Symbotic Inc. 10-K

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto that appear elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See “Risk Factors” elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of certain risks associated with our business. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. The use of words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any discussion of future operating or financial performance. From time to time, we also may provide forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” to “Symbotic,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are intended to mean the business and operations of Symbotic Inc. This section provides an analysis of our financial results for the year ended September 28, 2024 as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023. For the discussion and analysis covering the year ended September 30, 2023 compared to the year ended September 24, 2022, please refer to the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the SEC on December 11, 2023. Company Overview Our vision is to make the supply chain work better for everyone. We do this by developing, commercializing, and deploying innovative, comprehensive technology solutions that dramatically improve supply chain operations. We currently automate the processing of pallets and cases in large warehouses or distribution centers for some of the largest retail companies in the world. Our System enhances operations at the front end of the supply chain, and therefore benefit all supply partners further down the chain, irrespective of fulfillment strategy. Our System is based on a unique approach to connecting producers of goods to end users, in a way that resolves the mismatches of quantity, timing and location that arise between the two, while reducing costs. The underlying architecture of our System is what differentiates our solution from anything else in the marketplace. It utilizes fully autonomous robots, collectively controlled by our artificial intelligence (“A.I.”) enabled system software to achieve at scale, real world supply chain improvements that are so compelling that we believe our approach can become the de facto standard approach for how warehouses operate. On July 23, 2023, we, along with New Symbotic Holdings, and Symbotic US (collectively, the “Symbotic Group”), entered into a Framework Agreement (the “Framework Agreement”) with Sunlight Investment Corp. (“Sunlight”), SVF II Strategic Investments AIV LLC (“SVF” and, together with Sunlight, “SoftBank”), and GreenBox Systems LLC (“GreenBox”), related to the formation of GreenBox as a strategic joint venture between the Symbotic Group and SoftBank, the entry into a Limited Liability Company Agreement of GreenBox and Master Services, License and Equipment Agreement (the “Commercial Agreement”) and issuance of a warrant to purchase Class A Common Stock of Symbotic (the “GreenBox Warrant”). GreenBox was established on July 21, 2023, and will build and automate supply chain networks globally by operating and financing our advanced A.I. and automation technology for the warehouse. We own 35% of GreenBox and SoftBank Group owns 65% of GreenBox. Business Combination Refer to Note 1, Organization and Operations to our consolidated financial statements for further details on the historical business organization and formation of Symbotic Inc. Key Components of Consolidated Statements of Operations Revenue We generate revenue through our design and installation of supply chain automation systems to automate customers’ depalletizing, storage, selection, and palletization warehousing processes. The Systems have both a hardware component and an essential software component that enables the Systems to be programmed to operate within specific customer environments. We enter into contracts with customers that can include various combinations of services to design and install 49 Table of Contents the Systems. These services are generally distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. As a result, each customer contract may contain multiple performance obligations. We determine whether performance obligations are distinct based on whether the customer can benefit from the product or service on its own or together with other resources that are readily available and whether our commitment to provide the services to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. We have identified the following distinct performance obligations in our contracts with customers: Systems : We design, assemble, and install Systems and perform configuration of essential software. Systems include the delivery of hardware and an essential software component, sold as either a perpetual or term-based on-premise license, that automate our customers’ depalletizing, storage, selection, and palletization warehousing processes. The hardware and essential software are each not capable of being distinct because our customers cannot benefit from the hardware or software on their own. Accordingly, they are treated as a single performance obligation. Fees for Systems are typically either fixed or cost-plus fixed fee amounts that are due based on the achievement of a variety of milestones beginning at contract inception through final acceptance. The substantial majority of our software is sold as a perpetual on-premise license, however, we do sell an immaterial amount of term-based on-premise licenses. The key metrics which describe our System from commencement to completion are as follows: (1) “Start” is defined as when we sign a Statement of Work (“SOW”) with a customer; (2) “Deployment” is defined as the period of time following the signed SOW until the acceptance of the System; and (3) “Operational” is defined as achieving acceptance of a System. The majority of Systems revenue occurs during Deployment, and once a System reaches acceptance, software maintenance and support begins. Software Maintenance and Support : “Software Maintenance and Support” is defined as support services that provide our customers with technical support, updates, and upgrades to the software license. Fees for Software Maintenance and Support are typically payable in advance on a quarterly, or annual basis over the term of the Software Maintenance and Support contract, which term can range from one to 15 years but, for a substantial majority of our Software Maintenance and Support contracts, is 15 years. Operation Services : “Operation Services” is defined as assistance services we provide our customers operating the System and ensuring user experience is optimized for efficiency and effectiveness. Fees for Operation Services are typically invoiced to our customers on a time and materials basis monthly in arrears or using a fixed fee structure. Also included in Operation Services is revenue generated from the sales of spare parts to our customers as needed to service their System. Cost of Revenue Our cost of revenue is composed of the following for each of our distinct performance obligations: Systems : Systems cost of revenue consists primarily of material and labor consumed in the production and installation of Systems, as well as depreciation expense. The design, assembly, and installation of a System includes substantive customer-specified acceptance criteria that allow the customer to accept or reject Systems that do not meet the customer’s specifications. When we cannot objectively determine that