INTEGRA LIFESCIENCES HOLDINGS CORP 10-Q

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) and our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. We have made statements in this Quarterly Report that constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this Quarterly Report, including, but not limited to, statements regarding our business strategy and plans, our growth and growth strategies, developments in the markets for our products and services, financial results, our planned product launches and effectiveness, our research and development strategy, regulatory approvals, our competitive strengths, objectives of management for future operations and current expectations or forecasts of future results, our expectations regarding the Boston facility and plans to operationalize the Company's manufacturing facility in Braintree, Massachusetts (“the Braintree facility”), our transition of the manufacture of SurgiMend® and PriMatrix® to the Braintree facility, our ability to obtain a pre-market approval (“PMA”) of SurgiMend PRS in implant-based breast reconstruction and to obtain a PMA for Durasorb® in 2026 for multiple indications for implant-based breast reconstruction, our expectations regarding the Compliance Master Plan (“the CMP”) implementation and engagement, our restructuring and cost-saving initiatives, our intellectual property rights, litigation and tax matters, governmental proceedings and investigations, mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, market acceptance of our products and services, accounting estimates, financing activities, ongoing contractual obligations and compliance with restrictive and financial covenants of our outstanding indebtedness, working capital adequacy, value of our investments, our effective tax rate, estimates regarding the impact of tariffs adopted or implemented by the U.S. or other countries on our business, financial condition and results of operations, our expected returns to shareholders, and our sales efforts, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, these forward-looking 38 Table of Contents statements may be identified by forward-looking words such as “believe,” “may,” “might,” “could,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “seek,” “plan,” “expect,” “should,” “would” or the negative version of these words or other similar words and expressions in this Quarterly Report. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions about the Company and other matters that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. We believe these risks include but are not limited to those described under the headings “Risk Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and in this Quarterly Report, as such factors may be updated from time to time in our periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), which are accessible on the SEC’s website at https://www.sec.gov. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited, to the following: the ongoing and possible future effects of global challenges, including macroeconomic uncertainties, inflation, supply chain disruptions, trade regulation and tariffs, political instability, violent conflicts, and other macroeconomic disruptions and U.S. and global recession concerns, on the Company’s customers and on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows; the Company's ability to execute its operating plan effectively; the Company’s ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses; the Company’s ability to achieve sales growth in a timely fashion; the Company’s ability to manufacture and ship sufficient quantities of its products to meet its customers’ demands; the ability of third-party suppliers to supply us with raw materials and finished products; the Company’s ability to manage its direct sales channels effectively; the sales performance of third-party distributors on whom the Company relies to generate revenue for certain products and geographic regions; the Company’s ability to access and maintain relationships with customers of acquired entities and businesses; physicians’ willingness to adopt and third-party payors’ willingness to provide or maintain reimbursement for the Company’s recently launched, planned and existing products; initiatives launched by the Company's competitors; downward pricing pressures from customers; the Company's ability to secure regulatory approval for products in development; the Company’s ability to remediate quality systems violations; difficulties or delays in obtaining and maintaining required regulatory approvals related to the transition of manufacturing SurgiMend and PriMatrix to the Braintree facility and obtain PMA of SurgiMend PRS in implant-based breast reconstruction (“IBBR”); the possibility that costs or difficulties related to building and the operationalization of the Braintree facility or the transition of manufacturing activities from the Company’s Boston facility to the Braintree facility will be greater than expected; fluctuations in hospitals’ spending for capital equipment; the Company’s ability to comply with regulations regarding products of human origin and products containing materials derived from animal source; the impact of changes in management or staff levels; the impact of goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges if future operating results of acquired businesses are significantly less than the results anticipated at the time of the acquisitions, the Company’s ability to leverage its existing selling organizations and administrative infrastructure; the Company’s ability to increase product sales and gross margins, and control both product and non-product costs and expenses; the amount and timing of divestiture, acquisition and integration-related costs; the geographic distribution of where the Company generates its taxable income; new U.S. and foreign government laws and regulations, and changes in existing laws, regulations and enforcement guidance, which affect areas of our operations including, but not limited to, those affecting the health care industry, including the EU Medical Device Regulation (“EU MDR”); the scope, duration and effect of additional U.S. and international governmental, regulatory, fiscal, monetary and public health responses to public health crises; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; the amount of our bank borrowings outstanding and other factors influencing liquidity; our ability to comply with the covenants under the agreements governing our indebtedness and the potential negative consequences caused by non-compliance; potential negative impacts resulting from environmental, social and governance matters; disruptions at the FDA, including due to a reduction in the FDA’s and CMS’ workforce and/or inadequate funding for the FDA or CMS; the impact of the U.S. government shutdown which began in October 2025 on our business operations; and the potential impact of our compliance with governmental regulations and accounting guidance. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and/or cash flows. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by applicable law. You should carefully consider forward-looking statements and understand that such forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, and involve a variety of risks and uncertainties. 39 Table of Contents GENERAL Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation was founded in 1989 and is a leading global medical technology company innovating treatment pathways to advance patient outcomes and set new standards of surgical, neurologic, ear, nose, and throat (“ENT”) and tissue technologies. Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “IART.” We have developed numerous product lines from our technologies for applications ranging from burn and deep tissue wounds to the repair of dura mater in the brain, as well as nerves and tendons. We have expanded our base regenerative technology business to include ENT, surgical instruments, neurosurgical products and advanced wound care through global acquisitions and product development to meet the evolving needs of our customers and enhance patient care. Our products are sold in more than 120 countries through a direct sales force as well as distributors and wholesalers. We manufacture and sell medical technologies and products in two reportable business segments: Codman Specialty Surgical (“CSS”) and Tissue Technologies (“TT”). The CSS segment, which represents approximately 70% of our total revenue, consists of market-leading technologies and instrumentation used for a wide range of specialties, such as neurosurgery, neurocritical care and otolaryngology. We are the world leader in neurosurgery and one of the top three providers in the U.S. in instruments used in precision, specialty, and general surgical procedures. Our TT segment generates approximately 30% of our overall revenue and focuses on three main areas: complex wound surgery, surgical reconstruction, and peripheral nerve repair. We have key manufacturing and research facilities located in California, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ohio, Puerto Rico, Tennessee, Utah, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel and Switzerland. We source most of our handheld surgical instruments and dural sealant products through specialized third-party vendors. Our strategies are focused around five pillars. Of these five pillars, three are core growth drivers: (1) innovating for outcomes, (2) growing internationally, and (3) broadening our impact on care pathways. Our execution of the core growth drivers is enabled by two additional pillars: (4) driving operational and customer excellence and (5) cultivating a high-performance culture. As outlined in greater detail below, we believe these five pillars will enable us to realize and advance our integrated growth strategy. To this end, our executive leadership team has established the following key priorities aligned to our five pillars: Innovating for Outcomes . An important part of our growth strategy is introducing new products to strengthen and expand our portfolio through clinical evidence to support regulatory approval and strong reimbursement of our product portfolio around the world, including new indications for existing technologies. In 2021, we filed a PMA application for a specific indication for SurgiMend in the use of post-mastectomy IBBR. We currently anticipate PMA approval following the completion of the construction, successful pre-approval inspection and operationalization of our Braintree facility, which is expected in 2026. We are also pursuing a PMA for DuraSorb for indications in the use of IBBR. We completed enrollment and subject treatment for the DuraSorb U.S. investigational device exemption (“IDE”) clinical trial for two-stage breast reconstruction in 2023 and we continue to advance the PMA application. Currently, we hope to secure PMA approval for DuraSorb in 2026. In 2024 we expanded our urinary bladder matrix platform with the U.S. launch of MicroMatrix® Flex, a dual-syringe system enabling the convenient mixing and precise delivery of MicroMatrix paste to provide convenient access to hard-to-reach spaces and to help prepare an even surface in challenging wound areas. Additionally, in 2024, we successfully re-launched our CereLink ® intracranial pressure (“ICP”) monitor system. CereLink provides advanced continuous ICP monitoring when treating patients with traumatic brain injuries and offers enhanced accuracy, usability and advanced data presentation compared to other leading ICP monitoring systems. Growing Internationally. Over the years, we have significantly expanded our global footprint by investing in our commercial and manufacturing operations, as well as introducing new products. In the last two years, we have expanded our presence in key markets such as Southeast Asia, India, South Korea and Brazil. As part of our In-China-For-China strategy, we continue to build out our assembly capabilities in our facility in Suzhou, China. In 2023 and 2024, DuraGen Plus, an absorbable and sutureless collagen onlay indicated as a dura substitute for the repair of dura mater, and Certas Plus were approved in China. Several new products were also introduced in select international markets in 2023 and 2024, including MicroMatrix and Certas Plus® Programmable Valve (MDR certification), which were launched in Europe, and CUSA Clarity laparoscopic tip, which was launched in Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Canada, Brazil, South Africa and Israel. In 2025, Cerelink received approval in Brazil, Philippines, UAE, Albania and India. 40 Table of Contents Broadening Impact on Care Pathways . We seek ways to develop and acquire products and technologies that impact the lives of patients, starting with the journey that a patient takes from diagnosis and treatment planning to surgery and postoperative care. We are well-established in acute care settings and continue to leverage that strong position to grow in this segment and shape treatment pathways into preoperative care and additional sites of care. In April 2024, we successfully completed the acquisition of Acclarent, Inc. (“Acclarent”). Acclarent is an innovator and market leader in ENT procedures and the acquisition of Acclarent has positioned us as one of the leading providers of ENT products and technologies. Furthermore, we believe that, owing to the ENT business being an anatomical adjacency to neurosurgery, Acclarent will allow us to deliver future innovation both within the ENT business and across our other CSS technology platforms. Driving Operations and Customer Excellence. We have been steadily advancing our initiatives to build more responsive and scalable processes, enhance the reliability of our quality systems and supply chain, and drive productivity to further our supply and lower costs. We continue to invest in technologies, systems and processes to enhance the customer experience. We are also committed to our capacity expansion. We have progressed in the transfer from our Boston facility to our Braintree facility, as well as expanding capacity at our manufacturing facility in Plainsboro, New Jersey. In an effort to enhance our manufacturing flexibility and resilience, we entered into a new third-party manufacturing agreement, which allowed us to relaunch PriMatrix and Durepair ahead of previously disclosed timelines. Both products are now currently available to our customers. Additionally, we are implementing the CMP, a systematic and holistic approach to improving our quality management system across our manufacturing and supply network. The primary objectives of the CMP are to remediate quality system gaps, harmonize the quality management system and enhance the quality culture across the Company. Cultivating a High-Performance Culture. In seeking to sustain a culture of excellence and accountability, we focus on employee empowerment, professional development and building an environment where all employees can contribute to their fullest potential. These efforts have been recognized through our inclusion in several best workplace lists globally. We continue to advance our broader organizational sustainability initiatives, and published our annual environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) report in the third quarter of 2025. For more information on our ESG strategy, goals, performance, and achievements, please visit “Our Company—ESG Report” at