MESA LABORATORIES INC /CO/ 10-Q

mlab20230930_10q.htm     Table of Contents   United States Securities and Exchange Commission Washington, D.C. 20549     F ORM 10-Q     ☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended  September 30, 2023 or     ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934   For the transition period from ___ to ___   Commission File No: 0-11740     MESA LABORATORIES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)     Colorado   84-0872291     (State or other jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer     incorporation or organization)   Identification number)               12100 West Sixth Avenue         Lakewood , Colorado   80228     (Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)     Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: ( 303 ) 987-8000   Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:   Title of each class Trading Symbol Name on each exchange on which registered Common Stock, no par value MLAB The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC   Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒   No ☐   Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒     No ☐   Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.   Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐   If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐   Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐      No ☒   Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the Issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:   There were 5,391,726  shares of the Issuer’s common stock, no par value, outstanding as of October 30, 2023.       Table of Contents     Table of Contents       Part I. Financial Information 1       Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)   1   Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets 1   Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations 2   Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) 3   Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity 4   Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 5   Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 6   Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 14   Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 20   Item 4.  Controls and Procedures 21       Part II. Other Information 22       Item 1.  Legal Proceedings 22   Item 1A.  Risk factors 22   Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 22   Item 5. Other Information 22   Item 6.  Exhibits 23   Signatures 24   Exhibit 31.1 Certifications Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)     Exhibit 31.2 Certifications Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)     Exhibit 32.1 Certifications Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C Section 1350     Exhibit 32.2 Certifications Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C Section 1350       Table of Contents     Part I. Financial Information   Item 1 . Financial Statements   M esa Laboratories, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) (in thousands, except share amounts)       September 30,     March 31,       2023     2023   ASSETS                 Current assets:                 Cash and cash equivalents   $ 35,617     $ 32,910   Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $ 979 and $ 849 , respectively     36,340       42,551   Inventories     32,879       34,642   Prepaid expenses and other     12,826       8,872   Total current assets     117,662       118,975   Noncurrent assets:                 Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $ 21,324 and $ 19,768 respectively     28,574       28,149   Deferred tax asset     1,051       1,076   Other assets     8,953       10,373   Customer relationships, net     137,057       152,189   Intellectual property, net     43,416       46,400   Other intangibles, net     17,207       18,226   Goodwill     283,268       286,444   Total assets   $ 637,188     $ 661,832                     LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY                 Current liabilities:                 Accounts payable   $ 4,810     $ 6,134   Accrued payroll and benefits     8,353       9,433   Unearned revenues     14,316       15,694   Other accrued expenses     12,337       12,098   Total current liabilities     39,816       43,359   Noncurrent liabilities:                 Deferred tax liability     33,437       34,028   Other long-term liabilities     5,443       7,693   Credit Facility     -       13,000   Convertible senior notes, net of debt issuance costs     170,733       170,272   Total liabilities     249,429       268,352   Stockholders’ equity:                 Common stock, no par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized;  5,391,726 and 5,369,466 shares issued and outstanding, respectively     337,869       332,076   Retained earnings     70,699       74,199   Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)     ( 20,809 )     ( 12,795 ) Total stockholders’ equity     387,759       393,480   Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity   $ 637,188     $ 661,832     See accompanying notes to Condensed C onsolidated Fi nancial Statements.     Page 1 Table of Contents     Mesa Laboratories, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) (in thousands, except per share data)       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022                                     Revenues   $ 53,165     $ 58,749     $ 103,810     $ 109,202   Cost of revenues     21,056       22,363       40,518       41,475   Gross profit     32,109       36,386       63,292       67,727   Operating expense:                                 Selling     9,650       9,200       18,626       19,223   General and administrative     17,526       18,202       35,586       38,414   Research and development     4,993       4,989       9,804       10,689   Total operating expense     32,169       32,391       64,016       68,326   Operating (loss) income     ( 60 )     3,995       ( 724 )     ( 599 ) Nonoperating expense:                                 Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs     905       1,214       1,953       2,228   Other expense (income), net     360       ( 603 )     ( 415 )     ( 799 ) Total nonoperating expense, net     1,265       611       1,538       1,429   (Loss) earnings before income taxes     ( 1,325 )     3,384       ( 2,262 )     ( 2,028 ) Income tax (benefit) expense     ( 95 )     2,078       ( 483 )     ( 1,896 ) Net (loss) income   $ ( 1,230 )   $ 1,306     $ ( 1,779 )   $ ( 132 )                                   Net (loss) earnings per share:                                 Basic   $ ( 0.23 )   $ 0.25     $ ( 0.33 )   $ ( 0.02 ) Diluted   $ ( 0.23 )   $ 0.24     $ ( 0.33 )   $ ( 0.02 )                                   Weighted-average common shares outstanding:                                 Basic     5,387       5,323       5,379       5,298   Diluted     5,387       5,364       5,379       5,298     See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.   Page 2 Table of Contents     Mesa Laboratories, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) (unaudited) (in thousands)         Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022                                     Net (loss) income   $ ( 1,230 )   $ 1,306     $ ( 1,779 )   $ ( 132 ) Other comprehensive (loss):                                 Foreign currency translation adjustments     ( 1,353 )     ( 13,226 )     ( 8,014 )     ( 29,183 ) Comprehensive (loss)   $ ( 2,583 )   $ ( 11,920 )   $ ( 9,793 )   $ ( 29,315 )   See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.   Page 3 Table of Contents   Mesa Laboratories, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) (dollars in thousands, except per share data)           Common Stock                               Number of Shares     Amount     Retained Earnings     AOCI*     Total   March 31, 2023     5,369,466     $ 332,076     $ 74,199     $ ( 12,795 )   $ 393,480   Exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units     20,074       52       -       -       52   Tax withholding on vesting of restricted stock units     ( 5,260 )     ( 712 )     -       -       ( 712 ) Dividends paid, $ 0.16 per share     -       -       ( 859 )     -       ( 859 ) Stock-based compensation expense     -       2,968       -       -       2,968   Foreign currency translation     -       -       -       ( 6,661 )     ( 6,661 ) Net (loss)     -       -       ( 549 )     -       ( 549 ) June 30, 2023     5,384,280     $ 334,384     $ 72,791     $ ( 19,456 )   $ 387,719   Exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units     7,464       304       -       -       304   Tax withholding on vesting of restricted stock units     ( 18 )     ( 2 )     -       -       ( 2 ) Dividends paid, $ 0.16 per share     -       -       ( 862 )     -       ( 862 ) Stock-based compensation expense     -       3,183       -       -       3,183   Foreign currency translation     -       -       -       ( 1,353 )     ( 1,353 ) Net (loss)     -       -       ( 1,230 )     -       ( 1,230 ) September 30, 2023     5,391,726     $ 337,869     $ 70,699     $ ( 20,809 )   $ 387,759           Common Stock                               Number of Shares     Amount     Retained Earnings     AOCI*     Total   March 31, 2022     5,265,627     $ 313,460     $ 76,675     $ 3,666     $ 393,801   Exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units     31,690       1,438       -       -       1,438   Tax withholding on vesting of restricted stock units     ( 9 )     ( 2 )     -       -       ( 2 ) Dividends paid, $ 0.16 per share     -       -       ( 843 )     -       ( 843 ) Stock-based compensation expense     -       3,432       -       -       3,432   Foreign currency translation     -       -       -       ( 15,957 )     ( 15,957 ) Net (loss)     -       -       ( 1,438 )     -       ( 1,438 ) June 30, 2022     5,297,308     $ 318,328     $ 74,394     $ ( 12,291 )   $ 380,431   Exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units     42,014       2,778       -       -       2,778   Tax withholding on vesting of restricted stock units     ( 3,051 )     ( 572 )     -       -       ( 572 ) Dividends paid, $ 0.16 per share     -       -       ( 852 )     -       ( 852 ) Stock-based compensation expense     -       4,371       -       -       4,371   Foreign currency translation     -       -       -       ( 13,226 )     ( 13,226 ) Net income     -       -       1,306       -       1,306   September 30, 2022     5,336,271     $ 324,905     $ 74,848     $ ( 25,517 )   $ 374,236     *Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income.   See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.   