Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that the value or yield of fixed-income investments may decline if interest rates change. Fluctuations in interest rates may impact the level of income and expense recorded on the cash equivalents and short-term investments, and the market value of all interest-earning assets, other than those which possess a short-term to maturity. A 10% change in the interest rate in effect on September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, would not have a material effect on (i) fair value of the cash equivalents and short-term investments as the majority of the portfolio has a maturity date of three months or less, or (ii) interest income. Management continues to monitor external interest rates and revise the Company’s investment strategy as a result.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had net interest income of $15.3 million (September 30, 2019 – $20.5 million). During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company’s average variable interest rate fell 0.03% and 1.44%, respectively. Had the interest rates been consistent, net interest income would have increased by $0.3 million and $15.2 million, respectively for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Foreign currency risk
The Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report are expressed in U.S. dollars. In addition the Company has net assets, liabilities and revenues denominated in foreign currencies, including Canadian dollars and Israeli new shekels. As a result, we are exposed to foreign currency translation gains and losses. Revenue and expenses of all foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the foreign currency exchange rates that approximate the rates in effect during the period when such items are recognized. Appreciating foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will adversely impact operating income and net earnings, while depreciating foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will have a positive impact.
A 10% change in the exchange rates for the Canadian dollar would affect the carrying value of net assets by approximately $166.3 million as of September 30, 2020. The same change to exchange rates for the Canadian dollar as of December 31, 2019 would affect the carrying value of net assets by approximately $174.9 million. The corresponding impact would be recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. We have not historically engaged in hedging transactions and do not currently contemplate engaging in hedging transactions to mitigate foreign exchange risks. As we continue to recognize gains and losses in foreign currency transactions, depending upon changes in future currency rates, such gains or losses could have a significant, and potentially adverse, effect on the results of operations.
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