Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations
References in this report (this “Quarterly
Report”) to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Redwoods Acquisition Corp. References to our
“management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis
of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed financial
statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis
set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report includes “forward-looking
statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are not historical facts and involve
risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected and projected. All statements, other
than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report, including, without limitation, statements in this “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the search for an initial business combination,
the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking
statements. Words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,”
“seek” and variations and similar words and expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking
statements relate to future events or future performance, but reflect management’s current beliefs, based on information currently
available. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and
results discussed in the forward-looking statements. For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the Risk Factors section of the Company’s
final prospectus for its initial public offering filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s
filings with the SEC can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable
securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result
of new information, future events or otherwise.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated in Delaware
on March 16, 2021. We were formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization,
reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more target businesses, which we refer to herein as our “initial
business combination.” Our efforts to identify a prospective target business are not limited to any particular industry or geographic
region, although we intend to focus on the carbon neutral and energy storage industries. We intend to utilize cash derived from the proceeds
of our initial public offering (“IPO” as defined below) and the private placement of Private Units (as defined below), our
securities, debt or a combination of cash, securities and debt, in effecting our initial business combination.
The issuance of additional shares of capital stock
in connection with our initial business combination:
● may
significantly dilute the equity interest of our stockholders who would not have pre-emption rights in respect of any such issuance;
● may
subordinate the rights of holders of shares of common stock if we issue shares of preferred stock with rights senior to those afforded
to our shares of common stock;
● could
cause a change in control if a substantial number of our shares of common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our
ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present officers
and directors;
● may
have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of us by diluting the stock ownership or voting rights of a person seeking
to obtain control of us; and
● may
adversely affect prevailing market prices for our securities.
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Similarly, if we issue debt securities or otherwise
incur significant debt, it could result in:
● default
and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after an initial business combination are insufficient to repay our debt obligations;
● acceleration
of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we make all principal and interest payments when due if we breach certain covenants
that require the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant;
● our
immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt security is payable on demand;
● our
inability to obtain necessary additional financing if the debt security contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain such financing
while the debt security is outstanding;
● using
a substantial portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on our debt, which will reduce the funds available for dividends
on our common stock if declared, our ability to pay expenses, make capital expenditures and acquisitions, and fund other general corporate
purposes;
● limitations
on our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in our business and in the industry in which we operate;
● increased
vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions and adverse changes in government regulation;
and
● limitations
on our ability to borrow additional amounts for expenses, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, execution of
our strategy, and other purposes and other disadvantages compared to our competitors who have less debt.
We expect to continue to incur significant costs
in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete an initial business combination will be successful.
Results of Operations
We have neither engaged in any operations nor
generated any operating revenues to date. Our only activities through March 31, 2023 were organizational activities and those necessary
to prepare for our IPO, which is described below, and subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for an initial business combination.
We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial business combination. We generate non-operating
income in the form of interest income on cash and cash equivalents held in the Trust Account, which is described below. There has been
no significant change in our financial or trading position and no material adverse change has occurred since the date of our audited financial
statements. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance),
as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, an initial business combination.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we had
net income of $1,120,611 which consisted of general and administrative expenses of $293,654, franchise tax of $32,100, increase in fair
value of warrant liabilities of $10,600, change in fair value of convertible promissory notes of $462,670 and income tax expense of $255,773,
offset by interest earned on the investments held in the Trust Account of $1,250,067. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, we had
a net loss of $5,010, all of which were derived from general and administrative expenses.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
On April 4, 2022, we completed our initial public
offering (“IPO”) of 10,000,000 units (the “Public Units”), at $10.00 per Public Unit, generating gross proceeds
of $100,000,000. Each Public Unit consisted of one share of common stock, par value $0.0001, one redeemable warrant and one right to receive
one-tenth (1/10) of a share of common stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination. Simultaneously with the closing
of the IPO, we completed the sale of 477,500 units (the “Private Units”) in a private placement, at a price of $10.00 per
Private Unit, generating gross proceeds of $4,775,000. The Private Units are identical to the Public Units sold in the IPO, except that
the private warrants will be non-redeemable and may be exercised on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they continue to be held
by their initial purchasers or their permitted transferees.