Page 4 Table of Contents   M esa Laboratories, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) (in thousands)         Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022   Cash flows from operating activities:                 Net (loss)   $ ( 1,779 )   $ ( 132 ) Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:                 Depreciation and amortization     16,230       16,189   Stock-based compensation expense     6,151       7,803   Non-cash interest and debt amortization     461       452   Other     1,137       ( 1,544 ) Cash from changes in operating assets and liabilities:                 Accounts receivable, net     5,448       ( 2,657 ) Inventories     ( 184 )     ( 4,065 ) Prepaid expenses and other assets     ( 3,528 )     ( 3,052 ) Accounts payable     ( 1,307 )     243   Accrued liabilities and taxes payable     ( 1,743 )     ( 5,869 ) Unearned revenues     ( 1,171 )     378   Net cash provided by operating activities     19,715       7,746   Cash flows from investing activities:                 Purchases of property, plant and equipment     ( 904 )     ( 1,864 ) Net cash (used in) investing activities     ( 904 )     ( 1,864 ) Cash flows from financing activities:                 Payments of debt     ( 13,000 )     ( 22,000 ) Dividends     ( 1,721 )     ( 1,695 ) Proceeds from the exercise of stock options     356       4,216   Payment of tax withholding obligation on vesting of restricted stock     ( 714 )     ( 574 ) Net cash (used in) financing activities     ( 15,079 )     ( 20,053 ) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents     ( 1,025 )     ( 2,798 ) Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents     2,707       ( 16,969 ) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period     32,910       49,346   Cash and cash equivalents at end of period   $ 35,617     $ 32,377     See accompanying notes to Condensed C onsolidated Fin ancial Statements.   Page 5 Table of Contents   Mesa Laboratories, Inc. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) (dollar and share amounts in thousands, unless otherwise specified)       Note 1 . Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies   Description of Business   In this quarterly report on Form 10 -Q, Mesa Laboratories, Inc., a Colorado corporation, together with its subsidiaries, is collectively referred to as “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company,” or “Mesa.”   We are a multinational manufacturer, developer, and seller of life science tools and critical quality control products and services, many of which are sold into niche markets driven by regulatory requirements. We have manufacturing operations in the United States and Europe, and our products are marketed by our sales personnel in North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific, and by independent distributors in these areas as well as throughout the rest of the world. We prefer markets in which we can establish a strong presence and achieve high gross profit margins.   As of September 30, 2023 , we managed our operations in four reportable segments, or divisions:     ● Sterilization and Disinfection Control - manufactures and sells biological, cleaning, and chemical indicators used to assess the effectiveness of sterilization and disinfection processes in the pharmaceutical, medical device, hospital, and dental industries. The division also provides testing and laboratory services, mainly to the dental industry.    ● Clinical Genomics - develops, manufactures and sells highly sensitive, low-cost, high-throughput genetic analysis tools and related consumables and services that enable clinical labs to perform genomic testing for a broad range of diagnostic and research applications in several therapeutic areas, such as screenings for hereditary diseases, pharmacogenetics, and oncology related applications.   ● Biopharmaceutical Development  - develops, manufactures, and sells automated systems for protein analysis (immunoassays) and peptide synthesis solutions. Immunoassays and peptide synthesis solutions accelerate the discovery, development, and manufacture of biotherapeutic therapies, among other applications.    ● Calibration Solutions  - develops, manufactures and sells quality control products using principles of advanced metrology to measure or calibrate critical chemical or physical parameters in various dialysis, process monitoring, instrument monitoring, environmental monitoring, gas flow, environmental air quality, and torque applications, primarily in medical device manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, laboratory, and hospital environments.   Unallocated corporate expenses are reported within Corporate and Other.   Basis of Presentation   The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. In the opinion of management, such unaudited information includes all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair statement of our financial position and results of operations. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be achieved for the entire year. The year-end Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We made no material changes to the application of our significant accounting policies that were disclosed in our Form 10 -K. This quarterly report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10 -K for the year ended  March 31, 2023 .   Our fiscal year ends on March  31. References in this Quarterly Report to a particular “year” or “quarter” refer to our fiscal year or fiscal quarters, respectively.   Prior Period Reclassifications   Certain prior year amounts presented have been reclassified to conform with current presentation. The reclassifications have  not  resulted in any changes to consolidated or segment amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements for any periods presented in this Form 10 -Q.   Risks and Uncertainties   The preparation of financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the reporting date and revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates represent management's judgment about the outcome of future events. The global business environment continues to be impacted by cost pressure, the overall effects of economic uncertainty on customers' purchasing patterns, high interest rates, and other factors. It is not possible to accurately predict the future impact of such events and circumstances. Actual results could differ from our estimates.   Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements   We have reviewed all recently issued accounting pronouncements and have concluded that they are either not applicable to us or are not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.   Page 6 Table of Contents   Note 2 . Significant Transactions   Acquisition of GKE On October 14, 2023, we executed a purchase agreement to acquire 100 % of the outstanding shares of GKE GmbH and SAL GmbH, and subject to applicable Chinese regulatory approvals, 100 % of the outstanding shares of Beijing GKE Science & Technology Co. Ltd. (together, "GKE" or the "GKE acquisition"). GKE develops, manufactures and sells a highly competitive portfolio of chemical sterilization indicators to protect patient safety across global healthcare markets. GKE’s strength in chemical indicators and our Sterilization and Disinfection Control division’s strength in biologic indictors are complementary, as chemical and biologic indicators are used in the same sterility validation workflows. Additionally, GKE’s healthcare-focused commercial capabilities and geographic coverage greatly expand our reach within the healthcare markets.   Total cash consideration for the GKE acquisition was €85,000, net of cash and debt and subject to customary purchase price adjustments. Of the total acquisition price, €8,500 will be held back for a period of 18 months from the acquisition closing date as security against potential indemnification losses. An additional €5,000 of the acquisition price, net of cash and debt and subject to customary adjustments, specifically related to the purchase of Beijing GKE Science & Technology Co. Ltd., will be paid to the sellers upon satisfaction of applicable Chinese regulatory approvals. We funded the acquisition through a combination of cash on-hand and $ 65,000 borrowed under our line of credit (See Note 7. "Indebtedness"). We began operating GKE GmbH and SAL GmbH on October 16, 2023, on which date they will also be included as wholly owned subsidiaries in our consolidated financial statements. Due to the recent nature of the acquisition, our initial purchase price accounting is incomplete.    Belyntic GmbH On November 17, 2022, we acquired substantially all of the assets and certain liabilities of Belyntic GmbH’s peptide purification business (“the Belyntic acquisition”) for $ 6,450 , of which $ 4,950  was paid on the date of acquisition. The remaining $ 1,500  will be paid as patent applications are approved. The business complements our existing peptide synthesis business, part of the Biopharmaceutical Development segment, by adding a new consumables line. The new PurePep® EasyClean products are a green chemistry solution to purify peptides.   During fiscal year 2023 ,  we prepared a preliminary analysis of the valuation of net assets acquired in the Belyntic acquisition. During the six months ended September 30, 2023, based on a detailed financial analysis of the financial model, we recorded measurement period adjustments to reclassify amounts from intangible assets into goodwill. Our preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to further revision as more detailed analyses are completed.     Note 3. Revenue   We develop, manufacture, market, sell and maintain life sciences tools and quality control instruments and related consumables, and services. We evaluate revenues internally primarily based on operating segment and the nature of goods and services provided.   Hardware sales include physical products such as instruments used for molecular and genetic analysis, protein synthesizers, medical meters, wireless sensor systems, and data loggers. Hardware sales  may  be offered with accompanying perpetual or annual software licenses, which in some cases are required for the hardware to function.   Consumables are typically used on a  one -time basis and require frequent replacement in our customers' operating cycles. Consumables such as reagents used for molecular and genetic analysis or solutions used for protein synthesis are critical to the ongoing use of our instruments. Consumables such as biological indicator test strips are used on a standalone basis.   We also offer maintenance, calibration, and testing service contracts. Under our service contracts we perform labor and replace parts on an as-needed basis over a contractually specified period of time, or perform specific, discrete services.    Typically, revenue is recognized upon shipment of a product, upon completion of a discrete service, or over a period of time reflective of the performance period in the applicable contract, depending on when our obligation to the customer is satisfied. The significant majority of our revenues and related receivables are generated from contracts with customers that are  12  months or less in duration.   