acceptance criteria will be met upon contract inception, cost of revenue relating to Systems is deferred and expensed at a point in time upon final acceptance from the customer. If acceptance criteria can be reasonably certain upon contract inception, Systems cost of revenue is expensed as incurred. Software Maintenance and Support : Cost of revenue attributable to Software Maintenance and Support primarily relates to labor cost for our maintenance team providing routine technical support, and maintenance updates and upgrades to our customers. Software Maintenance and Support cost of revenue is expensed as incurred. Operation Services : Operation Services cost of revenue consists primarily of labor cost for our operations team who is providing services to our customers to run their System within their warehouse. Operation Services cost of revenue also includes the cost of spare parts sold to our customers as needed to service their System. Operation Services cost of revenue is expensed as incurred. Research and Development Costs incurred in the research and development of our products are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs include personnel, contracted services, materials, and indirect costs involved in the design and development of new products and services, as well as depreciation expense. Selling, General, and Administrative Selling, general, and administrative expenses include all costs that are not directly related to satisfaction of customer contracts or research and development. Selling, general, and administrative expenses include items for our selling and 50 Table of Contents administrative functions, such as sales, finance, legal, human resources, and information technology support. These functions include costs for items such as salaries and benefits and other personnel-related costs, maintenance and supplies, professional fees for external legal, accounting, and other consulting services, intangible asset amortization, and depreciation expense. Other Income (Expense), Net Other income (expense), net primarily consists of dividend and interest income earned on our money market accounts and the impact of foreign currency transaction gains and losses associated with monetary assets and liabilities. Income Taxes As a result of the Business Combination, we were appointed as the sole managing member of Symbotic Holdings. Symbotic Holdings is a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and for most applicable state and local income taxes. Any taxable income or loss generated by Symbotic Holdings is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including us, on a pro rata basis, subject to applicable tax regulations. We are subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state and local income taxes, with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income or loss of Symbotic Holdings. We also have foreign subsidiaries which are subject to income tax in their local jurisdictions. Prior to the close of the Business Combination, our financial reporting predecessor, Legacy Warehouse was treated as a pass-through entity for tax purposes and no provision, except for certain foreign subsidiaries which are taxed in their respective foreign jurisdictions, was made in the consolidated financial statements for income taxes. Any income tax items for the periods prior to the close of the Business Combination are related to the applicable subsidiary companies that are subject to foreign income tax. Results of Operations for the Years Ended September 28, 2024 and September 30, 2023 The following tables set forth certain consolidated financial data in U.S. dollar amounts and as a percentage of total revenue. Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Revenue: Systems $ 1,705,440 $ 1,138,059 Software maintenance and support 14,173 6,601 Operation services 68,566 32,231 Total revenue 1,788,179 1,176,891 Cost of revenue: Systems 1,466,841 940,076 Software maintenance and support 8,949 9,222 Operation services 66,723 37,854 Total cost of revenue 1,542,513 987,152 Gross profit 245,666 189,739 Operating expenses: Research and development expenses 173,457 195,042 Selling, general, and administrative expenses 188,934 217,927 Total operating expenses 362,391 412,969 Operating loss (116,725) (223,230) Other income, net 37,042 10,716 Loss before income tax and equity method investment (79,683) (212,514) Income tax benefit (expense) (4,212) 4,620 Loss from equity method investment (777) — Net loss $ (84,672) $ (207,894) 51 Table of Contents Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Revenue: Systems 95 % 97 % Software maintenance and support 1 1 Operation services 4 3 Total revenue 100 100 Cost of revenue: Systems 82 80 Software maintenance and support 1 1 Operation services 4 3 Total cost of revenue 86 84 Gross profit 14 16 Operating expenses: Research and development expenses 10 17 Selling, general, and administrative expenses 11 19 Total operating expenses 20 35 Operating loss (7) (19) Other income, net 2 1 Loss before income tax and equity method investment (4) (18) Income tax benefit (expense) — — Loss from equity method investment — — Net loss (5) % (18) % * Percentages are based on actual values. Totals may not sum due to rounding. Year Ended September 28, 2024 Compared to the Year Ended September 30, 2023 Revenue Year Ended Change September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Amount % (dollars in thousands) Systems $ 1,705,440 $ 1,138,059 $ 567,381 50 % Software maintenance and support 14,173 6,601 7,572 115 Operation services 68,566 32,231 36,335 113 Total revenue $ 1,788,179 $ 1,176,891 $ 611,288 52 % Systems revenue increased for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, due to 44 Systems in Deployment for the fiscal year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to 35 Systems in Deployment for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in Deployments is primarily due to the continued build out of our Systems included in the Walmart Master Automation Agreement. Pursuant to the Master Automation Agreement, we are installing and implementing our System within all of Walmart’s 42 regional distribution centers. We expect the Master Automation Agreement to continue to generate Systems revenue as we install and implement the Systems at the remaining regional distribution centers through fiscal year 2029. 52 Table of Contents The increase in Software Maintenance and Support revenue is due to 25 Operational Systems which are under Software Maintenance and Support contracts for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to 12 Operational Systems which are under Software Maintenance and Support contracts for the year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in Operation Services revenue is attributable to an increase in Operational Systems where we are performing Operation Services for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023. The increase results from the number of Operational Systems we have as well as spare parts sales to our customers for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023. As we continue to increase the number of Operational Systems, an increase in the number of Operation Services contracts is expected. Gross Profit The following table sets forth our gross profit for the years ended September 28, 2024 and September 30, 2023: Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Change (in thousands) Systems $ 238,599 $ 197,983 $ 40,616 Software maintenance and support 5,224 (2,621) 7,845 Operation services 1,843 (5,623) 7,466 Total gross profit $ 245,666 $ 189,739 $ 55,927 Systems gross profit increased $40.6 million for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in gross profit is primarily driven by 44 Systems in Deployment during the fiscal year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to 35 Systems in Deployment during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023. The increase in Software Maintenance and Support gross profit is driven by the revenue from the additional Operational Systems which are under Software Maintenance and Support contracts for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, while costs to perform our Software Maintenance and Support services remained relatively flat. The increase in Operation Services gross profit for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, is driven by an increase in the number of Operational Systems where we are performing Operation Services, efficiency improvement on our existing Systems where we are performing Operation Services, and profit generated from the sales of spare parts. Research and Development Expenses Year Ended Change September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Amount % (dollars in thousands) Research and development $ 173,457 $ 195,042 $ (21,585) (11 %) Percentage of total revenue 10 % 17 % The decrease in research and development expenses for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, is due to the following: Change (in thousands) Employee-related costs $ (27,103) Prototype-related costs, allocated overhead expenses, and other 5,518 $ (21,585) Employee-related costs decreased primarily as a result of a decrease in stock-based compensation expense and expense incurred for contractors. As we apply the graded-vesting method of expense recognition to all stock-based compensation 53 Table of Contents awards with service-only conditions, lower expense was incurred during the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, due to the expense recognized during the year ended September 30, 2023 for the issuance of restricted stock to our employees following the Business Combination. Additionally, we experienced a decrease in the expense related to contractors as a result of a combination of hiring full time employees and outsourcing certain business activities to third parties. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in payroll related costs as we continue to grow our software and hardware engineering organizations to support the development of key projects and to support the continued expansion of our A.I. and analytics capabilities. The increase in prototyping-related costs, allocated overhead expenses, and other during the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, is primarily attributable to an increase in allocated overhead expenses from selling, general, and administrative expenses to research and development expenses resulting from an increase to general overhead expenses such as rent and other occupancy expenses for the year ended September 28, 2024. Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses Year Ended Change September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Amount % (dollars in thousands) Selling, general, and administrative $ 188,934 $ 217,927 $ (28,993) (13 %) Percentage of total revenue 11 % 19 % The decrease in selling, general, and administrative expenses for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, is due to the following: Change (in thousands) Employee-related costs $ (34,926) Allocated overhead expenses and other 5,933 $ (28,993) Employee-related costs decreased primarily as a result of a decrease in stock-based compensation expense and expense incurred for contractors. As we apply the graded-vesting method of expense recognition to all stock-based compensation awards with service-only conditions, lower expense was incurred during the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, due to the expense recognized during the year ended September 30, 2023 for the issuance of restricted stock to our employees following the Business Combination. Additionally, we experienced a decrease in the expense related to contractors as a result of a combination of hiring full time employees and outsourcing certain business activities to third parties. These decreases were partially offset by an increase to payroll-related expenses incurred as our business continues to grow. Allocated overhead and other expenses increased primarily due to an increase in information technology related costs as well as audit and tax expenses as compared to the prior year as our employee base and infrastructure continue to grow. Other income, net Year Ended Change September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Amount % (dollars in thousands) Other income, net $ 37,042 $ 10,716 $ 26,326 246 % Percentage of total revenue 2 % 1 % The increase in other income, net for the year ended September 28, 2024, as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023, is due to higher interest earned on invested cash balances and marketable securities as a result of increased interest rates and higher cash balance. 54 Table of Contents Income Taxes Year Ended Change September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 Amount % (dollars in thousands) Income tax benefit (expense) $ (4,212) $ 4,620 $ (8,832) (191 %) Percentage of total revenue — % — % We recorded an income tax expense for the year ended September 28, 2024, primarily related to the establishment of $3.9 million of a valuation allowance related to foreign deferred tax asset, as compared to a benefit for the year ended September 30, 2023, which was primarily related to the release of $6.1 million of previously established valuation allowances related to foreign deferred tax assets. Refer to Note 12, Income Taxes , for further information. Non-GAAP Financial Measures In addition to providing financial measurements based on generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, (“GAAP” or “U.S. GAAP”), we provide additional financial metrics that are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, or non-GAAP financial measures. We use these non-GAAP financial measures, in addition to GAAP financial measures, to understand and compare operating results across accounting periods, for financial and operational decision making, for planning and forecasting purposes, to measure executive compensation, and to evaluate our financial performance. These non-GAAP financial measures are Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted gross profit, Adjusted gross profit margin, and Free cash flow, as discussed below. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures reflect our ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful comparisons and analysis of trends in the business, as it facilitates comparing financial results across accounting periods and to those of peer companies. We also believe that these non-GAAP financial measures enable investors to evaluate our operating results and future prospects in the same manner as we do. These non-GAAP financial measures may exclude expenses and gains that may be unusual in nature, infrequent, or not reflective of our ongoing operating results. The non-GAAP financial measures do not replace the presentation of our GAAP financial measures and should only be used as a supplement to, not as a substitute for, our financial results presented in accordance with GAAP. We consider Adjusted EBITDA to be an important indicator of the operational strength and performance of our business and a good measure of our historical operating trends. Adjusted EBITDA eliminates items that we do not consider to be part of our core operations. We define Adjusted EBITDA as GAAP net loss excluding the following items: interest income; income taxes; depreciation and amortization of tangible and intangible assets; stock-based compensation; business combination transaction expenses; CEO transition charges; joint venture formation fees; restructuring charges; equity financing transaction costs; equity method investment; and other infrequent items that may arise from time to time. The non-GAAP adjustments, and our basis for excluding them from our non-GAAP financial measure, are outlined below: • Stock-based compensation – Although stock-based compensation is an important aspect of the compensation paid to our employees, the grant date fair value varies based on the derived stock price at the time of grant, varying valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions, and the variety of award types. This makes the comparison of our current financial results to previous and future periods difficult to interpret; therefore, we believe it is useful to exclude stock-based compensation from our non-GAAP financial measures in order to highlight the performance of our business and to be consistent with the way many investors evaluate our performance and compare our operating results to peer companies. Our stock-based compensation non-GAAP financial measures exclusion includes non-cash stock-based compensation expense and payroll taxes related to stock-based compensation awards. • Business combination transaction expenses – Business combination transaction expenses represent the expenses incurred related to the Business Combination, which we completed on June 7, 2022 as well as other strategic acquisition opportunities. It primarily includes investment banker fees, legal fees, professional fees for accountants, transaction fees, advisory fees, due diligence costs, certain other professional fees, and other direct costs associated with strategic activities. These amounts are impacted by the timing of the Business Combination or other strategic acquisition opportunities which we may pursue. We exclude Business combination transaction expenses from our non-GAAP financial measures to provide a useful comparison of 55 Table of Contents our operating results to prior periods and to peer companies because such amounts vary significantly based on the magnitude of the Business Combination transaction and do not reflect our core operations. • Joint venture formation fees – Joint venture formation fees represent the charges incurred associated with the formation of GreenBox, which was formed on July 21, 2023. It primarily includes investment banker fees, legal fees, transaction fees, advisory fees, and certain other professional fees. We exclude joint venture formation fees from our non-GAAP financial measures to provide a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and peer companies because such amounts vary significantly based on the magnitude of the joint venture and do not reflect our core operations. • CEO transition charges – CEO transition charges represent the charges incurred associated with the separation agreement we entered into with Michael Loparco in November 2022. We exclude these CEO transition charges from our non-GAAP financial measures to provide a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because such amounts are not representative of our normal operating activities. • Restructuring charges – Restructuring charges represent charges incurred associated with certain actions to our restructure within the U.S. and Canada. These charges include severance and related expenses for workforce reductions, lower of cost and net realizable value adjustments to inventory and long-lived assets that will no longer be used in operations, and termination fees for any contracts cancelled as part of these actions. We exclude these items from our non-GAAP financial measures when evaluating our continuing business performance as such items vary significantly based on the magnitude of the restructuring action and do not reflect future expected operating expenses. In addition, these charges do not necessarily provide meaningful insight into the fundamentals of current or past operations of our business. • Equity financing transaction costs – Equity financing transaction costs represent the costs incurred, including for legal and accountant fees, transaction fees, advisory fees, due diligence costs, and certain other professional fees that are directly related to our equity financing transaction which occurred in February 2024. We exclude these costs from our non-GAAP financial measures to provide a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because such amounts are not representative of our normal operating activities. • Equity method investment – Equity method investment represents our proportionate share of income or loss of unconsolidated variable interest entities. We exclude this from our non-GAAP financial measures to provide a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because such amounts are not representative of our normal operating activities. The following table reconciles GAAP net loss to Adjusted EBITDA during the periods presented (in thousands): Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 September 24, 2022 Net loss $ (84,672) $ (207,894) $ (139,089) Interest income (36,907) (11,391) (1,287) Income tax benefit (expense) 4,212 (4,619) — Depreciation and amortization 20,845 9,475 5,989 Stock-based compensation 120,608 157,023 40,556 Business combination transaction expenses 324 — 4,069 Joint venture formation fees 1,089 14,900 — CEO transition charges — 2,026 — Restructuring charges 33,431 22,899 — Equity financing transaction costs 1,985 — — Equity method investment 777 — — Adjusted EBITDA $ 61,692 $ (17,581) $ (89,762) We consider Adjusted gross profit and Adjusted gross profit margin to be important indicators of profitability, which we use in our financial and operational decision-making and evaluation of our overall operating performance. We define Adjusted gross profit, a non-GAAP financial measure, as GAAP gross profit excluding the following items: depreciation, 56 Table of Contents stock-based compensation expense, and restructuring charges. We define Adjusted gross profit margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, as non-GAAP Adjusted gross profit divided by total revenue. The following table reconciles GAAP gross profit to Adjusted gross profit and gross profit margin to Adjusted gross profit margin during the periods presented (dollars in thousands): Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 September 24, 2022 Gross profit $ 245,666 $ 189,739 $ 99,647 Depreciation 7,748 639 353 Stock-based compensation 15,654 6,212 — Restructuring charges 33,431 19,766 — Adjusted gross profit $ 302,499 $ 216,356 $ 100,000 Gross profit margin 13.7 % 16.1 % 16.8 % Adjusted gross profit margin 16.9 % 18.4 % 16.9 % We consider Free cash flow to be an important indicator of financial liquidity, which we use in our financial and operational decision-making and evaluation of our overall operating performance. We define Free cash flow as net cash provided by or used in operating activities less purchases of property and equipment and capitalization of internal use software development costs. The following table reconciles GAAP net cash provided by (used in) operating activities to Free cash flow during the periods presented (in thousands): Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 September 24, 2022 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ (58,077) $ 230,794 $ (148,247) Purchases of property and equipment (42,237) (15,688) (17,950) Capitalization of internal use software development costs (2,137) (5,638) — Free cash flow $ (102,451) $ 209,468 $ (166,197) Liquidity and Capital Resources As of September 28, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity were cash received upon exercise of warrants and equity financing transactions, proceeds received from the maturities of marketable securities, and cash received from customers upon the inception and continuation of contracts to install Systems. The following table shows net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) operating activities, net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) investing activities, and net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) financing activities during the periods presented: Year Ended September 28, 2024 September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Net cash provided by (used in): Operating activities $ (58,077) $ 230,794 Investing activities $ 156,481 $ (299,464) Financing activities $ 371,036 $ (24,101) Operating Activities Our net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) operating activities consists of net loss adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization, foreign currency gains and losses, marketable securities gains and losses, provision for excess and obsolete inventory, and stock-based compensation, as well as changes in operating assets and 57 Table of Contents liabilities. The primary changes in working capital items, such as the changes in accounts receivable and deferred revenue, result from the difference in timing of payments from our customers related to Deployments and the associated costs incurred by us to fulfill the System performance obligation. This may result in an operating cash flow source or use for the period, depending on the timing of payments received as compared to the fulfillment of the System performance obligation. Net cash used in operating activities was $(58.1) million for the year ended September 28, 2024. Net cash used in operating activities was driven by our net loss of $(84.7) million, which was adjusted for non-cash items of $163.2 million, primarily consisting of $112.2 million stock-based compensation expense, $23.5 million depreciation and amortization, $33.3 million provision for excess and obsolete inventory, offset by $(10.1) million gain on investments. Changes in operating assets and liabilities from the prior fiscal year resulted in use of cash for operating assets and liabilities of $(136.6) million, and was mainly due to the timing of cash payments to vendors, cash receipts from customers, and the timing of invoicing to our customers. Net cash provided by operating activities was $230.8 million for the year ended September 30, 2023. Net cash provided by operating activities was due to our net loss of $(207.9) million adjusted for non-cash items of $186.1 million, primarily consisting of $154.2 million stock-based compensation expense, $11.3 million depreciation and amortization, $22.3 million provision for excess and obsolete inventory, offset by $(4.6) million deferred tax assets, net. Additionally, sources of cash provided by operating assets and liabilities of $252.6 million was due to the timing of cash payments to vendors and cash receipts from customers. Our cash provided by operating assets and liabilities was primarily attributable to an increase in cash receipts from customers as compared to the timing of costs incurred by us to fulfill the System installation performance obligation resulting from the increase in customer contracts and System installations in process during the year ended September 30, 2023. Investing Activities Our investing activities have consisted primarily of property and equipment purchases, capitalization of internal use software development costs, purchases of marketable securities, and proceeds from maturities of marketable securities. Net cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities for the year ended September 28, 2024 consisted of $42.2 million of purchased property and equipment. Additionally, during the year ended September 28, 2024, we purchased U.S. Treasury securities for $48.7 million, and received proceeds of $340.0 million upon the maturity of certain U.S. Treasury securities. We also acquired strategic investments of $90.5 million, which primarily consists of the investment we have made into the GreenBox VIE. Net cash and cash equivalents used in investing activities during the year ended September 30, 2023 consisted of $15.7 million of purchased property and equipment. Additionally, during the year ended September 30, 2023, we purchased U.S. Treasury securities for $408.2 million, and received proceeds of $130.0 million upon the maturity of certain U.S. Treasury securities. We also capitalized $5.6 million of internal use software development costs related to internal projects which are targeted to improve the capabilities of our System software. Financing Activities Our financing activities typically consist of payments and proceeds related to our equity incentive plans for RSUs and our ESPP, and also include proceeds from the exercise of the vested warrants issued to Walmart as well as proceeds from equity financing transactions. For the year ended September 28, 2024, the cash provided by financing activities primarily consisted of proceeds of $258.0 million related to the issuance of Class A common stock upon completion of our equity financing in March 2024. Cash of $158.7 million was also received in December 2023 related to the gross exercise by Walmart of their vested Warrant Units. To offset the receipt of cash, we incurred a payment of $48.2 million related to distributions to Symbotic Holdings LLC partners. No other significant financing activities occurred during the year ended September 28, 2024. For the year ended September 30, 2023, we incurred a payment of $26.7 million for the taxes related to the net share settlement of stock-based compensation awards. We also received proceeds of $2.6 million from the issuance of common stock under our ESPP upon the expiration of the first two offering periods at the end of December 2022 and June 2023, respectively. Contractual Obligations and Commitments and Liquidity Outlook Our cash flows from operations along with equity infusions have historically been sufficient to fund our operating activities and other cash requirements. As of September 28, 2024, we have a cash and cash equivalents balance of $727.3 million. Our cash requirements for the year ended September 28, 2024 were primarily related to capital expenditures, 58 Table of Contents inventory purchases in order to deliver to our customers our Systems in an orderly manner in line with our installation timelines, and purchases of marketable securities in order to diversify the composition of our cash balance. We expect our current cash and cash equivalents, working capital, and our forecasted cash flows from operations to be sufficient to meet our foreseeable cash needs for at least the next 12 months. Our foreseeable cash needs, in addition to our recurring operating expenses, include our expected capital expenditures to support expansion of our infrastructure and workforce, funding to GreenBox which we may be required to make based on contractual commitments to them (as further disclosed within Note 18, Variable Interest Entities ), and minimum contractual obligations. Contractual obligations are cash that we are obligated to pay as part of certain contracts that we have entered into during our course of business. Our contractual obligations consist of operating lease liabilities that are included in our consolidated balance sheet and vendor commitments associated with agreements that are legally binding. Our operating lease cash requirements have not changed materially since September 30, 2023, and are disclosed within Note 7, Leases , included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our growth rate, the timing and extent of spending to support research and development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the introduction of new and enhanced product and service offerings, and the cost of any future acquisitions of technology or businesses. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may be unable to raise the funds on acceptable terms, if at all. The following table summarizes our current and long-term material cash requirements as of September 28, 2024 for our vendor commitments: Payments due in: Total Less than 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More than 5 Years (in thousands) Vendor commitments $ 1,286,282 $ 1,206,331 $ 79,951 $ — $ — Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In preparing our financial statements, we make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that can have a significant impact on our reported revenue, results of operations, and net income or loss, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our balance sheet during and as of the reporting periods. These estimates, assumptions, and judgments are necessary because future events and their effects on our results and the value of our assets cannot be determined with certainty and are made based on our historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates may change as new events occur or additional information is obtained, and we may periodically be faced with uncertainties, the outcomes of which are not within our control and may not be known for a prolonged period of time. Because the use of estimates is inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. We believe that the assumptions and estimates associated with the following critical accounting policies involve significant judgment and thus have the most significant potential impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements. Revenue Recognition We generate revenue from the sale of products and services. A description of our revenue recognition policies is included in the Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Although most of our sales agreements contain standard terms and conditions, certain agreements contain multiple performance obligations or non-standard terms and conditions. For customer contracts that contain more than one performance obligation, we allocate the total transaction consideration to each performance obligation based on the relative stand-alone selling price of each performance obligation within the contract. To determine stand-alone selling price, we maximize the use of observable standalone sales and observable data, where available. When there is an insufficient history of standalone sales, we use judgment to estimate the standalone selling price. These estimates leverage available information that may include other observable inputs or use the expected cost-plus margin approach to estimate the price we would charge if the products and services were sold separately. We rely on either observable standalone sales or an expected cost 59 Table of Contents plus a margin approach to determine the standalone selling price of offerings, depending on the nature of the performance obligation. As we further discuss in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the majority of contracts with customers entered into, revenue from the sales of our Systems is recognized over time as the asset created by our performance does not have alternative use to us and an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date is present. We recognize revenue as work progresses, using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion. Incurred costs represent work performed, which correspond with and best depict transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs are incurred over a period of time, which can span multiple years, and the estimation of these costs requires management’s judgment. Due to the nature of the work required to be performed on the Systems and our reliance on the availability and cost of materials required to be procured from third party vendors to build our Systems, the estimation of total revenue and cost at completion is complex, subject to many variables, and requires significant judgment on a contract-by-contract basis. As part of this process, we review information including, but not limited to, any outstanding key contract matters, progress towards completion and the related program schedule, identified risks and opportunities and the related changes in estimates of revenue and costs. The risks and opportunities relate to our judgment about the installation delays or performance issues that may or may not be within our control. Risks and opportunities may also relate to supply chain trends and commodity pricing, as well as changes in foreign currencies. Changes in estimates of net sales, cost of sales, and the related impact to operating profit are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis, which recognizes the cumulative effect of the profit changes on current and prior periods based on a performance obligation’s percentage of completion in the current period. A significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of one of more of our performance obligations and could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Stock-based Compensation Prior to the Business Combination, we had authorized five classes of membership interests, consisting of a class of common units known as the Class A Common Units (the “Class A Units”), a class of preferred units known as the Class B Preferred Units (the “Class B Units”), a class of preferred units known as the Class B-1 Preferred Units (the “Class B-1 Units”), a class of preferred units known as the Class B-2 Preferred Units (the “Class B-2 Units”, and together with the Class B Units and the Class B-1 Units, the “Preferred Units”) and an additional class of common units to be granted to employees, officers, and directors pursuant to an incentive plan, known as the Class C Common Units (the “Class C Units” and, together with the Class A Units, the “Common Units,” and the Common Units together with the Preferred Units, the “Units”). Following the Business Combination, we have three classes of common stock, Class A Common Stock, Class V-1 Common Stock, and Class V-3 Common Stock. As the Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, all periods prior to the Business Combination have been retroactively adjusted using the Exchange Ratio as stipulated by the Merger Agreement for the equivalent number of shares outstanding immediately after the Merger to effect the reverse recapitalization. The Class A Units were converted into Common Stock using an exchange ratio of 61.28 per share, the Class B Units were converted into Common Stock using an exchange ratio of 47,508,300.00 per share, the Class B-1 Units were converted into Common Stock using an exchange ratio of 24,041,300.00 per share, and the Class C Units were converted into Common Stock using an exchange ratio of 58.15 per share. This is presented within the consolidated statements of changes in redeemable preferred and common units and equity (deficit). We typically issue restricted stock units (“RSUs”) as stock-based compensation. For RSUs, the fair value is the closing stock price on the grant date. We recognize compensation expense over the requisite service period for awards expected to vest. We account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than applying an estimated forfeiture rate. The graded-vesting method of expense recognition is applied to all awards with service-only conditions. Certain RSUs involve stock to be issued upon the achievement of certain performance conditions. Such RSUs become available, subject to time-based vesting conditions if, and to the extent that, financial performance criteria for the applicable period are achieved. Accordingly, the number of RSUs earned will vary based on the level of achievement of financial performance objectives for the applicable period. Until such time that our financial performance can ultimately be determined, each quarter we estimate the number of RSUs to be earned based on an evaluation of the probability of achieving the financial performance objectives. Such estimates are revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods when the underlying factors change our evaluation of the probability of achieving the financial performance objectives. Accordingly, stock-based 60 Table of Contents compensation expense associated with performance-based RSUs may differ significantly from the amount recorded in the current period. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based compensation awards represents management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. As a result, if factors change and we use different assumptions, our stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. As there was no public market for our common units prior to the Business Combination, the estimated fair value of our Class C Units had been determined based on enterprise valuations performed by management with the assistance of a third-party valuation firm. The third-party valuations of our common units were prepared in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants’ Accounting and Valuation Guide, Valuation of Privately-Held-Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation (the “Practice Guide”), which prescribes several valuation approaches for determining the value of an enterprise, such as the cost, market, and income approaches, and various methodologies for allocating the value of an enterprise to its capital structure and specifically the common stock. In accordance with the Practice Guide, the following methods of valuation were considered: • Option Pricing Method (“OPM”) – The OPM estimates the value of the common equity using the various inputs in the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The OPM treats the rights of the holders of common units as equivalent to that of call options on any value of the enterprise above certain break points of value based upon the liquidation preferences of the holders of our preferred units, as well as their rights to participation. Thus, the value of the common units can be determined by estimating the value of its portion of each of these call option rights. Under this method, the common units have value only if the funds available for distribution to the common unitholders exceed the value of the liquidation preferences of the preferred unitholders at the time of a liquidity event, such as a merger or sale. Given that the common unit represents a non-marketable equity interest in a private enterprise, an adjustment to the preliminary value estimates is made to account for the lack of liquidity that a unitholder experiences. This adjustment is commonly referred to as a discount for lack of marketability. • Probability-Weighted Expected Return Method (“PWERM”) – The PWERM is a scenario-based analysis that estimates the value per unit based on the probability-weighted present value of expected future investment returns, considering each of the possible outcomes considered by us, as well as the economic and control rights of each class of units. • Hybrid Method (“Hybrid Method”) – The Hybrid Method is a weighted-average method that combines elements of both the OPM and PWERM methods. Weighting allocations are assigned to the OPM and PWERM methods factoring in possible future liquidity events. The OPM was utilized for the independent third-party valuation of our Class C Units as of September 26, 2020. Subsequently, because of our improved visibility into the timing of a potential initial public offering (“IPO”), the Hybrid Method was utilized for the independent third-party valuation of our Class C Units beginning in the third fiscal quarter of 2021. Equity value for each liquidity event scenario utilized under the Hybrid Method valuation was weighted based on a probability of each event’s occurrence. In our Hybrid Method, two types of future event scenarios were considered: an IPO and a non-IPO scenario accounting for all other potential future exits. Under both scenarios, the enterprise value was determined using a combination of the income approach, specifically a discounted cash flow analysis, and the market approach, specifically the similar transactions method and public company market multiple method. The relative probabilities between the future exit scenarios were based on an analysis of performance and market conditions at the time, including then-current IPO valuations of similarly situated companies and expectations as to the timing and likely prospects of future event scenarios. As the Class C Units contained a redemption feature outside of our control, the Class C Units were classified outside of permanent members’ deficit and the carrying value of Class C Units was adjusted to redemption value at each reporting period through a charge to members’ deficit (until such time as the Class C Units were redeemed or forfeited). As noted above, in connection with the Business Combination, the Class C Units were converted into Common Stock using an exchange ratio of 58.15 per share. Value Appreciation Units (“VAP Units”) may be exercised for a cash payment equal to the appreciation in the fair market value of 1/100th of a Class C Unit and are subject to three exercisability triggers before any vested award may be exercised, with the achievement of each trigger allowing one third of the vested award to be exercised. Because the VAP 61 Table of Contents Units are settleable in cash, they are treated as liability classified awards. Accordingly, the carrying value of the liability is adjusted to fair value at each reporting period through a charge to earnings (until such time as the VAP Units are settled or forfeited). Further, the exercisability triggers noted above represent performance conditions that impact the vesting of the awards. Accordingly, compensation expense is not recognized until such time as the performance conditions are considered probable of achievement. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, all outstanding VAP Units were converted into restricted stock units, and treated as a modification in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation , which resulted in a charge to additional paid-in capital of $24.4 million. Warrant Transactions Warrants to purchase units accounted for as equity instruments represent the warrants issued to Walmart and Sunlight as discussed in Note 21, Stock -Based Compensation and Warrant Units . We have previously adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update 2019-08, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718) and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2019-08”), which requires entities to measure and classify share-based payment awards granted to a customer by applying the guidance under Topic 718. In order to calculate warrant charges, we utilized both the Monte Carlo simulation model and the Black-Scholes pricing model, which required key inputs including volatility and risk-free interest rate and certain unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring us to develop our own assumptions. We estimated the fair value of unvested warrants, considered to be probable of vesting, at the time. Based on that estimated fair value, we determined warrant charges, which are recorded as a reduction of the transaction price. Income Taxes Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when we believe that it is more-likely- than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Significant judgment is required in estimating valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. The realization of a deferred tax asset ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income in the applicable carryback or carryforward periods. We consider the nature, frequency, and severity of current and cumulative losses as well as the reversal of existing deferred tax liabilities, historical and forecasted taxable income (exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards) in our assessment. In evaluating such projections, we consider our history of profitability and cumulative earnings/losses, the competitive environment, and general economic conditions. In addition, we consider the timeframe over which it would take to utilize the deferred tax assets prior to their expiration. To the extent we determine that, based on the weight of available evidence, all or a portion of our valuation allowance is no longer necessary, we will recognize the change in the period such determination occurs. It is possible that such change to our valuation allowance could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations and/or financial position. Changes in existing tax laws or rates could affect our actual tax results, and future business results may affect the amount of our deferred tax liabilities or the valuation of our deferred tax assets over time. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, particularly with respect to changes in facts and circumstances in future reporting periods, it is possible that actual results could differ from the estimates used in previous analyses. Differences between the anticipated and actual outcomes of these future results could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations and/or financial position. ASC 740 prescribes a two-step approach for the recognition and measurement of tax benefits associated with the positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return that affect amounts reported in the financial statements. We have reviewed and will continue to review the conclusions reached regarding uncertain tax positions, which may be subject to review and adjustment at a later date based on ongoing analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof. To the extent that our assessment of the conclusions reached regarding uncertain tax positions changes as a result of the evaluation of new information, such change in estimate will be recorded in the period in which such determination is made. We report income tax-related interest and penalties relating to uncertain tax positions, if applicable, as a component of income tax expense. Tax Receivable Agreement We entered into the TRA with Legacy Warehouse Holders that provides for the payment by the Company to the Legacy Warehouse Holders of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the Company realizes, or is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions), as a result of (i) the existing tax basis in certain assets of New Symbotic Holdings that is allocable to the relevant New Symbotic Holdings Common Units, (ii) any step-up in tax basis in New Symbotic Holdings’ assets resulting from the relevant Exchanges and certain distributions (if any) by New Symbotic Holdings and payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement, and (iii) tax benefits related to imputed interest deemed to be paid by us as a result of payments under 62 Table of Contents the Tax Receivable Agreement. We record liabilities for amounts payable under the TRA in the period in which the payment is deemed to be probable. Payments made under the TRA represent payments that otherwise would have been made to taxing authorities in the absence of attributes obtained by us as a result of exchanges by the Legacy Warehouse Holders. Such amounts will be paid only when a cash tax savings is realized as a result of attributes subject to the TRA. That is, payments under the TRA are only expected to be made in periods following the filing of a tax return in which we are able to utilize certain tax benefits to reduce our cash taxes paid to a taxing authority. Amounts payable under the TRA are contingent upon, among other things, the generation of future taxable income. The projection of future taxable income involves significant judgment. In projecting future taxable income, we consider our historical results and incorporate certain assumptions including our growth rate and the amount, character, and timing of the taxable income in the future. Actual taxable income may differ from our estimates, which could significantly impact the liability under the TRA. The impact of any changes in the projected obligations under the TRA as a result of changes in the geographic mix of our earnings, changes in tax legislation and tax rates or other factors that may impact our tax savings will be reflected in income before taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the change occurs. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements: As of September 28, 2024, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Instruction 8 to Item 303(b) of Regulation S-K. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements See Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of recently adopted accounting standards. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements See Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of certain recently issued accounting standards which may impact our financial statements in future reporting periods.