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We granted the underwriters in the IPO a 45-day
option to purchase up to 1,500,000 additional Public Units to cover over-allotments, if any. On April 7, 2022, the underwriters exercised
the over-allotment option in full and purchased an additional 1,500,000 Public Units (the “Over-Allotment Units”), at a price
of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds of $15,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the exercise of the over-allotment option,
we consummated the sale of 52,500 Private Units (the “Over-Allotment Private Units”) in a private placement, at a purchase
price of $10.00 per Private Unit, generating gross proceeds of $525,000.
Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, we
issued to Chardan Capital Markets, LLC (“Chardan”), the representative of the underwriters, for an aggregate of $100.00, an
option (the “UPO”) to purchase up to 345,000 units. The UPO is exercisable at any time, in whole or in part, commencing on
the later of the consummation of the initial business combination and six months from the date of the prospectus for the IPO and expiring
on the fifth anniversary of the date of the prospectus, at a price of $11.50 per unit.
Following the IPO and the private placement (including
the Over-Allotment Units and the Over-Allotment Private Units), a total of $116,150,000 was placed in a trust account located in the United
States established for the benefit of the Company’s public stockholders (the “Trust Account”). We incurred $8,365,339
of transaction costs, consisting of $2,875,000 of underwriting fees, $4,312,500 of deferred underwriting fees (payable only upon completion
of an initial business combination) and $1,177,839 of other offering costs.
On March 31, 2023, we held a special meeting of stockholders,
at which the Company’s stockholders approved (i) an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation
(the “Extension Amendment”) and (ii) an amendment (the “Trust Amendment”) to the Investment Management Trust Agreement,
dated March 30, 2022, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as trustee, extending the date by
which the Company must consummate a business combination from April 4, 2023 to July 4, 2023, with the ability to further extend the deadline
on a monthly basis up to five times from July 4, 2023 to December 4, 2023. In connection with the stockholders’ vote at the special
meeting, an aggregate of 6,103,350 shares of the Company’s common stock were tendered for redemption representing a total redemption
amount of $63,169,451 (or $10.35 per share).
As a result of the approval of the Extension Amendment
and the Trust Amendment, Redwoods Capital LLC, or any of its affiliates or designees, agreed to deposit into the Trust Account $360,000
for the initial three-month extension and $120,000 per month for each subsequent one-month extension. The extension payment(s) will bear
no interest and will be repayable by the Company to the contributors upon consummation of an initial business combination. The loans will
be forgiven by the contributors if the Company is unable to consummate an initial business combination except to the extent of any funds
held outside of the Trust Account.
As of March 31, 2023, we had marketable securities
held in the Trust Account of $119,416,545 consisting of securities held in a treasury trust fund that invests in U.S. “government
securities,” within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less.
Interest income on the balance in the Trust Account may be used by us to pay taxes. Through March 31, 2023, we did not withdraw any interest
earned on the Trust Account to pay our taxes. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, to acquire a
target business and to pay our expenses relating thereto. To the extent that our capital stock is used in whole or in part as consideration
to effect a Business Combination, the remaining funds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations
of the target business. Such working capital funds could be used in a variety of ways including continuing or expanding the target business’
operations, for strategic acquisitions and for marketing, research and development of existing or new products. Such funds could also
be used to repay any operating expenses or finders’ fees which we had incurred prior to the completion of our Business Combination
if the funds available to us outside of the Trust Account were insufficient to cover such expenses.
