First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. 10-K

Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data EisnerAmper LLP Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiary (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income (loss), changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the Audit Committee and that: (i) related to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. Allowance for Credit Losses The Company’s loans held for investment portfolio totaled $2.07 billion as of December 31, 2025, and the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) on loans held for investment was $40.8 million. The Company’s unfunded loan commitments totaled $251.1 million as of December 31, 2025, and the reserve for unfunded commitments was $700,000. These amounts are included in the ACL and reserve for unfunded commitments. As more fully described in Notes 1 and 6 to the Company’s financial statements, the Company estimates its exposure to expected credit losses as of the balance sheet date, for existing financial instruments held at amortized cost, and off-balance sheet exposures, such as unfunded loan commitments, letters of credit and other financial guarantees that are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The Company measures expected credit losses of financial assets on a collective (pool) basis when the financial assets share similar risk characteristics. Loans that do not share risk characteristics with a segment are evaluated individually. We identified the valuation of the ACL as a critical audit matter, as the determination of the ACL requires management to exercise significant judgment and could have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. Management must consider numerous subjective factors, including determining portfolio segmentation, qualitative factors used to adjust the calculated allowance for credit losses, loan credit risk grading and identifying loans requiring individual evaluation among others. As disclosed by management, different assumptions and conditions could result in a materially different amount for the estimate of the ACL. As such, there is a high degree of auditor judgment and subjectivity, and significant audit effort was required in performing procedures in auditing the ACL. Addressing the critical audit matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the financial statements. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included: • Obtained an understanding of the Company's process for establishing the ACL, including determination of the qualitative factors and reserve assumptions for loans evaluated on an individual basis, and evaluated the process utilized by management to challenge the model results and determine the best estimate of the ACL as of the balance sheet date; • Evaluated the design and tested the implementation of controls associated with the ACL process including: ◦ reliability and accuracy of data used in the model, ◦ management’s review and approval of the selected qualitative factors, ◦ classifications of loans by loan segment, ◦ identification of problem loans, -72- ◦ risk rating grades assigned to loans, and ◦ management’s review and approval of the ACL; • Evaluated the appropriateness of the models and methodologies used in quantitative calculations; • Tested the completeness and accuracy of data used in the estimate; • Evaluated if qualitative factors were applied based on a comprehensive framework and compared to the adjustments utilized by management to both internal portfolio metrics and external macroeconomic data (as applicable) to support adjustments and evaluate trends in such adjustments based on independently obtained forecasts; • Verified historical net loss; • Performed loan reviews in order to evaluate the accuracy of loan credit ratings and reasonableness of specific reserves on individually evaluated loans; and • Evaluated the disclosures in the financial statements. Identification of Adverse Conditions and Events Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2025 was $56.0 million, primarily resulting from the goodwill impairment charge of $12.9 million and provision for credit losses of $81.7 million. The Company’s non-performing assets, which consist of non-performing loans and other real estate owned, were $95.5 million, or 2.34% of total assets as of December 31, 2025. Management is required to evaluate whether relevant conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, indicate that it is probable the Company will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due and maintain satisfactory regulatory capital within one year after the date the financial statements are issued. This evaluation involved significant judgment taking into consideration forward‑looking analyses, including liquidity and capital stress testing, which assessed the Company’s ability to meet its obligations under certain adverse conditions such as accelerated deposit outflows, constrained access to secondary liquidity sources, and elevated credit losses within the criticized loan portfolio. The evaluation of the Company’s ability to meet its obligations, including stress scenarios, required significant judgement with respect to the assumptions associated with depositor behavior, availability of funding sources, and regulatory capital requirements. Addressing this matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included: • Evaluated management’s identification of relevant adverse conditions and events known and reasonably knowable as of the financial statement issuance date that could affect the Company’s ability to meet its obligations and maintain satisfactory regulatory capital within the assessment period; • Obtained an understanding of the Company’s process for developing its stress testing models and evaluated the results of the model validation performed by a third-party management specialist engaged by management; • Evaluated the reasonableness of key assumptions used in management’s liquidity and capital stress testing, including assumptions related to deposit runoff and stability, projected credit losses, borrowing capacity, availability and terms of secondary liquidity sources, and compliance with regulatory capital and liquidity thresholds under various stress scenarios; • Performed independent stress analyses to assess the sensitivity of management’s liquidity and capital projections under further downside scenarios; and • Evaluated management’s liquidity forecasts, including assessments of expected depositor behavior, anticipated cash inflows and outflows, and the impact of projected losses on regulatory capital ratios. /s/ EisnerAmper LLP We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2025. Metairie, Louisiana March 31, 2026 -73- Griffith, DeLaney, Hillman & Lett, CPAs, PSC Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and Board of Directors First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiary (First Guaranty) as of December 31, 2024, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of First Guaranty as of December 31, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinions These financial statements are the responsibility of First Guaranty’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on First Guaranty’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to First Guaranty in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. We served as First Guaranty's auditor from 2022 to 2025. Ashland, Kentucky March 31, 2026 -74- FIRST GUARANTY BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share data) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Assets Cash and cash equivalents: Cash and due from banks $ 845,150 $ 563,778 Federal funds sold 551 430 Cash and cash equivalents 845,701 564,208 Interest-earning time deposits with banks 250 250 Investment securities: Available for sale, at fair value (cost of $ 674,139 and $ 284,321 , respectively) 676,592 281,097 Held to maturity, at cost and net of allowance for credit losses of $ 150 (estimated fair value of $ 268,094 and $ 251,458 , respectively) 322,675 321,622 Investment securities 999,267 602,719 Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost 10,206 9,706 Loans, net of unearned income 2,069,802 2,693,780 Less: allowance for credit losses 40,755 34,811 Net loans 2,029,047 2,658,969 Premises and equipment, net 59,585 67,789 Goodwill — 12,900 Intangible assets, net 2,638 3,474 Other real estate, net 35,084 319 Accrued interest receivable 12,455 14,850 Other assets 84,088 37,544 Total Assets $ 4,078,321 $ 3,972,728 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Deposits: Noninterest-bearing demand $ 414,604 $ 404,056 Interest-bearing demand 1,165,061 1,387,068 Savings 213,936 234,444 Time 1,839,276 1,450,692 Total deposits 3,632,877 3,476,260 Repurchase agreements 7,119 7,009 Accrued interest payable 17,637 20,437 Long-term advances from Federal Home Loan Bank 135,000 135,000 Senior long-term debt 14,203 15,169 Junior subordinated debentures 29,805 44,745 Other liabilities 15,462 19,059 Total Liabilities 3,852,103 3,717,679 Shareholders' Equity Preferred stock, Series A - $ 1,000 par value - 100,000 shares authorized Non-cumulative perpetual; 34,500 shares issued and outstanding, respectively $ 33,058 $ 33,058 Common stock, $ 1 par value - 100,600,000 shares authorized; 15,793,433 and 12,504,717 shares issued and outstanding 15,793 12,505 Surplus 170,621 149,389 Retained earnings 14,055 72,965 Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income ( 7,309 ) ( 12,868 ) Total Shareholders' Equity 226,218 255,049 Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 4,078,321 $ 3,972,728 See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. -75- FIRST GUARANTY BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME Years Ended December 31, (in thousands, except share data) 2025 2024 Interest Income: Loans (including fees) $ 158,607 $ 190,382 Deposits with other banks 29,643 17,399 Securities (including FHLB stock) 25,029 13,925 Total Interest Income 213,279 221,706 Interest Expense: Demand deposits 49,590 65,331 Savings deposits 4,629 5,173 Time deposits 61,287 49,166 Borrowings 10,831 13,598 Total Interest Expense 126,337 133,268 Net Interest Income 86,942 88,438 Less: Provision for credit losses 81,729 20,034 Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses 5,213 68,404 Noninterest Income: Service charges, commissions and fees 3,287 3,189 ATM and debit card fees 2,961 3,132 Net gains on sale of loans — 1,481 Net (losses) gains on sale of assets ( 524 ) 13,306 Other 2,752 3,631 Total Noninterest Income 8,476 24,739 Noninterest Expense: Salaries and employee benefits 30,470 38,304 Occupancy and equipment expense 10,282 10,187 Goodwill impairment 12,900 — Other 28,597 28,646 Total Noninterest Expense 82,249 77,137 (Loss) Income Before Income Taxes ( 68,560 ) 16,006 (Benefit) Provision for income taxes ( 12,538 ) 3,558 Net (Loss) Income ( 56,022 ) 12,448 Less: Preferred stock dividends 2,328 2,329 Net (Loss) Income Available to Common Shareholders $ ( 58,350 ) $ 10,119 Per Common Share: Earnings $ ( 4.17 ) $ 0.81 Cash dividends paid $ 0.04 $ 0.41 Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding 13,985,460 12,501,035 See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -76- FIRST GUARANTY BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) Years Ended December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Net (Loss) Income $ ( 56,022 ) $ 12,448 Other comprehensive income: Unrealized (losses) gains on securities: Unrealized holding gains arising during the period 7,037 115 Change in unrealized gains on securities 7,037 115 Tax effect ( 1,478 ) ( 24 ) Other comprehensive income 5,559 91 Comprehensive (Loss) Income $ ( 50,463 ) $ 12,539 See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -77- FIRST GUARANTY BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Preferred Stock $ 1,000 Par Common Stock $ 1 Par Surplus Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) Total Balance December 31, 2023 $ 33,058 $ 12,475 $ 149,085 $ 67,972 $ ( 12,959 ) $ 249,631 Net income — — — 2,310 — 2,310 Common Stock issued under Equity Bonus Plan, 29,293 shares — 30 304 — — 334 Other comprehensive income — — — — 628 628 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.16 per share) — — — ( 2,001 ) — ( 2,001 ) Balance March 31, 2024 $ 33,058 $ 12,505 $ 149,389 $ 67,699 $ ( 12,331 ) $ 250,320 Net income — — — 7,201 — 7,201 Other comprehensive income — — — — 206 206 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.16 per share) — — — ( 2,001 ) — ( 2,001 ) Balance June 30, 2024 $ 33,058 $ 12,505 $ 149,389 $ 72,317 $ ( 12,125 ) $ 255,144 Net income — — — 1,927 — 1,927 Other comprehensive income — — — — 907 907 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.08 per share) — — — ( 1,000 ) — ( 1,000 ) Balance September 30, 2024 $ 33,058 $ 12,505 $ 149,389 $ 72,662 $ ( 11,218 ) $ 256,396 Net income — — — 1,010 — 1,010 Other comprehensive income (loss) — — — — ( 1,650 ) ( 1,650 ) Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.01 per share) — — — ( 125 ) — ( 125 ) Balance December 31, 2024 $ 33,058 $ 12,505 $ 149,389 $ 72,965 $ ( 12,868 ) $ 255,049 -78- Preferred Stock $ 1,000 Par Common Stock $ 1 Par Surplus Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) Total Balance December 31, 2024 $ 33,058 $ 12,505 $ 149,389 $ 72,965 $ ( 12,868 ) $ 255,049 Net (loss) income — — — ( 6,166 ) — ( 6,166 ) Common Stock issued in private placement, 186,787 shares — 186 1,395 — — 1,581 Other comprehensive income — — — — 1,688 1,688 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.01 per share) — — — ( 125 ) — ( 125 ) Balance March 31, 2025 $ 33,058 $ 12,691 $ 150,784 $ 66,092 $ ( 11,180 ) $ 251,445 Net (loss) income — — — ( 7,303 ) — ( 7,303 ) Common Stock issued in private placement, 358,680 shares — 359 2,619 — — 2,978 Common Stock issued in subordinated debt conversion, 1,981,506 shares — 1,982 13,018 — — 15,000 Common Stock issued as payment-in-kind, 88,482 shares — 88 620 — — 708 Other comprehensive income — — — — 971 971 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.01 per share) — — — ( 129 ) — ( 129 ) Balance June 30, 2025 $ 33,058 $ 15,120 $ 167,041 $ 58,078 $ ( 10,209 ) $ 263,088 Net (loss) income — — — ( 45,003 ) — ( 45,003 ) Common Stock issued in private placement, 122,503 shares — 123 864 — — 987 Common Stock issued as payment-in-kind, 110,272 shares — 110 777 — — 887 Other comprehensive income — — — — 1,849 1,849 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.01 per share) — — — ( 151 ) — ( 151 ) Balance September 30, 2025 $ 33,058 $ 15,353 $ 168,682 $ 12,342 $ ( 8,360 ) $ 221,075 Net income — — — 2,450 — 2,450 Common Stock issued in private placement, 277,787 shares — 278 1,222 — — 1,500 Common Stock issued as payment-in-kind, 162,699 shares — 162 717 — — 879 Other comprehensive income — — — — 1,051 1,051 Preferred stock dividends — — — ( 582 ) — ( 582 ) Cash dividends on common stock ($ 0.01 per share) — — — ( 155 ) — ( 155 ) Balance December 31, 2025 $ 33,058 $ 15,793 $ 170,621 $ 14,055 $ ( 7,309 ) $ 226,218 See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements -79- FIRST GUARANTY BANCSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Years Ended December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Cash Flows From Operating Activities: Net (loss) income $ ( 56,022 ) $ 12,448 Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: Provision for credit losses 81,729 20,034 Goodwill impairment 12,900 — Depreciation and amortization 4,290 4,432 Change in right of use asset 509 276 Amortization/Accretion of investments ( 3,126 ) ( 2,556 ) Loss (gain) on sale of assets 623 ( 14,535 ) Repossessed asset write downs, gains and losses on dispositions 433 397 Interest expense paid-in-kind 2,474 — FHLB stock dividends ( 500 ) ( 775 ) Change in operating lease liabilities ( 474 ) ( 258 ) Change in other assets and liabilities, net ( 51,116 ) 14,266 Net Cash (Used In) Provided by Operating Activities ( 8,280 ) 33,729 Cash Flows From Investing Activities: Increase in interest bearing deposits — ( 250 ) Proceeds from maturities, calls and sales of AFS securities 201,380 169,497 Funds invested in AFS securities ( 587,765 ) ( 365,491 ) Proceeds from maturities and calls of HTM securities 970 — Funds invested in HTM securities ( 970 ) — Proceeds from sale/redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock — 8,724 Funds invested in Federal Home Loan Bank stock — ( 4,265 ) Net decrease in loans 516,698 36,826 Purchases of premises and equipment ( 1,696 ) ( 3,044 ) Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment 1,138 14,981 Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned 142 953 Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities 129,897 ( 142,069 ) Cash Flows From Financing Activities: Net increase in deposits 156,617 467,166 Net increase (decrease)in federal funds purchased and short-term borrowings 110 ( 59,288 ) Proceeds of long-term borrowings, net of costs — 29,700 Repayment of long-term borrowings ( 1,008 ) ( 44,030 ) Proceeds from issuance of common stock 7,046 — Dividends paid on preferred stock ( 2,329 ) ( 2,328 ) Dividends paid on common stock ( 560 ) ( 5,127 ) Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities 159,876 386,093 Net Increase In Cash and Cash Equivalents 281,493 277,753 Cash and Cash Equivalents at the Beginning of the Period 564,208 286,455 Cash and Cash Equivalents at the End of the Period $ 845,701 $ 564,208 Noncash Activities: Acquisition of real estate in settlement of loans $ 30,985 $ 423 Premises transferred to other real estate owned $ 4,352 Common stock issued for stock grants $ — $ 334 Common stock issued for debt conversion $ 15,000 $ — Common stock issued for payment-in-kind $ 2,474 $ — Cash Paid During the Period: Interest on deposits and borrowed funds $ 129,137 $ 124,638 Federal income taxes $ 4,100 $ — State income taxes $ 50 $ — See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. -80- NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1. Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Business First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. ("First Guaranty") is a Louisiana corporation and a financial holding company headquartered in Hammond, LA. First Guaranty owns all of the outstanding shares of common stock of First Guaranty Bank. First Guaranty Bank (the "Bank") is a Louisiana-chartered commercial bank that offers a wide range of financial services and focuses on building client relationships and providing exceptional customer service. These services include consumer and commercial lending, mortgage loan origination, the issuance of credit cards and retail banking services. The Bank also maintains an investment portfolio comprised of government, government agency, corporate, and municipal securities. The Bank has thirty banking facilities and forty automated teller machines (ATMs) in Southeast, Southwest, Central and North Louisiana, North Central Texas, Kentucky and West Virginia. First Guaranty is subject to periodic examination by the Federal Reserve Board, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), and the Office of Financial Institutions (“OFI”), which assess, among other matters, First Guaranty’s financial condition, capital adequacy, asset quality, earnings, liquidity, management, and compliance with applicable laws and regulations. As a result of such examinations, regulatory agencies may, when deemed necessary, require corrective actions or impose other supervisory measures. As presented in the statement of income First Guaranty reported a net loss of $ 56.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025. Further, as subsequently disclosed herein, non‑performing assets, consisting of non‑performing loans and other real estate owned, totaled $ 95.5 million as of December 31, 2025. Summary of significant accounting policies The accounting and reporting policies of First Guaranty conform to generally accepted accounting principles and to predominant accounting practices within the banking industry. The more significant accounting and reporting policies are as follows: Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiary, First Guaranty Bank. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near-term relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses, the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans, the valuation of the deferred tax asset, and the valuation of investment securities. In connection with the determination of the allowance for credit losses and real estate owned, First Guaranty obtains independent appraisals for significant properties. Cash and cash equivalents For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are defined as cash, due from banks, interest-bearing demand deposits with banks and federal funds sold with maturities of three months or less. Securities First Guaranty reviews its financial position, liquidity and future plans in evaluating the criteria for classifying investment securities. Debt securities that Management has the ability and intent to hold to maturity are classified as held to maturity and carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts using methods approximating the interest method. Securities available for sale are stated at fair value. The unrealized difference, if any, between amortized cost and fair value of these AFS securities is excluded from income and is reported, net of deferred taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income as a part of shareholders' equity. Details of other comprehensive income are reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Realized gains and losses on securities are computed based on the specific identification method and are reported as a separate component of other income. Amortization of premiums and discounts is included in interest income. Discounts and premiums related to debt securities are amortized using the effective interest rate method. -81- Management evaluates securities for impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. In estimating losses, management considers the extent that fair value has been less than cost and the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer. Management also assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through an allowance for credit losses. For debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, the amount of impairment is split into two components as follows: 1) impairment related to credit loss, which must be recognized in the income statement and 2) impairment related to other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis but cannot be more than the difference between amortized cost and the fair value of the security. Loans held for sale Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income. Loans held for sale have primarily been fixed rate single-family residential mortgage loans under contract to be sold in the secondary market. In most cases, loans in this category are sold within thirty days . Buyers generally have recourse to return a purchased loan under limited circumstances. Recourse conditions may include early payment default, breach of representations or warranties and documentation deficiencies. Mortgage loans held for sale are generally sold with the mortgage servicing rights released. Gains or losses on sales of mortgage loans are recognized based on the differences between the selling price and the carrying value of the related mortgage loans sold. Loans Loans are stated at the principal amounts outstanding, net of unearned income and deferred loan fees. In addition to loans issued in the normal course of business, overdrafts on customer deposit accounts are considered to be loans and reclassified as such. Interest income on all classifications of loans is calculated using the simple interest method on daily balances of the principal amount outstanding. Accrual of interest is discontinued on a loan when Management believes, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, the borrower's financial condition is such that reasonable doubt exists as to the full and timely collection of principal and interest. This evaluation is made for all loans that are 90 days or more contractually past due. When a loan is placed in nonaccrual status, all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income. Income on such loans is then recognized only to the extent that cash is received and where the future collection of interest and principal is probable. Loans are returned to accrual status when, in the judgment of Management, all principal and interest amounts contractually due are reasonably assured to be collected within a reasonable time frame and when the borrower has demonstrated payment performance of cash or cash equivalents; generally for a period of 6 months. All loans, except mortgage loans, are considered past due if they are past due 30 days. Mortgage loans are considered past due when two consecutive payments have been missed. Loans that are past due 90 - 120 days and deemed uncollectible are charged-off. The loan charge off is a reduction of the allowance for credit losses. Credit Quality First Guaranty's credit quality indicators are pass, special mention, substandard, and doubtful. Loans included in the pass category are performing loans with satisfactory debt coverage ratios, collateral, payment history, and documentation requirements. Special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects. Borrowers may be experiencing adverse operating trends (declining revenues or margins) or an ill proportioned balance sheet (e.g., increasing inventory without an increase in sales, high leverage, tight liquidity). Adverse economic or market conditions, such as interest rate increases or the entry of a new competitor, may also support a special mention rating. Nonfinancial reasons include management problems, pending litigation, an ineffective loan agreement or other material structural weakness, and any other significant deviation from prudent lending practices. A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as substandard have a well-defined weakness. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that First Guaranty will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These loans require more intensive supervision. Substandard loans are generally characterized by current or expected unprofitable operations, inadequate debt service coverage, inadequate liquidity, or marginal capitalization. Repayment may depend on collateral or other credit risk mitigates. For some substandard loans, the likelihood of full collection of interest and principal may be in doubt and interest is no longer accrued. Consumer loans that are 90 days or more past due or that are nonaccrual are considered substandard. Doubtful loans have the weaknesses of substandard loans with the additional characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full questionable and there is a high probability of loss based on currently existing facts, conditions and values. Loan fees and costs Nonrefundable loan origination and commitment fees and direct costs associated with originating loans are deferred and recognized over the lives of the related loans as an adjustment to the loans' yield using the level yield method. -82- Allowance for credit losses The allowance for credit losses is established through a provision for credit losses charged to expense. Loans are charged against the allowance for credit losses when management believes that the collectability of the principal is unlikely. The allowance is based on management’s evaluation of expected credit losses over the life of the loans in the portfolio, in accordance with ASC 326. The loan portfolio is divided into segments to evaluate expected losses. Loans that do not share risk characteristics with a segment are evaluated individually. Management estimates the allowance balance using available information such as past events, current conditions and reasonable forecasts. Adjustments to historical information are made using qualitative and qualitative factors developed by management. The following are general credit risk factors that affect our loan portfolio segments. These factors do not encompass all risks associated with each loan category. Construction and land development loans have risks associated with interim construction prior to permanent financing and repayment risks due to the future sale of developed property. Farmland and agricultural loans have risks such as weather, government agricultural policies, fuel and fertilizer costs, and market price volatility. One- to four-family residential, multifamily, and consumer credits are strongly influenced by employment levels, consumer debt loads and the general economy. Non-farm non-residential loans include both owner-occupied real estate and non-owner occupied real estate. Common risks associated with these properties is the ability to maintain tenant leases and keep lease income at a level able to service required debt and operating expenses. Commercial and industrial loans generally have non-real estate secured collateral which requires closer monitoring than real estate collateral. The allowance consists of specific, general, and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as doubtful, substandard, and individually evaluated for impairment. For such loans that are also classified as individually evaluated for impairment, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and special mention loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. Qualitative factors include analysis of levels and trends in delinquencies, nonaccrual loans, charge-offs and recoveries, loan risk ratings, trends in volume and terms of loans, changes in lending policy, credit concentrations, portfolio stress test results, national and local economic trends, industry conditions, and other relevant factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect the estimate of probable losses. The allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments represents expected credit losses over the contractual period for which First Guaranty is exposed to credit risk from a contractual obligation to extend credit. No allowance is recorded if there is an unconditional right to cancel the obligation. The allowance is reported as a component of Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Adjustments to the allowance for unfunded commitments are included in the provision for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Goodwill and intangible assets Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are subject to annual impairment tests. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired in an acquisition. First Guaranty's goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances indicate that there may be impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 350. Identifiable intangible assets are acquired assets that lack physical substance but can be distinguished from goodwill because of contractual or legal rights or because the assets are capable of being sold or exchanged either on their own or in combination with the related contract, asset or liability. First Guaranty's intangible assets primarily relate to core deposits and loan servicing assets related to the SBA portfolio. These core deposit intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over terms ranging from seven to fifteen years . Management periodically evaluates whether events or circumstances have occurred that impair this deposit intangible. Premises and equipment Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows: Buildings and improvements 10 - 40 years Equipment, fixtures and automobiles 3 - 10 years Expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Repairs, maintenance and minor improvements are charged to operating expense as incurred. Gains or losses on disposition, if any, are recorded as a separate line item in noninterest income on the Statements of Income. Other real estate Other real estate includes properties acquired through foreclosure or acceptance of deeds in lieu of foreclosure. These properties are recorded at the lower of the recorded investment in the property or its fair value less the estimated cost of disposition. Any valuation adjustments required prior to foreclosure are charged to the allowance for credit losses. Subsequent to foreclosure, losses on the periodic revaluation of the property are charged to current period earnings as other real estate expense or to the allowance for other real estate. Costs of operating and maintaining the properties are charged to other real estate expense as incurred. Any subsequent gains or losses on dispositions are credited or charged to income in the period of disposition . -83- Off-balance sheet financial instruments In the ordinary course of business, First Guaranty has entered into commitments to extend credit, including commitments under credit card arrangements, commitments to fund commercial real estate, construction and land development loans secured by real estate, and performance standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. Income taxes First Guaranty and its subsidiary file a consolidated federal income tax return on a calendar year basis. In lieu of Louisiana state income tax, the Bank is subject to the Louisiana bank shares tax, which is included in noninterest expense in First Guaranty's consolidated financial statements. With few exceptions, First Guaranty is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state or local income tax examinations for years before 2021. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or realized. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be utilized. Comprehensive income Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the equity section of the balance sheet, such items along with net income, are components of comprehensive income. The components of other comprehensive income and related tax effects are presented in the Statements of Comprehensive Income. Fair Value Measurements The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Valuation techniques use certain inputs to arrive at fair value. Inputs to valuation techniques are the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. They may be observable or unobservable. First Guaranty uses a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. See Note 20 for a detailed description of fair value measurements. Transfers of Financial Assets Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales, when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (i) the assets have been isolated from First Guaranty, (ii) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (iii) First Guaranty does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity. Earnings per common share Earnings per share represents income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. No convertible shares of First Guaranty's stock are outstanding. Revenue Recognition First Guaranty has identified certain recurring revenue streams (including fee income, NSF/OD charges, and ATM/ Card fee income) related to noninterest income, which are within the scope of Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. There are no significant judgments relating to the amount and timing of revenue recognition for revenue streams within the scope of Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customer. Due to the nature of the services First Guaranty provides to its customers, it does not incur costs to obtain contracts, and there are no material incremental costs to fulfill these contacts that should be capitalized. There are no material contract assets or receivables as First Guaranty does not typically enter into long-term revenue contracts with customers. Operating Segments All of First Guaranty's operations are considered by management to be aggregated into one reportable operating segment. While the chief decision-maker monitors the revenue streams of the various products and services, the identifiable segments are not material. Operations are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a Company-wide basis. -84- Note 2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Accounting Standards Adopted in 2025 ASU No. 2023-09, "Improvements to Tax Disclosures" ("ASU 2023-09") is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, though early adoption was permitted. First Guaranty adopted ASU 2023-09 retrospectively, resulting in expanded disclosures for prior periods presented. The adoption did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted ASU 2024-03, "Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures" (ASU 2024-03") requires the disaggregation of certain expenses in the notes to the financial statements, to provide enhanced transparency into the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. The amendments in ASU 2024-03 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. First Guaranty is currently evaluating the impact that this update will have on its disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. ASU 2025-08, "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans" (ASU 2025-08") amendments expand the application of the gross‑up approach to certain acquired loans, referred to as “purchased seasoned loans,” which will be recorded at purchase price plus an allowance for expected credit losses at acquisition rather than through a provision for credit losses. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. First Guaranty is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements. Note 3. Cash and Due from Banks Certain reserves are required to be maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank. There was no reserve requirement as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. At December 31, 2025 First Guaranty had four accounts at correspondent banks, excluding the Federal Reserve Bank, that exceeded the FDIC insurable limit of $250,000. These accounts exceeded the insurable limit by $ 13.3 million. At December 31, 2024 First Guaranty had three accounts at correspondent banks, excluding the Federal Reserve Bank, that exceeded the FDIC insurable limit of $250,000. These accounts exceeded the insurable limit by $ 10.7 million. -85- Note 4. Securities A summary comparison of securities by type at December 31, 2025 and 2024 is shown below. December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Available for sale: U.S. Treasury $ 98,123 $ 26 $ — $ 98,149 $ 147,840 $ 33 $ ( 93 ) $ 147,780 Corporate debt securities 6,500 — ( 51 ) 6,449 12,250 — ( 668 ) 11,582 Municipal bonds 21,211 218 ( 373 ) 21,056 21,736 220 ( 339 ) 21,617 Collateralized mortgage obligations 301,685 1,232 ( 336 ) 302,581 32,065 — ( 446 ) 31,619 Mortgage-backed securities 246,620 2,085 ( 348 ) 248,357 70,430 — ( 1,931 ) 68,499 Total available for sale securities $ 674,139 $ 3,561 $ ( 1,108 ) $ 676,592 $ 284,321 $ 253 $ ( 3,477 ) $ 281,097 Held to maturity: U.S. Government Agencies $ 267,626 $ — $ ( 51,627 ) $ 215,999 $ 266,761 $ — $ ( 64,671 ) $ 202,090 Corporate debt securities 55,199 8 ( 3,112 ) 52,095 55,011 — ( 5,643 ) 49,368 Total held to maturity securities $ 322,825 $ 8 $ ( 54,739 ) $ 268,094 $ 321,772 $ — $ ( 70,314 ) $ 251,458 The scheduled maturities of securities at December 31, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities due to call or prepayments. Mortgage-backed securities are not due at a single maturity because of amortization and potential prepayment of the underlying mortgages. For this reason they are presented separately in the maturity table below. December 31, 2025 (in thousands) Amortized Cost Fair Value Available for sale: Due in one year or less $ 105,356 $ 105,455 Due after one year through five years 8,904 8,911 Due after five years through 10 years 9,369 9,266 Over 10 years 2,205 2,022 Subtotal 125,834 125,654 Collateralized mortgage obligations 301,685 302,581 Mortgage-backed Securities 246,620 248,357 Total available for sale securities $ 674,139 $ 676,592 Held to maturity: Due in one year or less $ — $ — Due after one year through five years 48,011 44,728 Due after five years through 10 years 114,250 101,041 Over 10 years 160,564 122,325 Total held to maturity securities $ 322,825 $ 268,094 At December 31, 2025 and 2024 the carrying value of pledged securities totaled $ 695.4 million and $ 233.9 million, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on First Guaranty's investment securities was $ 3.0 million and $ 1.4 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was included in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from First Guaranty's estimate of the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses related to the held to maturity portfolio was $ 0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. -86- The following is a summary of the fair value of securities with gross unrealized losses and an aging of those gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2025. December 31, 2025 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total (in thousands) Number of Securities Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Available for sale: U.S. Treasuries 2 $ 19,646 $ — — $ — $ — 2 $ 19,646 $ — Corporate debt securities 2 1,989 ( 11 ) 4 3,460 ( 40 ) 6 5,449 ( 51 ) Municipal bonds — — — 28 6,261 ( 373 ) 28 6,261 ( 373 ) Collateralized mortgage obligations 31 137,608 ( 336 ) — — — 31 137,608 ( 336 ) Mortgage-backed securities 14 40,812 ( 130 ) 10 27,421 ( 218 ) 24 68,233 ( 348 ) Total available for sale securities 49 $ 200,055 $ ( 477 ) 42 $ 37,142 $ ( 631 ) 91 $ 237,197 $ ( 1,108 ) Held to maturity: U.S. Government Agencies — $ — — 29 $ 215,999 $ ( 51,627 ) 29 $ 215,999 $ ( 51,627 ) Corporate debt securities 2 1,805 ( 136 ) 54 49,965 ( 2,976 ) 56 51,770 ( 3,112 ) Total held to maturity securities 2 $ 1,805 $ ( 136 ) 83 $ 265,964 $ ( 54,603 ) 85 $ 267,769 $ ( 54,739 ) The following is a summary of the fair value of securities with gross unrealized losses and an aging of those gross unrealized losses at December 31, 2024. December 31, 2024 Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total (in thousands) Number of Securities Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Number of Securities Fair Value Gross Unrealized Losses Available for sale: U.S. Treasuries 2 $ 48,615 $ ( 93 ) — $ — $ — 2 $ 48,615 $ ( 93 ) Corporate debt securities 2 1,965 ( 35 ) 12 9,617 ( 633 ) 14 11,582 ( 668 ) Municipal bonds 2 505 ( 4 ) 34 5,406 ( 335 ) 36 5,911 ( 339 ) Collateralized mortgage obligations 8 31,619 ( 446 ) — — — 8 31,619 ( 446 ) Mortgage-backed securities 15 65,089 ( 1,721 ) 6 3,410 ( 210 ) 21 68,499 ( 1,931 ) Total available for sale securities 29 $ 147,793 $ ( 2,299 ) 52 $ 18,433 $ ( 1,178 ) 81 $ 166,226 $ ( 3,477 ) Held to maturity: U.S. Government Agencies — $ — — 29 $ 202,090 $ ( 64,671 ) 29 $ 202,090 $ ( 64,671 ) Corporate debt securities 1 322 ( 3 ) 56 49,046 ( 5,640 ) 57 49,368 ( 5,643 ) Total held to maturity securities 1 $ 322 $ ( 3 ) 85 $ 251,136 $ ( 70,311 ) 86 $ 251,458 $ ( 70,314 ) As of December 31, 2025, 176 of First Guaranty's debt securities had gross unrealized losses totaling 10.0 % of the individual securities' amortized cost basis and 5.6 % of First Guaranty's total amortized cost basis of the investment securities portfolio. 125 of the 176 securities had been in a continuous loss position for over 12 months at such date. The 125 securities had an aggregate amortized cost basis of $ 358.3 million and an unrealized loss of $ 55.2 million at December 31, 2025. Management has the intent and ability to hold these debt securities until maturity or until anticipated recovery. -87- Securities are evaluated for impairment from credit losses at least quarterly and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (i) the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (ii) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (iii) the recovery of contractual principal and interest and (iv) the intent and ability of First Guaranty to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Investment securities issued by the U.S. Government and Government sponsored enterprises that have unrealized losses attributable to changes in market interest rates are not considered credit impaired. First Guaranty has the ability and intent to hold these securities until recovery, which may not be until maturity. Corporate debt securities in a loss position consist primarily of corporate bonds issued by businesses in the financial, insurance, utility, manufacturing, industrial, consumer products and oil and gas industries. There were no held to maturity corporate securities with a credit related impairment loss at December 31, 2025. First Guaranty believes that the remaining issuers will be able to fulfill the obligations of these securities based on evaluations described above. First Guaranty has the ability and intent to hold these securities until they recover, which could be at their maturity dates. There were no charge-offs recognized on securities during the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 . There were no provisions for credit losses recognized on securities for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to a $ 0.1 million provision recognized for the year ended 2024. For securities that have indications of credit related impairment, management analyzes future expected cash flows to determine if any credit related impairment is evident. Estimated cash flows are determined using management's best estimate of future cash flows based on specific assumptions. The assumptions used to determine the cash flows were based on estimates of loss severity and credit default probabilities. Management reviews reports from credit rating agencies and public filings of issuers. Gross realized gains on sales of securities were $ 0 for both years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Gross realized losses were $ 0 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Net unrealized losses on available for sale securities included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"), net of applicable income taxes, totaled $ 7.3 million and $ 12.9 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024. AOCI included $ 9.3 million and $ 10.4 million of losses related to the amortization of transfers of securities from held to maturity to available for sale at December 31, 2025 and 2024. Included in the statement of changes in comprehensive income was $ 1.4 million of amortization during the period. During 2025 and 2024 net gains, net of tax, reclassified out of AOCI into earnings totaled $ 0 . At December 31, 2025, First Guaranty's exposure to investment securities issuers that exceeded 10% of shareholders' equity was as follows: December 31, 2025 (in thousands) Amortized Cost Fair Value