NIOCORP DEVELOPMENTS LTD 10-K

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The management of NioCorp Developments Ltd. has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2025. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and the CFO have concluded that, as of June 30, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below. Notwithstanding the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, our CEO and CFO have concluded that the audited consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that: (i) information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit to the SEC under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in applicable rules and forms and (ii) material information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the CEO and the CFO, as appropriate, to allow for accurate and timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Management does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. The effectiveness of our or any system of disclosure controls and procedures, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance that the objectives of the system will be met and is subject to certain limitations, including the exercise of judgment in designing, implementing, and evaluating controls and procedures and the assumptions used in identifying the likelihood of future events. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting The management of NioCorp Developments Ltd. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act for the Company. Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2025. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO Framework”). Based on that evaluation, the CEO and the CFO have concluded that, as of June 30, 2025, our internal control over financial reporting was not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below. Material Weaknesses A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Management concluded that the material weaknesses disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, continued to exist as of June 30, 2025. Specifically, management identified deficiencies in the principles associated with the control environment, risk assessment, control activities, and monitoring components of internal control, based on the criteria established by the COSO Framework, that constitute material weaknesses, either individually or in the aggregate. 85 ● Control Environment: The Company does not have sufficient personnel with the appropriate levels of knowledge, experience, and training in accounting and internal control over financial reporting commensurate with the complexity of the Company’s financing transactions and associated reporting requirements. This material weakness contributed to additional material weaknesses further described below. ● Risk Assessment: The Company does not have a formal process to identify, update, and assess financial reporting risks due to changes in the Company’s business practices, including entering into increasingly complex transactions that could significantly impact the design and operation of the Company’s control activities. ● Control Activities: Management did not maintain effective controls over: ○ monitoring and assessing the work of third-party specialists, including the evaluation of the appropriateness of accounting conclusions, ○ the evaluation of certain inputs and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of instruments and features associated with complex debt and equity transactions, and ○ the design and implementation of effective process-level control activities related to vendor banking information. ● Monitoring Activities: Management did not appropriately: ○ select, develop, and perform ongoing evaluation to ascertain whether the components of internal controls are present and functioning, and ○ evaluate and communicate internal control deficiencies in a timely manner to those parties responsible for taking corrective action. As previously disclosed, these material weaknesses resulted in errors that required the restatement of Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, as well as the restatement of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the interim periods ended September 30, 2021, December 31, 2021, March 31, 2022, September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2022. Additionally, these material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of the account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or timely detected. Remediation Plan To address our material weaknesses existing as of June 30, 2025, we have implemented a detailed plan to address each individual material weakness identified, including the following: ● We have, and will continue, to engage outside accounting and internal control consultants with subject matter expertise to supplement our level of knowledge, experience, and training in accounting and internal control over financial reporting. ● We have developed a formal risk assessment process requiring periodic review and updates of current risks and internal controls, as well as a focus on potential future events that could result in additional risks and/or internal control lapses. This process is expected to enable us to effectively identify, develop, evolve, and implement controls and procedures to address risks, and results of this risk assessment process will be reviewed with the Audit Committee on a periodic basis. ● We have developed an initial training plan to provide incremental training to accounting and finance personnel responsible for overall technical accounting and valuation-related transactions. ● Management is developing a monitoring program to periodically evaluate and assess whether those responsible for controls are conducting their activities in accordance with their design, such that there is contemporaneous evidence that the controls are present and functioning and will communicate internal control deficiencies in a timely manner to those parties responsible for taking corrective action. 86 The process of designing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting is a continuous effort that requires management to anticipate and react to changes in our business, economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources. As we continue to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, we may take additional actions to remediate the material weaknesses or modify the remediation actions described above. While we continue to devote significant time and attention to these remediation efforts, the material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until management completes the design and implementation of the actions described above and the controls operate for a sufficient period of time, and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are effective. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting Other than as discussed above, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2025, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, no director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K). ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTION Not applicable. 87 PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Directors and Executive Officers The following table sets forth as of September 11, 2025, the names and ages of, and position or positions held by, our executive officers and directors, the employment background of these persons, and any directorships held by the current directors during the last five years. Name Age Position Date of Appointment Mark A. Smith 66 Chief Executive Officer, President, Executive Chairman, and Director Chief Executive Officer and Director: September 23, 2013 President and Executive Chairman: May 31, 2015 Neal Shah 51 Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary Chief Financial Officer: July 1, 2016 Corporate Secretary: December 3, 2021 Scott Honan 54 Chief Operating Officer May 6, 2014 Jim Sims 64 Chief Communications Officer November 2, 2015 Ernest Cleave 55 Senior Vice President of Business Development August 15, 2025 David C. Beling 84 Director June 6, 2011 Anthony W. Fulton 52 Director August 9, 2025 Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon 64 Director September 28, 2017 Dean C. Kehler 68 Director March 17, 2023 Michael G. Maselli 65 Director March 17, 2023 Peter Oliver 62 Director May 25, 2022 The following sets forth a brief description of the business experience of each executive officer and director of the Company, including current directorships and directorships held in, at least, the past five years for each director: Mark A. Smith – Executive Chairman, Director, President, and Chief Executive Officer Mr. Smith has over 43 years of experience in operating, developing, and financing mining and strategic materials projects in the Americas and abroad. In September 2013, he was appointed CEO and a Director of NioCorp. From April 2015 to September 2019, Mr. Smith served as the President and Director for Largo Resources Ltd. (“Largo”), a mineral company with an operating property in Brazil and projects in Brazil and Canada. In addition, from April 2015 to October 2018, Mr. Smith also served as the CEO of Largo. Mr. Smith has also served on the board of directors of IBC Advanced Alloys Corp., a leading beryllium and copper advanced alloys company (“IBC”), since May 2016 and as CEO of IBC since July 2020. From October 2008 through December 2012, Mr. Smith served as President, CEO and Director of Molycorp, Inc., a rare earths producer (“Molycorp”), where he was instrumentally involved in taking it from a private company to a publicly traded company with a producing mine. From November 2011 through May 2015, he served on the board of directors at Avanti Mining, a mining company (TSX-V: AVT; Avanti Mining changed its name to AlloyCorp in early 2015). From December 2012 through September 2013, he served as the Managing Director of KMSmith LLC, a business strategy and finance advisory firm, where he served as a consultant. Prior to Molycorp, Mr. Smith held numerous engineering, environmental, and legal positions within Unocal Corporation, a former petroleum explorer and marketer (“Unocal”), and later served as the President and CEO of Chevron Mining Inc., a coal and metal mining company and wholly owned subsidiary of Chevron Corporation (“Chevron Mining”). Mr. Smith also served for over seven years as the shareholder representative of Companhia Brasileira Metalúrgica e Mineração (“CBMM”), a private company that currently produces approximately 85% of the world supply of niobium. During his tenure with Chevron Mining, Mr. Smith was responsible for Chevron Mining’s three coal mines, one molybdenum mine, a petroleum coke calcining operation and Molycorp’s Mountain Pass mine. At Unocal, he served as the Vice-President from June 2000 to April 2006, and managed the real estate, 88 remediation, mining and carbon divisions. Mr. Smith is a Registered Professional Engineer and serves as an active member of the State Bars of California and Colorado. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Engineering from Colorado State University in 1981 and his Juris Doctor, cum laude, from Western State University, College of Law, in 1990. Neal Shah – Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary Mr. Shah joined NioCorp in September 2014 as Vice President of Finance, and now serves as the Company’s CFO and Corporate Secretary. Mr. Shah served as Finance Manager at Covidien Ltd., a medical device company since acquired by Medtronic, from May 2014 through September 2014. From April 2011 until May 2014, he held the positions of Senior Manager of Corporate Development and M&A and more recently the Director of Strategy and Business Planning at Molycorp. Mr. Shah graduated from the University of Colorado with a BSc in Mechanical Engineering in 1996, and from Purdue University with an MBA in 2002. Since the completion of his MBA, Mr. Shah also held key finance roles with Intel Corporation and IBM. Scott Honan – Chief Operating Officer Mr. Honan joined NioCorp in May 2014 as Vice President, Business Development, and since July 2020, has served as the Company’s Chief Operating Officer (“COO”). He also serves as President of Elk Creek Resources Corporation, the NioCorp subsidiary that is developing the Elk Creek Project in Nebraska. Prior to his work at NioCorp, Mr. Honan served in several leadership capacities at Molycorp from February 2001 until May 2014, including as Vice President/Director Health, Environment, Safety and Sustainability and General Manager and Environmental Manager from July 2011 to May 2014. With over 32 years of experience in the gold and rare earth industries, Mr. Honan is a graduate of Queen’s University in Mining Engineering in both Mineral Processing (B.Sc. Honors) and Environmental Management (M.Sc.) disciplines. Jim Sims – Chief Communications Officer Mr. Sims has more than 32 years of experience in devising and executing marketing, media relations, public affairs, and investor relations operations for companies in the mining, chemical, manufacturing, utility, and renewable energy sectors. He joined NioCorp in November 2015 as Vice President, External Affairs, and now serves as its Chief Communications Officer, effective June 7, 2022. Prior to NioCorp, Mr. Sims served for more than five years as Director (and then Vice President) of Corporate Communications for Molycorp from March 2010 through November 2015. Since May 2016, Mr. Sims has also served as Director of Investor and Public Relations for IBC. Mr. Sims was President and CEO of Policy Communications, Inc. from 1998 until 2010 and served as White House Director of Communications for the Energy Policy Development Group. A former U.S. Senate Chief of Staff, he is the co-founder and former Executive Director of the Geothermal Energy Association, and he has served as Board Chairman of the Rare Earth Technology Alliance. He is an honors graduate of Georgetown University. Ernest Cleave – Senior Vice President of Business Development Mr. Cleave joined NioCorp in August 2025 as Senior Vice President of Business Development. Mr. Cleave has more than 20 years of experience in the mining, mineral processing, and energy industries. Prior to his work at NioCorp, Mr. Cleave served as the President and CEO of Tinova Resources Corp., a critical minerals exploration company, from June 2024 to August 2025. From September 2013 to June 2024, Mr. Cleave served as the Chief Financial Officer of Largo Inc., a supplier of vanadium and ilmenite products. Additionally, Mr. Cleave served as the Interim President of Largo Clean Energy Corp. (a subsidiary of Largo Inc.) from November 2022 to June 2023. Mr. Cleave’s career has also spanned leadership positions in several other mining and energy companies, including as Chief Financial Officer of Cline Mining, Chief Financial Officer of Petrolympic, Global Lead of Sarbanes-Oxley Compliance at Glencore (previously Falconbridge), and Treasurer and Director of Financial Planning and Analysis at Goldcorp. Mr. Cleave is a Chartered Accountant (AUS & NZL) and is a registered CPA in both Canada and Australia. Mr. Cleave earned his M.B.A. from Deakin University of Victoria, Australia and has undergraduate degrees in computational science and commerce, respectively. David C. Beling – Director Mr. Beling is a Registered Professional Mining Engineer with 61 years of project and corporate experience. He has served as a director on the boards of 14 mining companies starting in 1981, including NioCorp since 2011. Mr. Beling is the owner of D.C. Beling & Assoc., LLC, which provides strategic advisory, project, and corporate development services to the mining industry. His previous employment and consulting included 14 years with five major mining companies and then 47 years with 30+ U.S. and Canadian junior mining companies. He was the President, CEO, and Director of Bullfrog Gold Corp. from 2011 until October 2020; and the Executive Vice President 89 and COO of Geovic Mining Corp. from 2004 through 2010. Mr. Beling has examined, significantly reviewed, or been directly involved with 91 underground mines, 136 open pit mines, and 174 process plants in the global metal, energy, industrial mineral, and critical minerals sectors. Anthony W. Fulton – Director A former Nebraska State Senator and successful business entrepreneur, Mr. Fulton previously served on the Board from 2013 until 2016, when he left to serve as Nebraska Tax Commissioner and Director of the Nebraska Department of Revenue, a 400-employee, $9 billion enterprise from January 2016 to December 2022. A mechanical engineer by training, Mr. Fulton has been the President of the Nevada-based Hallmark Homecare, LLC, an independent domestic caregiver referral agency since May 2023 and is the Founder and Owner of Guardian Angels Homecare, Inc. of Lincoln, Nebraska, an in-home senior care company, where he has served as the President and CEO since March 2003. In addition to his work in the senior care industry, Mr. Fulton serves as the Chairman of the Diocesan Finance Council for the Catholic Diocese of Lincoln (Southern Nebraska) and is the recipient of numerous awards throughout his professional career. He received his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, with studies in Philosophy at Newman University in Wichita, Kansas and Theology at Mount Saint Mary’s University in Emmittsburg, Maryland. Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon – Director A former CFO and Controller for global corporations in the technology, energy, and government sectors, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon provides consulting services to domestic and international corporations as the principal at NGM Business Consulting, LLC. In addition, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon was appointed to the Board of FinGoal, Inc. in April 2022, a finance technology company building artificial intelligence tools for the financial services industry and other financial technology developers. She also serves as the Chair of the Finance and Audit Committee for the Financial Data Exchange (“FDX”). FDX unifies the financial industry around a common standard for secure and convenient access of permissioned consumer and business financial data. From 2014 to 2019, she served as the Vice Chair of the Board and Chaired the Strategy Committee for the Mountains & North Denver Operating Group, the largest division in the Common Spirit Health System (formerly Centura Health). From 2009 to 2025, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon served as a gubernatorial appointed Board Member of the State of Colorado Securities Commission and the Financial Services Commission. Among other prior positions, from 2004 to 2007, she was the Global Services Controller at Microsoft Corporation, overseeing internal controls, compliance and corporate finance activities. Ms. Guerrero-Mahon stays current with the latest Corporate Governance practices serving as a member of the Nasdaq Center for Board Excellence. She is an NACD Board Leadership Fellow and a member of the SASB Alliance. She holds a CERT Certificate in Cybersecurity Oversight from Carnegie Mellon University. Ms. Guerrero-Mahon is a Certified Public Accountant and a Certified Fraud Examiner. She received an Executive MBA from the Daniels College of Business at the University of Denver, a BS in Business Administration - Accounting from the Interamerican University in San Juan, Puerto Rico, and an AS in Computer Science from the EDP University of Puerto Rico. Peter Oliver – Director With a background in chemistry, Mr. Oliver began working at Greenbushes, Western Australia, for Sons of Gwalia, a mining company, in May 2003. After Sons of Gwalia went into administration in 2004, Mr. Oliver was hired by Talison Lithium Limited (“Talison”), a mining company, where he served as General Manager of Talison’s Greenbushes and Wodgina Mines and as Talison’s COO, until Mr. Oliver was appointed as the CEO/Managing director. As Talison’s CEO/Managing director, Mr. Oliver led the listing of Talison on the Toronto Stock Exchange in September 2010. Mr. Oliver guided Talison through its acquisition in 2013 by Tianqi Lithium Corporation (“Tianqi”). He then served as a corporate adviser to Tianqi, focusing on M&A opportunities and global expansion, including advising on the sale of 49% of Talison to Albermarle Corp. and the acquisition of 24% of Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile S.A., as well as significant expansions of Talison’s Greenbushes lithium concentrate production. Mr. Oliver also was a founding member of Tianqi Lithium Energy Australia Pty Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tianqi, which was established to build a major Lithium Hydroxide manufacturing facility in Western Australia. Until June 2021, Mr. Oliver remained as a director of Talison, a joint venture between Tianqi and Albemarle Corp. In September 2022, Mr. Oliver was appointed to the Board of Latin Resources, a lithium exploration company in Australia. Mr. Oliver was appointed to the role of Executive Director of Latin Resources in 2024 and helped lead the successful acquisition of Latin Resources by Pilbara Minerals LTD (ASX: PLS) in March 2025. 90 Dean C. Kehler – Director Mr. Kehler co-founded Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C. (“Trimaran Fund”) in 1998, where he is a Managing Partner, and serves as a Manager of Trimaran Fund II. Mr. Kehler was also the Co-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of GX Acquisition Corp. II, a position he held from August 2018 to March 2023. From 1995 to 2000, Mr. Kehler held senior positions at Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (“CIBC”), including Vice Chairman of CIBC World Markets Corp. Mr. Kehler currently serves on the Board of Directors of BCP Investment Corporation (formerly Portman Ridge Finance Corporation). Within the last five years, he has served a director of Celularity Inc. and El Pollo Loco Holdings, Inc. He holds a bachelor’s degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Michael G. Maselli – Director Mr. Maselli is a managing director of Trimaran Fund, a position he has held since 2006, and was the President of Acquisitions of GX Acquisition Corp. II from August 2018 to March 2023. Before joining Trimaran Fund in February 2006, Mr. Maselli worked in the Corporate and Leverage Finance Groups of CIBC World Markets. Prior to joining CIBC in 1997, Mr. Maselli served as a Managing Director in Bear Stearns’ corporate finance group and, prior to that, as a Vice President at Kidder Peabody & Co. Incorporated. Mr. Maselli served on the board of directors of El Pollo Loco Holdings from 2010 to 2024, and he served as their Chairman of the Board from 2011 to 2023. He served on the board of ChanceLight, Inc. (f/k/a Educational Services of America, Inc.) until 2018. From 2013 to 2015, he served on the board of directors of Norcraft Companies, Inc., and also served on the board of managers of its predecessor company beginning in 2003. Additionally, Mr. Maselli served on the board of directors of Standard Steel, LLC, and was director as well as Chairman of the Board of CB Holding Corp. Mr. Maselli received an MBA with distinction from The A.B. Freeman School at Tulane University and a bachelor’s degree in economics from the University of Colorado. Other Directorships The following is a list of directorships held over the past five years by our directors. Except as listed below, no directors of the Company are also directors of reporting issuers. Name of Director Other Reporting Issuer (or equivalent) Exchange David C. Beling Bullfrog Gold CSE Mark A. Smith IBC Advanced Alloys Corp. TSX-V Peter Oliver Latin Resources ASX Dean C. Kehler El Pollo Loco Holdings, Inc. BCP Investment Corporation Celularity Inc. GX Acquisition Corp. II Nasdaq Nasdaq Nasdaq Nasdaq Michael G. Maselli El Pollo Loco Holdings, Inc. Nasdaq Legal Proceedings No director or executive officer of the Company is a party adverse to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or has a material interest adverse to the Company or any of its subsidiaries. During the past ten years, none of the persons serving as executive officers and/or directors of the Company and, with respect to promoters or control persons, for the past five years, none have been the subject matter of any of the legal proceedings that are required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K. Further, no such legal proceedings are believed to be contemplated by governmental authorities against any director or executive officer. Ethical Business Conduct The Board expects management to operate the business of the Company in a manner that enhances shareholder value and is consistent with the highest level of integrity. Management is expected to execute the Company’s business plan and to meet performance goals and objectives according to the highest ethical standards. 