.
Institutions must also maintain a capital conservation
buffer consisting
of common equity Tier
1 capital. In
addition to the
higher required capital
ratios and the
new deductions and
adjustments,
the final
rules increased
the risk
weights for
certain assets,
meaning that
we will
have to
hold more
capital against
these
assets. We will also be required to hold capital
against short-term commitments that are not unconditionally
cancellable.
While we currently meet these new
requirements of the Basel III-based capital requirements, we may
fail to do so in
the
future. The failure
to meet applicable
regulatory capital
requirements could result
in one or
more of
our regulators placing
limitations or conditions on our activities, including our growth initiatives, or restricting the commencement of new activities,
and could affect customer and investor confidence, our costs of funds and level of required deposit insurance
assessments
to the FDIC,
our ability to
pay dividends on
our capital
stock, our ability
to make acquisitions,
and our business,
results of
operations and financial condition, generally.
In addition,
in the
current economic
and regulatory
environment, including
the COVID-19
pandemic, bank
regulators
may
impose
capital
requirements
that
are
more
stringent
than
those
required
by
applicable
existing
regulations.
The
application of more stringent capital requirements for us
could, among other things, result in
lower returns on equity, require
the raising of additional
capital, and result
in regulatory actions if
we were to be unable
to comply with such
requirements.
Implementation
of
changes
to
asset
risk
weightings
for
risk-based
capital
calculations,
items
included
or
deducted
in
calculating regulatory capital or additional capital conservation buffers, could result in management modifying our business
strategy and could limit our ability to make distributions,
including paying dividends.
We are periodically subject
to examination and
scrutiny by a
number of banking agencies
and, depending upon
the findings and determinations
of these agencies, we may
be required to make adjustments
to our business that
could adversely affect us.
As part of
the bank regulatory
process, the Federal Reserve,
the FDIC and
the FOFR periodically conduct
examinations
of our business,
including compliance
with applicable laws
and regulations. If,
as a result
of an examination,
one of these
banking
agencies
were
to
determine
that
the
financial
condition,
capital
resources,
asset
quality,
asset
concentration,
earnings prospects, management, liquidity sensitivity
to market risk, risk
management and internal controls
or other aspects
of any of our operations has become unsatisfactory, or that we or our management are in violation of any law or regulation,
the banking
agency could
take a
number of
different remedial
or punitive
actions as
it deems
appropriate. These
actions
include the power to prohibit the continuation of
"unsafe or unsound" practices, to require affirmative
actions to correct any
conditions
resulting
from
any violation
or practice,
to
issue an
administrative
order
or enforcement
that can
be judicially
enforced, to direct an increase
in our capital, to restrict our
growth, to change the asset composition
of our loan or securities
portfolios
or
balance
sheet,
to
assess
civil
monetary
penalties
against
our
officers
or
directors,
to
remove
officers
and
directors and, if
it is concluded
that such conditions
cannot be corrected
or there is
an imminent risk
of loss to depositors,
to
terminate
our
deposit
insurance
and
force
us
to
terminate
our
business
operations.
If
we
become
subject
to
such
regulatory actions, our business, financial condition, results
of operations and reputation may be negatively impacted.
We
are
subject
to
numerous
laws
and
regulations
of
certain
regulatory
agencies
designed
to
protect
consumers, including the Community Reinvestment
Act, or CRA, and fair lending laws, and failure
to comply with
these laws could lead to a wide variety of sanctions.
The CRA directs all insured depository institutions to help meet the credit needs of
the local communities in which they
operate
branches,
including
low-
and
moderate-income
neighborhoods.
Each
institution
is
examined
periodically
by
its
primary federal
regulator,
which assesses
the institution’s
CRA performance.
The Equal
Credit Opportunity
Act, the
Fair
Housing
Act
and
other
fair
lending
laws
and
regulations
impose
nondiscriminatory
lending
requirements
on
financial
institutions. The U.S. Department of Justice, the Federal Reserve, and other federal agencies are responsible for enforcing
these laws and regulations. A successful regulatory challenge to our performance under the CRA, fair lending or consumer
lending
laws
and
regulations
could
result
in
a
wide
variety
of
sanctions,
including
damages
and
civil
money
penalties,
injunctive
relief,
customer
restitution,
restrictions
on
mergers
and
acquisitions
activity,
restrictions
on
expansion,
and
restrictions
on
entering
new
business
lines.
