Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Item
2. Management’s Discussion Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
The
following discussion will assist you in understanding our financial position,
liquidity, and results of operations. The information below should be
read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, and the
related notes to consolidated financial statements. Our discussion contains both
historical and forward-looking information. We assess the risks and
uncertainties about our business, long-term strategy, and financial condition
before we make any forward-looking statements, but we cannot guarantee that
our assessment is accurate or that our goals and projections can or will be met.
Statements concerning results of future exploration, exploitation,
development, and acquisition expenditures as well as expense and reserve levels
are forward-looking statements. We make assumptions about commodity prices,
drilling results, production costs, administrative expenses, and interest costs
that we believe are reasonable based on currently available
information.
Critical Estimates and Accounting
Policies
We
prepare our consolidated financial statements in this report using accounting
principles that are generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). GAAP
represents a comprehensive set of accounting and disclosure rules and
requirements. We must make judgments, estimates, and in certain
circumstances, choices between acceptable GAAP alternatives as we apply
these rules and requirements, which may affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from
those estimates.
The most
critical estimate we use is the engineering estimate of proved oil and gas
reserves. This estimate affects the application of the full cost method of
accounting, the calculation of depreciation and depletion of oil and gas
properties and the estimate of the impairment of our oil and gas properties.
It also affects the estimated lives of our assets used to determine asset
retirement obligations.
Full Cost Method
Accounting
We use
the full cost method of accounting for oil and gas producing activities. Our
costs incurred in connection with the acquisition, exploration for and
development of petroleum and natural gas reserves are capitalized. Such costs
include lease acquisition, geological and geophysical activities, rentals on
non-producing leases, drilling, completing and equipping of oil and gas wells
and administrative costs directly attributable to those activities and asset
retirement costs.
Sales of Oil and Gas
Properties
Proceeds
from the sale of properties are applied against capitalized costs, without any
gain or loss being recognized, unless such a sale would significantly alter the
rate of depletion and depreciation.
Depreciation and Depletion of Oil and
Gas Properties
Depletion
of exploration and development costs and depreciation of production equipment is
provided using the unit-of-production method based upon estimated proven oil and
gas reserves. The costs of significant unevaluated properties are excluded from
costs subject to depletion. For depletion and depreciation purposes, relative
volumes of oil and gas production and reserves are converted at the equivalent
conversion based upon relative energy content.
Ceiling Test
In
applying the full cost method, we perform an annual ceiling test whereby the
carrying value of oil and gas properties and production equipment, net of
recorded future income taxes and the accumulated provision for site restoration
and abandonment costs, is compared annually to an estimate of future net cash
flow from the production of proven reserves. Costs related to undeveloped oil
and gas properties are excluded from the ceiling tests. Discounted net cash
flow, utilizing a 10% discount rate, is estimated using year end prices, less
estimated future general and administrative expenses, financing costs and income
taxes. Should this comparison indicate an excess carrying value, the excess is
charged against earnings. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, no
impairment of oil and gas properties was indicated.
Asset Retirement
Obligations
We record
a liability for legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible
long-lived assets in the period in which they are incurred in
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No.
143 “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations.” Under this method, when
liabilities for dismantlement and abandonment costs (ARO) are initially
recorded, the carrying amount of the related oil and natural gas properties are
increased. Accretion of the liability is recognized each period using the
interest method of allocation, and the capitalized cost is depleted over the
useful life of the related asset. Revisions to such estimates are recorded
as adjustments to the ARO, capitalized asset retirement costs and charges to
operations during the periods in which they become known. At the time the
abandonment cost is incurred, we will be required to recognize a gain or loss if
the actual costs do not equal the estimated costs included in
ARO.
Concentrations of Credit
Risk
We sold
all of our oil and natural gas production to two customers in
2007.
We
maintain our cash in bank deposit accounts which, at times, may exceed federally
insured limits. Accounts are guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $100,000. At March 31, 2007 all of our cash deposits
were within FDIC insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such
accounts.
Revenue
and Cost Recognition
We use
the sales method to account for sales of crude oil and natural gas. Under this
method, revenues are recognized based on actual volumes of oil and gas sold to
purchasers. The volumes sold may differ from the volumes to which we are
entitled based on our interest in the properties. These differences
create imbalances which are recognized as a liability only when the imbalance
exceeds the estimate of remaining reserves. We had no imbalances as
of December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008. Costs associated with
production are expensed in the period incurred.
