CITIZENS, INC. 10-Q

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets (In thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Assets (Unaudited) Investments: Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: $ 1,332,632 and $ 1,321,487 in 2021 and 2020, respectively) $ 1,420,587 1,489,383 Equity securities, at fair value 22,366 22,102 Policy loans 82,674 83,318 Real estate held-for-sale 2,571 2,571 Other long-term investments (portion measured at fair value $ 16,982 and $ 11,923 in 2021 and 2020, respectively; less allowance for losses of $ 11 in 2021 and 2020) 17,347 27,294 Total investments 1,545,545 1,624,668 Cash and cash equivalents 19,493 34,131 Accrued investment income 15,862 16,137 Receivable for securities 2,808 — Reinsurance recoverable 4,343 5,753 Deferred policy acquisition costs 128,914 104,913 Cost of insurance acquired 11,443 11,541 Goodwill and other intangible assets 13,569 13,570 Property and equipment, net 15,684 16,312 Due premiums 9,538 11,309 Other assets (less allowance for losses of $ 304 and $ 297 in 2021 and 2020, respectively) 14,454 5,086 Total assets $ 1,781,653 1,843,420 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 2 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets, Continued (In thousands, except share amounts) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) Liabilities: Policy liabilities: Future policy benefit reserves: Life insurance $ 1,250,930 1,246,423 Annuities 81,003 78,304 Accident and health 785 761 Dividend accumulations 33,997 33,336 Premiums paid in advance 41,639 40,605 Policy claims payable 13,398 13,206 Other policyholders' funds 25,088 22,447 Total policy liabilities 1,446,840 1,435,082 Commissions payable 2,192 2,572 Current federal income tax payable 45,173 43,916 Deferred federal income tax payable 9,717 9,564 Payable for securities in process of settlement 2,075 5,265 Other liabilities 34,816 46,076 Total liabilities 1,540,813 1,542,475 Commitments and contingencies ( Note 7 ) Stockholders' Equity: Common stock: Class A, no par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 52,694,778 and 52,654,016 shares issued and outstanding in 2021 and 2020, respectively, including shares in treasury of 3,135,738 in 2021 and 2020 262,855 262,869 Class B, no par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, 1,001,714 shares issued and outstanding in 2021 and 2020 3,184 3,184 Accumulated deficit ( 85,925 ) ( 82,352 ) Accumulated other comprehensive income: Net unrealized gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities, net of tax 71,737 128,255 Treasury stock, at cost ( 11,011 ) ( 11,011 ) Total stockholders' equity 240,840 300,945 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 1,781,653 1,843,420 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 3 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands, except per share amounts) 2021 2020 Revenues: Premiums: Life insurance $ 37,642 39,946 Accident and health insurance 343 261 Property insurance 1,047 1,110 Net investment income 15,244 15,169 Realized investment gains (losses), net 292 ( 1,306 ) Other income 915 542 Total revenues 55,483 55,722 Benefits and Expenses: Insurance benefits paid or provided: Claims and surrenders 30,589 26,449 Increase in future policy benefit reserves 5,232 9,471 Policyholders' dividends 1,306 1,233 Total insurance benefits paid or provided 37,127 37,153 Commissions 8,157 7,853 Other general expenses 11,382 11,473 Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs ( 4,985 ) ( 5,009 ) Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs 6,183 6,119 Amortization of cost of insurance acquired 367 368 Total benefits and expenses 58,231 57,957 Income (loss) before federal income tax ( 2,748 ) ( 2,235 ) Federal income tax expense (benefit) 825 1,349 Net income (loss) ( 3,573 ) ( 3,584 ) Per Share Amounts: Basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share of Class A common stock ( 0.07 ) ( 0.07 ) Basic and diluted earnings (losses) per share of Class B common stock ( 0.04 ) ( 0.04 ) Other Comprehensive Income (Loss): Unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities: Unrealized holding losses arising during period ( 55,898 ) ( 42,929 ) Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income (loss) ( 35 ) 132 Unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities, net ( 55,933 ) ( 42,797 ) Income tax expense (benefit) on unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities 585 ( 2,727 ) Other comprehensive loss ( 56,518 ) ( 40,070 ) Total comprehensive loss $ ( 60,091 ) ( 43,654 ) See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 4 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) Common Stock Accumulated deficit Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Treasury stock Total Stock-holders' equity (In thousands) Class A Class B Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 262,869 3,184 ( 82,352 ) 128,255 ( 11,011 ) 300,945 Comprehensive income (loss): Net income (loss) — — ( 3,573 ) — — ( 3,573 ) Unrealized investment gains (losses), net — — — ( 56,518 ) — ( 56,518 ) Total comprehensive income (loss) — — ( 3,573 ) ( 56,518 ) — ( 60,091 ) Stock-based compensation ( 14 ) — — — — ( 14 ) Balance at March 31, 2021 $ 262,855 3,184 ( 85,925 ) 71,737 ( 11,011 ) 240,840 Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 261,515 3,184 ( 70,969 ) 77,117 ( 11,011 ) 259,836 Accounting standards adopted January 1, 2020 — — ( 395 ) — — ( 395 ) Comprehensive income (loss): Net income (loss) — — ( 3,584 ) — — ( 3,584 ) Unrealized investment gains (losses), net — — — ( 40,070 ) — ( 40,070 ) Total comprehensive income (loss) — — ( 3,584 ) ( 40,070 ) — ( 43,654 ) Stock-based compensation ( 53 ) — — — — ( 53 ) Balance at March 31, 2020 $ 261,462 3,184 ( 74,948 ) 37,047 ( 11,011 ) 215,734 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 5 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2021 2020 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income (loss) $ ( 3,573 ) ( 3,584 ) Adjustments to reconcile net gain (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: Realized investment (gains) losses on sale of investments and other assets ( 292 ) 1,306 Net deferred policy acquisition costs 1,198 1,110 Amortization of cost of insurance acquired 367 368 Depreciation 308 70 Amortization of premiums and discounts on investments 1,323 2,393 Stock-based compensation 76 