FORUM ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company’s control. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q regarding our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “will,” “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “continue,” “predict,” “potential,” “project” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise these statements unless required by law, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by the forward-looking statements we make in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. We disclose important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations in “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 25, 2020, and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These cautionary statements qualify all forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf. Overview We are a global oilfield products company, serving the drilling, downhole, subsea, completions and production sectors of the oil and natural gas industry. We design, manufacture and distribute products and engage in aftermarket services, parts supply and related services that complement our product offering. The Company's products include highly engineered capital equipment as well as products that are consumed in the drilling, well construction, production and transportation of oil and natural gas. These consumable products are used in drilling, well construction and completions activities, within the supporting infrastructure, and at processing centers and refineries. Our engineered capital products are directed at drilling rig equipment for new rigs, upgrades and refurbishment projects, subsea construction and development projects, pressure pumping equipment, the placement of production equipment on new producing wells, and downstream capital projects. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, approximately 82% of our revenue was derived from consumable products and activity-based equipment, while the balance was primarily derived from capital products with a small amount from rental and other services. We seek to design, manufacture and supply high quality reliable products that create value for our diverse customer base, which includes, among others, oil and natural gas operators, land and offshore drilling contractors, oilfield service companies, subsea construction and service companies, and pipeline and refinery operators. 19 A summary of the products and services offered by each segment is as follows: • Drilling & Downhole . This segment designs and manufactures products and provides related services to the drilling, well construction, artificial lift and subsea energy construction and services markets as well as other sectors such as alternative energy, defense and communications. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) capital equipment and a broad line of expendable drilling products consumed in the drilling process; (ii) well construction casing and cementing equipment, protection products for artificial lift equipment and cables, and composite plugs used for zonal isolation in hydraulic fracturing; and (iii) subsea remotely operated vehicles and trenchers, specialty components and tooling, and complementary subsea technical services. • Completions. This segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related services to the coiled tubing, stimulation and intervention markets. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) capital and consumable products sold to the pressure pumping, hydraulic fracturing and flowback services markets, including hydraulic fracturing pumps, pump consumables, cooling systems and flow iron as well as wireline cable and pressure control equipment used in the well completion and intervention service markets; and (ii) coiled tubing strings and coiled line pipe and related services. • Production . This segment designs, manufactures and supplies products and provides related equipment and services for production and infrastructure markets. The products and related services consist primarily of: (i) engineered process systems, production equipment, as well as specialty separation equipment; and (ii) a wide range of industrial valves focused on serving upstream, midstream, and downstream oil and natural gas customers as well as power and other general industries. Market Conditions The level of demand for our products is directly related to the activity levels, and the capital and operating budgets of our customers, which in turn are heavily influenced by energy prices and expectations as to future price trends. In addition, the availability of existing capital equipment adequate to serve exploration and production requirements, or lack thereof, drives demand for our capital equipment products. In March and April of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and associated actions taken around the world to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 caused a significant decline in economic activity and oil demand. At the same time, the OPEC+ oil producing nations ("OPEC+") increased production in an effort to grow market share, which further exacerbated the imbalance between supply and demand. The combination of these shocks in both supply and demand caused a significant decline in oil prices. In response, in the second quarter of 2020, OPEC+ agreed to a significant cut in oil production and North American exploration and production companies significantly reduced supply by shutting in producing wells and aggressively decreasing drilling and completion activities. Since that time, WTI prices have partially rebounded and stabilized around a price of approximately $40 per barrel. The extreme volatility and lower price environment have created an extremely challenging market for all sub-sectors of the oil and natural gas industry in 2020. Although oil demand and prices have increased from the lows reached at the beginning of the second quarter, global rig count continued to decline through the third quarter of 2020. Due to the poor market conditions, exploration and production companies in North America are under pressure to continue reducing existing production and minimize capital and maintenance expenditures. As a result, we have experienced a material reduction in demand for many of our products and consequently, our revenue. In addition, recently there has been an increase in bankruptcies and consolidation of exploration and production and service companies. A continuation of this trend going forward may lead to a further reduction in the demand for our products. Activity levels in international regions, as well as global offshore and subsea activity, have also been impacted by COVID-19 related activity disruptions. However, international revenue for our drilling and subsea capital equipment offerings have not declined as sharply due to longer project timelines for international drilling customers and the diversification of our subsea product line revenue outside of the oil and natural gas industry. Despite this, we anticipate that revenue for our international regions will continue to remain far below the level achieved during the last newbuild cycle due to lower oil demand and oversupply of relatively new or recently upgraded equipment. 20 Demand for products in our Valve Solutions product line is driven by capital projects and maintenance spending in the upstream, midstream and downstream markets. As such, revenue for our Valve Solutions product line has also been negatively affected by lower energy prices and the impacts of COVID-19 on the global economy. In addition, revenue for our Valve Solutions product line has been under pressure due to our distribution customers’ increased focus on decreasing the quantity of valves in their inventories in order to generate positive free cash flow. Although we have experienced some operational inefficiencies as a result of COVID-19, our manufacturing facilities and business operations have not experienced work stoppages due to COVID-19 or resulting government regulations. However, in response to the decline in demand for our products and decreases in revenue, we have implemented significant cost reduction actions, including exiting facilities, lowering headcount, lowering salaries, suspension of the Company’s matching contribution to the U.S. and Canada defined contribution retirement plans, and furloughs for select employee groups. The table below shows average crude oil and natural gas prices for West Texas Intermediate crude oil (“WTI”), United Kingdom Brent crude oil (“Brent”), and Henry Hub natural gas: Three Months Ended September 30, June 30, September 30, 2020 2020 2019 Average global oil, $/bbl West Texas Intermediate $ 40.89 $ 27.96 $ 56.34 United Kingdom Brent $ 42.91 $ 29.70 $ 61.95 Average North American Natural Gas, $/Mcf Henry Hub $ 2.00 $ 1.70 $ 2.38 The price of oil varied dramatically during the first half of 2020 with the spot prices for WTI and Brent falling from $61.14 and $67.77 per barrel, respectively, as of December 31, 2019 to lows below $15.00 per barrel in April 2020 followed by a partial recovery to $40.05 and $40.30 per barrel, respectively, as of September 30, 2020. We expect oil prices to remain below prior year levels due to lower demand, the impact of COVID-19 and supply surpluses. Natural gas prices increased in the third quarter 2020 with average price levels approximately 18% higher compared to the second quarter 2020. 21 The table below shows the average number of active drilling rigs, based on the weekly Baker Hughes Incorporated rig count, operating by geographic area and drilling for different purposes. Three Months Ended September 30, June 30, September 30, 2020 2020 2019 Active Rigs by Location United States 254 392 920 Canada 47 25 132 International 731 834 1,144 Global Active Rigs 1,032 1,251 2,196 Land vs. Offshore Rigs Land 836 1,029 1,921 Offshore 196 222 275 Global Active Rigs 1,032 1,251 2,196 U.S. Commodity Target Oil/Gas 180 308 756 Gas 72 82 163 Unclassified 2 2 1 Total U.S. Active Rigs 254 392 920 U.S. Well Path Horizontal 218 353 801 Vertical 15 14 53 Directional 21 25 66 Total U.S. Active Rigs 254 392 920 A substantial portion of our revenue is impacted by the level of rig activity and the number of wells completed. The average U.S. rig count for the third quarter 2020 was 35% and 72% lower compared to the second quarter of 2020 and the third quarter of 2019, respectively. The U.S. rig count was 805 at the beginning of 2020. Since then, the number of working rigs fell 70% to a low of 244 rigs in August 2020. Active rig levels for the remainder of 2020 are projected to remain significantly below prior year levels. Tariffs imposed in 2018 by the U.S. government on imports of selected products, including those sourced from China, have caused our raw material costs to remain at an increased level, primarily in our Coiled Tubing and Valve Solutions product lines. In response, we are taking actions to mitigate the impact, including through diversification of our supply chain and applying for tariff exemptions. The table below shows the amount of total inbound orders by segment: (in millions of dollars) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, June 30, September 30, September 30, September 30, 2020 2020 2019 2020 2019 Drilling & Downhole $ 38.7 $ 42.3 $ 80.0 $ 151.0 $ 240.3 Completions 18.4 14.2 64.5 82.5 215.5 Production 35.2 29.1 55.2 115.0 210.7 Total Orders $ 92.3 $ 85.6 $ 199.7 $ 348.5 $ 666.5 22 Results of operations Three months ended September 30, 2020 compared with three months ended September 30, 2019 Three Months Ended September 30, Change (in thousands of dollars, except per share information) 2020 2019 $ % Revenue: Drilling & Downhole $ 43,164 $ 88,294 $ (45,130) (51.1) % Completions 19,632 70,637 (51,005) (72.2) % Production 40,836 81,022 (40,186) (49.6) % Eliminations (26) (687) 661 * Total revenue 103,606 239,266 (135,660) (56.7) % Operating loss: Drilling & Downhole $ (13,207) $ 4,342 $ (17,549) (404.2) % Operating margin % (30.6) % 4.9 % Completions (11,896) (109) (11,787) (10,813.8) % Operating margin % (60.6) % (0.2) % Production (70) 2,301 (2,371) (103.0) % Operating margin % (0.2) % 2.8 % Corporate (7,706) (7,410) (296) (4.0) % Total segment operating loss (32,879) (876) (32,003) (3,653.3) % Operating margin % (31.7) % (0.4) % Transaction expenses 665 254 411 * Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment 2,962 532,336 (529,374) * Loss (gain) on disposal of assets and other 541 (107) 648 * Operating loss (37,047) (533,359) 496,312 93.1 % Interest expense 8,473 7,766 707 9.1 % Foreign exchange losses (gains) and other, net 3,445 (3,200) 6,645 * Gain on extinguishment of debt (28,734) — (28,734) * Deferred loan costs written off 303 — 303 * Gain realized on previously held equity investment — (1,567) 1,567 * Total other (income) expense, net (16,513) 2,999 (19,512) (650.6) % Loss before income taxes (20,534) (536,358) 515,824 96.2 % Income tax expense (benefit) 1,017 (3,371) 4,388 130.2 % Net loss $ (21,551) $ (532,987) $ 511,436 96.0 % Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 111,607 110,295 Diluted 111,607 110,295 Loss per share Basic $ (0.19) $ (4.83) Diluted $ (0.19) $ (4.83) * not meaningful We sold our equity interest in Ashtead in the third quarter of 2019. Therefore, our results of operations for the third quarter of 2020 may not be comparable to the results of operations for the third quarter of 2019. Refer to Note 4 Dispositions for additional information. 23 Revenue Our revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $103.6 million, a decrease of $135.7 million, or 56.7%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, our Drilling & Downhole, Completions, and Production segments comprised 41.7%, 18.9%, and 39.4% of our total revenue, respectively, which compared to 36.9%, 29.2%, and 33.9% of our total revenue, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The overall decline in revenue is primarily related to lower sales volumes due to the significant decrease in drilling and completions activity levels. The changes in revenue by operating segment consisted of the following: Drilling & Downhole segment — Revenue was $43.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $45.1 million, or 51.1%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease was driven by a $25.7 million, or 59.6%, decline in revenue for our Drilling Technologies product line due to lower sales volumes of consumable products and capital equipment as a result of the 72% decline in U.S. rig activity year-over-year. Revenue for our Downhole Technologies product line decreased by $15.7 million due to lower sales volumes of artificial lift products and well construction equipment due to the significant decline in drilling activity and well completions in 2020. The $3.8 million decline in revenue for our Subsea Technologies product line was relatively less than other product lines in the segment due to the diversification of sales of capital equipment to customers outside the oil and natural gas industry. Completions segment — Revenue was $19.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $51.0 million, or 72.2%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease includes a $27.0 million decrease in revenue for our Stimulation and Intervention product line primarily attributable to lower spending by our pressure pumping service customers due to the significant decline in hydraulic fracturing activity levels in the U.S. and the cannibalization of existing excess equipment. The remaining decline was driven by a $24.0 million decrease in sales volumes for our Coiled Tubing product line primarily attributable to lower U.S. completions activity. Production segment — Revenue was $40.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $40.2 million, or 49.6%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease was driven by a $26.5 million decline in sales volumes of our valve products, particularly sales into the North America upstream and midstream oil and natural gas market, and a $13.6 million decrease in revenue for our Production Equipment product line as a result of lower sales volumes of our surface production equipment due to the decline in well completions activity in 2020. Segment operating loss and segment operating margin percentage Segment operating loss for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $32.9 million, a decline of $32.0 million compared to a loss of $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, segment operating margin percentage was (31.7)% compared to (0.4)% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Segment operating margin percentage is calculated by dividing segment operating loss by revenue for the period. The change in operating loss for each segment is explained as follows: Drilling & Downhole segment — Segment operating loss was $13.2 million, or (30.6)%, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to segment operating income of $4.3 million, or 4.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The $17.5 million decline in segment operating results is primarily attributable to lower gross profit from the 51.1% decline in segment revenues as well as employee severance and facility closure costs incurred in 2020. These declines in segment operating results were partially offset by lower employee and facilities related expenses due to headcount, salary and other cost reductions implemented in 2020. Completions segment — Segment operating loss was $11.9 million, or (60.6)%, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to a segment operating loss of $0.1 million, or (0.2)%, for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The $11.8 million decline in segment operating results is due to the reduction in gross profit from the 72.2% decline in revenues, partially offset by lower employee and facilities related expenses due to headcount, salary and other cost reductions implemented in 2020. Production segment — Segment operating loss was $0.1 million, or (0.2)%, for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to segment operating income of $2.3 million, or 2.8%, for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decline in segment operating results is due to lower gross profit from the 49.6% decline in revenue, partially offset by lower employee and facilities related expenses due to headcount, salary and other cost reductions implemented in 2020. 24 Corporate — Selling, general and administrative expenses for Corporate were $7.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, a $0.3 million increase compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019. Reductions in employee related costs from headcount, salary and other cost reductions were more than offset by a $1.5 million lease impairment and higher legal fees incurred in the three months ended September 30, 2020. Corporate costs include, among other items, payroll related costs for management, administration, finance, legal, and human resources personnel; professional fees for legal, accounting and related services; and marketing costs. Other items not included in segment operating loss Several items are not included in segment operating loss, but are included in total operating loss. These items include transaction expenses, impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, and loss (gain) on the disposal of assets and other. Transaction expenses relate to legal and other advisory costs incurred in acquiring or disposing of businesses and are not considered to be part of segment operating income (loss). For further information related to impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, refer to Note 7 Impairments of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets. Other income and expense Other income and expense includes interest expense, foreign exchange losses (gains) and other, gain on extinguishment of debt, deferred loan costs written off and gain realized on previously held equity investment. We incurred $8.5 million of interest expense during the three months ended September 30, 2020, an increase of $0.7 million compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019 primarily due to an increase in non-cash interest expense for amortization of discount on the new 2025 Notes. The foreign exchange losses (gains) are primarily the result of movements in the British pound and Euro relative to the U.S. dollar. These movements in exchange rates create foreign exchange gains or losses when applied to monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the location’s functional currency, primarily U.S. dollar denominated cash, trade account receivables and net intercompany receivable balances for our entities using a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. In the third quarter of 2020, we exchanged $315.5 million principal amount of 2021 Notes for new 2025 Notes. This transaction was accounted for as an extinguishment of the 2021 Notes with the new 2025 Notes recorded at fair value resulting in a $28.7 million gain on extinguishment of debt. See Note 8 Debt for further information. Concurrent with the completion of the 2021 Notes exchange, the Credit Facility was amended to, among other things, reduce the size of the commitments from $300.0 million to $250.0 million, resulting in a write-off of $0.3 million of deferred loan costs. In the third quarter of 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead and recognized a gain of $1.6 million as a result of such sale. See Note 4 Dispositions for further information. Taxes We recorded a tax expense of $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to a tax benefit of $3.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2019 includes a $3.8 million benefit related to the impairments of goodwill. In addition, the estimated annual effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 is different than the comparable period in 2019 primarily due to the impairment of non-deductible goodwill in 2019 and losses in jurisdictions where the recording of a tax benefit is not available. Furthermore, the tax expense or benefit recorded can vary from period to period depending on the Company’s relative mix of earnings and losses by jurisdiction. 25 Nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared with nine months ended September 30, 2019 Nine Months Ended September 30, Favorable / (Unfavorable) 2020 2019 $ % (in thousands of dollars, except per share information) Revenue: Drilling & Downhole $ 166,990 $ 256,586 $ (89,596) (34.9) % Completions 88,038 246,816 (158,778) (64.3) % Production 145,038 256,272 (111,234) (43.4) % Eliminations (553) (2,918) 2,365 * Total revenue 399,513 756,756 (357,243) (47.2) % Operating income (loss): Drilling & Downhole (26,751) 3,185 (29,936) (939.9) % Operating margin % (16.0) % 1.2 % Completions (47,027) 9,583 (56,610) (590.7) % Operating margin % (53.4) % 3.9 % Production (9,306) 10,225 (19,531) (191.0) % Operating margin % (6.4) % 4.0 % Corporate (23,326) (22,711) (615) (2.7) % Total segment operating income (loss) (106,410) 282 (106,692) (37,834.0) % Operating margin % (26.6) % — % Transaction expenses 852 972 (120) (12.3) % Impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment 20,394 532,336 (511,942) * Contingent consideration benefit — (4,629) 4,629 * Gain on disposal of assets and other (180) (71) (109) * Operating loss (127,476) (528,326) 400,850 75.9 % Interest expense 21,617 24,170 (2,553) (10.6) % Foreign exchange gains and other, net (931) (3,069) 2,138 69.7 % Gain on extinguishment of debt (72,478) — (72,478) * Deferred loan costs written off 2,262 — 2,262 * Gain realized on previously held equity investment — (1,567) 1,567 * Total other (income) expense (49,530) 19,534 (69,064) * Loss before income taxes (77,946) (547,860) 469,914 85.8 % Income tax expense (benefit) (13,757) 6,749 (20,506) (303.8) % Net loss $ (64,189) $ (554,609) $ 490,420 88.4 % Weighted average shares outstanding Basic 111,459 109,977 Diluted 111,459 109,977 Loss per share Basic $ (0.58) $ (5.04) Diluted $ (0.58) $ (5.04) * not meaningful We sold our equity interest in Ashtead in the third quarter of 2019. Therefore, our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 may not be comparable to historical results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Refer to Note 4 Dispositions for additional information. 26 Revenue Our revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $399.5 million, a decrease of $357.2 million, or 47.2%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, our Drilling & Downhole, Completions, and Production segments comprised 41.8%, 21.9%, and 36.3% of our total revenue, respectively, which compared to 33.9%, 32.2%, and 33.9% of our total revenue, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The overall decline in revenue is primarily related to lower sales volumes due to the significant decrease in drilling and completions activity levels. The changes in revenue by operating segment consisted of the following: Drilling & Downhole segment — Revenue was $167.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $89.6 million, or 34.9%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease includes a $48.4 million, or 39.5%, decline in revenue for our Drilling Technologies product line due to lower sales volumes of consumable products and capital equipment as a result of a 52% decline in U.S. rig activity year-over-year. Revenue for our Downhole Technologies product line decreased by $37.2 million primarily due to lower sales volumes of artificial lift products and well construction equipment due to the significant decrease in drilling activity and the number of wells completed in the first nine months of 2020. The $4.0 million decline in revenue for our Subsea Technologies product line was relatively less than other product lines in the segment due to the diversification of sales of capital equipment to customers outside the oil and natural gas industry. Completions segment — Revenue was $88.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $158.8 million, or 64.3%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decline includes a $92.2 million, or 68.5%, decrease in sales volumes for our Stimulation and Intervention product line primarily attributable to lower spending by our pressure pumping service customers due to the significant decline in hydraulic fracturing activity levels in the U.S. The remaining decline was driven by a $66.5 million decrease in sales volumes for our Coiled Tubing product line primarily attributable to lower U.S. completions activity. Production segment — Revenue was $145.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $111.2 million, or 43.4%, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease includes a $66.2 million, or 42.0%, decline in sales volumes of our valve products, particularly sales into the North America upstream and midstream oil and natural gas market, and a $45.0 million decrease in revenue for our Production Equipment product line as a result of lower sales volumes of our surface production equipment due to the significant decline in U.S. well completions in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Segment operating income (loss) and segment operating margin percentage Segment operating loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $106.4 million, a decline of $106.7 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, segment operating margin percentage was (26.6)% compared to break-even for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Segment operating margin percentage is calculated by dividing segment operating income (loss) by revenue for the period. The change in operating margin percentage for each segment is explained as follows: Drilling & Downhole segment — Segment operating loss was $26.8 million, or (16.0)%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to income of $3.2 million, or 1.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The $29.9 million decline in segment operating results is primarily attributable to lower gross profit from the 34.9% decline in segment revenues. In addition, segment operating loss for the first nine months of 2020 includes approximately $8.0 million of inventory write-downs, $4.5 million of impairments of operating lease right of use assets, and $3.1 million of employee severance costs. These declines in segment operating results were partially offset by lower employee related costs due to headcount, salary and other cost reductions implemented in 2020. Completions segment — Segment operating loss was $47.0 million, or (53.4)%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to income of $9.6 million, or 3.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The $56.6 million decline in segment operating results is primarily attributable to lower gross profit from the 64.3% decline in segment revenues. In addition, segment operating loss for the first nine months of 2020 includes $8.5 million of inventory write-downs, $6.1 million of impairments of operating lease right of use assets, and $1.5 million of employee severance costs. These declines in segment operating results were partially offset by lower employee related costs due to headcount, salary and other cost reductions implemented in 2020. Production segment — Segment operating loss was $9.3 million, or (6.4)%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to income of $10.2 million, or 4.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The $19.5 million decline in segment operating results is primarily attributable to lower gross profit from the 43.4% decline in segment revenues. In addition, segment operating loss for the first nine months of 2020 includes $3.3 million of 27 inventory write-downs, $1.9 million of impairments of operating lease right of use assets, and $1.2 million of employee severance costs. These declines in segment operating results were partially offset by lower employee related costs due to headcount, salary and other cost reductions implemented in 2020. Corporate — Selling, general and administrative expenses for Corporate were $23.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a $0.6 million increase compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Reductions in employee related costs from headcount, salary and other cost reductions were more than offset by a $1.5 million lease impairment and higher legal fees in the first nine months of 2020. Corporate costs include, among other items, payroll related costs for management, administration, finance, legal, and human resources personnel; professional fees for legal, accounting and related services; and marketing costs. Other items not included in segment operating income (loss) Several items are not included in segment operating income (loss), but are included in total operating income (loss). These items include transaction expenses, impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, contingent consideration benefit and gain on disposal of assets and other. Transaction expenses relate to legal and other advisory costs incurred in acquiring or disposing of businesses and are not considered to be part of segment operating income. For further information related to impairments of goodwill, intangible assets, property and equipment, refer to Note 7 Impairments of Goodwill and Long-Lived Assets. The $4.6 million contingent consideration benefit recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is related to reducing the estimated fair value of the contingent cash liability associated with the acquisition of Houston Global Heat Transfer LLC. Other expense Other expense includes interest expense, foreign exchange gains and other, gain on extinguishment of debt and deferred loan costs written off. We incurred $21.6 million of interest expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease of $2.6 million from the nine months ended September 30, 2019 primarily due to lower average outstanding balances on our revolving Credit Facility in 2020 compared to 2019. The foreign exchange gains are primarily the result of movements in the British pound and the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar. These movements in exchange rates create foreign exchange gains or losses when applied to monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the location’s functional currency, primarily U.S. dollar denominated cash, trade account receivables and net intercompany receivable balances for our entities using a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $72.5 million of gains on extinguishment of debt, including a $43.8 million gain from the repurchase of notes in the first half of 2020 and a $28.7 million gain from the exchange of notes in the third quarter of 2020. During the first half of 2020, we repurchased an aggregate $71.9 million of principal amount of our 2021 Notes for $27.7 million and recognized a net gain of $43.8 million reflecting the difference in the amount paid and the net carrying value of the extinguished debt, including debt issuance costs and unamortized debt premium. In the third quarter of 2020, we exchanged $315.5 million principal amount of 2021 Notes for new 2025 Notes. This transaction was accounted for as an extinguishment of the 2021 Notes with the new 2025 Notes recorded at fair value on the transaction date, resulting in a $28.7 million gain on extinguishment of debt. See Note 8 Debt for further information. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we wrote-off $2.3 million of deferred loan costs including $2.0 million for the termination of previous discussions related to a potential exchange offer for our 2021 Notes and $0.3 million related to amending our Credit Facility to, among other things, reduce the size of the commitments from $300.0 million to $250.0 million. In the third quarter of 2019, we sold our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead and recognized a gain of $1.6 million as a result of such sale. See Note 4 Dispositions for further information. Taxes We recorded a tax benefit of $13.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to a tax expense of $6.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes a $16.6 million benefit related to a carryback claim for U.S. federal tax losses based on new provisions in the CARES Act, as discussed further below. The tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 includes an increase in our valuation allowance of $5.9 million to write down our deferred tax assets in the U.S. and Saudi Arabia and a tax benefit of $3.8 million related to the impairment of goodwill. In 28 addition, the estimated annual effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were impacted by losses in jurisdictions where the recording of a tax benefit is not available. On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed the CARES Act in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act provides relief to corporate taxpayers by permitting a five-year carryback of 2018-2020 NOLs, increasing the 30% limitation on interest expense deductibility to 50% of adjusted taxable income for 2019 and 2020, and accelerating refunds for minimum tax credit carryforwards, among other provisions. The tax effects of changes in tax laws are recognized in the period in which the law is enacted. As such, the tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes a $16.6 million benefit related to a carryback claim for U.S. federal tax losses based on new provisions in the CARES Act. Liquidity and capital resources Sources and uses of liquidity Our internal sources of liquidity are cash on hand and cash flows from operations, while our primary external sources include trade credit, our Credit Facility and the 2025 Notes described below. Our primary uses of capital have been for inventories, sales on credit to our customers and ongoing maintenance and growth capital expenditures. We continually monitor potential capital sources, including equity and debt financing, to meet our investment and target liquidity requirements. Our future success and growth will be highly dependent on our ability to generate positive operating cash flow and access outside sources of capital. During the first half of 2020, we repurchased an aggregate $71.9 million principal amount of our 2021 Notes for $27.7 million and recognized a net gain of $43.8 million reflecting the difference in the amount paid and the net carrying value of the extinguished debt, including debt issuance costs and unamortized debt premium. In the third quarter of 2020, we exchanged $315.5 million principal amount of the remaining 2021 Notes for new 2025 Notes. Concurrent with the 2021 Notes exchange, the Credit Facility was amended to, among other things, reduce the size of the commitments from $300.0 million to $250.0 million. Following these transactions, we had $12.7 million principal amount of 2021 Notes, $315.5 million principal amount of 2025 Notes and no borrowings outstanding under our Credit Facility as of September 30, 2020. The Credit Facility is currently scheduled to mature on July 1, 2021, subject to extension to October 30, 2022 if, on or before July 1, 2021, the 2021 Notes are repaid or refinanced in their entirety with indebtedness maturing on or after January 31, 2023. In October 2020, we provided notice of redemption relating to the $12.7 million principal amount of 2021 Notes outstanding and intend to redeem such notes in full in November 2020 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. This information does not constitute a notice of redemption with respect to the 2021 Notes, nor does it constitute an offer to tender for, or purchase any, 2021 Notes or any other security. See Note 8 Debt for further details related to the terms for our 2021 Notes, 2025 Notes and Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $20.0 million and $108.6 million of availability under our Credit Facility, respectively. We anticipate that our future working capital requirements for our operations will fluctuate directionally with revenues. Furthermore, availability under our Credit Facility will fluctuate directionally based on the level of our eligible accounts receivable and inventory. In the third quarter of 2020, we received a $14.1 million cash refund for income taxes from filing a carryback claim for U.S. federal tax losses based on provisions in the CARES Act. In addition, we expect total 2020 capital expenditures to be less than $5.0 million, consisting of, among other items, replacing end of life machinery and equipment. We expect our available cash on-hand, cash generated by operations, and estimated availability under our Credit Facility to be adequate to fund current operations and debt maturities during the next 12 months. In addition, based on existing market conditions and our expected liquidity needs, among other factors, we may use a portion of our cash flows from operations, proceeds from divestitures, securities offerings or other eligible capital to reduce the principal amount of debt outstanding. In 2019, we completed two dispositions for total consideration of $51.7 million. For additional information, see Note 4 Dispositions. We may pursue acquisitions in the future, which may be funded with cash and/or equity. Our ability to make significant acquisitions for cash may require us to pursue additional equity or debt financing, which we may not be able to obtain on terms acceptable to us or at all. To the extent that access to the capital and other financial markets is adversely affected by the effects of COVID-19, our customers and other counterparties may become unable to make payments to us, on a timely basis or at all, which could adversely affect our business, cash flows, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations. 29 Our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are presented below (in millions): Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 2019 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 1.7 $ 75.7 Net cash provided by investing activities 2.0 27.2 Net cash used in financing activities (41.5) (121.4) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (0.1) 0.2 Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ (37.9) $ (18.3) Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $75.7 million of cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decline is primarily attributable to the decline in operating results. Net income adjusted for non-cash items used $29.9 million of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to providing $42.5 million of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The remaining decline is due to changes in working capital which provided cash of $31.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $33.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net cash provided by investing activities Net cash provided by investing activities was $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 including $4.2 million of proceeds from the sale of property and equipment, partially offset by $2.2 million of capital expenditures. Net cash provided by investing activities was $27.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 including $39.3 million in cash proceeds from the sale of our aggregate 40% interest in Ashtead technology, partially offset by $12.6 million of capital expenditures for property and equipment. Net cash used in financing activities Net cash used in financing activities was $41.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $121.4 million used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes $27.7 million of cash used to repurchase 2021 Notes, $9.4 million paid for deferred financing costs and a $3.5 million early participation payment for the bond exchange. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 primarily includes $120.3 million of net repayments of debt. Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information The Company’s 2021 Notes and 2025 Notes are guaranteed by our domestic subsidiaries which are 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company. The guarantees are full and unconditional, joint and several, and on an unsecured basis. We are presenting the following summarized financial information for the Company and the subsidiary guarantors (collectively referred to as the "Obligated Group") pursuant to Rule 13-01 of Regulation S-X, Guarantors and Issuers of Guaranteed Securities Registered or Being Registered . For purposes of the following summarized financial information, transactions between the Company and the subsidiary guarantors, presented on a combined basis, have been eliminated and information for the non-guarantor subsidiaries have been excluded. Amounts due to the non-guarantor subsidiaries and other related parties, as applicable, have been separately presented within the summarized financial information below. 30 Summarized financial information for the year-to-date interim period and the most recent annual period was as follows (in thousands): Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Summarized Statements of Operations 2020 2019 2020 2019 Revenue $ 79,676 $ 197,980 $ 313,838 $ 640,739 Cost of sales 69,856 149,130 284,494 482,301 Operating loss (40,311) (542,533) (126,286) (541,536) Net loss (21,551) (532,987) (64,189) (554,609) September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Summarized Balance Sheet Current assets $ 398,158 $ 530,111 Noncurrent assets 352,346 416,924 Current liabilities $ 80,889 $ 122,354 Payables to non-guarantor subsidiaries 126,307 116,053 Noncurrent liabilities 326,662 440,817 Off-balance sheet arrangements As of September 30, 2020, we had no off-balance sheet instruments or financial arrangements, other than letters of credit entered into in the ordinary course of business. Contractual obligations Except for the 2025 Notes and the changes in the Credit Facility and 2021 Notes discussed above, there have been no other material changes in our contractual obligations and commitments disclosed in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Critical accounting policies and estimates There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and procedures during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. For a detailed discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, refer to our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K. For recent accounting pronouncements, refer to Note 2 Recent Accounting Pronouncements .