SILGAN HOLDINGS INC 10-Q

Item 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Statements included in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements” made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-looking statements are made based upon management’s expectations and beliefs concerning future events impacting us and therefore involve a number of uncertainties and risks, including, but not limited to, those described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. As a result, the actual results of our operations or our financial condition could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. General We are a leading manufacturer and supplier of sustainable rigid packaging solutions for the world's essential consumer goods products. We currently produce dispensing and specialty closures for the fragrance and beauty, food, beverage, personal and health care, home care and lawn and garden markets; steel and aluminum containers for pet and human food and general line products; and custom designed plastic containers for the pet and human food, consumer health and pharmaceutical, personal care, home care, lawn and garden and automotive markets. We are a leading worldwide manufacturer of dispensing and specialty closures, a leading manufacturer of metal containers in North America and Europe, and a leading manufacturer of custom containers in North America for a variety of markets. Our objective is to increase shareholder value by efficiently deploying capital and management resources to grow our business, reduce operating costs and build sustainable competitive positions, or franchises, and to complete acquisitions that generate attractive cash returns. We have grown our net sales and income from operations largely through acquisitions but also through internal growth, and we continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities in the consumer goods packaging market. If acquisition opportunities are not identified over a longer period of time, we may use our cash flow to repay debt, repurchase shares of our common stock or increase dividends to our stockholders or for other permitted purposes. -18- RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following table sets forth certain unaudited income statement data expressed as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended March 31: 2026 2025 Net sales Dispensing and Specialty Closures 43.9 % 45.8 % Metal Containers 46.4 42.8 Custom Containers 9.7 11.4 Consolidated 100.0 100.0 Cost of goods sold 83.0 81.6 Gross profit 17.0 18.4 Selling, general and administrative expenses 8.4 8.8 Rationalization charges 0.6 0.7 Other pension and postretirement income (0.1) — Income before interest and income taxes 8.1 8.9 Interest and other debt expense 2.7 3.0 Income before income taxes 5.4 5.9 Provision for income taxes 1.4 1.4 Income before equity in earnings of affiliates 4.0 4.5 Equity in earnings of affiliates, net of tax 0.1 0.1 Net income 4.1 % 4.6 % Summary unaudited results of operations for the three months ended March 31 are provided below. 2026 2025 (dollars in millions) Net sales Dispensing and Specialty Closures $ 685.3 $ 671.1 Metal Containers 724.9 628.4 Custom Containers 151.1 167.2 Consolidated $ 1,561.3 $ 1,466.7 Income before interest and income taxes Dispensing and Specialty Closures $ 77.3 $ 79.9 Metal Containers 45.0 44.7 Custom Containers 19.9 22.1 Corporate (15.6) (16.2) Consolidated $ 126.6 $ 130.5 Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 Compared with Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Net Sales . In the first quarter of 2026, consolidated net sales were $1.56 billion, an increase of $94.6 million, or 6.4 percent, as compared to the first quarter of 2025 primarily due to the contractual pass through of higher raw material and other manufacturing costs in the dispensing and specialty closures and metal containers segments, the impact from favorable foreign currency translation of approximately $47.0 million and higher unit volumes in the metal containers segment, partially offset by lower volumes in the dispensing and specialty closures and the custom containers segments and a less favorable mix of products sold in the dispensing and specialty closures and metal containers segments. -19- Gross Profit . Gross profit margin decreased 1.4 percentage points to 17.0 percent in the first quarter of 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 primarily for the reasons discussed below in "Income before Interest and Income Taxes". Selling, General and Administrative Expenses . In the first quarter of 2026, selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of consolidated net sales decreased to 8.4 percent as compared to 8.8 percent in the first quarter of 2025. For the first quarter of 2026, selling, general and administrative expenses increased $2.1 million to $131.2 million as compared to the first quarter of 2025. Income before Interest and Income Taxes . In the first quarter of 2026, income before interest and income taxes decreased by $3.9 million to $126.6 million as compared to $130.5 million in the first quarter of 2025, and margins decreased to 8.1 percent from 8.9 percent over the same periods. The decrease in income before interest and income taxes was primarily the result of a less favorable mix of products sold and lower unit volumes in the dispensing and specialty closures segment, the benefit in the prior year quarter from the sell through of lower cost inventory and the adverse impact in the current year quarter from the sell through of higher cost inventory in our European metal closures operations, lower volumes in the custom containers segment and a less favorable mix of products sold in the metal containers segment, partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign currency, lower rationalization charges, higher unit volumes in the metal containers segment and lower costs attributed to announced acquisitions. Rationalization charges were $9.0 million and $11.0 million in the first quarters of 2026 and 2025, respectively. Costs attributed to announced acquisitions were $1.1 million in the first quarter of 2025. Interest and Other Debt Expense . In the first quarter of 2026, interest and other debt expense before the loss on early extinguishment of debt decreased $1.5 million to $41.4 million as compared to $42.9 million in the first quarter of 2025. The decrease was primarily due to lower weighted average interest rates during the current year period. Provision for Income Taxes . For the first quarters of 2026 and 2025, the effective tax rates were 26.5 percent and 23.8 percent, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate in the first quarter of 2026 was primarily due to changes in the geographic mix of profit in the current year period as compared to the prior year period. -20- Non-GAAP Measures Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States are commonly referred to as GAAP. A non-GAAP financial measure is generally defined as a financial measure that purports to measure financial performance, financial position or liquidity but excludes or includes amounts that could not be so adjusted in the most comparable GAAP measure. Adjusted EBIT and adjusted EBIT margin are unaudited supplemental measures of financial performance that the Company uses, which are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP and therefore are non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as alternatives to income before interest and income taxes or any other measures derived in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any financial data prepared in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies. The Company uses such non-GAAP financial measures because it considers them to be important and useful supplemental measures of its and its segments’ financial performance which provide a more complete understanding of the Company and its segments than could be obtained absent such non-GAAP financial measures. The Company believes that it is important and useful to present these non-GAAP financial measures because they allow for a better period-over-period comparison of results by removing the impact of items that, in management’s view, do not reflect the Company’s or its segments’ core operating performance. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to review and analyze the operating performance of the Company and its segments. Investors and others are urged to review and consider carefully the adjustments made by management to the most comparable GAAP financial measure to arrive at these non-GAAP financial measures. Adjusted EBIT, a non-GAAP financial measure, means income before interest and income taxes excluding, as applicable, acquired intangible asset amortization expense, other pension (income) expense for U.S. pension plans and closed facilities, rationalization charges and costs attributed to announced acquisitions and including, as applicable, equity in earnings of affiliates, net of tax. Adjusted EBIT margin, a non-GAAP financial measure, means adjusted EBIT divided by segment net sales. Acquired intangible asset amortization expense is a non-cash expense related to acquired operations that management believes is not indicative of the on-going performance of the acquired operations. Since the Company’s U.S. pension plans are significantly over funded and have no required cash contributions for the foreseeable future based on current regulations, management views other pension (income) expense from the Company’s U.S. pension plans, which excludes service costs, as not reflective of the operational performance of the Company or its segments. Additionally, other pension expense for closed facilities relate to former operations and former employees of the Company and are not indicative of the operational performance of the Company or its segments. While rationalization costs are incurred on a regular basis, management views these costs more as an investment to generate savings rather than period costs. Costs attributed to announced acquisitions consist of third party fees and expenses that are viewed by management as part of the acquisition and not indicative of the on-going cost structure of the Company. The Company's management views the operating performance of its affiliates which are joint ventures as part of the Company's operating performance and therefore believes that the Company's share of the net operating results of its affiliates which are joint ventures should be included in the Company's adjusted EBIT. -21- A reconciliation of such non-GAAP financial measures for the three months ended March 31 is provided below: 2026 2025 (Dollars in millions) Dispensing and Specialty Closures Income before interest and income taxes (EBIT) $ 77.3 $ 79.9 Acquired intangible asset amortization expense 14.8 13.9 Other pension expense (income) for U.S. pension plans and closed facilities 0.3 (0.2) Equity in earnings of affiliates, net of tax 1.2 1.2 Rationalization charges 2.5 4.4 Adjusted EBIT $ 96.1 $ 99.2 Metal Containers Income before interest and income taxes (EBIT) $ 45.0 $ 44.7 Acquired intangible asset amortization expense 0.4 0.4 Other pension (income) for U.S. pension plans and closed facilities (1.3) (0.4) Rationalization charges 5.7 4.9 Adjusted EBIT $ 49.8 $ 49.6 Custom Containers Income before interest and income taxes (EBIT) $ 19.9 $ 22.1 Acquired intangible asset amortization expense 1.0 1.1 Other pension (income) for U.S. pension plans and closed facilities — (0.3) Rationalization charges 0.8 1.7 Adjusted EBIT $ 21.7 $ 24.6 Corporate Loss before interest and income taxes (EBIT) $ (15.6) $ (16.2) Costs attributed to announced acquisitions — 1.1 Adjusted EBIT $ (15.6) $ (15.1) Total adjusted EBIT $ 152.0 $ 158.3 -22- Dispensing and Specialty Closures Segment 2026 2025 (Dollars in millions) Net sales $ 685.3 $ 671.1 Income before interest and income taxes (EBIT) 77.3 79.9 Income before interest and income taxes margin (EBIT margin) 11.3 % 11.9 % Adjusted EBIT $ 96.1 $ 99.2 Adjusted EBIT margin 14.0 % 14.8 % In the first quarter of 2026, net sales for the dispensing and specialty closures segment increased $14.2 million, or 2.1 percent, as compared to the first quarter of 2025. This increase was primarily the result of the impact of favorable foreign currency translation of approximately $37.0 million and the contractual pass through of higher raw material and other costs, partially offset by lower unit volumes of three percent and a less favorable mix of products sold. Volumes and mix of products sold in the quarter were affected in part by production impacts from severe weather in the first quarter. In the first quarter of 2026, adjusted EBIT of the dispensing and specialty closures segment decreased $3.1 million as compared to the first quarter of 2025, and adjusted EBIT margin decreased to 14.0 percent from 14.8 percent over the same periods. The decrease in adjusted EBIT was primarily due to a less favorable mix of products sold, lower volumes, the benefit in the prior year quarter from the sell through of lower cost inventory and the adverse impact in the current year quarter from the sell through of higher cost inventory in our European metal closures operations, partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign currency. Metal Containers Segment 2026 2025 (Dollars in millions) Net sales $ 724.9 $ 628.4 Income before interest and income taxes (EBIT) 45.0 44.7 Income before interest and income taxes margin (EBIT margin) 6.2 % 7.1 % Adjusted EBIT $ 49.8 $ 49.6 Adjusted EBIT margin 6.9 % 7.9 % In the first quarter of 2026, net sales for the metal containers segment increased $96.5 million, or 15.4 percent, as compared to the first quarter of 2025. This increase was primarily the result of the contractual pass through of higher raw material and other manufacturing costs, higher unit volumes of approximately two percent and the impact of favorable foreign currency translation of approximately $9.0 million, partially offset by a less favorable mix of products sold. The increase in unit volumes was primarily due to higher volumes for pet food markets, which was partially offset by lower volumes for fruit and vegetable markets as a result of prebuy activity in the fourth quarter of 2025. In the first quarter of 2026, adjusted EBIT of the metal containers segment increased $0.2 million as compared to the first quarter of 2025, while adjusted EBIT margin decreased to 6.9 percent from 7.9 percent for the same periods. The increase in adjusted EBIT was primarily due to higher unit volumes, partially offset by a less favorable mix of products sold. -23- Custom Containers Segment 2026 2025 (Dollars in millions) Net sales $ 151.1 $ 167.2 Income before interest and income taxes (EBIT) 19.9 22.1 Income before interest and income taxes margin (EBIT margin) 13.2 % 13.2 % Adjusted EBIT $ 21.7 $ 24.6 Adjusted EBIT margin 14.4 % 14.7 % In the first quarter of 2026, net sales for the custom containers segment decreased $16.1 million, or 9.6 percent, as compared to the first quarter of 2025. This decrease was principally due to lower volumes of approximately eleven percent primarily from the exit of lower margin business in 2025 as a result of footprint optimization plans to achieve previously announced cost reduction goals and customer destocking activities in the current year quarter, partially offset by the impact of favorable foreign currency translation of approximately $1.0 million. In the first quarter of 2026, adjusted EBIT of the custom containers segment decreased $2.9 million as compared to the first quarter of 2025, and adjusted EBIT margin decreased to 14.4 percent from 14.7 percent over the same periods. The decrease in adjusted EBIT was primarily attributable to lower volumes. CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY Our principal sources of liquidity have been net cash from operating activities and borrowings under our debt instruments, including our senior secured credit facility. Our liquidity requirements arise from our obligations under the indebtedness incurred in connection with our acquisitions and the refinancing of that indebtedness, capital investment in new and existing equipment, the funding of our seasonal working capital needs and other general corporate uses. On February 3, 2026, we prepaid $42.5 million principal amount of outstanding U.S. term loans under the Credit Agreement with cash on hand. On March 6, 2026, we entered into the Sixth Amendment, with the lenders party to the Credit Agreement and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent. The Sixth Amendment amended the Credit Agreement to improve the interest rate margin grid for term loans and eliminate the credit spread adjustments effective March 6, 2026 for Term SOFR Loans, Daily Simple RFR Loans and Term CORRA Loans (each as defined in the Credit Agreement). Effective with the Sixth Amendment, the margin for term loans maintained as Eurocurrency Rate Loans and RFR Loans (each as defined in the Credit Agreement) was 1.25 percent, and the margin for term loans maintained as Base Rate Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) was 0.25 percent. In accordance with the Sixth Amendment, the margin for term loans and revolving loans will be reset quarterly after March 31, 2026 based upon our Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) as provided in the Credit Agreement. The range for the applicable margin for term loans will be 0.00 percent to 0.50 percent for Base Rate Loans and 1.00 percent to 1.50 percent for Eurocurrency Rate Loans and RFR Loans. On March 31, 2026, we repaid all $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 1.4% Notes at 100 percent of their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the repayment date. We funded this repayment with revolving loan borrowings under the Credit Agreement and cash on hand. As a result of such redemption and satisfaction and discharge of the indenture for the 1.4% Notes (including the discharge of the guarantees therein of the 1.4% Notes by our U.S. subsidiaries that also guarantee our obligations under the Credit Agreement), the guarantees of the 4⅛% Senior Notes, the 2¼% Senior Notes and the 4¼% Senior Notes by our U.S. subsidiaries that also guarantee our obligations under the Credit Agreement were automatically released and discharged on March 31, 2026. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, we used net borrowings of revolving loans of $906.8 million, cash and cash equivalents of $645.2 million and the positive effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents of $0.5 million to fund cash used in operations of $799.6 million, the repayment of long-term debt of $542.5 million, decreases in outstanding checks of $97.4 million, net capital expenditures and other investing activities of $80.0 million, dividends paid on our common stock of $22.8 million, repurchases of our common stock of $7.8 million, debt issuance costs of $1.2 million and the repayment of principal amounts under finance leases of $1.2 million. -24- For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we used net borrowings of revolving loans of $1.1 billion, cash and cash equivalents of $469.9 million and the positive effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents of $13.0 million to fund the repayment of long-term debt of $706.3 million, cash used in operations of $683.4 million, decreases in outstanding checks of $85.0 million, net capital expenditures and other investing activities of $82.5 million, dividends paid on our common stock of $21.9 million, repurchases of our common stock of $6.9 million and the repayment of principal amounts under finance leases of $1.3 million. At March 31, 2026, we had $894.7 million of revolving loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement. After taking into account outstanding letters of credit, the available portion of revolving loans under the Credit Agreement at March 31, 2026 was $583.6 million. Because we sell metal containers and closures used in fruit and vegetable pack processing, we have seasonal sales. As is common in the industry, we must utilize working capital to build inventory and then carry accounts receivable for some customers beyond the end of the packing season. Due to our seasonal requirements, which generally peak sometime in the summer or early