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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

2025-05-07 compared with 2024-11-12 · 154 added, 298 removed, 215 unchanged (68% of the section changed)

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion focuses on the consolidated financial condition of the Company at September 30, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023, and the consolidated results of operations for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024, compared to the same periods in 2023.

The following discussion focuses on the consolidated financial condition of the Company at March 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024, and the consolidated results of operations for the three month period ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period in 2024.

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), relating to such matters as the Company’s financial condition, anticipated operating results, cash flows, business line results, credit quality expectations, prospects for new lines of business, economic trends (including interest rates) and similar matters.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), relating to such matters as financial condition, anticipated operating results, cash flows, business line results, credit quality expectations, prospects for new lines of business, economic trends (including interest rates) and similar matters.

Forward-looking statements reflect our expectations, estimates or projections concerning future results or events.

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Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance and are inherently subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict and could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

• current and future economic and financial market conditions, including the effects of inflation, recession, unemployment, changes in interest rates, fiscal and monetary policy, an increasing federal government budget deficit, the failure of the federal government to raise the federal debt ceiling and/or possible future U.S.

government shutdowns over budget disagreements, uncertainties surrounding the November 2024 U.S.

Presidential election and potential changes in the U.S.

Senate and House of Representatives, slowing gross domestic product, tariffs, a U.S.

withdrawal from or renegotiation of trade agreements, trade wars, and other factors beyond our control, any of which may result in adverse impacts on our deposit levels and composition, the quality of investment securities available for purchase, demand for loans, the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans, and the value of the collateral securing loans made by Civista;

Such forward-looking statements could include, but are not limited to:

• current and future economic and financial market conditions, including the effects of inflation, recession, unemployment, changes in interest rates, fiscal and monetary policy, an increasing federal government budget deficit, slowing gross domestic product, tariffs, trade wars, and other factors beyond our control, any of which may result in adverse impacts on our deposit levels and composition, the quality of investment securities available for purchase, demand for loans, the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans, and the value of the collateral securing loans made by Civista;

• recent and future bank failures may reduce customer confidence, affect sources of funding and liquidity, increase regulatory requirements and costs, adversely affect financial markets and/or have a negative reputational impact on the banking industry as a whole, any of which could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations;

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• unexpected losses of services of our key management personnel, or the inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future;

• risks inherent in pursuing strategic growth initiatives, including integration and other risks involved in past, pending and possible future acquisitions;

• uncertainty regarding the nature, timing, cost and effect of legislative or regulatory changes in the banking industry or otherwise affecting the Company, including major reform of the regulatory oversight structure of the financial services industry and

• risks inherent in pursuing strategic growth initiatives, including integration and other risks involved in past and possible future acquisitions;

• changes in federal, state and/or local tax laws;

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

1 unchanged sentence

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

changes in laws and regulations concerning taxes, FDIC insurance premium levels, pensions, bankruptcy, consumer protection, rent regulation and housing, financial accounting and reporting, environmental protection, insurance, bank products and services, bank and bank holding company capital and liquidity standards, fiduciary standards, securities and other aspects of the financial services industry;

• changes in federal, state and/or local tax laws;

• the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and other regulatory agencies, may adversely affect our reported financial condition or results of operations;

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Financial Condition

Total assets of the Company at September 30, 2024 were $4,061,423 compared to $3,861,418 at December 31, 2023, an increase of $200,005, or 5.2%.

The increase in total assets was due to increases in net loans of $178,110, cash and cash equivalents of $14,256, securities available for sale of $8,516, loans held for sale of $6,574, .

These increases were partially offset by decreases in premises and equipment of $6,802 and swap assets of $4,285.

Total liabilities at September 30, 2024 were $3,666,985 compared to $3,489,416 at December 31, 2023, an increase of $177,569, or 5.1%.

The increase in total liabilities was primarily attributable to an increase in total deposits of $238,704, partially offset by a decrease in short-term FHLB advances of $50,953.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Loans outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows:

September 30, 2024

Total assets of the Company at March 31, 2025 were $4,146,717 compared to $4,098,469 at December 31, 2024, an increase of $48,248, or 1.2%.

The increase in total assets was mainly due to increases in net loans of $22,191 and cash and cash equivalents of $27,301.

These increases were partially offset by decreases in available-for-sale securities of $1,922, premises and equipment of $2,059, and swap assets of $2,463.

Total liabilities at March 31, 2025 were $3,749,283 compared to $3,709,967 at December 31, 2024, an increase of $39,316, or 1.1%.

The increase in total liabilities was primarily attributable to increases in total deposits of $27,018 and short-term FHLB advances of $21,000, partially offset by decreases in swap liabilities of $2,723 and accrued expenses and other liabilities of $5,721.

Loans outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:

March 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

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Allowance for credit losses

Included in Commercial & Agriculture loans above were $214 of PPP loans as of September 30, 2024 and $326 of PPP loans as of December 31, 2023.

Loans held for sale increased $3,659, or 550.2%, since December 31, 2024.

The increase was due to increases in both the number of loans and average loan balances held for sale.

At September 30, 2024, thirty-five loans totaling $8,299 were held for sale as compared to nine loans totaling $1,725 at December 31, 2023.

