Item 1. Financial Statements
Item 1. Financial Statements
HILTON WORLDWIDE HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except share data)
March 31, December 31,
2025 2024
(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 731 $ 1,301
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
76 75
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ 159 and $ 145
1,575 1,583
Prepaid expenses 234 193
Other
148 120
Total current assets (variable interest entities – $ 69 and $ 71 )
2,764 3,272
Intangibles and Other Assets:
Goodwill
5,049 5,035
Brands
5,000 4,990
Management and franchise contracts, net 1,238 1,235
Other intangible assets, net 194 194
Operating lease right-of-use assets
565 567
Property and equipment, net
420 411
Deferred income tax assets
318 318
Other
495 500
Total intangibles and other assets (variable interest entities – $ 105 and $ 100 )
13,279 13,250
TOTAL ASSETS $ 16,043 $ 16,522
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other
$ 2,160 $ 2,124
Current maturities of long-term debt
535 535
Current portion of deferred revenues
660 664
Current portion of liability for guest loyalty program 1,480 1,377
Total current liabilities (variable interest entities – $ 52 and $ 51 )
4,835 4,700
Long-term debt 10,617 10,616
Operating lease liabilities 728 735
Deferred revenues
1,311 1,300
Deferred income tax liabilities 296 322
Liability for guest loyalty program 1,639 1,597
Other 956 941
Total liabilities (variable interest entities – $ 108 and $ 110 )
20,382 20,211
Commitments and contingencies – see Note 12
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests 16 17
Equity (Deficit):
Common stock, $ 0.01 par value; 10,000,000,000 authorized shares, 238,784,867 outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and 241,806,421 outstanding as of December 31, 2024
3 3
Treasury stock, at cost; 97,751,321 shares as of March 31, 2025 and 94,087,917 shares as of December 31, 2024
( 12,154 ) ( 11,256 )
Additional paid-in capital
11,101 11,130
Accumulated deficit ( 2,559 ) ( 2,822 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
( 769 ) ( 782 )
Total Hilton stockholders' deficit
( 4,378 ) ( 3,727 )
Noncontrolling interests
23 21
Total deficit ( 4,355 ) ( 3,706 )
TOTAL LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND EQUITY (DEFICIT) $ 16,043 $ 16,522
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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HILTON WORLDWIDE HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except per share data)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
Revenues
Franchise and licensing fees $ 625 $ 571
Base and other management fees 88 106
Incentive management fees 72 70
Ownership
234 255
Other revenues 46 50
1,065 1,052
Cost reimbursement revenues
1,630 1,521
Total revenues 2,695 2,573
Expenses
Ownership
239 247
Depreciation and amortization 41 36
General and administrative 94 104
Other expenses 26 30
400 417
Reimbursed expenses
1,759 1,630
Total expenses 2,159 2,047
Gain on sales of assets, net
— 7
Operating income 536 533
Interest expense ( 145 ) ( 131 )
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions
2 ( 1 )
Other non-operating income (loss), net 17 ( 36 )
Income before income taxes 410 365
Income tax expense ( 110 ) ( 97 )
Net income 300 268
Net income attributable to redeemable and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests
— ( 3 )
Net income attributable to Hilton stockholders
$ 300 $ 265
Earnings per share:
Basic $ 1.25 $ 1.05
Diluted $ 1.23 $ 1.04
Cash dividends declared per share $ 0.15 $ 0.15
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
HILTON WORLDWIDE HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in millions)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
Net income $ 300 $ 268
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax benefit (expense):
Currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $ — (1) and $ 4
27 ( 27 )
Pension liability adjustment, net of tax of $( 1 ) and $( 1 )
2 2
Cash flow hedge adjustment, net of tax of $ 5 and $( 2 )
( 15 ) 7
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 14 ( 18 )
Comprehensive income 314 250
Comprehensive income attributable to redeemable and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests ( 1 ) ( 3 )
Comprehensive income attributable to Hilton stockholders
$ 313 $ 247
____________
(1) Amount was less than $1 million.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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HILTON WORLDWIDE HOLDINGS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(unaudited)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
Operating Activities:
Net income $ 300 $ 268
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of contract acquisition costs 14 12