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As of March 31, 2023, the Company had cash of $117,985 and a working
capital deficit of $598,362 (excluding redemptions payable to public stockholders and income tax and franchise tax payable as these amounts
will be paid out of the Trust Account). On March 22 and March 30, 2023, the Sponsor provided a loan of up to $150,000 and $360,000, respectively,
to be used, in part, for transaction costs related to the Business Combination. Until consummation of the Business Combination, we intend
to use the funds held outside the Trust Account for identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, performing business
due diligence on prospective target businesses, traveling to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses,
reviewing corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, selecting the target business to acquire and structuring,
negotiating and consummating the Business Combination. If our estimate of the costs of identifying a target business, undertaking in-depth
due diligence and negotiating a Business Combination are less than the actual amount necessary to do so, we may have insufficient funds
available to operate our business prior to our Business Combination. In this event, our officers, directors or their affiliates may, but
are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we consummate an initial Business Combination, we would repay such loaned amounts
out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to us upon consummation of the Business Combination. In the event that a Business Combination
does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts, but no proceeds
from our Trust Account would be used for such repayment. The terms of such loans by our initial shareholders, officers and directors,
if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans.
The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant
professional costs to remain as a publicly traded company and to incur significant transaction costs in pursuit of the consummation of
a Business Combination. If the Company is unable to complete the Business Combination because it does not have sufficient funds available,
the Company will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following the Business Combination, if cash
on hand is insufficient, the Company may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet its obligations. In connection with the
Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards
Update (“ASU”) 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,”
the Company has until July 4, 2023 (or December 4, 2023, if the Company extends the time to complete a Business Combination) to complete
a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business
Combination is not consummated by such date and an extension has not been requested by the Sponsor and approved by the Company’s
stockholders, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the Company. Management has determined that the date
for liquidation and subsequent dissolution as well as liquidity concerns raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to
continue as a going concern. The financial statement does not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no obligations, assets or liabilities,
which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2023. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships
with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established
for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements,
established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.
Contractual Obligations
Convertible Promissory Notes – Related Party
On March 22, 2023, we issued an unsecured, non-interest
bearing promissory note in the principal amount of up to $150,000 to the Sponsor. The promissory note is payable upon the closing of the
Business Combination or the liquidation of the Company. The holder of the promissory note, in its sole discretion, may convert any or
all of the unpaid principal under the promissory note into private units of the Company, at a price of $10.00 per unit, upon consummation
of the Business Combination.
On March 30, 2023, we issued an unsecured, non-interest
bearing promissory note in the principal amount of up to $360,000 to the Sponsor. The promissory note is payable upon the closing of the
Business Combination or the liquidation of the Company. The holder of the promissory note, in its sole discretion, may convert any or
all of the unpaid principal under the promissory note into private units of the Company, at a price of $10.00 per unit, upon consummation
of the Business Combination.
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Registration Rights
The holders of our insider shares, as well as
the holders of the private units, the securities underlying the unit purchase option and any securities our insiders, officers, directors
or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans made to us (and any shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise
of the underlying private warrants and any shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the underlying the private rights), will
be entitled to registration rights pursuant to registration rights agreement. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled
to make up to two demands (or one demand with respect to the securities underlying the unit purchase option) that we register such securities.
The holders of the majority of the insider shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months
prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the private units
and units issued in payment of working capital loans made to us can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing
on the date that we consummate our initial business combination. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration
rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our consummation of our initial business combination. We will bear
the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Administrative Services Agreement
We have entered into an administrative services
agreement pursuant to which we will pay the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month (subject to deferral as described herein) for office
space, utilities, secretarial and administrative support services. Upon completion of our initial business combination or our liquidation,
we will cease paying these monthly fees.
Underwriting Agreement
Pursuant to an underwriting agreement in connection
with the IPO, the underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of $0.25 per unit, or $2,875,000 in the aggregate, upon the closing
of the IPO and full exercise of the over-allotment option. In addition, $0.375 per unit, or $4,312,500 in the aggregate, will be payable
to the underwriters for deferred underwriting commissions. The deferred commissions will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts
held in the Trust Account solely in the event that we complete an initial business combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting
agreement.