https://www.integralife.com/esg-report. Information on our website is not incorporated by reference herein and is not part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. New Product Introductions and Research and Development Updates We continue to invest in collecting clinical evidence to support our existing products and new product launches, and to ensure that we obtain market access for broader and more cost-effective solutions. Neurosurgical Solutions, Surgical Instruments, and ENT Solutions. The CSS neurosurgical business consists of a broad portfolio of market-leading brands, such as Codman®, DuraGen, DuraSeal®, CUSA®, CereLink, Mayfield®, Bactiseal®, and Certas Plus, which are used for the management of multiple disease states, including brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus and other neurological conditions. The growth in this business in recent years has been fueled by geographic expansion and new product registrations in markets such as China, Japan, and Europe, which we expect to continue in the near-to-long term. Because our electromechanical products and instruments address significant needs in surgical procedures and limit uncertainty for surgeons, we continue to invest in registrations, clearances, and approvals for new indications and next generation improvements to our market-leading products. We have several active programs focused on life cycle management and innovation for capital and disposable products in our portfolio. Our product development efforts are focused on core clinical applications in cerebrospinal fluid management, neuro critical care monitoring, minimally invasive instruments and electrosurgery and ultrasonic medical technologies, as well as our ambition to transform the standard of care in neurosurgery with product advancements in minimally invasive surgery and the surgical management of intracerebral hemorrhage. We continue to advance the early-stage technology platforms we acquired in 2019. Through the acquisition of Arkis Biosciences, Inc. (“Arkis”) we added a platform technology, CerebroFlo® external ventricular drainage (“EVD”), a catheter with Endexo® technology. The Endexo polymer in polyurethane is a permanent additive which has shown to be effective in reducing platelet adhesion in-vitro, reducing thrombus accumulation in-vitro and in vivo, and reducing the clinical incidence of thrombus formation. The CerebroFlo EVD catheter has demonstrated an average of 99% less thrombus accumulation onto its surface, in vitro, compared to a market leading EVD catheter. Our work to combine our Bactiseal antimicrobial technology with the Endexo anti-occlusive technology continues to progress for both a silicone-based hydrocephalus and EVD product. We also continue to advance our innovation from 2019 acquisition of Rebound Therapeutics Corporation (“Rebound Therapeutics”). Rebound Therapeutics specializes in a single-use medical device, known as the Aurora® Surgiscope, which is the only tubular retractor system designed for cranial surgery with an integrated access channel, camera and lighting. The 15mm x 60mm and 15mm x 80mm Aurora Surgiscope System received 510(k) clearance from the FDA in 2025. In 2024 we acquired Acclarent, expanding our capabilities in the U.S. ENT market. Acclarent pioneered the balloon sinuplasty market and has a broad portfolio including the RELIEVA SPINPLUS® Balloon Sinuplasty System. Acclarent also pioneered eustachian tube balloon dilation and currently markets the AERA® Eustachian Tube Dilation System, which received 510(k) clearance for expanded pediatric indications in 2023. In addition, Acclarent sells the TruDi® Navigation System, which 41 Table of Contents includes a portfolio of navigated surgical instrumentation. In July 2025, we announced the inaugural enrollment of the first patient in the Acclarent AERA Pediatric Registry, a prospective, multi-center observational registry evaluating the real-world use of the AERA Eustachian Tube Balloon Dilation System in children. This marks the focused effort to measure the ongoing, clinical performance of AERA in pediatric patients with obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction. The registry is designed to capture both safety and efficacy outcomes for up to 300 pediatric patients who undergo Eustachian tube balloon dilation using AERA. In 2024, we acquired the product rights for Durepair Dural Regeneration Matrix, a suturable dural graft which complements our portfolio of dural grafts and sealants, and subsequently launched the product for commercial sale in the U.S. in October 2025. In September 2025 the Mayfield® Ghost Base Unit Post launched in the U.S., which is designed to help provide clear visualization of anatomical structure and to support surgical accuracy and patient positioning. Regenerative Technologies . We were the first company to receive FDA approval for regeneration of dermal tissue and are a world leader in regenerative technology. Our regenerative technology development program applies our expertise in bioengineering to a range of biomaterials including natural materials such as purified collagen, intact human or animal tissues, honey as well as resorbable synthetic polymers with our DuraSorb and DuraSeal product lines. These unique product designs are used for neurosurgical and reconstructive surgical applications, as well as dermal regeneration, including the management of chronic and acute wounds, tendon and nerve repair. Our regenerative technology platform includes our legacy Integra® Dermal Regeneration Template (“IDRT”) products and complementary technologies that we have acquired. Our collagen manufacturing capability, combined with our history of innovation, provides us with strong platform technologies for multiple indications. In 2021, we filed a PMA application for a specific indication for SurgiMend for use in post-mastectomy IBBR and in 2024 received approvable pending Good Manufacturing Practice (“GMP”) status from the FDA, which approved and closed out the clinical portion of this PMA application. We anticipate PMA approval following successful closeout of the GMP deficiencies, pre-approval inspection, and operationalization of the Braintree facility, which is expected in 2026. In 2022, we acquired SIA, which also submitted a PMA application for multiple indications for DuraSorb for use in IBBR. In 2023 we completed enrollment in the DuraSorb U.S. IDE clinical trial for two-stage breast reconstruction, and since then have completed treatment and follow up of all subjects as we continue to advance the PMA application. Currently, we hope to secure PMA approval for DuraSorb in 2026. By offering two distinct product solutions for multiple indications, we believe we have the opportunity to build a leading position in the IBBR market. In 2024, MicroMatrix Flex, used in the management of wounds with hard-to-reach geometries, such as deep wounds that present with tunneling or undermining, became commercially available in the U.S. European Union Medical Device Regulation Updates We continue to work towards certifying our products under the EU MDR. In recent years, we received EU MDR certification in our CSS segment for Hakim Programmable Valves, Certas Plus with and without Bactiseal catheters, Surgical Patties and Strips, DuraSeal Dural, and DuraGen Suturable, as well as IDRT, BioPatch, MicroMatrix, and Cytal in our TT segment. Although we do not currently anticipate any significant disruption to our commercial activities in Europe related to EU MDR, we cannot provide assurance of our ability to timely comply with all applicable requirements of EU MDR and our failure to meet the applicable EU MDR requirements could adversely impact our business in the EU and other regions that tie their product registrations to the EU requirements. FDA Matters On December 19, 2024, the Company received a warning letter from the FDA (the “2024 Warning Letter”). The 2024 Warning Letter relates to quality system issues identified during FDA inspections at three of the Company’s facilities located in Mansfield, Massachusetts; Plainsboro, New Jersey; and Princeton, New Jersey. The 2024 Warning Letter did not identify any new observations that had not already been provided in the Form 483s previously issued to the Company by the FDA at the conclusion of its three inspections in June and August of 2024 (the “2024 Form 483s”). In the 2024 Form 483s, the FDA deemed certain of the Company's devices, including cranial perforators, disposable cottonoid patties and strips, and collagen-based products, to be out of compliance with respect to quality system regulations. At that time, the Company took a number of voluntary actions including the initiation of shipping holds for several products and a voluntary recall of the disposable patties and strips. The 2024 Warning Letter does not restrict the Company’s ability to manufacture or ship products, require recall of any products, nor restrict the Company’s ability to seek FDA 510(k) clearance of products. The 2024 Warning Letter states that premarket approval applications for Class III devices to which the quality system regulation violations are reasonably related will not be approved until the violations have been corrected. The Company has submitted several responses to the 2024 Form 483s issued to each of the three manufacturing facilities to the FDA and has submitted several updates to the 2024 Warning Letter throughout 2025. 42 Table of Contents On March 7, 2019, TEI Biosciences, Inc. (“TEI”), one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, received a Warning Letter (the “2019 Warning Letter”), dated March 6, 2019, from the FDA. The 2019 Warning Letter was related to quality systems issues at TEI’s manufacturing facility located in Boston, Massachusetts (the “Boston facility”). The Boston facility manufactured extracellular bovine matrix products in our TT segment that were sold both in wound reconstruction and care and surgical reconstruction franchises, and in private label channels. The 2019 Warning Letter resulted from an inspection held at the Boston facility in October and November 2018 and did not identify any new observations that were not already provided in the Form 483 that followed the inspection. We submitted our initial response to the 2019 Warning Letter on March 28, 2019 and provide regular progress reports to the FDA as to our corrective actions. On October 28, 2021, the FDA initiated an inspection of the Boston facility and at the conclusion of the inspection, issued an FDA Form 483 on November 12, 2021 (the “2021 Form 483”). On March 1, 2023, the FDA commenced an inspection of the Boston facility and issued an FDA Form 483 at the conclusion of this inspection (the “2023 Form 483”). In May 2023, after consultation with the FDA, the Company initiated a voluntary global recall of all products manufactured at the Boston facility, including PriMatrix, SurgiMend, Revize™, and TissueMend™, distributed between March 1, 2018 and May 22, 2023 (the “Boston recall”). On July 19, 2023, TEI received a Warning Letter, dated July 17, 2023, from the FDA related to quality system issues at the Boston facility (the “2023 Warning Letter”). The 2023 Warning Letter did not identify any new observations that had not already been provided in the 2023 Form 483. The Company has submitted periodic responses to the FDA for both the 2023 Form 483 and the 2023 Warning Letter. We are committed to resolving the matters identified in the warning letters and Form 483s and are continuing significant efforts to remediate the observations. Although the warning letters do not restrict the Company’s ability to seek FDA 510(k) clearance of products, PMAs for Class III devices to which the quality system regulation violations are reasonably related will not be approved until the violations have been addressed. Following its assessment of the results of a third-party audit of the Boston facility, the Company announced in the second quarter of 2024 that it no longer planned to restart the manufacture of PriMatrix and SurgiMend at its Boston facility. The restart of the manufacturing of SurgiMend will occur at the Company's new tissue manufacturing facility in Braintree, Massachusetts (the “Braintree transition”). The Company anticipates the Braintree facility to be operational in 2026. In addition, the Company entered into a new third-party manufacturing agreement, which facilitated the relaunch of PriMatrix, as well as Durepair Dural Regeneration Matrix, ahead of previously disclosed timelines. We cannot give any assurances that the FDA will be satisfied with our response to the issues identified by the FDA in any of the foregoing Form 483s or warning letters or as to the expected date of the resolution of such issues. Until the issues cited by the FDA are resolved to the FDA’s satisfaction, the FDA may initiate additional regulatory action without further notice. Any adverse regulatory action, depending on its magnitude, may restrict us from effectively manufacturing, marketing and selling our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Optimization and Integration Activities As a result of our ongoing acquisition strategy and significant growth in recent years, we have undertaken cost-saving initiatives to consolidate manufacturing operations, distribution facilities and transfer activities, eliminate duplicative positions, realign various sales and marketing activities, and expand and upgrade production capacity for our regenerative technology products. These efforts are expected to continue and while we expect a positive impact from ongoing restructuring, integration, and manufacturing transfer and expansion activities, such results remain uncertain. As a result of audits and inspections by regulatory agencies as well as our own review of the Company’s quality management system, we are in the process of implementing the enterprise-wide CMP, a systematic and holistic approach to improving our quality management system across our manufacturing and supply network. The primary objectives of the CMP are to remediate quality system gaps, harmonize the quality management system and enhance the quality culture across the Company. The Company has completed baseline audits across all manufacturing facilities, conducted CMP training, and has made significant progress in its prioritized work streams. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Executive Summary Net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $(5.4) million and $(514.8) million, or $(0.07) and (6.72) per diluted share, as compared to net loss of $(10.7) million and $(26.4) million, or $(0.14) and $(0.34) per diluted share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net loss decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to prior periods, primarily driven by quality and operational issues across both periods and the impact of the goodwill impairment of $511.4 million recorded in the second quarter of the current year. 43 Table of Contents Special Charges Income before taxes includes the following special charges : Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 2025 2024 Acquisition, divestiture and integration-related charges (1) $ (6,588) $ 7,810 $ 4,599 $ 31,361 Structural optimization charges 11,052 5,739 27,659 15,112 EU medical device regulation 10,554 10,578 32,179 35,109 Boston recall / Braintree transition (2) 13,957 9,933 42,397 33,676 Total $ 28,975 $ 34,060 $ 106,834 $ 115,258 (1) This includes adjustments for contingent consideration liabilities. Refer to Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies for additional information. (2) This primarily includes idle capacity charges, site transfer costs, quality remediation costs, right of use and fixed asset impairments. The items reported above are reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as follows: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 2025 2024 Cost of goods sold $ 22,845 $ 17,803 $ 63,416 $ 55,689 Research and development 3,175 3,218 12,443 14,645 Selling, general and administrative 2,510 13,056 29,631 45,021 Other income 445 (17) 1,344 (97) Total $ 28,975 $ 34,060 $ 106,834 $ 115,258 We typically define special charges as items for which the amounts and/or timing of such expenses may vary significantly from period to period, depending upon our acquisition, divestiture, integration and restructuring activities; items for which the amounts are non-cash in nature; and items which are not expected to recur at the same magnitude. We believe that given our ongoing strategy of seeking acquisitions, our continuing focus on rationalizing our existing manufacturing and distribution infrastructure and our continuing review of various product lines in relation to our current business strategy, some of the special charges discussed above could recur with similar materiality in the future. We believe that the separate identification of these special charges provides important supplemental information to investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our financial condition and results of operations. Investors may find this information useful in assessing the comparability of our operating performance from period to period, against the business model objectives that management has established, and against other companies in our industry. We provide this information to investors so that they can analyze our operating results in the same way that management does and to use this information in their assessment of our core business and valuation of the Company. Revenues and Gross Margin The Company’s revenues and gross margin on product revenues were as follows: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 2025 2024 Segment Net Sales Codman Specialty Surgical $ 292,583 $ 270,782 $ 877,204 $ 828,977 Tissue Technologies 109,479 110,052 323,116 338,904 Total revenues $ 402,062 $ 380,834 $ 1,200,320 1,167,881 Cost of goods sold 195,071 180,596 589,565 534,892 Gross margin on total revenues $ 206,991 $ 200,238 $ 610,755 $ 632,989 Gross margin as a percentage of total revenues 51.5 % 52.6 % 50.9 % 54.2 % Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 as Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 Revenues and Gross Margin For the three months ended September 30, 2025, total revenues increased by $21.2 million to $402.1 million from $380.8 million for the same period in 2024, representing mid-single digit growth compared to the same period in the prior year. 44 Table of Contents In the CSS segment, revenues were $292.6 million which represents an increase of $21.8 million, or 8% as compared to the prior-year period. Excluding the impact of foreign currency of $2.0 million, the increase in revenue is primarily driven by Cerebrospinal Fluid (“CSF”) Management and Dural Access and Repair shipping holds experienced in the third quarter of the prior year. In the TT segment, revenues were $109.5 million which represents a decrease of $0.6 million, or 1% as compared to the prior-year period. This is primarily attributable to the impact of quality and operational issues associated with Medihoney and decreases in private label revenues. This is partially offset by growth in Integra Skin, which recovered from prior year supply issues, and Durasorb. Gross margin was $207.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $6.8 million from $200.2 million for the same period in 2024. Gross margin as a percentage of revenues was 51.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 52.6% for the same period in 2024. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024 gross margins were impacted by quality and operational issues, which affected both revenue and expenses, as well as higher manufacturing costs. Operating Ex penses The following is a summary of operating expenses as a percent of total revenues: Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Research and development 5.6 % 7.2 % Selling, general and administrative 42.0 % 46.5 % Intangible asset amortization 0.9 % 1.0 % Total operating expenses 48.5 % 54.7 % Total operating expenses, which consist of research and development, selling, general and administrative, and amortization expenses, decreased by $13.2 million, or 6.3%, to $195.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $208.4 million in the same period in 2024. Research and Development Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $5.0 million as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily attributable to cost management initiatives that resulted in lower spend on research and development projects. Selling, General and Administrative Selling, general and administrative costs for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $8.1 million as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by cost management initiatives in the current year and Acclarent acquisition costs incurred in prior year. Intangible Asset Amortization Amortization expense (which does not include amounts reported in cost of product revenues for technology-based intangible assets) for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $3.7 million compared to $3.8 million for the same period in the prior year. Non-Operating Income and Expenses The following is a summary of non-operating income and expense: Three Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 Interest income $ 4,982 $ 5,049 Interest expense (22,725) (19,373) Other income (expense), net (842) 2,112 Total non-operating income and expense $ (18,585) $ (12,212) 45 Table of Contents Interest Income Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $0.1 million as compared to the same period in the prior year . Interest Expense Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $3.4 million as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to higher interest rates on the borrowings under the revolving credit facility component of the Senior Credit Facility as compared to the interest rates on the 2025 Notes. Other Expense, net Other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $3.0 million compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by foreign exchange impact. Income Taxes Three Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 Loss before income taxes $ (6,824) $ (20,362) Benefit provision for income taxes (1,420) (9,667) Effective tax rate 20.8 % 47.5 % The Company’s effective income tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were 20.8% and 47.5%, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company’s effective tax rate was primarily driven by the tax expense generated in certain profitable foreign jurisdictions and the inclusion of Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”); offset by federal, state, and international tax benefits generated from operating losses and favorable prior year tax return positions. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the tax rate is primarily due to the limitation of foreign tax credits in the U.S. and the limitation of federal tax credits in Switzerland, caused by lower book income. The effective tax rate may vary from period to period depending on, among other factors, the geographic and business mix of taxable earnings and losses, tax planning and settlements with various taxing authorities. We consider these factors and others, including the Company’s history of generating taxable earnings, in assessing our ability to realize tax assets on a quarterly basis. Additionally, changes to income tax laws and regulations, in any of the tax jurisdictions in which the Company operates, could impact the effective tax rate. Various governments, both U.S. and non-U.S., are increasingly focused on tax reform and revenue-raising legislation. On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was enacted in the U.S. The OBBBA includes a number of significant provisions, including the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; as well as changes to the capitalization of research and development expenses, accelerated depreciation, and limitations on interest expense deductions. Further legislation in foreign jurisdictions may be enacted, in continued response to the base erosion and profit-sharing project led by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”). The OECD released model rules related to a new 15% global minimum tax regime (“Pillar 2”). Several of the jurisdictions in which we operate have already adopted some form of the model rules, which could impact the amount of taxes that the Company pays during 2025 and future taxable periods. The rules are complex and provide for delays for implementing the tax during the early transition years, if certain conditions are met. At this time, the Company is projecting an immaterial Pillar 2 tax liability for the 2025 year. The Company will continue to analyze the new Pillar 2 laws and any related guidance to determine potential impacts. Such changes in U.S. and non-U.S. jurisdictions could have an adverse effect on the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company will continue to monitor legislative activity across its U.S. and non-U.S. jurisdictions. While it is often difficult to predict the outcome or the timing of the resolution of a particular matter with the various federal, state, and foreign tax authorities, we believe that our reserves reflect the most probable outcome of known tax contingencies. Settlement of a particular issue would usually require the use of cash. A favorable resolution would be recognized as a reduction to our annual effective tax rate in the year of resolution. The Company’s tax reserves are presented in the balance sheet within other liabilities, except for amounts relating to items that we expect to pay in the coming year, which would be classified as current income taxes payable. 46 Table of Contents Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 as Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Revenues and Gross Margin For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, total revenues increased by $32.4 million to $1,200.3 million from $1,167.9 million for the same period in 2024. This represents low single digit growth compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by sales related to Acclarent, as well as impacts from quality and operational issues in both periods. In the CSS segment, revenues were $877.2 million, an increase of $48.2 million, or 6% from the prior year period. Excluding the impact of foreign currency of $3.1 million, the increase is primarily due to the timing of the Acclarent acquisition completed in the second quarter in the prior year and CSF Management and Dural Access and Repair shipping holds experienced in the prior year. In the TT segment, revenues were $323.1 million, a decrease of $15.8 million, or 5% from the prior year period, primarily attributable to the impact of quality and operational issues associated with Medihoney and decreases in private label revenues. This is partially offset by growth in Integra Skin, which recovered from prior year supply issues, and Durasorb. Gross margin was $610.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of $22.2 million from $633.0 million for the same period in 2024. Gross margin as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 50.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from 54.2% in the same period in 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, gross margins were impacted by quality and operational issues, which affected both revenue and expenses, as well as higher manufacturing costs. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 gross margins were impacted by impairment charges associated with the Boston recall, Acclarent inventory step up, and expenses associated with quality and operational issues. Operating Expenses The following is a summary of operating expenses as a percent of total revenues: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 2024 Research and development 6.2 % 7.2 % Selling, general and administrative 44.2 % 46.1 % Intangible asset amortization 0.9 % 1.5 % Goodwill Impairment 42.6 % — % Total operating expenses 93.9 % 54.8 % Total operating expenses, which consist of selling, general and administrative expenses, research and development expenses, and amortization expenses, increased by $487.0 million, or 76.1% to $1,127.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $640.2 million in the same period in 2024, primarily driven by goodwill impairment recorded in the second quarter of 2025. Research and Development Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $10.0 million as compared to the same period, primarily attributable to lower spend on EU MDR and cost management initiatives that resulted in lower spend on other research and development projects. Selling, General and Administrative Selling, general and administrative costs decreased by $8.0 million as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by Acclarent acquisition costs incurred in prior year, and cost management initiatives in the current year. Intangible Asset Amortization Amortization expense (excluding amounts reported in cost of product revenues for technology-based intangible assets) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $11.2 million compared to $17.6 million for the same period in the prior year. The decrease is driven by the impairment of customer relationship intangible related to our Boston facility of $7.1 million, which was recorded in the first quarter of 2024. We expect total annual amortization expense to be approximately $26.9 million for the remainder of 2025, $107.6 million in 2026, $106.5 million in 2027, $103.0 million in 2028, $97.7 million in 2029, $91.6 million in 2030 and $447.6 million thereafter. 47 Table of Contents Non-Operating Income and Expenses The following is a summary of non-operating income and expenses: Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 Interest income $ 14,112 $ 15,147 Interest expense (62,582) (51,648) Other (expense) and income, net (2,932) 2,939 Total non-operating expense $ (51,402) $ (33,562) Interest Income Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $1.0 million as compared to the same period in the prior year due to increased investments. Interest Expense Interes t expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $10.9 million as compared to the same period in the prior year primarily due to the impacts of interest rate swaps that have expired and are no longer hedging interest expense in 2025, as well as higher interest rates on the borrowings under the revolving credit facility component of the Senior Credit Facility as compared to the interest rates on the 2025 Notes. Other (Expense) and Income, net Other (expense) and income, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, decreased by $5.9 million as compared to the same period in the prior year, primarily driven by foreign exchange impact. Income Taxes Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 Income before income taxes $ (567,812) $ (40,778) Income tax (benefit) expense (53,042) (14,399) Effective tax rate 9.3 % 35.3 % The Company’s effective income tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were 9.3% and 35.3%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company’s effective tax rate was primarily driven by the goodwill impairment charge, as a portion of the charge is non-deductible for tax, as well as the inclusion of GILTI and the global minimum tax in certain foreign jurisdictions; offset by federal, state, and international tax benefits generated from operating losses and favorable prior year tax return positions. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the tax rate is primarily due to the limitation of foreign tax credits in the U.S. and the limitation of federal tax credits in Switzerland, caused by lower booked income and a $1.9 million shortfall from stock-based compensation. GEOGRAPHIC PRODUCT REVENUES AND OPERATIONS We attribute revenues to geographic areas based on the location of the customer. Total revenue by major geographic area consisted of the following: Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 2025 2024 United States $ 295,846 $ 290,192 $ 884,371 $ 856,646 Europe 42,893 34,368 120,813 116,653 Asia Pacific 42,680 37,052 135,517 132,548 Rest of World 20,643 19,222 59,619 62,034 Total Revenues $ 402,062 $ 380,834 $ 1,200,320 $ 1,167,881 48 Table of Contents We generate significant revenues outside the U.S., a portion of which are U.S. dollar-denominated transactions conducted with customers that generate revenue in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As a result, currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the currencies in which those customers do business could have an impact on the demand for our products in foreign countries. Local economic conditions, regulatory compliance or political considerations, the effectiveness of our sales representatives and distributors, local competition and changes in local medical practice all may combine to affect our sales into markets outside the U.S. The increase in domestic and international revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily related to CSF Management and Dural Access and Repair shipping holds experienced in the third quarter of the prior year. The increase in domestic and international revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was primarily related to the timing of Acclarent acquisition and CSF Management and Dural Access and Repair shipping holds experienced in the prior year. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Working Capital Working capital consists of total current assets less total current liabilities as presented in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s working capital as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $779.5 million and $159.6 million, respectively. The increase in working capital is driven by the repayment of the 2025 Notes, which decreased current liabilities. Cash and Marketable Securities The Company had cash and cash equivalents totaling approximately $232.2 million and $246.4 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which are valued based on Level 1 measurements in the fair value hierarchy . At September 30, 2025, our non-U.S. subsidiaries held approximately $192.8 million of cash and cash equivalents that are available for use outside the U.S. The Company asserts that it has the ability and intends to indefinitely reinvest the undistributed earnings from its foreign operations unless there is no material tax cost to remit the earnings into the U.S. Short-Term Investments The Company had short-term investments, primarily consisting of time deposits, which are valued based on Level 1 measurements in the fair value hierarchy, totaling approximately $35.7 million at September 30, 2025 compared to $27.2 million at December 31, 2024. Cash Flows Nine Months Ended September 30, Dollars in thousands 2025 2024 Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities $ 38,568 $ 78,642 Net cash used in investing activities (73,156) (386,559) Net cash provided by financing activities 3,993 245,013 Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash 16,406 1,659 Cash Flows Provided by or Used in Operating Activities Operating cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased by $40.1 million compared to the same period in 2024. Within operating cash flows, net income less non-cash adjustments decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 by approximately $40.7 million as compared to the same period in 2024 due to the impact of quality and operational issues on revenue and associated costs. The changes in assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, net of business acquisitions, decreased cash flows by $18.4 million, mainly attributable to increases in inventory. The changes in assets and liabilities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net of business acquisitions, decreased cash flows by $19.0 million, mainly attributable to increases in prepaid and other current assets, and inventory, offset by decreases in accounts receivable. Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities Uses of cash from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were $64.2 million paid for capital expenditures to support improvement initiatives at a number of our manufacturing facilities and other technology investments, $8.5 million related to short-term investments, and $0.4 million related to the settlement of our net investment hedges. 49 Table of Contents There were no sources of cash from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Uses of cash from investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $74.8 million paid for capital expenditures to support the investment in the new Braintree facility, as well as improvement initiatives at a number of our manufacturing facilities, and other technology investments, $282.0 million related to the Acclarent acquisition, and $49.0 million related to short-term investments. Sources of cash from investing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $19.3 million for short-term investments converted to cash. Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities Uses of cash from financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 related to the repayments of the 2025 Notes of $575.0 million, as well as $69.8 million of repayments under our Senior Credit Facility and Securitization Facility. In addition, the company paid $16.5 million related to payments of Arkis and SIA contingent consideration, $3.9 million in debt issuance costs and $2.6 million in cash taxes for net equity settlements. Sources of cash from financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were $671.0 million of proceeds from borrowings of long term indebtedness and $1.0 million related to the proceeds from employee stock purchases. Uses of cash from financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 related to the repayments of $147.2 million under our Senior Credit Facility and Securitization Facility, $50.0 million related to the repurchase of treasury stock of under the share repurchase agreements, and $11.9 million related to payment of SIA contingent consideration. In addition, the Company had $3.4 million in cash taxes paid for net equity settlements. Sources of cash from financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $451.1 million of proceeds from borrowings of long-term indebtedness and $6.4 million related to the proceeds from the exercise of stock options. Tariffs and Macroeconomic Environment In April 2025, the U.S. government announced new tariffs on goods imported into the U.S. from dozens of countries, including China and the European Union member states. In response, governments have threatened or imposed reciprocal tariffs or taken other measures, and the United States is in the process of negotiating trade agreements with certain governments. In August 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit ruled against certain of the U.S. tariffs that have been implemented. The U.S. administration has appealed this ruling and the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear the case, with oral arguments anticipated in November 2025. In September 2025, the U.S. Department of Commerce initiated national security investigations into medical equipment, devices, and robotics. The tariff environment has continued to shift throughout the 2025 calendar year, with new measures being proposed, paused, implemented, and countered, contributing to broader trade policy uncertainty. Tariffs could result in an increase in certain product costs or have adverse impacts on, among other things, demand for our products and supply chains. Particularly, the U.S. import tariffs and reciprocal measures by China, are expected to increase the Company’s cost of goods sold. The Company anticipates that some of its suppliers will incur incremental tariff-related costs, which may be passed on to the Company. Approximately half of our global revenue is generated from products manufactured in the United States. In China, which accounts for approximately 5 percent of our total revenue, roughly half of the products we sell are manufactured in the United States. Any tariffs paid have been capitalized in inventory and will be recognized in our cost of goods sold as those products are sold. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company paid approximately $6.7 million and $12.1 million, respectively of tariffs on imported goods. Of this amount, $1.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively, was recognized in cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of operations. The overall macroeconomic and geopolitical environment, including tariffs or changes in trade policies, slower economic growth or recession, market volatility and inflation, and uncertainty regarding all of the foregoing, pose risks that could impact our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. The extent and duration of the tariffs and the resulting impact on general economic conditions and on the business are uncertain and are expected to be impacted by various factors, such as negotiations between the U.S. and affected countries, the responses of other countries or regions, exemptions or exclusions that already exist or may be granted, availability and cost of alternative sources of our products and materials, and our ability to offset the effects of any tariffs that might be imposed. For additional information on the risks that tariffs pose to the Company, please see Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 and Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. 50 Table of Contents Credit Agreement, Convertible Senior Notes, Securitization and Related Hedging Activities See Note 6. Debt , to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for a discussion of our Senior Credit Facility, 2025 Notes, and Securitization Facility and Note 7. Derivative Instruments , to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for discussion of our hedging activities. The Senior Credit Facility is subject to various financial and negative covenants and, at September 30, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants. Our Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio was 4.35, with the covenant requirement at 5.00 at the end of September 30, 2025. As outlined in the table in Note 6. Debt, the covenant requirement will drop from 5.00 to 4.75 for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2026. The 2025 Notes matured on August 15, 2025 and were settled upon maturity for $575.0 million in cash, excluding accrued interest, funded by borrowings on the revolving credit facility component of the Senior Credit Facility. No shares were issued to settle the 2025 Notes. Share Repurchase Plan See Note 11. Treasury Stock , to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for further details of our share repurchase programs. Dividend Policy We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock since our formation. Our Senior Credit Facility limits the amount of dividends that we may pay. Any future determinations to pay cash dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors. Capital Resources We believe that our cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and available borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility are sufficient to finance our operations and capital expenditures for the next twelve months and foreseeable future. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the growth of our business, the timing and introduction of new products and investments, strategic plans and acquisitions, and the potential impact of tariffs on our cost of goods sold and consumer demand for our products, among others. Additional sources of liquidity available to us include short-term borrowings and the issuance of long-term debt and equity securities. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We do not have any off-balance sheet financing arrangements during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 that have or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to our interests. Contractual Obligations and Commitments We will continue to have cash requirements to support seasonal working capital needs and capital expenditures, to pay interest, to service debt, and to fund acquisitions. As part of our ongoing operations, we enter into contractual arrangements that obligate us to make future cash payments. Our primary obligations include principal and interest payments on the revolving credit facility and t erm loan component of the Senior Credit Facility and our Securitization Facility. See Note 6. Debt , to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for details. The Company also leases some of our manufacturing facilities and office buildings which have required future minimum lease payments. See Note 10. Leases and Related Party Leases , to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for a schedule of our future minimum lease payments. Amounts related to the Company’s other obligations, including employment agreements and purchase obligations were not material. The Company has contingent consideration obligations related to prior and current year acquisitions and future pension contribution obligations. See Note 9. Retirement Plans , and Note 16. Commitments and Contingencies , to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for details. The associated obligations are not fixed. The Company also has a liability for uncertain tax benefits including interest and penalties. See Note 12. Income Taxes to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report) for details. The Company cannot make a reliable estimate of the period in which the uncertain tax benefits may be realized. 51 Table of Contents OTHER MATTERS Critical Accounting Estimates We based the discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. The critical accounting estimates discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 did not materially change in the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Recently Issued Accounting Standards Information regarding new accounting pronouncements is included in Note 1. Basis of Presentation , to the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report), and is applicable to the current period’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.