At March 31, 2025, 16 loans totaling $4,324 were held for sale as compared to 6 loans totaling $665 at December 31, 2024.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Net loans have increased $22,191, or 0.7%, since December 31, 2024.

The increase at September 30, 2024 can be attributed to increases in many categories, primarily Commercial Real Estate – Non-Owner Occupied, Residential Real Estate, and Real Estate Construction, offset by decreases in Commercial Real Estate – Owner Occupied, Lease Financing Receivables, and Consumer and Other.

At September 30, 2024, the net loan to deposit ratio was 93.1% compared to 94.6% at December 31, 2023.

The decrease in the net loan to deposit ratio is primarily the result of an increase in deposits.

During the first nine months of 2024, provisions made to the allowances for credit losses and off-balance sheet credit exposures totaled $4,668, compared to a provision of $2,706 during the same period in 2023.

The increase in the provision was principally related to loan growth during the first nine months of 2024.

On a quarterly basis, changes in economic conditions will require CECL model assumption inputs to change and management will determine if, any, further refinements will be necessary to the estimation process.

Net charge-offs for the first nine months of 2024 totaled $1,080, compared to net charge-offs of $535 for the first nine months of 2023.

For the first nine months of 2024, the Company charged off a total of 38 loans.

Twelve Commercial & Agriculture loans totaling $1,079, three Lease Financing Receivables totaling $186, four Residential Real Estate loan totaling $67, one Commercial Real Estate – Non-Owner Occupied loan for $174, and eighteen Consumer and Other loans totaling $74 were charged off in the first nine months of the year.

In addition, during the first nine months of 2024, the Company had recoveries on previously charged-off Commercial & Agriculture loans of $263, Commercial Real Estate – Non-Owner Occupied loans of $12, Residential Real Estate loans of $178, Real Estate Construction loans of $12, Leasing Finance Receivables of $1 and Consumer and Other loans of $34.

The increase at March 31, 2025 can be attributed to increases in four categories, primarily Commercial Real Estate – Non-Owner Occupied and Residential Real Estate, partially offset by a decrease in Real Estate Construction.

At March 31, 2025, the net loan to deposit ratio was 95.8% compared to 95.9% at December 31, 2024.

During the first three months of 2025, provisions made to the allowances for credit losses and off-balance sheet credit exposures totaled $1,567, compared to a provision of $1,992 during the same period in 2024.

The decrease in provision is primarily the result of a recapture of credit losses on commercial and agriculture resulting from a decrease in specific reserves related to one large credit that made a significant paydown during the first quarter of 2025.

Commercial and agriculture delinquencies increased significantly during the quarter, primarily in the 30-59 days past due category, which increased from $825 at December 31, 2024 to $9,315 at March 31, 2025;

however, this had limited impact on required reserves as $7,704 of the 30-59 days past due balance related to two large credits that were on nonaccrual and individually evaluated as of both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

At December 31, 2024 these credits were current.

That recapture of credit losses on commercial and agriculture was offset by provision expense to restore the reserves on commercial real estate non-owner occupied after recognizing $800 in charge-offs during the quarter and to fund additional reserves on the residential real estate and real estate construction segments resulting from slower prepayment speed and higher unemployment forecast assumptions.

Reserves on the lease financing receivables portfolio decreased slightly during the first quarter of 2025, consistent with the slight decrease in the outstanding balance of lease financing receivables from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025, maintaining a consistent percentage of reserves to lease balance.

Total delinquencies on lease financing receivables increased from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025;

however, the severity of delinquencies improved.

Lease financing receivables 30-59 days past due increased, while the balance of 60-89 days past due and 90 days or greater past due both decreased.

Nonaccrual lease finance receivables also decreased from $1,238 at December 31, 2024 to $470 at March 31, 2025.

Net charge-offs for the first three months of 2025 totaled $633, compared to net charge-offs of $353 for the same period of 2024.

For the first three months of 2025, the Company charged off a total of 13 loans, consisting of three Commercial & Agriculture loans totaling $72, four Lease Financing Receivables totaling $90, one Commercial Real Estate – Non-Owner Occupied loan for $800, and five Consumer and Other loans totaling $14.

The Commercial Real Estate - Non-Owner Occupied charge-off of $800 is related to a loan that was previously identified and actively monitored by management, classified as nonaccrual and individually evaluated as of both December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025.

In addition, during the first three months of 2025, the Company had recoveries on previously charged-off Commercial & Agriculture loans of $291, Commercial Real Estate – Owner Occupied loans of $5, Residential Real Estate loans of $14, Leasing Finance Receivables of $25 and Consumer and Other loans of $8.

For each loan category, as well as in total, the percentage of net charge-offs to loans was less than one percent.

Each of these factors was considered by management as part of the examination of both the level and mix of the allowance by loan type as well as the overall level of the allowance.

Each of these factors was considered by management as part of the examination of both the level and mix of the allowance by credit type as well as the overall level of the allowance.

Management specifically evaluates loans that do not share common risk characteristics for estimates of loss.