193 Deferred federal income tax expense (benefit) ( 432 ) ( 280 ) Change in: Accrued investment income 275 348 Reinsurance recoverable 1,410 444 Due premiums 1,771 1,045 Future policy benefit reserves 5,185 9,414 Other policyholders' liabilities 4,528 2,318 Federal income tax payable 1,257 1,850 Commissions payable and other liabilities ( 11,317 ) ( 2,865 ) Other, net ( 275 ) ( 37 ) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 1,809 14,093 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale ( 37,294 ) ( 65,714 ) Sales of fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale 4,445 940 Maturities and calls of fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale 14,376 44,612 Purchases of equity securities — ( 4,473 ) Principal payments on mortgage loans 4 4 (Increase) decrease in policy loans, net 644 676 Sales of other long-term investments and real estate 15,089 — Purchases of other long-term investments ( 4,619 ) ( 2,810 ) Purchases of property and equipment ( 15 ) ( 5 ) Maturities of short-term investments — 650 Purchases of short-term investments — ( 45 ) Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities ( 7,370 ) ( 26,165 ) See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 6 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Continued (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, (In thousands) 2021 2020 Cash flows from financing activities: Annuity deposits $ 2,431 1,618 Annuity withdrawals ( 2,329 ) ( 561 ) Purchase of treasury stock ( 9,090 ) — Other ( 89 ) ( 246 ) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ( 9,077 ) 811 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ( 14,638 ) ( 11,261 ) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 34,131 46,205 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 19,493 34,944 SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, various fixed maturity issuers exchanged securities with book values of $ 2.0 million and $ 3.1 million, respectively, for securities of equal value. The Company accrued purchases of property and equipment of $ 0.8 million as of March 31, 2021, which is reflected in other liabilities on the consolidated Balance Sheets and recorded none as of March 31, 2020. The Company had $ 0.7 million net unsettled security trades at March 31, 2021 and $ 3.4 million at March 31, 2020. See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 7 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) (1) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of Citizens, Inc. ("Citizens" or the "Company"), a Colorado corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, CICA Life Insurance Company of America ("CICA"), CICA Life Ltd. ("CICA Ltd."), Citizens National Life Insurance Company ("CNLIC"), Security Plan Life Insurance Company ("SPLIC"), Security Plan Fire Insurance Company ("SPFIC"), Magnolia Guaranty Life Insurance Company ("MGLIC") and Computing Technology, Inc. ("CTI"). All significant inter-company accounts and interactions have been eliminated. Citizens and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are collectively referred to as the "Company", "we", "us" or "our". The consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2021 and the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 have been prepared by the Company without audit. In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and changes in cash flows at March 31, 2021 and for comparative periods have been made. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 ("Form 10-K"). Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year or any future period. Our Life Insurance segment operates through CICA Ltd., CICA and CNLIC. Our international life insurance business, which operates through CICA Ltd., issues U.S. dollar-denominated endowment contracts internationally, which are principally accumulation contracts that incorporate an element of life insurance protection and ordinary whole life insurance in U.S. dollar-denominated amounts sold to non-U.S. residents. These contracts are designed to provide a fixed amount of insurance coverage over the life of the insured and may utilize rider benefits to provide additional increasing or decreasing coverage and annuity benefits to enhance accumulations. Our domestic life insurance business, which operates through CICA and CNLIC, primarily focused on living needs and provided benefits toward accumulating financial benefits for the policyowners throughout the Midwest and southern U.S. until they ceased most domestic sales beginning January 1, 2017. We have recently developed a whole life insurance product and have begun selling this product in Florida in 2021. Our Home Service Insurance segment operates through our subsidiaries SPLIC, MGLIC and SPFIC, and focuses on the life insurance needs of the middle- and lower-income markets, primarily in Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas. Our products in this segment consist primarily of small face amount ordinary whole life, industrial life and pre-need policies, which are designed to fund final expenses for the insured, primarily consisting of funeral and burial costs as well as limited liability, named peril property policies covering dwelling and contents. CTI provides data processing systems and services to the Company. USE OF ESTIMATES The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 8 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) Significant estimates include those used in the evaluation of credit allowances on fixed maturity securities, actuarially determined assets and liabilities and assumptions, tests of goodwill impairment and valuation allowance on deferred tax assets. Certain of these estimates are particularly sensitive to market conditions, and deterioration and/or volatility in the worldwide debt or equity markets could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES For a description of our significant accounting policies, see Part IV, Item 15, Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K , which should be read in conjunction with these accompanying consolidated financial statements. (2) ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ACCOUNTING STANDARDS RECENTLY ADOPTED In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), with the main objective to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The ASU requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets) measured