The following tables present disaggregated revenues for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023  and September 30,  2022 , respectively:       Three Months Ended September 30, 2023       Sterilization and Disinfection Control     Clinical Genomics     Biopharmaceutical Development     Calibration Solutions     Total                                             Consumables   $ 14,749     $ 9,963     $ 4,187     $ 786     $ 29,685   Hardware and Software     120       4,474       2,475       6,884       13,953   Services     2,211       1,112       2,545       3,659       9,527   Total Revenues   $ 17,080     $ 15,549     $ 9,207     $ 11,329     $ 53,165         Three Months Ended September 30, 2022       Sterilization and Disinfection Control     Clinical Genomics     Biopharmaceutical Development     Calibration Solutions     Total                                             Consumables   $ 14,704     $ 12,399     $ 4,000     $ 865     $ 31,968   Hardware and Software     218       4,394       5,988       5,980       16,580   Services     2,042       1,642       2,156       4,361       10,201   Total Revenues   $ 16,964     $ 18,435     $ 12,144     $ 11,206     $ 58,749     Page 7 Table of Contents       Six Months Ended September 30, 2023       Sterilization and Disinfection Control     Clinical Genomics     Biopharmaceutical Development     Calibration Solutions     Total   Consumables   $ 28,456     $ 18,732     $ 8,673     $ 1,295     $ 57,156   Hardware and Software     201       7,901       5,166       13,962       27,230   Services     4,350       2,285       5,257       7,532       19,424   Total Revenues   $ 33,007     $ 28,918     $ 19,096     $ 22,789     $ 103,810         Six Months Ended September 30, 2022       Sterilization and Disinfection Control     Clinical Genomics     Biopharmaceutical Development     Calibration Solutions     Total                                             Consumables   $ 26,932     $ 23,930     $ 7,664     $ 1,719     $ 60,245   Hardware and Software     524       5,885       10,812       11,673       28,894   Services     4,282       3,125       4,635       8,021       20,063   Total Revenues   $ 31,738     $ 32,940     $ 23,111     $ 21,413     $ 109,202     Revenues from external customers are attributed to individual countries based upon the locations to which the products are shipped or exported, or locations where services are performed, as follows:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   United States   $ 27,073     $ 30,989     $ 53,610     $ 60,111   China     7,529       7,480       13,642       11,177   Other     18,563       20,280       36,558       37,914   Total revenues   $ 53,165     $ 58,749     $ 103,810     $ 109,202     Other than China, no  foreign country exceeded  10% of total revenues for the  three and six months ended September 30, 2023  and  2022 .   Contract Balances Our contracts have varying payment terms and conditions. Some customers prepay for products and services, resulting in unearned revenues or customer deposits, called contract liabilities. Short-term contract liabilities are included within unearned revenues in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and long-term contract liabilities are included within other long-term liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.   A summary of contract liabilities is as follows:   Contract liabilities as of March 31, 2023   $ 16,098   Prior year contract liabilities recognized in revenues during the six months ended September 30, 2023     ( 6,399 ) Contract liabilities added during the six months ended September 30, 2023, net of revenues recognized     4,934   Contract liabilities balance as of September 30, 2023   $ 14,633     Contract liabilities primarily relate to service contracts with original expected service durations of 12 months or less and will be recognized to revenue over time as our performance obligations are satisfied.   Page 8 Table of Contents     Note 4. Fair Value Measurements   Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, obligations under trade accounts payable, and debt. Due to their short-term nature, the carrying values for cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, and trade accounts payable approximate fair value; they are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.    Historically, the financial instruments that subject us to the highest concentration of credit risk are cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We maintain relationships and cash deposits at multiple banking institutions across the world in an effort to diversify and reduce risk of loss. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited to customers to whom we make significant sales. No customers accounted for more than 10% of total trade receivables as of September 30, 2023 .   We record an allowance for potential uncollectible amounts against our accounts receivable using historical collection experience and current and expected future economic and market conditions. To manage credit risk, we consider the creditworthiness of new and existing customers, and we regularly review outstanding balances and payment histories. We  may  require pre-payments from customers under certain circumstances and  may  limit future purchases until payments are made on past due amounts.   We have outstanding $ 172,500  aggregate principal amount of  1.375 % convertible senior notes due  August 15, 2025 ( the "Notes"). We estimate the fair value of the Notes using Level 2 inputs based on the last actively traded price or observable market input preceding the end of the reporting period, and the fair value is approximately correlated to our stock price.   The estimated fair value and carrying value of the Notes was as follows:       September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023       Carrying Value     Fair Value (Level 2)     Carrying Value     Fair Value (Level 2)   Notes   $ 170,733     $ 155,681     $ 170,272     $ 161,072     We are obligated to pay contingent consideration of $ 1,500 cash related to the Belyntic acquisition upon approval of pending patent applications. We estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration using a probability-weighted outcome analysis based on our expectations of patent approval, leveraging our historical experience and expert input, and we adjust the estimated fair value at each reporting period through earnings. The fair value of the contingent consideration was $ 1,180 as of September 30, 2023  and is recorded in other accrued expenses on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The first subset of patents was granted by the European Patent Office effective October 18, 2023, and we anticipate approval of the remaining pending patents within one year of September 30, 2023 .   Amounts recognized or disclosed at fair value in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements on a nonrecurring basis include the initial recognition and disclosure of most assets and liabilities purchased in business acquisitions and any related measurement period adjustments. Additionally, assets such as property and equipment, operating lease assets, goodwill, and other intangible assets are adjusted to fair value if determined to be impaired. We recorded no impairments during the three and six  months ended September 30, 2023  or 2022 . Fair values of such assets and liabilities require measurement using Level 3 inputs.   There were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023  or  2022 .     Note 5. Supplemental Balance Sheets Information   Inventories consisted of the following:       September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023   Raw materials   $ 20,203     $ 20,064   Work in process     633       617   Finished goods     12,043       13,961   Total inventories   $ 32,879     $ 34,642     The decrease in inventories is primarily attributable to non-cash scrap expense and transfers of instruments to be used in our business from inventory to fixed assets, partially offset by inventory purchases to meet current production needs.    Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:        September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023   Prepaid expenses   $ 3,494     $ 2,498   Deposits     1,563       1,376   Prepaid income taxes     3,534       953   Other current assets     4,235       4,045   Total prepaid expenses and other   $ 12,826     $ 8,872     Accrued payroll and benefits consisted of the following:       September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023   Bonus payable   $ 3,317     $ 4,461   Wages and paid-time-off payable     2,139       2,329   Payroll related taxes     1,854       1,982   Other benefits payable     1,043       661   Total accrued payroll and benefits   $ 8,353     $ 9,433     Page 9 Table of Contents   Other accrued expenses consisted of the following:        September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023   Accrued business taxes   $ 6,079     $ 5,941   Current operating lease liabilities     2,784       2,868   Income taxes payable     343       992   Other     3,131       2,297   Total other accrued expenses   $ 12,337     $ 12,098       Note 6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net   Intangible assets, the significant majority of which are finite-lived, consisted of the following:       September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023       Gross Carrying Amount     Accumulated Amortization     Net Carrying Amount     Gross Carrying Amount     Accumulated Amortization     Net Carrying Amount   Customer relationships   $ 231,543     $ ( 94,486 )   $ 137,057     $ 238,247     $ ( 86,058 )   $ 152,189   Intellectual property     66,576       ( 23,160 )     43,416       65,950       ( 19,550 )     46,400   Other intangibles     24,437       ( 7,230 )     17,207       24,793       ( 6,567 )     18,226   Total   $ 322,556     $ ( 124,876 )   $ 197,680     $ 328,990     $ ( 112,175 )   $ 216,815     Amortization expense for finite-lived intangible assets acquired in a business combination was as follows:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   Amortization in cost of revenues   $ 1,756     $ 1,691     $ 3,484     $ 3,399   Amortization in general and administrative     5,429       5,415       10,921       11,027   Total   $ 7,185     $ 7,106     $ 14,405     $ 14,426     For the following fiscal years ending March 31, amortization expense is estimated as follows:   Remainder of 2024   $ 13,803   2025     26,523   2026     25,765   2027     25,270   2028     24,825     The change in the carrying amount of goodwill was as follows:       Sterilization and Disinfection Control     Clinical Genomics     Biopharmaceutical Development     Calibration Solutions     Total   March 31, 2023   $ 29,559     $ 135,811     $ 83,857     $ 37,217       286,444   Effect of foreign currency translation     ( 201 )     ( 180 )     ( 3,612 )     ( 24 )     ( 4,017 ) Measurement period adjustment - Belyntic Acquisition     -       -       841       -       841   September 30, 2023   $ 29,358     $ 135,631     $ 81,086     $ 37,193     $ 283,268     Goodwill in the Biopharmaceutical Development division related to the Belyntic acquisition is tax deductible.   Note 7 .  Indebtedness   Credit Facility As of  September 30, 2023 , we maintained a four -year senior credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) that included  1 ) a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of up to $ 75,000 ,  2 ) a swingline loan in an aggregate principal amount  not  exceeding $ 5,000 , and  3 ) letters of credit in an aggregate stated amount  not  exceeding $ 2,500 . The Credit Facility matures in March 2025. The Credit Facility also provides for an incremental term loan or an increase in revolving commitments in an aggregate principal amount of at a minimum $ 25,000  and at a maximum $ 75,000 , subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and lender considerations. As of September 30, 2023 , we had no outstanding balances under the Credit Facility.   The financial covenants in the Credit Facility include a maximum leverage ratio of 4.5  to  1.0  for the period ended September 30, 2023 , except that we  may  have a leverage ratio of  5.75  to  1.0  for a period of  four  consecutive quarters following a permitted acquisition. The Credit Facility also stipulates a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of  1.25  to  1.0.  Other covenants include restrictions on our ability to incur debt, grant liens, make fundamental changes, engage in certain transactions with affiliates, or conduct asset sales. As of  September 30, 2023 , we were in compliance with all covenants. Table of Contents   Amounts borrowed under the Credit Facility bear interest at either a base rate or a SOFR rate plus an applicable spread. We are obligated to pay quarterly unused commitment fees of between 0.15 % and 0.35 % of the Credit Facility’s aggregate principal amount, based on our leverage ratio.    