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Management also considers certain economic factors for trends that management uses to account for the qualitative and environmental changes in risk, which affects the level of the reserve.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Management analyzes each individually evaluated Commercial & Agriculture and Commercial Real Estate loan relationship with a balance of $350 or larger, on an individual basis and designates a loan as individually evaluated when it is in nonaccrual status or when an analysis of the borrower’s operating results and financial condition indicates that underlying cash flows are not adequate to meet its debt service requirements.

Larger (greater than $350) Commercial & Agricultural and Commercial Real Estate loan relationships, as well as Residential Real Estate and Consumer loans and Lease financing receivables that are part of a larger relationship are individually evaluated on a quarterly basis, when they do not share similar risk characteristics with the collectively evaluated pools.

These loans are analyzed to determine if it is probable that all amounts will not be collected according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.

If management determines that the value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance.

The Company’s policy for recognizing interest income on individually evaluated loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition.

Loans held for sale are excluded from consideration as impaired.

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Loans, or portions thereof, are charged-off when deemed uncollectible.

The allowance for credit losses as a percent of total loans was 1.36% at September 30, 2024 and 1.30% at December 31, 2023.

The available-for-sale securities portfolio increased by $8,516, from $618,272 at December 31, 2023 to $626,788 at September 30, 2024.

The allowance for credit losses as a percent of total loans was 1.30% at March 31, 2025 and 1.29% at December 31, 2024.

The available-for-sale securities portfolio decreased by $1,922, from $648,067 at December 31, 2024 to $646,145 at March 31, 2025.

Management continually evaluates our securities portfolio in response to established asset/liability management objectives, changing market conditions that could affect profitability, and the level of interest rate risk to which the Company is exposed.

These evaluations may cause the Company to change the level of funds it deploys into investment securities and change the composition of its investment securities portfolio.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all pledging requirements.

Premises and equipment, net, decreased $6,802 from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

These evaluations

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

may cause the Company to change the level of funds it deploys into investment securities and change the composition of its investment securities portfolio.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all pledging requirements.

Premises and equipment, net, decreased $2,059 from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

The decrease was the result of depreciation of $1,833 and disposals of $76, partially offset by purchases of $161.

The decrease in depreciation was mainly attributable to leasing operations as operating leases mature.

New leases in 2024 are primarily finance leases which are recorded in loans on the balance sheet.

Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") increased $1,577 from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

The increase was the result of the purchase of a new insurance policy as well as increases in the cash surrender value of the underlying insurance policies.

Swap assets decreased $4,285 from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

Since mid-2024, new lease originations have primarily consisted of finance leases which are recorded in loans on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") increased $387 from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

The increase was the result of increases in the cash surrender value of the underlying insurance policies.

Swap assets decreased $2,463 from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

The decrease was primarily the result of a decline in market value.

Total deposits as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows:

September 30, 2024

Total deposits as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:

March 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

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Time deposits

Brokered deposits

Total Deposits

The Company had approximately $497,852 and $499,429 of uninsured deposits as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The Company had approximately $456,569 and $431,713 of uninsured deposits as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Uninsured deposit amounts are estimated based on the portions of customer account balances that exceed the FDIC insurance limit of $250.

Total deposits at September 30, 2024 increased $238,704 from year-end 2023.

Noninterest-bearing deposits decreased $85,383 from year-end 2023, while interest-bearing deposits, including savings and time deposits, increased $324,087 from December 31, 2023.

The decrease in noninterest-bearing deposits was primarily due to a $32,000 decrease in noninterest-bearing business accounts as customers migrated to interest-bearing accounts, and a $36,800 decrease in noninterest-bearing accounts related to the former tax refund processing program.

The decrease in interest-bearing demand deposits was primarily due to a decrease of $14,600 in interest-bearing personal accounts, a $7,500 decrease in Jumbo NOW accounts, a $3,700 decrease in interest-bearing business accounts, and a $966 decrease in interest-bearing public fund accounts.

The $248,704 increase in savings and money market accounts was primarily due to a $115,000 increase in brokered money market accounts, $87,500 in a new Trust money market account and a $61,000 increase in business money market accounts, which increases were;

partially offset by a $18,400 decrease in statement savings and a $5,100 decrease in business savings accounts.

Total increase in time deposits of $104,500 is due to increase of $22,700 in jumbo deposits, and $45,400 in all other certificate categories.

The year-to-date average balance of total deposits increased $222,092, compared to the average balance for the same period in 2023, mainly due to a $429,848 increase in the average balance of time deposits, somewhat offset by a $239,146 decrease in noninterest-bearing deposits.

Short-term FHLB advances decreased $50,953 from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

The decrease was due to paying down borrowings.

Total deposits at March 31, 2025 increased $27,018 from December 31, 2024.

Noninterest-bearing deposits decreased $46,411 from December 31, 2024, while interest-bearing deposits, including savings and time deposits, increased $73,429 from December 31, 2024.

The decrease in noninterest-bearing deposits was primarily due to a $62,499 decrease in noninterest-bearing business accounts mainly due to seasonality, as the first quarter of each year normally sees a decline in business accounts primarily due to tax payments, partially offset by an increase of $11,300 in noninterest-bearing public funds accounts.

The increase in interest-bearing demand deposits was primarily due to an increase of $56,267 in interest-bearing public funds accounts, slightly offset by a decrease of $6,276 in Jumbo NOW accounts.