Right of First Refusal
Subject to certain conditions, we granted Chardan,
for a period of 18 months after the date of the consummation of our initial business combination, a right of first refusal to act as a
book-running manager or placement agent, with at least 30% of the economics, for any and all future public and private equity, equity
linked and debt offerings by us or any of our successors or subsidiaries. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(6)(A), such right of first
refusal shall not have a duration of more than three years from the commencement of sales of this offering.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of unaudited condensed financial
statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual
results could materially differ from those estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:
Investments Held in Trust Account
As of March 31, 2023, the assets held in the Trust
Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company classifies its U.S. Treasury securities as trading securities in accordance
with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 320, “Investments—Debt
and Equity Securities.” Trading securities are presented on the balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period.
Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities is included in gain on investments held in Trust Account
in the accompanying statement of operations. The estimated fair values of all assets held in the Trust Account are determined using available
market information and classified as Level 1 measurements.
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements
and Disclosures” defines fair value, the methods used to measure fair value and the expanded disclosures about fair value measurements.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between the
buyer and the seller at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the valuation techniques consistent with the market approach,
income approach and cost approach shall be used to measure fair value. FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs,
which represent the assumptions used by the buyer and seller in pricing the asset or liability. These inputs are further defined as observable
and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are those that buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market
data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that
the buyer and seller would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy is categorized into three
levels based on the inputs as follows:
Level 1 —
Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not being applied. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these securities does not entail a significant degree of judgment.
Level 2 —
Valuations based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets, (iii) inputs other than quoted prices for the assets or liabilities, or (iv) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market through correlation or other means.
Level 3 —
Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.
The fair value of the Company’s certain
assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,”
approximates the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other
current assets, accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31,
2022 due to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 to unaudited condensed financial statements for the disclosure of the
Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
The fair value of the Company’s certain assets
and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” approximates
the carrying amounts represented in the consolidated balance sheet. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets,
accrued expenses, due to sponsor are estimated to approximate the carrying values as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due
to the short maturities of such instruments. See Note 9 for the disclosure of the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured
at fair value on a recurring basis.
Convertible Promissory Note
The Company
accounts for their convertible promissory notes under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Under ASC
815-15-25, the election can be at the inception of a financial instrument to account for the instrument under the fair value option under
ASC 825. The Company has made such election for their convertible promissory notes. Using the fair value option, each convertible promissory
note is required to be recorded at its initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in
the estimated fair value of the notes are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations.
Warrants
The Company accounts for warrants (Public Warrants
or Private Warrants) as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific
terms and applicable authoritative guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification
(“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging
(“ASC 815”). The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480,
meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification
under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own common shares and whether the warrant holders
could potentially require “net cash settlement” in a circumstance outside of the Company’s control, among other conditions
for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance
and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.
For issued or modified warrants that meet all
of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of equity at the time of issuance.
For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded
as liabilities at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair
value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statements of operations. The Company has elected to account
for its Public Warrants as equity and the Private Warrants as liabilities.
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Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption
We account for our common stock subject to possible
conversion in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities
from Equity.” Common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally
redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject
to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times,
common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. Our common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be
outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, common stock subject to possible redemption
is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of our condensed balance sheets.
We recognize changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable common stock to equal
the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of shares of redeemable common
stock are affected by charges against additional paid in capital or accumulated deficit if additional paid in capital equals to zero.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure
requirements of FASB ASC 260, Earnings Per Share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the redeemable shares
and non-redeemable shares, the Company first considered the undistributed income (loss) allocable to both the redeemable shares and non-redeemable
shares and the undistributed income (loss) is calculated using the total net loss less any dividends paid. We then allocated the undistributed
income (loss) ratably based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding between the redeemable and non-redeemable shares. Any
re-measurement of the accretion to redemption value of the common shares subject to possible redemption was considered to be dividends
paid to the public shareholders.
Offering Costs
Offering costs were consisting principally of
underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the IPO and were charged
to stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO. The Company allocates offering costs between public shares and public rights
based on the relative fair values of public shares and public rights.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
As a smaller reporting company, we are not required
to make disclosures under this Item.
Text extracted from the filing as submitted to EDGAR. Formatting, tables and exhibits are simplified for reading; the original document is authoritative for anything you rely on.