91 In addition, directors and senior officers are bound by the provisions of the Company’s Articles and the British Columbia Business Corporations Act (“BCBCA”), which set forth how any conflicts of interest are to be dealt with. In particular, any director who has a material interest in a particular transaction is required to disclose such interest and to refrain from voting with respect to the approval of any such transaction. Insider Trading Policy We have insider trading policies and procedures, as described below, applicable to our directors, officers, and employees, and have implemented processes for the Company, that we believe are reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules, and regulations, and the Nasdaq listing standards. The Board has adopted an insider trading policy (the “Insider Trading Policy”) to help ensure, among other things: (i) that persons to whom the policy applies understand their obligations to preserve the confidentiality of “Material Nonpublic Information” (as defined in the Insider Trading Policy); (ii) strict compliance by all insiders with all requirements relating to the reporting of insider trading and with respect to trading when in possession of “Material Nonpublic Information”; and (iii) that individuals subject to scheduled and unscheduled blackout periods adhere to the restrictions on trading as set out in the Insider Trading Policy. Code of Business Conduct and Ethics Our Board has adopted a written Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to our employees, officers, and directors, including those officers responsible for financial reporting. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website at www.niocorp.com. If the Board amends the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics or grants a waiver, including an implicit waiver, from the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, the Company will disclose the information on its internet website. The waiver information will remain on the website for at least 12 months after the initial disclosure of such waiver. Given the current size of the Company workforce, and the lack of significant operations, the Board monitors compliance through periodic discussions with executive management. Audit Committee and Audit Committee Financial Experts Our Audit Committee is currently comprised of Anthony W. Fulton, Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon, Dean Kehler, and Michael Maselli, all of whom are independent directors. Our Board has determined that each of Ms. Guerrero-Mahon and Messrs. Kehler and Maselli are audit committee financial experts, as defined by the rules of the SEC. Further, all Audit Committee members are financially literate as defined in NI 52-110. The Audit Committee was established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The following table sets out the compensation for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 for the individual who served as the Company’s CEO during fiscal year 2025, as well as the Company’s two other most highly compensated executive officers other than the CEO who were serving at the end of the last fiscal year (collectively, the “named executive officers”): Fiscal 2025 Summary Compensation Table Name and Principal Position Fiscal Year Salary ($) Bonus ($) Option Awards (1) ($) Total ($) Mark A. Smith, Chief Executive Officer, President (2) 2025 $325,000 $— $126,000 $451,000 2024 325,000 — 641,250 966,250 Scott Honan, Chief Operating Officer 2025 280,000 — 84,000 364,000 2024 280,000 — 427,500 707,500 Neal Shah, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary 2025 250,000 — 84,000 334,000 2024 250,000 — 427,500 677,500 92 (1) Reflects the grant date fair value of the Options granted during the reported fiscal years. Fiscal year 2025 grants consisted of 150,000 Options for Mr. Smith and 100,000 Options for each of Messrs. Honan and Shah, in each case at an exercise price of $1.40 per share. Grant date fair values were computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are described in Note 10b in the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These Options were fully vested on the grant date (December 23, 2024) and generally remain exercisable for a period of five years after the grant date. (2) Disclosed amounts were paid to 76 Resources, LLC, an entity controlled by Mr. Smith, as further described below under “Employment Agreements and Severance Arrangements.” Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table Compensation Governance The Company’s Compensation and Organization Committee of the Board (the “Compensation Committee”) generally determines the amount of compensation for the Company’s executives, which is designed to reflect the need to provide incentives and compensation for the time and effort expended by the executives while taking into account the financial and other resources of the Company. The Compensation Committee has the authority to engage and compensate, at the expense of the Company, any outside advisor that it determines to be necessary to permit it to carry out its duties (including compensation consultants and advisors). For fiscal year 2025, however, the Compensation Committee did not engage any such advisors in connection with its activities. The Company has also determined that none of its compensation policies and practices creates any risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company. Compensation Program Design The Board, in conjunction with the Compensation Committee, determines compensation and rewards to senior management on the basis of individual and corporate performance, both in the short term and the long term, while at the same time being mindful of the responsibility that the Company has to its shareholders. In general, the Compensation Committee considers that its compensation program should be relatively simple in concept, given the current stage of the Company’s development, and that its focus should be balanced between reasonable current compensation and longer-term compensation tied to performance of the Company as a whole. For fiscal year 2025, the Compensation Committee did not establish a formal set of benchmarks or performance criteria to be met by the Company’s named executive officers; rather, the members of the Compensation Committee used their own subjective assessments of the level of success of the Company to determine, collectively, whether or not the named executive officers had successfully achieved the Company’s business plan and strategy and the degree to which they performed in that regard. The Compensation Committee also has not established any pre-determined formula for determining named executive officer compensation, either as to the amount thereof or the specific mix of compensation elements. Instead, compensation (and adjustments from time to time) is set through discussions and subjective assessments at the Compensation Committee level. Key Elements of Named Executive Officer Compensation Base Salaries The members of the Compensation Committee use their own experience and familiarity with the industry, and consider the factors described above, to determine what they believe to be reasonable base salaries for our named executive officers. The base salaries of the named executive officers are set at levels which are considered by the members of the Compensation Committee to be competitive, thereby enabling the Company to compete for and retain executives critical to the long-term success of the Company. Initially, base salaries (or, for Mr. Smith, base consulting fees) are set through negotiation when executive officers join the Company (with direct input from the Compensation Committee) and are subsequently reviewed each fiscal year to determine if adjustments are required. For fiscal year 2025, no changes were made to the named executive officers’ base salary or consulting fees levels from those in effect for fiscal year 2024. Bonus Compensation The Board has discretion, where deemed appropriate and financially affordable for the Company, to grant a cash bonus to a named executive officer based on the performance of both the individual named executive officer and the 93 Company. No cash bonuses were contemplated, approved, or paid for the named executive officers for fiscal year 2025. Option-Based Awards The incentive portion of each named executive officer’s compensation package consists primarily of Options awarded under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan. Share ownership opportunities through the grant of Options are provided to align the interests of senior management of the Company with the longer-term interests of the shareholders of the Company. The 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan is administered by the Board or Compensation Committee, and is intended to advance the interests of the Company through the attraction, motivation, and retention of officers and other key employees, directors and consultants of the Company and affiliates of the Company and to secure for the Company and its shareholders the benefits inherent in the ownership of Common Shares of the Company by officers and other key employees, directors and consultants of the Company and affiliates of the Company. Grants of Options under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan are proposed and recommended by the CEO and reviewed by the Board or Compensation Committee, or are proposed by the Board or Compensation Committee. The Board or Compensation Committee can approve, modify, or reject any proposed grants, in whole or in part. In general, the allocation of available Options among the eligible participants in the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan is on an ad hoc basis, and there is no set formula for allocating available Options, nor is there any fixed benchmark or performance criteria to be achieved in order to receive an award of or vest in Options. The Board or Compensation Committee does not consider the accounting value of any such Option grants in determining the number of Options to award to any individual, as any such “value” is an accounting measure that is not relevant to incentivizing the individual. The timing of the grants of Options is determined by the Board or Compensation Committee, and there is no regular interval for the awarding of Option grants. In general, a higher level of responsibility will result in a larger grant of Options. Because the number of Options available is limited, in general, the Board or Compensation Committee aims to have individuals at what it subjectively considers to be the same levels of responsibility holding equivalent numbers of Options, with additional grants being allocated for individuals who the Board or Compensation Committee believes are in a position to more directly affect the success of the Company through their efforts. The Board or Compensation Committee looks at the overall number of Options held by an individual (plus the exercise prices and remaining terms of existing Options and whether any previously granted Options have expired out of the money or were exercised) and takes such information into consideration when reviewing proposed new grants. After considering the CEO’s recommendations, if any, and the foregoing factors, the resulting proposed Option grant is then submitted to the Board for final approval. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Board or Compensation Committee approved all recommendations for the grant of Options proposed by management, and the named executive officers were granted the following number of Options effective December 23, 2024, each with an exercise price per share of $1.40 per share: Mr. Smith, 150,000 Options; Mr. Honan, 100,000 Options; and Mr. Shah, 100,000 Options. These Options were fully vested and exercisable on the grant date and generally remain exercisable until five years after the grant date. Employment Agreements and Severance Arrangements Agreement Regarding Mr. Smith The Company is currently a party to a Consulting Agreement with 76 Resources, LLC (an entity controlled by Mr. Smith) under which (as currently in effect, the “Smith Agreement”) 76 Resources, LLC, through Mr. Smith, performs the duties and responsibilities of the CEO of the Company and related services, for an indefinite term at a base rate of $325,000 per year as of June 30, 2025, generally payable in equal semi-monthly installments of $13,542. Any bonuses and incentive payments are payable at the discretion of the Board. Mr. Smith is eligible to receive Options under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, as determined by the Board. The Company may terminate the Smith Agreement at any time without notice or payment if (1) 76 Resources, LLC commits a material breach of the Smith Agreement (subject to a cure period in certain circumstances), (2) Mr. Smith dies or becomes permanently disabled, or (3) certain other “for cause” scenarios occur (as further described in the Smith Agreement). In the event the Smith Agreement is terminated by the Company for any other reason or if 76 94 Resources, LLC terminates the Smith Agreement on the occurrence of a Triggering Event, the Company shall pay 76 Resources, LLC a lump sum termination fee equal to the base fee in effect at the termination date as well as the average of any annual bonuses or other cash incentive payments for two calendar years immediately preceding the year the termination occurs. A Triggering Event is defined as: a substantial change in the nature of services to be performed by 76 Resources, LLC; a material breach by the Company of the Smith Agreement that is not remedied within 30 days of notice; the cessation of the Company as a going concern; the failure of the Company to pay a material amount due pursuant to the Smith Agreement within 30 days of the due date; or a material reduction in base fee or any other form of compensation payable by the Company to 76 Resources, LLC, except where all senior executives or consultants of the Company are subject to relatively similar reductions in such values. 76 Resources, LLC may terminate the Smith Agreement for a reason other than a Triggering Event on 90 days’ written notice and, should the Company immediately accept such termination notice, it shall pay 76 Resources, LLC the sum of $69,904. Should a change of control of the Company occur (as that term is defined in the Smith Agreement) and, within one year, either a Triggering Event occurs and 76 Resources, LLC terminates the Smith Agreement or 76 Resources, LLC’s engagement is terminated by the Company under circumstances that would give rise to a termination payment in the absence of a change of control, then 76 Resources, LLC shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to the base fee in effect at the termination date as well as the average of any annual bonuses or other cash payments for two calendar years immediately preceding the year the termination occurs. In the event 76 Resources, LLC is entitled to a termination payment with respect to a change of control, any Options previously granted to Mr. Smith shall become fully vested and shall remain exercisable for the original term of grant despite a termination of the services of 76 Resources, LLC. Termination payments under the Smith Agreement are generally contingent on a release of claims by 76 Resources, LLC. The Smith Agreement also includes customary confidentiality and six-month employee non-solicitation provisions. If the Smith Agreement had been terminated by the Company for any reason other than as set out in the Smith Agreement, if 76 Resources, LLC terminated the Smith Agreement on the occurrence of a Triggering Event, or had a change of control of the Company occurred and within one year, either a Triggering Event occurred and 76 Resources, LLC terminated the Smith Agreement or 76 Resources, LLC’s engagement was terminated by the Company without the occurrence of a Triggering Event for any reason other than as set out in the Smith Agreement, effective as of June 30, 2025, 76 Resources, LLC (as ultimate successor in interest to KMSmith) would have been entitled to a payment of $375,000. Agreements Regarding Messrs. Shah and Honan As previously disclosed, on September 25, 2022, in connection with our entry into the Business Combination Agreement, Messrs. Shah and Honan (the “Covered Officers”) entered into employment agreements with a United States affiliate (the “U.S. Affiliate”) of the Company (the “Employment Agreements”). The Employment Agreements became effective upon the closing of the GXII Transaction, and will continue until either the Covered Officer or the U.S. Affiliate terminates the Covered Officer’s employment for any reason. Pursuant to the Employment Agreements, Mr. Shah continues to serve as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, and Mr. Honan continues to serve as the COO of the Company and serves as President of the U.S. Affiliate. The Employment Agreement for Mr. Shah provided for an initial annual base salary of $220,000 per year, and Mr. Honan’s Employment Agreement provided for an initial annual base salary of $260,000 per year. The annual base salary rates for the Covered Officers are reviewed at least annually for potential increases. The base salary rates of Messrs. Shah and Honan were increased in fiscal 2023 to $250,000 for Mr. Shah and $280,000 for Mr. Honan. There were no increases in base salary rates for fiscal 2024 or 2025. The Employment Agreements also provide each of the Covered Officers with eligibility to participate in (1) any annual cash bonus plan and/or any long-term incentive compensation plan as may be established by the U.S. Affiliate or its affiliates, and (2) any employee benefit plan, program, or policy of the U.S. Affiliate or its affiliates as may be in effect for senior executives of the U.S. Affiliate or its affiliates generally. The Employment Agreements also include the following additional features: (1) severance benefits upon certain qualifying terminations of employment, consisting of: (a) for a qualifying termination of the Covered Officer’s employment by the U.S. Affiliate without Cause (as such term is defined in the Employment Agreements) that does not occur within two years after a Change in Control of the U.S. Affiliate (as defined in the Employment Agreements), certain accrued obligations, plus 12 months of salary continuation, and (b) for a qualifying termination of the Covered Officer’s employment by the U.S. Affiliate without Cause or by the Covered Officer for Good Reason (as such term is defined in the Employment Agreements) that occurs within two years after a Change in Control (a “Change in Control Termination”), certain accrued obligations, and a lump sum cash amount equal to two times the Covered Officer’s annual base salary as in effect at the time of such termination; and (2) a 95 requirement that each Covered Executive execute a customary release of claims in favor of the U.S. Affiliate to receive severance compensation. In connection with the Covered Officers entering into the Employment Agreements each Covered Officer also entered into a restrictive covenant agreement (a “Restrictive Covenant Agreement”). The Restrictive Covenant Agreements include customary restrictive covenants, including non-competition and non-solicitation obligations that remain in effect both during the employment term and for one year following termination of the Covered Officer’s employment other than a Change in Control Termination (in which case the period will be two years following such Change in Control Termination), as well as other customary restrictive covenants, such as confidentiality provisions. Stock Options Under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan In accordance with the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, the Company granted Options to its named executive officers during the Company’s 2025 fiscal year; no other equity-based awards were granted to the named executive officers during the 2025 fiscal year. The following table sets forth the outstanding equity awards for each named executive officer at June 30, 2025. The Company has not granted full value stock-based awards to any of its named executive officers. Outstanding Equity Awards at 2025 Fiscal Year-End Option Awards Name Grant Date Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable Option Exercise Price ($) Option Expiration Date Mark A. Smith 03/27/2023 70,000 — $6.95 03/27/2026 02/15/2024 375,000 — 2.99 02/15/2029 12/21/2024 150,000 — 1.40 12/21/2029 Scott Honan 03/27/2023 40,000 — 6.95 03/27/2026 02/15/2024 250,000 — 2.99 02/15/2029 12/21/2024 100,000 — 1.40 12/21/2029 Neal Shah 03/27/2023 40,000 — 6.95 03/27/2026 02/15/2024 250,000 — 2.99 02/15/2029 12/21/2024 100,000 — 1.40 12/21/2029 Retirement Plan Benefits Messrs. Honan and Shah are each eligible to participate in the Company’s 401(k) savings plan, which is designed to reward continued employment with the Company and assist participants with financial preparation for retirement. All amounts credited under the 401(k) savings plan relate to participant contributions. The Company does not currently make matching or other contributions to the 401(k) savings plan. Termination and Change of Control Benefits Except as described above, the Company is not a party to any plans or arrangements regarding the named executive officers under which they may receive enhanced or incremental compensation or benefits in the event of a change of control, termination of employment (as a result of resignation, retirement, change of control, etc.) or a change in responsibilities following a change of control. Options are generally subject to clawback provisions, and provide for post-employment exercise periods, pursuant to the terms of such awards and the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan. 96 Practices Related to the Grant of Equity Awards Under our policies and practices, the approval of Options (including any Option grants to our named executive officers and directors) is typically provided at a Board or Compensation Committee meeting or via unanimous written action on the part of the Board or Compensation Committee, but such grants are not generally made on any kind of predetermined, regular schedule. Instead, as noted above, our award recipients (including the named executive officers and directors) generally receive annual grants of fully-vested and exercisable Options at various times each year, including as recommended by the CEO to the Board or Compensation Committee. Board or Compensation Committee meetings or written actions to approve such grants are scheduled on an ad hoc, as-needed basis, generally prompted by a determination by the Board or Compensation Committee that such grants should be made (or a request by management or the Board that such grants be made). These grants are then made effective at the meeting at which the grants are so approved. The Board or Compensation Committee typically fixes the grant schedule for such awards when they are approved at such meetings or through written action. Generally, award values to be utilized for such awards are determined shortly before or as