On October 5, 2023, we amended the terms of the Credit Facility to increase the maximum principal amount available to us from $ 75,000 to $ 125,000 . On October 11, 2023, we borrowed $ 65,000 under the facility at a current interest rate of 6.9 % to partially fund the acquisition of GKE. See Note 2. "Significant Transactions" for further information.   Page 10 Table of Contents   Convert ible Notes  On August 12, 2019, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $ 172,500 of Notes. The net proceeds from the Notes, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other related offering expenses payable by us, were approximately $ 167,056 . The Notes mature on August 15, 2025, unless earlier repurchased or converted, and bear interest at a rate of 1.375 % payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 each year. The Notes are initially convertible, subject to certain conditions, at a conversion rate of  3.5273  shares of common stock per  $ 1,000  principal amount of Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $ 283.50  per share of common stock.    Upon conversion, we will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election. The circumstances necessary for conversion were not met during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 . As of September 30, 2023 , the Notes were classified as a long-term liability on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The if-converted value of the Notes did not exceed the principal balance as of  September 30, 2023 .   The net carrying amount of the Notes was as follows:       September 30, 2023     March 31, 2023   Principal outstanding   $ 172,500     $ 172,500   Unamortized debt issuance costs     ( 1,767 )     ( 2,228 ) Net carrying value   $ 170,733     $ 170,272     We recognized interest expense on the Notes as follows:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   Coupon interest expense at 1.375%   $ 593     $ 593     $ 1,186     $ 1,186   Amortization of debt issuance costs     231       227       461       452   Total interest and amortization of debt issuance costs   $ 824     $ 820     $ 1,647     $ 1,638     The effective interest rate on the notes is approximately 1.9 %.     Note 8 . Stockholders' Equity   Stock-Based Compensation During the six months ended September 30, 2023 , we issued stock options, restricted stock units ("RSUs") and performance-based restricted stock units ("PSUs") pursuant to the Mesa Laboratories, Inc. Amended and Restated 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2021 Equity Plan"), which authorizes the issuance of 660 shares of common stock to eligible participants.   Expense recognized related to stock-based compensation is as follows:        Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   Stock-based compensation expense   $ 3,183     $ 4,371     $ 6,151     $ 7,803   Amount of income tax expense (benefit) recognized in earnings     1,389       ( 89 )     517       ( 2,081 ) Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax   $ 4,572     $ 4,282     $ 6,668     $ 5,722     Stock-based compensation expense is included in cost of revenues, selling, general and administrative, and research and development expense in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.    The following is a summary of stock option award activity for the six months ended September 30, 2023 :       Stock Options       Shares Subject to Options     Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share     Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)     Aggregate Intrinsic Value   Outstanding as of March 31, 2023     163     $ 200.62       3.3     $ 1,643   Awards granted     53       131.67                   Awards forfeited or expired     ( 15 )     213.22                   Awards exercised     ( 2 )     132.40                   Outstanding as of September 30, 2023     199     $ 181.90       3.7     $ -     Page 11 Table of Contents   The stock options granted during the six  months ended September 30, 2023  vest in equal installments on the first, second, and third anniversary of the grant date.   The following is a summary of RSU and PSU award activity for the six months ended September 30, 2023 :       Time-Based Restricted Stock Units     Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units       Number of Shares     Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share     Number of Shares     Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share   Outstanding as of March 31, 2023 (1)     57     $ 209.27       44     $ 286.02   Awards granted (1)     53       134.35       32       132.29   Awards forfeited     ( 3 )     179.82       -       -   Awards distributed     ( 25 )     208.33       -       -   Outstanding as of September 30, 2023 (1)     82     $ 162.48       76     $ 223.07     ( 1 ) Balances for PSUs are reflected at target.   Outstanding time-based RSUs vest and settle in shares of our common stock on a  one -for- one basis. The majority of the RSUs granted to employees during the six months ended September 30, 2023  vest in equal installments on the first, second, and third anniversary of the grant date. RSUs granted to certain executives during the six months ended  September 30, 2023 vest in equal installments on September 1, 2024, June 21, 2025 and June 21, 2026. RSUs granted to non-employee directors during the six months ended September 30, 2023 vest one year from the grant date. We recognize the expense relating to RSUs, net of estimated forfeitures, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.   We grant PSUs to certain key employees. The number of shares earned is determined at the end of each performance period based on Mesa's achievement of certain pre-defined targets defined in the related award agreement. PSUs vest upon completion of the service period described in the award agreement. We recognize the expense relating to the performance-based RSUs based on the probable outcome of achievement of the performance targets on a straight-line basis over the service period.    During the six months ended September 30, 2023 , the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors created a plan to award  32  PSUs at target (the "FY24 PSUs") with a grant date fair value of $ 132.29 that are subject to service, performance, and market conditions to eligible employees. The service period is from April 1, 2023 through June 21, 2026. The company performance conditions will be measured for the period from April 1, 2023 through  March 31, 2024. The quantity of shares that will be earned based upon company performance will range from  0 % to  200 % of the targeted number of shares; if the defined minimum targets are  not  met, then  no  shares will vest for performance. In addition, the number of PSUs earned based on company performance will be adjusted up or down by a maximum of  20 % pursuant to a market-based measure of performance comparing Mesa’s share price to a peer group over the period from April 1, 2023 until March 31, 2026.      Note 9 .   Net  (Loss) Earnings Per Share   Basic net (loss) earnings per share is computed by dividing net (loss) income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted (loss) earnings per share (“diluted EPS”) is computed similarly to basic (loss) earnings per share, except that it includes the potential dilution that could occur if dilutive securities were exercised. Potentially dilutive securities include stock options and both time and performance based RSUs (collectively “stock awards”), as well as common shares underlying our Notes. Stock awards are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS if they are subject to performance conditions that have not yet been achieved or if they are antidilutive. Diluted EPS does not consider the impact of potentially dilutive in periods in which there is a loss because the inclusion of the potential common shares would have an antidilutive effect in such cases.   The impact of the assumed conversion of the Notes calculated under the if-converted method was antidilutive, and as such, shares underlying the Notes were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023  and September 30, 2022.   The following table presents a reconciliation of the denominators used in the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   Net (loss) income   $ ( 1,230 )   $ 1,306     $ ( 1,779 )   $ ( 132 ) Weighted average outstanding shares of common stock     5,387       5,323       5,379       5,298   Dilutive effect of stock options     -       27       -       -   Dilutive effect of RSUs     -       14       -       -   Fully diluted shares     5,387       5,364       5,379       5,298                                     Basic (loss) earnings per share   $ ( 0.23 )   $ 0.25     $ ( 0.33 )   $ ( 0.02 ) Diluted (loss) earnings per share   $ ( 0.23 )   $ 0.24     $ ( 0.33 )   $ ( 0.02 )   Page 12 Table of Contents   The following stock awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   Assumed conversion of the Notes     608       608       608       608   Stock awards that were anti-dilutive     282       154       255       328   Stock awards subject to performance and market conditions     43       60       41       52   Total stock awards excluded from diluted EPS     933       822       904       988       Note 10 . Income Taxes   For interim income tax reporting, we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply this effective tax rate to our year-to-date pre-tax income. Each quarter, our estimate of the annual effective tax rate is updated, and if the estimated effective tax rate changes, a cumulative adjustment is made. Additionally, the tax effects of significant unusual or infrequently occurring items are recognized as discrete items in the interim period in which the events occur. There is a potential for volatility in the effective tax rate due to several factors, including changes in the mix of the pre-tax income and the jurisdictions to which they relate, changes in tax laws and foreign tax holidays, settlement with taxing authorities, and foreign currency fluctuations.   Our effective income tax rate was 21.4 % for the six months ended September 30, 2023  and 93.5 % for the six months ended September 30, 2022.  The effective tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2023  differed from the statutory federal rate of 21 % primarily due to the share-based payment awards for employees and the effect of income generated in foreign jurisdictions. The change in our effective tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior period is primarily due to lower windfall benefits on stock option exercises.     Note 11 . Commitments and Contingencies   We review the adequacy of our legal reserves on a quarterly basis and establish reserves for loss contingencies that are both probable and reasonably estimable. As of September 30, 2023 , there were no material legal reserves recorded on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.   As part of the Belyntic acquisition, we have agreed to pay $ 1,500  to the sellers if contractually specified patents are issued. Effective October 18, 2023, a subset of the patents was issued by the European Patent Office, and we believe it is probable the remaining patents will be issued and we will pay the sellers in full within the next 12 months.    As part of the GKE acquisition consummated on October 14, 2023, we will pay the sellers €8,500 of the acquisition price 18 months following the acquisition date, pending adjustments for potential indemnification losses that may arise. We will pay the sellers an additional €5,000 of the acquisition price, net of cash and debt and subject to customary adjustments, upon satisfaction of Chinese regulatory approvals for the Beijing GKE Science & Technology Co. Ltd. portion of the acquisition.     