at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost of the financial asset(s) to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The income statement reflects the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. Credit losses on available-for-sale ("AFS") fixed maturity securities should be measured in a manner similar to current U.S. GAAP; however, the credit losses are recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a write-down. This approach is an improvement to prior U.S. GAAP because an entity will be able to record reversals of credit losses (in situations in which the estimate of credit losses declines) in current period net income, which in turn should align the income statement recognition of credit losses with the reporting period in which changes occur. Prior U.S. GAAP prohibited reflecting those improvements in current-period earnings. The Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. The adoption resulted in an increase in accumulated deficit of $ 0.4 million related to agents' debit balance collectability. ACCOUNTING STANDARDS NOT YET ADOPTED In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-12, Financial Services-Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts. This ASU amends four key areas of the accounting and impacts disclosures for long-duration insurance and investment contracts: • Requires updated assumptions for liability measurement. Assumptions used to measure the liability for traditional insurance contracts, which are typically determined at contract inception, will now be reviewed at least annually, and, if there is a change, updated, with the effect recorded in net income; • Standardizes the liability discount rate. The liability discount rate will be a market-observable discount rate (upper-medium grade fixed-income instrument yield), with the effect of rate changes recorded in other comprehensive income; • Provides greater consistency in measurement of market risk benefits. The two previous measurement models have been reduced to one measurement model (fair value), resulting in greater uniformity across similar market-based benefits and better alignment with the fair value measurement of derivatives used to hedge capital market risk; • Simplifies amortization of deferred acquisition costs ("DAC"). Previous earnings-based amortization methods have been replaced with a more level amortization basis; and March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 9 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) • Requires enhanced disclosures. The new disclosures include rollforwards and information about significant assumptions and the effects of changes in those assumptions. For calendar-year public companies, the changes will be effective on January 1, 2023, however, early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this new guidance, and it is expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the year had, or is expected to have, a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. (3) SEGMENT INFORMATION The Company has two reportable segments: Life Insurance and Home Service Insurance. Our Life Insurance segment primarily issues endowment contracts, which are principally accumulation contracts that incorporate an element of life insurance protection and ordinary whole life insurance, to non-U.S. residents through CICA Ltd. These contracts are designed to provide a fixed amount of insurance coverage over the life of the insured and may utilize rider benefits to provide additional coverage and annuity benefits to enhance accumulations. CICA and CNLIC issued ordinary whole-life, credit life and disability and accident and health related policies, throughout the Midwest and southern U.S. until they ceased most domestic sales beginning January 1, 2017. We restarted domestic sales in Florida in 2021. Our domestic Home Service Insurance segment operates through our subsidiaries SPLIC, MGLIC and SPFIC, and focuses on the life insurance needs of the middle- and lower-income markets, primarily in Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas. Our policies are sold and serviced through funeral homes and independent agents who sell policies, collect premiums and service policyholders. To a lesser extent, our Home Service Insurance segment sells limited liability, named peril property policies covering dwelling and contents. The Company also operates other non-insurance portions of the Company ("Other Non-Insurance Enterprises"), which primarily include the Company’s IT and Corporate-support functions that are included in the tables presented. The Company's Other Non-Insurance Enterprises are the only reportable difference between segments and consolidated operations. The accounting policies of the reportable segments and Other Non-Insurance Enterprises are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are the same as those used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. The Company evaluates profit and loss performance based on U.S. GAAP income before federal income taxes for its two reportable segments. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 10 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) Life Insurance Home Service Insurance Other Non-Insurance Enterprises Consolidated Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 (In thousands) Revenues: Premiums $ 27,063 11,969 — 39,032 Net investment income 11,598 3,345 301 15,244 Realized investment gains (losses), net ( 108 ) 223 177 292 Other income 913 2 — 915 Total revenues 39,466 15,539 478 55,483 Benefits and expenses: Insurance benefits paid or provided: Claims and surrenders 23,270 7,319 — 30,589 Increase in future policy benefit reserves 3,658 1,574 — 5,232 Policyholders' dividends 1,296 10 — 1,306 Total insurance benefits paid or provided 28,224 8,903 — 37,127 Commissions 4,231 3,926 — 8,157 Other general expenses 5,226 3,794 2,362 11,382 Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs ( 3,561 ) ( 1,424 ) — ( 4,985 ) Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs 5,348 835 — 6,183 Amortization of cost of insurance acquired 104 263 — 367 Total benefits and expenses 39,572 16,297 2,362 58,231 Loss before federal income tax expense $ ( 106 ) ( 758 ) ( 1,884 ) ( 2,748 ) March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 11 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) Life