of the grant date based upon the closing share price on the business day preceding the grant. These values and other information are then used in determining the number of Options to be awarded to recipients, but values are not modified to reflect any subsequent increase or decrease in value of our stock between the end of the preceding business day and the effective date of the grant. This equity grant approach is used by the Board or Compensation Committee in order to best help ensure the grants are made only during an open window, and after the release of the Company’s material non-public information regarding its most recently-completed fiscal year. Including for grants made during fiscal year 2025, we do not time the disclosure of material non-public information for purposes of affecting the value of executive compensation, and we do not make any grants while in the possession of material non-public information. During fiscal year 2025, we did not grant Options (or similar awards) to any of our named executive officers during the period beginning four business days before and ending one business day after the filing of any Company periodic report on Form 10-Q or Form 10-K, or the filing or furnishing of any Company Form 8-K, that disclosed any material non-public information. Fiscal 2025 Director Compensation One of the directors serving on the Board (Mr. Smith) is also a named executive officer. For a description of the compensation paid to Mr. Smith, see “Fiscal 2025 Summary Compensation Table” and the accompanying narrative provided above. The following table sets forth all compensation the Company granted to our directors, other than Mr. Smith, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025: Name Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($) Option Awards ($)(1) All Other Compensation ($) Total ($) Michael J. Morris $– $63,000 $– $63,000 Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon – 63,000 – 63,000 David C. Beling – 42,000 – 42,000 Dean C. Kehler – 42,000 – 42,000 Michael G. Maselli – 42,000 – 42,000 Peter Oliver – 42,000 – 42,000 (1) Reflects the grant date fair value of Options granted during the 2025 fiscal year, consisting of 75,000 Options each for Mr. Morris and Ms. Guerrero-Mahon, and 50,000 Options each for Messrs. Beling, Oliver, Kehler, and Maselli, in each case at an exercise price of $1.40 per share, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are described in Note 10b in the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These Options were fully vested on the grant date (December 23, 2024) and generally remain exercisable until five years after the grant date. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the directors of the Company did not receive any cash fees for serving on the Board. The directors of the Company have no standard compensation arrangements, or any other arrangements, with the Company, except as herein disclosed. Option grants are determined by the Board or Compensation 97 Committee on a discretionary basis each year. Executive officers of the Company who also act as directors of the Company do not receive any additional compensation for services rendered in such capacity. See “Fiscal 2025 Summary Compensation Table” above. The aggregate number of Option awards outstanding at the end of fiscal year 2025 for each non-employee director who served during fiscal 2025 was as follows: Mr. Morris, 200,000 Options; Ms. Guerrero-Mahon 195,000 Options; Mr. Beling, 140,000 Options; Mr. Kehler, 100,000 Options; Mr. Maselli, 100,000 Options; and Mr. Oliver, 140,000 Options. As of June 30, 2025, all the above Options were 100% vested. Description of the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan On January 19, 2024, NioCorp’s shareholders approved the adoption of the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan. Under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, the Board may in its discretion from time-to-time grant Options, share units (in the form of restricted share units (“RSUs”) and performance share units (“PSUs”)) and dividend equivalents to non-employee directors, employees and certain other service providers (as further described in the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan) of the Company and affiliated entities selected by the Board. Subject to adjustment as provided in the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, the aggregate number of Common Shares that may be reserved for issuance to participants under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, together with all other security-based compensation arrangements of the Company, may not exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time, and the Common Shares reserved for issuance upon settlement of share units shall not exceed 5% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time. Further, the aggregate number of Common Shares reserved for issuance to any one participant under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, together with all other security-based compensation arrangements of the Company, must not exceed 5% of the then issued and outstanding Common Shares (on a non-diluted basis). The maximum number of Common Shares (1) issued to insiders (for purposes of the Toronto Stock Exchange Company Manual) within any one-year period and (2) issuable to insiders at any time, under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, or when combined with the Company’s other security-based compensation arrangements, will not exceed 10% of the number of the then issued and outstanding Common Shares. The following table presents the burn rates for the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan for the three most recent fiscal years: Fiscal Year Ending June 30, Number of awards granted Weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding Burn rate 2025 945,000 45,072,895 2.1% 2024 1,625,000 34,320,024 4.7% 2023 578,000 28,705,840 2.0% (1) During fiscal year 2023, the Company completed a 10-for-1 reverse stock split (the “Reverse Stock Split”). For purposes of comparability across fiscal years in this table, amounts in these columns with respect to fiscal years prior to 2023 represent the original amounts adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split. With respect to the number of awards granted in fiscal 2023, any actual grants made prior to the Reverse Stock Split have also been adjusted. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of Common Shares of NioCorp as of September 11, 2025 (except where otherwise indicated), for the following: (1) each person who is known by NioCorp to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of NioCorp’s Common Shares; (2) each of the named executive officers (as defined in the “Fiscal 2025 Summary Compensation Table,” above); (3) each of NioCorp’s directors; and (4) all directors and executive officers of NioCorp as a group. Beneficial ownership of Common Shares in the table below is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to the Common Shares. Common Shares that may be acquired by an individual or group within 60 days of September 11, 2025, pursuant to the exercise of Options, the exercise of Warrants, or the exchange of shares of Class B common stock of ECRC (formerly known as GXII), are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of such individual or group but are not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person shown in the 98 table. Percentage of ownership is based on 77,757,089 Common Shares outstanding as of September 11, 2025. Unless otherwise noted in the table below, Options vested at the grant date. Except as indicated in footnotes to this table, we believe that the shareholders named in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all Common Shares shown to be beneficially owned by them, based on information provided to us by such shareholders. Unless otherwise indicated, the address for each director and executive officer listed is: c/o NioCorp Developments Ltd., 7000 South Yosemite Street, Suite 115, Centennial, CO 80112. Name and Address of Beneficial Owner Position Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership (1) Percent of Common Shares Mark A. Smith, PE, Esq. Highlands Ranch, Colorado, USA Chief Executive Officer, President, Executive Chairman and Director 3,316,452 (2) 4.21 % Neal Shah Superior, Colorado, USA Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary 550,032 (3) * Scott Honan Centennial, Colorado, USA Chief Operating Officer 530,762 (4) * David C. Beling Grand Junction, Colorado, USA Director 229,013 (5) * Anthony W. Fulton Lincoln, Nebraska, USA Director 251,209 (6) * Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon Brighton, Colorado, USA Director 259,768 (7) * Dean Kehler New York, New York, USA Director 3,708,811 (8) 4.56 % Michael Maselli Pelham, New York, USA Director 655,235 (9) * Peter Oliver Bunbury, Western Australia, Australia Lead Director 160,400 (10) * All current directors, executive officers and named executive officers as a group (11 persons) 10,228,610 12.06 % Kenneth Griffin Miami, Florida, USA 3,903,395 (11) 5.02 % * Represents ownership of less than 1%. (1) Calculated in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act. (2) Mr. Smith beneficially owns 2,272,018 outstanding Common Shares. In addition, he beneficially owns 321,934 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of: (i) 46,801 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $3.54 until December 22, 2025; (ii) 183,422 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $1.75 until November 13, 2026; and (iii) 91,711 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $2.07 until November 13, 2029. He also beneficially owns 722,500 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on March 27, 2023, Mr. Smith was granted 70,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of three years at a price of $6.95 per Common Share; (ii) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Smith was granted 375,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (iii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Smith was granted 150,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Shares for a period of five years at a price of $1.40; and (iv) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Smith was granted 375,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. (3) Mr. Shah beneficially owns 65,671 outstanding Common Shares. He beneficially owns 9,361 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of 9,361 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $3.54 until December 22, 2025. In addition, he beneficially owns 475,000 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on March 27, 2023, Mr. Shah was granted 40,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of three years at a price of $6.95 per Common Share; (ii) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Shah was granted 250,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (iii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Shah was granted 100,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price 99 of $1.40; and (iv) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Shah was granted 250,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. (4) Mr. Honan beneficially owns 55,762 outstanding Common Shares. In addition, he beneficially owns 475,000 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on March 27, 2023, Mr. Honan was granted 40,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of three years at a price of $6.95 per Common Share; (ii) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Honan was granted 250,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (iii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Honan was granted 100,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $1.40; and (iv) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Honan was granted 250,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. (5) Mr. Beling beneficially owns 