The $19,506 increase in savings and money market accounts was primarily due to a $41,791 increase in business money market accounts, and a $5,726 increase in statement savings accounts, mostly offset by a decrease of $22,682 in reciprocal deposits.

The $45,956 increase in time deposits was due to increases of $17,569 in jumbo time deposits, $15,622 in retail time deposits, and $19,689 in time certificates over $250, which were slightly offset by a decrease if $7,611 in reciprocal time deposits.

The year-to-date average balance of total deposits increased $252,894, compared to the average balance for the same period in 2024, mainly due to a increases of $142,265 in the average balance of time deposits and $110,629 in the average balance of demand and savings, partially offset by a $41,767 decrease in the average balance of noninterest-bearing deposits.

Short-term FHLB advances increased $21,000 from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025 for purposes of funding loan growth prior to receiving one large deposit on March 31, 2025.

The short-term advance was paid off the following day.

Swap liabilities decreased $2,723 from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

The decrease was the result of a decrease in fair value of swap liabilities.

Accrued expenses and other liabilities decreased $5,721 from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025.

The decrease was due to a decrease in accrued interest on brokered CDs of $3,019 as a result of interest payments in the first quarter of 2025;

and a decrease in accrued commissions and incentives of $2,730 relating to accrued earned commissions and performance incentives being paid in the first quarter of 2025 .

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

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(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Swap liabilities decreased $4,285 from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

The decrease was the result of a decrease in fair value of swap liabilities.

Accrued expenses and other liabilities decreased $1,687 from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024.

The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in unfunded commitments related to the investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $1,500.

Shareholders’ equity at September 30, 2024 was $394,438, or 9.7% of total assets, compared to $372,002, or 9.6% of total assets, at December 31, 2023.

The increase was as a result of net income of $21,790 and an increase in the fair value of securities, net of tax, of $7,619, partially offset by dividends on common shares of $7,544.

Total outstanding common shares at September 30, 2024 were 15,736,528 which increased from 15,695,424 common shares outstanding at December 31, 2023.

Common shares outstanding increased due to the grant of 51,578 restricted common shares to certain officers under the Company’s 2014 Incentive Plan, offset by 8,956 common shares surrendered by officers to the Company to pay taxes upon vesting of restricted shares and 1,518 restricted common shares forfeited.

Shareholders’ equity at March 31, 2025 was $397,434, or 9.6% of total assets, compared to $388,502, or 9.5% of total assets, at December 31, 2024.

The increase was as a result of net income of $10,168 and an increase in the fair value of securities, net of tax, of $1,408, partially offset by dividends paid on common shares of $2,632.

Total outstanding common shares at March 31, 2025 were 15,519,072, which increased from 15,487,667 common shares outstanding at December 31, 2024.

Common shares outstanding increased due to the grant of 39,587 restricted common shares to certain officers under the Company’s 2024 Incentive Plan, partially offset by 8,182 common shares surrendered by officers to the Company to pay taxes upon vesting of restricted shares.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

The Company had net income of $8,366 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, a decrease of $2,021 from net income of $10,387 for the same three months of 2023.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were $0.53 for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, compared to $0.66 for the same period in 2023.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

The Company had net income of $10,168 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $3,808 from net income of $6,360 for the same period of 2024.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were $0.66 for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, compared to $0.41 for the same period of 2024.

The primary reasons for the changes in net income are explained below.

Net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $29,233, a decrease of $2,271 from $31,504 for the same three months of 2023.

This decrease was a result of an increase of $9,226 in interest expense, partially offset by an increase of $6,955 in total interest income.

Interest-earning assets averaged $3,705,866 during the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $325,697 from $3,380,169 for the same period of 2023.

The Company’s average interest-bearing liabilities increased from $2,315,118 during the three months ended September 30, 2023 to $2,898,978 during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

The Company’s fully tax equivalent net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was 3.16% and 3.63%, respectively.

Total interest and dividend income was $52,741 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $6,955 from $45,786 for the same period in 2023.

The increase in interest and dividend income is attributable to a $7,166 increase in interest and fees on loans, a $259 increase in interest income on taxable securities and a $33 increase in interest income on tax-exempt securities.

Net interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $32,773, an increase of $4,401 from $28,372 for the same period of 2024.

This increase was a result of an increase of $3,605 in total interest and dividend income, coupled with a $796 decrease in total interest expense.

Total interest-earning assets averaged $3,801,709 during the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $249,157 from $3,552,552 for the same period of 2024.

The Company’s total average interest-bearing liabilities increased from $2,720,586 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $2,999,661 during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

The Company’s fully tax equivalent net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was 3.51% and 3.22%, respectively.

Total interest and dividend income was $53,733 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $3,605 from $50,128 for the same period of 2024.

The increase in interest and dividend income is attributable to a $3,162 increase in interest and fees on loans and a $621 increase in interest income on taxable securities.

The $3,605 increase in interest and fees on loans is attributable to increases in both average balances and loan yield.

The average balance of loans increased by $352,205 or 13.1%, to $3,031,884 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $2,679,679 for the same period in 2023.

The loan yield increased to 6.15% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, from 5.87% for the same period in 2023.

