5 unchanged sentences
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting.
−Removed: Valley’s CEO and CFO have also concluded that there have not been any changes in Valley’s internal control over financial reporting in the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Valley’s internal control over financial reporting.
+Added: Valley’s CEO and CFO have also concluded that there have not been any changes in Valley’s internal control over financial reporting in the quarter ended March 31, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Valley’s internal control over financial reporting.
Valley’s management, including the CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud.
−Removed: A system of internal control, no
−Removed: matter how well conceived and operated, provides reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system of internal control are met.
+Added: A system of internal control, no matter how well conceived and operated, provides reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system of internal control are met.
The design of a system of internal control reflects resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.
−Removed: Because there are inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Valley have been or will be detected.
+Added: Because there are inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if
+Added: any, within Valley have been or will be detected.
These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns occur because of a simple error or mistake.
10 unchanged sentences
Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.