Adeia Inc. 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion is intended to promote understanding of the results of operations and financial condition and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, and with our audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 found in the Form 10-K filed by us on February 19, 2025 (the “Form 10-K”). This section of this Form 10-Q generally discusses quarter over quarter comparisons of 2025 against 2024. This quarterly report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws, including Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are based on information available to the Company as of the date hereof, as well as the Company’s current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections that involve risks and uncertainties. In this context, forward-looking statements often address expected future business, financial performance and financial condition, and often contain words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “could,” “seek,” “see,” “will,” “may,” “would,” “might,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “target,” similar expressions or the negatives of these words or other comparable terminology that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes. All forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, and are not guarantees of future results. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in such statements and, therefore, you should not place undue reliance on any such statements and caution must be exercised in relying on forward-looking statements. Important risk factors that may cause such a difference include, but are not limited to: the Company’s ability to implement its business strategy; the Company’s ability to enter into new and renewal license agreements with customers on favorable terms; the Company’s ability to retain and hire key personnel; uncertainty as to the long-term value of the Company’s common stock; legislative, regulatory and economic developments affecting the Company’s business; general economic and market developments and conditions; the Company’s ability to grow and expand its patent portfolios; changes in technology and development of new technology in the industries in which the Company operates; the evolving legal, regulatory and tax regimes under which the Company operates; unforeseen liabilities and expenses; risks associated with the Company’s indebtedness; unpredictability and severity of catastrophic events, including, but not limited to, acts of terrorism or outbreak of war or hostilities, natural disasters and global health pandemics, each of which may have an adverse impact on the Company’s business, results of operations, and financial condition. Although forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on facts and factors currently known by us. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties, and changes in condition, significance, value and effect, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” hereof and other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), such as our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our current reports on Form 8-K. Such risks, uncertainties and changes in condition, significance, value and effect could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed herein and in ways not readily foreseeable. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report and are based on information currently and reasonably known to us. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements in order to reflect any event or circumstance that may arise after the date of this Quarterly Report, other than as required by law. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this Quarterly Report, which attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Business Overview Adeia Inc. (“Adeia”, “we”) is a leading IP licensing platform in the consumer and entertainment space, with a diverse portfolio of media and semiconductor intellectual property and more than 13,000 patents and patent applications worldwide. In order to serve an increasingly connected world, we invent, develop, and license fundamental innovations that enhance billions of devices and shape the way millions of people explore and experience entertainment. Our inventions are key enabling technologies that drive how consumers interact with entertainment and devices at home and on the go around the world. Our foundational technologies help elevate content and improve how audiences connect with it in a way that is more intelligent, immersive and personal. Our innovative solutions help power smart devices, entertainment experiences and more, and have created a unified ecosystem that reaches highly-engaged consumers and uncovered new business opportunities. Headquartered in Silicon Valley with more than 35 years of operating experience, we have approximately 150 employees, with substantially all of our employees located in the U.S. 29 Macroeconomic Conditions Macroeconomic conditions due to inflation, geopolitical instability and global health events had in the past, and may in the future have, an adverse impact on our business. For example, such conditions may cause volatility in the markets we serve, particularly the broad consumer electronics market. Impacts from adverse macroeconomic conditions may negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations, which could result in an impairment of our long-lived assets, including goodwill, and increased credit losses. Although a significant portion of our revenue is derived from fixed-fee and minimum-guarantee arrangements from large, well-capitalized customers, our per-unit and variable-fee based revenue will continue to be susceptible to direct or indirect effects from macroeconomic events, such as armed conflict, geopolitical factors, tariffs, market volatility, labor shortages, supply chain disruptions, microchip shortages, changes in demand for semiconductors, market and industry downturns, global health concerns, outbreaks and pandemics. In addition, to the extent that our customers experience significant, adverse impacts from such macroeconomic events, such events may affect their financial health and our ability to continue receiving revenues from these customers. Reportable Segments We operate and report in one segment: IP Licensing. We believe that this structure reflects our current operational and financial management and provides the best structure for us to focus on growth opportunities. Our Chief Executive Officer has been determined to be the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in consideration with the authoritative guidance on segment reporting. We primarily license our innovations to leading companies in the broader media entertainment and semiconductor industries, and those companies developing new technologies that will help drive these industries forward. Licensing arrangements include access to one or more of our foundational patent portfolios and may also include access to some portions of our industry-leading technologies and know-how. Key Metrics In evaluating our financial condition and operating performance, we primarily focus on revenue and cash flows from operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024: Three months ended June 30, 2025: • Revenue decreased by $1.6 million, or 1.8%, from $87.3 million in 2024 to $85.7 million in 2025. • Recurring revenues increased by $2.8 million, or 3.4% from $82.3 million in 2024 to $85.1 million in 2025. • Non-recurring revenues decreased by $4.4 million, or 87.4% from $5.1 million in 2024 to $0.6 million in 2025. • Cash provided by operating activities decreased slightly by $0.4 million, or 1.5% from $23.5 million in 2024 to $23.1 million in 2025. • We made $11.1 million in principal payments towards our term loan, bringing the outstanding balance to $458.9 million as of June 30, 2025. Six months ended June 30, 2025: • Revenue increased by $2.7 million, or 1.6%, from $170.8 million in 2024 to $173.4 million in 2025. • Recurring revenues increased by $4.5 million, or 2.7% from $165.0 million in 2024 to $169.5 million in 2025. • Non-recurring revenues decreased by $1.8 million, or 31.7% from $5.7 million in 2024 to $3.9 million in 2025. • Cash provided by operating activities decreased by $10.4 million, or 11.5% from $90.7 million in 2024 to $80.3 million in 2025. • We completed another repricing of our term loan in January 2025, further reducing our interest rate by 50 basis points. • We made $28.2 million in principal payments towards our term loan, bringing the outstanding balance to $458.9 million as of June 30, 2025. • We repurchased $10.0 million of our common stock in the first quarter of 2025. 30 Results of Operations Revenue We derive the majority of our revenue from the licensing of our IP rights to customers. For our revenue recognition policy, including descriptions of revenue-generating activities, refer to “Note 3 – Revenue ” of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The following table presents our operating results for the periods indicated as a percentage of revenue: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Revenue 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Operating expenses: Research and development 19 17 19 17 Selling, general and administrative 38 28 35 29 Amortization expense 16 23 16 25 Litigation expense 8 5 7 4 Total operating expenses 81 73 77 75 Operating income 19 27 23 25 Interest expense (12 ) (15 ) (12 ) (16 ) Other income and expense, net 2 2 2 2 Loss on debt extinguishment — (1 ) — — Income before income taxes 9 13 13 11 Provision for (benefit from) income taxes (11 ) 3 (4 ) 5 Net income 20 % 10 % 17 % 6 % The following table sets forth our revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands, except for percentages): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Decrease % Change 2025 2024 Increase % Change Revenue $ 85,735 $ 87,350 $ (1,615 ) (2 )% $ 173,405 $ 170,755 $ 2,650 2 % The decrease in revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, was primarily attributable to the execution of the settlement agreement and multi-year renewal with X Corp. in the second quarter of 2024, which resulted in non-recurring revenue in that quarter that did not recur in 2025. Recurring revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $85.1 million and $82.3 million, respectively. The increase of $2.8 million was driven primarily by the execution of license agreements with new customers in the second half of 2024 and the first half of 2025, partially offset by declines in royalty revenue from certain Pay-TV customers. Non-recurring revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $5.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The decrease of $4.4 million was primarily attributable to the execution of the settlement agreement and multi-year renewal with X Corp. in the second quarter of 2024, which resulted in non-recurring revenue in that quarter that did not recur in 2025. The increase in revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, was primarily attributable to the execution of license agreements with new customers in the second half of 2024 and the first half of 2025. Increases were partially offset by the execution of the settlement agreement and multi-year renewal with X Corp. in the second quarter of 2024. Recurring revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $169.5 million and $165.0 million, respectively. The increase of $4.5 million was primarily driven by the execution of license agreements with new customers in the second half of 2024 and the first half of 2025, partially offset by declines in royalty revenue from certain Pay-TV customers. 31 Non-recurring revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $3.9 million and $5.7 million, respectively. The decrease of $1.8 million was primarily attributable to the execution of the settlement agreement and multi-year renewal with X Corp. in the second quarter of 2024, partially offset by the execution of license agreements with new customers in the first half of 2025, for which a portion of revenue was recognized up-front in such period. Research and Development (in thousands, except for percentages): Research and development expense (“R&D expense”) consists primarily of personnel costs, stock-based compensation, outside engineering consulting expenses associated with new IP development, as well as costs related to patent applications and examinations, reverse engineering, materials, supplies and an allocation of facilities costs. All R&D expense is expensed as incurred. We intend to make a continued investment in our R&D efforts because we believe they are essential to grow our patent portfolios to maintain and improve our competitiveness. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Increase % Change 2025 2024 Increase % Change Research and development $ 15,857 $ 14,799 $ 1,058 7 % $ 32,324 $ 28,724 $ 3,600 13 % The increase in R&D expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, was primarily due to an increase in patent portfolio expenses, patent technical support expenses, and an increase in personnel related costs as a result of increased headcount. Selling, General and Administrative (in thousands, except for percentages): Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, sales commission, advertising, branding activities, stock-based compensation, professional services, facilities costs, and expenses related to our executive finance, human resource, legal, and information technology organizations. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Increase % Change 2025 2024 Increase % Change Selling, general and administrative $ 32,129 $ 24,617 $ 7,512 31 % $ 60,561 $ 48,646 $ 11,915 24 % The increase in SG&A expense during the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, was primarily due to increases in personnel related costs as a result of increased headcount and advertising expense, partially offset by decreases in outside services. The increase in SG&A expense during the six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, was primarily due to increases in personnel related costs as a result of increased headcount, advertising expense, and certain administrative costs associated with the repricing of our credit facility in the first quarter of 2025, partially offset by a decrease in outside services. Amortization Expense (in thousands, except for percentages): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Decrease % Change 2025 2024 Decrease % Change Amortization expense $ 14,170 $ 20,030 $ (5,860 ) (29 )% $ 28,252 $ 43,187 $ (14,935 ) (35 )% The decrease in amortization expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024, was primarily due to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized during 2024. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in amortization expense as a result of patents acquired in the second half of 2024 and first half of 2025. 32 Litigation Expense (in thousands, except for percentages): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Increase % Change 2025 2024 Increase % Change Litigation expense $ 7,174 $ 4,262 $ 2,912 68 % $ 13,028 $ 7,192 $ 5,836 81 % The increase in litigation expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024, was primarily due to increased activity in current litigation matters. See Part II, Item 1 – Legal Proceedings for additional information regarding these matters. We expect that litigation expense will continue to be a significant portion of our operating expenses, as it is used to enforce and protect our IP and contract rights. Litigation expense may fluctuate between periods because of planned or ongoing litigation, as described in Part II, Item 1 – Legal Proceedings . Interest Expense (in thousands, except for percentages): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Decrease % Change 2025 2024 Decrease % Change Interest expense $ 10,216 $ 13,296 $ (3,080 ) (23 )% $ 20,865 $ 27,471 $ (6,606 ) (24 )% The decrease in interest expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024, was primarily due to lower debt balance, the reduction of the interest rate margin resulting from the repricing of our Term Loan B during the second quarter of 2024 and the first quarter of 2025, and the Federal Reserve interest rate cut during the third quarter of 2024. Other Income and Expense, Net (in thousands, except for percentages): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Increase % Change 2025 2024 Increase % Change Other income and expense, net $ 1,434 $ 1,428 $ 6 0 % $ 3,146 $ 2,828 $ 318 11 % The increase in other income and expense, net during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, was primarily due to an increase in interest income from significant financing components from certain revenue contracts. Loss on Debt Extinguishment During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we recognized $0.5 million associated with the repricing of our Term Loan B. There were no such costs in 2025. Refer to discussion below for further detail on the repricing of our Term Loan B. Provision for Income Taxes (in thousands, except for percentages): Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Decrease % Change 2025 2024 Decrease % Change Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ (9,099 ) $ 2,939 $ (12,038 ) (410 )% $ (7,015 ) $ 8,629 $ (15,644 ) (181 )% 33 Our income tax provision for interim periods is based on the estimated annual effective tax rate adjusted for discrete items during the period. For the three months ended June 30, 2025, we recorded an income tax benefit of $9.1 million on pretax income of $7.6 million, and for the six months ended June 30, 2025, we recorded an income tax benefit of $7.0 million on pretax income of $21.5 million, which resulted in effective tax rates of (119.4)% and (32.6)%, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025. The effective tax rate varies from the 21% U.S. federal tax rate primarily due to unrealized benefits associated with South Korea withholding tax refund claims. For the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded income tax expense of $2.9 million on pretax income of $11.3 million, and for the six months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded an income tax expense of $8.6 million on pretax income of $17.9 million, which resulted in effective tax rates of 26.0% and 48.2%, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. The decrease in income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the same periods in the prior year was primarily due to unrealized benefits associated with South Korea withholding tax refund claims. We periodically evaluate the realizability of our net deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative. After considering the evidence to assess the recoverability of our net deferred tax assets, we concluded that it was more-likely-than-not that we would realize our federal and certain state deferred tax assets. Liquidity and Capital Resources The following table presents selected financial information related to our liquidity and significant sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. As of (in thousands) June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Cash and cash equivalents $ 84,247 $ 78,825 Marketable securities 32,232 31,567 Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities $ 116,479 $ 110,392 Six Months Ended June 30, 2025 2024 Net cash provided by operating activities $ 80,256 $ 90,690 Net cash used in investing activities $ (6,159 ) $ (8,241 ) Net cash used in financing activities $ (68,675 ) $ (70,555 ) Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources are our operating cash flows and our short-term investments in marketable securities. Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were $116.5 million at June 30, 2025, an increase of $6.1 million from $110.4 million at December 31, 2024. This increase primarily resulted from $80.3 million of cash generated from operations, partially offset by $28.2 million in repayment of our long-term debt, $19.7 million in repurchases of common stock associated with tax withholdings on equity awards, $11.3 million in repurchases of common stock, $10.9 million in dividends paid, and $5.4 million in purchases of intangible assets. The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal and to maintain liquidity, while at the same time capturing a market rate of return. To achieve these objectives, we maintain a diversified portfolio of securities including money market funds and debt securities such as corporate bonds and notes, municipal bonds and notes, commercial paper, treasury and agency notes and bills and certificates of deposit. Our marketable debt securities are classified as available-for-sale (“AFS”) with credit losses recognized as a credit loss expense and non-credit related unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. For information about our material cash requirements, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Other than the principal payments of $28.2 million made by us under the existing Term Loan B during the six months ended June 30, 2025, our cash requirements have not materially changed since December 31, 2024. We expect to continue to make additional payments on our existing debt from cash generated from operations. In addition to the cash requirements outlined above, we have returned cash to stockholders through both quarterly dividend payments and repurchases of our common stock under our stock repurchase plan. 34 We believe that based on current levels of operations and anticipated growth, our cash from operations, together with cash and cash equivalents currently available, will be sufficient to satisfy our currently anticipated cash requirements through at least the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future. Poor financial results, unanticipated expenses, unanticipated acquisitions of technologies or businesses, or unanticipated strategic investments could give rise to additional financing requirements sooner than we expect. There can be no assurance that equity or debt financing will be available when needed or, if available, that such financing will be on terms satisfactory to us. The sale of additional equity securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness could result in increased debt service obligations and may include covenants that would restrict our operations. Quarterly Dividends In June 2025, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.05 per share of common stock. In July 2025, our Board authorized payment of a quarterly cash dividend of $0.05 per share, to be paid in September 2025. Stock Repurchase Plan In October 2024, our Board approved an increase of the existing share repurchase authorization up to a total of $200.0 million. The stock repurchases may be made from time to time, through solicited or unsolicited transactions in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 plan. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, we repurchased a total of approximately 0.8 million shares of common stock, at an average price of $13.19 per share for a total cost of $10.0 million. These purchases occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and no repurchases were made during the three months ended June 30, 2025. We did not repurchase any shares during the six months ended June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2025, the total remaining amount available for repurchase under this plan was $170.0 million. We may continue to execute authorized repurchases from time to time under the Plan. The amount and timing of any repurchases under the Plan depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the trading price, volume and availability of our common shares. There is no guarantee that such repurchases under the Plan will enhance the value of our common stock. Cash Flows from Operating Activities Cash flows provided by operations were $80.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to our net income of $28.5 million being adjusted for non-cash items of amortization of intangible assets of $28.3 million, stock-based compensation expense of $16.9 million, and $9.0 million in changes in operating assets and liabilities including payment during the period of employee bonuses earned in 2024. Cash flows provided by operations were $90.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to our net income of $9.3 million being adjusted for non-cash items of amortization of intangible assets of $43.2 million, amortization of debt issuance costs of $1.6 million, stock-based compensation expense of $11.7 million, depreciation of property and equipment of $1.0 million and $24.5 million in changes in operating assets and liabilities including payment during the period of employee bonuses earned in 2023. Cash Flows from Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities was $6.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to purchases of short-term investments in marketable securities of $13.0 million, purchases of intangible assets of $5.4 million, and proceeds from maturities of marketable securities of $12.6 million. Net cash used in investing activities was $8.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to purchases of short-term investments of $18.7 million, purchases of property and equipment of $1.2 million, purchases of intangible assets of $8.5 million, and proceeds from maturities of investments of $20.2 million. Capital Expenditures 35 Our capital expenditures for property and equipment consist primarily of leasehold improvements, purchases of computer hardware and software, information systems, and semiconductor production and test equipment. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we spent $0.4 million and $1.2 million on capital expenditures, respectively. Our capital expenditures for intangible assets consists primarily of acquired patents. During the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we spent $5.4 million and $8.5 million on purchases of intangible assets, respectively. There can be no assurance that current expectations will be realized, and plans are subject to change upon further review of our capital expenditure needs. Cash Flows from Financing Activities Net cash used in financing activities was $68.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 due to $28.2 million in repayment of indebtedness, $10.9 million in dividends paid, $19.7 million in repurchases of common stock for tax withholdings on equity awards, and $11.3 million in repurchases of common stock. Net cash used in financing activities was $70.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 due to $52.1 million in repayment of indebtedness, $10.9 million in dividends paid, $9.1 million in repurchases of common stock for tax withholdings on equity awards, partially offset by $1.6 million in proceeds from purchases through our employee stock purchase program and exercise of stock options. Long-term Debt On June 8, 2021, we entered into Amendment No. 1 (“Amendment No. 1”) to that certain Credit Agreement dated June 1, 2020 by and among us, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent (the “2020 Credit Agreement”). The 2020 Credit Agreement initially provided for a five-year senior secured term loan B facility in an aggregate principal amount of $1,050 million (the “2020 Term Loan B Facility”). Amendment No. 1 provided for, among other things, (i) a new tranche of term loans (the “2021 Refinanced Term Loan B”) in an aggregate principal amount of $810.0 million, (ii) a reduction of the interest rate margin applicable to such loans to (x) in the case of base rate loans, 2.50% per annum and (y) in the case of Eurodollar loans, LIBOR plus a margin of 3.50% per annum, (iii) a prepayment premium of 1.00% in connection with any repricing transaction with respect to the 2021 Refinanced Term Loan B within six months of the closing date of Amendment No. 1, (iv) an extension of the maturity to June 8, 2028, and (v) certain additional amendments, including amendments to provide us with additional flexibility under the covenant governing restricted payments. On May 30, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 2 (“Amendment No. 2”) to the 2020 Credit Agreement to replace the reference to LIBOR as the base rate with the reference to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate “SOFR” as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. On May 20, 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 3 (“Amendment No. 3”) to the 2020 Credit Agreement, which provided for, among other things, (i) a repricing of the 2020 Term Loan B Facility through a refinancing of the entire amount of the 2021 Refinanced Term Loan B with a new tranche of term loans (the “2024 Term Loan B”) in an aggregate principal amount of $561.1 million, (ii) a reduction of the interest rate margin applicable to such loans to (x) in the case of SOFR loans, SOFR plus a margin of 3.00% per annum and (y) in the case of base rate loans, 2.00% per annum, (iii) a reduction in the excess cash flow mandatory payment thresholds and (iv) a prepayment premium of 1.00% in connection with any repricing transaction with respect to the 2024 Term Loan B within six months of the closing date of Amendment No. 3. The 2024 Term Loan B will mature on June 8, 2028, the same date upon which the 2021 Refinanced Term Loan B matured prior to giving effect to Amendment No. 3. On January 30, 2025, the Company entered into Amendment No. 4 (“Amendment No. 4”) to the 2020 Credit Agreement, which provided for, among other things, (i) a repricing of the 2020 Term Loan B Facility through a refinancing of the entire amount of the 2024 Term Loan B (the “2025 Term Loan B”) in an aggregate principal amount of $487.1 million, (ii) a reduction of the interest rate margin applicable to such loans to (x) in the case of SOFR loans, 2.50% per annum and (y) in the case of base rate loans, 1.50% per annum and (iii) a prepayment premium of 1.00% in connection with any repricing transaction with respect to the 2025 Term Loan B within six months of the closing date of Amendment No. 4. The 2025 Term Loan B will mature on June 8, 2028, the same date upon which the 2024 Term Loan B matured prior to giving effect to Amendment No. 4. 36 As of June 30, 2025, $458.9 million was outstanding under the term loan B facility with an interest rate, including unamortized debt discount and issuance costs of $10.0 million. Interest is payable monthly. Under the existing loan agreement, we have future minimum principal payments for our debt of $12.2 million in the remainder of 2025, $24.4 million each year from 2026 through 2027, with the remaining principal balance of $398.0 million due in 2028. The 2020 Credit Agreement, as amended, also requires that we continue to make cash payments on an annual basis based on certain leverage ratios and excess cash flow generated for the immediately preceding fiscal year. The cash payments are applied to the remaining principal balance due at final maturity. Based on certain leverage ratios and the voluntary prepayments we made during the year ended December 31, 2024, no excess cash flow payment is required in 2025. The term loan B facility contains customary covenants, and as of June 30, 2025, we were in full compliance with such covenants. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates During the six months ended June 30, 2025, there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates. See “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates, see Part II, Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Recent Accounting Pronouncements See “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ” of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a full description of recent accounting pronouncements including the respective expected dates of adoption. 37 Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitati ve Disclosures About Market Risk For a discussion of our market risk, see Part II, Item 7A – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.