Interest on taxable securities increased $259 to $3,258 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $2,999 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of taxable securities increased $4,430 to $363,584 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $359,154 for the same period in 2023.

The yield on taxable securities increased 29 basis points to 3.24% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 2.95% for the same period in 2023.

Interest on tax-exempt securities increased $33 to $2,369 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $2,336 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of tax-exempt securities increased $5,206 to $291,254 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $286,048 for the same period in 2023.

The yield on tax-exempt securities increased 6 basis points to 3.83% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to 3.77% for the same period in 2023.

Total interest expense increased $9,226, or 64.6%, to $23,508 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared with $14,282 for the same period in 2023.

The change in interest expense can be attributed to increases in rates, accompanied by an increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities.

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $583,860 to $2,898,978, as compared to $2,315,118 for the same period in 2023.

Interest incurred on deposits increased by $7,342 to $16,926 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $9,584 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased by $439,205 to $2,405,219 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, accompanied by an increase in the rate paid on time deposits from 4.64% in 2023 to 5.37% in

The average balance of loans increased by $219,409, or 7.6%, to $3,099,440 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $2,880,031 for the same period of 2024.

The loan yield increased to 6.23% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, from 6.20% for the same period of 2024.

Interest on taxable securities increased $621 to $3,555 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $2,934 for the same period of 2024.

The average balance of taxable securities increased $46,078 to $396,893 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $350,815 for the same period of 2024.

The yield on taxable securities increased 31 basis points to 3.31% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 3.00% for the same period of 2024 resulting from the purchase of similar securities with higher rates due to the yield curve change from the first quarter of 2025 compared to the same period of 2024.

Interest on tax-exempt securities decreased $35 to $2,340 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $2,375 for the same period of 2024.

The average balance of tax-exempt securities decreased $8,907 to $286,481 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to $295,388 for the same period of 2024.

The yield on tax-exempt securities increased 6 basis points to 3.91% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 3.85% for the same period of 2024.

Total interest expense decreased $796, or 3.7%, to $20,960 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with $21,756 for the same period of 2024.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $285,504 to $3,006,090, as compared to $2,720,586 for the same period of 2024.

Interest incurred on deposits decreased by $271 to $15,716 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $15,987 for the same period of 2024.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased by $252,893 to $2,538,560 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, slightly offset by a decrease in the rate paid on time deposits from 5.33% in 2024 to 4.22% in 2025.

The decrease in rates on time deposits is primarily related to paying lower rates on retail and brokered CDs due to the lower rate environment in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the same period of 2024.

Interest expense incurred on short-term FHLB advances decreased because of the yield curve shifting downwards during the first three months of 2025 compared to the same period of 2024.

The following table presents the condensed average balance sheets for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

The daily average loan amounts outstanding are net of unearned income and include loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.

The average balance of securities is computed using the carrying value of securities.

Rates are annualized and taxable equivalent yields are computed using

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

1 unchanged sentence

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Interest expense incurred on short-term FHLB advances increased because of the average balances increasing $154,475 for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023.

The following table presents the condensed average balance sheets for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The daily average loan amounts outstanding are net of unearned income and include loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.

The average balance of securities is computed using the carrying value of securities.

Rates are annualized and taxable equivalent yields are computed using a 21% tax rate for tax-exempt interest income.

a 21% tax rate for tax-exempt interest income.

The average yield has been computed using the historical amortized cost average balance for available-for-sale securities.

Three Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Interest-earning assets:

18 unchanged sentences

Subordinated debentures

Repurchase Agreements

Total interest-bearing liabilities

8 unchanged sentences

* Average yields are presented on a tax equivalent basis.

The tax equivalent effect associated with loans and investments, included in the yields above, was $630 and $621 for the periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The tax equivalent effect associated with loans and investments, included in the yields above, was $622 and $632 for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

** Average balance includes nonaccrual loans.

Net interest income may also be analyzed by comparing the volume and rate components of interest income and interest expense.

The following table provides an analysis of the changes in interest income and expense between the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

1 unchanged sentence

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Net interest income may also be analyzed by comparing the volume and rate components of interest income and interest expense.

The following table provides an analysis of the changes in interest income and expense between the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Increase (decrease) due to:

12 unchanged sentences

Subordinated debentures

Repurchase agreements

Total interest expense

2 unchanged sentences

The Company provides for loan losses through regular provisions to the allowance for credit losses.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 the Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $1,346, an increase of $716, from $630 during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

The increase in the provisions was mainly related to the loan growth during the quarter.

Noninterest income for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Service charges

Net gain (loss) on equity securities

Net gain on sale of loans and leases

ATM/Interchange fees

Wealth management fees

Lease revenue and residual income

Bank owned life insurance

Total noninterest income

Total noninterest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $9,686, an increase of $1,561, or 19.2%, from $8,125 for the same period of 2023.

Service charges decreased $258 as the Company eliminated its representment fee and reduced overdraft charges, the effect of which was partially offset by an increase in other service fees.

Lease revenue and residual income increased $515 due to an increase in income from leasing operations.

Net gain (loss) on equity securities increased as a result of market value increases.

Bank owned life insurance increased $451 due to a death benefit paid in the third quarter of 2024.

Net gain on sale of loans increased

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

primarily as a result of an increase in volume of loans sold.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, 150 loans were sold, totaling $37,905.