72,013 outstanding Common Shares. In addition, he beneficially owns 157,000 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on March 27, 2023, Mr. Beling was granted 40,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of three years at a price of $6.95 per Common Share; (ii) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Beling was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (iii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Beling was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $1.40; and (iv) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Beling was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. (6) Mr. Fulton beneficially owns 179,350 Common Shares. He shares both voting and investment power with respect to 2,276 of such Common Shares with members of his family. In addition, he beneficially owns 54,859 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of 49,058 NioCorp Assumed Warrants each exercisable for 1.11829212 Common Shares at a price of $11.50 until March 17, 2028. He also beneficially owns 17,000 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of: (i) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Fulton was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. He shares both voting and investment power with respect to 12,335 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of 11,032 of such NioCorp Assumed Warrants with members of his family. (7) Ms. Guerrero-Mahon beneficially owns 46,068 Common Shares. In addition, she beneficially owns 213,700 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on March 27, 2023, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon was granted 45,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of three years at a price of $6.95 per Common Share; (ii) on February 15, 2024, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon was granted 75,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (iii) on December 23, 2024, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon was granted 75,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $1.40; and (iv) on August 18, 2025, Ms. Guerrero-Mahon was granted 55,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. (8) Mr. Kehler beneficially owns 134,580 Common Shares, and 1,441,290 Common Shares issuable upon the exchange of Vested Shares (as defined herein). He shares both voting and investment power with respect to 318,470 of such Vested Shares with U.S. Trust Company of Delaware, as co-trustee of the Elizabeth Kehler 2012 Family Trust under Declaration of Trust dated December 12, 2012 (the “Elizabeth Kehler Trust”). In addition, he beneficially owns 2,015,941 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the following: (i) 1,657,057 Private Warrants (as defined herein) exercisable for an aggregate of up to 1,853,073 Common Shares held by Mr. Kehler; (ii) 78,003 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $3.54 until December 22, 2025; (iii) 56,577 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $1.75 until November 13, 2026; and (iv) 28,288 Warrants each exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $2.07 until November 13, 2029. He also beneficially owns 117,000 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Kehler was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (ii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Kehler was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $1.40; and (iii) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Kehler was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. The total does not include Common Shares that may be issuable upon exchange of (i) 417,030 Tranche I Earnout Shares (as defined herein) held by Mr. Kehler, (ii) 417,030 Tranche II Earnout Shares (as defined herein) held by Mr. Kehler, (iii) 118,284 Tranche I Earnout Shares held by the Elizabeth Kehler Trust; and (iv) 118,284 Tranche II Earnout Shares held by the Elizabeth Kehler Trust. (9) Mr. Maselli beneficially owns 323,085 Common Shares. In addition, Mr. Maselli beneficially owns 215,150 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of 192,392 Private Warrants held by Mr. Maselli. He also beneficially owns 117,000 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Maselli was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (ii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Maselli was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $1.40 and (iii) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Maselli was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% 100 having vested at this time. The total does not include Common Shares that may be issuable upon exchange of (i) 119,998 Tranche I Earnout Shares held by Mr. Maselli and (ii) 119,998 Tranche II Earnout Shares held by Mr. Maselli. (10) Mr. Oliver beneficially owns 160,400 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of vested Options comprised of the following: (i) on March 27, 2023, Mr. Oliver was granted 40,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of three years at a price of $6.95 per Common Share; (ii) on February 15, 2024, Mr. Oliver was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $2.99; (iii) on December 23, 2024, Mr. Oliver was granted 50,000 Options each exercisable for one Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $1.40 and (iv) on August 18, 2025, Mr. Oliver was granted 60,000 Options each exercisable for One Common Share for a period of five years at a price of $4.35 which will vest over a period of two years with 34% having vested at this time. (11) As reported by Kenneth Griffin on a Schedule 13G jointly filed with the SEC on July 25, 2025 by Mr. Griffin, Citadel Advisors LLC (“Citadel Advisors”), Citadel Advisors Holdings LP (“CAH”), Citadel GP LLC (“CGP”), Citadel Securities LLC (“Citadel Securities”), Citadel Securities Group LP (“CALC4”) and Citadel Securities GP LLC (“CSGP”) with respect to Common Shares owned by Citadel Multi-Strategy Equities (Ireland) Designated Activity Company, an Ireland company (“CSMI”) and Citadel Securities. Citadel Advisors is the portfolio manager for CMSI. CAH is the sole member of Citadel Advisors. CGP is the general partner of CAH. CALC4 is the non-member manager of Citadel Securities. CSGP is the general partner of CALC4. Mr. Griffin is the President and Chief Executive Officer of CGP, and owns a controlling interest in CGP and CSGP. EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS The Company has maintained equity compensation plans under which Options have been granted. Option grants have been determined by the Company’s directors and are only provided in compliance with applicable laws and regulatory policy. The following information is provided with respect to compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) under which equity securities were authorized for issuance as of June 30, 2025. Equity Compensation Plan Information Plan Category Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants, and Rights Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants, and Rights Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Second Column) Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders (1) 3,020,000 $3.09 2,829,119 (2) Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Security Holders - - - Total (3) 3,020,000 $3.09 2,829,119 (1) Represents Options granted pursuant to the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan. (2) Generally, the aggregate number of Common Shares reserved for issuance to participants under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan, together with all other security-based compensation arrangements of the Company may not exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time, and the Common Shares reserved for issuance upon settlement of share units shall not exceed 5% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time. Common Shares subject to any grant (or any portion thereof) that are issued upon exercise or settlement, forfeited, surrendered, cancelled, unearned, or otherwise terminated will again be available for grant under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan. (3) As of June 30, 2025, there were: (i) 3,020,000 outstanding securities awarded under the 2017 Amended Long-Term Incentive Plan representing 5.16% of the Company’s currently issued and outstanding Common Shares; and (ii) 2,829,119 remaining securities available for grant representing 4.84% of the Company’s currently issued and outstanding Common Shares. Performance Graph The following graph compares total cumulative shareholder return for $100 invested in Common Shares from July 1, 2020, to June 30, 2025, with cumulative total returns for the S&P/TSX Composite Index and S&P/TSX Mining Index: 101 Overall, the Company’s cumulative return for the five-year period ended below the range of returns for the two selected indices. As an exploration stage company, executive officer compensation has not historically been adjusted to reflect share performance trends. Compensation to executive officers remained flat from 2013 through February 2023, except for increases supported by additional job responsibilities and/or job promotions. Effective September 1, 2019, the Board approved a 10% base rate increase for all NioCorp employees and effective April 1, 2023, the Compensation Committee approved a base rate average increase of 12% for all NioCorp employees. There were no salary increases granted during fiscal years 2025 or 2024. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The following sets forth certain information regarding transactions between the Company (and its subsidiaries) and its officers, directors, and significant shareholders. There have been no other transactions since the end of the Company’s most recently completed fiscal year and there are no currently proposed transactions in which the Company was or is to be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any related person (for purposes of Item 404 of Regulation S-K) had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. Loan Transactions: Mr. Smith is our Chief Executive Officer, President, Executive Chairman, and Director. On September 11, 2024, the Company and Mr. Smith entered into the Smith Loan Agreement pursuant to which Mr. Smith agreed to make available to the Company a non-revolving, multiple draw credit facility of up to $2,000,000. The Smith Loan expired on June 30, 2025, was non-revolving, and amounts paid back under the terms of the Smith Loan Agreement did not again become available for drawdowns at the request of the Company. The Company paid interest to Mr. Smith on amounts outstanding under the Smith Loan at a rate equal to 10% per annum, calculated monthly in arrears, through to the date of repayment of the Loan. Mr. Smith also received an establishment fee equal to 2.5% of the amount of each drawdown payable at the time of the drawdown as consideration of the advancement of such drawdown. Any outstanding balance on the Loan, including accrued interest, were immediately due and payable by the Company on the earlier of the date of expiration of the Smith Loan Agreement and the occurrence of an event of default thereunder (the “Due Date”). The Company could repay the Smith Loan at any time without notice and without penalty, but any amount of principal or interest repaid by the Company prior to the Due Date will be subject to an early payment fee of 2.5% of the value of any such payment. Amounts outstanding under the Smith Loan Agreement were secured by all of the Company’s assets pursuant to a general security agreement between the Company and Mr. Smith, dated September 11, 2024. Through October 30, 2024, the Company borrowed a total of $504,000 under the Smith Loan and the largest aggregate amount of principal outstanding under the Smith Loan Agreement during the period ended June 30, 2025, was $504,000. The Company subsequently repaid $508,200, representing the balance of the principal outstanding 102 under the Smith Loan plus accrued interest, and also repaid $40,850 related to loan origination fees payable. As of June 30, 2025, there was no principal amount or accounts payable outstanding under the Smith Loan. December 2023 Private Placement On December 22, 2023, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement (the “December 2023 Private Placement”) and issued an aggregate of 413,432 units of the Company (the “December 2023 Units”). Each December 2023 Unit consisted of one Common Share and one Warrant (the “December 2023 Warrants”). Each December 2023 Warrant is exercisable for one Common Share at a price of $3.54 until December 22, 2025. Certain of the Company’s officers and directors, including Messrs. Kehler, Smith and Shah, subscribed to purchase an aggregate of 138,845 December 2023 Units in the December 2023 Private Placement. Each officer and director of the Company who subscribed to purchase December 2023 Units in the December 2023 Private Placement paid a purchase price of $3.205 per unit (the “December 2023 Insider Unit Price”) upon the closing of the December 2023 Private Placement. The December 2023 Insider Unit Price included $0.125 per December 2023 Warrant underlying each December 2023 Unit purchased by officers and directors of the Company. Messrs. Kehler, Smith and Shah purchased 78,003 December 2023 Units, 46,801 December 2023 Units, and 9,361 December 2023 Units, respectively, for aggregate purchase prices of $249,999.62, $149,997.21, and $30,002.01, respectively. The remaining investors in the December 2023 Private Placement, who are not affiliated with the Company but with whom the Company had a pre-existing relationship, subscribed to purchase an aggregate of 274,587 December 2023 Units at a purchase price per December 2023 Unit of $3.08, which is equal to the consolidated closing bid price for the Common Shares as reported by Nasdaq on December 13, 2023. Gross proceeds to the Company from the December 2023 Private Placement were approximately $1.29 million. November 2024 Private Placement On November 13, 2024, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement (the “November 2024 Private Placement”) and issued an aggregate of 2,199,602 units of the Company (the “November 2024 Units”). Each November 2024 Unit consists of one Common Share, one Warrant (collectively, the “Series A Private Warrants”) to purchase one Common Share and one-half of one Warrant to purchase one-half of one Common Share (the “Series B Private Warrants” and, together with the Series A Private Warrants, the “November 2024 Private Warrants”). Each Series A Private Warrant is exercisable into one Common Share (a “Series A Warrant Share”) at an exercise price of $1.75 per Series A Warrant Share at any time on or after the date of issuance until November 13, 2026. Each Series B Private Warrant is exercisable into one Common Share (a “Series B Warrant Share”) at an exercise price of $2.07 per Series B Warrant Share at any time beginning six months and one day from the date of issuance until November 13, 2029. Messrs. Kehler and Smith subscribed to purchase an aggregate of 239,999 November 2024 Units in the November 2024 Private Placement and paid a purchase price of $1.7675 per November 2024 Unit (the “November 2024 Insider Unit Price”) upon the closing of the November 2024 Private Placement. The November 2024 Insider Unit Price included $0.125 per November 2024 Private Warrant underlying each November 2024 Unit purchased by directors of the Company. Messrs. Kehler and Smith purchased 56,577 November 2024 Units and 183,422 November 2024 Units, respectively, for aggregate purchase prices of approximately $100,000 and $324,198, respectively. The remaining investors in the November 2024 Private Placement, who are not affiliated with the Company but with whom the Company had a pre-existing relationship, subscribed to purchase an aggregate of 1,959,603 November 2024 Units at a purchase price per November 2024 Unit of $1.57. Gross proceeds to the Company from the November 2024 Private Placement were approximately $3.5 million. Review, Approval or Ratification of Related Person Transactions Other than as described below, the Company does not currently have in place any specific policy or procedure in respect of the review, approval or ratification of any transaction required to be reported under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K. Sections 147-153 of the BCBCA set out rules and procedures applicable to all British Columbia corporations, pursuant to which a director presented with a resolution in respect of any matter (including an equity issuance) in respect of which he/she has an interest must disclose that interest in writing to the corporation’s board of directors prior to the approval of such matter. This procedure ensures that each equity issuance to a director or officer of the Company is approved by all directors of the Company not involved in such sale. All loan transactions from directors and officers are typically subject to review and approval by the Board prior to acceptance and are documented in the meeting minutes or resolutions related to same. Under its charter, the Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving any related party transaction in advance of such transaction, unless the 103 Chief Financial Officer or General Counsel determines that it is not practicable to wait until the next Audit Committee meeting, in which case the related party transaction will be submitted to the Chair of the Audit Committee, who will have delegated authority to act between Audit Committee meetings. Director Independence The Company’s Board consists of Messrs. Smith, Beling, Fulton, Oliver, Kehler, and Maselli and Ms. Guerrero-Mahon. The Company utilizes the definition of “independent” as it is set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) (“Rule 5605(a)(2)”) and National Instrument 52-110 Audit Committees (“NI 52-110”). Further, the Board considers all relevant facts and circumstances in its determination of independence of all members of the Board (including any relationships). Currently, Messrs. Beling, Fulton, Oliver, Kehler, and Maselli and Ms. Guerrero-Mahon are considered independent directors. Mr. Michael J. Morris, who served as a director of the Company during fiscal 2025, was previously determined by the Board to be an independent director. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES The following table presents fees for professional services rendered by Deloitte & Touche LLP for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 and Deloitte & Touche LLP and BDO USA, P.C. for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 for the audit of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and review of consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s filings and fees billed for other services rendered by the firms during those periods. Fiscal Year Ending June 30, Audit Fees (1) ($) Audit-Related Fees (2) ($) Tax Fees (3) ($) All Other Fees (4) ($) 2025 Deloitte 601,274 601,309 94,016 — 2024 Deloitte 1,092,834 34,125 — — BDO 132,500 95,599 48,263 — (1) “Audit Fees” consist of fees billed, or to be billed, for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements and reviews of our interim financial statements included in quarterly reports and services normally provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with statutory filings. (2) “Audit-Related Fees” consist of fees billed, or to be billed, related to agreed-upon procedures and services, including for comfort letters, normally provided by our independent registered public accounting firm in connection with debt offerings or regulatory filings. (3) “Tax Fees” include fees for all tax services other than those included in “Audit Fees” and “Audit-Related Fees.” This category includes fees for tax compliance, tax planning, and tax advice. Tax planning and tax advice include assistance with tax audits and appeals, tax advice related to mergers and acquisitions, and requests for rulings or technical advice from tax authorities. For the financial year ended June 30, 2025, these tax services included the preparation of Canadian and U.S. federal and state tax returns and tax planning and tax advice services. (4) “All Other Fees” includes all other non-audit services. Pre-approval Policies The policy of the Audit Committee has been to pre-approve all audit, audit-related and non-audit services performed by our independent auditors and to subsequently review the actual fees and expenses paid to our independent auditors. Accordingly, the Audit Committee pre-approved all audit, audit-related and non-audit services performed by Deloitte & Touche LLP and BDO USA, P.C. and subsequently reviewed the actual fees and expenses paid for these services. The Audit Committee has determined that the fees paid to Deloitte & Touche LLP for services are compatible with maintaining Deloitte & Touche LLP’s independence as our auditor. All of the services provided during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X. 104 PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES The following documents are filed as a part of this report: Financial Statements (1) The Consolidated Financial Statements, together with the report thereon of Deloitte & Touche LLP, dated September 11, 2025 are included as part of Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” commencing on page 59 above. Page Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms (Deloitte & Touche LLP; Denver, Colorado; PCAOB ID#34) 54 Consolidated Balance Sheets 56 Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss 57 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 58 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ (Deficit) Equity and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest 59 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 60 (a) Exhibits Exhibit No. Title 2.1(1)** Business Combination Agreement, dated September 25, 2022, by and among NioCorp Developments Ltd., GX Acquisition Corp. II and Big Red Merger Sub Ltd 3.1(2) Notice of Articles of NioCorp Developments Ltd., dated April 5, 2016 3.2(2) Articles of NioCorp Developments Ltd., as amended, effective as of January 27, 2015 3.3(3) Amendment to Articles, effective March 17, 2023 4.1(4) Convertible Security Funding Agreement, dated February 16, 2021, between the Company and Lind Global Asset Management III, LLC 4.2(5) Amendment #1 to Convertible Security Funding Agreement, dated December 2, 2021, between the Company and Lind Global Asset Management III, LLC 4.3(6) Waiver and Consent Agreement, dated September 25, 2022, between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and Lind Global Asset Management III, LLC 4.4(7) Form of Lind Contingent Consent Warrants 4.5(1) Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2022, by and among GX Acquisition Corp. II, NioCorp Developments Ltd., GX Sponsor II LLC, in its capacity as a shareholder of GX Acquisition Corp. II, and certain other shareholders of GX Acquisition Corp. II 4.6(8) Joinder to Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2023, by and among NioCorp Developments Ltd. and each of the Holders party thereto 4.7(3) Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2023, by and among NioCorp Developments Ltd., GX Acquisition Corp. II, GX Sponsor II LLC, certain holders of the common shares of the NioCorp Developments Ltd. listed on Schedule 1 thereto, certain current and former stockholders of GX Acquisition Corp. II, and other persons and entities listed on Schedule 2 thereto 4.8(3) Registration Rights Agreement Joinder, dated as of March 17, 2023, by and among NioCorp Developments Ltd. and each of the parties listed on Schedule A thereto 4.9(3) Exchange Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2023, by and among NioCorp Developments Ltd., GX Acquisition Corp. II and GX Sponsor II LLC 4.10(8) Joinder to Exchange Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2023, by and among NioCorp Developments Ltd., Elk Creek Resources Corp (f/k/a GX Acquisition Corp. II) and each of the Holders party thereto 105 4.11(9) Warrant Agreement, dated March 17, 2021, by and between GX Acquisition Corp. II and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company 4.12(3) Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2023, by and among GX Acquisition Corp. II, NioCorp Developments Ltd., Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as the existing Warrant Agent, and Computershare Inc. and its affiliate Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as the successor Warrant Agent 4.13(3) Form of Warrant (included in Exhibit 4.12) 4.14(10) Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2023, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and YA II PN, Ltd. 4.15(11) Form of Subscription Agreement in respect of units issued in September 2023 4.16(11) Form of Warrants issued in September 2023 4.17(12) Form of Subscription Agreement in respect of units issued in December 2023 4.18(12) Form of Warrants issued in December 2023 4.19(13) Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2024, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and each of YA II PN, Ltd. and Lind Global Fund II LP 4.20(13) Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (included in Exhibit 4.19) 4.21(13) Global Guaranty Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2024, by Elk Creek Resources Corporation and 0896800 B.C. Ltd. 4.22(13) Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 11, 2024, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and each of YA II PN, Ltd. and Lind Global Fund II LP 4.23(14) Form of Subscription Agreement in respect of units issued in June 2024 4.24(14) Form of Warrants issued in June 2024 4.25(15) Underwriting Agreement, dated as of November 3, 2024, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and Maxim Group LLC 4.26(15) Warrant Agency Agreement, dated as of November 5, 2024, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 4.27(15) Form of November 2024 Series A Public Warrant 4.28(15) Form of November 2024 Series B Public Warrant 4.29(16) Form of Subscription Agreement in respect of units issued in November 2024 4.30(16) Form of November 2024 Series A Private Warrant 4.31(16) Form of November 2024 Series B Private Warrant 4.32(17) Underwriting Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2025, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and Maxim Group LLC 4.33(17) Form of January 2025 Series A Warrant 4.34(17) Form of January 2025 Series B Warrant 4.35(18) Underwriting Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2025, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and Maxim Group LLC 4.36(18) Form of April 2025 Pre-Funded Warrant 4.37 Description of Securities 10.1(2)# Consulting Agreement, dated May 13, 2014, between the Company and KMSmith, LLC 10.2(19)# Amendment to Contract, dated September 1, 2019, between the Company and KMSmith, LLC 10.3(19)# Contract Assignment and Novation Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2020, among the Company, KMSmith, LLC and 76 Resources, Inc. 10.4(20)# Contract Assignment and Novation Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2021, among the Company, 76 Resources, Inc. and 76 Resources, LLC 10.5(21)# Amendment to Contract, dated April 1, 2023, between the Company and 76 Resources, LLC 10.6(22)* Offtake agreement, dated June 13, 2016, between the Company and CMC Cometals, a division of Commercial Metals Company 10.7(23) Amendment No. 1 to Offtake Agreement, dated April 13, 2020, between the Company and Traxys North America LLC, as assignee 10.8(24) Offtake agreement with ThyssenKrupp Metallurgical Products GmbH 10.9(19)*, ** Woltemath 003J Amended and Restated Option to Purchase, dated January 4, 2017, among ECRC and Victor L. and Juanita E. Woltemath 10.10(19)*, ** Woltemath 003J Extension to Option to Purchase, dated December 23, 2019, among ECRC and Victor L. and Juanita E. Woltemath 10.11*, ** Woltemath 003J Second Extension to Option to Purchase, dated December 9, 2024, between ECRC and Juanita E. Woltemath 10.12(10) Standby Equity Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 26, 2023, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and YA II PN, Ltd. 10.13(25) Amendment #1 to Standby Equity Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 3, 2024, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and YA II PN, Ltd. 10.14(3)# Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement 106 10.15(1)# Employment Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2022, by and between Elk Creek Resources Corporation and Neal Shah 10.16(1)# Employment Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2022, by and between Elk Creek Resources Corporation and Scott Honan 10.17(1)# Employment Agreement, dated as of September 25, 2022, by and between Elk Creek Resources Corporation and Jim Sims 10.18(1)# Form of Restrictive Covenant Agreement 10.19(26)# NioCorp Developments Ltd. Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended 10.20(27) Loan Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2024, between the Company and Mark Smith 10.21(27) Security Agreement, dated as of September 11, 2024, between the Company and Mark Smith 10.22(28) Placement Agency Agreement, dated as of July 17, 2025, by and between NioCorp Developments Ltd. and Maxim Group LLC 19.1(7) NioCorp Developments Ltd. Insider Trading Policy 21.1 Subsidiaries of NioCorp Developments Ltd. 23.1 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP 23.3 Consent of Dahrouge Geological Consulting USA Ltd. 23.4 Consent of Understood Mineral Resources Ltd. 23.5 Consent of Optimize Group Inc. 23.6 Consent of Tetra Tech 23.7 Consent of Adrian Brown Consultants Inc. 23.8 Consent of Magemi Mining Inc. 23.9 Consent of L3 Process Development 23.10 Consent of Olsson 23.11 Consent of A2GC 23.12 Consent of Metallurgy Concept Solutions 23.13 Consent of Scott Honan, M.Sc., SME-RM, NioCorp 23.14 Consent of Dumas Contracting Ltd. 23.15 Consent of Mahmood Khwaja, P.E., CDM Smith 23.16 Consent of Wynand Marx, M.Eng., BBE Consulting 31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 96.1(29) S-K 1300 Elk Creek Technical Report Summary 97.1(7) Compensation Clawback Policy 101.INS(30) XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH(30) XBRL Taxonomy Extension – Schema 101.CAL(30) XBRL Taxonomy Extension – Calculations 101.DEF(30) XBRL Taxonomy Extension – Definitions 101.LAB(30) XBRL Taxonomy Extension – Labels 101.PRE(30) XBRL Taxonomy Extension – Presentations 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) # Management compensation plan, arrangement or agreement. * Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K, which portions will be furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request. ** Certain exhibits to this agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted exhibit will be furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request. (1) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on September 29, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. (2) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Draft Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 377-01354) submitted to the SEC on July 26, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference. (3) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on March 17, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. 107 (4) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on February 17, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference. (5) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on February 4, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. (6) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-268227) filed with the SEC on November 7, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. (7) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on September 23, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (8) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-271268) filed with the SEC on April 14, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. (9) Previously filed as an exhibit to Elk Creek Resources Corp.’s (f/k/a GX Acquisition Corp. II) Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-40226) filed with the SEC on March 22, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference. (10) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on January 27, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. (11) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on September 1, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. (12) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on December 20, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. (13) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on April 12, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (14) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on June 24, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (15) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on November 5, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (16) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on November 13, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (17) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on January 31, 2025 and incorporated herein by reference (18) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on April 21, 2025 and incorporated herein by reference (19) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on September 16, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference. (20) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on September 8, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference. (21) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 on Form S-1 (File No. 333-271268) filed with the SEC on August 22, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference. (22) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-213451) filed with the SEC on September 2, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference. (23) Previously filed as an exhibit to Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on October 31, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. (24) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on August 29, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference. (25) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on May 3, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (26) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on January 22, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (27) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on September 11, 2024 and incorporated herein by reference. (28) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-41655) filed with the SEC on July 18, 2025 and incorporated herein by reference. (29) Previously filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-55710) filed with the SEC on September 6, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference. 108 (30) Submitted Electronically Herewith. Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2025 and June 30, 2024, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit) and Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. ITEM 16. FORM 10–K SUMMARY None. 109 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. NIOCORP DEVELOPMENTS LTD. By: /s/ Neal Shah Neal Shah Chief Financial Officer September 11, 2025 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on September 11, 2025. Signature Title /s/ Mark A. Smith President, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Mark A. Smith Executive Officer and Authorized U.S. Representative) and Chairman of the Board of Directors /s/ Neal Shah Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Neal Shah Accounting Officer) /s/ David C. Beling Director David C. Beling /s/ Anthony W. Fulton Director Anthony W. Fulton /s/ Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon Director Nilsa Guerrero-Mahon /s/ Dean C. Kehler Director Dean C. Kehler /s/ Michael G. Maselli Director Michael G. Maselli /s/ Peter Oliver Director Peter Oliver 110