Depreciation and amortization expenses 41 36
Gain on sales of assets, net
— ( 7 )
Loss (gain) on foreign currency transactions
( 2 ) 1
Share-based compensation expense 36 41
Deferred income taxes ( 21 ) ( 30 )
Contract acquisition costs, net of refunds ( 30 ) ( 37 )
Change in deferred revenues 7 31
Change in liability for guest loyalty program 145 109
Working capital changes and other ( 38 ) ( 78 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 452 346
Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures for property and equipment
( 19 ) ( 16 )
Settlements of undesignated derivative financial instruments
( 9 ) —
Proceeds from asset dispositions
— 8
Capitalized software costs ( 21 ) ( 18 )
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates ( 1 ) ( 1 )
Net cash used in investing activities ( 50 ) ( 27 )
Financing Activities:
Borrowings — 1,200
Repayment of debt ( 10 ) ( 209 )
Debt issuance costs — ( 13 )
Dividends paid ( 37 ) ( 39 )
Repurchases of common stock ( 875 ) ( 666 )
Share-based compensation tax withholdings ( 71 ) ( 69 )
Proceeds from share-based compensation 9 20
Settlements of interest rate swap with financing component 10 14
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
( 974 ) 238
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents 3 ( 12 )
Net increase (decrease) in cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents
( 569 ) 545
Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 1,376 875
Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 807 $ 1,420
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. For supplemental disclosures, see Note 13: "Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information."
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HILTON WORLDWIDE HOLDINGS INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
Note 1: Organization and Basis of Presentation
Organization
Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc. (the "Parent," or together with its subsidiaries, "Hilton," "we," "us," "our" or the "Company"), a Delaware corporation, is one of the largest global hospitality companies and is engaged in managing, franchising, owning and leasing hotels and resorts, and licensing its intellectual property ("IP"), including brand names, trademarks and service marks.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 have been prepared in accordance with United States ("U.S.") generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and are unaudited. We have condensed or omitted certain disclosures normally included in annual financial statements presented in accordance with GAAP; however, we believe the disclosures made are adequate to prevent the information presented from being misleading. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we revised the captions of certain financial statement line items presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. The revisions to our condensed consolidated statement of operations included: (i) changing owned and leased hotels revenues and owned and leased hotels expenses to ownership revenues and ownership expenses, respectively; and (ii) changing other revenues from managed and franchised properties and other expenses from managed and franchised properties to cost reimbursement revenues and reimbursed expenses, respectively. The significant accounting policies for revenues and expenses recognized in each respective line item did not change, and prior period amounts are presented on the same basis as amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and, accordingly, ultimate results could differ from those estimates. Additionally, interim results are not necessarily indicative of full year performance. In our opinion, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim periods. All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Note 2: Acquisitions
Graduate by Hilton
In May 2024, we completed the acquisition of the Graduate brand for a total purchase price of $ 210 million, $ 200 million of which we paid in cash upon closing. The remaining amount was included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2025. We accounted for the transaction as an asset acquisition and recorded an indefinite-lived brand intangible asset of $ 122 million and franchise contract intangible assets of $ 91 million.
NoMad
In April 2024, we acquired a controlling financial interest in both Sydell Hotels & Resorts, LLC and Sydell Holding Company UK Ltd (collectively, the "Sydell Group"), which owns the NoMad brand. We accounted for the transaction as a business combination and recognized an indefinite-lived brand intangible asset with a fair value of $ 48 million and management contract intangible assets with an aggregate fair value of $ 8 million.