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, 101 loans were sold, totaling $16,300.

Noninterest expense for the three month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Compensation expense

Net occupancy expense

Contracted data processing

Taxes and assessments

Professional services

Equipment expense

ATM/Interchange expense

Communications

Insurance expense

Software maintenance expense

Total noninterest expense

Total noninterest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $27,981, an increase of $1,359, or 5.1%, from $26,622 reported for the same period of 2023.

The increase in total noninterest expense was primarily due to an increase in compensation expense, partially offset by a decrease in equipment expense.

The increase in compensation expense was due to annual merit increases, employee insurance, and other payroll related expenses.

The average full time equivalent (FTE) employees were 526 at September 30, 2024, an increase of two FTEs over the same period of 2023.

The decrease in equipment expense was primarily related to a decrease in equipment depreciation from leasing operations as operating leases mature.

Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 totaled $1,551, down $309 compared to the same period in 2023.

The effective tax rates for the three-month period ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were 15.6% and 15.2%, respectively.

The difference between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate is the permanent tax differences, primarily consisting of tax-exempt interest income from municipal investments and loans, low-income housing tax credits, tax-deductible captive insurance premiums and bank owned life insurance income.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

The Company had net income of $21,790 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, a decrease of $11,519 from net income of $33,309 for the same nine months of 2023.

Basic and diluted earnings per common share were $1.39 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, compared to $2.12 for the same period in 2023.

The primary reasons for the changes in net income are explained below.

Net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $85,356, a decrease of $10,088 from $95,444 for the same nine months of 2023.

This decrease was a result of an increase of $30,230 in total interest expense, partially offset by an increase in total interest and dividend income of $20,142.

Interest-earning assets averaged $3,626,368 during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $342,158 from $3,284,210 for the same period of 2023.

The Company’s average interest-bearing liabilities increased to $2,811,188 for the first nine months of 2024 from $2,270,844 for the same period in 2023.

The Company’s fully tax equivalent net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was 3.16% and 3.77%, respectively.

Total interest and dividend income increased $20,142 to $153,462 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024.

This change was the result of an increase in the average balance of loans, accompanied by a higher yield on the portfolio.

The average balance of loans increased by $351,399, or 13.5%, to $2,959,031 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $2,607,632 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023.

The loan yield increased to 6.15% for 2024, from 5.81% in 2023.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Interest on taxable securities increased $445 to $9,262 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, compared to $8,817 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of taxable securities decreased $12,617 to $355,329 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $367,946 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023.

The yield on taxable securities increased 23 basis points to 3.12% for 2024, compared to 2.89% for 2023.

Interest on tax-exempt securities increased $199 to $7,116 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, compared to $6,917 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of tax-exempt securities increased $6,339 to $291,589 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $285,250 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023.

The yield on tax-exempt securities increased 6 basis points to 3.85% for 2024, compared to 3.79% for 2023.

Interest on interest-bearing deposits in other banks decreased $64 to $754 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, compared to $818 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits in other banks decreased $2,963 to $20,419 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $23,382 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023.

The yield on interest-bearing deposits in other banks increased 26 basis points to 4.93% for 2024, compared to 4.67% for 2023.

Total interest expense increased $30,230, or 79.8%, to $68,106 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, compared to $37,876 for the same period in 2023.

The change in interest expense can be attributed to an increase in rate and an increase in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities.

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $540,344 to $2,811,188, compared to $2,270,844 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023.

Interest incurred on deposits increased $28,068 to $48,418 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, compared to $20,350 for the same period in 2023.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased by $461,238 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in 2023, and the rate paid on demand and savings accounts increased from 0.47% in 2023 to 1.07% in 2024.

The rate paid on time deposits increased from 4.17% in 2023 to 5.37% in 2024.

For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024, the average balance of short-term FHLB balances increased $103,587 to $385,801 from $282,214 compared to the same period in 2023.

The following table presents the condensed average balance sheets for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The daily average loan amounts outstanding are net of unearned income and include loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.

The average balance of securities is computed using the carrying value of securities.

Rates are annualized and taxable equivalent yields are computed using a 21% tax rate for tax-exempt interest income.

The average yield has been computed using the historical amortized cost average balance for available-for-sale securities.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Interest-earning assets:

Loans, including fees**

Taxable securities

Tax-exempt securities

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

Total interest-earning assets

Noninterest-earning assets:

Cash and due from financial institutions

Premises and equipment, net

Accrued interest receivable

Intangible assets

Bank owned life insurance

Less allowance for loan losses

Liabilities and Shareholders Equity:

Interest-bearing liabilities:

Demand and savings

Short-term FHLB advance

Long-term FHLB advance

Other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Repurchase Agreements

Total interest-bearing liabilities

Noninterest-bearing deposits

Other liabilities

Shareholders’ Equity

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

Net interest income and interest rate spread (1)

Net interest margin (2)

(1) Net interest spread represents the difference between the yield on average interest-earning assets and the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.

(2) Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

* Average yields are presented on a tax equivalent basis.

The tax equivalent effect associated with loans and investments, included in the yields above, was $1.9 million and $1.8 million for the periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

** Average balance includes nonaccrual loans.

Net interest income may also be analyzed by comparing the volume and rate components of interest income and interest expense.

