PARK NATIONAL CORP /OH/ 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (in thousands, except common share and per common share data) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Assets: Cash and due from banks $ 140,252 $ 156,750 Money market instruments 83,366 32,978 Cash and cash equivalents 223,618 189,728 Investment securities: Debt securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $ 1,747,396 and $ 1,854,852 at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and no allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2023 or at December 31, 2022) 1,609,156 1,733,696 Other investment securities 99,671 87,091 Total investment securities 1,708,827 1,820,787 Loans 7,349,745 7,141,891 Allowance for credit losses ( 84,602 ) ( 85,379 ) Net loans 7,265,143 7,056,512 Bank owned life insurance 225,142 220,072 Prepaid assets 158,124 153,579 Goodwill 159,595 159,595 Other intangible assets 4,986 5,975 Premises and equipment, net 77,331 82,126 Affordable housing tax credit investments 64,676 60,968 OREO 1,354 1,354 Accrued interest receivable 39,101 34,704 Operating lease ROU asset 16,349 17,600 Mortgage loan servicing rights 14,960 15,792 Other 41,708 36,201 Total assets $ 10,000,914 $ 9,854,993 5 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Continued) (in thousands, except common share and per common share data) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: Deposits: Non-interest bearing $ 2,732,504 $ 3,074,276 Interest bearing 5,512,220 5,160,439 Total deposits 8,244,724 8,234,715 Short-term borrowings 352,786 227,342 Subordinated notes 189,025 188,667 Unfunded commitments in affordable housing tax credit investments 31,553 28,132 Operating lease liability 17,426 19,291 Allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments 5,201 5,214 Accrued interest payable 3,277 3,486 Other 71,358 78,920 Total liabilities $ 8,915,350 $ 8,785,767 Shareholders' equity: Preferred shares (No par value; 200,000 shares authorized; No shares issued) $ — $ — Common shares (No par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 17,623,104 common shares issued at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022) 461,849 462,404 Retained earnings 896,627 847,235 Treasury shares ( 1,519,679 common shares at September 30, 2023 and 1,359,521 common shares at December 31, 2022) ( 157,022 ) ( 138,019 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes ( 115,890 ) ( 102,394 ) Total shareholders' equity 1,085,564 1,069,226 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 10,000,914 $ 9,854,993 SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 6 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income (Unaudited) (in thousands, except common share and per common share data) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Interest and dividend income: Interest and fees on loans $ 103,258 $ 83,522 $ 291,300 $ 233,725 Interest and dividends on: Debt securities - taxable 13,321 10,319 39,731 24,073 Debt securities - tax-exempt 2,900 2,923 8,718 8,046 Other interest income 1,410 3,180 6,715 3,593 Total interest and dividend income 120,889 99,944 346,464 269,437 Interest expense: Interest on deposits: Demand and savings deposits 20,029 5,757 52,309 7,441 Time deposits 3,097 825 6,410 2,253 Interest on borrowings: Short-term borrowings 1,136 306 2,688 740 Subordinated notes and long-term debt 2,358 2,228 7,018 6,550 Total interest expense 26,620 9,116 68,425 16,984 Net interest income 94,269 90,828 278,039 252,453 (Recovery of) provision for credit losses ( 1,580 ) 3,190 1,095 1,576 Net interest income after (recovery of) provision for credit losses $ 95,849 $ 87,638 $ 276,944 $ 250,877 Other income: Income from fiduciary activities $ 9,100 $ 8,216 $ 26,531 $ 25,872 Service charges on deposit accounts 2,109 2,859 6,391 7,496 Other service income 2,615 2,956 7,951 12,715 Debit card fee income 6,652 6,514 19,939 19,371 Bank owned life insurance income 1,448 1,185 3,965 4,734 ATM fees 575 610 1,661 1,725 (Loss) gain on the sale of OREO, net ( 6 ) 5,607 ( 3 ) 5,611 OREO valuation markup — 12,009 15 12,039 Gain on equity securities, net 998 58 618 3,120 Other components of net periodic pension benefit income 1,893 3,027 5,679 9,081 Miscellaneous 2,329 3,653 4,368 7,779 Total other income $ 27,713 $ 46,694 $ 77,115 $ 109,543 7 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Continued) (in thousands, except common share and per common share data) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Other expense: Salaries $ 34,525 $ 37,889 $ 103,045 $ 99,462 Employee benefits 10,822 9,897 32,176 30,595 Occupancy expense 3,203 3,455 9,770 9,709 Furniture and equipment expense 3,060 2,912 9,409 8,783 Data processing fees 9,700 8,170 28,032 24,090 Professional fees and services 7,572 8,359 22,158 20,992 Marketing 1,197 1,595 3,755 3,931 Insurance 2,158 1,237 5,932 3,887 Communication 1,135 1,098 3,217 2,923 State tax expense 1,125 1,186 3,499 3,545 Amortization of intangible assets 334 341 989 1,146 Foundation contribution — 4,000 — 4,000 Miscellaneous 2,977 2,764 8,214 7,261 Total other expense $ 77,808 $ 82,903 $ 230,196 $ 220,324 Income before income taxes $ 45,754 $ 51,429 123,863 140,096 Income taxes 8,837 9,361 21,629 24,829 Net income $ 36,917 $ 42,068 $ 102,234 $ 115,267 Earnings per common share: Basic $ 2.29 $ 2.59 $ 6.32 $ 7.10 Diluted $ 2.28 $ 2.57 $ 6.29 $ 7.05 Weighted average common shares outstanding: Basic 16,133,310 16,253,704 16,180,261 16,240,966 Diluted 16,217,880 16,374,982 16,261,109 16,355,790 Regular cash dividends declared per common share $ 1.05 $ 1.04 $ 3.15 $ 3.12 SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 8 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) (in thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Net income $ 36,917 $ 42,068 $ 102,234 $ 115,267 Other comprehensive loss, net of tax: Unrealized net holding loss on debt securities available-for-sale, net of income tax effect of $( 5,078 ) and $( 10,617 ) for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $( 3,588 ) and $( 37,403 ) for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. ( 19,104 ) ( 39,939 ) ( 13,496 ) ( 140,704 ) Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income on cash flow hedging derivatives, net of income tax effect of $ 14 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. — — — 52 Unrealized gain on cash flow hedging derivatives, net of income tax effect of $ 41 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. — — — 154 Other comprehensive loss $ ( 19,104 ) $ ( 39,939 ) $ ( 13,496 ) $ ( 140,498 ) Comprehensive income (loss) $ 17,813 $ 2,129 $ 88,738 $ ( 25,231 ) SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 9 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) (in thousands, except common share and per common share data) Preferred Shares Common Shares Retained Earnings Treasury Shares Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Balance at December 31, 2022 $ — $ 462,404 $ 847,235 $ ( 138,019 ) $ ( 102,394 ) Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle ( 303 ) Balance at January 1, 2023 $ — $ 462,404 $ 846,932 $ ( 138,019 ) $ ( 102,394 ) Net income 33,733 Other comprehensive income, net of tax 12,361 Dividends on common shares at $ 1.05 per common share ( 17,285 ) Issuance of 34,484 common shares under share-based compensation awards, net of 21,981 common shares withheld to pay employee income taxes ( 5,309 ) ( 862 ) 3,564 Share-based compensation expense 2,336 Repurchase of 124,000 common shares to be held as treasury shares ( 15,308 ) Balance at March 31, 2023 $ — $ 459,431 $ 862,518 $ ( 149,763 ) $ ( 90,033 ) Net income 31,584 Other comprehensive loss, net of tax ( 6,753 ) Dividends on common shares at $ 1.05 per common share ( 17,187 ) Issuance of 4,358 common shares under share-based compensation awards, net of 1,992 common shares withheld to pay employee income taxes ( 602 ) ( 85 ) $ 450 Share-based compensation expense 1,749 Repurchase of 25,000 common shares to be held as treasury shares ( 2,552 ) Balance at June 30, 2023 $ — $ 460,578 $ 876,830 $ ( 151,865 ) $ ( 96,786 ) Net income 36,917 Other comprehensive loss, net of tax ( 19,104 ) Dividends on common shares at $ 1.05 per common share ( 17,120 ) Share-based compensation expense 1,271 Repurchase of 50,000 common shares to be held as treasury shares ( 5,157 ) Balance at September 30, 2023 $ — $ 461,849 $ 896,627 $ ( 157,022 ) $ ( 115,890 ) 10 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) (Continued) (in thousands, except common share and per common share data) Preferred Shares Common Shares Retained Earnings Treasury Shares Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Balance at December 31, 2021 $ — $ 461,800 $ 776,294 $ ( 142,490 ) $ 15,155 Net income 38,875 Other comprehensive loss, net of tax ( 55,624 ) Dividends on common shares at $ 1.04 per common share ( 17,172 ) Cash payment for fractional common shares in dividend reinvestment plan ( 2 ) Issuance of 29,757 common shares under share-based compensation awards, net of 18,658 common shares withheld to pay employee income taxes ( 4,508 ) ( 964 ) 3,021 Share-based compensation expense 1,981 Balance at March 31, 2022 $ — $ 459,271 $ 797,033 $ ( 139,469 ) $ ( 40,469 ) Net income 34,324 Other comprehensive loss, net of tax ( 44,935 ) Dividends on common shares at $ 1.04 per common share ( 17,116 ) Share-based compensation expense 1,374 Balance at June 30, 2022 $ — $ 460,645 $ 814,241 $ ( 139,469 ) $ ( 85,404 ) Net income 42,068 Other comprehensive loss, net of tax ( 39,939 ) Dividends on common shares at $ 1.04 per common share ( 17,101 ) Issuance of 4,490 common shares under share-based compensation awards, net of 2,559 common shares withheld to pay employee income taxes ( 765 ) ( 1 ) 456 Share-based compensation expense 1,441 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ — $ 461,321 $ 839,207 $ ( 139,013 ) $ ( 125,343 ) SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 11 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (in thousands) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 Operating activities: Net income $ 102,234 $ 115,267 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Provision for credit losses 1,095 1,576 Accretion of loan fees and costs, net ( 6,621 ) ( 9,869 ) Depreciation of premises and equipment 10,635 10,341 Amortization of investment securities, net 3,156 2,596 Net amortization (accretion) of purchase accounting adjustments 451 ( 402 ) Gain on equity securities, net ( 618 ) ( 3,120 ) Loan originations to be sold in secondary market ( 53,432 ) ( 157,868 ) Proceeds from sale of loans in secondary market 53,711 169,212 Gain on sale of loans in secondary market ( 996 ) ( 3,885 ) Share-based compensation expense 5,356 4,796 Loss (gain) on sale of OREO, net 3 ( 5,611 ) OREO valuation markup ( 15 ) ( 12,039 ) Gain on sale of non-mortgage loans — ( 495 ) Bank owned life insurance income ( 3,965 ) ( 4,734 ) Investment in qualified affordable housing tax credits amortization 6,292 5,940 Changes in assets and liabilities: Increase in prepaid dealer premiums ( 1,339 ) ( 10,827 ) Increase in other assets ( 7,000 ) ( 2,302 ) Decrease in other liabilities ( 12,092 ) ( 8,963 ) Net cash provided by operating activities $ 96,855 $ 89,613 Investing activities: Proceeds from the redemption/repurchase of FHLB stock $ 4,605 $ 2,216 Proceeds from calls and maturities of: Debt securities AFS 108,281 148,192 Purchases of: Debt securities AFS ( 3,981 ) ( 316,878 ) Equity securities ( 2,195 ) ( 9,165 ) FHLB stock ( 13,636 ) — Net decrease in other investments 2,009 392 Net loan originations, portfolio loans ( 203,298 ) ( 234,239 ) Proceeds from the sale of non-mortgage loans — 4,345 Investment in qualified affordable housing tax credits ( 6,579 ) ( 10,004 ) Proceeds from the sale of OREO 965 17,684 Bank owned life insurance death benefits 1,658 8,380 Purchases of bank owned life insurance ( 2,500 ) ( 7,500 ) Purchases of premises and equipment ( 5,858 ) ( 6,576 ) Net cash used in investing activities $ ( 120,529 ) $ ( 403,153 ) 12 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (Continued) (in thousands) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 Financing activities: Net (decrease) increase in deposits $ ( 185,164 ) $ 188,536 Net decrease in off-balance sheet deposits 195,173 216,869 Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings 125,444 ( 49,293 ) Value of common shares withheld to pay employee income taxes ( 2,844 ) ( 2,761 ) Repurchase of common shares to be held as treasury shares ( 23,017 ) — Cash dividends paid ( 52,028 ) ( 51,558 ) Net cash provided by financing activities $ 57,564 $ 301,793 Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 33,890 ( 11,747 ) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 189,728 219,180 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 223,618 $ 207,433 Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid for: Interest $ 68,634 $ 18,805 Federal income tax 12,200 16,070 Non-cash items: Loans transferred to OREO $ 1,051 $ 13,418 ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations 499 4,270 New commitments in affordable housing tax credits 10,000 10,000 New commitments in other investment securities 2,745 15,000 SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 13 Table of Contents PARK NATIONAL CORPORATION NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1 – Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements included in this report have been prepared for Park National Corporation (sometimes also referred to as the “Registrant”) and its subsidiaries. Unless the context otherwise requires, references to "Park", the "Corporation" or the "Company" and similar terms mean Park National Corporation and its subsidiaries. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations for the interim periods included herein have been made. The results of operations for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be anticipated for the year ending December 31, 2023. The accompanying unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated condensed balance sheets, consolidated condensed statements of income, consolidated condensed statements of comprehensive income (loss), consolidated condensed statements of changes in shareholders’ equity and consolidated condensed statements of cash flows in conformity with U.S. GAAP. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Park National Corporation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 ("Park's 2022 Form 10-K"). Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Park’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Park’s 2022 Form 10-K. For interim reporting purposes, Park follows the same basic accounting policies, as updated by the information contained in this report, and considers each interim period an integral part of an annual period. Note 2 - Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements and Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards The following is a summary of new accounting pronouncements impacting Park's consolidated financial statements: Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements ASU 2022-02 - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures: In March 2022, FASB issued ASU 2022-02 - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures . ASU 2022-02 eliminated the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, Receivables - Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors , while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty. Additionally, the amendments in this ASU require that public business entities disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Measured at Amortized Cost. Park adopted ASU 2022-02 using the modified retrospective transition method on January 1, 2023. Park recorded a $ 383,000 increase to the ACL, a $ 303,000 decrease to retained earnings and an $ 80,000 increase to deferred tax assets as of January 1, 2023 for the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2022-02. Additionally, as a result of the adoption of this ASU and elimination of the concept of TDRs, total nonperforming loans decreased by $ 20.1 million effective January 1, 2023 and individually evaluated loans decreased by $ 11.5 million. The adoption of ASU 2022-02 impacted disclosures in Note 5 - Loans and Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses. 14 Table of Contents Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards SEC Cybersecurity Disclosures: In July 2023, the SEC voted to standardize disclosures about cybersecurity risk management, strategy, governance, and material cybersecurity incidents by public companies subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). The Current Report on Form 8-K has a new item, Item 1.05, and registrants will be required to disclose under this Item 1.05 any cybersecurity incident that is deemed to be material and describe the material aspects of the incident's nature, scope, and timing, as well as its material impact, or reasonably likely material impact on a registrant, including its financial condition and results of operations. The Form 8-K filing will generally be due four business days after a registrant determines that the cybersecurity incident is material. Also, SEC Regulation S-K has a new item, Item 106, which will require registrants to describe, on an annual basis, the processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats as well as the material effects, or reasonably likely material effects, of risk from cybersecurity threats and previous cybersecurity incidents. Item 106 will also require registrants to describe the board of directors' oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats and management's role and expertise in assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. These disclosures will be required in the annual report on Form 10-K. Compliance with the material incident disclosure requirements in Item 1.05 of Form 8-K is to begin on December 18, 2023 and the annual disclosures are to be provided beginning with annual reports for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2023. Management intends to adopt the SEC cybersecurity rules effective December 18, 2023 and will include annual disclosures in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Park National Corporation for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. ASU 2023-06 - Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative: In October 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-06 - Disclosure Improvements - Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. ASU 2023-06 amends the disclosure or presentation requirements related to various subtopics in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. ASU 2023-06 was issued in response to the SEC's August 2018 final rule that updated and simplified disclosure requirements. In the final rule, the SEC identified 27 disclosure requirements that were incremental to those in the ASC and referred them to the FASB for potential incorporation into US GAAP. To avoid duplication, the SEC intended to eliminate those disclosure requirements from existing SEC regulations if the FASB incorporated them into the relevant ASC subtopics. The disclosure requirements are currently included in either SEC Regulation S-X or SEC Regulation S-K. ASU 2023-06 adds 14 of the 27 identified disclosure or presentation requirements to the ASC. For entities, like Park, that are subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements, the effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC's removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. The amendments are to be applied prospectively and if by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the ASC and will not become effective for any entity. Management intends to adopt the provisions of ASU 2023-06 on their respective effective dates. The adoption of the provisions of ASU 2023-06 is not expected to have a material impact on Park's consolidated financial statements. 15 Table of Contents Note 3 – Investment Securities Investment securities at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, were as follows: Debt securities AFS (In thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Holding Gains Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Fair Value September 30, 2023: Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities $ 39,000 $ — $ 1,700 $ 37,300 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 420,590 17 31,510 389,097 U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities 735,317 — 95,035 640,282 Collateralized loan obligations 532,030 — 7,139 524,891 Corporate debt securities 20,459 — 2,873 17,586 Total $ 1,747,396 $ 17 $ 138,257 $ 1,609,156 Debt securities AFS (In thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Holding Gains Gross Unrealized Holding Losses Fair Value December 31, 2022: Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities $ 39,000 $ — $ 1,787 $ 37,213 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 423,285 1,620 18,194 406,711 U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities 839,399 — 82,638 756,761 Collateralized loan obligations 535,518 — 18,979 516,539 Corporate debt securities 17,650 — 1,178 16,472 Total $ 1,854,852 $ 1,620 $ 122,776 $ 1,733,696 Investment securities in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2023, were as follows: Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months Unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer Total (In thousands) Fair value Unrealized losses Fair value Unrealized losses Fair value Unrealized losses Debt securities AFS: Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities $ — $ — $ 37,300 $ 1,700 $ 37,300 $ 1,700 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 277,975 8,626 93,969 22,884 371,944 31,510 U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities 1,171 22 639,111 95,013 640,282 95,035 Collateralized loan obligations — — 524,891 7,139 524,891 7,139 Corporate debt securities 9,299 910 8,287 1,963 17,586 2,873 Total $ 288,445 $ 9,558 $ 1,303,558 $ 128,699 $ 1,592,003 $ 138,257 16 Table of Contents Investment securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2022, were as follows: Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months Unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer Total (In thousands) Fair value Unrealized losses Fair value Unrealized losses Fair value Unrealized losses Debt securities AFS: Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities $ 37,213 $ 1,787 $ — $ — $ 37,213 $ 1,787 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 270,905 18,194 — — 270,905 18,194 U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities 446,423 27,507 310,338 55,131 756,761 82,638 Collateralized loan obligations 415,491 15,446 101,048 3,533 516,539 18,979 Corporate debt securities 7,388 862 1,684 316 9,072 1,178 Total $ 1,177,420 $ 63,796 $ 413,070 $ 58,980 $ 1,590,490 $ 122,776 At September 30, 2023, Park’s debt securities portfolio consisted of $ 1.6 billion of securities, $ 1.6 billion of which were in an unrealized loss position with aggregate unrealized losses of $ 138.3 million. Of the $ 1.6 billion of securities in an unrealized loss position, $ 1.3 billion were in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer. Of the $ 138.3 million in unrealized losses, an aggregate of $ 96.7 million were related to Park's "Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities" portfolio and Park's "U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities" portfolio. For non-agency debt securities, Park verified that the current credit ratings remain above investment grade. Quarterly, management reviews the credit profile of each non-agency debt security and assesses whether any impairment to the contractually obligated cash flow is likely to occur. Based on these reviews, management has concluded that the underlying creditworthiness for each security remains sufficient to maintain required payment obligations and, therefore, unrealized losses have not been recognized into net income. Management does not intend to sell, and it is not more likely than not that management would be required to sell, the securities prior to their anticipated recovery in respect of the unrealized losses. Management believes the value will recover as the securities approach maturity or market interest rates change. There was no allowance for credit losses recorded for debt securities AFS at either September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022. Additionally, for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there were no credit-related investment impairment losses recognized. 17 Table of Contents The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investments in debt securities AFS at September 30, 2023, are shown in the following table by contractual maturity, except for asset-backed securities and collateral loan obligations, which are shown as a single total due to the unpredictability of the timing of principal repayments. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if borrowers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. (In thousands) Amortized cost Fair value Tax equivalent yield (1) Debt Securities AFS Obligations of U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government sponsored entities Due one through five years $ 39,000 $ 37,300 2.37 % Obligations of state and political subdivisions: Due one through five years $ 2,262 $ 2,231 2.97 % Due five through ten years 276,900 269,945 3.69 % Due over ten years 141,428 116,921 3.10 % Total (1) $ 420,590 $ 389,097 3.49 % U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities $ 735,317 $ 640,282 1.89 % Collateralized loan obligations $ 532,030 $ 524,891 7.31 % Corporate debt securities Due one through five years $ 2,809 $ 2,794 10.41 % Due five through ten years 17,650 14,792 3.89 % Total $ 20,459 $ 17,586 4.79 % (1) The tax equivalent yield for certain obligations of state and political subdivisions includes the effect of a taxable equivalent adjustment using a 21 % federal corporate income tax rate. There were no sales of debt securities AFS during the three-month or the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. Investment securities having a fair value of $ 606.2 million and $ 753.6 million at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were pledged to collateralize government and public fund deposits, to secure repurchase agreements sold and as collateral for FHLB advance borrowings. 18 Table of Contents Note 4 – Other Investment Securities Other investment securities consist of restricted stock investments in the FHLB and the FRB, and equity securities. The restricted FHLB and FRB stock investments are carried at their redemption value. Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value are carried at fair value. Equity securities without a readily determinable fair value are recorded at cost, minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions ("modified cost"). Park's portfolio of equity investments in limited partnerships which provide mezzanine funding ("Partnership Investments") are valued using the NAV practical expedient in accordance with ASC 820. The carrying amounts of other investment securities at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows: (In thousands) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 FHLB stock $ 20,229 $ 11,197 FRB stock 14,653 14,653 Equity investments carried at fair value 2,794 1,859 Equity investments carried at modified cost (1) 15,921 14,725 Equity investments carried at NAV 46,074 44,657 Total other investment securities $ 99,671 $ 87,091 (1) There have been no impairments or downward adjustments made to equity investments carried at modified cost. An upward adjustment of $ 871,000 was recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as a result of observable price changes. There were no adjustments recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2022. There were no adjustments recorded during the three months or the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as a result of observable price changes. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, Park purchased 122,296 shares of FHLB stock with a book value of $ 12.2 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Park purchased 136,371 shares of FHLB stock with a book value of $ 13.6 million. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the FHLB repurchased 10,002 shares of FHLB stock with a book value of $ 1.0 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the FHLB repurchased 46,054 shares of FHLB stock with a book value of $ 4.6 million. During the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the FHLB repurchased 22,160 shares of FHLB stock with a book value of $ 2.2 million. No shares of FRB stock were purchased or sold during the three months or the nine months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, $ 74,000 and $( 39,000 ), respectively, of gains (losses) on equity investments carried at fair value were recorded within "Gain on equity securities, net" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, $( 65,000 ) and $ 488,000 , respectively, of (losses) gains on equity investments carried at fair value were recorded within "Gain on equity securities, net" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, $ 924,000 and $ 97,000 , respectively, of gains on equity investments carried at NAV were recorded within “Gain on equity securities, net” on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, $ 683,000 and $ 2.6 million, respectively, of gains on equity investments carried at NAV were recorded within “Gain on equity securities, net” on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. 19 Table of Contents Note 5 – Loans The composition of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 was as follows: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Amortized Cost Amortized Cost Commercial, financial and agricultural: (1) Commercial, financial and agricultural (1) $ 1,283,485 $ 1,295,238 PPP loans 2,427 4,206 Overdrafts 3,109 1,489 Commercial real estate (1) 1,833,400 1,794,054 Construction real estate: Commercial 182,992 208,982 Retail 105,934 116,433 Residential real estate: Commercial 583,251 550,183 Mortgage 1,185,544 1,075,446 HELOC 173,256 167,151 Installment 5,295 4,091 Consumer: Consumer 1,970,570 1,902,831 Check loans 2,053 2,150 Leases 18,429 19,637 Total $ 7,349,745 $ 7,141,891 Allowance for credit losses ( 84,602 ) ( 85,379 ) Net loans $ 7,265,143 $ 7,056,512 (1) Included within each of commercial, financial and agricultural loans and commercial real estate loans is an immaterial amount of consumer loans that were not broken out by class. In order to support customers, Park participated in the CARES Act Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"). For its assistance in making and retaining these loans, Park received an aggregate of $ 33.1 million in fees from the SBA. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, $ 9,000 and $ 361,000 , respectively, of PPP fee income was recognized within loan interest income. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022, $ 34,000 and $ 2.9 million, respectively, of PPP fee income was recognized within loan interest income. Loans are shown net of deferred origination fees, costs and unearned income of $ 18.9 million at September 30, 2023, and of $ 18.2 million at December 31, 2022, which represented a net deferred income position at both dates. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, loans included purchase accounting adjustments of $ 1.9 million and $ 2.5 million, respectively, which represented a net deferred income position at each date. This fair market value purchase accounting adjustment is expected to be recognized into interest income on a level yield basis over the remaining expected life of the loans. Overdrawn deposit accounts of $ 3.1 million and $ 1.5 million were reclassified to loans at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively. 20 Table of Contents Credit Quality Among other things, the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023 eliminated the concept of TDRs. After the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023, nonperforming loans consisted of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, nonperforming loans consisted of nonaccrual loans, accruing TDRs and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing. The following table presents the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing, by class of loan, at September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Nonaccrual Loans Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing Total Nonperforming Loans Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 17,336 $ — $ 17,336 PPP loans — — — Overdrafts — — — Commercial real estate 19,899 — 19,899 Construction real estate: Commercial 1,124 — 1,124 Retail — — — Residential real estate: Commercial 2,237 — 2,237 Mortgage 10,935 139 11,074 HELOC 957 — 957 Installment 35 — 35 Consumer: Consumer 2,133 488 2,621 Check loans — — — Leases 352 — 352 Total loans $ 55,008 $ 627 $ 55,635 21 Table of Contents The following table presents the amortized cost of nonaccrual loans, accruing TDRs, and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing, by class of loan, at December 31, 2022: December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Nonaccrual Loans Accruing TDRs Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing Total Nonperforming Loans Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 38,158 $ 3,261 $ — $ 41,419 PPP loans — — 389 389 Overdrafts — — — — Commercial real estate 24,504 7,919 — 32,423 Construction real estate: Commercial 1,712 — — 1,712 Retail 1,254 12 — 1,266 Residential real estate: Commercial 1,894 298 — 2,192 Mortgage 9,260 6,750 182 16,192 HELOC 1,133 187 7 1,327 Installment 51 1,037 — 1,088 Consumer Consumer 1,022 670 703 2,395 Check loans — — — — Leases 708 — — 708 Total loans $ 79,696 $ 20,134 $ 1,281 $ 101,111 22 Table of Contents The following tables provide additional detail on nonaccrual loans and the related ACL, by class of loan, at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Nonaccrual Loans With No ACL Nonaccrual Loans With an ACL Related ACL Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 8,121 $ 9,215 $ 3,132 PPP loans — — — Overdrafts — — — Commercial real estate 18,411 1,488 205 Construction real estate: Commercial 575 549 94 Retail — — — Residential real estate: Commercial 2,237 — — Mortgage — 10,935 96 HELOC — 957 25 Installment — 35 18 Consumer Consumer — 2,133 615 Check loans — — — Leases 352 — — Total loans $ 29,696 $ 25,312 $ 4,185 23 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Nonaccrual Loans With No ACL Nonaccrual Loans With an ACL Related ACL Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 28,291 $ 9,867 $ 3,440 PPP loans — — — Overdrafts — — — Commercial real estate 22,965 1,539 130 Construction real estate: Commercial 1,712 — — Retail — 1,254 19 Residential real estate: Commercial 1,894 — — Mortgage — 9,260 85 HELOC — 1,133 191 Installment — 51 17 Consumer Consumer — 1,022 284 Check loans — — — Leases 680 28 9 Total $ 55,542 $ 24,154 $ 4,175 Nonaccrual commercial loans are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the collective evaluation. Management’s general practice is to proactively charge down loans individually evaluated to the fair value of the underlying collateral. Nonaccrual consumer loans are collectively evaluated based on similar risk characteristics. The following tables provide the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loan, at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022: September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 8,110 $ 4,719 $ 4,470 $ 17,299 Commercial real estate 22,643 21 — 22,664 Construction real estate: Commercial 1,761 — — 1,761 Residential real estate: Commercial 2,491 — — 2,491 Mortgage 79 — — 79 Leases — 352 — 352 Total loans $ 35,084 $ 5,092 $ 4,470 $ 44,646 24 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 8,242 $ 7,788 $ 23,125 $ 39,155 Commercial real estate 35,908 28 — 35,936 Construction real estate: Commercial 2,372 — — 2,372 Residential real estate: Commercial 2,479 — — 2,479 Mortgage 90 — — 90 Leases — 708 — 708 Total loans $ 49,091 $ 8,524 $ 23,125 $ 80,740 Interest income on nonaccrual loans individually evaluated for impairment is recognized on a cash basis only when Park expects to receive the entire recorded investment in the loans. The following table presents interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022: Interest Income Recognized (In thousands) Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 253 $ 15 $ 1,580 $ 45 PPP loans — — — — Overdrafts — — — — Commercial real estate 177 237 537 751 Construction real estate: Commercial 5 6 59 10 Retail — — — 4 Residential real estate: Commercial 37 24 100 64 Mortgage 58 43 160 112 HELOC 1 5 16 11 Installment 1 1 3 3 Consumer: Consumer 25 15 65 46 Check loans — — — — Leases — 9 — 33 Total loans $ 557 $ 355 $ 2,520 $ 1,079 25 Table of Contents The following tables present the aging of the amortized cost in past due loans at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 by class of loan: September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Accruing Loans Past Due 30-89 Days Past Due Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing (1) Total Past Due Total Current (2) Total Amortized Cost Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 324 $ 12,151 $ 12,475 $ 1,271,010 $ 1,283,485 PPP loans — — — 2,427 2,427 Overdrafts — — — 3,109 3,109 Commercial real estate 206 2,322 2,528 1,830,872 1,833,400 Construction real estate: Commercial — 549 549 182,443 182,992 Retail 8 — 8 105,926 105,934 Residential real estate: Commercial 54 219 273 582,978 583,251 Mortgage 7,584 5,386 12,970 1,172,574 1,185,544 HELOC 655 699 1,354 171,902 173,256 Installment 19 — 19 5,276 5,295 Consumer: Consumer 6,732 838 7,570 1,963,000 1,970,570 Check loans 4 — 4 2,049 2,053 Leases — — — 18,429 18,429 Total loans $ 15,586 $ 22,164 $ 37,750 $ 7,311,995 $ 7,349,745 ( 1) Includes an aggregate of $ 0.6 million of loans past due 90 days or more and accruing. The remaining loans were past due nonaccrual loans. (2) Includes an aggregate of $ 33.5 million of nonaccrual loans which were current with respect to contractual principal and interest payments . 26 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Accruing Loans Past Due 30-89 Days Past Due Nonaccrual Loans and Loans Past Due 90 Days or More and Accruing (1) Total Past Due Total Current (2) Total Amortized Cost Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 378 $ 9,246 $ 9,624 $ 1,285,614 $ 1,295,238 PPP loans 155 389 544 3,662 4,206 Overdrafts — — — 1,489 1,489 Commercial real estate 737 4,738 5,475 1,788,579 1,794,054 Construction real estate: Commercial 751 — 751 208,231 208,982 Retail 1,035 523 1,558 114,875 116,433 Residential real estate: Commercial 519 477 996 549,187 550,183 Mortgage 7,630 5,157 12,787 1,062,659 1,075,446 HELOC 832 587 1,419 165,732 167,151 Installment 57 4 61 4,030 4,091 Consumer Consumer 5,499 964 6,463 1,896,368 1,902,831 Check loans 2 — 2 2,148 2,150 Leases — — — 19,637 19,637 Total loans $ 17,595 $ 22,085 $ 39,680 $ 7,102,211 $ 7,141,891 ( 1) Includes an aggregate of $ 1.3 million of loans past due 90 days or more and accruing. The remaining loans were past due nonaccrual loans. (2) Includes an aggregate of $ 58.9 million of nonaccrual loans which were current with respect to contractual principal and interest payments. Credit Quality Indicators Management utilizes past due information as a credit quality indicator across the loan portfolio. Past due information at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is included in the previous tables. The past due information is the primary credit quality indicator within the following classes of loans: (1) overdrafts in the commercial, financial and agricultural portfolio segment; (2) retail loans in the construction real estate portfolio segment; (3) mortgage loans, HELOC and installment loans in the residential real estate portfolio segment; and (4) consumer loans and check loans in the consumer portfolio segment. The primary credit indicator for commercial loans is based on an internal grading system that grades all commercial loans on a scale from 1 to 8. Credit grades are continuously monitored by the responsible loan officer and adjustments are made when appropriate. A grade of 1 indicates little or no credit risk and a grade of 8 is considered a loss. Commercial loans that are pass-rated (graded a 1 through a 4) are considered to be of acceptable credit risk. Commercial loans graded a 5 (special mention) are considered to be watch list credits and a higher PD is applied to these loans. Loans classified as special mention have potential weaknesses that require management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of Park’s credit position at some future date. Commercial loans graded a 6 (substandard), also considered watch list credits, are considered to represent higher credit risk and, as a result, a higher PD is applied to these loans. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the value of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that Park will sustain some loss if the weaknesses are not corrected. Commercial loans graded a 7 (doubtful) are shown as nonaccrual and Park generally charges these loans down to their fair value by taking a partial charge-off or recording a specific reserve. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. Certain 6-rated loans and all 7-rated loans are placed on nonaccrual status and included within the individually evaluated category. A commercial loan is deemed nonaccrual, and is individually evaluated, when management determines the borrower's ability to perform in accordance with the contractual loan agreement is in doubt. Any commercial loan graded an 8 (loss) is completely charged off. 27 Table of Contents Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of commercial loans by class of loans at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 are detailed in the tables below. Also included in the table detailing loan balances at September 30, 2023 are gross charge offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. September 30, 2023 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural (1) Risk rating Pass $ 157,097 $ 162,986 $ 136,515 $ 116,752 $ 45,243 $ 48,042 $ 567,498 $ 1,234,133 Special Mention 125 598 285 242 110 11 28,954 30,325 Substandard 111 191 197 2,530 140 623 6,100 9,892 Doubtful 75 52 42 126 104 7,862 874 9,135 Total $ 157,408 $ 163,827 $ 137,039 $ 119,650 $ 45,597 $ 56,538 $ 603,426 $ 1,283,485 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 51 $ — $ 51 Commercial, financial and agricultural: PPP Risk rating Pass $ — $ — $ 1,014 $ 1,413 $ — $ — $ — $ 2,427 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ 1,014 $ 1,413 $ — $ — $ — $ 2,427 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Commercial real estate (1) Risk rating Pass $ 198,641 $ 309,027 $ 343,355 $ 328,768 $ 210,212 $ 356,293 $ 15,401 $ 1,761,697 Special Mention 72 16,984 4,249 4,336 — 24,670 99 50,410 Substandard 1,624 1,137 2,759 3,198 2,590 7,012 1,892 20,212 Doubtful — — 740 — — 341 — 1,081 Total $ 200,337 $ 327,148 $ 351,103 $ 336,302 $ 212,802 $ 388,316 $ 17,392 $ 1,833,400 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 530 $ — $ 530 Construction real estate: Commercial Risk rating Pass $ 63,281 $ 75,994 $ 7,581 $ 18,474 $ 1,897 $ 2,806 $ 11,198 $ 181,231 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard 1,414 270 77 — — — — 1,761 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 64,695 $ 76,264 $ 7,658 $ 18,474 $ 1,897 $ 2,806 $ 11,198 $ 182,992 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 28 Table of Contents September 30, 2023 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Residential Real Estate: Commercial Risk rating Pass $ 86,116 $ 108,555 $ 108,655 $ 123,374 $ 51,584 $ 79,032 $ 20,793 $ 578,109 Special Mention — 338 462 607 415 848 — 2,670 Substandard 200 572 333 256 31 890 190 2,472 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 86,316 $ 109,465 $ 109,450 $ 124,237 $ 52,030 $ 80,770 $ 20,983 $ 583,251 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Leases Risk rating Pass $ 4,530 $ 5,597 $ 2,448 $ 2,276 $ 483 $ 843 $ — $ 16,177 Special Mention 665 752 442 27 13 1 — 1,900 Substandard — — — 256 82 14 — 352 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 5,195 $ 6,349 $ 2,890 $ 2,559 $ 578 $ 858 $ — $ 18,429 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Total Commercial Loans Risk rating Pass $ 509,665 $ 662,159 $ 599,568 $ 591,057 $ 309,419 $ 487,016 $ 614,890 $ 3,773,774 Special Mention 862 18,672 5,438 5,212 538 25,530 29,053 85,305 Substandard 3,349 2,170 3,366 6,240 2,843 8,539 8,182 34,689 Doubtful 75 52 782 126 104 8,203 874 10,216 Total $ 513,951 $ 683,053 $ 609,154 $ 602,635 $ 312,904 $ 529,288 $ 652,999 $ 3,903,984 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 581 $ — $ 581 (1) Included within each of commercial, financial and agricultural loans and commercial real estate loans is an immaterial amount of consumer loans that are not broken out by class. 29 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural (1) Risk rating Pass $ 197,497 $ 198,999 $ 142,487 $ 60,845 $ 32,887 $ 47,135 $ 546,237 $ 1,226,087 Special Mention 700 313 918 315 4 35 25,536 27,821 Substandard 1,101 18 2,737 226 1,836 8,424 26,464 40,806 Doubtful — — 3 77 80 172 192 524 Total $ 199,298 $ 199,330 $ 146,145 $ 61,463 $ 34,807 $ 55,766 $ 598,429 $ 1,295,238 Commercial, financial and agricultural: PPP Risk rating Pass $ — $ 1,875 $ 2,331 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,206 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — — — — — — — — Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ 1,875 $ 2,331 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 4,206 Commercial real estate (1) Risk rating Pass $ 323,235 $ 374,763 $ 372,653 $ 220,072 $ 107,467 $ 305,539 $ 14,052 $ 1,717,781 Special Mention 199 3,256 3,388 5,863 16,059 22,220 150 51,135 Substandard 7,856 1,427 3,007 3,561 856 5,471 428 22,606 Doubtful — — — — 1,941 591 — 2,532 Total $ 331,290 $ 379,446 $ 379,048 $ 229,496 $ 126,323 $ 333,821 $ 14,630 $ 1,794,054 Construction real estate: Commercial Risk rating Pass $ 107,976 $ 40,534 $ 21,556 $ 2,686 $ 1,428 $ 3,015 $ 29,183 $ 206,378 Special Mention — — 232 — — — — 232 Substandard 652 800 260 — 660 — — 2,372 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 108,628 $ 41,334 $ 22,048 $ 2,686 $ 2,088 $ 3,015 $ 29,183 $ 208,982 Residential Real Estate: Commercial Risk rating Pass $ 107,086 $ 120,303 $ 147,802 $ 56,980 $ 33,140 $ 63,499 $ 15,191 $ 544,001 Special Mention — 92 1,477 440 — 1,625 — 3,634 Substandard 610 449 264 29 304 553 339 2,548 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total $ 107,696 $ 120,844 $ 149,543 $ 57,449 $ 33,444 $ 65,677 $ 15,530 $ 550,183 30 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Leases Risk rating Pass $ 7,629 $ 3,310 $ 3,347 $ 1,167 $ 981 $ 605 $ — $ 17,039 Special Mention 1,085 614 130 60 — — — 1,889 Substandard — — 464 111 12 26 — 613 Doubtful — — — 96 — — — 96 Total $ 8,714 $ 3,924 $ 3,941 $ 1,434 $ 993 $ 631 $ — $ 19,637 Total Commercial Loans Risk rating Pass $ 743,423 $ 739,784 $ 690,176 $ 341,750 $ 175,903 $ 419,793 $ 604,663 $ 3,715,492 Special Mention 1,984 4,275 6,145 6,678 16,063 23,880 25,686 84,711 Substandard 10,219 2,694 6,732 3,927 3,668 14,474 27,231 68,945 Doubtful — — 3 173 2,021 763 192 3,152 Total $ 755,626 $ 746,753 $ 703,056 $ 352,528 $ 197,655 $ 458,910 $ 657,772 $ 3,872,300 (1) Included within each of commercial, financial and agricultural loans and commercial real estate loans is an immaterial amount of consumer loans that are not broken out by class. Park considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. For residential and consumer loan classes, Park also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by performing status. The following tables present the amortized cost in residential and consumer loans based on performing status. Also included in the table detailing loan balances at September 30, 2023 are gross charge offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. As previously mentioned, the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023 eliminated the concept of TDRs. After the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023, nonperforming loans consisted of nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, nonperforming loans consisted of nonaccrual loans, accruing TDRs and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing. September 30, 2023 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Commercial, financial and agricultural: Overdrafts Performing $ 3,109 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3,109 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ 3,109 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3,109 Current period gross charge-offs $ 704 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 704 Construction Real Estate: Retail Performing $ 33,399 $ 50,927 $ 9,846 $ 4,402 $ 3,921 $ 3,128 $ 311 $ 105,934 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ 33,399 $ 50,927 $ 9,846 $ 4,402 $ 3,921 $ 3,128 $ 311 $ 105,934 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — 31 Table of Contents September 30, 2023 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Residential Real Estate: Mortgage Performing $ 151,811 $ 235,246 $ 223,499 $ 180,736 $ 83,584 $ 299,594 $ — $ 1,174,470 Nonperforming — 976 706 851 423 8,118 — 11,074 Total $ 151,811 $ 236,222 $ 224,205 $ 181,587 $ 84,007 $ 307,712 $ — $ 1,185,544 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 35 $ — $ 35 Residential Real Estate: HELOC Performing $ 79 $ 181 $ 299 $ 102 $ 242 $ 1,975 $ 169,421 $ 172,299 Nonperforming — — — — 32 685 240 957 Total $ 79 $ 181 $ 299 $ 102 $ 274 $ 2,660 $ 169,661 $ 173,256 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 9 $ — $ 9 Residential Real Estate: Installment Performing $ 1,692 $ 168 $ — $ 4 $ 165 $ 3,231 $ — $ 5,260 Nonperforming — — — — — 35 — 35 Total $ 1,692 $ 168 $ — $ 4 $ 165 $ 3,266 $ — $ 5,295 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Consumer: Consumer Performing $ 520,059 $ 664,029 $ 348,910 $ 239,729 $ 95,045 $ 82,256 $ 17,921 $ 1,967,949 Nonperforming 155 687 730 367 181 497 4 2,621 Total $ 520,214 $ 664,716 $ 349,640 $ 240,096 $ 95,226 $ 82,753 $ 17,925 $ 1,970,570 Current period gross charge-offs $ 253 $ 2,223 $ 1,893 $ 635 $ 497 $ 346 $ 3 $ 5,850 Consumer: Check loans Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,053 $ 2,053 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,053 $ 2,053 Current period gross charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 34 $ 34 Total Consumer Loans Performing $ 710,149 $ 950,551 $ 582,554 $ 424,973 $ 182,957 $ 390,184 $ 189,706 $ 3,431,074 Nonperforming 155 1,663 1,436 1,218 636 9,335 244 14,687 Total $ 710,304 $ 952,214 $ 583,990 $ 426,191 $ 183,593 $ 399,519 $ 189,950 $ 3,445,761 Current period gross charge-offs $ 957 $ 2,223 $ 1,893 $ 635 $ 497 $ 390 $ 37 $ 6,632 32 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (In thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Total Commercial, financial and agricultural: Overdrafts Performing $ 1,489 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,489 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total 1,489 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,489 Construction Real Estate: Retail Performing $ 71,923 $ 26,134 $ 8,218 $ 4,619 $ 1,618 $ 2,580 $ 75 $ 115,167 Nonperforming 731 — 523 — — 12 — 1,266 Total $ 72,654 $ 26,134 $ 8,741 $ 4,619 $ 1,618 $ 2,592 $ 75 $ 116,433 Residential Real Estate: Mortgage Performing $ 207,093 $ 227,131 $ 192,904 $ 90,014 $ 55,648 $ 286,464 $ — $ 1,059,254 Nonperforming — — 700 650 518 14,324 — 16,192 Total $ 207,093 $ 227,131 $ 193,604 $ 90,664 $ 56,166 $ 300,788 $ — $ 1,075,446 Residential Real Estate: HELOC Performing $ 140 $ 299 $ 23 $ 130 $ 141 $ 1,957 $ 163,134 $ 165,824 Nonperforming — — 43 100 — 999 185 1,327 Total $ 140 $ 299 $ 66 $ 230 $ 141 $ 2,956 $ 163,319 $ 167,151 Residential Real Estate: Installment Performing $ 187 $ — $ 1 $ 241 $ 62 $ 2,512 $ — $ 3,003 Nonperforming — — 7 2 16 1,063 — 1,088 Total $ 187 $ — $ 8 $ 243 $ 78 $ 3,575 $ — $ 4,091 Consumer: Consumer Performing $ 823,484 $ 462,014 $ 333,391 $ 150,348 $ 61,219 $ 65,614 $ 4,366 $ 1,900,436 Nonperforming 440 489 424 365 157 520 — 2,395 Total $ 823,924 $ 462,503 $ 333,815 $ 150,713 $ 61,376 $ 66,134 $ 4,366 $ 1,902,831 Consumer: Check loans Performing $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,150 $ 2,150 Nonperforming — — — — — — — — Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,150 $ 2,150 Total Consumer Loans Performing $ 1,104,316 $ 715,578 $ 534,537 $ 245,352 $ 118,688 $ 359,127 $ 169,725 $ 3,247,323 Nonperforming 1,171 489 1,697 1,117 691 16,918 185 22,268 Total $ 1,105,487 $ 716,067 $ 536,234 $ 246,469 $ 119,379 $ 376,045 $ 169,910 $ 3,269,591 33 Table of Contents Loans and Leases Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality In conjunction with the NewDominion acquisition, Park acquired loans with a book value of $ 277.9 million as of the July 1, 2018 acquisition date. These loans were recorded at the initial fair value of $ 272.8 million. Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality (ASC 310-30) with a book value of $ 5.1 million were recorded at the initial fair value of $ 4.9 million. In conjunction with the Carolina Alliance acquisition, Park acquired loans and leases with a book value of $ 589.7 million as of the April 1, 2019 acquisition date. These loans and leases were recorded at the initial fair value of $ 578.6 million. Loans and leases acquired with deteriorated credit quality (ASC 310-30) with a book value of $ 19.9 million were recorded at the initial fair value of $ 18.4 million. Upon Park's adoption of CECL on January 1, 2021, $ 52,000 of the credit discount on PCD loans was reclassified to the allowance for credit losses. PCD loans are individually evaluated on a quarterly basis to determine if a specific reserve is necessary. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, there was no allowance for credit losses on PCD loans. The carrying amount of accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 was $ 3.8 million and $ 4.7 million, respectively. The carrying amount of nonaccrual loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality was $ 549,000 at September 30, 2023. There were no nonaccrual loans acquired with deteriorated quality at December 31, 2022. Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty Management identifies loans as modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and Park has altered the cash flow of the loan as part of a modification or in the loan renewal process. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of the borrower's debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed in accordance with the Company’s internal underwriting policy. Park modifies loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by providing principal forgiveness, a term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay or interest rate adjustments. In some cases, Park provides multiple types of modifications on one loan. Typically, one type of modification, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another modification, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. For the loans included in the combination columns below, multiple types of modifications have been made on the same loan within the current reporting period. The combination is at least two of the following: a term extension, principal forgiveness, an other-than-insignificant payment delay and/or an interest rate adjustment. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit losses is historical loss information, which includes losses from modifications of receivables to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. As a result, the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses and a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged off against the allowance for credit losses. 34 Table of Contents The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans at September 30, 2023 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 by class of and by type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial difficulty as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below. Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Principal Forgiveness Payment Delay Term Extension Interest Rate Adjustment Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Adjustment Other Total Percent of Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — $ — $ 1,920 $ 387 $ 2,568 $ — $ 4,875 0.38 % PPP loans — — — — — — — — % Overdrafts — — — — — — — — % Commercial real estate — — 366 — 511 — 877 0.05 % Construction real estate: Commercial — — 228 — 637 — 865 0.47 % Retail — — — — — — — — % Residential real estate: Commercial — — — — 147 — 147 0.03 % Mortgage — — — — 95 — 95 0.01 % HELOC — — — — — — — — % Installment — — 174 — 121 — 295 5.57 % Consumer: Consumer — — — 22 — — 22 — % Check loans — — — — — — — — % Leases — — — — — — — — % Total $ — $ — $ 2,688 $ 409 $ 4,079 $ — $ 7,176 0.10 % 35 Table of Contents Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Principal Forgiveness Payment Delay Term Extension Interest Rate Adjustment Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Adjustment Other Total Percent of Total Class of Financing Receivable Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — $ — $ 452 $ 387 $ 11,312 $ 11 $ 12,162 0.95 % PPP loans — — — — — — — — % Overdrafts — — — — — — — — % Commercial real estate — — 1,366 — 511 — 1,877 0.10 % Construction real estate: Commercial — — 228 — 637 — 865 0.47 % Retail — — — — — — — — % Residential real estate: Commercial — — — — 158 — 158 0.03 % Mortgage — — — — 229 — 229 0.02 % HELOC — — — — — — — — % Installment — — 178 — 199 — 377 7.12 % Consumer: Consumer — — — 39 — — 39 — % Check loans — — — — — — — — % Leases — — — — — — — — % Total $ — $ — $ 2,224 $ 426 $ 13,046 $ 11 $ 15,707 0.21 % 36 Table of Contents Park has committed to lend additional amounts totaling $ 3.4 million to the borrowers included in the previous table as of September 30, 2023. The following tables present the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023: Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Adjustment Weighted Average Term Extension (years) Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — ( 0.15 ) % 0.5 PPP loans — — % 0.0 Overdrafts — — % 0.0 Commercial real estate — 2.76 % 2.0 Construction real estate: Commercial — 2.34 % 1.6 Retail — — % 0.0 Residential real estate: Commercial — ( 2.75 ) % 1.1 Mortgage — ( 4.00 ) % 0.8 HELOC — — % 0.0 Installment — ( 0.89 ) % 13.6 Consumer: Consumer — ( 1.49 ) % 0.0 Check loans — — % 0.0 Leases — — % 0.0 Total $ — 0.34 % 1.4 37 Table of Contents Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (Dollars in thousands) Principal Forgiveness Weighted Average Interest Rate Adjustment Weighted Average Term Extension (years) Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — 0.58 % 0.6 PPP loans — — % 0.0 Overdrafts — — % 0.0 Commercial real estate — 2.76 % 3.1 Construction real estate: Commercial — 2.34 % 1.6 Retail — — % 0.0 Residential real estate: Commercial — ( 2.47 ) % 1.4 Mortgage — ( 2.76 ) % 0.6 HELOC — — % 0.0 Installment — ( 1.21 ) % 12.9 Consumer: Consumer — ( 2.33 ) % 0.0 Check loans — — % 0.0 Leases — — % 0.0 Total $ — 0.62 % 1.3 Park closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of Park's modification efforts. There were no loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had been modified during the three months ended September 30, 2023 that were greater than 30 days past due as of September 30, 2023. There were $ 11,000 of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that had been modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 that were 30-59 days past due as of September 30, 2023 in the Commercial, financial, and agricultural loan portfolio segment. 38 Table of Contents The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans that had a payment default during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and were modified in the nine months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For this table, a loan is considered to be in default when it becomes 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms: Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Term Extension Interest Rate Adjustment Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Adjustment Other Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ 11 PPP loans — — — — Overdrafts — — — — Commercial real estate — — — — Construction real estate: Commercial — — — — Retail — — — — Residential real estate: — — — Commercial — — — — Mortgage — — — — HELOC — — — — Installment — — — — Consumer: Consumer — — — — Check loans — — — — Leases — — — — Total loans $ — $ — $ — $ 11 39 Table of Contents The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans that had a payment default during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and were modified in the nine months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For this table, a loan is considered to be in default when it becomes 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Term Extension Interest Rate Adjustment Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Adjustment Other Commercial, financial and agricultural: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — $ — $ — $ 11 PPP loans — — — — Overdrafts — — — — Commercial real estate — — — — Construction real estate: Commercial — — — — Retail — — — — Residential real estate: — — — Commercial — — 147 — Mortgage — — 134 — HELOC — — — — Installment — — — — Consumer: Consumer — 4 — — Check loans — — — — Leases — — — — Total loans $ — $ 4 $ 281 $ 11 Upon the determination that a modified loan (or a portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion of the loan) is charged-off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amounts. Note 6 – Allowance for Credit Losses The ACL is an estimate of the expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, which is measured using relevant information about past events, including historical credit loss experience on financial assets with similar risk characteristics, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the remaining cash flows over the contractual term of the financial assets. A provision for credit losses is charged to operations based on management’s periodic evaluation of these and other pertinent factors. During the first quarter of 2023, Park adopted ASU 2022-02. This standard was adopted using a modified retrospective transition method on January 1, 2023, resulting in a $ 383,000 increase to the ACL. A cumulative effect adjustment resulting in a $ 303,000 decrease to retained earnings was also recorded as a result of the adoption of ASU 2022-02. 40 Table of Contents Quantitative Considerations The ACL is primarily calculated utilizing a DCF model. Key inputs and assumptions used in this model are discussed below: • Forecast model - For each portfolio segment, a LDA was performed in order to identify appropriate loss drivers and create a regression model for use in forecasting cash flows. The LDA analysis utilized Park's own FFIEC Call Report data for the commercial, financial and agricultural loan and the residential real estate portfolio loan segments. Peer data was incorporated into the analysis for the commercial real estate loan, the construction real estate loan, and the consumer portfolio loan segments. Park updated the LDA in the fourth quarter of 2022 with data through September 30, 2022. After considering the impact of the inclusion of periods impacted by COVID, as well as analysis of the ongoing applicability of the selected peer group, management decided it was appropriate to continue to utilize the LDA analysis from the fourth quarter of 2019 as the correlation of the LDA was higher. • Probability of default – PD is the probability that an asset will be in default within a given time frame. Park has defined default to be when a charge-off has occurred, a loan is placed on nonaccrual, or a loan is greater than 90 days past due. Whenever possible, Park utilizes its own loan-level PDs for the reasonable and supportable forecast period. When loan-level data is not available reflecting the forecasted economic conditions, a forecast model is utilized to estimate PDs. • Loss given default – LGD is the percentage of the asset not expected to be collected due to default. Whenever possible, Park utilizes its own loan-level LGDs for the reasonable and supportable forecast period. When it is not possible to use Park's own LGDs, the LGD is derived using a method referred to as Frye Jacobs. • Prepayments and curtailments – Prepayments and curtailments are calculated based on Park’s own data utilizing a three-year average. This analysis is updated annually in the fourth quarter and was last updated in the fourth quarter of 2022. • Forecast and reversion – Park has established a one-year reasonable and supportable forecast period with a one-year straight line reversion to the long-term historical average. • Economic forecast - Park utilizes a third party to provide economic forecasts under various scenarios, which are weighted in order to reflect model risk in the current economic environment. The scenario weighting is evaluated by management on a quarterly basis. ◦ A s of December 31, 2022, the "most likely" scenario forecasted Ohio unemployment between 4.14% and 4.36% during the next four quarters. In determining the appropriate weighting of scenarios at December 31, 2022, management considered the range of forecasted unemployment as well as a number of economic indicators. The continued high level of inflation, historically low consumer confidence, rising interest rates, geopolitical conflict (including the conflict between Russia and Ukraine), and workforce and supply chain challenges continued to cause uncertainty as to the overall economic environment. Considering these factors, management determined it was appropriate to maintain the existing weighting, and weigh the "most likely" scenario 50% and the "moderate recession" scenario 50% at December 31, 20 22. ◦ A s of March 31, 2023, the "most likely" scenario forecasted Ohio unemployment between 4.15% and 4.51% during the next four quarters. In determining the appropriate weighting of scenarios at March 31, 2023, management considered the range of forecasted unemployment as well as a number of economic indicators. The continued high level of inflation, historically low consumer confidence, rising interest rates, financial system stress related to recent bank failures, geopolitical conflict, and workforce challenges continued to cause uncertainty as to the overall economic environment. Considering these factors, management determined it was appropriate to maintain the existing weighting, and weigh the "most likely" scenario 50% and the "moderate recession" scenario 50% at March 31, 2023 . ◦ A s of June 30, 2023, the "most likely" scenario forecasted Ohio unemployment between 4.01% and 4.62% during the next four quarters. In determining the appropriate weighting of scenarios at June 30, 2023, management considered the range of forecasted unemployment as well as a number of economic indicators. The continued elevated levels of inflation, volatile levels of consumer confidence, the likelihood of interest rates increasing, financial system stress and geopolitical conflict continued to cause uncertainty as to the overall economic environment. Considering these factors, management determined it was appropriate to maintain the existing weighting, and weigh the "most likely" scenario 50% and the "moderate recession" scenario 50% at June 30, 2023. ◦ As of September 30, 2023, the "most likely" scenario forecasted Ohio unemployment between 4.07% and 4.66% during the next four quarters. In determining the appropriate weighting of scenarios at September 30, 2023, management considered the range of forecasted unemployment as well as a number of economic indicators. The continued elevated levels of inflation, volatile levels of consumer confidence, continued elevated interest rates, financial system stress and geopolitical conflict (including the conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and between Israel and Hamas), continued to cause uncertainty as to the overall economic environment. Considering these factors, management determined it was appropriate to maintain the existing 41 Table of Contents weighting, and weigh the "most likely" scenario 50% and the "moderate recession" scenario 50% at September 30, 2023. Qualitative Considerations Park reviews various internal and external factors to consider the need for any qualitative adjustments to the quantitative model. Factors considered include the following : • The nature and volume of Park’s financial assets; the existence, growth, and effect of any concentrations of credit and the volume and severity of past due financial assets, the volume of nonaccrual assets, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded assets. Specifically, management considers: ◦ Trends (e.g., growth, reduction) in specific categories of the loan portfolio, as well as adjustments to the types of loans offered by Park. ◦ Level of and trend in loan delinquencies, troubled loans, commercial watch list loans and nonperforming loans. ◦ Level of and trend in new nonaccrual loans. ◦ Level of and trend in loan charge-offs and recoveries. • Park's lending policies and procedures, including changes in lending strategies, underwriting standards and practices for collections, charge-offs, and recoveries. • The quality of Park’s credit review function. • The experience, ability, and depth of Park’s lending, investment, collection, and other relevant management and staff. • The effect of other external factors such as the regulatory, legal and technological environments; competition; geopolitical conflict; and events such as natural disasters or pandemics. • Actual and expected changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments in the markets in which Park operates that affect the collectability of financial assets. • Where the U.S. economy is within a given credit cycle. • The extent that there is government assistance (stimulus). At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, Park had $ 2.4 million and $ 4.2 million, respectively, of PPP loans which were included in the commercial, financial and agricultural loan portfolio segment. These loans are guaranteed by the SBA and thus have not been reserved for using the same methodology as the rest of Park’s loan portfolio. A 10 basis point reserve at each of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was calculated for the PPP loans to reflect minimal credit risk. 42 Table of Contents ACL Activity The activity in the ACL for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 is summarized in the following tables: Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial real estate Construction real estate Residential real estate Consumer Leases Total ACL: Beginning balance $ 16,278 $ 19,141 $ 4,886 $ 18,419 $ 28,370 $ 112 $ 87,206 Charge-offs 218 — — 1 2,074 — 2,293 Recoveries 79 3 40 8 1,139 — 1,269 Net charge-offs/(recoveries) $ 139 $ ( 3 ) $ ( 40 ) $ ( 7 ) $ 935 $ — $ 1,024 (Recovery of) provision for credit losses ( 1,171 ) ( 526 ) 373 ( 1,437 ) 1,185 ( 4 ) ( 1,580 ) Ending balance $ 14,968 $ 18,618 $ 5,299 $ 16,989 $ 28,620 $ 108 $ 84,602 Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 (In thousands) Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial real estate Construction real estate Residential real estate Consumer Leases Total ACL: Beginning balance $ 12,747 $ 22,339 $ 4,391 $ 13,619 $ 28,149 $ 203 $ 81,448 Charge-offs 543 — — — 1,169 36 1,748 Recoveries 110 36 20 20 884 1 1,071 Net charge-offs/(recoveries) $ 433 $ ( 36 ) $ ( 20 ) $ ( 20 ) $ 285 $ 35 $ 677 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 563 ( 1,653 ) 87 1,464 2,699 30 3,190 Ending balance $ 12,877 $ 20,722 $ 4,498 $ 15,103 $ 30,563 $ 198 $ 83,961 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial real estate Construction real estate Residential real estate Consumer Leases Total ACL: Beginning balance $ 16,987 $ 17,829 $ 5,550 $ 16,831 $ 28,021 $ 161 $ 85,379 Impact of Adoption of ASU 2022-02 222 181 — ( 20 ) — — 383 Charge-offs 755 530 — 44 5,884 — 7,213 Recoveries 209 235 548 479 3,487 — 4,958 Net charge-offs/(recoveries) $ 546 $ 295 $ ( 548 ) $ ( 435 ) $ 2,397 $ — $ 2,255 (Recovery of) provision for credit losses ( 1,695 ) 903 ( 799 ) ( 257 ) 2,996 ( 53 ) 1,095 Ending balance $ 14,968 $ 18,618 $ 5,299 $ 16,989 $ 28,620 $ 108 $ 84,602 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 (In thousands) Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial real estate Construction real estate Residential real estate Consumer Leases Total ACL: Beginning balance $ 14,025 $ 25,466 $ 5,758 $ 11,424 $ 26,286 $ 238 $ 83,197 Charge-offs 1,456 598 33 81 3,287 42 5,497 Recoveries 544 624 550 106 2,859 2 4,685 Net charge-offs/(recoveries) $ 912 $ ( 26 ) $ ( 517 ) $ ( 25 ) $ 428 $ 40 $ 812 (Recovery of) provision for credit losses ( 236 ) ( 4,770 ) ( 1,777 ) 3,654 4,705 — 1,576 Ending balance $ 12,877 $ 20,722 $ 4,498 $ 15,103 $ 30,563 $ 198 $ 83,961 43 Table of Contents ACL Summary Loans collectively evaluated for impairment in the following tables include all performing loans at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, as well as nonperforming loans internally classified as consumer loans. Nonperforming consumer loans are not typically individually evaluated for impairment, but receive a portion of the statistical allocation of the ACL. Loans individually evaluated for impairment include all internally classified commercial nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2023 and all internally classified commercial nonaccrual loans and TDRs at December 31, 2022, which are individually evaluated for impairment in accordance with U.S. GAAP (see Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Park’s 2022 Form 10-K). The composition of the ACL at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 was as follows: September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial real estate Construction real estate Residential real estate Consumer Leases Total ACL: Ending allowance balance attributed to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 3,122 $ 205 $ 95 $ — $ — $ — $ 3,422 Collectively evaluated for impairment 11,846 18,413 5,204 16,989 28,620 108 81,180 Accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — — — — — — — Total ending allowance balance $ 14,968 $ 18,618 $ 5,299 $ 16,989 $ 28,620 $ 108 $ 84,602 Loan balance: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 17,257 $ 19,869 $ 1,124 $ 2,237 $ — $ 352 $ 40,839 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,271,722 1,810,736 287,165 1,944,776 1,972,623 18,077 7,305,099 Accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 42 2,795 637 333 — — 3,807 Total ending loan balance $ 1,289,021 $ 1,833,400 $ 288,926 $ 1,947,346 $ 1,972,623 $ 18,429 $ 7,349,745 ACL as a percentage of loan balance: Loans individually evaluated for impairment 18.09 % 1.03 % 8.45 % — % — % — % 8.38 % Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 0.93 % 1.02 % 1.81 % 0.87 % 1.45 % 0.60 % 1.11 % Accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — % — % — % — % — % — % — % Total 1.16 % 1.02 % 1.83 % 0.87 % 1.45 % 0.59 % 1.15 % 44 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Commercial, financial and agricultural Commercial real estate Construction real estate Residential real estate Consumer Leases Total ACL: Ending allowance balance attributed to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 3,426 $ 131 $ — $ — $ — $ 9 $ 3,566 Collectively evaluated for impairment 13,561 17,698 5,550 16,831 28,021 152 81,813 Accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — — — — — — — Total ending allowance balance $ 16,987 $ 17,829 $ 5,550 $ 16,831 $ 28,021 $ 161 $ 85,379 Loan balance: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 41,307 $ 32,423 $ 1,712 $ 2,191 $ — $ 708 $ 78,341 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,259,524 1,758,118 323,043 1,794,302 1,904,981 18,929 7,058,897 Accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 102 3,513 660 378 — — 4,653 Total ending loan balance $ 1,300,933 $ 1,794,054 $ 325,415 $ 1,796,871 $ 1,904,981 $ 19,637 $ 7,141,891 ACL as a percentage of loan balance: Loans individually evaluated for impairment 8.29 % 0.40 % — % — % — % 1.27 % 4.55 % Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1.08 % 1.01 % 1.72 % 0.94 % 1.47 % 0.80 % 1.16 % Accruing loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality — % — % — % — % — % — % — % Total 1.31 % 0.99 % 1.71 % 0.94 % 1.47 % 0.82 % 1.20 % Note 7 – Loans Held For Sale Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at their fair value. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively, Park had $ 2.9 million and $ 2.1 million in mortgage loans held for sale. These amounts are included in loans on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets and in the residential real estate loan portfolio segment in Note 5 - Loans, and Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses. The contractual balance was $ 2.8 million and $ 2.1 million at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively. The gain expected upon sale was $ 44,000 and $ 41,000 at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively. None of these loans were 90 days or more past due or on nonaccrual status at September 30, 2023 or at December 31, 2022. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, Park transferred certain commercial loans held for investment, previously nonperforming, with an amortized cost of $ 6.3 million, to the loans held for sale portfolio. The transferred loans were recorded at the lower of cost or fair value, with a charge-off recorded in each instance where the fair value of an individual loan was deemed to be below the carrying cost at the time the loans were moved to the held for sale portfolio. The sale of $ 3.9 million in loans held for sale was subsequently completed during the three months ended September 30, 2022, and Park recognized a gain on sale of $ 495,000 which is recorded within "Miscellaneous income" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The remaining $ 2.4 million in loans held for sale were transferred back to loans held for investment at the lower of cost or fair value. No non-performing loans were held for sale or sold during the three months or the nine months ended September 30, 2023. 45 Table of Contents Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The following table shows the activity in goodwill and other intangible assets for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. (in thousands) Goodwill Other intangible assets Total July 1, 2022 $ 159,595 $ 6,657 $ 166,252 Amortization — 341 341 September 30, 2022 $ 159,595 $ 6,316 $ 165,911 July 1, 2023 $ 159,595 $ 5,320 $ 164,915 Amortization — 334 334 September 30, 2023 $ 159,595 $ 4,986 $ 164,581 (in thousands) Goodwill Other intangible assets Total December 31, 2021 $ 159,595 $ 7,462 $ 167,057 Amortization — 1,146 1,146 September 30, 2022 $ 159,595 $ 6,316 $ 165,911 December 31, 2022 $ 159,595 $ 5,975 $ 165,570 Amortization — 989 989 September 30, 2023 $ 159,595 $ 4,986 $ 164,581 Park evaluates goodwill for impairment during the second quarter of each year, with financial data as of the immediately prior March 31. Based on the qualitative analysis performed as of April 1, 2023, the Company determined that goodwill for Park's reporting unit, PNB, was not impaired. Acquired Intangible Assets The following table shows the balance of acquired intangible assets at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022. September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Other intangible assets: Core deposit intangible assets $ 14,456 $ 9,470 $ 14,456 $ 8,481 Trade name intangible assets 1,300 1,300 1,300 1,300 Total $ 15,756 $ 10,770 $ 15,756 $ 9,781 Core deposit intangible assets are being amortized, on an accelerated basis, over a period of ten years. Aggregate amortization expense was $ 334,000 and $ 341,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and was $ 989,000 and $ 1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 46 Table of Contents Estimated amortization expense related to core deposit intangible assets for the remainder of 2023 and the next four years follows: (in thousands) Total Three months ending December 31, 2023 $ 334 2024 1,215 2025 1,042 2026 887 2027 754 Note 9 – Investment in Qualified Affordable Housing Park makes certain equity investments in various limited partnerships that sponsor affordable housing projects. The purposes of these investments are to achieve a satisfactory return on capital, help create affordable housing opportunities, and assist the Company to achieve its goals associated with the Community Reinvestment Act. The table below details the balances of Park’s affordable housing tax credit investments and related unfunded commitments at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. (in thousands) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Affordable housing tax credit investments $ 64,676 $ 60,968 Unfunded commitments 31,553 28,132 Commitments are funded when capital calls are made by the general partner. Park expects that the current commitments will be funded between the remainder of 2023 through 2033. Park recognized amortization expense of $ 2.1 million and $ 2.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, and $ 6.3 million and $ 5.9 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, which were included within the provision for income taxes. Additionally, during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, Park recognized tax credits and other benefits from its affordable housing tax credit investments of $ 2.6 million and $ 2.5 million, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, recognized $ 7.6 million and $ 7.4 million, respectively, which were included within the provision for income taxes. Note 10 – Foreclosed and Repossessed Assets Park typically transfers a loan to OREO at the time that Park takes deed/title to the real estate property asset. The carrying amounts of foreclosed real estate properties held at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are listed below, as well as the recorded investment of loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process at those dates. (in thousands) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 OREO: Commercial real estate $ 1,354 $ 1,354 Residential real estate — — Total OREO $ 1,354 $ 1,354 Loans in process of foreclosure: Residential real estate $ 1,877 $ 1,614 Assets acquired through or in lieu of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value, less costs to sell, when acquired. During the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Park recognized a $ 12.0 million OREO valuation markup related to the foreclosure and subsequent sale of a property collateralizing a former Vision Bank relationship. This income is included in "OREO valuation markup" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. There was no OREO 47 Table of Contents valuation markup related to former Vision Bank relationships during the three months or the nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2022, Park recognized a $ 5.6 million gain on the sale of OREO related to former Vision Bank relationships. This income is included in "(Loss) gain on sale of OREO, net" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. There was no gain or loss on the sale of OREO related to former Vision Bank relationships during the three months or the nine months ended September 30, 2023. In addition to real estate, Park may also repossess different types of collateral. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Park had $ 0.7 million and $ 0.6 million, respectively, in other repossessed assets which are included in "Other assets" on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. Note 11 – Loan Servicing Park serviced sold mortgage loans of $ 1.96 billion at September 30, 2023, $ 2.05 billion at December 31, 2022 and $ 2.09 billion at September 30, 2022. At September 30, 2023, $ 3.0 million of the sold mortgage loans were sold with recourse, compared to $ 3.2 million at December 31, 2022 and $ 3.3 million at September 30, 2022. Management closely monitors the delinquency rates on the mortgage loans sold with recourse. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, management had established reserves of $ 54,000 and $ 59,000 , respectively, to account for expected losses on loan repurchases. When Park sells mortgage loans with servicing rights retained, these servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value. Park has selected the “amortization method” as permissible within U.S. GAAP, whereby the servicing rights capitalized are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated future servicing income with respect to the underlying loan. At the end of each reporting period, the carrying value of MSRs is assessed for impairment with a comparison to fair value. MSRs are carried at the lower of their amortized cost or fair value. The amortization of MSRs is included within "Other service income" in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. Activity for MSRs and the related valuation allowance follows: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Mortgage servicing rights: Carrying amount, net, beginning of period $ 15,237 $ 16,470 $ 15,792 $ 15,264 Additions 169 254 437 1,336 Amortization ( 462 ) ( 592 ) ( 1,366 ) ( 1,804 ) Change in valuation allowance 16 59 97 1,395 Carrying amount, net, end of period $ 14,960 $ 16,191 $ 14,960 $ 16,191 Valuation allowance: Beginning of period $ 101 $ 232 $ 182 $ 1,568 Change in valuation allowance ( 16 ) ( 59 ) ( 97 ) ( 1,395 ) End of period $ 85 $ 173 $ 85 $ 173 Servicing fees included in "Other service income" were $ 1.3 million and $ 1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and were $ 3.9 million and $ 4.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Note 12 - Leases Park is a lessee in several noncancellable operating lease arrangements, primarily for retail branches, administrative and warehouse buildings, ATMs, and certain office equipment within its Ohio, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Kentucky markets. Certain of these leases contain renewal options for periods ranging from one year to five years. Park’s leases generally do not include termination options for either party to the lease or restrictive financial or other covenants. Payments due under the lease arrangements include fixed payments plus, for many of Park’s real estate leases, variable payments such as Park's proportionate share of property taxes, insurance and common area maintenance. 48 Table of Contents Park's operating lease ROU asset and lease liability are presented in “Operating lease ROU asset" and "Operating lease liability," respectively, on Park's Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. The carrying amounts of Park's ROU asset and lease liability at September 30, 2023 were $ 16.3 million and $ 17.4 million, respectively. At December 31, 2022, the carrying amounts of Park's ROU asset and lease liability were $ 17.6 million and $ 19.3 million, respectively. Park's operating lease expense is recorded in "Occupancy expense" on the Company's Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. Other information related to operating leases for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (in thousands) September 30, 2023 September 30, 2022 September 30, 2023 September 30, 2022 Lease cost Operating lease cost $ 727 $ 811 $ 2,187 $ 2,286 Sublease income ( 73 ) ( 63 ) ( 199 ) ( 189 ) Total lease cost $ 654 $ 748 $ 1,988 $ 2,097 Other information Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 890 $ 766 $ 2,734 $ 2,307 ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities $ 320 $ 88 $ 499 $ 4,270 Reductions to ROU assets resulting from reductions to lease obligations $ ( 753 ) $ ( 697 ) $ ( 2,307 ) $ ( 2,090 ) At each of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Park's operating leases had a weighted average remaining term of 10.0 years. The weighted average discount rate of Park's operating leases was 3.5 % and 3.3 % at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively. Undiscounted cash flows included in lease liabilities have expected contractual payments as follows: (in thousands) September 30, 2023 Three months ending December 31, 2023 $ 884 2024 2,515 2025 2,169 2026 2,134 2027 2,040 Thereafter 11,474 Total undiscounted minimum lease payments $ 21,216 Present value adjustment ( 3,790 ) Total lease liabilities $ 17,426 Note 13 – Repurchase Agreement Borrowings Securities sold under agreements to repurchase ("repurchase agreements") with customers represent funds deposited by customers, generally on an overnight basis, that are collateralized by investment securities owned by Park. Repurchase agreements with customers are included in "Short-term borrowings" on the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. All repurchase agreements are subject to terms and conditions of repurchase/security agreements between Park and the client and are accounted for as secured borrowings. Park's repurchase agreements consist of customer accounts and securities which are pledged on an individual security basis. 49 Table of Contents At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, Park's repurchase agreement borrowings totaled $ 105.8 million and $ 227.3 million, respectively. These borrowings were collateralized with U.S. Government sponsored entities' asset-backed securities with a fair value of $ 179.0 million and $ 313.1 million at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively. Declines in the value of the collateral would require Park to pledge additional securities. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, Park had $ 1,106 million and $ 1,147 million, respectively, of available unpledged securities. The table below shows the remaining contractual maturity of repurchase agreements by collateral pledged at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022: September 30, 2023 (in thousands) Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements Overnight and Continuous Up to 30 days 30 - 90 days Greater than 90 days Total U.S. government and agency securities $ 105,786 $ — $ — $ — $ 105,786 December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements Overnight and Continuous Up to 30 days 30 - 90 days Greater than 90 days Total U.S. government and agency securities $ 227,342 $ — $ — $ — $ 227,342 Note 14 - Derivatives Park uses certain derivative financial instruments (or "derivatives") to meet the needs of Park's clients while managing the interest rate risk associated with certain transactions. Park does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. A summary of derivative financial instruments utilized by Park follows. Interest Rate Swaps Park utilizes interest rate swap agreements (or "interest rate swaps") as part of its asset-liability management strategy to help manage its interest rate risk position and as a means to meet the financing, interest rate and other risk management needs of qualifying commercial banking customers. The notional amount of the interest rate swaps does not represent the amount exchanged by the parties. The amount exchanged is determined by reference to the notional amount and the other terms of the individual interest rate swap agreements. Borrowing Derivatives : At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, Park had no borrowing derivatives. There was no interest expense recorded on swap transactions for the three -month period ended September 30, 2022. Interest expense recorded on swap transactions was $ 171,000 for the nine -month period ended September 30, 2022. Additionally, Park recognized a $ 154,000 gain , net of income taxes, related to borrowing swaps that was recorded in "Other comprehensive loss" on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022. No gain (loss) related to borrowing swaps was recorded during the three -month period ended September 30, 2022. Loan Derivatives : In conjunction with the Carolina Alliance acquisition, Park acquired interest rate swaps related to certain commercial loans. Simultaneously with borrowers entering into interest rate swaps, Carolina Alliance entered into offsetting interest rate swaps executed with a third party, such that Carolina Alliance minimized its net interest rate risk exposure resulting from such transactions. These interest rate swaps had a notional amount totaling $ 18.6 million and $ 21.7 million at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, respectively. All of the Company's interest rate swaps were determined to be fully effective during each of the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022. As such, no amount of ineffectiveness has been included in net income. Therefore, the aggregate fair value of the interest rate swaps is recorded in "Other assets" and "Other liabilities" with changes in fair value recorded in "Other comprehensive loss". The amount included in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax" would be reclassified to net income should the hedges no longer be considered effective. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, Park recognized expense of $ 66,000 , or $ 52,000 , net of taxes, as the result of the early termination of a borrowing interest rate swap. There was no early termination expense related to borrowing interest rate swaps during the three-month period ended September 30, 2022 or during the three -month period or the nine -month period ended 50 Table of Contents September 30, 2023. Park expects the outstanding hedges to remain fully effective during the remaining respective terms of the interest rate swaps. Summary information about Park's interest rate swaps at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 follows: September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 (In thousands, except weighted average data) Loan Derivatives Loan Derivatives Notional amounts $ 18,584 $ 21,700 Weighted average pay rates 4.512 % 4.553 % Weighted average receive rates 4.512 % 4.553 % Weighted average maturity (years) 6.8 7.9 Unrealized losses $ — $ — Interest Rate Swaps The following table reflects the interest rate swaps included in the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022. (In thousands) September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Notional Amount Fair Value Notional Amount Fair Value Included in "Other assets": Loan derivatives - instruments associated with loans Matched interest rate swaps with borrower $ — $ — $ — $ — Matched interest rate swaps with counterparty 18,584 1,719 21,700 1,508 Total included in "Other assets" $ 18,584 $ 1,719 $ 21,700 $ 1,508 Included in "Other liabilities": Loan derivatives - instruments associated with loans Matched interest rate swaps with borrower $ 18,584 $ ( 1,719 ) $ 21,700 $ ( 1,508 ) Matched interest rate swaps with counterparty — — — — Total included in "Other liabilities" $ 18,584 $ ( 1,719 ) $ 21,700 $ ( 1,508 ) Mortgage Banking Derivatives Commitments to fund mortgage loans (interest rate locks) to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of these mortgage loans are accounted for as free-standing derivatives. In order to hedge the change in interest rates resulting from its commitments to fund the loans, the Company enters into forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans when interest rate locks are entered into. These mortgage banking derivatives are not designated as hedge relationships. The fair value of an interest rate lock is recorded at the time the commitment to fund the mortgage loan is executed and is adjusted for the expected exercise of the commitment before the loan is funded. Fair values of these mortgage banking derivatives are estimated based on changes in mortgage interest rates from the date the interest on the loan is locked. Changes in the fair values of these derivatives are included in "Other service income" in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 , Park had $ 1.7 million and $ 2.1 million, respectively, of interest rate lock commitments. The fair value of these mortgage banking derivatives was reflected by a derivative asset of $ 30,000 and $ 46,000 at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 , respectively. Other Derivatives In connection with the sale of Park’s Class B Visa shares during 2009, Park entered into a swap agreement with the purchaser of the shares. The swap agreement adjusts for dilution in the conversion ratio of Class B Visa shares resulting from certain Visa litigation. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022 , the fair value of the swap liability of $ 123,000 and $ 243,000 , respectively, represented an estimate of the exposure based upon probability-weighted potential Visa litigation losses. 51 Table of Contents Note 15 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Other comprehensive loss components, net of tax, are shown in the following table for the three- month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) Changes in pension plan assets and benefit obligations Unrealized net holding (loss) gain on cash flow hedge Unrealized (losses) gains on debt securities AFS Total Beginning balance at July 1, 2023 $ ( 6,680 ) $ — $ ( 90,106 ) $ ( 96,786 ) Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications — — ( 19,104 ) ( 19,104 ) Net current period other comprehensive loss — — ( 19,104 ) ( 19,104 ) Ending balance at September 30, 2023 $ ( 6,680 ) $ — $ ( 109,210 ) $ ( 115,890 ) Beginning balance at July 1, 2022 $ ( 5,792 ) $ — $ ( 79,612 ) $ ( 85,404 ) Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications — — ( 39,939 ) ( 39,939 ) Net current period other comprehensive loss — — ( 39,939 ) ( 39,939 ) Ending balance at September 30, 2022 $ ( 5,792 ) $ — $ ( 119,551 ) $ ( 125,343 ) (in thousands) Changes in pension plan assets and benefit obligations Unrealized net holding (loss) gain on cash flow hedge Unrealized (losses) gains on debt securities AFS Total Beginning balance at January 1, 2023 $ ( 6,680 ) $ — $ ( 95,714 ) $ ( 102,394 ) Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications — — ( 13,496 ) ( 13,496 ) Net current period other comprehensive loss — — ( 13,496 ) ( 13,496 ) Ending balance at September 30, 2023 $ ( 6,680 ) $ — $ ( 109,210 ) $ ( 115,890 ) Beginning balance at January 1, 2022 $ ( 5,792 ) $ ( 206 ) $ 21,153 $ 15,155 Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications — 154 ( 140,704 ) ( 140,550 ) Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive loss — 52 — 52 Net current period other comprehensive income (loss) — 206 ( 140,704 ) ( 140,498 ) Ending balance at September 30, 2022 $ ( 5,792 ) $ — $ ( 119,551 ) $ ( 125,343 ) During the three -month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023, there were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the three -month period ended September 30, 2022, there were no reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, there was $ 66,000 ($ 52,000 net of tax) reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss due to a net loss on the early termination of a borrowing interest rate swap. This loss was recorded within "Miscellaneous" other expense on the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. 52 Table of Contents Note 16 – Earnings Per Common Share The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands, except common share and per common share data) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Numerator: Net income $ 36,917 $ 42,068 $ 102,234 $ 115,267 Denominator: Weighted-average common shares outstanding 16,133,310 16,253,704 16,180,261 16,240,966 Effect of dilutive PBRSUs and TBRSUs 84,570 121,278 80,848 114,824 Weighted-average common shares outstanding adjusted for the effect of dilutive PBRSUs and TBRSUs 16,217,880 16,374,982 16,261,109 16,355,790 Earnings per common share: Basic earnings per common share $ 2.29 $ 2.59 $ 6.32 $ 7.10 Diluted earnings per common share $ 2.28 $ 2.57 $ 6.29 $ 7.05 Park awarded 54,698 PBRSUs and 52,335 PBRSUs to certain employees during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No PBRSUs were awarded during either of the three months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. Park repurchased an aggregate of 50,000 and 199,000 common shares during the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, to fund the PBRSUs, the TBRSUs and the common shares to be awarded to directors of Park and to directors of Park's subsidiary PNB (and its divisions) as well as pursuant to Park's previously announced stock repurchase authorizations. No common shares were repurchased during the three months or the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Note 17 – Segment Information The Corporation is a financial holding company headquartered in Newark, Ohio. The reportable segments for the Corporation are its chartered national bank subsidiary, PNB (headquartered in Newark, Ohio) and "All Other", which primarily consists of Park as the "Parent Company", GFSC and SEPH. Management is required to disclose information about the different types of business activities in which a company engages and also information on the different economic environments in which a company operates, so that the users of the financial statements can better understand the company’s performance, better understand the potential for future cash flows, and make more informed judgments about the company as a whole. Park has two reportable segments, as: (i) discrete financial 53 Table of Contents information is available for these reportable segments and (ii) the segments are aligned with internal reporting to Park’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the chief operating decision-maker. Operating Results for the three months ended September 30, 2023 (In thousands) PNB All Other Total Net interest income (expense) $ 96,078 $ ( 1,809 ) $ 94,269 Recovery of credit losses ( 1,538 ) ( 42 ) ( 1,580 ) Other income (loss) 27,888 ( 175 ) 27,713 Other expense 74,623 3,185 77,808 Income (loss) before income taxes $ 50,881 $ ( 5,127 ) $ 45,754 Income tax expense (benefit) 10,093 ( 1,256 ) 8,837 Net income (loss) $ 40,788 $ ( 3,871 ) $ 36,917 Assets (at September 30, 2023) $ 9,959,528 $ 41,386 $ 10,000,914 Operating Results for the three months ended September 30, 2022 (In thousands) PNB All Other Total Net interest income (expense) $ 92,035 $ ( 1,207 ) $ 90,828 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 3,235 ( 45 ) 3,190 Other income 28,918 17,776 46,694 Other expense 79,070 3,833 82,903 Income before income taxes $ 38,648 $ 12,781 $ 51,429 Income tax expense 7,133 2,228 9,361 Net income $ 31,515 $ 10,553 $ 42,068 Assets (at September 30, 2022) $ 9,816,644 $ 38,403 $ 9,855,047 Operating Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 (In thousands) PNB All Other Total Net interest income (expense) $ 283,216 $ ( 5,177 ) $ 278,039 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 1,901 ( 806 ) 1,095 Other income (loss) 77,241 ( 126 ) 77,115 Other expense 220,741 9,455 230,196 Income (loss) before income taxes $ 137,815 $ ( 13,952 ) $ 123,863 Income tax expense (benefit) 25,273 ( 3,644 ) 21,629 Net income (loss) $ 112,542 $ ( 10,308 ) $ 102,234 Operating Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 (In thousands) PNB All Other Total Net interest income (expense) $ 254,818 $ ( 2,365 ) $ 252,453 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses 2,045 ( 469 ) 1,576 Other income 89,420 20,123 109,543 Other expense 209,500 10,824 220,324 Income before income taxes $ 132,693 $ 7,403 $ 140,096 Income tax expense 24,770 59 24,829 Net income $ 107,923 $ 7,344 $ 115,267 54 Table of Contents The operating results in the “All Other” column are used to reconcile the segment totals to the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income for the three -month and the nine-month period s ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The reconciling amounts for consolidated total assets for the periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 consisted of the elimination of intersegment borrowings and the assets of the Parent Company, GFSC and SEPH which were not eliminated. Note 18 - Share-Based Compensation The Park National Corporation 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan for Employees (the "2017 Employees LTIP") was adopted by the Board of Directors of Park on January 23, 2017 and was approved by Park's shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on April 24, 2017. The 2017 Employees LTIP makes equity-based awards and cash-based awards available for grant to employee participants in the form of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards and cash-based awards. Under the 2017 Employees LTIP, 750,000 common shares are authorized to be delivered in connection with grants under the 2017 Employees LTIP. The common shares to be delivered under the 2017 Employees LTIP are to consist of either common shares currently held or common shares subsequently acquired by Park as treasury shares, including common shares purchased in the open market or in private transactions. At September 30, 2023, 320,302 common shares were available for future grants under the 2017 Employees LTIP. The Park National Corporation 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the "2017 Non-Employee Directors LTIP") was adopted by the Board of Directors of Park on January 23, 2017 and was approved by Park's shareholders at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders on April 24, 2017. The 2017 Non-Employee Directors LTIP makes equity-based awards and cash-based awards available for grant to non-employee director participants in the form of nonqualified stock options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards, and cash-based awards. Under the 2017 Non-Employee Directors LTIP, 150,000 common shares are authorized to be delivered in connection with grants under the 2017 Non-Employee Directors LTIP. The common shares to be delivered under the 2017 Non-Employee Directors LTIP are to consist of either common shares currently held or common shares subsequently acquired by Park as treasury shares, including common shares purchased in the open market or in private transactions. At September 30, 2023, 75,000 common shares were available for future grants under the 2017 Non-Employee Directors LTIP. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of Park granted awards of PBRSUs, under the 2017 Employees LTIP, covering an aggregate of 54,698 common shares and 52,335 common shares, respectively, to certain employees of Park and its subsidiaries. No awards were granted during either of the three months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. At September 30, 2023, Park reported 187,461 nonvested PBRSUs. The number of PBRSUs earned or settled will depend on the level of achievement with respect to certain performance criteria over a three-year period. The PBRSUs are also subject to subsequent service-based vesting. A summary of changes in the common shares subject to nonvested PBRSUs for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 follows: Common shares subject to PBRSUs Nonvested at January 1, 2023 199,650 Granted 54,698 Vested ( 62,815 ) Forfeited ( 4,072 ) Adjustment for performance conditions of PBRSUs (1) — Nonvested at September 30, 2023 (2) 187,461 (1) The number of PBRSUs earned depends on the level of achievement with respect to certain performance criteria. Adjustment herein, if any, represents the difference between the maximum number of common shares which could be earned and the actual number earned for those PBRSUs as to which the performance period was completed. (2) Nonvested amount herein represents the maximum number of nonvested PBRSUs. As of September 30, 2023, an aggregate of 182,647 PBRSUs were expected to vest. 55 Table of Contents A summary of awards vested during the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 follows: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 PBRSUs and TBRSUs vested — 7,049 62,815 55,464 Common shares withheld to satisfy employee income tax withholding obligations — 2,559 23,973 21,217 Net common shares issued — 4,490 38,842 34,247 Share-based compensation expense of $ 1.3 million and $ 1.4 million was recognized for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and share-based compensation expense of $ 5.4 million and $ 4.8 million was recognized for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following table details expected additional share-based compensation expense related to PBRSUs outstanding at September 30, 2023: (In thousands) Three months ending December 31, 2023 $ 1,341 2024 4,337 2025 2,838 2026 1,184 2027 190 Total $ 9,890 Note 19 – Benefit Plans Park has a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the "Pension Plan") covering substantially all of its employees. The Pension Plan provides benefits based on an employee’s years of service and compensation. There were no Pension Plan contributions for any of the three-month or the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Additionally, no contributions are expected to be made during the remainder of 2023. The following table shows the components of net periodic pension benefit income: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income (In thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Service cost $ 1,559 $ 2,437 $ 4,677 $ 7,311 Employee benefits Interest cost 1,631 1,426 4,893 4,278 Other components of net periodic pension benefit income Expected return on plan assets ( 3,536 ) ( 4,449 ) ( 10,608 ) ( 13,347 ) Other components of net periodic pension benefit income Recognized prior service cost (credit) 12 ( 4 ) 36 ( 12 ) Other components of net periodic pension benefit income Net periodic pension benefit income $ ( 334 ) $ ( 590 ) $ ( 1,002 ) $ ( 1,770 ) Park has entered into Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Agreements (the “SERP Agreements”) with certain key officers of Park and its subsidiaries which provide defined pension benefits in excess of limits imposed by federal tax law. The expense 56 Table of Contents for the Corporation related to the SERP Agreements for the three months and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was as follows: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income (In thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022 Service cost $ 234 $ 212 $ 702 $ 637 Employee benefits Interest cost 176 183 527 549 Miscellaneous expense Total SERP expense $ 410 $ 395 $ 1,229 $ 1,186 Note 20 – Fair Value The fair value hierarchy requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three levels of inputs that Park uses to measure fair value are as follows: • Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that Park has the ability to access as of the measurement date. • Level 2: Level 1 inputs for assets or liabilities that are not actively traded. Also consists of an observable market price for a similar asset or liability. This includes the use of “matrix pricing” to value debt securities absent the exclusive use of quoted prices. • Level 3: Consists of unobservable inputs that are used to measure fair value when observable market inputs are not available. This could include the use of internally developed models, financial forecasting and similar inputs. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the balance sheet date. When possible, the Company looks to active and observable markets to price identical assets or liabilities. When identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, the Company looks to observable market data for similar assets and liabilities. However, certain assets and liabilities are not traded in observable markets and Park must use other valuation methods to develop a fair value. The fair value of individually evaluated collateral dependent loans is typically based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, which is estimated through third-party appraisals in accordance with Park's valuation requirements under its commercial and real estate loan policies. 57 Table of Contents Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis : The following table presents assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2023 using: (In thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance at September 30, 2023 Assets Investment securities: Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities $ — $ 37,300 $ — $ 37,300 Obligations of states and political subdivisions — 389,097 — 389,097 U.S. Government sponsored entities’ asset-backed securities — 640,282 — 640,282 Collateralized loan obligations — 524,891 — 524,891 Corporate debt securities — 11,460 6,126 17,586 Equity securities 2,328 — 466 2,794 Mortgage loans held for sale — 2,866 — 2,866 Mortgage IRLCs — 30 — 30 Loan interest rate swaps — 1,719 — 1,719 Liabilities Fair value swap $ — $ — $ 123 $ 123 Loan interest rate swaps — 1,719 — 1,719 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 using: (In thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance at December 31, 2022 Assets Investment securities: Obligations of U.S. Government sponsored entities $ — $ 37,213 $ — $ 37,213 Obligations of states and political subdivisions — 406,711 — 406,711 U.S. Government sponsored entities’ asset-backed securities — 756,761 — 756,761 Collateralized loan obligations — 516,539 — 516,539 Corporate debt securities — 9,472 7,000 16,472 Equity securities 1,420 — 439 1,859 Mortgage loans held for sale — 2,149 — 2,149 Mortgage IRLCs — 46 — 46 Loan interest rate swaps — 1,508 — 1,508 Liabilities Fair value swap $ — $ — $ 243 $ 243 Loan interest rate swaps — 1,508 — 1,508 58 Table of Contents The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in determining the fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities discussed above: Interest rate swaps: The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2). Investment securities: Fair values for investment securities are based on quoted market prices, where available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments (Level 2). For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows (Level 3). Fair value swap: The fair value of the swap agreement entered into with the purchaser of the Visa Class B shares represents an internally developed estimate of the exposure based upon probability-weighted potential Visa litigation losses and is classified as Level 3. Mortgage interest rate lock commitments: Mortgage IRLCs are based on current secondary market pricing and are classified as Level 2. Mortgage loans held for sale: Mortgage loans held for sale are carried at their fair value. Mortgage loans held for sale are estimated using market prices for similar product types and, therefore, are classified in Level 2. The following tables present a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the Level 3 inputs for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, for financial instruments measured on a recurring basis and classified as Level 3: Level 3 Fair Value Measurements Three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (In thousands) Corporate debt securities Equity securities Fair value swap Balance at July 1, 2023 $ 6,116 $ 455 $ ( 296 ) Transfer into (out of) level 3, net — — — Total (losses) / gains Included in other income / other expense — 11 — Included in other comprehensive income 10 — — Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, other, net — — 173 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 6,126 $ 466 $ ( 123 ) Balance at July 1, 2022 $ — $ 491 $ ( 447 ) Total losses Included in other income / other expense — ( 22 ) — Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, other, net — — 204 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ — $ 469 $ ( 243 ) 59 Table of Contents Level 3 Fair Value Measurements Nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (In thousands) Corporate debt securities Equity securities Fair value swap Balance at January 1, 2023 $ 7,000 $ 439 $ ( 243 ) Transfers into (out of) level 3, net 11 — — Total (losses) / gains Included in other income / other (expense) — 27 ( 175 ) Included in other comprehensive income ( 885 ) — — Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, other, net — — 295 Balance at September 30, 2023 $ 6,126 $ 466 $ ( 123 ) Balance at January 1, 2022 $ — $ 499 $ ( 226 ) Total losses Included in other income / other (expense) — ( 30 ) ( 221 ) Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, other, net — — 204 Balance at September 30, 2022 $ — $ 469 $ ( 243 ) Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis: The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in determining the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as described below: Individually evaluated collateral dependent loans: When a loan is individually evaluated, it is valued at the lower of cost or fair value. Collateral dependent loans which are individually evaluated and carried at fair value have been partially charged off or receive specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses. For collateral dependent loans, fair value is generally based on real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales approach and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Collateral is then adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and the client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Individually evaluated loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. Additionally, valuations for all collateral dependent loans are updated annually, either through independent valuations by a licensed appraiser or a verification of value ("VOV") performed by an internal licensed appraiser, in accordance with Company policy. A VOV can only be used in select circumstances and verifies that the original appraised value has not deteriorated through property inspection, consideration of market conditions, and performance of all valuation methods utilized in a prior valuation. After the adoption of ASU 2022-02 on January 1, 2023, loans individually evaluated for impairment include all internally classified commercial nonaccrual loans. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, loans individually evaluated for impairment included all internally classified commercial nonaccrual loans and accruing TDRs. OREO: Assets acquired through or in lieu of loan foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired. The carrying value of OREO is not re-measured to fair value on a recurring basis, but is subject to fair value adjustments when the carrying value exceeds the fair value, less estimated selling costs. Fair value is based on recent real estate appraisals and is updated at least annually. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales approach and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Appraisals for both individually evaluated collateral dependent loans and OREO are performed by licensed appraisers. Appraisals are generally obtained to support the fair value of collateral. In general, there are three types of appraisals received by the Company: real estate appraisals, income approach appraisals, and lot development loan appraisals. These are discussed below: 60 Table of Contents • Real estate appraisals typically incorporate measures such as recent sales prices for comparable properties. Appraisers may make adjustments to the sales prices of the comparable properties as deemed appropriate based on the age, condition or general characteristics of the subject property. Management generally applies a 15 % discount to real estate appraised values which management expects will cover all disposition costs (including selling costs). This 15 % discount is based on historical discounts to appraised values on sold OREO properties. • Income approach appraisals typically incorporate the annual net operating income of the business divided by an appropriate capitalization rate, as determined by the appraiser. Management generally applies a 15 % discount to income approach appraised values which management expects will cover all disposition costs (including selling costs). • Lot development loan appraisals are typically performed using a discounted cash flow analysis. Appraisers determine an anticipated absorption period and a discount rate that takes into account an investor’s required rate of return based on recent comparable sales. Management generally applies a 6 % discount to lot development appraised values, which is an additional discount above the net present value calculation included in the appraisal, to account for selling costs. MSRs: MSRs are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. MSRs do not trade in active, open markets with readily observable prices. For example, sales of MSRs do occur, but precise terms and conditions typically are not readily available. As such, management, with the assistance of a third-party specialist, determines fair value based on the discounted value of the future cash flows estimated to be received. Significant inputs include the discount rate and assumed prepayment speeds. The calculated fair value is then compared to market values where possible to ascertain the reasonableness of the valuation in relation to current market expectations for similar products. Accordingly, MSRs are classified as Level 2. The following tables present assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Individually evaluated collateral dependent loans secured by real estate are carried at fair value if they have been charged down to fair value or if a specific valuation allowance has been established. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no PCD loans carried at fair value. A new cost basis is established at the time a property is initially recorded in OREO. OREO properties are carried at fair value if a devaluation has been taken with respect to the property's value subsequent to the initial measurement. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no OREO properties held by Park that were carried at fair value due to fair value adjustments made subsequent to the initial OREO measurement. Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2023 using: (In thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance at September 30, 2023 Individually evaluated collateral dependent loans recorded at fair value: Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ 2,289 $ 2,289 Construction real estate — — 455 455 Residential real estate — — 186 186 Total individually evaluated collateral dependent loans recorded at fair value $ — $ — $ 2,930 $ 2,930 MSRs $ — $ 872 $ — $ 872 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 using: (In thousands) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Balance at December 31, 2022 Individually evaluated collateral dependent loans recorded at fair value: Commercial real estate $ — $ — $ 5,573 $ 5,573 Residential real estate — — 200 200 Total individually evaluated collateral dependent loans recorded at fair value $ — $ — $ 5,773 $ 5,773 MSRs $ — $ 1,717 $ — $ 1,717 61 Table of Contents The table below provides additional detail on those individually evaluated loans which are recorded at fair value as well as the remaining individually evaluated loan portfolio not included above. The remaining individually evaluated loans consist of 1) loans which are not collateral dependent, 2) loans which are not secured by real estate, and 3) loans carried at cost as the fair value of the underlying collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows on each of the loans exceeded the book value for each respective credit. September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Loan Balance Prior Charge-Offs Specific Valuation Allowance Carrying Balance Total individually evaluated collateral dependent loans recorded at fair value $ 3,230 $ 1,824 $ 300 $ 2,930 Remaining individually evaluated loans 37,609 244 3,122 34,487 Total individually evaluated loans $ 40,839 $ 2,068 $ 3,422 $ 37,417 December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Loan Balance Prior Charge-Offs Specific Valuation Allowance Carrying Balance Total individually evaluated collateral dependent loans recorded at fair value $ 5,903 $ 1,523 $ 130 $ 5,773 Remaining individually evaluated loans 72,438 252 3,436 69,002 Total individually evaluated loans $ 78,341 $ 1,775 $ 3,566 $ 74,775 The (expense) income from credit adjustments related to individually evaluated loans carried at fair value was $( 0.3 ) million and $ 7,000 for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and was $( 0.9 ) million and $( 1.0 ) million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. MSRs totaled $ 15.0 million at September 30, 2023. Of this $ 15.0 million MSR carrying balance, $ 0.9 million were recorded at fair value and included a valuation allowance of $ 85,000 . The remaining $ 14.1 million were recorded at cost, as the fair value exceeded cost at September 30, 2023. At December 31, 2022, MSRs totaled $ 15.8 million. Of this $ 15.8 million MSR carrying balance, $ 1.7 million were recorded at fair value and included a valuation allowance of $ 182,000 . The remaining $ 14.1 million were recorded at cost, as the fair value exceeded cost at December 31, 2022. The income r elated to MSRs carried at fair value during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 was $ 16,000 and $ 59,000 , respectively, and was $ 97,000 and $ 1.4 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 62 Table of Contents The following tables present qualitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022: September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Input(s) Range (Weighted Average) Individually evaluated collateral dependent loans: Commercial real estate $ 2,289 Sales comparison approach Adj to comparables 0.0 % - 202.0 % ( 25.2 %) Income approach Capitalization rate 7.3 % - 8.5 % ( 7.8 %) Construction real estate $ 455 Sales comparison approach Adj to comparables 0.0 % - 20.0 % ( 10.0 %) Income approach Capitalization rate 7.3 % ( 7.3 %) Residential real estate $ 186 Sales comparison approach Adj to comparables 1.2 % - 78.6 % ( 7.7 %) December 31, 2022 (In thousands) Fair Value Valuation Technique Unobservable Input(s) Range (Weighted Average) Individually evaluated collateral dependent loans: Commercial real estate $ 5,573 Sales comparison approach Adj to comparables 0.0 % - 202.0 % ( 19.4 %) Income approach Capitalization rate 7.0 % - 10.0 % ( 7.9 %) Cost approach Entrepreneurial profit 10.0 % - 12.0 % ( 11.4 %) Cost approach Accumulated depreciation 38.8 % ( 38.8 %) Residential real estate $ 200 Sales comparison approach Adj to comparables 1.9 % - 119.8 % ( 17.4 %) 63 Table of Contents Assets Measured at Net Asset Value: Park's portfolio of Partnership Investments is valued using the NAV practical expedient in accordance with ASC 820. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, Park had Partnership Investments with a NAV of $ 26.7 million and $ 24.4 million, respectively. At September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, Park had $ 19.4 million and $ 20.3 million, respectively, in unfunded commitments related to these Partnership Investments. For the three-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, Park recogniz ed income of $ 924,000 and $ 97,000 , respectively, and for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, recogn ized income of $ 683,000 and $ 2.6 million, respectively, related to these Partnership Investments. The fair value of certain financial instruments at September 30, 2023 and at December 31, 2022, was as follows: September 30, 2023 Fair Value Measurements (In thousands) Carrying value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair value Financial assets: Cash and money market instruments $ 223,618 $ 223,618 $ — $ — $ 223,618 Investment securities (1) 1,609,156 — 1,603,030 6,126 1,609,156 Other investment securities (2) 2,794 2,328 — 466 2,794 Mortgage loans held for sale 2,866 — 2,866 — 2,866 Mortgage IRLCs 30 — 30 — 30 Individually evaluated loans carried at fair value 2,930 — — 2,930 2,930 Other loans, net 7,259,317 — — 7,086,524 7,086,524 Loans receivable, net $ 7,265,143 $ — $ 2,896 $ 7,089,454 $ 7,092,350 Financial liabilities: Time deposits $ 603,165 $ — $ 601,491 $ — $ 601,491 Other 4,896 4,896 — — 4,896 Deposits (excluding demand deposits) $ 608,061 $ 4,896 $ 601,491 $ — $ 606,387 Short-term borrowings $ 352,786 $ — $ 352,786 $ — $ 352,786 Subordinated notes 189,025 — 176,506 — 176,506 Derivative financial instruments - assets: Loan interest rate swaps $ 1,719 $ — $ 1,719 $ — $ 1,719 Derivative financial instruments - liabilities: Fair value swap $ 123 $ — $ — $ 123 $ 123 Loan interest rate swaps 1,719 — 1,719 — 1,719 (1) Includes debt securities AFS. (2) Excludes FHLB stock and FRB stock which are carried at their respective redemption values, investment securities accounted for at modified cost as these investments do not have a readily determinable fair value, and Partnership Investments valued using the NAV practical expedient. 64 Table of Contents December 31, 2022 Fair Value Measurements (In thousands) Carrying value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair value Financial assets: Cash and money market instruments $ 189,728 $ 189,728 $ — $ — $ 189,728 Investment securities (1) 1,733,696 — 1,726,696 7,000 1,733,696 Other investment securities (2) 1,859 1,420 — 439 1,859 Mortgage loans held for sale 2,149 — 2,149 — 2,149 Mortgage IRLCs 46 — 46 — 46 Individually evaluated loans carried at fair value 5,773 — — 5,773 5,773 Other loans, net 7,048,544 — — 6,918,326 6,918,326 Loans receivable, net $ 7,056,512 $ — $ 2,195 $ 6,924,099 $ 6,926,294 Financial liabilities: Time deposits $ 554,445 $ — $ 552,443 — $ 552,443 Other 1,325 1,325 — — 1,325 Deposits (excluding demand deposits) $ 555,770 $ 1,325 $ 552,443 $ — $ 553,768 Short-term borrowings $ 227,342 $ — $ 227,342 $ — $ 227,342 Subordinated notes 188,667 — 177,928 — 177,928 Derivative financial instruments - assets: Loan interest rate swaps $ 1,508 $ — $ 1,508 $ — $ 1,508 Derivative financial instruments - liabilities: Fair value swap $ 243 $ — $ — $ 243 $ 243 Loan interest rate swaps 1,508 — 1,508 — 1,508 (1) Includes debt securities AFS. (2) Excludes FHLB stock and FRB stock which are carried at their respective redemption values, investment securities accounted for at modified cost as these investments do not have a readily determinable fair value, and Partnership Investments valued using the NAV practical expedient. 65 Table of Contents Note 21 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers All of Park's revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of ASC 606 is recognized within "Other income" in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Income. The following tables present the Corporation's sources of other income by revenue stream and operating segment for the three-month and the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022: Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Revenue by Operating Segment (in thousands) PNB All Other Total Income from fiduciary activities Personal trust and agency accounts $ 2,593 $ — $ 2,593 Employee benefit and retirement-related accounts 2,568 — 2,568 Investment management and investment advisory agency accounts 3,407 — 3,407 Other 532 — 532 Service charges on deposit accounts Non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees 943 — 943 Demand deposit account (DDA) charges 1,060 — 1,060 Other 106 — 106 Other service income (1) Credit card 719 — 719 HELOC 100 — 100 Installment 39 — 39 Real estate 1,497 — 1,497 Commercial 260 — 260 Debit card fee income 6,652 — 6,652 Bank owned life insurance income (2) 1,394 54 1,448 ATM fees 575 — 575 Loss on sale of OREO, net ( 6 ) — ( 6 ) OREO valuation markup — — — Gain (loss) on equity securities, net (2) 1,264 ( 266 ) 998 Other components of net periodic pension benefit income (2) 1,857 36 1,893 Miscellaneous (3) 2,328 1 2,329 Total other income $ 27,888 $ ( 175 ) $ 27,713 (1) Of the $ 2.6 million of aggregate revenue included within "Other service income", approximately $ 1.3 million was within the scope of ASC 606, with the remaining $ 1.3 million consisting primarily of certain residential real estate loan fees which were out of scope. (2) Not within the scope of ASC 606. (3) "Miscellaneous" income included brokerage income, safe deposit box rentals, and miscellaneous bank fees totaling $ 2.3 million, all of which were within the scope of ASC 606. 66 Table of Contents Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Revenue by Operating Segment (in thousands) PNB All Other Total Income from fiduciary activities Personal trust and agency accounts $ 2,411 $ — $ 2,411 Employee benefit and retirement-related accounts 2,353 — 2,353 Investment management and investment advisory agency accounts 3,000 — 3,000 Other 452 — 452 Service charges on deposit accounts Non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees 1,722 — 1,722 Demand deposit account (DDA) charges 996 — 996 Other 141 — 141 Other service income (1) Credit card 734 — 734 HELOC 103 — 103 Installment 40 — 40 Real estate 1,692 — 1,692 Commercial 384 3 387 Debit card fee income 6,514 — 6,514 Bank owned life insurance income (2) 1,133 52 1,185 ATM fees 610 — 610 Gain on sale of OREO, net — 5,607 5,607 OREO valuation markup — 12,009 12,009 Gain on equity securities, net (2) 25 33 58 Other components of net periodic pension benefit income (2) 2,955 72 3,027 Miscellaneous (3) 3,653 — 3,653 Total other income $ 28,918 $ 17,776 $ 46,694 (1) Of the $ 3.0 million of aggregate revenue included within "Other service income", approximately $ 1.4 million was within the scope of ASC 606, with the remaining $ 1.6 million consisting primarily of certain residential real estate loan fees which were out of scope. (2) Not within the scope of ASC 606. (3) "Miscellaneous" income included brokerage income, safe deposit box rentals, and miscellaneous bank fees totaling $ 3.7 million, all of which were within the scope of ASC 606. 67 Table of Contents Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Revenue by Operating Segment (in thousands) PNB All Other Total Income from fiduciary activities Personal trust and agency accounts $ 7,668 $ — $ 7,668 Employee benefit and retirement-related accounts 7,507 — 7,507 Investment management and investment advisory agency accounts 9,842 — 9,842 Other 1,514 — 1,514 Service charges on deposit accounts Non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees 2,864 — 2,864 Demand deposit account (DDA) charges 3,167 — 3,167 Other 360 — 360 Other service income (1) Credit card 2,132 — 2,132 HELOC 297 — 297 Installment 123 — 123 Real estate 4,462 — 4,462 Commercial 802 135 937 Debit card fee income 19,939 — 19,939 Bank owned life insurance income (2) 3,807 158 3,965 ATM fees 1,661 — 1,661 Loss on sale of OREO, net ( 3 ) — ( 3 ) OREO valuation markup 15 — 15 Gain (loss) on equity securities, net (2) 1,146 ( 528 ) 618 Other components of net periodic pension benefit income (2) 5,571 108 5,679 Miscellaneous (3) 4,367 1 4,368 Total other income $ 77,241 $ ( 126 ) $ 77,115 (1) Of the $ 8.0 million of aggregate revenue included within "Other service income", approximately $ 4.1 million was within the scope of ASC 606, with the remaining $ 3.9 million consisting primarily of certain residential real estate loan fees which were out of scope. (2) Not within the scope of ASC 606. (3) "Miscellaneous" income included brokerage income, safe deposit box rentals, and miscellaneous bank fees totaling $ 4.4 million, all of which were within the scope of ASC 606. 68 Table of Contents Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Revenue by Operating Segment (in thousands) PNB All Other Total Income from fiduciary activities Personal trust and agency accounts $ 7,681 $ — $ 7,681 Employee benefit and retirement-related accounts 7,384 — 7,384 Investment management and investment advisory agency accounts 9,403 — 9,403 Other 1,404 — 1,404 Service charges on deposit accounts Non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees 4,658 — 4,658 Demand deposit account (DDA) charges 2,425 — 2,425 Other 413 — 413 Other service income (1) Credit card 2,091 — 2,091 HELOC 297 — 297 Installment 128 — 128 Real estate 8,685 — 8,685 Commercial 1,039 475 1,514 Debit card fee income 19,371 — 19,371 Bank owned life insurance income (2) 3,356 1,378 4,734 ATM fees 1,725 — 1,725 Gain on sale of OREO, net 4 5,607 5,611 OREO valuation markup 30 12,009 12,039 Gain on equity securities, net (2) 2,285 835 3,120 Other components of net periodic pension benefit income (2) 8,864 217 9,081 Miscellaneous (3) 8,177 ( 398 ) 7,779 Total other income $ 89,420 $ 20,123 $ 109,543 (1) Of the $ 12.7 million of aggregate revenue included within "Other service income", approximately $ 4.3 million was within the scope of ASC 606, with the remaining $ 8.4 million consisting primarily of certain residential real estate loan fees which were out of scope. (2) Not within the scope of ASC 606. (3) "Miscellaneous" income included brokerage income, safe deposit box rentals, and miscellaneous bank fees totaling $ 7.8 million, all of which were within the scope of ASC 606. A description of Park's material revenue streams accounted for under ASC 606 follows: Income from fiduciary activities (gross) : Park earns fiduciary fee income and investment brokerage fees from its contracts with trust customers for various fiduciary and investment-related services. These fees are earned over time as the Company provides the contracted monthly and quarterly services and are generally assessed based on the market value of the trust assets. Service charges on deposit accounts and ATM fees : The Corporation earns fees from the Corporation's deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Fees for transaction-based services, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop payment charges, statement rendering fees, and ACH fees, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the point in time the Corporation fulfills the customer's request. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are generally recognized at the end of the month, representing the period over which the Corporation satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. Service charges on deposits are withdrawn from the customer's account balance. Other service income : Other service income includes income from (1) the sale and servicing of loans sold to the secondary market, (2) incentive income from third-party credit card issuers, and (3) loan customers for various loan-related activities and services. Income related to the sale and servicing of loans sold to the secondary market is included within "Other service income", but is not within the scope of ASC 606. Services that fall within the scope of ASC 606 are recognized as revenue when the Company satisfies the Company's performance obligation to the customer. 69 Table of Contents Debit card fee income : Park earns interchange fees from debit cardholder transactions conducted primarily through the Visa payment network. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, net of card network fees, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder. Gain or loss on sale of OREO, net : The Corporation records a gain or loss from the sale of OREO when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of delivery of an executed deed. When Park finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, the Corporation assesses whether the buyer is committed to perform the buyer's obligation under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon the transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, the Corporation adjusts the transaction price and related gain (loss) on sale if a significant financing component is present. OREO valuation markup: The Corporation records an OREO valuation markup immediately prior to the transfer of a loan to OREO when the fair market value of the property less costs to sell exceeds the principal balance of the loan.