Our redeemable noncontrolling interests relate to our interest in the Sydell Group. The Sydell Group's governing documents contain put options that give the noncontrolling interest holders the right to sell their equity interests to us beginning in the second quarter of 2030, as well as call options that give us the right to purchase the remaining equity interests beginning in the second quarter of 2032. The exercise price of the put and call options is based on a multiple of the Sydell Group's earnings as of the date that such option would be exercised.
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Note 3: Revenues from Contracts with Customers
Contract Liabilities
The following table summarizes the activity of our contract liabilities, which are classified as components of current and long-term deferred revenues, during the three months ended March 31, 2025:
(in millions)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$ 1,829
Cash received in advance and not recognized as revenue
211
Revenue recognized (1)
( 78 )
Other (2)
( 113 )
Balance as of March 31, 2025
$ 1,849
____________
(1) Primarily related to Hilton Honors, our guest loyalty program, including co-branded credit card arrangements.
(2) Primarily represents the changes in estimated transaction prices for our performance obligations related to the issuance of Hilton Honors points, which had no effect on revenues.
Performance Obligations
As of March 31, 2025, deferred revenues for unsatisfied performance obligations consisted of: (i) $ 1,042 million related to Hilton Honors that will be recognized as revenue over approximately the next two years ; (ii) $ 790 million related to advance consideration received from hotel owners for application, initiation and other fees and system implementation fees; and (iii) $ 17 million related to other obligations. These performance obligations are recognized as revenue as discussed in Note 2: "Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
Note 4: Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we consolidated two variable interest entities ("VIEs") that each lease one hotel property, both of which are located in Japan, and for which the assets are only available to settle the obligations of the respective entities and the liabilities of the respective entities are non-recourse to us. We consolidated these VIEs since we are the primary beneficiary, having the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect their economic performance. Additionally, we have the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits that could be significant to each of the VIEs individually.
Our condensed consolidated balance sheets include the assets and liabilities of these entities, including the effect of foreign currency translation, which primarily comprised the following:
March 31, December 31,
2025 2024
(in millions)
Cash and cash equivalents $ 52 $ 53
Accounts receivable, net 14 16
Property and equipment, net 42 40
Deferred income tax assets 22 21
Other non-current assets 40 39
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other 36 36
Long-term debt (1)
64 65
____________
(1) Represents finance lease liabilities; includes current maturities of $ 14 million and $ 13 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
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Note 5: Debt
Long-term debt balances, including obligations for finance leases, and associated interest rates and maturities as of March 31, 2025, were as follows:
March 31, December 31,
2025 2024
(in millions)
Senior secured term loan facility with a rate of 6.07 %, due 2030
$ 3,119 $ 3,119
Senior notes with a rate of 5.375 %, due 2025 (1)
500 500
Senior notes with a rate of 4.875 %, due 2027 (1)
600 600
Senior notes with a rate of 5.750 %, due 2028 (1)
500 500
Senior notes with a rate of 5.875 %, due 2029 (1)
550 550
Senior notes with a rate of 3.750 %, due 2029 (1)
800 800
Senior notes with a rate of 4.875 %, due 2030 (1)
1,000 1,000
Senior notes with a rate of 4.000 %, due 2031 (1)
1,100 1,100
Senior notes with a rate of 3.625 %, due 2032 (1)
1,500 1,500
Senior notes with a rate of 6.125 %, due 2032 (1)
450 450
Senior notes with a rate of 5.875 %, due 2033 (1)
1,000 1,000
Finance lease liabilities with a weighted average rate of 6.05 %, due 2025 to 2030 (2)
115 117
11,234 11,236
Less: unamortized deferred financing costs and discount
( 82 ) ( 85 )
Less: current maturities of long-term debt (3)
( 535 ) ( 535 )
$ 10,617 $ 10,616
____________
(1) These notes are collectively referred to as the Senior Notes and are jointly and severally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by the Parent and substantially all of its direct and indirect wholly owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, other than Hilton Domestic Operating Company Inc. ("HOC"), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Parent and the issuer of all of the series of Senior Notes.