U.S. Government Treasuries (U.S.) $ 98,123 $ 98,149 Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) 32,407 27,533 Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac-FHLMC) 101,861 77,720 Federal Farm Credit Bank (FFCB) 139,715 117,047 Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae-GNMA) 238,018 239,772 Total $ 610,124 $ 560,221 -88- Note 5. Loans The following table summarizes the components of First Guaranty's loan portfolio as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024: December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in thousands except for %) Balance As % of Category Balance As % of Category Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 149,493 7.2 % $ 330,048 12.2 % Farmland 32,160 1.5 % 35,991 1.3 % 1- 4 Family 428,773 20.7 % 450,371 16.7 % Multifamily 144,235 6.9 % 165,121 6.1 % Non-farm non-residential 948,536 45.7 % 1,159,842 42.9 % Total Real Estate 1,703,197 82.0 % 2,141,373 79.2 % Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 35,244 1.7 % 40,722 1.5 % Commercial and industrial 228,738 11.0 % 257,518 9.5 % Commercial leases 75,617 3.7 % 220,200 8.2 % Consumer and other 33,023 1.6 % 42,267 1.6 % Total Non-Real Estate 372,622 18.0 % 560,707 20.8 % Total Loans Before Unearned Income 2,075,819 100.0 % 2,702,080 100.0 % Unearned income ( 6,017 ) ( 8,300 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,069,802 $ 2,693,780 Accrued interest receivable on First Guaranty's loans totaled $ 9.4 million and $ 13.4 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is included in accrued interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from First Guaranty's estimate of the allowance for credit losses. The following table summarizes fixed and floating rate loans by contractual maturity, excluding nonaccrual loans, as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 unadjusted for scheduled principal payments, prepayments, or repricing opportunities. The average life of the loan portfolio may be substantially less than the contractual terms when these adjustments are considered. December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in thousands) Fixed Floating Total Fixed Floating Total One year or less $ 269,181 $ 200,350 $ 469,531 $ 240,685 $ 245,272 $ 485,957 One to five years 174,719 175,338 350,057 501,800 256,720 758,520 Five to 15 years 54,639 254,314 308,953 62,412 293,173 355,585 Over 15 years 338,713 548,984 887,697 358,727 634,762 993,489 Subtotal $ 837,252 $ 1,178,986 2,016,238 $ 1,163,624 $ 1,429,927 2,593,551 Nonaccrual loans 59,581 108,529 Total Loans Before Unearned Income 2,075,819 2,702,080 Unearned income ( 6,017 ) ( 8,300 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,069,802 $ 2,693,780 Included in floating rate loans are loans that adjust to a floating rate following an initial fixed rate period. The initial fixed rate periods are typically one , three , or five years . -89- The following tables present the age analysis of past due loans at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024: As of December 31, 2025 (in thousands) 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days Accruing Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 42 $ 9,281 $ 9,323 $ 140,170 $ 149,493 $ — Farmland 17 2,671 2,688 29,472 32,160 — 1- 4 family 12,875 10,531 23,406 405,367 428,773 763 Multifamily 175 2,278 2,453 141,782 144,235 — Non-farm non-residential 6,456 24,380 30,836 917,700 948,536 33 Total Real Estate 19,565 49,141 68,706 1,634,491 1,703,197 796 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 1,263 2,172 3,435 31,809 35,244 — Commercial and industrial 3,004 2,266 5,270 223,468 228,738 — Commercial leases 2,123 6,640 8,763 66,854 75,617 — Consumer and other 527 158 685 32,338 33,023 — Total Non-Real Estate 6,917 11,236 18,153 354,469 372,622 — Total Loans Before Unearned Income $ 26,482 $ 60,377 $ 86,859 $ 1,988,960 2,075,819 $ 796 Unearned income ( 6,017 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,069,802 As of December 31, 2024 (in thousands) 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment 90 Days Accruing Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 1,562 $ 11,018 $ 12,580 $ 317,468 $ 330,048 $ 7,394 Farmland — 2,619 2,619 33,372 35,991 — 1- 4 family 12,917 10,053 22,970 427,401 450,371 — Multifamily 199 27,542 27,741 137,380 165,121 — Non-farm non-residential 38,607 58,279 96,886 1,062,956 1,159,842 4,108 Total Real Estate 53,285 109,511 162,796 1,978,577 2,141,373 11,502 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 677 1,992 2,669 38,053 40,722 — Commercial and industrial 1,293 6,762 8,055 249,463 257,518 — Commercial leases — 1,533 1,533 218,667 220,200 — Consumer and other 860 233 1,093 41,174 42,267 — Total Non-Real Estate 2,830 10,520 13,350 547,357 560,707 — Total Loans Before Unearned Income $ 56,115 $ 120,031 $ 176,146 $ 2,525,934 2,702,080 $ 11,502 Unearned income ( 8,300 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,693,780 The tables above include $ 59.6 million and $ 108.5 million of nonaccrual loans for December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See the tables below for more detail on nonaccrual loans. -90- The following is a summary of nonaccrual loans by class at the dates indicated: As of December 31, 2025 (in thousands) With Related Allowance Without Related Allowance Total Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 436 $ 8,845 $ 9,281 Farmland 224 2,447 2,671 1 - 4 family 9,091 677 9,768 Multifamily 197 2,081 2,278 Non-farm non-residential 5,641 18,706 24,347 Total Real Estate 15,589 32,756 48,345 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 1,257 915 2,172 Commercial and industrial 912 1,354 2,266 Commercial leases 5,803 837 6,640 Consumer and other 158 — 158 Total Non-Real Estate 8,130 3,106 11,236 Total Nonaccrual Loans $ 23,719 $ 35,862 $ 59,581 As of December 31, 2024 (in thousands) With Related Allowance Without Related Allowance Total Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 697 $ 2,927 $ 3,624 Farmland 678 1,941 2,619 1 - 4 family 7,309 2,744 10,053 Multifamily 25,986 1,556 27,542 Non-farm non-residential 7,976 46,195 54,171 Total Real Estate 42,646 55,363 98,009 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 729 1,263 1,992 Commercial and industrial 1,724 5,038 6,762 Commercial leases — 1,533 1,533 Consumer and other 233 — 233 Total Non-Real Estate 2,686 7,834 10,520 Total Nonaccrual Loans $ 45,332 $ 63,197 $ 108,529 -91- The following table presents First Guaranty's loan portfolio by credit quality classification and origination year as of the date indicated: As of December 31, 2025 Term Loans by Origination Year (in thousands) 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 Prior Revolving Loans Total Real Estate: Construction & land development: Pass $ 11,416 $ 8,479 $ 6,888 $ 31,030 $ 5,894 2,626 $ 6,005 $ 72,338 Special Mention — 32 16,735 12,348 — 120 — 29,235 Substandard 1,273 1,810 41,808 961 2,066 2 — 47,920 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Construction & land development 12,689 10,321 65,431 44,339 7,960 2,748 6,005 149,493 Current period gross charge-offs — — — 5,794 — — — 5,794 Farmland Pass 1,474 2,869 2,538 3,697 4,674 1,741 3,037 20,030 Special Mention — 155 — 30 — 2,607 — 2,792 Substandard — 2,852 3,797 35 — 2,654 — 9,338 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Farmland 1,474 5,876 6,335 3,762 4,674 7,002 3,037 32,160 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — 68 — 68 1- 4 family Pass 32,828 55,162 88,161 91,666 51,709 72,022 7,636 399,184 Special Mention — 68 410 1,736 499 3,902 246 6,861 Substandard 2,285 116 4,898 4,535 3,436 6,746 636 22,652 Doubtful — — — 76 — — — 76 Total 1- 4 family 35,113 55,346 93,469 98,013 55,644 82,670 8,518 428,773 Current period gross charge-offs — — — 21 180 456 — 657 Multifamily Pass 2,994 435 6,936 41,186 5,258 6,148 3,658 66,615 Special Mention — — 22,950 15 40,890 — — 63,855 Substandard — — 372 13,393 — — — 13,765 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Multifamily 2,994 435 30,258 54,594 46,148 6,148 3,658 144,235 Current period gross charge-offs — — — 10,670 — — — 10,670 Non-farm non-residential Pass 16,962 38,215 113,566 150,487 65,144 171,799 10,726 566,899 Special Mention 194 16,662 25,187 31,289 10,533 71,231 27,969 183,065 Substandard 878 9,666 38,876 50,372 21,811 70,695 6,274 198,572 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total non-farm non-residential 18,034 64,543 177,629 232,148 97,488 313,725 44,969 948,536 Current period gross charge-offs — 9,432 — 33 3,360 66 — 12,891 Total Real Estate 70,304 136,521 373,122 432,856 211,914 412,293 66,187 1,703,197 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural Pass 1,713 1,716 1,435 1,779 1,219 2,705 14,328 24,895 Special Mention 70 85 72 1,014 — 79 — 1,320 Substandard — 20 46 6,187 239 2,297 240 9,029 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Agricultural 1,783 1,821 1,553 8,980 1,458 5,081 14,568 35,244 Current period gross charge-offs — 169 — — — — — 169 Commercial and industrial Pass 36,431 14,475 13,846 6,284 28,635 8,722 54,165 162,558 -92- Special Mention 33,579 160 2,098 5,052 607 256 516 42,268 Substandard 135 36 39 697 1,327 4,009 14,052 20,295 Doubtful — 3,617 — — — — — 3,617 Total Commercial and industrial 70,145 18,288 15,983 12,033 30,569 12,987 68,733 228,738 Current period gross charge-offs 29 220 599 281 184 26 — 1,339 Commercial leases Pass 2,902 4,262 11,901 16,586 8,790 — — 44,441 Special Mention — — — — — — — — Substandard — 12,831 7,337 3,426 1,457 414 — 25,465 Doubtful — — 5,711 — — — — 5,711 Total Commercial leases 2,902 17,093 24,949 20,012 10,247 414 — 75,617 Current period gross charge-offs — 17,728 18,899 233 7,347 — — 44,207 Consumer and other loans Pass 6,860 3,134 11,118 1,433 1,370 8,580 — 32,495 Special Mention — — 1 6 36 — — 43 Substandard 32 37 94 147 142 33 — 485 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Consumer and other loans 6,892 3,171 11,213 1,586 1,548 8,613 — 33,023 Current period gross charge-offs 237 189 240 338 259 120 — 1,383 Total Non-Real Estate 81,722 40,373 53,698 42,611 43,822 27,095 83,301 372,622 Total Loans Pass 113,580 128,747 256,389 344,148 172,693 274,343 99,555 1,389,455 Special Mention 33,843 17,162 67,453 51,490 52,565 78,195 28,731 329,439 Substandard 4,603 27,368 97,267 79,753 30,478 86,850 21,202 347,521 Doubtful — 3,617 5,711 76 — — — 9,404 Total Loans Before Unearned Income $ 152,026 $ 176,894 $ 426,820 $ 475,467 $ 255,736 $ 439,388 $ 149,488 $ 2,075,819 Unearned income ( 6,017 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,069,802 Total Current Period Gross Charge-offs $ 266 $ 27,738 $ 19,738 $ 17,370 $ 11,330 $ 736 $ — $ 77,178 As of December 31, 2024 Term Loans by Origination Year (in thousands) 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total Real Estate: Construction & land development: Pass $ 18,411 $ 110,178 $ 135,554 $ 17,703 $ 1,728 4,422 $ 12,734 $ 300,730 Special Mention 609 16,956 91 — 81 64 30 17,831 Substandard — 1,461 8,572 599 246 525 — 11,403 Doubtful — — — 84 — — — 84 Total Construction & land development 19,020 128,595 144,217 18,386 2,055 5,011 12,764 330,048 Current period gross charge-offs — — 39 — — — — 39 Farmland Pass 2,373 11,976 3,499 3,312 1,599 1,922 2,865 27,546 Special Mention 3,029 — 57 — 1,656 76 — 4,818 Substandard — 381 27 — 2,592 627 — 3,627 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Farmland 5,402 12,357 3,583 3,312 5,847 2,625 2,865 35,991 -93- Current period gross charge-offs — — 258 — — — — 258 1- 4 family Pass 62,044 98,098 101,780 63,313 36,285 47,263 9,896 418,679 Special Mention 431 1,644 1,775 326 2,383 2,320 1,039 9,918 Substandard — 4,186 3,129 4,689 1,619 4,343 3,543 21,509 Doubtful — — 73 — — 119 73 265 Total 1- 4 family 62,475 103,928 106,757 68,328 40,287 54,045 14,551 450,371 Current period gross charge-offs — — 174 59 5 796 — 1,034 Multifamily Pass 446 9,196 44,395 48,143 14,607 5,135 4,419 126,341 Special Mention — — 7,100 506 — 1,577 — 9,183 Substandard — — 28,041 — — 1,556 — 29,597 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Multifamily 446 9,196 79,536 48,649 14,607 8,268 4,419 165,121 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — Non-farm non-residential Pass 68,227 202,084 250,338 95,588 96,967 251,914 38,698 1,003,816 Special Mention — 4,390 354 8,509 1,067 34,467 9,208 57,995 Substandard 11,356 9,213 32,688 37,181 916 2,917 3,694 97,965 Doubtful — — — — 66 — — 66 Total non-farm non-residential 79,583 215,687 283,380 141,278 99,016 289,298 51,600 1,159,842 Current period gross charge-offs — 3,793 1,031 3,009 331 836 — 9,000 Total Real Estate 166,926 469,763 617,473 279,953 161,812 359,247 86,199 2,141,373 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural Pass 2,102 2,766 7,815 2,904 1,142 5,676 13,130 35,535 Special Mention 18 74 1,793 10 132 112 91 2,230 Substandard 169 51 — 663 128 1,915 12 2,938 Doubtful — — — — — 19 — 19 Total Agricultural 2,289 2,891 9,608 3,577 1,402 7,722 13,233 40,722 Current period gross charge-offs — — — 33 — — — 33 Commercial and industrial Pass 27,172 26,410 19,230 39,601 30,833 13,946 80,769 237,961 Special Mention 4,082 660 78 91 38 80 306 5,335 Substandard 25 59 815 939 193 1,229 10,962 14,222 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Commercial and industrial 31,279 27,129 20,123 40,631 31,064 15,255 92,037 257,518 Current period gross charge-offs 185 702 913 563 2,168 342 — 4,873 Commercial leases Pass 48,856 61,057 47,140 38,027 3,554 398 — 199,032 Special Mention — — 18,153 — — — — 18,153 Substandard — — 3,015 — — — — 3,015 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Commercial leases 48,856 61,057 68,308 38,027 3,554 398 — 220,200 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — Consumer and other loans Pass 8,457 14,710 4,083 3,257 4,467 6,262 — 41,236 Special Mention — 29 42 98 26 — — 195 Substandard 96 176 276 221 29 38 — 836 Doubtful — — — — — — — — Total Consumer and other loans 8,553 14,915 4,401 3,576 4,522 6,300 — 42,267 Current period gross charge-offs 438 802 1,013 693 283 125 — 3,354 Total Non-Real Estate 90,977 105,992 102,440 85,811 40,542 29,675 105,270 560,707 -94- Total Loans Pass 238,088 536,475 613,834 311,848 191,182 336,938 162,511 2,390,876 Special Mention 8,169 23,753 29,443 9,540 5,383 38,696 10,674 125,658 Substandard 11,646 15,527 76,563 44,292 5,723 13,150 18,211 185,112 Doubtful — — 73 84 66 138 73 434 Total Loans Before Unearned Income $ 257,903 $ 575,755 $ 719,913 $ 365,764 $ 202,354 $ 388,922 $ 191,469 $ 2,702,080 Unearned income ( 8,300 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,693,780 Total Current Period Gross Charge-offs $ 623 $ 5,297 $ 3,428 $ 4,357 $ 2,787 $ 2,099 $ — $ 18,591 -95- Note 6. Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans A summary of changes in the allowance for credit losses, by portfolio type, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows: For the Year Ended December 31, 2025 (in thousands) Beginning Allowance (12/31/2024) Charge-offs Recoveries Provision Ending Allowance (12/31/2025) Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 3,930 $ ( 5,794 ) $ — $ 3,943 $ 2,079 Farmland 50 ( 68 ) 2 199 183 1- 4 family 9,243 ( 657 ) 45 4,709 13,340 Multifamily 3,949 ( 10,670 ) — 8,098 1,377 Non-farm non-residential 11,531 ( 12,891 ) 24 13,390 12,054 Total Real Estate 28,703 ( 30,080 ) 71 30,339 29,033 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 204 ( 169 ) 1 137 173 Commercial and industrial 1,994 ( 1,339 ) 297 5,319 6,271 Commercial leases 1,719 ( 44,207 ) — 43,680 1,192 Consumer and other 1,337 ( 1,383 ) 514 539 1,007 Unallocated 854 — — 2,225 3,079 Total Non-Real Estate 6,108 ( 47,098 ) 812 51,900 11,722 Total Loans $ 34,811 $ ( 77,178 ) $ 883 $ 82,239 $ 40,755 Unfunded lending commitments 1,210 — — ( 510 ) 700 Total $ 36,021 $ ( 77,178 ) $ 883 $ 81,729 $ 41,455 For the Year Ended December 31, 2024 (in thousands) Beginning Allowance (12/31/2023) Charge-offs Recoveries Provision Ending Allowance (12/31/2024) Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 5,845 $ ( 39 ) $ 1 $ ( 1,877 ) $ 3,930 Farmland 36 ( 258 ) 2 270 50 1- 4 family 6,653 ( 1,034 ) 12 3,612 9,243 Multifamily 1,614 — — 2,335 3,949 Non-farm non-residential 10,596 ( 9,000 ) 93 9,842 11,531 Total Real Estate 24,744 ( 10,331 ) 108 14,182 28,703 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 97 ( 33 ) 18 122 204 Commercial and industrial 2,711 ( 4,873 ) 235 3,921 1,994 Commercial leases 1,948 — — ( 229 ) 1,719 Consumer and other 1,426 ( 3,354 ) 551 2,714 1,337 Unallocated — — — 854 854 Total Non-Real Estate 6,182 ( 8,260 ) 804 7,382 6,108 Total Loans $ 30,926 $ ( 18,591 ) $ 912 $ 21,564 $ 34,811 Unfunded lending commitments 2,810 — — ( 1,600 ) 1,210 Total $ 33,736 $ ( 18,591 ) $ 912 $ 19,964 $ 36,021 Negative provisions are caused by changes in the composition and credit quality of the loan portfolio and by recoveries. The result is an allocation of the credit loss reserve from one category to another. -96- A summary of the allowance along with loans and leases individually and collectively evaluated are as follows: As of December 31, 2025 (in thousands) Allowance Individually Evaluated Allowance Collectively Evaluated Total Allowance for Credit Losses Loans Individually Evaluated Loans Collectively Evaluated Total Loans before Unearned Income Real Estate: Construction & land development $ — $ 2,079 $ 2,079 $ 28,237 $ 121,256 $ 149,493 Farmland — 183 183 2,447 29,713 32,160 1- 4 family 857 12,483 13,340 7,816 420,957 428,773 Multifamily 11 1,366 1,377 8,446 135,789 144,235 Non-farm non-residential 1,398 10,656 12,054 41,888 906,648 948,536 Total Real Estate 2,266 26,767 29,033 88,834 1,614,363 1,703,197 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural — 173 173 915 34,329 35,244 Commercial and industrial 3,534 2,737 6,271 5,308 223,430 228,738 Commercial leases — 1,192 1,192 6,548 69,069 75,617 Consumer and other — 1,007 1,007 — 33,023 33,023 Unallocated — 3,079 3,079 — — — Total Non-Real Estate 3,534 8,188 11,722 12,771 359,851 372,622 Total $ 5,800 $ 34,955 $ 40,755 $ 101,605 $ 1,974,214 $ 2,075,819 Unearned Income ( 6,017 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,069,802 $ 91.8 million of loans individually evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2025 were considered collateral dependent loans. As of December 31, 2024 (in thousands) Allowance Individually Evaluated Allowance Collectively Evaluated Total Allowance for Credit Losses Loans Individually Evaluated Loans Collectively Evaluated Total Loans before Unearned Income Real Estate: Construction & land development $ 403 $ 3,527 $ 3,930 $ 10,724 $ 319,324 $ 330,048 Farmland — 50 50 2,973 33,018 35,991 1- 4 family 430 8,813 9,243 3,174 447,197 450,371 Multifamily 2,942 1,007 3,949 27,516 137,605 165,121 Non-farm non-residential 1,229 10,302 11,531 54,201 1,105,641 1,159,842 Total Real Estate 5,004 23,699 28,703 98,588 2,042,785 2,141,373 Non-Real Estate: Agricultural 129 75 204 2,151 38,571 40,722 Commercial and industrial 3 1,991 1,994 5,194 252,324 257,518 Commercial leases — 1,719 1,719 3,015 217,185 220,200 Consumer and other — 1,337 1,337 — 42,267 42,267 Unallocated — 854 854 — — — Total Non-Real Estate 132 5,976 6,108 10,360 550,347 560,707 Total $ 5,136 $ 29,675 $ 34,811 $ 108,948 $ 2,593,132 $ 2,702,080 Unearned Income ( 8,300 ) Total Loans Net of Unearned Income $ 2,693,780 All loans individually evaluated for impairment as of December 31, 2024 were considered collateral dependent loans. -97- As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, First Guaranty had loans totaling $ 59.6 million and $ 108.5 million, respectively, not accruing interest. As of December 31, 2025, and 2024, First Guaranty had loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest totaling $ 0.8 million and $ 11.5 million, respectively. The average outstanding balance of nonaccrual loans in 2025 was $ 114.6 million compared to $ 63.4 million in 2024. The Bank held loans that were individually evaluated for impairment at December 31, 2025 for which the repayment, on the basis of the assessment at the reporting date, is expected to be provided substantially though the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The Allowance for Credit Losses for these collateral-dependent loans is primarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral at the reporting date. The following describes the type of collateral that secure collateral dependent loans: • Residential real estate loans are primarily secured by first liens on residential real estate. • Commercial real estate loans are primarily secured by office and industrial buildings, warehouses, retail shopping facilities and various special purpose properties, including hotels and restaurants. • Construction and land loans are primarily secured by residential and commercial properties, which are under construction and/or redevelopment, and by raw land. • Commercial loans are primarily secured by accounts receivable, inventory and equipment. • Agriculture loans are primarily secured by farmland and equipment. Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty Occasionally, the Bank modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing certain concessions, such as principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay, interest only for a specified period of time, an interest rate reduction, or a combination of such concessions. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. Upon the Bank’s determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or portion of the loan) is charged-off. Reportable modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty (MEFD) during the year ended December 31, 2025 consisted of $ 19.1 million term extensions and $ 12.3 million in modification of loan terms. The bank had $ 0 unfunded commitments to borrowers whose terms have been modified as a reportable MEFD as of December 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2025, there have been $ 0.8 million in loans that were modified with in the previous 12 months for which there has been payment default during the period. -98- Note 7. Premises and Equipment The components of premises and equipment at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows: (in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Land $ 13,942 $ 16,802 Bank premises 57,486 60,741 Furniture and equipment 33,180 32,946 Construction in progress 1,521 2,407 Acquired value 106,129 112,896 Less: accumulated depreciation 46,544 45,107 Net book value $ 59,585 $ 67,789 During 2025, First Guaranty transferred $ 4.4 million of properties consisting of branches or property for future development to other real estate owned. An impairment charge of $ 0.1 million was recognized in connection with the transfer. The properties are held for sale as of December 31, 2025. Depreciation expense amounted to $ 3.2 million and $ 3.4 million for 2025 and 2024, respectively. Interest cost capitalized as a construction cost was $ 0 for 2025 and 2024, respectively. Note 8. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are no longer amortized but are subject to impairment testing. First Guaranty is required to conduct testing of goodwill impairment periodically (at least annually) and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events, which are events or circumstances that make it more likely than not that the fair value of its goodwill is below its carrying amount. Goodwill totaled $ 0 at December 31, 2025 and $ 12.9 million at December 31, 2024. First Guaranty performed a quantitative impairment test as of September 30, 2025, using a combination of market and income approaches, including the guideline public company method, guideline precedent transaction method, and discounted cash flow analysis, which was triggered by First Guaranty's stock price trading below book value and the recent increase in credit provisions. Based on the results of the test, First Guaranty concluded the goodwill of $ 12.9 million was impaired; therefore, a one-time non-cash impairment charge was recorded. There were no impairment charges in prior years. Other intangible assets not subject to amortization totaled $ 0.1 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024. The following table summarizes intangible assets subject to amortization. December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Core deposit intangibles $ 16,266 $ 14,000 $ 2,266 $ 16,266 $ 13,303 $ 2,963 Loan servicing assets 2,200 1,928 272 2,200 1,789 411 Total $ 18,466 $ 15,928 $ 2,538 $ 18,466 $ 15,092 $ 3,374 The core deposits intangible reflect the value of deposit relationships, including the beneficial rates, which arose from acquisitions. The weighted-average amortization period remaining for the core deposit intangibles is 3.3 years. Amortization expense relating to purchase accounting intangibles totaled $ 0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Amortization expense of the core deposit intangible assets for their remaining life is as follows: For the Years Ended Estimated Amortization Expense (in thousands) December 31, 2026 $ 696 December 31, 2027 $ 696 December 31, 2028 $ 696 December 31, 2029 $ 177 -99- Note 9. Other Real Estate Other real estate owned consists of the following at the dates indicated: (in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Real Estate Owned Acquired by Foreclosure: Residential $ 351 $ 226 Construction & land development 8,161 3 Non-farm non-residential 26,572 90 Total Other Real Estate Owned and Foreclosed Property 35,084 319 Allowance for Other Real Estate Owned losses — — Net Other Real Estate Owned and Foreclosed Property $ 35,084 $ 319 During 2025, First Guaranty transferred $ 4.4 million of existing bank owned properties previously used as either operating branches or future branch development to other real estate owned. The properties are held for sale as of December 31, 2025. Loans secured by one-to-four family residential properties in the process of foreclosure totaled $ 1.8 million and $ 1.4 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Note 10. Deposits A schedule of maturities of all time deposits are as follows: (in thousands) December 31, 2025 2026 $ 976,966 2027 244,706 2028 263,085 2029 50,777 2030 302,331 2031 and thereafter 1,411 Total $ 1,839,276 The table above includes $ 1.1 billion in brokered deposits for December 31, 2025. The aggregate amount of jumbo time deposits, each with a minimum denomination of $250,000 totaled $ 174.7 million and $ 201.0 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Note 11. Borrowings Short-term borrowings are summarized as follows: (in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Federal Home Loan Bank advances $ — $ — Repurchase agreements 7,119 7,009 Line of credit — — Total short-term borrowings $ 7,119 $ 7,009 First Guaranty maintains borrowing relationships with other financial institutions as well as the Federal Home Loan Bank on a short and long-term basis to meet liquidity needs. First Guaranty had $ 7.1 million in short-term borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2025 compared to $ 7.0 million outstanding at December 31, 2024. Available lines of credit totaled $ 299.7 million at December 31, 2025 and $ 682.7 million at December 31, 2024. -100- The following schedule provides certain information about First Guaranty's short-term borrowings for the periods indicated: December 31, (in thousands except for %) 2025 2024 Outstanding at year end $ 7,119 $ 7,009 Maximum month-end outstanding $ 7,119 $ 66,982 Average daily outstanding $ 7,108 $ 24,849 Weighted average rate during the year 4.84 % 5.60 % Weighted average rate at year end 4.84 % 5.56 % Long-term debt is summarized as follows: Senior long-term debt, priced at floating Wall Street Journal Prime less 50 basis points ( 6.75 % as of December 31, 2025), totaled $ 14.2 million at December 31, 2025 and $ 15.2 million at December 31, 2024. First Guaranty refinanced this note with a commercial bank on October 2023, and a related party subsequently purchased the note from the commercial bank in the first quarter of 2025. In the quarter ended June 30, 2025, the parties amended the note to waive principal payments and permit interest payments in cash or common stock quarterly through March 30, 2026. On March 20, 2026, the note was further amended to extend the waiver of principal payments and permit quarterly interest payments in cash or common stock through March 31, 2028. This loan has a contractual maturity date of October 5, 2033. This long-term debt is secured by a pledge of 86.77 % ( 4,823,899 shares) of First Guaranty's interest in First Guaranty Bank (a wholly owned subsidiary). Junior subordinated debt, priced at Wall Street Journal Prime plus 75 basis points, totaled $ 0 at December 31, 2025 and $ 15.0 million December 31, 2024. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, First Guaranty entered into an Exchange Agreement under which the 2022 Note, due June 21, 2032, was exchanged for 1,981,506 shares of newly issued common stock. Junior subordinated debt, priced at Wall Street Journal Prime plus 75 basis points ( 8.25 % as of December 31, 2025), totaled $ 29.8 million at December 31, 2025 and $ 29.7 million at December 31, 2024. This note was issued in March of 2024. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, First Guaranty entered into an amendment permitting interest to be paid in cash or common stock through March 30, 2026. On March 20, 2026, the note was further amended to extend this provision through March 31, 2028. First Guaranty pays interest quarterly. The Note is unsecured and ranks junior in right of payment to any senior indebtedness and obligations to general and secured creditors. The current Note is scheduled to mature on March 28, 2034. The Note qualifies for treatment as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes. At December 31, 2025, letters of credit issued by the FHLB totaling $ 327.2 million were outstanding and carried as off-balance sheet items, all of which expire by 2029. At December 31, 2024, letters of credit issued by the FHLB totaling $ 455.7 million were outstanding and carried as off-balance sheet items, all of which expire by 2029. The letters of credit are solely used for pledging towards public fund deposits. The FHLB has a blanket lien on substantially all of the loans in First Guaranty's portfolio which is used to secure borrowing availability from the FHLB. First Guaranty has obtained a subordination agreement from the FHLB on First Guaranty's farmland, agricultural, and commercial and industrial loans. These loans are available to be pledged for additional reserve liquidity. As of December 31, 2025 obligations on long-term advances from FHLB, senior long-term debt and junior subordinated debentures totaled $ 179.0 million. The scheduled payments are as follows: (in thousands) Long-term Advances from FHLB Senior Long-term Debt Junior Subordinated Debentures 2026 $ — $ — $ — 2027 135,000 — — 2028 — 3,023 — 2029 — 4,031 — 2030 — 4,031 — 2031 and thereafter — 3,181 30,000 Subtotal $ 135,000 $ 14,266 $ 30,000 Debt issuance costs — ( 63 ) ( 195 ) Total $ 135,000 $ 14,203 $ 29,805 -101- Note 12. Capital Requirements First Guaranty and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal and state banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on First Guaranty's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, First Guaranty and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require First Guaranty and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to average assets. Management believes, as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, that First Guaranty and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements. In addition to establishing the minimum regulatory capital requirements, the regulations limit capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments to management if the institution does not hold a "capital conservation buffer" consisting of 2.5 % of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets above the amount necessary to meet its minimum risk-based capital requirements. The Bank's capital conservation buffer was 5.48 % at December 31, 2025. First Guaranty's capital conservation buffer was 4.52 % at December 31, 2025. In addition, as a result of the legislation, the federal banking agencies have developed a "Community Bank Leverage Ratio" (the ratio of a bank's Tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A "qualifying community bank" that elects to be subject to this provision and exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered "well capitalized" under Prompt Corrective Action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution's risk profile when evaluating whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. A financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The new rule took effect on January 1, 2020. Effective April 1, 2026, with early adoption available January 1, 2026, the community bank leverage ratio was reduced to 8%. The Bank has not elected to follow the Community Bank Leverage Ratio. -102- At December 31, 2025, we satisfied the minimum regulatory capital requirements and were well capitalized within the meaning of federal regulatory requirements. Actual Minimum Capital Requirements Minimum to be Well Capitalized Under Action Provisions (in thousands except for %) Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio December 31, 2025 Total Risk-based Capital: Bank $ 298,443 13.48 % $ 177,054 8.00 % $ 221,318 10.00 % Consolidated $ 290,783 13.12 % $ 177,273 8.00 % $ 221,592 10.00 % Tier 1 Capital: Bank $ 270,796 12.24 % $ 132,791 6.00 % $ 177,054 8.00 % Consolidated $ 233,136 10.52 % $ 132,955 6.00 % $ 177,273 8.00 % Tier 1 Leverage Capital: Bank $ 270,796 6.90 % $ 157,010 4.00 % $ 196,263 5.00 % Consolidated $ 233,136 5.93 % $ 157,333 4.00 % $ 196,667 N/A Common Equity Tier One Capital: Bank $ 270,796 12.24 % $ 99,593 4.50 % $ 143,856 6.50 % Consolidated $ 233,136 9.03 % $ 99,716 4.50 % $ 144,035 N/A December 31, 2024 Total Risk-based Capital: Bank $ 342,634 12.11 % $ 226,395 8.00 % $ 282,994 10.00 % Consolidated $ 332,125 11.73 % $ 226,583 8.00 % $ 283,229 10.00 % Tier 1 Capital: Bank $ 311,413 11.00 % $ 169,796 6.00 % $ 226,395 8.00 % Consolidated $ 255,904 9.04 % $ 169,937 6.00 % $ 226,583 8.00 % Tier 1 Leverage Capital: Bank $ 311,413 7.82 % $ 159,319 4.00 % $ 199,149 5.00 % Consolidated $ 255,904 6.42 % $ 159,330 4.00 % $ 199,162 N/A Common Equity Tier One Capital: Bank $ 311,413 11.00 % $ 127,347 4.50 % $ 183,946 6.50 % Consolidated $ 255,904 7.87 % $ 127,453 4.50 % $ 184,099 N/A -103- Note 13. Dividend Restrictions The Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB") has stated that, generally, a bank holding company should not maintain a rate of distributions to shareholders unless its available net income has been sufficient to fully fund the distributions, and the prospective rate of earnings retention appears consistent with the bank holding company's capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. As a Louisiana corporation, First Guaranty is restricted under the Louisiana corporate law from paying dividends under certain conditions. First Guaranty Bank may not pay dividends or distribute capital assets if it is in default on any assessment due to the FDIC. First Guaranty Bank is also subject to regulations that impose minimum regulatory capital and minimum state law earnings requirements that affect the amount of cash available for distribution. In addition, under the Louisiana Banking Law, dividends may not be paid if it would reduce the unimpaired surplus below 50 % of outstanding capital stock in any year. The Bank is restricted under applicable laws in the payment of dividends to an amount equal to current year earnings plus undistributed earnings for the immediately preceding year, unless prior permission is received from the Commissioner of Financial Institutions for the State of Louisiana. Dividends payable by the Bank in 2026 without permission will be limited to 2026 earnings. In addition, our ability to pay dividends will continue to be subject, among other things, to certain regulatory guidance and/or restrictions. Accordingly, at January 1, 2026, $ 263.9 million of First Guaranty's equity in the net assets of the Bank was restricted. In addition, dividends paid by the Bank to First Guaranty would be prohibited if the effect thereof would cause the Bank's capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements. Note 14. Related Party Transactions In the normal course of business, First Guaranty and its subsidiary, First Guaranty Bank, have loans, deposits and other transactions with its executive officers, directors, affiliates and certain business organizations and individuals with which such persons are associated. These transactions are completed with terms no less favorable than current market rates. An analysis of the activity of loans made to such borrowers during the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 follows: December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Balance, beginning of year $ 48,013 $ 55,885 Net (Decrease) Increase ( 10,931 ) ( 7,872 ) Balance, end of year $ 37,082 $ 48,013 Unfunded commitments to First Guaranty and Bank directors and executive officers totaled $ 17.6 million and $ 22.6 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. At December 31, 2025 First Guaranty and the Bank had deposits from directors and executives totaling $ 93.0 million. There were no participations in loans purchased from affiliated financial institutions included in First Guaranty's loan portfolio in 2025 or 2024. During the years ended 2025 and 2024, First Guaranty paid approximately $ 0.2 million and $ 0.3 million, respectively, for printing services and supplies and office furniture and equipment to Champion Industries, Inc., of which Mr. Marshall T. Reynolds, the Chairman of First Guaranty's Board of Directors, is President, Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board of Directors and a major shareholder of Champion. On December 21, 2015, First Guaranty issued a $ 15.0 million subordinated note (the "2015 Note") to Edgar Ray Smith III, a director of First Guaranty. The 2015 Note had a ten-year term (non-callable for first five years ) and bore interest at a fixed annual rate of 4.0 % for the first five years of the term and then adjusted to a floating rate based on the Prime Rate as reported by the Wall Street Journal plus 75 basis points for the period of time after the fifth year until redemption or maturity. On June 21, 2022, First Guaranty issued a $ 15.0 million subordinated note (the “2022 Note”) to Mr. Smith, and used the proceeds of such issuance to redeem the 2015 Note in full. The 2022 Note had a ten-year term (non-callable for the first five years ) and bore interest at a floating rate based on the Prime Rate as reported by the Wall Street Journal plus 75 basis points. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, First Guaranty entered into an Exchange Agreement under which the 2022 Note, due June 21, 2032, was exchanged for 1,981,506 shares of newly issued common stock. During 2024, First Guaranty paid interest of $ 1.4 million on the 2022 Note. On March 28, 2024, First Guaranty issued a $ 30.0 million subordinated note (the "2024 Note") to Smith & Tate Investment, L.L.C., a company controlled by Edgar Ray Smith III, a director of First Guaranty. The 2024 Note has a ten-year term, maturing on March 28, 2034, is non-callable for the first five years , and bears interest at a floating rate based on the Prime Rate as reported by the Wall Street Journal plus 75 basis points. During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, First Guaranty entered into an amendment permitting interest to be paid in cash or common stock through March 31, 2026. On March 20, 2026, the note was further amended to extend this provision through March 31, 2028. During 2025, First Guaranty issued 248,122 shares as payment-in-kind interest on the 2024 Note. During 2024, First Guaranty paid interest of $ 1.9 million, on the 2024 Note. First Guaranty has senior long-term debt (the "Senior Note") with Smith & Tate Investment, L.L.C., a company controlled by Edgar Ray Smith III, a director of First Guaranty. The note, refinanced in October 2023 and transferred to Smith & Tate in 2025, is priced at floating Wall Street Journal Prime less 50 basis points ( 6.75 % as of December 31, 2025). The Senior Note totaled $ 14.2 million at December 31, 2025 and $ 15.2 million at December 31, 2024. This loan has a contractual maturity date of October 5, 2033. In the quarter ended June 30, 2025, the parties amended the note to waive principal payments and permit interest payments in cash or common stock through March 31, 2026. On March 20, 2026, the note was further amended to extend the waiver of principal payments and permit quarterly interest payments in cash or common stock through March 31, 2028. During 2025, First Guaranty paid $ 1.0 million of principal and $ 0.3 million of interest and issued 113,331 shares of common stock as payment-in-kind interest on the Senior Note. -104- During the years ended 2025 and 2024, First Guaranty paid approximately $ 7,000 and $ 63,000 , respectively, for the purchase and maintenance of First Guaranty's automobiles to subsidiaries of Hood Automotive Group. Hood Automotive Group was led by William K. Hood, who served as a director of First Guaranty until his passing in 2025. During the years ended 2025 and 2024, First Guaranty paid approximately $ 0 and $ 9,300 , respectively, for architectural services in relation to bank branches to Gasaway Gasaway Bankston Architects, of which bank subsidiary board member Andrew B. Gasaway is part owner. During the years ended 2025 and 2024, First Guaranty paid approximately $ 0.8 million, respectively, to Centurion Insurance, an insurance brokerage agency, to bind coverage at market terms for property casualty insurance and health insurance. First Guaranty owns a 50 % interest in Centurion and accounts for this investment under the equity method. On June 28, 2024, the Bank consummated a sale-leaseback transaction relating to two stand-alone branches and a portion of the headquarters building which also contains a branch (collectively, the “Properties”). The Bank sold the Properties to a partnership owned by Marshall T. Reynolds, William K. Hood and Edgar R. Smith III, directors of First Guaranty, for an aggregate cash purchase price of $ 14.7 million. The Bank also agreed to lease the Properties back from this partnership. The sale-leaseback transaction resulted in a pre-tax gain of approximately $ 13.3 million, or $ 10.5 million after tax, during 2024. During the year ended 2025 and 2024, the Bank paid approximately $ 1.3 million and $ 0.6 million to the partnership pursuant to the leasing of the Properties. Note 15. Employee Benefit Plans First Guaranty has an employee savings plan to which employees, who meet certain service requirements, may defer 1 % up to the IRS legal limit of their base salaries, 6 % of which may be matched up to 100 %, at its sole discretion. There were no contributions to the savings plan during 2025 and 2024. On May 19, 2022 the shareholders of First Guaranty adopted the First Guaranty Bank Equity Bonus Plan, which established an equity bonus pool of 80,000 shares. All full time employees of First Guaranty were eligible to participate. In May of 2024, 29,293 shares were distributed to five members of executive management. Grant date fair market value of the shares issued was $ 333,000 . All shares were vested on the date of issuance. The plan expired in 2024. Note 16. Other Expenses The following is a summary of the significant components of other noninterest expense: December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Other noninterest expense: Legal and professional fees $ 3,412 $ 4,465 Data processing 1,353 1,555 ATM Fees 1,674 1,668 Marketing and public relations 729 1,240 Taxes - sales, capital and franchise 1,822 2,237 Operating supplies 200 336 Software expense and amortization 4,904 5,093 Travel and lodging 419 685 Telephone 374 424 Amortization of core deposits 696 696 Donations 224 267 Net costs from other real estate and repossessions 902 827 Regulatory assessment 6,708 4,688 Other 5,180 4,465 Total other noninterest expense $ 28,597 $ 28,646 First Guaranty does not capitalize advertising costs. They are expensed as incurred and are included in other noninterest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income. Advertising expense was $ 0.1 million for 2025 and $ 0.4 million for 2024. -105- Note 17. Income Taxes The following is a summary of the provision for income taxes included in the Consolidated Statements of Income: December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Current: Federal $ ( 73 ) $ 3,178 State (1) ( 417 ) 340 Total Current ( 490 ) 3,518 Deferred: Federal ( 11,817 ) 40 State ( 231 ) — Total Deferred ( 12,048 ) 40 Total $ ( 12,538 ) $ 3,558 (1) For the years presented , Texas, West Virginia and Kentucky make up the taxes in this category. The following table presents income taxes paid, net of refunds for the periods below: December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Federal $ 4,100 $ — State 50 — Total $ 4,150 $ — The difference between income taxes computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate and the provision for income taxes in the financial statements is reconciled as follows: December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in thousands except for %) Amount Rate Amount Rate Federal income taxes at statutory rate $ ( 14,398 ) ( 21.0 ) % $ 3,361 21.0 % State tax, net of federal income tax effect (1) ( 512 ) ( 0.8 ) % 268 1.7 % Tax exempt municipal income ( 152 ) ( 0.2 ) % ( 146 ) ( 0.9 ) % Goodwill impairment not deductible 2,709 4.0 % — — % Other ( 185 ) ( 0.3 ) % 75 0.4 % Total $ ( 12,538 ) ( 18.3 ) % $ 3,558 22.2 % (1) For the years presented , Texas, West Virginia and Kentucky make up the taxes in this category. -106- Deferred taxes are recorded based upon differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, and available tax credit carry forwards. Temporary differences between the financial statement and tax values of assets and liabilities give rise to deferred taxes. The significant components of deferred taxes classified in First Guaranty's Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows: December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Deferred tax assets: Allowance for credit losses $ 8,907 $ 7,596 Unrealized losses on available for sale securities — 677 Unrealized losses on available for sale securities transferred to held to maturity 2,458 2,743 Net operating loss 10,638 822 Other 705 277 Gross deferred tax assets 22,708 12,115 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization ( 1,668 ) ( 2,058 ) Core deposit intangibles ( 485 ) ( 622 ) Discount on purchased loans ( 99 ) ( 118 ) Other real estate owned ( 75 ) — Unrealized gains on available for sale securities ( 515 ) — Other ( 1,196 ) ( 1,367 ) Gross deferred tax liabilities ( 4,038 ) ( 4,165 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 18,670 $ 7,950 First Guaranty determined that the net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2025 and 2024 was more likely than not to be realized based on an assessment of all available positive and negative evidence, and therefore no valuation allowance was recorded. Net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes were $ 49.7 million and $ 3.9 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The carryforwards were the result of the net operating loss generated in 2025 of $ 46.2 million and amounts acquired in 2017 in the Premier acquisition. The acquisition related losses expire from 2027 to 2034, and will be utilized subject to annual Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations. The net operating loss generated in 2025 can offset up to 80% of future taxable income and can be carried forward indefinitely. ASC 740-10, Income Taxes, clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the consolidated financial statements recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. First Guaranty does not believe it has any unrecognized tax benefits included in its consolidated financial statements. First Guaranty has not had any settlements in the current period with taxing authorities, nor has it recognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations. First Guaranty recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits, if applicable, in noninterest expense. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, First Guaranty did no t recognize any interest or penalties in its consolidated financial statements, no r has it recorded an accrued liability for interest or penalty payments. -107- Note 18. Commitments and Contingencies Off-balance sheet commitments First Guaranty is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby and commercial letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of the involvement in particular classes of financial instruments. The exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby and commercial letters of credit is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. The same credit policies are used in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for balance sheet instruments. Unless otherwise noted, collateral or other security is not required to support financial instruments with credit risk. Set forth below is a summary of the notional amounts of the financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Contract Amount December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 (in thousands) Commitments to Extend Credit $ 70,846 $ 134,178 Unfunded Commitments under lines of credit $ 161,690 $ 186,006 Commercial and Standby letters of credit $ 18,531 $ 13,576 Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer's creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary upon extension of credit, is based on Management's credit evaluation of the counterpart. Collateral requirements vary but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, residential real estate and commercial properties. Standby and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments to guaranty the performance of a customer to a third party. These guaranties are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. The majority of these guaranties are short-term, one year or less; however, some guaranties extend for up to three years . The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities. Collateral requirements are the same as on-balance sheet instruments and commitments to extend credit. Allowance For Credit Losses - Off- Balance-Sheet Credit Exposures The provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments was a reversal of $ 0.5 million and $ 1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The ACL on off-balance-sheet credit exposures total $ 0.7 million at December 31, 2025 and $ 1.2 million at December 31, 2024 and is included in other liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Litigation First Guaranty is subject to various legal proceedings in the normal course of its business. First Guaranty assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings. Where it is probable that First Guaranty will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, First Guaranty records a liability in its consolidated financial statements. First Guaranty does not record a loss if the loss is not probable or the amount of the loss is not estimable. First Guaranty Bank is a defendant in a lawsuit alleging fault for a loss of funds by a customer related to fraud by a third party with a possible loss range of $ 0.0 million to $ 1.5 million. The Bank denies the allegations and intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit, which is in early stages and no trial date has been set. No accrued liability has been recorded related to this lawsuit. In the opinion of management, neither First Guaranty nor First Guaranty Bank is currently involved in such legal proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, that the resolution is expected to have a material adverse effect on First Guaranty’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. However, one or more unfavorable outcomes in these ordinary claims or litigation against First Guaranty or First Guaranty Bank could have a material adverse effect for the period in which they are resolved. In addition, regardless of their merits or ultimate outcomes, such matters are costly, divert management’s attention, and may materially and adversely affect the reputation of First Guaranty and First Guaranty Bank, even if resolved favorably. -108- Note 19. Leases First Guaranty’s primary leasing activities relate to certain real estate leases of a portion of the main office, certain branches, and certain ATM locations. These leases have all been designated as operating leases. First Guaranty does not lease equipment under operating leases, and does not have leases designated as financing leases. On June 28, 2024 First Guaranty sold three properties owned by it, two stand-alone branches and a portion of the headquarters building which also contains a branch, to a partnership owned by certain directors of First Guaranty. The aggregate purchase price was approximately $ 14.7 million. All of the properties are located in Louisiana. First Guaranty concurrently entered into absolute net lease agreements with the partnership under which First Guaranty will lease each of the properties. Each of the lease agreements has an initial term of 15 years. Annual payments due under the leases total approximately $ 1.3 million. The sale-leaseback transaction resulted in a pre-tax gain of approximately $ 13.3 million. First Guaranty recorded operating right-of-use ("ROU") assets and corresponding lease liabilities of $ 11.5 million and $ 11.5 million, respectively, in connection with the sale-leaseback transaction. Information concerning First Guaranty’s leases is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2025 Year Ended December 31, 2024 Weighted-average lease term (in years) 13.3 14.3 Weighted-average discount rate 7.9 % 7.9 % First Guaranty’s operating lease ROU assets were $ 11.1 million and $ 11.6 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and the related operating lease liabilities were $ 11.2 million and $ 11.6 million, respectively. The ROU asset is included in Other Assets on the balance sheet, and the related operating lease liabilities are included in Other liabilities . Operating lease expense, including short-term leases, is included in occupancy expense in the amount of $ 1.7 million and $ 1.1 million for the years ending December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Cash payment for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities of $ 1.4 million and $ 0.8 million were included in operating cash flows for the respective years. The following table reports minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2025: (in thousands) 2026 $ 1,406 2027 1,406 2028 1,351 2029 1,307 2030 1,326 Thereafter 11,471 Total lease payments 18,267 Less: interest ( 7,102 ) Present value of lease liabilities $ 11,165 -109- Note 20. Fair Value Measurements The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. Valuation techniques use certain inputs to arrive at fair value. Inputs to valuation techniques are the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. They may be observable or unobservable. First Guaranty uses a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows: Level 1 Inputs – Unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 Inputs – Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds or credit risks) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means. Level 3 Inputs – Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity's own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities. A description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value follows, as well as the classification of such instruments within the valuation hierarchy. Securities available for sale. Securities are classified within Level 1 where quoted market prices are available in an active market. Inputs include securities that have quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. If quoted market prices are unavailable, fair value is estimated using quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, at which point the securities would be classified within Level 2 of the hierarchy. Securities classified Level 3 as of December 31, 2025 includes corporate debt and municipal securities. Loans evaluated individually . Fair value is measured by either the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent (Level 2 or Level 3), or the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate (Level 3). Fair value of the collateral is determined by appraisals or by independent valuation. Other real estate owned. Properties are recorded at the balance of the loan or at estimated fair value less estimated selling costs, whichever is less, at the date acquired. Fair values of other real estate owned ("OREO") at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are determined by sales agreement or appraisal, and costs to sell are based on estimation per the terms and conditions of the sales agreement or amounts commonly used in real estate transactions. Inputs include appraisal values or recent sales activity for similar assets in the property's market; thus OREO measured at fair value would be classified within either Level 2 or Level 3 of the hierarchy. During 2025, First Guaranty transferred $ 4.4 million of existing bank owned properties previously used as either operating branches or future branch development to other real estate owned. Those properties were available for sales as of December 31, 2025. The properties are included in Level 3 as of December 31, 2025. Certain non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis including assets and liabilities related to reporting units measured at fair value in the testing of goodwill impairment, as well as intangible assets and other non-financial long-lived assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment. The following table summarizes financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value: (in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Available for Sale Securities Fair Value Measurements Using: Level 1: Quoted Prices in Active Markets For Identical Assets $ 98,149 $ 147,780 Level 2: Significant Other Observable Inputs 555,565 127,222 Level 3: Significant Unobservable Inputs 22,878 6,095 Securities available for sale measured at fair value $ 676,592 $ 281,097 First Guaranty's valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While Management believes the methodologies used are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value. The change in Level 1 securities available for sale from December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2025 was due to a net decrease in Treasury bills of $ 49.6 million. There were no transfers between Level 1 and 2 securities available for sale from December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2025. There were $ 17.1 million in municipal bonds transferred from level Level 2 to Level 3 from December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2025. -110- The following table reconciles assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs ( Level 3 ): Level 3 Changes (in thousands) December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Balance, beginning of year $ 6,095 $ 10,483 Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized): Included in earnings — — Included in other comprehensive income 121 230 Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net ( 473 ) ( 4,618 ) Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 17,135 — Balance as of end of year $ 22,878 $ 6,095 There were no gains or losses for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held as of December 31, 2025. The following table measures financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value: (in thousands) At December 31, 2025 At December 31, 2024 Fair Value Measurements Using: Loan Individually Evaluated for Impairment Level 1: Quoted Prices in Active Markets For Identical Assets $ — $ — Level 2: Significant Other Observable Inputs — — Level 3: Significant Unobservable Inputs 43,809 50,449 Individually evaluated loans measured at fair value $ 43,809 $ 50,449 Fair Value Measurements Using: Other Real Estate Owned Level 1: Quoted Prices in Active Markets For Identical Assets $ — $ — Level 2: Significant Other Observable Inputs — 319 Level 3: Significant Unobservable Inputs 35,084 — Other real estate owned measured at fair value $ 35,084 $ 319 ASC 825-10 provides First Guaranty with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The fair value option established by this statement permits First Guaranty to choose to measure eligible items at fair value at specified election dates and report unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each reporting date subsequent to implementation. First Guaranty has chosen not to elect the fair value option for any items that are not already required to be measured at fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. -111- Note 21. Financial Instruments Fair value estimates are generally subjective in nature and are dependent upon a number of significant assumptions associated with each instrument or group of similar instruments, including estimates of discount rates, risks associated with specific financial instruments, estimates of future cash flows and relevant available market information. Fair value information is intended to represent an estimate of an amount at which a financial instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between a willing buyer and seller engaging in an exchange transaction. However, since there are no established trading markets for a significant portion of First Guaranty's financial instruments, First Guaranty may not be able to immediately settle financial instruments; as such, the fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized through immediate settlement. In addition, the majority of the financial instruments, such as loans and deposits, are held to maturity and are realized or paid according to the contractual agreement with the customer. Quoted market prices are used to estimate fair values when available. However, due to the nature of the financial instruments, in many instances quoted market prices are not available. Accordingly, estimated fair values have been estimated based on other valuation techniques, such as discounting estimated future cash flows using a rate commensurate with the risks involved or other acceptable methods. Fair values are estimated without regard to any premium or discount that may result from concentrations of ownership of financial instruments, possible income tax ramifications or estimated transaction costs. The fair value estimates are subjective in nature and involve matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Fair values are also estimated at a specific point in time and are based on interest rates and other assumptions at that date. As events change the assumptions underlying these estimates, the fair values of financial instruments will change. Disclosure of fair values is not required for certain items such as lease financing, investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting, obligations of pension and other postretirement benefits, premises and equipment, other real estate, prepaid expenses, the value of long-term relationships with depositors (core deposit intangibles) and other customer relationships, other intangible assets and income tax assets and liabilities. Fair value estimates are presented for existing on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses have not been considered in the estimates. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not purport to represent and should not be considered representative of the underlying market or franchise value of First Guaranty. Because the standard permits many alternative calculation techniques and because numerous assumptions have been used to estimate the fair values, reasonable comparison of the fair value information with other financial institutions' fair value information cannot necessarily be made. The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of financial instruments are as follows: Cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with banks, federal funds sold and federal funds purchased . These items are generally short-term and the carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets are a reasonable estimation of the fair values. Cash and due from bank for the purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows include cash on hand, balances due from banks: which includes non-interest and interest-bearing accounts, and federal funds sold, all of which mature within ninety days. Investment Securities. Fair values are principally based on quoted market prices. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments or the use of discounted cash flow analyses. Loans Held for Sale. Fair values of mortgage loans held for sale are based on commitments on hand from investors or prevailing market prices. These loans are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Loans, net . Market values are computed present values using net present value formulas. The present value is the sum of the present value of all projected cash flows on an item at a specified discount rate. The discount rate is set as an appropriate rate index, plus or minus an appropriate spread. These loans are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Loan individually evaluated for impairment. Fair value is measured by either the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent (Level 2 or Level 3), or the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate (Level 3). Fair value of the collateral is determined by appraisals or by independent valuation. Accrued interest receivable. The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable approximates its fair value. -112- Deposits. The fair value of customer deposits, excluding certificates of deposit, is the amount payable on demand. Market values of certificates of deposit are actually computed present values using net present value formulas. The present value is the sum of the present value of all projected cash flows on an item at a specified discount rate. The discount rate is set as an appropriate rate index, plus or minus an appropriate spread. Deposits are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Accrued interest payable. The carrying amount of accrued interest payable approximates its fair value. Borrowings . The carrying amount of federal funds purchased and other short-term borrowings approximate their fair values. The fair value of First Guaranty's long-term borrowings is computed using net present value formulas. The present value is the sum of the present value of all projected cash flows on an item at a specified discount rate. The discount rate is set as an appropriate rate index, plus or minus an appropriate spread. Borrowings are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at December 31, 2025 were as follows: Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2025 Using (in thousands) Carrying Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Cash and due from banks $ 845,150 $ 845,150 $ — $ — $ 845,150 Federal funds sold 551 551 — — 551 Securities, available for sale 676,592 98,149 555,565 22,878 676,592 Securities, held for maturity 322,675 — 268,094 — 268,094 Loans, net 2,029,047 — — 2,025,685 2,025,685 Accrued interest receivable 12,455 — — 12,455 12,455 Liabilities Deposits $ 3,632,877 $ — $ — $ 3,643,821 3,643,821 Repurchase agreements 7,119 — — 7,160 7,160 Accrued interest payable 17,637 — — 17,637 17,637 Long-term advances from Federal Home Loan Bank 135,000 — — 136,529 136,529 Senior long-term debt 14,203 — — 14,266 14,266 Junior subordinated debentures 29,805 — — 30,000 30,000 -113- The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at December 31, 2024 were as follows: Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2024 Using (in thousands) Carrying Amount Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Cash and due from banks $ 563,778 $ 563,778 $ — $ — $ 563,778 Federal funds sold 430 430 — — 430 Securities, available for sale 281,097 147,780 127,222 6,095 281,097 Securities, held for maturity 321,622 — 251,458 — 251,458 Loans, net 2,658,969 — — 2,508,440 2,508,440 Accrued interest receivable 14,850 — — 14,850 14,850 Liabilities Deposits $ 3,476,260 $ — $ — $ 3,475,411 3,475,411 Repurchase agreements 7,009 — — 7,005 7,005 Accrued interest payable 20,437 — — 20,437 20,437 Long-term advances from Federal Home Loan Bank 135,000 — — 134,977 134,977 Senior long-term debt 15,169 — — 15,274 15,274 Junior subordinated debentures 44,745 — — 45,000 45,000 There is no material difference between the contract amount and the estimated fair value of off-balance sheet items that are primarily comprised of short-term unfunded loan commitments that are generally at market prices. -114- Note 22. Concentrations of Credit and Other Risks First Guaranty monitors loan portfolio concentrations by region, collateral type, loan type, and industry on a monthly basis and has established maximum thresholds as a percentage of its capital to ensure that the desired mix and diversification of its loan portfolio is achieved. First Guaranty is compliant with the established thresholds as of December 31, 2025. Personal, commercial and residential loans are granted to customers, most of who reside in northern and southern areas of Louisiana. Although First Guaranty has a diversified loan portfolio, significant portions of the loans are collateralized by real estate located in Tangipahoa Parish and surrounding parishes in Southeast Louisiana. Declines in the Louisiana economy could result in lower real estate values which could, under certain circumstances, result in losses to First Guaranty. The distribution of commitments to extend credit approximates the distribution of loans outstanding. Commercial and standby letters of credit were granted primarily to commercial borrowers. Approximately 25.5 % of First Guaranty's deposits are derived from local governmental agencies at December 31, 2025. These governmental depositing authorities are generally long-term customers. A number of the depositing authorities are under contractual obligation to maintain their operating funds exclusively with First Guaranty. In most cases, First Guaranty is required to pledge securities or letters of credit issued by the Federal Home Loan Bank to the depositing authorities to collateralize their deposits. Under certain circumstances, the withdrawal of all of, or a significant portion of, the deposits of one or more of the depositing authorities may result in a temporary reduction in liquidity, depending primarily on the maturities and/or classifications of the securities pledged against such deposits and the ability to replace such deposits with either new deposits or other borrowings. Public fund deposits totaled $ 0.9 billion at December 31, 2025. Note 23. Subsequent Events On March 10, 2026, First Guaranty and its wholly owned subsidiary, First Guaranty Bank, entered into a definitive purchase and assumption agreement with Armstrong Bank, headquartered in Muskogee, Oklahoma, for the sale of First Guaranty Bank’s Texas operations. The transaction has been approved by the respective boards of directors of the parties and is expected to close during the third quarter of 2026, subject to customary regulatory approvals and other closing conditions. Pursuant to the agreement, First Guaranty Bank will exit the Texas market through the sale of its five Texas branch locations, consisting of four branches in the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area and one branch in Waco, Texas. The transaction is expected to include approximately $ 270 million in deposits and approximately $ 110 million in loans. The transaction provides for a deposit premium of 7.65 % and is expected to increase First Guaranty Bank’s Tier 1 leverage ratio by approximately 100 basis points upon closing. On March 20, 2026, First Guaranty entered into a second amendment to its promissory note with Smith & Tate Investment, L.L.C., which further amends the promissory note originally dated October 5, 2023, as previously amended on June 4, 2025. The second amendment extends the existing waiver of quarterly principal payments from March 31, 2026 through March 31, 2028 and extends First Guaranty’s option during this period to satisfy interest payments either in cash or through the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock, based on the closing bid price immediately preceding the interest payment date. Smith & Tate is controlled by Edgar Ray Smith, III, a director and principal shareholder of First Guaranty. On March 20, 2026, First Guaranty entered into a second amendment to its Floating Rate Subordinated Note due March 28, 2034 with Smith & Tate, which further amended the subordinated note previously amended on June 4, 2025. The second amendment extends First Guaranty’s ability to elect to satisfy quarterly interest payments either in cash or through the issuance of shares of First Guaranty’s common stock, based on the closing bid price immediately preceding the interest payment date. Smith & Tate is controlled by Edgar Ray Smith, III, a director and principal shareholder of First Guaranty. -115- Note 24. Condensed Parent Company Information The following condensed financial information reflects the accounts and transactions of First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. for the dates indicated: First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. Condensed Balance Sheets December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Assets Cash $ 3,883 $ 2,541 Investment in bank subsidiary 263,878 310,558 Other assets 2,761 2,707 Total Assets $ 270,522 $ 315,806 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Short-term debt — — Senior long-term debt 14,203 15,169 Junior subordinated debentures 29,805 44,745 Other liabilities 296 843 Total Liabilities 44,304 60,757 Shareholders' Equity 226,218 255,049 Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 270,522 $ 315,806 First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. Condensed Statements of Income December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Operating Income Dividends received from bank subsidiary $ — $ 9,330 Net gains on sale of equity securities — — Other income 652 655 Total operating income 652 9,985 Operating Expenses Interest expense 4,365 5,748 Salaries & Benefits 145 205 Other expenses 952 1,076 Total operating expenses 5,462 7,029 (Loss) income before income tax benefit and increase in equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary ( 4,810 ) 2,956 Income tax benefit 1,028 1,352 (Loss) income before (decrease) increase in equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary ( 3,782 ) 4,308 (Decrease) increase in equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary ( 52,240 ) 8,140 Net (Loss) Income $ ( 56,022 ) $ 12,448 -116- First Guaranty Bancshares, Inc. Condensed Statements of Cash Flows December 31, (in thousands) 2025 2024 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ ( 56,022 ) $ 12,448 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Decrease (increase) in equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiary 52,240 ( 8,140 ) Depreciation and amortization — — Net change in other assets and liabilities, net 1,974 729 Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities ( 1,808 ) 5,037 Cash flows from investing activities: Proceeds from sales of equity securities — — Funds invested in equity securities — — Funds invested in bank subsidiary — — Net cash used in investing activities — — Cash flows from financing activities: Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings — ( 10,000 ) Proceeds from long-term borrowings, net of costs — 29,700 Repayment of long-term debt ( 1,008 ) ( 24,030 ) Net proceeds from issuance of common stock 7,046 — Subsidiary payment for stock grants issued — 334 Dividends paid ( 2,888 ) ( 7,455 ) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 3,150 ( 11,451 ) Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,342 ( 6,414 ) Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 2,541 8,955 Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period $ 3,883 $ 2,541 Note 25. Segment Reporting First Guaranty is engaged in a single line of business as a financial institution, which provides a full range of banking, financial and trust services to state, county and local government entities and individuals and small and commercial businesses. First Guaranty has identified its President and Chief Executive Officer as the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), who uses consolidated net income (see Consolidated Statements of Income) to determine how resources should be allocated and manage First Guaranty. First Guaranty’s operations constitute a single operating segment and therefore, a single reportable segment, because the CODM manages the business activities using information of First Guaranty as a whole. The accounting policies used to measure the profit and loss of the segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies described in Note 1 included in Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. First Guaranty’s most significant reported source of income and expense are interest income and interest expense (see Consolidated Statements of Income). The remaining significant segment income and expenses are described in the Consolidated Statements of Income. -117- Item 9 - Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None