Propanc Biopharma, Inc. 10-K

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. You should read the following discussion and analysis of our business and results of operations in conjunction with the information set forth in our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing under Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our discussion includes forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, such as our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements because of several factors. See “Forward-Looking Statements” on page 3 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As used herein, references to the “Company,” “Propanc,” “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to Propanc Biopharma, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiary, unless otherwise indicated. U.S. Dollars are denoted herein by “USD,” “$” and “dollars”. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the information included under “Business,” “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this filing. The discussion and analysis below are based on comparisons between our historical financial data for different periods and include certain forward-looking statements about our business, operations, and financial performance. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors described in “Risk Factors.” Our actual results may differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, those forward-looking statements. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” We caution that the foregoing list of factors is not exclusive, and new factors may emerge, or changes to the foregoing factors may occur, that could impact our business. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise these statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by the federal securities laws. Certain information contained in this discussion and elsewhere in this filing may include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is subject to the safe harbor created by that act. The safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act will not apply to certain “forward looking statements” because we issued “penny stock” (as defined in Section 3(a)(51) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 3(a)(51-1) under the Exchange Act) during the three year period preceding the date(s) on which those forward looking statements were first made, except to the extent otherwise specifically provided by rule, regulation or order of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). We caution readers that certain important factors may affect our actual results and could cause such results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements which may be deemed to have been made in this filing or which are otherwise made by or on our behalf. For this purpose, any statements contained in this filing that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “explore,” “consider,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” “plan,” or “propose” or the negative variations of those words or comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Factors that may affect our results include, but are not limited to, the risks and uncertainties associated with: ● Our ability to raise capital is necessary to sustain our anticipated operations and implement our business plan; ● Our ability to implement our business plan; ● Our ability to generate sufficient cash to survive; ● The degree and nature of our competition; ● The lack of diversification of our business plan; ● The general volatility of the capital markets and the establishment of a market for our shares; and ● Disruption in the economic and financial conditions primarily from the impact of past terrorist attacks in the United States, threats of future attacks, police, and military activities overseas and other disruptive worldwide political and economic events and environmental weather conditions. We are also subject to other risks detailed from time to time in our other filings with the SEC and elsewhere in this filing. Any one or more of these uncertainties, risks and other influences could materially affect our results of operations and whether forward-looking statements made by us ultimately prove to be accurate. Our actual results, performance and achievements could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether from new information, future events or otherwise. We are also subject to other risks detailed from time to time in our other filings with SEC and elsewhere in this filing. Any one or more of these uncertainties, risks and other influences could materially affect our results of operations and whether forward-looking statements made by us ultimately prove to be accurate. Our actual results, performance and achievements could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether from new information, future events or otherwise. Overview The Company was originally formed in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia on October 15, 2007, as Propanc PTY LTD. On November 23, 2010, Propanc Health Group Corporation was incorporated in the State of Delaware and in January 2011; to reorganize our Company, we acquired all the outstanding shares of Propanc PTY LTD on a one-for-one basis, whereby Propanc PTY LTD became our wholly owned subsidiary. Effective April 20, 2017, we changed our name to “Propanc Biopharma, Inc.” to better reflect our current stage of operations and development. We are a development-stage healthcare company that is currently focused on developing new cancer treatments for patients suffering from pancreatic, ovarian and colorectal cancer. Utilizing our scientific and oncology consultants, we have developed a rational, composite formulation of anti-cancer compounds, which together exert several effects designed to control or prevent tumors from recurring and spreading through the body. Our lead product candidate, PRP, is a variation upon our novel formulation and involves pro-enzymes, the inactive precursors of enzymes. 29 Results of Operations The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report. The results discussed below are of the Company and its wholly-owned Australian subsidiary, Propanc PTY LTD. Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2024 Revenue For the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, we generated no revenue because we are currently undertaking research and development activities for market approval and no sales were generated during these periods. Administration Expense Administration expenses increased to $57,027,850 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $1,253,797 for the year ended June 30, 2024. This increase of approximately $55,774,000 is primarily attributable to the increase in stock-based compensation expenses of approximately $37,800,000 to our officers and an employee, stock based consulting and legal services of approximately $18,169,000, increase of approximately $1,000 in employee remuneration expense, and increase in other general and administrative expenses of approximately $1,000 offset by decrease of approximately $103,000 in general consulting, legal and investor relation fees, decrease in accounting fees of approximately $4,000, and decrease in marketing expense of approximately $90,000. Occupancy Expense Occupancy expenses decreased to $26,560 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $34,150 for the year ended June 30, 2024. This decrease of approximately $8,000 is primarily attributable to exchange rate movements over the period when compared to the same period in 2024. Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses decreased to $223,721 for the year ended June 30, 2025 as compared to $248,102 for the year ended June 30, 2024, a decrease in research and development expenses of approximately $24,000. Such research and development expenses are related to the two-year collaboration agreement with University of Jaén, which was executed in October 2020 to provide certain research services to the Company ending on October 2022, relating to the investigation of a fully synthetic recombinant version of PRP. Additionally, on July 27, 2022, the Company entered into another two-year research agreement with the University of Jaén to provide certain research and experiment services to the Company relating to the investigation of the effects of pancreatic proenzymes against the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we also allocate a portion of the management’s salary to research and development expenses. The overall decrease in research and development expenses is primarily related to our cost-cutting measures due to lack of working capital funding. Further research and development collaborations are currently under negotiation with the University of Jaén and other contract research organizations in preparation for upcoming available working capital for future research and development expenses. Interest Expense Interest expense decreased to $563,757 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to $665,841 for the year ended June 30, 2024. Interest expense is primarily comprised of approximately $304,000 of debt discount amortization and $255,000 of interest expense from accrual of interest expense and other financing fees for the year ended June 30, 2025. This decrease in interest expense of approximately $102,000 is primarily attributable to the increase decrease of approximately $280,000 in accretion of put offset by increase in amortization of debt discount of approximately $10,000 and increase in accrual of interest expense of approximately $176,000. Derivative Expense Derivative expenses were increased to $333,596 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to expense of $141,012 for the year ended June 30, 2024. This increase is primarily attributable to the increase in the issuance of convertible notes which initial value was bifurcated from the embedded conversion option and was recorded as derivative expense 30 Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liabilities Change in fair value of derivative liabilities decreased to a gain of $212,450 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to a gain of $316,537 for the year ended June 30, 2024. This decrease of approximately $104,000 is primarily attributable to the decrease in fair value of the principal amount of convertible notes with bifurcated embedded conversion option derivatives because of the decrease in stock prices during the year ended June 30, 2025. Gain (Loss) on Extinguishment of Debt, net During the year ended June 30, 2025, convertible notes containing bifurcated embedded conversion option derivatives with principal aggregate amount of $54,850, accrued interest of $4,365 and conversion fees of $3,770 containing bifurcated embedded conversion option derivatives which were converted into common stock. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued upon conversion was $154,154, resulting in a loss on extinguishment at the time of conversion of $91,169 and $73,640 of derivative liability fair value and was recorded as a gain on extinguishment at the time of conversion, resulting in a net loss of $17,529 which is included in gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Between January 5, 2025 and March 5, 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 51,000 shares of common stock to certain vendors in exchange for payment of outstanding balance of accounts payable of $129,354 pursuant to debt exchange agreements. Those shares were valued at an average price of $8.58 or $437,500, being the closing prices of the stock on the date of grants. Common stock issuable of 7,750 shares shall be issued due to the reduced offering price provision as defined in the debt exchange agreement to such vendor. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued and issuable was $468,500, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $339,146 during the year ended June 30, 2025. On January 23, 2025, the Company entered into a debt exchange agreement with the former director and issued 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loan of $74,395. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued was $375,000, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $300,605 during the year ended June 30, 2025. On February 5, 2025, the Company entered into debt exchange agreements with the two investors and issued an aggregate of 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loan including accrued interest of $86,248. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued was $300,000, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $213,752 during the year ended June 30, 2025. During the year ended June 30, 2024, convertible notes with principal aggregate amount of convertible notes of $130,800, accrued interest of $8,700 and conversion fees of $3,832 containing bifurcated embedded conversion option derivatives were converted into common stock. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued upon conversion was $352,565, resulting in a loss on extinguishment at the time of conversion of $209,233 and $263,798 of derivative liability fair value was recorded as a gain on extinguishment at the time of conversion, resulting in a net loss of $54,565 which is included in gain on extinguishment of debt in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Foreign Currency Transaction Gain Foreign currency transaction gain (loss) decreased to a loss of $(89,243) for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to a gain of $22,080 for the year ended June 30, 2024. This decrease of approximately $111,000 is partially attributable to the decrease in exchange rates during the year ended June 30, 2025. Net loss Net loss increased to $58,923,300 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to a net loss of $1,820,528 for the year ended June 30, 2024. The change relates to the factors discussed above. Deemed dividend The Company recognized the value of the effect of a down-round feature related to our Series A warrants when triggered. Upon the occurrence of the triggering event that resulted in a reduction of the strike price, the Company measured the value of the effect of the feature as the difference between the fair value of the warrants without the down round feature or before the strike price reduction and the fair value of the warrants with a strike price corresponding to the reduced strike price upon the down round feature being triggered. 31 Accordingly, the Company recognized deemed dividends of $0 and $192,960 during the year ended June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively, with a corresponding reduction of income available to common stockholders upon the alternate cashless exercise of these warrants during the year ended June 30, 2024. Net loss available to common stockholders Net loss available to common stockholders increased to $58,923,300 for the year ended June 30, 2025, as compared to a net loss available to common stockholders of $2,013,488 for the year ended June 30, 2024. This increase of approximately $56,910,000 is primarily attributable to the change relates to the factors discussed above. Liquidity and Capital Resources Current Financial Condition As of June 30, 2025, we had total assets of $19,631,808, comprised primarily of cash of $12,088, GST tax receivable of $5,302, prepaid expenses – current portion of $8,334,046, other current assets of $1,380, security deposit of $1,971, deferred offering cost of $291,773, operating lease ROU asset, net of $59,413 and prepaid expenses – long-term of $10,925,835. As of June 30, 2024, we had total assets of $72,365, comprised primarily of cash of $21,085, GST tax receivable of $2,950, prepaid expenses and other current assets of $1,406, deferred offering cost of $27,117, security deposit of $2,008, and operating lease ROU asset, net of $17,799. We had current liabilities of $5,578,240, primarily comprised of net convertible debt of $537,921, accounts payable and accrued expenses of $2,926,941, employee benefit liability of $667,901, loans payable of $65,280, loans payable – related party of $415,329, note payable, net of $543,312, embedded conversion option liabilities of $403,892 and operating lease liability of $17,664 as of June 30, 2025. As compared to June 30, 2024, we had current liabilities of $3,792,780, primarily comprised of net convertible debt of $399,325, accounts payable and accrued expenses of $2,100,135, employee benefit liability of $639,371, loans payable of $145,091, loans payable – related party of $71,629, note payable, net of $204,694 and embedded conversion option liabilities of $133,886. We have funded our operations primarily through the issuance of equity and/or convertible securities for cash. The cash was used primarily for payments for research and development, administration expenses, occupancy expenses, professional fees, consultants and travel. During the year ended June 30, 2025, we received proceeds from issuance of notes of $320,000, proceeds from convertible notes of $222,500, proceeds from issuance of loans payable from related parties of $343,700 and repaid convertible note and notes payable for a total of $130,788. During the year ended June 30, 2024, we received proceeds from sale of common stock of $23,057, proceeds from issuance of notes of $190,000, proceeds from convertible notes of $567,050, proceeds from issuance of loans payable including to related parties for a total of $304,696, and repaid convertible note of $142,909. We have substantial capital resource requirements and have incurred significant losses since inception. As of June 30, 2025, we had $12,088 in cash. We depend upon debt and/or equity financing to fund our ongoing operations and to execute our current business plan. Such capital requirements are in excess of what we have in available cash and for which we currently have commitments. Therefore, we presently do not have enough available cash to meet our obligations over the next 12 months. If continued funding and capital resources are unavailable at reasonable terms, we may curtail our plan of operations. We will be required to obtain alternative or additional financing from financial institutions, investors or otherwise, in order to maintain and expand our existing operations. The failure by us to obtain such financing would have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of operations, and adversely affecting our ability to complete ongoing activities in connection with our research and development programs. Sources and Uses of Cash For the years ended June 30, 2025 2024 Net cash used in operating activities $ (405,168 ) $ (935,118 ) Net cash provided by financing activities $ 490,756 $ 941,894 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash $ (94,585 ) $ 4,262 32 Net Cash Flow from Operating Activities Net cash used in operating activities was $405,168 for the year ended June 30, 2025, due to our net loss of $58,923,300 offset primarily by non-cash charges of amortization of debt discount of $303,563, non-cash interest expense of $5,519, total stock-based expenses of $55,969,230, derivative expense of $333,596, foreign currency transaction loss of $89,243, and loss from extinguishment of debt of $871,032 addback change in fair value of derivatives of $212,450. Net changes in operating assets and liabilities totaled $1,138,212, which is primarily attributable to an increase in accrued interest of $255,115, increase in accounts payable of $187,732 and increase in accrued expenses and other payables of $677,889. Net cash used in operating activities was $935,118 for the year ended June 30, 2024, due to our net loss of $1,820,528 offset primarily by non-cash charges of amortization of debt discount of $294,005, non-cash interest expense of $3,832, accretion of put premium of $279,711, derivative expense of $141,012, addback change in fair value of derivatives of $316,537, foreign currency transaction gain of $22,080, and gain from extinguishment of debt of $54,565. Net changes in operating assets and liabilities totaled $538,376, which is primarily attributable to increase accrued interest of $78,733, increase in accounts payable of $242,408, and increase in accrued expenses and other payables of $209,962. Net Cash Flow from Financing Activities Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended June 30, 2025 were $490,756 as compared to $941,894 for the year ended June 30, 2024. During the year ended June 30, 2024 we received net proceeds from issuance of convertible notes of $222,500, proceeds from a note of $320,000 and proceeds from issuance of loan from related parties of $343,700 offset by repayment of notes of $122,788 and convertible note of $8,000 and deferred offering cost of $264,656. Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended June 30, 2024 was $941,894. During the year ended June 30, 2024 we received net proceeds from issuance of convertible notes of $567,050, proceeds from issuance of note of $190,000, total proceeds from issuance of loans including from a related party of $304,696, proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock of $23,057 offset by repayment of convertible note of $142,909. Effect of Exchange Rate The effect of the exchange rate on cash resulted in a $94,585 negative adjustment to cash flows in the year ended June 30, 2025 as compared to a $4,262 positive adjustment to cash flows in the year ended June 30, 2024. The reason for the fluctuation is due to the application of currency translation rates throughout the cash flow statement, the volume of transactions within each period and the daily fluctuation in exchange rates. Critical Accounting Estimates Below is a discussion of our more subjective accounting estimation processes for purposes of explaining (i) the methodology used in calculating the estimates, (ii) the inherent uncertainties pertaining to such estimates, and (iii) the possible effects of a significant variance in actual experience, from that of the estimate, on our financial condition. Estimates involve numerous assumptions that, if incorrect, could create a material adverse impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. Reference is frequently made herein to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). This is the source of authoritative US GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied to non-governmental entities. Each ASC reference in this filing is presented with a three-digit number, which represents its Topic. As necessary for explanation and as applicable, an ASC topic may be followed with a two-digit subtopic, a two-digit section or a two-or-three-digit paragraph. Derivative Instruments: ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging,” establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging activities by requiring that all derivatives be recognized in the balance sheet and measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized in earnings. On the date of conversion, or payoff, of debt, we record the fair value of the conversion shares, remove the fair value of the related derivative liability, remove any discounts and record a net gain or loss on debt extinguishment. Prepaid expenses – current portion and long-term portion of $8,334,046 and $10,925,835, respectively, at June 30, 2025, consist primarily of costs paid for future services which will occur between 6 months to three years. Prepaid expenses principally include prepayments in fully vested, non-forfeitable equity instruments for general consulting, investor relations, and business advisory services, which are being amortized over the terms of their respective agreements. 33 Recent Accounting Pronouncements Please see section captioned “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report for a discussion of recently issued and adopted accounting pronouncements. Going Concern Qualification The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with US GAAP, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Company had no revenues, had a net loss of $58,923,300 and had net cash used in operations of $405,168. Additionally, as of June 30, 2025, the Company had accumulated deficit of $125,621,520. Our independent registered public accounting firm has included a “Going Concern Qualification” in their audit report for each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. In addition, we have convertible debt that is past maturity that we are currently negotiating with lenders in order to amend the maturity dates. The foregoing raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of 12 months from the issue date of this report. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on our ability to execute our strategy and on our ability to raise additional funds and/or to consummate a public offering. Management is currently seeking additional funds, primarily through the issuance of equity and/or debt securities for cash to operate our business. No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to us. Even if we are able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing or cause substantial dilution for our stockholders, in case of equity and/or convertible debt financing. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. The “Going Concern Qualification” might make it substantially more difficult to raise capital. Successful completion of the Company’s development program and, ultimately, the attainment of profitable operations are dependent upon future events, including obtaining adequate financing to fulfill its development activities, acceptance of the Company’s patent applications, obtaining additional sources of suitable and adequate financing and ultimately achieving a level of sales adequate to support the Company’s cost structure and business plan. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is also dependent on its ability to further develop and execute on its business plan. However, there can be no assurances that any or all of these endeavors will be successful. On August 18, 2025, the Company sold 1,000,000 shares of common stock for total gross proceeds of $4,000,000. After deducting the underwriting commissions and offering expenses, the Company received net proceeds of $3,340,000. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. Not applicable to smaller reporting companies. 34