Insurance Home Service Insurance Other Non-Insurance Enterprises Consolidated Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 (In thousands) Revenues: Premiums $ 29,819 11,498 — 41,317 Net investment income 11,480 3,332 357 15,169 Realized investment gains (losses), net 735 ( 1,717 ) ( 324 ) ( 1,306 ) Other income 524 18 — 542 Total revenues 42,558 13,131 33 55,722 Benefits and expenses: Insurance benefits paid or provided: Claims and surrenders 20,160 6,289 — 26,449 Increase in future policy benefit reserves 8,146 1,325 — 9,471 Policyholders' dividends 1,225 8 — 1,233 Total insurance benefits paid or provided 29,531 7,622 — 37,153 Commissions 4,478 3,375 — 7,853 Other general expenses 4,948 4,316 2,209 11,473 Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs ( 3,921 ) ( 1,088 ) — ( 5,009 ) Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs 5,318 801 — 6,119 Amortization of cost of insurance acquired 118 250 — 368 Total benefits and expenses 40,472 15,276 2,209 57,957 Income (loss) before federal income tax expense $ 2,086 ( 2,145 ) ( 2,176 ) ( 2,235 ) March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 12 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) (4) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND RESTRICTIONS EARNINGS PER SHARE The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share. Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 (In thousands, except per share amounts) Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share: Numerator: Net income (loss) $ ( 3,573 ) ( 3,584 ) Net income (loss) allocated to Class A common stock $ ( 3,537 ) ( 3,548 ) Net income (loss) allocated to Class B common stock ( 36 ) ( 36 ) Net income (loss) $ ( 3,573 ) ( 3,584 ) Denominator: Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - basic 49,549 49,305 Weighted average shares of Class A outstanding - diluted 50,116 49,455 Weighted average shares of Class B outstanding - basic and diluted 1,002 1,002 Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class A common stock $ ( 0.07 ) ( 0.07 ) Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of Class B common stock ( 0.04 ) ( 0.04 ) CAPITAL AND SURPLUS Each of our regulated insurance subsidiaries is required to meet stipulated regulatory capital requirements. These include capital requirements imposed by the U.S. National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") and the Bermuda Monetary Authority ("BMA"). All insurance subsidiaries exceeded the minimum capital requirements at March 31, 2021. In order to minimize the risk of a shortfall in capital arising from an unexpected adverse deviation or excess risk, the BMA has established a threshold capital level (termed the Target Capital Level ("TCL")), which is set at 120% of a company’s enhanced capital requirement. The TCL serves as an early warning tool for the BMA. As of March 31, 2021, CICA Ltd. was above the TCL threshold. At the request of the BMA, on April 15, 2021, Citizens and CICA Ltd. entered into a Keep Well Agreement. The Keep Well Agreement requires Citizens to contribute up to $ 10 million in capital to CICA Ltd. as necessary to ensure that CICA Ltd. has a minimum capital level of 120% (equal to the TCL). Since CICA Ltd.’s capital level currently exceeds 120 %, Citizens is not currently required to make a capital contribution. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 13 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) (5) INVESTMENTS The Company invests primarily in fixed maturity securities, which totaled 90.8 % of total cash and invested assets at March 31, 2021, as shown below. Carrying Value (In thousands, except for %) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Amount % Amount % Cash and invested assets: Fixed maturity securities $ 1,420,587 90.8 % 1,489,383 89.8 % Equity securities 22,366 1.4 % 22,102 1.3 % Policy loans 82,674 5.3 % 83,318 5.0 % Real estate and other long-term investments 19,918 1.3 % 29,865 1.8 % Cash and cash equivalents 19,493 1.2 % 34,131 2.1 % Total cash and invested assets $ 1,565,038 100.0 % 1,658,799 100.0 % The following tables represent the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of fixed maturity securities as of the dates indicated. Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value March 31, 2021 (In thousands) Fixed maturity securities: Available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities $ 9,508 1,513 — 11,021 U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises 3,483 1,034 — 4,517 States and political subdivisions 370,995 24,819 1,955 393,859 Corporate: Financial 207,547 15,269 1,621 221,195 Consumer 204,988 16,745 3,034 218,699 Energy 79,422 4,904 1,092 83,234 All Other 294,528 21,395 4,261 311,662 Residential mortgage-backed 118,186 14,006 46 132,146 Asset-backed 43,874 327 63 44,138 Foreign governments 101 15 — 116 Total fixed maturity securities $ 1,332,632 100,027 12,072 1,420,587 March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 14 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Fixed maturity securities: Available-for-sale: U.S. Treasury securities $ 9,529 1,797 — 11,326 U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises 3,490 1,301 — 4,791 States and political subdivisions 377,462 32,751 548 409,665 Corporate: Financial 204,160 31,000 13 235,147 Consumer 196,648 30,116 245 226,519 Energy 81,223 8,174 536 88,861 All Other 284,209 42,554 82 326,681 Commercial mortgage-backed 225 — 4 221 Residential mortgage-backed 118,144 21,819 — 139,963 Asset-backed 46,295 278 482 46,091 Foreign governments 102 16 — 118 Total fixed maturity securities $ 1,321,487 169,806 1,910 1,489,383 Most of the Company's equity securities are diversified stock and bond mutual funds. Fair Value (In thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Equity securities: Stock mutual funds $ 3,386 3,174 Bond mutual funds 12,452 12,354 Common stock 1,190 1,143 Non-redeemable preferred stock 276 281 Non-redeemable preferred stock fund 5,062 5,150 Total equity securities $ 22,366 22,102 VALUATION OF INVESTMENTS Available-for-sale securities are reported in the consolidated financial statements at fair value. Equity securities are measured at fair value with the change in fair value recorded through net income. The Company recognized net realized gains of $ 0.3 million on equity securities held for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and losses of $ 1.1 million for the same period ended March 31, 2020. The Company considers several factors in its review and evaluation of individual investments, using the process described in Part IV, Item 15, Note 2. Investments in the notes to the consolidated financial statements of our Form 10-K to determine whether a credit loss impairment exists. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded no credit valuation losses on fixed maturity securities. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 15 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) The following tables present the fair values and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities that are not deemed to have credit losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. March 31, 2021 Less than 12 months Greater than 12 months Total (In thousands, except for # of securities) Fair Value Unrealized Losses # of Securities Fair Value Unrealized Losses # of Securities Fair Value Unrealized Losses # of Securities Fixed maturity securities: Available-for-sale securities: States and political subdivisions $ 49,464 1,955 48 $ — — — $ 49,464 1,955 48 Corporate: Financial 35,670 1,621 40 — — — 35,670 1,621 40 Consumer 51,477 3,034 49 — — — 51,477 3,034 49 Energy 14,151 593 14 2,557 499 6 16,708 1,092 20 All Other 74,922 4,261 96 — — — 74,922 4,261 96 Residential mortgage-backed 1,595 46 9 — — — 1,595 46 9 Asset-backed 6,434 48 11 9,253 15 8 15,687 63 19 Total fixed maturity securities $ 233,713 11,558 267 $ 11,810 514 14 $ 245,523 12,072 281 December 31, 2020 Less than 12 months Greater than 12 months Total (In thousands, except for # of securities) Fair Value Unrealized Losses # of Securities Fair Value Unrealized Losses # of Securities Fair Value Unrealized Losses # of Securities Fixed maturity securities: Available-for-sale securities: States and political subdivisions $ 32,487 548 27 $ — — — $ 32,487 548 27 Corporate: Financial 1,308 13 1 — — — 1,308 13 1 Consumer 10,740 230 5 1,667 15 1 12,407 245 6 Energy 6,350 536 8 — — — 6,350 536 8 All Other 9,418 82 11 — — — 9,418 82 11 Commercial mortgage-backed 221 4 1 — — — 221 4 1 Residential mortgage-backed 83 — 1 — — — 83 — 1 Asset-backed 26,353 481 26 994 1 1 27,347 482 27 Total fixed maturity securities $ 86,960 1,894 80 $ 2,661 16 2 $ 89,621 1,910 82 In each category of our fixed maturity securities described above, we do not intend to sell our investments and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases. We did not recognize credit losses on securities with unrealized losses that were due to interest rate sensitivity and changes in credit spreads. We believe that fluctuations caused by movements in interest rates and credit spreads have little bearing on the recoverability of our investments. The fair value is expected to recover as the securities approach maturity. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 16 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities at March 31, 2021 by contractual maturity are shown in the table below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date have been reflected based upon final stated maturity. March 31, 2021 Amortized Cost Fair Value (In thousands) Fixed maturity securities: Due in one year or less $ 25,079 25,438 Due after one year through five years 114,900 125,058 Due after five years through ten years 214,052 231,241 Due after ten years 978,601 1,038,850 Total fixed maturity securities $ 1,332,632 1,420,587 The Company uses the specific identification method of the individual security to determine the cost basis used in the calculation of realized gains and losses related to security sales. Three Months Ended Fixed Maturity Securities, Available-for-Sale March 31, (In thousands) 2021 2020 Proceeds $ 7,254 940 Gross realized gains $ 100 — Gross realized losses $ 1 38 The Company sold 18 and 1 AFS fixed maturity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. No equity securities were sold during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. (6) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We hold AFS fixed maturity securities, which are carried at fair value. We also report our equity securities at fair value with changes in fair value reported through the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). Fair value measurements are generally based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our view of market assumptions in the absence of observable market information. We utilize valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. All assets and liabilities carried at fair value are required to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories: • Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. • Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs or whose significant value drivers are observable. • Level 3 - Instruments whose significant value drivers are unobservable. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as U.S. Treasury securities and actively traded mutual fund and stock investments. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 17 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued by independent pricing services or broker quotes. These pricing models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various inputs, such as interest rates, credit spreads and foreign exchange rates for the underlying financial instruments. All significant inputs are observable or derived from observable information in the marketplace or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Financial instruments in this category primarily include corporate securities, U.S. Government-sponsored enterprise securities, securities issued by states and political subdivisions and certain mortgage and asset-backed securities. Level 3 is comprised of financial instruments whose fair value is estimated based on non-binding broker prices utilizing significant inputs not based on or corroborated by readily available market information. Real estate held-for-sale is in this category. The following tables set forth our assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated. March 31, 2021 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Fair Value (In thousands) Financial Assets Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises $ 11,021 4,517 — 15,538 States and political subdivisions — 393,859 — 393,859 Corporate 52 834,738 — 834,790 Residential mortgage-backed — 132,146 — 132,146 Asset-backed — 44,138 — 44,138 Foreign governments — 116 — 116 Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale 11,073 1,409,514 — 1,420,587 Equity securities Stock mutual funds 3,386 — — 3,386 Bond mutual funds 12,452 — — 12,452 Common stock 1,190 — — 1,190 Non-redeemable preferred stock 276 — — 276 Non-redeemable preferred stock fund 5,062 — — 5,062 Total equity securities 22,366 — — 22,366 Other long-term investments (1) — — — 16,982 Total financial assets $ 33,439 1,409,514 — 1,459,935 (1) In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the balance sheet. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 18 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) December 31, 2020 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Fair Value (In thousands) Financial Assets Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises $ 11,326 4,791 — 16,117 States and political subdivisions — 409,665 — 409,665 Corporate 52 877,156 — 877,208 Commercial mortgage-backed — 221 — 221 Residential mortgage-backed — 139,963 — 139,963 Asset-backed — 46,091 — 46,091 Foreign governments — 118 — 118 Total fixed maturity securities available-for-sale 11,378 1,478,005 — 1,489,383 Equity securities Stock mutual funds 3,174 — — 3,174 Bond mutual funds 12,354 — — 12,354 Common stock 1,143 — — 1,143 Non-redeemable preferred stock 281 — — 281 Non-redeemable preferred stock fund 5,150 — — 5,150 Total equity securities 22,102 — — 22,102 Other long-term investments (1) — — — 11,923 Total financial assets $ 33,480 1,478,005 — 1,523,408 (1) In accordance with Subtopic 820-10, certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the balance sheet. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS VALUATION FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CARRIED AT FAIR VALUE Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale. At March 31, 2021, our fixed maturity securities, valued using a third-party pricing source, totaled $ 1.4 billion for Level 2 assets and comprised 96.5 % of total reported fair value of our financial assets. The Level 1 and Level 2 valuations are reviewed and updated quarterly through testing by comparisons to separate pricing models, other third-party pricing services, and back tested to recent trades. In addition, we obtain information annually relative to the third-party pricing models and review model parameters for reasonableness. There were no Level 3 assets at March 31, 2021. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, there were no material changes to the valuation methods or assumptions used to determine fair values, and no broker or third-party prices were changed from the values received. Equity securities. Our equity securities are classified as Level 1 assets as their fair values are based upon quoted market prices. Private equity funds. The Company considers the net asset value ("NAV") to represent the value of the investment fund and is measured by the total value of assets minus the total value of liabilities. The following tables include information related to our investments in private equity funds that calculate NAV per share. For these investments, March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 19 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we use the NAV per share to measure fair value. These investments are included in other long-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets. March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Fair Value Using NAV Per Share Unfunded Commit- ments Life in years Fair Value Using NAV Per Share Unfunded Commit- ments Life in years (In thousands, except years) Private equity funds Middle market Investments in privately-originated, performing senior secured debt primarily in North America-based companies $ 8,457 31,777 10 $ 10,542 29,783 10 Term liquidity facility Investments in a facility established by the U.S. Federal Reserve that provides financing to U.S. company market participants for levered asset purchases with a focus on asset-backed, commercial mortgage and collateralized loan obligation markets 36 — 1 1,381 — 3 Late-stage growth Investments in private late-stage, established companies seeking capital to accelerate growth prior to an IPO or sale 6,199 14,198 7 — 16,291 7 Infrastructure Investments in climate infrastructure assets, focusing on renewable power generation in wind and solar energy 2,290 17,485 12 — 17,497 12 Total private equity funds $ 16,982 63,460 $ 11,923 63,571 Our private equity fund investments are not redeemable because distributions from the funds will be received when the underlying investments of the funds are liquidated. The life spans indicated above may be shortened or extended at the fund manager's discretion, typically in one or two-year increments. We initially estimate the fair value of investments in private equity funds by reference to the transaction price. Subsequently, we obtain the fair value of these investments from net asset value information provided by the general partner or manager of the investments, the financial statements of which are audited annually. We review the fair value hierarchy classifications each reporting period. Changes in the observability of the valuation attributes may result in a reclassification of certain financial assets. Such reclassifications are reported as transfers in and out of Level 3 at the beginning fair value for the reporting period in which the changes occur. There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2021. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS NOT CARRIED AT FAIR VALUE Estimates of fair values are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market prices and information about the financial instruments. The estimated fair values of financial instruments presented below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company might realize in actual market transactions. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 20 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) The carrying amount and fair value for the financial assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets not otherwise disclosed for the periods indicated are as follows: March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Financial Assets: Policy loans $ 82,674 82,674 83,318 83,318 Mortgage loans 153 190 157 195 Cash and cash equivalents 19,493 19,493 34,131 34,131 Financial Liabilities: Annuity - investment contracts 61,716 68,360 60,861 71,547 Policy loans. Policy loans had a weighted average annual interest rate of 7.7 % at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and no specified maturity dates. The aggregate fair value of policy loans approximates the carrying value reflected on the consolidated balance sheets. Policy loans are an integral part of the life insurance policies we have in force, cannot be valued separately and are not marketable. Therefore, the fair value of policy loans approximates the carrying value and policy loans are considered Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage loans. Mortgage loans are secured principally by residential properties. Weighted average interest rates for these loans were approximately 6.4 % at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. At March 31, 2021, maturities ranged from 7 to 19 years. Management estimated the fair value using an annual interest rate of 6.25 % at March 31, 2021. Our mortgage loans are considered Level 3 assets in the fair value hierarchy and are included in other long-term investments on the consolidated balance sheets. Cash and cash equivalents. The fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximate carrying value and are characterized as Level 1 assets in the fair value hierarchy. Annuity liabilities. The fair value of the Company's liabilities under annuity contract policies, which are considered Level 3 liabilities, was estimated at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 using discounted cash flows based upon spot rates adjusted for various risk adjustments ranging from 0.20 % to 2.86 % and 0.22 % to 2.34 %, respectively. The fair value of liabilities under all insurance contracts are taken into consideration in the overall management of interest rate risk, which seeks to minimize exposure to changing interest rates through the matching of investment maturities with amounts due under insurance contracts. Other long-term investments. Financial instruments included in other long-term investments are classified in various levels of the fair value hierarchy. The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of these investments. Carrying Value (In thousands ) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Other long-term investments: Private equity funds $ 16,982 18,135 FHLB common stock 190 190 Mortgage loans 153 157 All other investments 22 8,811 Total other long-term investments $ 17,347 27,293 March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 21 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) We are a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of Dallas and such membership requires members to own stock in the FHLB. Our FHLB stock is carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. Included in all other investments in 2020 was a Rabbi Trust holding $ 8.8 million for the benefit of our former Chief Executive Officer, Geoffrey Kolander, which represented his severance payment under the terms of his employment agreement in connection with his resignation following a change in control of the Company, that was paid during the first quarter of 2021. (7) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES QUALIFICATION OF LIFE PRODUCTS We have previously reported that a portion of the life insurance policies issued by our subsidiary insurance companies failed to qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment afforded by Sections 7702 and 72(s) of the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") of 1986. Further, we have determined that the structure of our policies sold to non-U.S. persons, which were novated to CICA Ltd. effective July 1, 2018 , may have inadvertently generated U.S. source income over time, which subjected the Company to certain tax withholding and information reporting requirements for the Company under Chapters 3 or 4 of the IRC. The products have been and continue to be appropriately reported as life insurance under U.S. GAAP for financial reporting. To satisfy the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") tax withholding and information reporting requirements for the novated policies sold to non-U.S. persons as described above, the Company submitted withholding tax returns to the IRS in December 2019, and amended returns in August 2020 and paid the associated withholding tax. The IRS processed these withholding tax returns in 2021 and the Company considers this matter closed. LITIGATION AND REGULATORY ACTIONS From time to time, we are subject to legal and regulatory actions relating to our business. We may incur defense costs, including attorneys' fees, and other direct litigation costs associated with defending claims. If we suffer an adverse judgment as a result of litigation claims, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS As of March 31, 2021, CICA Ltd. is committed to fund investments up to $ 68.5 million related to private equity funds and other investments. CREDIT FACILITY On May 5, 2021, the Company entered into a $ 20 million senior secured revolving credit facility with Regions Bank (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility has a three-year term and allows the Company to borrow up to $ 20 million for working capital purposes, capital expenditures and other lawful corporate purposes. The Credit Facility is secured by a first priority lien on most of Citizens’ assets, excluding its ownership interests in all of the regulated insurance subsidiaries and contains standard representations, warranties and covenants. For a more detailed description of the Credit Facility, see the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 5, 2021. As of May 5, 2021, the Company had not borrowed any funds against the Credit Facility. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 22 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) (8) INCOME TAXES Our provision for income taxes may not have the customary relationship of taxes to income. CICA Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Citizens, is considered a controlled foreign corporation for federal tax purposes. As a result, the insurance activity of CICA Ltd. is subject to Subpart F of the IRC and is included in Citizens’ taxable income. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Subpart F income inclusion generated $ 0.4 million of federal income tax expense. A reconciliation between the U.S. corporate income tax rate and the effective income tax rate is as follows: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 (In thousands, except for %) Amount % Amount % Federal income tax expense: Expected tax expense (benefit) $ ( 577 ) 21.0 % ( 469 ) 21.0 % Foreign income tax rate differential ( 152 ) 5.5 % ( 550 ) 24.6 % Tax-exempt interest and dividends-received deduction ( 30 ) 1.1 % ( 40 ) 1.8 % Annualized effective tax rate adjustment 655 ( 23.8 ) % 617 ( 27.6 ) % Adjustment of prior year taxes — — % ( 5 ) 0.2 % Effect of uncertain tax position 603 ( 21.9 ) % 1,015 ( 45.4 ) % CICA Ltd. Subpart F income 392 ( 14.3 ) % 675 ( 30.2 ) % Nondeductible officer compensation ( 73 ) 2.7 % — — % Other 7 ( 0.3 ) % 106 ( 4.7 ) % Total federal income tax expense (benefit) $ 825 ( 30.0 ) % 1,349 ( 60.3 ) % Income tax expense consists of: Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 (In thousands) Federal income tax expense: Current $ 1,257 1,629 Deferred ( 432 ) ( 280 ) Total federal income tax expense $ 825 1,349 March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 23 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) The components of deferred federal income taxes are as follows: Net Deferred Tax Asset (Liability) (In thousands) March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Deferred tax assets: Future policy benefit reserves $ 2,732 2,657 Net operating and capital loss carryforwards 1,774 1,395 Accrued policyholder dividends and expenses 134 124 Investments 198 147 Deferred intercompany loss 1,967 2,002 Fixed assets 481 420 Lease liability 2,446 2,514 Accrued compensation 376 513 Other 166 164 Total gross deferred tax assets 10,274 9,936 Deferred tax liabilities: Deferred policy acquisition costs, cost of insurance acquired and intangible assets ( 8,531 ) ( 8,693 ) Unrealized gains on investments available-for-sale ( 5,430 ) ( 4,522 ) Tax reserves transition liability ( 3,549 ) ( 3,736 ) Right-of-use lease asset ( 2,446 ) ( 2,514 ) Other ( 35 ) ( 35 ) Total gross deferred tax liabilities ( 19,991 ) ( 19,500 ) Net deferred tax liability $ ( 9,717 ) ( 9,564 ) March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 24 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) (9) OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME The changes in the components of other comprehensive income (loss) are reported net of the effects of income taxes of 21% as of the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, as indicated below. (In thousands) Amount Tax Effect Total Three months ended March 31, 2021 Unrealized gains (losses): Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period $ ( 79,422 ) 5,373 ( 74,049 ) Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income ( 35 ) 7 ( 28 ) Effects on deferred policy acquisition costs 25,198 ( 6,317 ) 18,881 Effects on cost of insurance acquired 269 ( 56 ) 213 Effects on unearned revenue reserves ( 1,943 ) 408 ( 1,535 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) $ ( 55,933 ) ( 585 ) ( 56,518 ) Three months ended March 31, 2020 Unrealized gains (losses): Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period $ ( 42,906 ) 2,750 ( 40,156 ) Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income 132 ( 28 ) 104 Effects on deferred policy acquisition costs 211 ( 44 ) 167 Effects on cost of insurance acquired 115 ( 24 ) 91 Effects on unearned revenue reserves ( 349 ) 73 ( 276 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) $ ( 42,797 ) 2,727 ( 40,070 ) (10) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS The Company has various routine related party transactions in conjunction with our holding company structure, such as a management service agreement related to costs incurred, a tax sharing agreement between entities, and inter-company dividends and capital contributions. There were no changes related to these relationships during the three months ended March 31, 2021. See our Form 10-K for a comprehensive discussion of related party transactions. (11) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The Company has evaluated the impact of subsequent events as defined by the accounting guidance through the date this report was issued. CHANGE IN CONTROL As previously disclosed, on February 5, 2021, Citizens, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the Harold E. Riley Foundation (the “Foundation”) to purchase 100% of the Company’s Class B common stock (the “Class B Shares”) from the Foundation at an aggregate purchase price of $ 9.1 million (the “Class B Transaction”). In accordance with the Purchase Agreement, the purchase price was paid to the Foundation on March 5, 2021 and is reported within other assets rather than treasury stock on the consolidated balance sheets as all regulatory approvals had not been received as of March 31, 2021. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 25 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC . NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited ) Because the Class B Shares have the right to elect a simple majority of the Board, the Foundation was able to exercise control over the Company as the holder of 100% of the Class B Shares. Thus, in order to consummate the Class B Transaction, the Company and the Foundation were required to obtain regulatory approvals by the insurance regulators in Colorado, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas and Bermuda, the jurisdictions in which the Company and its insurance subsidiaries are domiciled. On April 12, 2021, the Company and the Foundation received the last of the regulatory approvals required for the Foundation to divest control of the Company and thus all of the Foundation’s Class B Shares were transferred to the Company as of such date. In accordance with Colorado law, the Class B Shares are now classified as authorized, but unissued shares. On March 9, 2021, the Board passed a resolution stating that as long as the Class B Shares are being held as unissued shares, the Company will not vote, nor permit any other person or entity to exercise any voting rights or other rights, with respect to the Class B Shares. Accordingly, there is no party that now controls the Company. March 31, 2021 | 10-Q 26 Table of Contents CITIZENS, INC. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS