Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain information included in this Form 10-Q and other materials we have filed or may file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), as well as information included in oral or written statements made by us or on our behalf, may contain forward-looking statements about our current and presently expected performance trends, growth plans, business goals and other matters.
These statements may be contained in our filings with the SEC, in our press releases, in other written communications, and in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized officers. These statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as codified in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (together with the Securities Act, the “Acts”). This includes, without limitation, statements regarding corporate social responsibility (“CSR”) and in our CSR report, the effects of geopolitical and macroeconomic factors on our financial condition and our results of operations, financial guidance and projections as well as expectations of our future financial condition, results of operations, sales, target growth rates, cash flows, quarterly dividends, corporate strategy, plans, targets, goals, objectives, performance, growth potential, competitive position and business, and statements regarding our ability to: leverage our competitive strengths, including developing and investing in new restaurant concepts and expanding The Cheesecake Factory® brand to other retail opportunities; maintain our aggregate sales volumes; deliver comparable sales growth; provide a differentiated experience to customers; outperform the casual dining industry and increase our market share; leverage sales increases and manage flow through; manage cost pressures, including, increasing wage rates and insurance costs, and stabilize margins; grow earnings; remain relevant to consumers; attract and retain qualified management and other staff; increase shareholder value; find suitable sites and manage increasing construction costs; profitably expand our concepts domestically and in Canada, and work with our licensees to expand our concept internationally; support the growth of North Italia and other FRC restaurants; and utilize our capital effectively. These forward-looking statements may be affected by various factors including: economic, public health and political conditions that impact consumer confidence and spending, including rising interest rates, periods of heightened inflation and market instability, and armed conflicts; supply chain disruptions; demonstrations, political unrest, potential damage to or closure of our restaurants and potential reputational damage to us or any of our brands; pandemic and related containment measures, including the potential for quarantines or restriction on in-person dining; acceptance and success of The Cheesecake Factory in international markets; acceptance and success of North Italia and the FRC concepts; the risks of doing business abroad through Company-owned restaurants and/or licensees; foreign exchange rates, tariffs and cross border taxation; changes in unemployment rates; changes in laws impacting our business, increases in minimum wages and benefit costs; the economic health of our landlords and other tenants in retail centers in which our restaurants are located, and our ability to successfully manage our lease arrangements with landlords; the economic health of suppliers, licensees, vendors and other third parties providing goods or services to us; the timing of our new unit development; compliance with debt covenants; strategic capital allocation decisions including with respect to share repurchases or dividends; the ability to achieve projected financial results; the resolution of uncertain tax positions with the Internal Revenue Service and the impact of tax reform legislation; changes in laws impacting our business; adverse weather conditions in regions in which our restaurants are located; factors that are under the control of government agencies, landlords and other third parties; the risks, costs and uncertainties associated with opening new restaurants; and other risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC. Such forward-looking statements include all other statements that are not historical facts, as well as statements that are preceded by, followed by or that include words or phrases such as “believe,” “plan,” “will likely result,” “expect,” “intend,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimate,” “project,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “should” and similar expressions. These statements are based on our current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties which may cause results to differ materially from those set forth in such statements.
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In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Acts, we have identified and are disclosing important factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements made by us, or on our behalf. (See Part II, Item 1A of this report, “Risk Factors,” and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2023.) These cautionary statements are to be used as a reference in connection with any forward-looking statements. The factors, risks and uncertainties identified in these cautionary statements are in addition to those contained in any other cautionary statements, written or oral, which may be made or otherwise addressed in connection with a forward-looking statement or contained in any of our subsequent filings with the SEC. Because of these factors, risks and uncertainties, we caution against placing undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements are currently reasonable, any of the assumptions could be incorrect or incomplete, and there can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required to do so by law.
The below discussion and analysis, which contains forward-looking statements, should be read in conjunction with our interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes in Part I, Item 1 of this report and with the following items included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2023: the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in Part IV, Item 15; the “Risk Factors” included in Part I, Item 1A; the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II, Item 7; and the cautionary statements included throughout this Form 10-Q. The inclusion of supplementary analytical and related information herein may require us to make estimates and assumptions to enable us to fairly present, in all material respects, our analysis of trends and expectations with respect to our results of operations and financial position.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Other Impacts to our Operating Environment
During fiscal 2022, the COVID-19 pandemic continued to affect our business during periods of accelerated case counts in which we experienced increased restaurant staff absenteeism and temporary shifts in consumer behavior, such as changes in customer traffic or the mix between on-premise and off-premise channels. Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, our operating results were impacted by geopolitical and macroeconomic events, causing supply chain challenges and significantly increased commodity and wage inflation. Some of these factors have continued to impact our operating results in fiscal 2023, contributing to significantly increased commodity and other costs. We have also encountered delays in opening new restaurants due to supply chain challenges and delays in permitting, construction, landlord readiness, and equipment availability.
The ongoing impact of geopolitical and macroeconomic events could lead to further government mandates, including but not limited to capacity restrictions, shifts in consumer behavior, wage inflation, staffing challenges, product and services cost inflation, disruptions in the supply chain and delay in new restaurant openings. For more information regarding the risks to our business relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and other geopolitical and macroeconomic events, see “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2023.
General
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated is a leader in experiential dining. We are culinary forward and relentlessly focused on hospitality. We currently own and operate 321 restaurants throughout the United States and Canada under brands including The Cheesecake Factory ® (211 locations), North Italia ® (33 locations), Flower Child ® (31 locations) and a collection of other FRC brands (37 locations). Internationally, 30 The Cheesecake Factory ® restaurants operate under licensing agreements. Our bakery division operates two facilities that produce quality cheesecakes and other baked products for our restaurants, international licensees and third-party bakery customers.
Overview
Our strategy is driven by our commitment to customer satisfaction and is focused primarily on menu innovation, service and operational execution to continue to differentiate ourselves from other restaurant concepts, as well as to drive competitively strong performance that is sustainable. Financially, we are focused on prudently managing expenses at our restaurants, bakery facilities and corporate support center, and leveraging our size to make the best use of our purchasing power.
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Investing in new Company-owned restaurant development is our top long-term capital allocation priority, with a focus on opening our concepts in premier locations within both new and existing markets. We plan to continue expanding The Cheesecake Factory and North Italia concepts, and in addition, our FRC subsidiary serves as an incubation engine, creating additional concepts for potential future growth. For The Cheesecake Factory concept, we target an average cash-on-cash return on investment of approximately 20% to 25% at the unit level, calculated by dividing restaurant-level profit (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and preopening costs) by our cash investment. We target an average cash-on-cash return on investment of approximately 35% for the North Italia concept and 25% to 30% for the FRC concepts. Returns are affected by the cost to build restaurants, the level of revenues that each restaurant can deliver and our ability to maximize the profitability of restaurants. Investing in new restaurant development that meets our return on investment criteria is expected to support achieving mid-teens Company-level return on invested capital.
Our overall revenue growth is primarily driven by revenues from new restaurant openings and increases in comparable restaurant sales.
For The Cheesecake Factory concept, our strategy is to increase comparable restaurant sales by growing average check and maintaining customer traffic through (1) continuing to offer innovative, high quality menu items that offer customers a wide range of options in terms of flavor, price and value, (2) focusing on service and hospitality with the goal of delivering an exceptional customer experience and (3) continuing to provide our customers with convenient options for off-premise dining, as we believe there is opportunity for a longer-term elevation of our off-premise mix compared to pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels. We are continuing our efforts on a number of initiatives, including menu innovation, a greater focus on increasing customer throughput in our restaurants, leveraging our gift card program, working with a third party to provide delivery services for our restaurants, increasing customer awareness of our online ordering capabilities, augmenting our marketing programs including the nationwide launch of a guest rewards program, enhancing our training programs and leveraging our customer satisfaction measurement platform.
Average check variations are driven by menu price increases and/or changes in menu mix. We generally update The Cheesecake Factory menus twice each year, and our philosophy is to use price increases to help offset key operating cost increases in a manner that balances supporting both our margin objectives and customer traffic levels. Prior to fiscal 2022, we targeted menu price increases of approximately 2% to 3% annually, utilizing a market-based strategy to help mitigate cost pressure in higher-wage geographies. In the first quarter of fiscal 2022, we started implementing menu price increases above our historical levels, including an incremental price increase in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, to offset significant inflationary cost pressures. Future near-term pricing actions may also be at levels above historical norms to keep pace with any significant cost increases. In addition, on a regular basis, we carefully consider opportunities to adjust our menu offerings or ingredients to help manage product availability and cost.
Margins are subject to fluctuations in commodity costs, labor, restaurant-level occupancy expenses, general and administrative (“G&A”) expenses and preopening expenses. Our objective is to recapture our pre-COVID-19 pandemic margins and longer-term to drive margin expansion, by leveraging incremental sales to increase restaurant-level margins at The Cheesecake Factory concept, leveraging our bakery operations, international and consumer packaged goods royalty revenue streams and G&A expense over time, and optimizing our restaurant portfolio.
We plan to employ a balanced capital allocation strategy comprised of investing in new restaurants that are expected to meet our targeted returns, repaying borrowings under our Revolving Facility and returning capital to shareholders through our dividend and share repurchase programs, the latter of which offsets dilution from our equity compensation program and supports our earnings per share growth. Future decisions to pay or to increase or decrease dividends or to repurchase shares are at the discretion of the Board and will be dependent on a number of factors, including limitations pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement and applicable law.
Longer-term, we believe our domestic revenue growth (comprised of our targeted annual unit growth of 7%, in aggregate across concepts, and comparable sales growth), combined with margin expansion, planned debt repayments and an anticipated capital return program will support our long-term financial objective of 13% to 14% total return to shareholders, on average. We define our total return as earnings per share growth plus our dividend yield.
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Results of Operations
The following table presents, for the periods indicated, information from our condensed consolidated statements of income expressed as percentages of revenues. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year.
Thirteen
Thirteen
Twenty-Six
Twenty-Six
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
July 4, 2023
June 28, 2022
July 4, 2023
June 28, 2022
Revenues
100.0
%
100.0
%
100.0
%
100.0
%
Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs
23.2
24.5
23.5
24.1
Labor expenses
35.3
36.6
35.7
36.9
Other operating costs and expenses
26.2
26.3
26.4
26.3
General and administrative expenses
6.4
6.0
6.3
6.1
Depreciation and amortization expenses
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
Impairment of assets and lease termination (income)/expenses
(0.1)
—
0.1
0.0
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Preopening costs
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.3
Total costs and expenses
94.5
96.6
95.3
96.5
Income from operations
5.5
3.4
4.7
3.5
Interest and other expense, net
(0.3)
(0.2)
(0.2)
(0.2)
Income before income taxes
5.2
3.2
4.5
3.3
Income tax provision
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.3
Net income
4.9
%
3.1
%
4.1
%
3.0
%
Thirteen Weeks Ended July 4, 2023 Compared to Thirteen Weeks Ended June 28, 2022
Revenues
Revenues increased 4.0% to $866.2 million for the fiscal quarter ended July 4, 2023 compared to $832.6 million for the comparable prior year period, primarily due to an increase in comparable restaurant sales, as well as additional revenue related to new restaurant openings.
The Cheesecake Factory average sales per restaurant operating week increased 0.7% to $238,654 in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 from $237,004 in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Total operating weeks at The Cheesecake Factory restaurants increased 1.1% to 2,734 in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to 2,704 in the prior year. The Cheesecake Factory comparable sales increased by 1.5%, or $9.6 million, from the second quarter of fiscal 2022 and increased 14.1% from the second quarter of fiscal 2019 on an operating week basis. The increase from fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by an increase in average check of 5.2% (based on an increase of 10.6% in menu pricing, partially offset by 5.4% negative impact from mix), partially offset by decreased customer traffic of 3.7%. We implemented effective menu price increases of approximately 4.25%, 2.8% and 3.5% in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2022 and the first quarter of fiscal 2023, respectively. We are in the process of implementing approximately a 2.0% price increase in the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Sales through the off-premise channel comprised approximately 22% of our restaurant sales during the second quarter of fiscal 2023 as compared to 25% in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. However, off-premise sales mix remained elevated versus the pre-pandemic level of 16% during the second quarter of fiscal 2019. We account for each off-premise order as one customer for traffic measurement purposes. Therefore, average check is generally higher for off-premise orders as most are for more than one customer. In turn, the lower mix of sales in the off-premise channel during the second quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to the prior year second quarter comprised approximately 1% of the negative change in mix with a positive correlative impact to traffic. In addition, both traffic and mix declined relative to the higher traffic levels and incident rates associated with the post pandemic surge that benefited our second quarter of fiscal 2022. However, incident rates remained elevated versus the pre-pandemic level.
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North Italia average sales per restaurant operating week increased 3.3% to $153,692 in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 from $148,778 in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. Total operating weeks at North Italia increased 13.5% to 429 in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to 378 in the prior year. North Italia comparable sales increased approximately 8% from the second quarter of fiscal 2022 and increased approximately 30% from the second quarter of fiscal 2019 on an operating week basis. The increase from fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by an increase in average check of 6.4% (based on an increase of 8.2% in menu pricing, partially offset by a 1.8% negative impact from mix), as well as increased customer traffic of 1.6%. We implemented effective menu price increases of approximately 4.25% and 4.00% in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 and the second quarter of fiscal 2023, respectively.
Restaurants become eligible to enter the comparable sales base in their 19 th month of operation. As of July 4, 2023, there were four The Cheesecake Factory restaurants and four North Italia restaurants not yet in the comparable sales base. International licensed locations and restaurants that are no longer in operation, including those which we have relocated, are excluded from comparable sales calculations.
Food and Beverage Costs
Food and beverage costs consist of raw materials and ingredients used in the food and beverage products sold in our restaurants and to our third-party customers. As a percentage of revenues, food and beverage costs were 23.2% and 24.5% in the second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively, primarily due to menu pricing leverage that were slightly in excess of inflation across most categories (1.3%), partially offset by favorable dairy pricing in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 (0.2%).
Labor Expenses
As a percentage of revenues, labor expenses, which include restaurant-level labor costs and bakery production labor, including associated fringe benefits, were 35.3% and 36.6% in the second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to menu pricing leverage in excess of wage rate inflation (1.3%), partially offset by increased manager staffing levels (0.2%).
Other Operating Costs and Expenses
Other operating costs and expenses consist of all other restaurant-level operating costs, the major components of which are occupancy expenses (rent, common area expenses, insurance, licenses, taxes and utilities), dining room and to-go supplies, repairs and maintenance, janitorial expenses, credit card processing fees, marketing including delivery commissions, and incentive compensation, as well as bakery production overhead. As a percentage of revenues, other operating costs and expenses were 26.2% and 26.3% in the second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This variance was primarily driven by lower workers compensation insurance costs due to higher claim activity in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 (0.2%), lower off-premise costs due to sales mix and lower supply costs (0.2%), partially offset by launch cost related to our Rewards program (0.2%).
G&A Expenses
G&A expenses consist of the restaurant management recruiting and training program, restaurant field supervision, corporate support and bakery administrative organizations, as well as gift card commissions to third-party distributors. As a percentage of revenues, G&A expenses were 6.4% and 6.0% in second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This variance was primarily driven by increased staffing levels (0.2%).
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Preopening Costs
Preopening costs were $6.0 million and $2.9 million in the second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. We opened one The Cheesecake Factory and two Other FRC locations in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to one North Italia restaurant and one Flower Child location in the comparable prior year period. The second quarter of fiscal 2023 was negatively impacted by delays in the timing of new restaurant openings that resulted in additional cost. Restaurant-level preopening costs include all costs to relocate and compensate restaurant management staff members during the preopening period, costs to recruit and train hourly restaurant staff members, and wages, travel and lodging costs for our opening training team and other support staff members. Also included in preopening costs are expenses for maintaining a roster of trained managers for pending openings, the associated temporary housing and other costs necessary to relocate managers in alignment with future restaurant opening and operating needs. Preopening costs can fluctuate significantly from period to period based on the number, mix and timing of restaurant openings and the specific preopening costs incurred for each restaurant.
Interest and Other Expense, Net
Interest and other expense, net was $2.2 million and $1.1 million for the second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This increase was primarily due to higher interest on our Revolver Facility ($1.6 million).
Income Tax Provision
Our effective income tax rate was 5.8% and 4.3% for the second quarters of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase was primarily due to a lower proportion of employment credits in relation to income before income taxes in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 (9.4%), partially offset by non-taxable gains in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 as compared to non-deductible losses in the comparable prior year period on our investments in variable life insurance contracts used to support our non-qualified deferred compensation plan (6.7%), a lower proportion of state tax expense in relation to income before taxes (0.7%) and a lower proportion of tax shortfall related to equity compensation in relation to income before taxes (0.2%) in the second quarter of fiscal 2023.
Twenty-Six Weeks Ended July 4, 2023 Compared to Twenty-Six Weeks Ended June 28, 2022
Revenues
Revenues increased 6.5% to $1,732.3 million for the first six months of 2023 compared to $1,626.4 million for the comparable prior year period, primarily due to an increase in comparable restaurant sales, as well as additional revenue related to new restaurant openings.
The Cheesecake Factory average sales per restaurant operating week increased 3.4% to $239,167 in the first six months of fiscal 2023 from $231,264 in the first six months of fiscal 2022. Total operating weeks at The Cheesecake Factory restaurants increased 1.2% to 5,471 in the first six months of fiscal 2023 compared to 5,408 in the prior year. Because our strong sales week between Christmas and New Year’s Day was captured as the 53rd week of fiscal 2022, that high-volume week was replaced with an average sales week in the first quarter of 2023. This negatively impacted revenues by approximately $10 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2023. The Cheesecake Factory comparable sales increased by 3.6%, or $44.0 million, from the first six months of fiscal 2022 and increased 14.5% from the first six months of fiscal 2019 on an operating week basis. The increase from fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by an increase in average check of 5.0% (based on an increase of 10.5% in menu pricing, partially offset by 5.5% negative impact from mix), partially offset by decreased customer traffic of 1.4%. Sales through the off-premise channel comprised approximately 22% of our restaurant sales during the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to 26% in the first six months of fiscal 2022. However, off-premise sales mix remains elevated versus the pre-pandemic level of 16% during the first six months of fiscal 2019.
North Italia average sales per restaurant operating week increased 4.3% to $150,626 in the first six months of fiscal 2023 from $144,365 in the first six months of fiscal 2022. Total operating weeks at North Italia increased 13.6% to 858 in the first six months of fiscal 2023 compared to 755 in the prior year. North Italia comparable sales increased approximately 8% from the first six months of fiscal 2022 and increased approximately 30% from the first six months of fiscal 2019 on an operating week basis. The increase from fiscal 2022 was primarily driven by an increase in average check of 5.6% (based on an increase of 8.0% in menu pricing, partially offset by a 2.4% negative impact from mix), as well as increased customer traffic of 2.4%.
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Food and Beverage Costs
As a percentage of revenues, food and beverage costs were 23.5% and 24.1% in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively, primarily due to menu price increases slightly in excess of inflation across most categories (0.9%), partially offset by favorable dairy pricing in fiscal 2022 (0.3%).
Labor Expenses
As a percentage of revenues, labor expenses were 35.7% and 36.9% in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to menu pricing leverage in excess of wage rate inflation (1.1%) and a decline in group medical insurance costs due to lower claim activity (0.2%) in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.
Other Operating Costs and Expenses
As a percentage of revenues, other operating costs and expenses were 26.4% and 26.3% in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This variance was primarily driven by launch costs related to our Rewards program (0.2%).
G&A Expenses
As a percentage of revenues, G&A expenses were 6.4 % and 6.1% in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This variance was primarily driven by increases across several categories.
Preopening Costs
Preopening costs were $9.1 million and $4.7 million in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. We opened one The Cheesecake Factory, one Flower Child and three Other FRC location in the first half of fiscal 2023 compared to one North Italia and one Flower Child location in the comparable prior year period. The first six months of fiscal 2023 was negatively impacted by delays in the timing of new restaurant openings that resulted in additional cost.
Interest and Other Expense, Net
Interest and other expense, net was $4.0 million and $2.6 million for the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This increase was primarily due to higher interest on our Revolver Facility ($2.8 million).
Income Tax Provision
Our effective income tax rate was 8.6% and 9.0% for the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. The decrease was primarily due to non-taxable gains in the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to non-deductible losses in the comparable prior year period on our investments in variable life insurance contracts used to support our non-qualified deferred compensation plan (4.0%), partially offset by a lower proportion of employment credits in relation to income before income taxes in the first six months of fiscal 2023 (3.6%).
Non-GAAP Measures
Adjusted net income and adjusted diluted net income per share are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by or presented in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. We calculate these non-GAAP measures by eliminating from net income and diluted net income per share the impact of items we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operations. We use these non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. Our inclusion of these adjusted measures should not be construed as an indication that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or infrequent items. In the future, we may incur expenses or generate income similar to the adjusted items.
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Following is a reconciliation from net income and diluted net income per share to the corresponding adjusted measures (in thousands, except per share data):
Thirteen
Thirteen
Twenty-Six
Twenty-Six
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
July 4, 2023
June 28, 2022
July 4, 2023
June 28, 2022
Net income
$
42,675
$
25,656
$
70,725
$
48,819
Impairment of assets and lease termination (income)/expenses
(653)
106
1,589
313
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
1,287
948
2,476
1,839
Tax effect of adjustments (1)
(165)
(275)
(1,057)
(559)
Adjusted net income
$
43,144
$
26,435
$
73,733
$
50,412
Diluted net income per share
$
0.87
$
0.50
$
1.43
$
0.96
Impairment of assets and lease termination (income)/expenses
(0.01)
0.00
0.03
0.01
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.04
Tax effect of adjustments (1)
(0.00)
(0.01)
(0.02)
(0.01)
Adjusted diluted net income per share (2)
$
0.88
$
0.52
$
1.50
$
0.99
(1) Based on the federal statutory rate and an estimated blended state tax rate, the tax effect on all adjustments assumes a 26% tax rate.
(2) Adjusted net income per share may not add due to rounding.
Fiscal 2023 Outlook
Based on recent trends and assuming no material operating or consumer disruptions, we anticipate total revenue for fiscal 2023 to be approximately $3.5 billion.
During fiscal 2023, we currently estimate total inflation across our commodities, total labor (factoring in the latest trends in wage rates and channel mix, as well as in other components such as payroll taxes and benefits) and other operating costs and expenses to be in the mid-single digit range. However, there remains measurable risk associated with cost fluctuations driven by the current environment. We estimate preopening costs of approximately $26 million. Based on these factors, we expect fiscal 2023 net income margin of approximately 4%.
We plan to open as many as 20 new restaurants in fiscal 2023, including as many as six The Cheesecake Factory restaurants, five North Italia restaurants and as many as nine restaurants within our FRC business, which includes three Flower Child locations. In recent years, we have encountered delays in opening new restaurants due to supply chain challenges, as well as to longer lead times in obtaining licenses and permits. We anticipate approximately $160 million to $170 million in cash capital expenditures to support this level of unit development, as well as required maintenance on our restaurants.
Total revenues for the third quarter of fiscal 2023 are expected to be approximately $835 million to $855 million. We anticipate commodity inflation to be in the low-single digit range and expect labor inflation to be in the mid-single digit range. Based on these factors, we expect third quarter fiscal 2023 net income margin of approximately 2.75% at the mid-point of the estimated revenue range.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our corporate financial objectives are to maintain a sufficiently strong and conservative balance sheet to support our operating initiatives and unit growth while maintaining financial flexibility to provide the financial resources necessary to protect and enhance the competitiveness of our restaurant and bakery brands and to provide a prudent level of financial capacity to manage the risks and uncertainties of conducting our business operations under various economic and industry cycles. Typically, cash flows generated from operating activities are our principal source of liquidity, which we use to finance our restaurant expansion plans,
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ongoing maintenance of our restaurants and bakery facilities and investment in our corporate and information technology infrastructures.
Similar to many restaurant and retail chain store operations, we utilize operating lease arrangements for all of our restaurant locations. Accordingly, our lease arrangements reduce, to some extent, our capacity to utilize funded indebtedness in our capital structure. We are not limited to the use of lease arrangements as our only method of opening new restaurants. However, we believe our operating lease arrangements continue to provide appropriate leverage for our capital structure in a financially efficient manner.
During the first six months of fiscal 2023, our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $23.2 million to $91.6 million. The following table presents, for the periods indicated, a summary of our key cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities (in millions):
Twenty-Six
Twenty-Six
Weeks Ended
Weeks Ended
July 4, 2023
June 28, 2022
Cash provided by operating activities
$
101.5
$
87.5
Additions to property and equipment
(62.7)
(46.4)
Acquisition-related deferred consideration and compensation
(13.0)
(7.2)
Common stock dividends paid
(27.0)
(14.3)
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax
(21.7)
(14.8)
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Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Cash flows from operations increased by $14.0 million from the first six months of fiscal 2022 primarily due to higher net income and lower incentive compensation paid in the first six months of fiscal 2023 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2022. These factors were partially offset by timing of accounts payable disbursements in relation to the fiscal 2022 versus 2021 year-end dates and the sales tax liabilities due to increased sales at fiscal 2022 year end. Typically, our requirement for working capital has not been significant since our restaurant customers pay for their food and beverage purchases in cash or cash equivalents at the time of sale, and we are able to sell many of our restaurant inventory items before payment is due to the suppliers of such items.
Property and Equipment
Capital expenditures for new restaurants, including locations under development, were $37.8 million and $21.7 million for the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. Capital expenditures also included $22.0 million and $22.4 million for our existing restaurants and $2.9 million and $2.3 million for bakery and corporate capacity and infrastructure investments in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.
We opened five restaurants in the first six months of fiscal 2023 comprised of one The Cheesecake Factory, one Flower Child and three Other FRC locations compared to one North Italia and one Flower Child location in the first six months of fiscal 2022. We expect to open as many as 20 new restaurants in fiscal 2023 across our portfolio of concepts. We anticipate approximately $160 million to $170 million in capital expenditures to support this level of unit development, as well as required maintenance on our restaurants.
Acquisition-Related Deferred Consideration and Compensation
During the six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, we made payments of $13.0 million and $7.2 million, respectively, for contingent consideration and compensation related to the FRC acquisition.
Convertible Senior Notes
On June 15, 2021, we issued $345.0 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes (“Notes”), which will mature on June 15, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. The net proceeds from the sale of the Notes were approximately $334.9 million after deducting issuance costs related to the Notes. As of July 4, 2023, the conversion rate for the Notes was 13.2717 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $75.35 per share of common stock. In connection with the cash dividend that was declared by our Board on July 27, 2023, on August 15, 2023 we will adjust the conversion rate (which is expected to increase) and the conversion price (which is expected to decrease) of the Notes in accordance with the terms. (See Note 5 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further discussion of the Notes.)
Credit Facility
On October 6, 2022, we entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement (the “Loan Agreement” and the revolving credit facility provided thereunder, the “Revolver Facility”). The Loan Agreement amends and restates in its entirety our prior credit agreement. The Revolver Facility, which terminates on October 6, 2027, provides us with revolving loan commitments that total $400 million, of which $50 million may be used for issuances of letters of credit. The Revolver Facility contains a commitment increase feature that, subject to certain conditions precedent, could provide for an additional $200 million in revolving loan commitments. Our obligations under the Revolver Facility are unsecured. Certain of our material subsidiaries have guaranteed our obligations under the Revolver Facility. As of July 4, 2023, we had net availability for borrowings of $238.5 million, based on a $130.0 million outstanding debt balance and $31.5 million in standby letters of credit under the Revolver Facility.
Under the Revolver Facility, we are subject to financial covenants, as well as to customary events of default that, if triggered, could result in acceleration of the maturity of the Revolver Facility. Subject to certain exceptions, the Revolver Facility also limits distributions with respect to our equity interests, such as cash dividends and share repurchases, based on a defined ratio, and also sets forth negative covenants that restrict indebtedness, liens, investments, sales of assets, fundamental changes and other matters. (See Note 5 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further discussion of our long-term debt.)
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Common Stock Dividends
Common stock dividends of $27.0 million and $14.3 million were paid in the first six months of fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. This increase is primarily due to the resumption of our quarterly dividend in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 after the suspension that began in fiscal 2020 due to the impact of COVID-19 on our business and in conjunction with the terms of our Amended Credit Agreement. As further discussed in Note 12 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report, in July 2023, our Board declared a quarterly dividend to be paid in August 2023. Future decisions to pay or to increase or decrease dividends are at the discretion of the Board and will be dependent on our operating performance, financial condition, capital expenditure requirements, limitations on cash distributions pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement and applicable law, and other such factors that the Board considers relevant.
Share Repurchases
Under authorization by our Board to repurchase up to 61.0 million shares of our common stock, we have cumulatively repurchased 55.8 million shares at a total cost of $1,787.3 million, excluding excise tax, through July 4, 2023. We repurchased 0.6 million shares at a cost of $21.7 million, excluding excise tax, during the first six months of fiscal 2023 compared to 0.5 million shares at a cost of $14.8 million during the comparable fiscal 2022 period. This increase is primarily due to the resumption of our share repurchase program in the second quarter of fiscal 2022. The remaining variance represents the change in repurchases made to satisfy tax withholding obligations on vested restricted share awards.
Our objectives with regard to share repurchases have been to offset the dilution to our shares outstanding that results from equity compensation grants and to supplement our earnings per share growth. Our share repurchase program does not have an expiration date, does not require us to purchase a specific number of shares and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time. Future decisions to repurchase shares are at the discretion of the Board and are based on several factors, including current and forecasted operating cash flows, capital needs associated with new restaurant development and maintenance of existing locations, dividend payments, debt levels and cost of borrowing, obligations associated with the FRC acquisition, our share price and current market conditions. The timing and number of shares repurchased are also subject to legal constraints and financial covenants under our Loan Agreement that limit share repurchases based on a defined ratio. (See Note 8 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further discussion of our repurchase authorization.)
Cash Flow Outlook
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents, combined with expected cash flows provided by operations and available borrowings under the Revolving Facility, will provide us with adequate liquidity for the next 12 months and the foreseeable future.
As of July 4, 2023, we had no financing transactions, arrangements or other relationships with any unconsolidated entities or related parties. Additionally, we had no financing arrangements involving synthetic leases or trading activities involving commodity contracts.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions for the reporting periods covered by the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Our critical accounting estimates have not changed materially from those previously reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2023.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for a summary of new accounting standards.
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