Note 12 . S egment Information   The following tables set forth our segment information:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022     2023     2022   Revenues:                                 Sterilization and Disinfection Control   $ 17,080     $ 16,964     $ 33,007     $ 31,738   Clinical Genomics     15,549       18,435       28,918       32,940   Biopharmaceutical Development     9,207       12,144       19,096       23,111   Calibration Solutions     11,329       11,206       22,789       21,413   Total revenues (a)   $ 53,165     $ 58,749     $ 103,810     $ 109,202                                     Gross profit:                                 Sterilization and Disinfection Control   $ 12,476     $ 12,199     $ 24,067     $ 22,967   Clinical Genomics     7,727       10,641       14,455       18,490   Biopharmaceutical Development     5,509       7,557       11,942       14,634   Calibration Solutions     6,407       6,007       12,838       11,671   Reportable segment gross profit     32,119       36,404       63,302       67,762   Corporate and Other (b)     ( 10 )     ( 18 )     ( 10 )     ( 35 ) Gross profit   $ 32,109     $ 36,386     $ 63,292     $ 67,727   Reconciling Items:                                 Operating expense     32,169       32,391       64,016       68,326   Operating (loss) income     ( 60 )     3,995       ( 724 )     ( 599 ) Nonoperating expense, net     1,265       611       1,538       1,429   (Loss) earnings before income taxes   $ ( 1,325 )   $ 3,384     $ ( 2,262 )   $ ( 2,028 )     (a) Intersegment revenues are not significant and are eliminated to arrive at consolidated totals.   (b) Unallocated corporate expenses are reported within Corporate and Other.    Page 13 Table of Contents   The following table sets forth inventories by reportable segment. Our chief operating decision maker is  not  provided with any other segment asset information.       September 30,     March 31,       2023     2023   Sterilization and Disinfection Control   $ 3,889     $ 3,492   Clinical Genomics     11,330       13,985   Biopharmaceutical Development     8,541       8,384   Calibration Solutions     9,119       8,781   Total inventories   $ 32,879     $ 34,642       Item 2 . Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)   Forward Looking Statements   This   Quarterly   Report on Form 10-Q   contains forward-looking statements which are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of Section   27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section   21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ” ). The forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q   do not constitute guarantees of future performance. Investors are cautioned that statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q   which are not strictly historical statements, including, without limitation, express or implied statements or guidance regarding current or future financial performance and position; results of acquisitions; management ’ s strategy, plans and objectives for future operations or acquisitions, product development and sales; product research and development; and adequacy of capital resources and financing plans constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry and markets in which the Company operates, and management ’ s beliefs and assumptions. In addition, other written and oral statements that constitute forward-looking statements may be made by the Company or on the Company ’ s behalf. Words such as   “ seek, ” “ believe, ” “ may, ” “ intend, ” “ could, ” “ expect, ” “ anticipate, ” “ plan, ” “ target, ” “ estimate, ” “ project, ” or variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated, including risks associated with:   our ability to successfully grow our business, including as a result of acquisitions; the effect that acquisitions have on our operations; our ability to consummate acquisitions at our historical rate and at appropriate prices, and our ability to   effectively integrate acquired businesses and achieve desired results; the market acceptance of our products; technological or market viability of our products; reduced demand for our products, including as a result of competitive factors; conditions in the global economy and the particular markets we serve;   significant developments or uncertainties stemming from governmental actions, including changes in   trade policies and medical device regulations; the timely development and commercialization, and customer acceptance, of enhanced and new products and services; retirement of old products and customer migration to new products; projections of revenues, growth, operating results, profit margins, earnings, expenses,   margins, tax rates, tax provisions, liquidity, cash flows,   demand, and competition; the effects of additional actions taken to become more efficient or lower costs ;  supply chain challenges; cost pressures and the overall effects of the current high inflation environment on customers ’ purchasing patterns; laws regulating fraud and abuse in the health care industry and the privacy and security of health and personal information; product liability; information security; outstanding claims, legal and regulatory proceedings; international business challenges including anti-corruption and sanctions laws and political developments; tax audits and assessments and other contingent liabilities;   foreign currency exchange rates and fluctuations in those rates; general economic, industry, and capital markets conditions, including rising interest rates and potential recessionary conditions ; the timing of any of the foregoing ; and assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.   Such risks and uncertainties also include those listed in Item 1A. “ Risk Factors ” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023 and in this report.   The foregoing list sets forth many, but not all, of the factors that could impact our ability to achieve results described in any forward-looking statements.   We disclaim any obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.   Overview   We are a multinational manufacturer, developer, and seller of life science tools and quality control products and services, many of which are sold into niche markets driven by regulatory requirements. We have manufacturing operations in the United States and Europe, and our products are marketed by our sales personnel in North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific, as well as by independent distributors in these areas and throughout the rest of the world. We prefer markets in which we can establish a strong presence and achieve high gross profit margins.    As of September 30, 2023, we managed our operations in four reportable segments, or divisions: Sterilization and Disinfection Control, Clinical Genomics, Biopharmaceutical Development, and Calibration Solutions. Each of our divisions is described further in "Results of Operations" below. Unallocated corporate expenses and other business activities are reported within "Corporate and Other."   Corporate Strategy We strive to create stakeholder value and further our purpose of Protecting the Vulnerable ®  by growing our business both organically and through acquisitions, by improving our operating efficiency, and by continuing to hire, develop and retain top talent. As a business, we commit to our purpose of Protecting the Vulnerable ®  every day by taking a customer-focused approach to developing, building, and delivering our products. We serve a broad set of industries, in particular the pharmaceutical, healthcare services, and medical device verticals, in which the safety, quality, and efficacy of products is critical. By delivering the highest quality products possible, we are committed to protecting the communities we serve.   Organic Revenues Growth Organic revenues growth is driven by the expansion of our customer base, increases in sales volumes, new product offerings, and price increases, and may be affected positively or negatively by changes in foreign currency rates. Our ability to increase organic revenues is affected by general economic conditions, both domestic and international, customer capital spending trends, competition, and the introduction of new products. Our policy is to price our products competitively and, where possible, we pass along cost increases to our customers in order to maintain our margins. We typically evaluate costs and pricing annually with price increases effective January 1.   Page 14 Table of Contents   Inorganic Growth - Acquisitions Over the past decade, we have consummated a number of acquisitions as part of our growth strategy. These acquisitions have allowed us to expand our product offerings, globalize our company, and increase the scale at which we operate, which in turn affords us the ability to improve our operating efficiency, extend our customer base, and further the pursuit of our purpose: Protecting the Vulnerable®.   Improving Our Operating Efficiency We maximize value in our existing businesses and those we acquire by implementing efficiencies in our manufacturing, commercial, engineering, and administrative operations. We achieve efficiencies using the four pillars that make up the Mesa Way , which is our customer-centric, lean-based system for continuously improving and operating our high-margin, niche businesses. The Mesa Way  is focused on: Measuring What Matters using our customers' perspective and setting high standards for performance; Empowering Teams to improve operationally and exceed customer expectations; Sustainably Improving using lean-based tools designed to help us identify and prioritize the biggest opportunities; and Always Learning so that performance continuously improves.    Gross profit is affected by many factors including our product mix, manufacturing efficiencies, costs of products and labor, foreign currency rates, and price competition. Historically, as we have integrated our acquisitions and taken advantage of manufacturing efficiencies, our gross profit percentages for some products have improved. There are, however, differences in gross profit percentages between product lines, and ultimately the mix of sales will continue to impact our overall gross profit.   Hire, Develop, and Retain Top Talent At the center of our organization are talented people who are capable of taking on new challenges using a team approach. It is our exceptionally talented workforce that works together and uses our lean-based tool set to find ways to continuously and sustainably improve our products, our services, and ourselves, resulting in long-term value creation for our stakeholders.    General Trends   We are a global company, with multinational operations. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, approximately 49% and 48% of our revenues, respectively, were earned outside of the United States. Since we serve a number of industries across a variety of global markets, we may be affected by world-wide, regional, or industry-specific economic or political factors, trends and costs associated with a global labor force, and increasing regulation. However, our diversity in industry, geography, and product and service offerings may limit the impact of changes in specific industry trends or local economic changes in our consolidated operating results. We actively monitor trends affecting industries we operate in, including by monitoring key competitors and customers and by staying abreast of changes to local economies and how they may affect our operations.     Several challenging macroeconomic factors persisted during the second quarter of fiscal year 2024, including continued softening of discretionary capital asset purchases across the life sciences tools market, high interest rates, and high inflation, all of which contributed to the decline in our organic revenues growth year to date. On the other hand, supply chain disruptions, labor shortages and resulting manufacturing difficulties that impacted business operations in fiscal year 2023 largely abated during the six months ended September 30, 2023, which allowed us to largely maintain our gross profit margins as a percentage of revenues. Additionally, in response to weaker revenues, we worked to reduce operating expenses, taking steps to preserve our financial model. For example, we incurred approximately $350 in costs related to a reduction in force during the six months ended September 30, 2023; however, the reduction in force is expected to result in annual savings of approximately $2,000 starting in our fiscal third quarter. We continue to invest in growing the company organically and through further acquisitions, which helps us address the rapid pace of technological change in our served markets, further globalize our business, and be responsive to customers throughout the world. To that end, we completed the acquisition of GKE in October 2023. The results of GKE's operations and the benefits of the acquisition will be consolidated into our financial statements beginning in the third quarter of fiscal year 2024. Overall, our operating expenses, which include approximately $505 of one-time GKE acquisition costs, decreased during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in the prior year, demonstrating that adjustments to our operations allowed us to largely preserve our financial model despite challenges in the macroeconomic environment.    A weakening or strengthening of foreign currencies against the United States dollar ("USD") increases or decreases our reported revenues, gross profit margins, and operating expenses, and impacts the comparability of our results between periods. Generally, the USD strengthening against major currencies adversely impacts our reported revenues, but to a lesser extent, positively impacts our reported expenses; conversely, the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies positively impacts our reported revenues but negatively impacts our reported expenses. The ultimate impact to gross profit as a percentage of revenue depends on the magnitude of changes in foreign currencies.    Page 15 Table of Contents   Results of Operations   Our results of operations and period-over-period changes are discussed in the following section. The tables and discussion below should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto appearing in Item 1.  Financial Statements (in thousands, except percent data).   Revenues from our reportable segments for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 decreased 10% and 5%, respectively, largely due to softening demand for new capital equipment in the pharmaceutical markets, including lower demand for hardware sold by our Biopharmaceutical Development. Revenues also decreased compared to the corresponding prior year periods due to the fiscal year 2023 loss of Sema4, a significant customer in our Clinical Genomics business.    Although revenues were lower in the first two quarters of fiscal year 2024 compared to the prior year periods, gross profit as a percentage of revenues did not fall significantly due to our proactive cost containment efforts and favorable product mix. Modest gross profit percentage declines of 2% and 1%, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the same periods in the prior year are primarily due to lower revenues on a partially fixed cost base, offset by our efforts to preserve our financial model.    Results by reportable segment are as follows:       Revenues     Organic Revenues Growth     Gross Profit as a % of Revenues       Three Months Ended September 30, 2023     Three Months Ended September 30, 2022     Three Months Ended September 30, 2023     Three Months Ended September 30, 2022     Three Months Ended September 30, 2023     Three Months Ended September 30, 2022   Sterilization and Disinfection Control   $ 17,080     $ 16,964       0.7 %     20.9 %     73 %     72 % Clinical Genomics     15,549       18,435       (15.7 %)     N/A       50 %     58 % Biopharmaceutical Development     9,207       12,144       (24.4 %)     15.0 %     60 %     62 % Calibration Solutions     11,329       11,206       1.1 %     (0.4 %)     57 %     54 % Mesa's reportable segments   $ 53,165     $ 58,749       (9.6 %)     12.5 %     60 %     62 %       Revenues     Organic Revenues Growth     Gross Profit as a % of Revenues       Six Months Ended September 30, 2023     Six Months Ended September 30, 2022     Six Months Ended September 30, 2023     Six Months Ended September 30, 2022     Six Months Ended September 30, 2023     Six Months Ended September 30, 2022   Sterilization and Disinfection Control   $ 33,007     $ 31,738       4.0 %     8.8 %     73 %     72 % Clinical Genomics     28,918       32,940       (12.2 %)     N/A       50 %   56 % Biopharmaceutical Development     19,096       23,111       (17.8 %)     18.9 %     63 %     63 % Calibration Solutions     22,789       21,413       6.4 %     (3.3 %)     56 %     55 % Mesa's reportable segments   $ 103,810     $ 109,202       (5.0 %)     7.8 %     61 %     62 %   Our unaudited condensed consolidated results of operations are as follows:       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Revenues   $ 53,165     $ 58,749       (10 %)   $ 103,810     $ 109,202       (5 %) Gross profit     32,109       36,386       (12 %)     63,292       67,727       (7 %) Operating expense     32,169       32,391       (1 %)     64,016       68,326       (6 %) Operating (loss) income     (60 )     3,995       (102 %)     (724 )     (599 )     21 % Net (loss) income   $ (1,230 )   $ 1,306       (194 %)   $ (1,779 )   $ (132 )     1,248 %   Page 16 Table of Contents   Reportable Segments   Sterilization and Disinfection Control The Sterilization and Disinfection Control Division manufactures and sells biological, cleaning, and chemical indicators used to assess the effectiveness of sterilization and disinfection processes in the pharmaceutical, medical device, hospital, and dental industries. The division also provides testing and laboratory services, mainly to the dental industry. Sterilization and disinfection control products are disposable and are used on a routine basis.       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Revenues   $ 17,080     $ 16,964       1 %   $ 33,007     $ 31,738       4 % Gross profit     12,476       12,199       2 %     24,067       22,967       5 % Gross profit as a % of revenues     73 %     72 %     1 %     73 %     72 %     1 %   Sterilization and Disinfection Control's revenues increased 1% and 4%, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods. The modest revenue increases for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 are attributable primarily to price, and to a lesser extent, volume increases against a difficult prior period comparison.   Sterilization and Disinfection Control's gross profit percentage increased 1% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods primarily due to higher revenues on a partially fixed cost base.    Clinical Genomics The Clinical Genomics division develops, manufactures and sells highly sensitive, low-cost, high-throughput genetic analysis tools and related consumables and services that enable clinical labs to perform genomic testing for a broad range of diagnostic and research applications in several therapeutic areas, such as screenings for hereditary diseases, pharmacogenetics, and oncology related applications.       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Revenues   $ 15,549     $ 18,435       (16 %)   $ 28,918     $ 32,940       (12 %) Gross profit     7,727       10,641       (27 %)     14,455       18,490       (22 %) Gross profit as a % of revenues     50 %     58 %     (8 %)     50 %     56 %     (6 %)   Clinical Genomics revenues decreased 16% and 12%, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods, primarily as a result of the loss of revenues from Sema4 at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. Excluding the loss of Sema4, revenues from our Clinical Genomics division would have been 3% lower during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to the fact that China earned unusually high revenues during the three months ended September 30, 2022 upon reopening from COVID lockdowns. Revenues would have been flat for the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year period, excluding the loss of Sema4.    Gross profit percentage for the Clinical Genomics division decreased 8% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 6% for the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods, primarily due to lower revenues on a partially fixed cost base, and to a lesser extent, unfavorable product mix, particularly due to the loss of high-margin consumables revenues from Sema4.    Although orders and revenues in China have been fairly strong in the first half of fiscal year 2024, we believe that ongoing macroeconomic slowdowns beginning in China may negatively affect our reported revenues and new orders in the second half of fiscal year 2024.    Biopharmaceutical Development Our Biopharmaceutical Development division develops, manufactures, and sells automated systems for protein analysis (immunoassays) and peptide synthesis solutions. Immunoassays and peptide synthesis solutions accelerate the discovery, development, and manufacture of biotherapeutic therapies, among other applications.        Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Revenues   $ 9,207     $ 12,144       (24 %)   $ 19,096     $ 23,111       (17 %) Gross profit     5,509       7,557       (27 %)     11,942       14,634       (18 %) Gross profit as a % of revenues     60 %     62 %     (2 %)     63 %     63 %     - %   Biopharmaceutical Development revenues decreased 24% and 17% for the three and months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to softening demand for capital equipment, partially offset by an increase in revenues from consumables and services as well as price increases. Given the current economic landscape, we cannot predict whether hardware sales will increase substantially during the third quarter of our fiscal year, as we have seen in the past, as our customers approach the end of their annual budget cycles. Despite adverse macroeconomic factors, revenues from consumables and services have continued to grow during fiscal year 2024.    Gross profit percentage for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 decreased 2% and remained flat, respectively, compared to the prior year periods. Revenues from consumables, which have slightly higher gross profit percentages than hardware in our Biopharmaceutical Division, have increased for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, and along with favorable product mix, this partially mitigated the impact of decreased hardware revenues.   Page 17 Table of Contents   Calibration Solutions The Calibration Solutions division develops, manufactures and sells quality control products using principles of advanced metrology to measure or calibrate critical chemical or physical parameters in various dialysis, process monitoring, instrument monitoring, environmental monitoring, gas flow, environmental air quality, and torque applications, primarily in medical device manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, laboratory, and hospital environments.       