Cash and cash
equivalents
Cash and
cash equivalents include cash in banks and liquid deposit with maturities of
three months or less.
Fair Value of Financial
Instruments
The
carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued
expenses and other liabilities approximates fair value due to the short term
maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of the notes payable,
convertible notes and convertible debentures approximate their fair value as
December 31, 2007 and 2006.
Property and
Equipment
Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line
basis over the estimated useful lives of three to five years.
Stock-based
compensation
On
January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment”. SFAS 123(R)
replaced SFAS No. 123 and supersedes APB Opinion No. 25. SFAS 123(R)
requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee
stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their
fair values.
Loss per share
Basic net
loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average
number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per
common share is determined using the weighted-average number of common shares
outstanding during the period, adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock
equivalents. In periods when losses are reported, the weighted-average number of
common shares outstanding excludes common stock equivalents, because their
inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
Standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows
The
standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows relies on these
estimates of oil and gas reserves using commodity prices and costs
which existed at year-end. In our 2007 year-end reserve report, we used the
December 31, 2007 WTI Cushing spot price of $96.01 per Bbl and Henry Hub spot
natural gas price of $7.465 per MMbtu, adjusted by property for energy
content, quality, transportation fees, and regional price differentials. The
weighted average price over the lives of the properties was $88.45 per Bbl
for oil and $6.00 per Mcf for gas. While we believe that future operating costs
can be reasonably estimated, future prices are difficult to estimate since
market prices are influenced by events beyond our control. Future global
economic and political events will most likely result in significant
fluctuations in future oil prices, while future U.S. natural gas prices will
continue to be influenced by primarily domestic market factors, including supply
and demand, weather patterns and public policy.
Income taxes
Income
taxes are accounted for using the asset/liability method of income tax
allocation. Future income taxes are recognized for the future income tax
consequences attributable to differences between the carrying values of assets
and liabilities and their respective income tax bases. Future income tax assets
and liabilities are measured using income tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered
or settled. The effect on future income tax assets and liabilities of a change
in income tax rates is included in earnings in the period that such change in
income tax rates is enacted. Future income tax assets are recorded in the
financial statements if realization is considered more likely than
not.
Business
Strategy
USA
Superior Energy Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) is focused on acquiring, owning,
operating and applying enhanced oil recovery (“EOR”) techniques to existing
shallow fields of oil and gas. The Company performs complete workover
and stimulation services in these existing fields to restart or substantially
increase production. It utilizes state-of-the-art workover and shallow-well
drilling techniques in these fields including new and innovative technologies
under development by the Company. These new technologies include
specialized shallow-well cased hole horizontal drilling (“CHHD”) and nitrogen
(“N2”) injection which will be utilized to increase production volumes and
reserve recoverability from the Company’s projects. Currently, the Company is
involved in developing, owning and operating energy projects and prospects in
East, Central and South Texas and currently has active projects and prospects in
Bastrop, Caldwell, Navarro and Zavalla counties. These fields are known as the
Bateman Project in Bastrop and Caldwell Counties (comprised of the Bateman Field
and part of the adjacent Dale McBride Field), the Benton Field in Navarro County
and the Del Monte Prospect in Zavalla County.
Going
Concern
The
report of our independent registered public accounting firm on the financial
statements for the year ended December 31, 2007, includes an explanatory
paragraph indicating substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going
concern. We incurred a net loss of $553,402 for the quarter ended March 31, 2008
and have a working capital deficit of $777,368 at March 31, 2008, excluding
prepaid expenses relating primarily to services paid for with common
stock. We require significant additional funding to sustain our
operations and satisfy our contractual obligations for our planned oil and gas
exploration and development operations. Our ability to establish the Company as
a going concern is dependent upon our ability to obtain additional financing, in
order to fund our planned operations and ultimately, to achieve profitable
operations.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our main
sources of liquidity and capital resources for the quarter ended March 31, 2008
were cash flows from operations and draw down of our cash balances. During the
quarter, we entered into a financing arrangement with our oil purchasing
customers which allows for immediate payment on barrels delivered. While this
may reduce the price we might otherwise receive for our production, we have been
able to accelerate cash flow from revenues to enhance or liquidity by receiving
cash upon the delivery of our barrels.
During
the quarter ended March 31, 2008, net cash flow used by operating activities
increased by $[541,000] to $[687,000], as compared to $[146,000] for our [2006
fiscal year], primarily because of our increased operating and general and
administrative expenses only partially offset by increased revenues received
during the year. We expect our cash flow provided by operations to
continue to increase during 2008, mainly due to increased oil and natural
production resulting from our existing properties. The Bastrop
and Caldwell County properties were acquired in 2007 and were shut in for a
portion of that year. We expect to receive a full year of revenue
from these wells in 2008.
Excluding
the effects of significant unforeseen expenses or other income, our cash flow
from operations fluctuates primarily because of variations in oil and gas
production rates and in commodity prices. In addition, our oil and gas
production from either of our properties may be curtailed due
to weather-related factors beyond our control. In addition, maintenance
activities on, or damage to, major pipelines or processing facilities can also
cause us to shut-in production for undetermined lengths of
time.
Our
realized oil and gas prices vary significantly due to world political events,
supply and demand for products, product storage levels, and
weather patterns, among other factors. We sell 100% of our production at
spot market prices. Accordingly, product price volatility will affect our cash
flow from operations.
We
incurred capital expenditures totaling approximately $[442,000] during the
quarter ended March 31, 2008. The capital expenditures primarily related to
capitalizable costs associated with the Bateman Project. We
anticipate making additional capital expenditures of approximately $4,000,000
over the next several years to drill additional wells on our existing
properties. The remainder of our 2008 capital budget will be
funded from a combination of our cash flow from operations, our cash and cash
equivalents and the proceeds from offerings of debt and/or equity
securities.
The
required principal payments on our notes and debentures are as follows as of
December 31, 2007:
2008
$ 618,000
2009
$ 237,000
2010
$ 558,000
2011
$ 37,000
$ 1,450,000
Changes
in our working capital accounts from 2007 to 2008 include an increase in
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities by $[169,000] to $[327,000] at March
31, 2008 due to the increase in operating activities. Current notes
payable increased to $372,403 from a $347,762 at December 31, 2007 due to
accrual on our various borrowings.
On March
31, 2008, our current liabilities exceeded our current assets by $777,368,
excluding prepaid expenses relating primarily to services paid for with common
stock. While we expect to achieve positive cash flow from operations during
2008, we will require additional funding in order to complete our plans to
develop additional wells on existing properties.
Results
of Operations
Revenue
We
produced [3,854] barrels of oil and recognized revenue of $115,563 during the
quarter ended March 31, 2008, an increase of _____ barrels and $100,120 over
2007, primarily because we had a full quarter of production from the Bateman
Project which was acquired in late in the first quarter of 2007 and because we
realized significantly higher prices for our production.
Lease
operating expense and production taxes
Our
production costs totaled $89,495 during the quarter ended March 31, 2008, an
increase of $70,732 over 2007, primarily because we had a full quarter of
production from the Bateman Project which was acquired in late in the first
quarter of 2007.
Accretion
of asset retirement obligation
Accretion
expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 was $[8,000], as compared to
$[1,000] for same quarter in 2007. This reflects our acquisition of
the Bastrop and Caldwell County properties during the first quarter of
2007.
Depletion, depreciation and
amortization (DD&A) For our quarter ended March 31, 2008, we
recorded DD&A expense of $21,243, after having recorded only $1,069 of
DD&A expense during the first quarter of 2007. Virtually all of this
expense was attributable to depletion of our oil and gas properties, which
were acquired during the first quarter of 2007.
General
and administrative expense (G&A expense)
General
and administrative expense for the quarter ended March, 31 2008 decreased
$2,858,580 from the comparable 2007 period to $516,505. The largest portion of
the reduction came from a decrease in stock based compensation of
$[5,680,000] from the same period in 2007 which related to the reverse merger
and compensation of key employees and consultants. The other major
component of general and administrative costs for the quarter ended March 31,
2008 included salaries of $[361,000].
Other
income (expense)
Other
income (expense) for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 was incurred interest
expense of $41,722 during the quarter. We incurred no interest
expense during the same quarter in 2007 because the acquisition of the Bateman
project and related financing occurred at the end of the first quarter of
2007.
Net
loss
For the
quarter ended March 31, 2008, our net loss decreased to $553,402, compared to
our same quarter 2007 net loss of $3,379,474. The major components of the
first quarter 2008 loss were general and administrative expenses of $516,505
including stock based compensation of $[5,680,000].
New
Accounting Pronouncements
USA
Superior does not expect the adoption of recently issued accounting
pronouncements to have a significant impact on their results of operations,
financial position or cash flows
Item
3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
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