Private
parties
may
also
have
the
ability
to
challenge
an
institution’s
performance
under
fair
lending
laws
in
private
class
action
litigation.
Such
actions
could
have
an
adverse
effect
on
our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
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38
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Climate change and related legislative and regulatory initiatives may materially affect the Company’s business
and results of operations.
The effects
of climate change
continue to
create an
alarming level
of concern for
the state of
the global
environment.
As a result, the global business community has
increased its political and social awareness surrounding
the issue, and the
United States
has entered
into international
agreements in
an attempt
to reduce
global temperatures,
such as
reentering
the Paris Agreement.
Further,
the U.S. Congress,
state legislatures
and federal and
state regulatory agencies
continue to
propose numerous
initiatives to supplement
the global effort
to combat climate
change. Similar and
even more expansive
initiatives
are
expected
under
the
current
administration,
including
potentially
increasing
supervisory
expectations
with
respect to banks’
risk management
practices, accounting
for the effects
of climate change
in stress testing
scenarios and
systemic
risk assessments,
revising expectations
for credit
portfolio concentrations
based on
climate-related
factors
and
encouraging investment
by banks
in climate-related initiatives
and lending
to communities
disproportionately impacted
by
the effects
of climate change.
The lack
of empirical data
surrounding the
credit and
other financial
risks posed
by climate
change render it difficult, or
even impossible, to predict how climate
change may impact our financial
condition and results
of operations; however,
the physical effects
of climate change may
also directly impact
us. Specifically,
unpredictable and
more frequent weather disasters may adversely impact the real property, and/or the value of the real property,
securing the
loans in our
portfolios. Additionally,
if insurance
obtained by
our borrowers
is insufficient
to cover any
losses sustained
to
the collateral, or if
insurance coverage is
otherwise unavailable to
our borrowers, the
collateral securing our
loans may be
negatively impacted by climate change, natural disasters and
related events, which could impact our
financial condition and
results
of
operations. Further,
the effects
of climate
change may
negatively
impact
regional
and
local economic
activity,
which could adversely
affect our customers
and the communities
in which we
operate. Overall, climate
change, its effects
and the resulting, unknown impact could have a material adverse effect on our
financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Class A Common Stock
Our ability to pay dividends is subject to restrictions.
Holders of our Class A common stock are only
entitled to receive cash dividends when, as and
if declared by our Board
out of funds
legally available
for dividends.
The Company
is a bank
holding company
that conducts
substantially all
of its
operations through the Bank,
which is a legal entity separate
and distinct from the
Company.
As a result, our ability
to pay
dividends
on
our
common
stock
will substantially
depend
upon
the
receipt
of
dividends
and
other
distributions
from
the
Bank,
the
profitability
of
which
is
subject
to
the
fluctuating
cost
and
availability
of
money,
changes
in
interest
rates
and
economic conditions in general. There
are numerous laws and banking
regulations and guidance that limit the
Bank's ability
to pay dividends to us and our ability to pay dividends on our
common stock.
The market price and trading volume of our Class A
common stock may be volatile, which could result in rapid
and substantial losses for our shareholders.
The market
price of
our
Class
A common
stock may
be highly
volatile
and
could
be
subject
to
wide fluctuations.
In
addition, the trading volume on
our Class A common stock may
fluctuate and cause significant price variations to
occur. We
cannot assure you that the market price of our Class A common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future.
Some, but
certainly not
all, of
the factors
that could
negatively affect
the price
of our
Class A
common stock,
or result
in
fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our Class
A common stock, include:
•
general market conditions;
•
domestic and international economic factors unrelated
to our performance;
•
variations in our quarterly operating results or failure to
meet the market’s earnings expectations;
•
publication of research reports about us or the financial services
industry in general;
•
the failure of securities analysts to cover our Class
A common stock after this offering;
•
additions or departures of our key personnel;
•
future sales of our Class A common stock;
•
adverse market reactions to any indebtedness we may incur
or securities we may issue in the future;
•
actions by our shareholders;
•
the expiration of contractual lock-up agreements;
•
the operating and securities price performance of
companies that investors consider to be comparable to us;
•
changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations affecting
our business; and
•
actual or potential litigation and governmental investigations.
In
addition,
if
the
market
for
stocks
in
our
industry,
or
the
stock
market
in
general,
experiences
a
loss
of
investor
confidence, the
trading price
of the
Class A
common stock
could decline
for reasons
unrelated to
our business,
financial
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39
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
condition or results of operations. If
any of the foregoing occurs, it could
cause our Class A common
stock price to fall and
may expose us to lawsuits that, even if unsuccessful,
could be costly to defend and a distraction to management.
There are significant restrictions in our Articles of Incorporation that restrict the
ability to sell our capital stock
to shareholders that would own 4.95% or more of
our stock, excluding our Significant Investors.
Because the
continued availability
of our
"deferred tax
assets" depends,
in part,
on the
value of
our stock
owned by
shareholders owning
5% or more
of our stock,
our Articles of
Incorporation, except
as otherwise
may be approved
by the
Board
or
except
for
transfers
by
our
Significant
Investors,
prohibits
any
direct
or
indirect
transfer
of
stock
or
options
to
acquire stock to any
person who, as a
result of the transfer, would own 4.95%
or more of our
stock, as long as the
Company
continues to have "deferred tax assets." Such restrictions may
limit the ability to transfer our stock.
Because
we
are
an
emerging
growth
company
and
because
we
have
decided
to
take
advantage
of
certain
exemptions from
various reporting
and other
requirements applicable
to emerging
growth companies,
our Class
A common stock could be less attractive to investors.
We
are an
“emerging growth
company,”
as defined
in the
JOBS Act.
For as
long as
we remain
an emerging
growth
company,
we will have
the option
to take advantage
of certain
exemptions from
various reporting and
other requirements
that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging
growth companies, including:
•
we
may
present
only
two
years
of
audited
financial
statements
and
only
two
years
of
related
management’s
discussion and analysis of financial condition and results
of operations
•
we
are
exempt
from
the
requirements
to
obtain
an
attestation
and
report
from
our
auditors
on
management’s
assessment of our internal control over financial reporting
under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act;
•
we are permitted to have less extensive disclosure about our
executive compensation arrangements; and
•
we
are
not
required
to
give
our
shareholders
non-binding
advisory
votes
on
executive
compensation
or
golden
parachute arrangements.
We may
continue to
take advantage
of some
or all
of the
reduced regulatory
and reporting
requirements
that will
be
available to
us as
long as
we continue
to
qualify
as an
emerging
growth
company.
We
will remain
an emerging
growth
company until the earliest of
(i) the last day of the first fiscal year
in which our annual gross revenues
exceed $1.07 billion,
(ii) the date that the market value of our Class A common stock
that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of
the
last business day of
June 30 of that
year, (iii) the date on
which we have, during
the previous three-year period, issued
more
than $1 billion
in non-convertible
debt, or
(iv) the end
of fiscal
year following the
fifth anniversary
of the
completion of
our
IPO.
It is
possible that
some
investors could
find our
Class
A common
stock less
attractive if
we choose
to rely
on these
exemptions. If some investors find our Class A common
stock less attractive, there may be a less
active trading market for
our Class A common stock and our stock price may be
more volatile.
Because we have elected
to use the extended
transition period for complying
with new or revised
accounting
standards for an “emerging growth company,” our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that
comply with these accounting standards as of the public
company effective dates.
We have elected
to use the
extended transition
period for complying
with new or
revised accounting standards
under
Section 7(a)(2)(B) of
the Securities Act.
This election allows
us to delay
the adoption of
new or revised
accounting standards
that have different
effective dates for
public and private companies
until those standards apply
to private companies.
As a
result of
this election,
our financial
statements
may not
be comparable
to companies
that
comply
with these
accounting
standards as of the
public company effective dates. Because
our financial statements may
not be comparable to
companies
that
comply
with
public
company
effective
dates,
investors
may
have
difficulty
evaluating
or
comparing
our
business,
performance or
prospects in
comparison to
other public
companies, which
may have
a negative
impact on
the value
and
liquidity of
our Class
A common
stock. We
cannot predict
if investors
will find
our Class
A common
stock less
attractive
because we
plan to
rely on
this exemption.
If some
investors find
our Class
A common
stock less
attractive as
a result,
there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common
stock and our stock price may be more volatile.
We have existing investors that own
a significant amount of our
common stock whose individual interests may
differ from yours.
A significant percentage of our Class A common stock is currently held by a few institutional investors, including Patriot
Financial Partners II,
L.P.
and Patriot Financial
Partners Parallel II, L.P.
(collectively,
"Patriot"), and Priam
Capital Fund II,
LP
("Priam,"
and
together
with
Patriot,
the
"Significant
Investors").
As
of
February
28,
2023
Patriot
and
Priam
own
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40
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
approximately 22.71
%
and 22.71
%
1
, respectively, of our outstanding Class A common stock. In addition, Patriot and Priam
are each entitled to nominate a director to our Board and have certain subscription rights to purchase new equity securities
that we issued in the future,
in each case as long as certain equity
ownership criteria are met. Patriot and
Priam also have
certain
registration
rights,
including
demand
registration
rights,
and
information
rights.
Although
Patriot
and
Priam
are
independent of each other, these institutional investors will continue to have a significant level of influence over us
because
of their level of
Class A common
stock ownership and their
right to representation
on our Board. For
example, Patriot and
Priam will have a greater ability than our other shareholders to influence the election of directors and the potential outcome
of other matters submitted
to a vote of
our shareholders, including mergers and
other acquisition transactions, amendments
to our Articles
of Incorporation and
Amended and Restated
Bylaws, and other
extraordinary corporate matters. The
interests
of these
investors could
conflict with
the interests
of our
other shareholders,
and any future
transfer by
these investors
of
their shares of Class A common
stock to other investors who have
different business objectives
could adversely affect
our
business, results of operations, financial condition, prospects
or the market value of our Class A common
stock.
Provisions
in
our
governing
documents
and
Florida
law
may
have
an
anti-takeover
effect
and
there
are
substantial regulatory limitations on changes of control
of the Company.
Our corporate organizational documents and provisions of federal
and state law to which we
are subject contain certain
provisions that could
have an anti-takeover
effect and
may delay,
make more
difficult or prevent
an attempted
acquisition
that you may favor or an attempted replacement of our Board
or management.
Our governing documents include provisions that:
•
empower our Board, without shareholder
approval, to issue our preferred
stock, the terms of which,
including voting
power, are to be set by our
Board;
•
provide that directors may be removed from office only for cause and only upon a majority vote
of the shares of our
Bank with voting power;
•
prohibit holders of our Class A common stock
to take action by written consent in lieu of a shareholder meeting;
•
require holders of at least 10% of our Class A common
stock to call a special meeting;
•
do not provide for cumulative voting in elections of our
directors;
•
provide that our Board has the authority to amend our Amended
and Restated Bylaws;
•
require shareholders that wish to bring business before annual or special meetings of shareholders, or to nominate
candidates for election as directors at our annual meeting of shareholders, to provide
timely notice of their intent in
writing and satisfy disclosure requirements; and
•
enable our Board to increase, between
annual meetings, the number of
persons serving as directors and to
fill the
vacancies created
as a
result of
the increase
until the
next meeting of
shareholders by
a majority
vote of
the directors
present at a meeting of directors.
In addition,
certain provisions
of Florida
law may
delay,
discourage, or
prevent an
attempted acquisition
or change
in
control. Furthermore,
banking laws
impose notice,
approval, and
ongoing regulatory
requirements
on any
shareholder or
other party that seeks to acquire direct or indirect "control" of
a bank holding company,
which includes the Change in Bank
Control
Act.
These
laws
could
delay
or
prevent
an
acquisition.
Also,
for
preservation
and
continued
availability
of
our
"deferred tax assets," our Articles
of Incorporation prohibits any direct
or indirect transfer of stock
or options to acquire
stock
to any
person
who, as
a result
of
the
transfer,
would own
4.95%
or more
of
our stock,
as long
as
we continue
to
have
"deferred tax assets," subject to
limited exceptions as provided in
our Articles of Incorporation. Because
of the requirements
to overcome this restriction, this provision of the Articles of Incorporation could have an anti-takeover effect and may delay,
make more difficult or prevent an attempted acquisition
that you may favor.
1
Adjust as necessary due to Class A common stock
repurchases.
Table of Contents
41
USCB Financial Holdings, Inc.
2022 10-K
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.