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Revenues   $ 11,329     $ 11,206       1 %   $ 22,789     $ 21,413       6 % Gross profit     6,407       6,007       7 %     12,838       11,671       10 % Gross profit as a % of revenues     57 %     54 %     3 %     56 %     55 %     1 %   Calibration Solutions revenues increased 1% and 6%, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods, primarily due to the abatement of production difficulties and supply constraints that had limited our ability to manufacture ordered quantities of certain products during the first six months of fiscal year 2023. This abatement has allowed us to return to normal operations during fiscal year 2024, driving increased orders along with a modest reduction of past due backlog.    The Calibration Solutions division's gross profit percentage increased 3% and 1% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to the prior year periods, primarily due to favorable product mix and increased revenues on a partially fixed cost base.   Operating Expense   Operating expense decreased 1% and 6%, respectively for the three and months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods, primarily as a result of lower stock-based compensation expense as the performance-based restricted stock units associated with the fiscal year 2022 acquisition of Agena Bioscience, Inc. were no longer amortizing in fiscal year 2024, along with the timing of award grants in fiscal year 2024. Cost savings from our strategic cost containment activities following the loss of Sema4 also contributed to the decrease in operating expenses, partially offset by regular annual wage increases.   Selling Selling expense is driven primarily by labor costs, including salaries and commissions; accordingly, it may vary with sales levels.       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Selling expense   $ 9,650     $ 9,200       5 %   $ 18,626     $ 19,223       (3 %) As a percentage of revenues     18 %     16 %     2 %     18 %     18 %     - %   Selling expense for the three months ended September 30, 2023 increased 5% compared to the prior year period, primarily as a result of our implementation of Salesforce in our Biopharmaceutical Development division and backfilling select open positions in our Biopharmaceutical Division. Selling expense for the six months ended September 30, 2023 decreased 3% compared to the prior year period, primarily as a result of lower commissions on lower revenues in fiscal year 2024, as well as other decreases in personnel costs realized from our proactive cost savings efforts initiated after the loss of Sema4.   General and Administrative Labor costs, non-cash stock-based compensation and non-cash amortization of intangible assets drive the substantial majority of our general and administrative expense.       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   General and administrative expense   $ 17,526     $ 18,202       (4 %)   $ 35,586     $ 38,414       (7 %) As a percentage of revenues     33 %     31 %     2 %     34 %     35 %     (1 %)   General and administrative expenses decreased 4% and 7%, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods, primarily as a result lower stock-based compensation expense, as well as lower professional services costs, partially offset by higher legal and other expenses related to the acquisition of GKE.    Research and Development Research and development expense is predominantly comprised of labor costs and costs of third-party consultants.       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Research and development expense   $ 4,993     $ 4,989       - %   $ 9,804     $ 10,689       (8 %) As a percentage of revenues     9 %     8 %     1 %     9 %     10 %     (1 %)   Research and development expenses were flat for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year period. Research and development expenses decreased 8% for the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to our cost containment efforts in fiscal year 2024 and the purchase of in-process research and development technology used to enhance an existing Sterilization and Disinfection Control division product offering during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023.   Nonoperating Expense, Net       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Nonoperating expense, net   $ 1,265     $ 611       107 %   $ 1,538     $ 1,429       8 %   Nonoperating expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2023 is composed primarily of interest expense and amortization of the debt issuance costs associated with the Notes and the Credit Facility as well as gains and losses on foreign currency transactions.    Page 18 Table of Contents   Income Taxes       Three Months Ended September 30,     Percentage     Six Months Ended September 30,     Percentage       2023     2022     Change     2023     2022     Change   Income tax (benefit)   $ (95 )   $ 2,078       (105 %)   $ (483 )   $ (1,896 )     (75 %) Effective tax rate     7.2 %     61.4 %     (54 %)     21.4 %     93.5 %     (72 %)   Our effective income tax rate was 7.2% and 21.4% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and 61.4% and 93.5% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to share-based payment awards for employees and the effect of income generated in foreign jurisdictions. The change in our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the prior year periods is primarily due to lower windfall benefits on stock option exercises.   Our future effective income tax rate depends on various factors, such as changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof, and the geographic composition of our pre-tax income. We carefully monitor these factors and adjust our effective income tax rate accordingly.   Net (Loss) Income Net (loss) income varies with changes in revenues, gross profit, and operating expense (and included $14,405 and $6,151 of non-cash amortization of intangible assets acquired in business combinations and stock-based compensation expense, respectively, for the six months ended September 30, 2023).   Market-Based Awards The performance-based restricted stock awards granted during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 included a market-based component.    Liquidity and Capital Resources   Our sources of liquidity include cash generated from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand, cash available from our Credit Facility and Open Market Sale Agreement SM , working capital, and potential additional equity and debt offerings. We believe that cash flows from operating activities and potential cash provided by borrowings from our Credit Facility or funds from our Open Market Sale Agreement SM , when necessary, will be sufficient to meet our ongoing operating requirements, scheduled interest payments on debt, dividend payments, and anticipated capital expenditures. At our option, we may settle the Notes in shares of our common stock or in cash, depending on conditions in the market and the share price of our common stock.    Our more significant uses of resources have historically included acquisitions, payments of debt and interest obligations, long-term capital expenditures, and quarterly dividends to shareholders. Working capital is the amount by which current assets exceed current liabilities. We had working capital of $77,846 and $75,616 as of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, and March 31, 2023, we had $35,617 and $32,910, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents.   As of September 30, 2023, Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $172,500 were outstanding and there was no outstanding balance under the Credit Facility. During the third quarter of fiscal year 2024, we amended our Credit Facility to increase the total principal amount available to us from $75,000 to $125,000. In October 2023, we borrowed $65,000 under our Credit Facility to partially fund the acquisition of GKE. At our current interest rate, we expect to incur interest expense of approximately $4,485 per year on borrowings of $65,000 under the Credit Facility.    In April 2022, we entered into an Open Market Sale Agreement SM  pursuant to which we may issue and sell, from time to time, shares of our common stock with an aggregate value of up to $150,000. We have not sold any shares under this agreement.    We routinely evaluate opportunities for strategic acquisitions. Future material acquisitions may require that we obtain additional capital, assume additional third-party debt or incur other long-term obligations. We believe that we have the ability to issue more equity or debt in the future in order to finance our acquisition and investment activities; however, additional equity or debt financing, or other transactions, may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.   We may from time to time repurchase or take other steps to reduce our debt. These actions may include retirements or refinancing of outstanding debt, pursuing privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise. The amount of debt that may be retired, if any, could be material. Retirement would be decided at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors and would depend on market conditions, our cash position, and other considerations.   Dividends We have paid regular quarterly dividends since 2003. We declared and paid dividends of $0.16 per share during each of the quarters ended June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2023, as well as each quarter of fiscal year 2023.   In October 2023, we announced that our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.16 per share of common stock, payable on December 15, 2023, to shareholders of record at the close of business on November 30, 2023.   Page 19 Table of Contents   Cash Flows   Our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities were as follows (in thousands):       Six Months Ended September 30,       2023     2022   Net cash provided by operating activities   $ 19,715     $ 7,746   Net cash (used in) investing activities     (904 )     (1,864 ) Net cash (used in) financing activities     (15,079 )     (20,053 )   Cash flows from operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 provided $19,715. Net loss and non-cash adjustments totaled $22,200 for the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $22,768 for the six months ended September 30, 2022. We generated $12,537 more cash from working capital in the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the six months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to higher collections on trade receivables and lower inventory purchases, as we were building safety stock during the six months ended September 30, 2023 to mitigate supply chain risks. Cash used in investing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 decreased compared to the six months ended September 30, 2022 as we purchased less capital equipment. Cash used by financing activities primarily resulted from $13,000 repaid on our Credit Facility during the six months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $22,000 for the six months ended September 30, 2022.    Contractual Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments   We are party to many contractual obligations that involve commitments to make payments to third parties in the ordinary course of business. For a description of our contractual obligations and other commercial commitments as of March 31, 2023, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 30, 2023.     On a consolidated basis, as of September 30, 2023, we had contractual obligations for open purchase orders of approximately $12,419 for routine purchases of supplies and inventory, which are payable in less than one year.    As part of the Belyntic acquisition, we agreed to pay $1,500 to the sellers if contractually specified patents related to the technology purchased are issued. One subset of the patents was approved by the European patent office effective October 18, 2023, and we believe it is probable the remaining patents will be issued and that we will pay the sellers in full within the next 12 months.    As part of the GKE acquisition consummated on October 14, 2023, we will pay the sellers €8,500 of the acquisition price 18 months following the acquisition date, pending adjustments for potential indemnification losses that may arise. We will pay the sellers an additional €5,000 of the acquisition price, net of cash and debt and subject to customary adjustments, upon satisfaction of applicable Chinese regulatory approvals for the Beijing GKE Science & Technology Co. Ltd. portion of the acquisition.   Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Critical accounting estimates are those that we believe are both significant and require us to make difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, often because we need to estimate the effect of inherently uncertain matters. These estimates are based on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be appropriate under the circumstances. Certain accounting policies that require significant management estimates and are deemed critical to our results of operations or financial position are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023, in the Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates section of Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . Although we believe that our estimates, assumptions, and judgements are reasonable, they are based upon information presently available. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions, judgments, or conditions.     I tem 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures a bout Market Risk   Foreign Currency Exchange Rates We face exchange rate risk from transactions with customers in countries outside the United States and from intercompany transactions between affiliates. Transactional exchange rate risk arises from the purchase and sale of goods and services in currencies other than the functional currency of the applicable subsidiary. We also face translational exchange rate risk related to the translation of financial statements of our foreign operations into U.S. dollars, our functional currency. Costs incurred and sales recorded by subsidiaries operating outside of the United States are translated into U.S. dollars using average exchange rates effective during the respective period. As a result, we are exposed to movements in the exchange rates of various currencies against the U.S. dollar. Our Biopharmaceutical Development division is particularly susceptible to currency exposures since it incurs a substantial portion of its expenses in Swedish Krona, while most of the division's revenue contracts are in U.S. dollars and euros. Therefore, when the Swedish Krona strengthens or weakens against the U.S. dollar, operating profits are increased or decreased, respectively. The effect of a change in currency exchange rates on our international subsidiaries' assets and liabilities is reflected in the accumulated other comprehensive income component of stockholders’ equity.   Interest Rates Our Credit Facility bears interest at either a base rate or a SOFR rate plus an applicable spread. We had no balance outstanding as of September 30, 2023; however, based on the most recently available interest rate and borrowings used to fund the GKE acquisition, we estimate that if interest rates increased 1 percentage point, we would incur approximately $650 of additional interest expense per year.   Inflation Risk Inflation generally impacts us by increasing our costs of labor, materials, and freight. The rates of inflation experienced in recent years have not had a significant impact on our financial statements as inflationary cost increases have been offset by annual price increases. However, any price increases imposed may lead to declines in sales volume if competitors do not similarly adjust prices. We cannot reasonably estimate our ability to successfully recover any impact of inflation cost increases into the future.   Other We have no derivative instruments. We have minimal exposure to commodity market risks.   Page 20 Table of Contents   Item 4. Controls and Procedures   We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.   Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures   As of September 30, 2023, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.    Prior Year Material Weaknesses   A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As disclosed in Part II Item 9A. "Controls and Procedures" in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023, during fiscal year 2023 we identified two material weaknesses in internal controls:    ● Fair Value Calculations - Management's review controls over fair value calculations including Management's preliminary valuation of the Belyntic Acquisition were insufficient. Specifically, Management failed to utilize resources with an appropriate level of knowledge and expertise in performing and reviewing the fair value calculations including the preliminary Belyntic valuation. ● Goodwill Impairment Assessment - Management's review controls over the qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment were insufficient to identify potential impairment triggers.   Remediation Status for Material Weaknesses in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting   During the six months ended September 30, 2023 we implemented our previously-disclosed remediation plans:   ● Fair Value Calculations - We obtained the services of a knowledgeable third-party valuation specialist to perform the fair value calculations for the Belyntic acquisition. ● Goodwill Impairment Assessment - Members of Management with requisite knowledge performed a formal quarterly analysis of potential impairment triggers.   As a result of our control activities, we have concluded that the material weaknesses above have been remediated as of September 30, 2023. We will continue to perform formal quarterly impairment trigger analyses in future periods. We will likewise continue to utilize a valuation specialist with the requisite knowledge to perform valuations for all future acquisitions of businesses, as such acquisitions occur.   Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting   Other than the remediation measures discussed above, during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 there were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.    Page 21 Table of Contents   Part II. Other Information   Item 1. Legal Proceedings   See Note 11. “Commitments and Contingencies” within Item 1. Financial Statements  for information regarding any legal proceedings in which we may be involved.   Item 1A. Risk factors   During the six months ended September 30, 2023, there were no material changes from the risk factors described in Item 1A.  Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023.    I tem 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities   The following table provides information about the Company's purchases of equity securities for the periods indicated:       Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)     Average Price Paid Per Share     Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(2)     Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs   July 2023     18       122.05       -       162,486   August 2023     -       -       -       162,486   September 2023     -       -       -       162,486   Total     18       122.05       -       162,486       (1) Shares purchased during the period were transferred to the Company from employees in satisfaction of minimum tax withholding obligations associated with the vesting of restricted stock awards during the period.   (2) On November 7, 2005, our Board of Directors adopted a share repurchase plan which allows for the repurchase of up to 300,000 of our common shares; however, no shares have been purchased under the plan in the last three fiscal years. This plan will continue until the maximum is reached or the plan is terminated by further action of the Board of Directors.       Item 5. Other Information   The following of our directors or officers entered into written plans for the purchase or sale of our securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Exchange Act Rule 10b5 - 1 (c) (each, a "trading arrangement") on the dates indicated:   Director John Schmieder entered into a trading arrangement on June 14, 2023 . The trading arrangement was effective through September 15, 2023 . The trading arrangement contemplated that Mr. Schmieder could sell up to 7,000 shares of Mesa Labs' common stock, subject to certain conditions.    Chief Financial Officer John Sakys entered into a trading arrangement on August 23, 2023 . The trading arrangement is effective through April 2, 2024. The trading arrangement contemplates that Mr. Sakys may exercise up to 2,500 non-qualified stock options and sell the resulting 2,500 shares of Mesa Labs' common stock, subject to certain conditions.   Senior Vice President of Continuous Improvement Brian Archbold entered into a trading arrangement on September 14, 2023 . The trading arrangement is effective through April 2, 2024 . The trading arrangement contemplates that Mr. Archbold may exercise 710 non-qualified stock options and sell the resulting 710 shares of Mesa Labs' common stock, subject to certain conditions. The trading arrangement further contemplates that Mr. Archbold may sell an additional 1,500 shares of Mesa Labs' common stock, subject to certain conditions.       Page 22 Table of Contents   Item 6. Exhibits   Exhibit No. Description of Exhibit 3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Mesa Laboratories, Inc. (incorporated by reference from exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 25, 2023 (Commission File Number: 000-11740)). 3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Mesa Laboratories, Inc. (incorporated by reference from exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 10, 2019 (Commission File Number: 000-11740)). 10.1+ Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement dated as of October 5, 2023 among the Company, the lenders party thereto, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, NA., as administrative agent. 31.1+ Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2+ Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.1* Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.2* Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101.INS+ XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 101.SCH+ Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. 101.CAL+ Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 101.DEF+ Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document 101.LAB+ Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE+ Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 104+ Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101.*).   + Filed herewith * Furnished herewith   Page 23 Table of Contents   Signatures   Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.     MESA LABORATORIES, INC. (Registrant)     DATED: November 6, 2023 BY: /s/ Gary M. Owens . Gary M. Owens Chief Executive Officer             DATED: November 6, 2023 BY: /s/ John V. Sakys John V. Sakys Chief Financial Officer                         Page 24