The following table provides an analysis of the changes in interest income and expense between the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The table is presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Increase (decrease) due to:

(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income:

Loans, including fees

Taxable securities

Tax-exempt securities

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

Total interest income

Interest expense:

Demand and savings

Short-term FHLB advance

Long-term FHLB advance

Other borrowings

Subordinated debentures

Repurchase agreements

Total interest expense

Net interest income

(1) The change in interest income and interest expense due to changes in both volume and rate, which cannot be segregated, has been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.

The Company provides for loan losses through regular provisions to the allowance for credit losses.

Upon adoption of CECL on January 1, 2023, the Company recorded an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $4,296.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $5,188, an increase of $3,077, from $2,111 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The increase in the provision was principally related to loan growth during the year.

As time progresses, the results of economic conditions will require CECL model assumption inputs to change and further refinements to the estimation process may also be identified.

The components of noninterest income for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

Nine Months Ended September 30,

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $1,567, a decrease of $425, from $1,992 during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Noninterest income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

Service charges

5 unchanged sentences

Bank owned life insurance

Tax refund processing fees

Total noninterest income

Total noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $7,860, a decrease of $396, or 4.8%, from $8,256 for the same period of 2024.

Other income decreased $614 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period of 2025, mostly related to lower fee revenue from CLF.

Net gain on sale of loans and leases decreased $259 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the same period of 2024, primarily due to lower originations.

Net gain (loss) on equity securities increased $112 as a result

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

1 unchanged sentence

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

Total noninterest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $28,733, an increase of $391, or 1.4%, from $28,342 for the same period of 2023.

Tax refund processing fee income decreased to $0 from $2,375 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as the Company exited its relationship with a third-party processor that was in the tax refund processing business.

Service charges decreased $934, as the Company eliminated its representment fee and reduced overdraft charges.

The net gain (loss) on equity securities increase was the result of market valuation adjustments.

Net gain on sale of loans increased primarily as a result of an increase in volume of loans sold.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, 374 loans were sold, totaling $83,656.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 267 loans were sold, totaling $42,533.

The components of noninterest expense for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

Nine Months Ended September 30,

of the decrease in market value being less in the first quarter of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 coupled with an increase of $222 in lease revenue and residual income from stronger lease originations.

Noninterest expense for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was as follows:

Three Months Ended March 31,

Compensation expense

1 unchanged sentence

Contracted data processing

Taxes and assessments

FDIC Assessment

State franchise tax

Professional services

1 unchanged sentence

ATM/Interchange expense

Communications

Insurance expense

Amortization of core deposit intangibles

Software maintenance expense

Total noninterest expense

Total noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $84,225, an increase of $2,522, or 3.1%, from $81,703 for the same period of 2023.

The increase was primarily attributable to increases in compensation expense and software maintenance expense partially offset by decreases in equipment expense and professional services.

The increase in compensation expense was primarily due to annual merit increases, employee insurance and other payroll related expenses.

The year-to-date average full time equivalent (“FTE”) employees were 534 on September 30, 2024, an increase of three FTEs over the same period in 2023.

The increase in software maintenance expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was due to an increase in software maintenance contracts, including new digital banking software investments.

The decreases in equipment expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to a decrease in equipment depreciation from leasing operations as operating leases mature.

Professional services for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased primarily due to advisory fees in 2023 for the Company’s MasterCard contract.

Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 totaled $3,406, down $2,662 compared to the same period in 2023.

The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased 1.9% to 13.5% from 15.4% for the same period in 2023.

Total noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $27,126, a decrease of $315, or 1.1%, from $27,441 reported for the same period of 2024.

The decrease in total noninterest expense was primarily due to decreases in compensation expense and equipment expense, mostly offset by increases in professional services and FDIC assessment.

The decrease in compensation expense was primarily due to lower employee benefit costs, lower full time equivalent employees ("FTE"), coupled with an increase in the deferral of salaries and wages related to the loan growth in the first three months of 2025.

The decrease in equipment expense was mainly due to normal depreciation as well as decreases in expenses related to operating lease contracts.

The increase in professional fees was attributable to utilizing consultants to assist in the transitioning of the new core operating system at CLF.

The increase in FDIC assessment was due to an increase in the total assessment base resulting from the Company's overall balance sheet growth year-over-year.

The average FTEs were 520 at March 31, 2025, a decrease of 19 FTEs over the same period of 2024.

Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 totaled $1,772, up $937 compared to the same period of 2024.

The effective tax rates for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were 14.8% and 11.6%, respectively.

Capital Resources

Shareholders’ equity totaled $394,438 at September 30, 2024, compared to $372,002 at December 31, 2023.

Shareholders’ equity increased during the first nine months of 2024 as a result of net income of $21,790 and an increase in the fair value of securities available-for-sale, net of tax, of $7,619, partially offset by dividends on common shares of $7,544.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

All of the Company’s capital ratios exceeded the regulatory minimum guidelines as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 as identified in the following table:

Company Ratios—September 30, 2024

Shareholders’ equity totaled $397,434 at March 31, 2025, compared to $388,502 at December 31, 2024.