fall, we may incur short-term indebtedness to finance our working capital requirements. Our peak seasonal working capital requirements have historically averaged approximately $600 million. We fund seasonal working capital requirements through revolving loans under the Credit Agreement, other foreign bank loans and cash on hand. We may use the available portion of revolving loans under the Credit Agreement, after taking into account our seasonal needs and outstanding letters of credit, for other general corporate purposes including acquisitions, capital expenditures, dividends, stock repurchases and to refinance or repurchase other debt. We believe that cash generated from operations and funds from borrowings available under the Credit Agreement and other foreign bank loans will be sufficient to meet our expected operating needs, planned capital expenditures, debt service, tax obligations, pension benefit plan contributions, share repurchases and common stock dividends for the foreseeable future. We continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities in the consumer goods packaging market and may incur additional indebtedness, including indebtedness under the Credit Agreement, to finance any such acquisition. We are in compliance with all financial and operating covenants contained in our financing agreements and believe that we will continue to be in compliance during 2026 with all of these covenants. Supply Chain Finance Program For our suppliers, we believe that we negotiate the best terms possible, including payment terms. In connection therewith, we initiated a SCF program with a major global financial institution. Under this SCF program, a qualifying supplier may elect, but is not obligated, to sell its receivables from us to such financial institution. A participating supplier negotiates its receivables sale arrangements directly with the financial institution under this SCF program. While we are not party to, and do not participate in the negotiation of, such arrangements, such financial institution allows a participating supplier to utilize our creditworthiness in establishing a credit spread in respect of the sale of its receivables from us as well as other applicable terms. This may provide a supplier with more favorable terms than it would be able to secure on its own. We have no economic interest in a supplier’s decision to sell a receivable. Once a qualifying supplier elects to participate in this SCF program and reaches an agreement with the financial institution, the supplier independently elects which individual invoices to us that they sell to the financial institution. All of our payments to a participating supplier are paid to the financial institution on the invoice due date under our agreement with such supplier, regardless of whether the individual invoice was sold by the supplier to the financial institution. The financial institution then pays the supplier on the invoice due date under our agreement with such supplier for any invoices not previously sold by the supplier to the financial institution. Amounts due to a supplier that elects to participate in this SCF program are included in accounts payable in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the associated payments are reflected in net cash provided by operating activities in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Separate from this SCF program, we and suppliers who participate in this SCF program generally maintain the contractual right to require the other party to negotiate in good faith the existing payment terms as a result of changes in market conditions, including changes in interest rates and general market liquidity, or in some cases for any reason. Outstanding trade accounts payables subject to this SCF program were approximately $357.6 million, $262.9 million and $438.5 million at March 31, 2026 and 2025 and December 31, 2025, respectively. -25- Rationalization Charges We continually evaluate cost reduction opportunities across each of our segments, including rationalizations of our existing facilities through plant closings and downsizings. We use a disciplined approach to identify opportunities that generate attractive cash returns. Under our rationalization plans, we made cash payments of $7.2 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Excluding the impact of our withdrawal from the Central States Pension Plan in 2019, remaining expenses and cash expenditures for our rationalization plans are expected to be $18.1 million and $38.1 million, respectively. Remaining expenses for the accretion of interest for the withdrawal liability related to the Central States Pension Plan are expected to average approximately $0.7 million per year and be recognized annually through 2040, and remaining cash expenditures for the withdrawal liability related to the Central States Pension Plan are expected to be approximately $2.6 million annually through 2040. You should also read Note 3 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended March 31, 2026 included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. -26-