(2) Includes long-term debt of our consolidated VIEs. Refer to Note 4: "Consolidated Variable Interest Entities" for additional information.
(3) Represents current maturities of finance lease liabilities and the 5.375 % Senior Notes due 2025 (the "May 2025 Senior Notes"). We believe that we have sufficient sources of liquidity and access to debt financing to address the current maturities of long-term debt at or prior to the respective maturity dates.
Our senior secured credit facilities consist of a senior secured revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") and senior secured term loan facilities (the "Term Loans"). The obligations under our senior secured credit facilities are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by the Parent and substantially all of its direct and indirect wholly owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, other than HOC, the named borrower under the senior secured credit facilities.
No borrowings were outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility as of March 31, 2025, which had an available borrowing capacity of $ 1,908 million after considering $ 92 million of outstanding letters of credit.
In April 2025, we issued notice to borrow $ 500 million under the Revolving Credit Facility and plan to use the proceeds, together with available cash, to repay, at maturity, all $ 500 million in aggregate principal amount of the May 2025 Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
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Note 6: Fair Value Measurements
The fair values of certain financial instruments and the hierarchy level we used to estimate the fair values are shown below:
March 31, 2025
Hierarchy Level
Carrying Value (1)
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(in millions)
Assets:
Interest rate swap $ 33 $ — $ 33 $ —
Liabilities:
Long-term debt (2)
11,119 7,618 — 3,135
December 31, 2024
Hierarchy Level
Carrying Value (1)
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
(in millions)
Assets:
Interest rate swap $ 45 $ — $ 45 $ —
Liabilities:
Long-term debt (2)
11,119 7,560 — 3,140
____________
(1) The fair values of cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents approximate their carrying values due to their short-term maturities. The fair values of all other financial instruments not included in these tables are estimated to be equal to their carrying values.
(2) The carrying values and fair values exclude the deduction for unamortized deferred financing costs and any applicable discounts, as well as all finance lease liabilities; refer to Note 5: "Debt" for additional information.
We measured our interest rate swap at fair value, which was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis that reflects the contractual terms of the interest rate swap, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs of similar instruments, including interest rate curves, as applicable.
Note 7: Income Taxes
At the end of each quarter, we estimate the effective income tax rate expected to be applied for the full year. The effective income tax rate is determined by the level and composition of income (loss) before income taxes, which is subject to federal, state, local and foreign income taxes.
Note 8: Share-Based Compensation
Our share-based compensation primarily consists of awards that we grant to eligible employees under the Hilton 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the "2017 Plan") and includes time-vesting restricted stock units ("RSUs"), nonqualified stock options ("options") and performance-vesting RSUs ("performance shares"). We recognized share-based compensation expense of $ 36 million and $ 41 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which included amounts reimbursed by hotel owners.
RSUs
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we granted 376,000 RSUs with a grant date fair value per share of $ 259.10 , which vest in equal annual installments over two or three years from the date of grant.
Options
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we granted 204,000 options with an exercise price per share of $ 259.10 , which vest in equal annual installments over three years from the date of grant and terminate 10 years from the date of grant or earlier if the individual’s service terminates under certain circumstances.
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The grant date fair value per share of the options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $ 93.02 , which was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
Expected volatility (1)
28.63 %
Dividend yield (2)
0.24 %
Risk-free rate (3)
4.20 %
Expected term (in years) (4)
6.0
____________
(1) Estimated using a blended approach of historical and implied volatility. Historical volatility is based on the historical movement of Hilton's stock price for a period that corresponds to the expected term of the option.
(2) Estimated based on the expected quarterly dividend and the three-month average stock price at the date of grant.
(3) Based on the yield of a U.S. Department of Treasury instrument with a similar expected term of the options at the date of grant.
(4) Estimated using the midpoint of the vesting period and the contractual term of the options as we do not have sufficient historical share option exercise data to estimate the term of the options.
Performance Shares
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we granted 147,000 performance shares with a grant date fair value per share of $ 259.10 , which vest three years from the date of grant based on the achievement of various performance measures.
As of March 31, 2025, we determined that all of the performance measures for all outstanding performance shares granted in 2023, 2024 and 2025 were probable of achievement, with the average of the applicable achievement factors estimated to be between the target and maximum achievement percentages for the performance shares granted in 2023, nearly at the target achievement percentage for performance shares granted in 2024 and at the target achievement percentage for the performance shares granted in 2025.
Note 9: Earnings Per Share
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS"):
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
(in millions,
except per share amounts)
Basic EPS:
Numerator:
Net income attributable to Hilton stockholders
$ 300 $ 265
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding 240 252
Basic EPS $ 1.25 $ 1.05
Diluted EPS:
Numerator:
Net income attributable to Hilton stockholders
$ 300 $ 265
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding (1)
243 255
Diluted EPS $ 1.23 $ 1.04
____________
(1) Amounts for both periods include less than 1 million shares related to share-based compensation that were excluded from the calculations of diluted EPS because their effect would have been anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method.
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Note 10: Noncontrolling Interests, Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following tables present the changes in the redeemable and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests and the components of stockholders' equity (deficit) attributable to Hilton stockholders:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests Treasury Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Common Stock Noncontrolling
Interests Total Deficit
Shares Amount
(in millions)
(in millions)
Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 17 241.8 $ 3 $ ( 11,256 ) $ 11,130 $ ( 2,822 ) $ ( 782 ) $ 21 $ ( 3,706 )
Net income (loss)
( 1 ) — — — — 300 — 1 301
Other comprehensive income
— — — — — — 13 1 14
Dividends
— — — — — ( 37 ) — — ( 37 )
Repurchases of common stock
— ( 3.7 ) — ( 898 ) — — — — ( 898 )
Share-based compensation
— 0.7 — — ( 29 ) — — — ( 29 )
Balance as of March 31, 2025 $ 16 238.8 $ 3 $ ( 12,154 ) $ 11,101 $ ( 2,559 ) $ ( 769 ) $ 23 $ ( 4,355 )
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Treasury Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital Accumulated Deficit Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Common Stock Noncontrolling
Interests Total Deficit
Shares Amount
(in millions)
Balance as of December 31, 2023 253.5 $ 3 $ ( 8,393 ) $ 10,968 $ ( 4,207 ) $ ( 731 ) $ 13 $ ( 2,347 )
Net income — — — — 265 — 3 268
Other comprehensive loss
— — — — — ( 18 ) — ( 18 )
Dividends — — — — ( 39 ) — — ( 39 )
Repurchases of common stock
( 3.4 ) — ( 667 ) — — — — ( 667 )
Share-based compensation
0.9 — — ( 14 ) — — — ( 14 )
Balance as of March 31, 2024 251.0 $ 3 $ ( 9,060 ) $ 10,954 $ ( 3,981 ) $ ( 749 ) $ 16 $ ( 2,817 )
The changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, were as follows:
Currency Translation Adjustment (1)
Pension Liability Adjustment (2)
Cash Flow Hedge Adjustment (3)
Total
(in millions)
Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ ( 591 ) $ ( 240 ) $ 49 $ ( 782 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
26 — ( 4 ) 22
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
— 2 ( 11 ) ( 9 )
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
26 2 ( 15 ) 13
Balance as of March 31, 2025 $ ( 565 ) $ ( 238 ) $ 34 $ ( 769 )
11
Currency Translation Adjustment (1)
Pension Liability Adjustment (2)
Cash Flow Hedge Adjustment (3)
Total
(in millions)
Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ ( 539 ) $ ( 262 ) $ 70 $ ( 731 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
( 27 ) — 20 ( 7 )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
— 2 ( 13 ) ( 11 )
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
( 27 ) 2 7 ( 18 )
Balance as of March 31, 2024 $ ( 566 ) $ ( 260 ) $ 77 $ ( 749 )
____________
(1) Includes net investment hedge gains and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term investment nature.
(2) Amounts reclassified relate to the amortization of prior service cost and amortization of net loss and were recognized in other non-operating income (loss), net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
(3) Amounts reclassified were the result of hedging instruments, primarily comprising interest rate swaps, with related amounts recognized in interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Amounts reclassified also related to foreign currency forward contracts that hedge our foreign currency denominated fees, with related amounts recognized in various revenue line items, as applicable, in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Note 11: Business Segments
We are a hospitality company with operations organized in two distinct operating segments: (i) management and franchise and (ii) ownership, each of which is reported as a segment based on (a) delivering a similar set of products and services and
(b) being managed separately given its distinct economic characteristics.
The management and franchise segment includes all of the hotels we manage for third-party owners, as well as all properties that license our IP, and/or use our booking channels and related programs, and where we provide other contracted services, but the day-to-day services of the hotels are operated or managed by someone other than us. Revenues from this segment include: (i) management and franchise fees charged to third-party hotel owners; (ii) licensing fees from our strategic partners, including co-branded credit card providers and third-party hotels we do not manage or franchise but that use our booking channels and related programs ("strategic partner hotels"), and Hilton Grand Vacations Inc. ("HGV"); and (iii) fees for managing the hotels in our ownership segment. The ownership segment primarily derives revenues from nightly hotel room sales, food and beverage sales and other services at our consolidated hotels.
Our President and Chief Executive Officer is our chief operating decision maker ("CODM"). Our CODM uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the performance of our operating segments. Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as net income (loss), excluding interest expense, a provision for income tax benefit (expense) and depreciation and amortization expenses, as well as gains, losses, revenues and expenses in connection with: (i) asset dispositions for both consolidated and unconsolidated investments; (ii) foreign currency transactions; (iii) debt restructurings and retirements; (iv) furniture, fixtures and equipment ("FF&E") replacement reserves required under certain lease agreements; (v) share-based compensation; (vi) reorganization, severance, relocation and other expenses; (vii) non-cash impairment; (viii) amortization of contract acquisition costs; (ix) cost reimbursement revenues and reimbursed expenses; and (x) other items. Our CODM uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the trends of our segments over time and monitor the segments in light of the performance of our industry and competitors to determine how to allocate capital resources, including contract acquisition costs and capital expenditures. Our CODM does not use assets by operating segment when assessing performance or making operating segment resource allocations. We previously were required to report segment profitability based on segment operating income (loss) as such measure was also regularly provided to our CODM. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2024, segment operating income (loss) was no longer included in regular reporting provided to the CODM, and, as a result, our reported measure of segment profit (loss) changed to Adjusted EBITDA. The change in our reported measure of segment profit (loss) did not change the identification of our reportable segments from prior periods. Prior period amounts presented are measured on the same basis as amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
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The following table presents revenues for our reportable segments, reconciled to consolidated amounts:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
(in millions)
Franchise and licensing fees $ 631 $ 576
Base and other management fees (1)
101 119
Incentive management fees 72 70
Management and franchise 804 765
Ownership 234 255
Segment revenues 1,038 1,020
Amortization of contract acquisition costs ( 14 ) ( 12 )
Other revenues 46 50
Cost reimbursement revenues
1,630 1,521
Intersegment fees elimination (1)
( 5 ) ( 6 )
Total revenues $ 2,695 $ 2,573
____________
(1) Includes management, royalty and IP fees charged to consolidated hotels in our ownership segment by our management and franchise segment, which were eliminated in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
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The following table presents Adjusted EBITDA for our reportable segments, reconciled to consolidated income before income taxes:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
2025 2024
(in millions)
Management and franchise (1)(2)
$ 804 $ 765
Ownership (1)(2)
8 15
Segment Adjusted EBITDA
812 780
Corporate and other (3)
( 17 ) ( 30 )
Interest expense ( 145 ) ( 131 )
Depreciation and amortization expenses ( 41 ) ( 36 )
Gain on sales of assets, net — 7
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions 2 ( 1 )
Loss on debt guarantees (4)
— ( 47 )
FF&E replacement reserves ( 13 ) ( 11 )
Share-based compensation expense ( 36 ) ( 41 )
Amortization of contract acquisition costs ( 14 ) ( 12 )
Cost reimbursement revenues (5)
1,630 1,521
Reimbursed expenses (5)
( 1,759 ) ( 1,630 )
Other adjustments (6)
( 9 ) ( 4 )
Income before income taxes $ 410 $ 365
____________
(1) Includes management, royalty and IP fees charged to consolidated hotels in our ownership segment by our management and franchise segment, which were eliminated in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
(2) No expenses are allocated to the management and franchise segment. For the ownership segment, rent expense is the significant expense regularly provided to the CODM; rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $ 41 million and $ 42 million, respectively, and total other expenses were $ 186 million and $ 200 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, comprising (i) room expenses; (ii) food and beverage costs; (iii) property expenses; and (iv) other support costs. Ownership segment Adjusted EBITDA also includes income (loss) from hotels owned or leased by entities in which we own a noncontrolling financial interest.
(3) Amounts primarily include general and administrative expenses, excluding share-based compensation expense, and expenses related to our purchasing operations.
(4) Amount includes losses on debt guarantees for certain hotels that we manage; refer to Note 12: "Commitments and Contingencies" for additional information.
(5) Amounts include results from the operation of programs conducted for the benefit of property owners and exclude cash receipts recorded as deferred revenues on our condensed consolidated balance sheets related to these programs. Under the terms of the related contracts, we do not operate these programs to generate a profit and have contractual rights to adjust future collections to recover prior period expenditures.
(6) Amount for the three months ended March 31, 2025 includes restructuring costs related to one of our leased properties. Amount for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily relates to transaction costs incurred for acquisitions. Amounts for both periods include net losses (gains) related to certain of our investments in unconsolidated affiliates, severance and other items.
Note 12: Commitments and Contingencies
Although we include performance clauses in certain of our management contracts, most of these clauses do not require us to fund shortfalls but instead allow the owner to terminate the contract if specified operating performance levels are not achieved. In limited cases, we are obligated to fund performance shortfalls and our obligations under these guarantees in future periods are dependent on the operating performance level of the related hotel over the remaining term of the performance guarantee for that hotel. As of March 31, 2025, we had performance guarantees with expirations ranging from 2025 to 2043 and possible cash outlays totaling $ 23 million.
We also have extended debt guarantees and provided letters of credit to owners of certain hotels that we currently or in the future will manage or franchise. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized $ 47 million of losses in other non-operating loss, net in our condensed consolidated statement of operations and paid $ 62 million for debt guarantees extended to certain hotels we manage. Our debt guarantees and letters of credit as of March 31, 2025 had expirations ranging from 2031 to 2033 and remaining possible cash outlays totaling $ 45 million.
The performance and debt guarantees create variable interests in the ownership entities of the related hotels, of which we are not the primary beneficiary.
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We receive program fees from property owners and strategic partners that are used to operate our Hilton Honors program, marketing, sales and brands programs and other shared services on behalf of property owners. If we collect amounts in excess of amounts expended, we have a commitment to spend these amounts on the related programs.
We are involved in various claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business, some of which include claims for substantial sums. While the ultimate results of claims and litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, we expect that the ultimate resolution of all pending or threatened claims and litigation as of March 31, 2025 will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Note 13: Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
Cash interest paid included within operating activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows was $ 146 million and $ 120 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. These amounts exclude $ 10 million and $ 14 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, of cash receipts related to settlements of our interest rate swap with a financing component, which are separately disclosed within financing activities in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
Income tax payments, net of refunds received, were $ 29 million and $ 18 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
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