Shareholders’ equity increased during the first three months of 2025 as a result of net income of $10,168 and an increase in the fair value of securities available-for-sale, net of tax, of $1,408, partially offset by dividends on common shares of $2,632.

All of the Company’s capital ratios exceeded the regulatory minimum guidelines as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 as identified in the following table:

Company Ratios—March 31, 2025

Company Ratios—December 31, 2024

2 unchanged sentences

Corrective Action Provisions

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Amounts in thousands, except share data)

The Company maintains a conservative liquidity position.

All securities, with the exception of equity securities, are classified as available-for-sale.

Securities, with maturities of one year or less, totaled $5,975, or 0.89% of the total security portfolio, at September 30, 2024.

Securities, with maturities of one year or less, totaled $8,840, or 1.25% of the total security portfolio, at March 31, 2025.

The available-for-sale securities portfolio helps to provide the Company with the ability to meet its funding needs.

1 unchanged sentence

As reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited), our cash flows are classified for financial reporting purposes as operating, investing or financing cash flows.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $25,625 and $60,593 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $3,612 and $752 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The primary additions to cash from operating activities are from proceeds from the sale of loans.

The primary use of cash from operating activities is from loans originated for sale.

Net cash used by investing activities was $187,078 and $216,826 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, principally reflecting our loan and investment security activities.

Cash provided by and used for deposits and purchase of treasury shares comprised most of our financing activities, which resulted in net cash provided by of $175,709 and $163,188 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Net cash used for investing activities was $21,231 and $34,172 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, principally reflecting our loan and investment security activities.

Cash provided by financing activities was $44,920 and $23,324 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The primary additions in financing activities is the increase in deposits and short-term FHLB advances, partially offset by the payment of common dividends.

Future loan demand of Civista may be funded by increases in deposit accounts, proceeds from payments on existing loans, the maturity of securities, and the sale of securities classified as available-for-sale.

1 unchanged sentence

Through its correspondent banks, Civista maintains federal funds borrowing lines totaling $50,000.

As of September 30, 2024, Civista had total credit availability with the FHLB of $829,545 with standby letters of credit totaling $128,400 and a remaining borrowing capacity of approximately $412,499.

As of March 31, 2025, Civista had total credit availability with the FHLB of $870,985 with standby letters of credit totaling $125,400 and a remaining borrowing capacity of approximately $384,230.

In addition, CBI maintains a credit line with a third party lender totaling $10,000.

No borrowings were outstanding by CBI under this credit line as of September 30, 2024.

No borrowings were outstanding by CBI under this credit line as of March 31, 2025.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

48 unchanged sentences

FHLB advances and wholesale borrowings may also be used as important sources of liquidity for the Company.

The following table provides information about the Company’s financial instruments that were sensitive to changes in interest rates as of December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2024, based on certain prepayment and account decay assumptions that management believes are reasonable.

The table shows the changes in the Company’s net portfolio value (in amount and percent) that would result from hypothetical interest rate increases of 200 basis points and 100 basis points and interest rate decreases of 100 basis points and 200 basis points at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The following table provides information about the Company’s financial instruments that were sensitive to changes in interest rates as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, based on certain prepayment and account decay assumptions that management believes are reasonable.

The table shows the changes in the Company’s net portfolio value (in amount and percent) that would result from hypothetical interest rate increases of up to 400 basis points from 100 basis points and interest rate decreases of 100 basis points and up to 400 basis points at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Net Portfolio Value

September 30, 2024

March 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

Change in Rates

The change in net portfolio value from December 31, 2023 to September 30, 2024, can be attributed to a couple of factors.

The yield remains inverted but has shifted upward since the end of the year.

Additionally, the volume of assets and funding sources has changed, but the asset mix remains centered on loans.

The volume of loans and certificates of deposit has increased, while the volume of other borrowings and non-maturing deposits has decreased.

The volume shifts from the end of the year contributed to a decrease in the base net portfolio value.

The change in net portfolio value from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025, can be attributed to a couple of factors.

The yield curve has widened since last year with the short-end shifting down and the long-end shifting upward.

Additionally, the volume of assets and funding sources has changed, but the asset mix remains centered on loan and deposits.

The volume of loans and deposits has increased, while the volume of short-term FHLB advances and other borrowings has decreased.

The volume shifts from the end of the year contributed to an increase in the base net portfolio value.

Beyond the change in the base level of net portfolio value, projected movements in rates, up or down, would also lead to changes in market values.

The change in the rates up scenarios for the 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis point movements would lead to a slightly larger decrease in the market value of liabilities than assets.

The change in the rates up scenarios for the 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis point movements would lead to a slightly larger increase in the market value of liabilities than assets.

Accordingly, the Company sees an increase in the net portfolio value.

The change in the rates down scenarios for the 100, 200, 300 and 400 basis point movements would lead to a larger increase in the market value of liabilities than in assets, leading to a decrease in the net portfolio value.

The change in the rates down scenarios for the 100, 200, and 300 basis point movements would lead to a larger decrease in the market value of liabilities than in assets, leading to a decrease in the net portfolio value with the exception of the down 400 basis point which has a higher market value of assets then liabilities.

Civista Bancshares, Inc.

2 unchanged sentences

Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis