Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have established and maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only a reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management was necessarily required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of December 30, 2025.
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Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. As defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 30, 2025 based on the criteria in “Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on this evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 30, 2025.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 30, 2025 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears in Part IV, Item 15 of this report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a - 15(f) and 15d - 15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the three months ended December 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
During the fiscal quarter ended December 30, 2025, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (in each case, as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
Not Applicable.
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PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
We have adopted a code of ethics which applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer, who are the Company’s principal executive, financial and accounting officers, respectively, and the Company’s other executive officers and members of the Board of Directors, entitled “Code of Ethics for Executive Officers, Senior Financial Officers and Directors.” We have also adopted a code of ethics which applies to other employees entitled “Code of Ethics and Code of Business Conduct.” The codes of ethics are available on our corporate website at www.thecheesecakefactory.com in the “Governance” section of our “Investors” page. The contents of our website are not incorporated by reference into this report. We intend to satisfy disclosure requirements under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or waiver from, a provision of the Code of Ethics for Executive Officers, Senior Financial Officers and Directors by posting such information on our website, at the address and location specified above, or as otherwise required by the Nasdaq Global Market. We have adopted a special trading policy and procedures (the “Trading Policy”) governing the purchases, sale and other dispositions of our securities that applies to our directors, officers and certain other designated persons, with certain provisions generally applicable to all staff members. We also follow procedures for the repurchase of our securities. We believe that our Trading Policy and repurchase procedures are reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations , and listing standards applicable to us. A copy of our Trading Policy is filed as Exhibit 19.1 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2025.
Information with respect to our executive officers is included in Part I, Item 1 of this report. Other information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference from the sections entitled “Election of Directors,” “The Board and Corporate Governance,” and “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in our Proxy Statement.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the sections entitled “Directors Compensation,” “Executive Compensation,” “Compensation of Named Executive Officers” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Beneficial Ownership of Principal Stockholders and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the sections entitled “Policies Regarding Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons” and “The Board and Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the section entitled “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees and Services” (in the proposal entitled “Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”) in the Proxy Statement.
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PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The following documents are filed as a part of this Report:
(a) 1. Financial statements:
The consolidated financial statements required to be filed hereunder are listed in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page 56 of this report.
2. Financial statement schedules:
All schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, not required or the information has been otherwise supplied in the financial statements or notes to the financial statements.
3. Exhibits:
The Exhibits required to be filed hereunder are listed in the exhibit index included herein at page 90.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP, Los Angeles, CA, Auditor Firm ID: 185 )
57
Consolidated Balance Sheets
59
Consolidated Statements of Income
60
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
61
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
62
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
63
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
64
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated:
Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 30, 2025, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 30, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 30, 2025, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 30, 2025 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Evaluation of long-lived assets for impairment
As discussed in Notes 1, 6, and 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company assesses the potential impairment of long-lived assets on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of an asset group exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the fair value of the asset group. The Company’s property and equipment, net, and operating lease asset balances as of December 31, 2025 were $869.7 million and $1,444.8 million, respectively. Based upon the analyses performed, the Company recognized pre-tax impairment charges for long-lived assets of $23.0 million in fiscal year 2025.
We identified the evaluation of long-lived assets for impairment as a critical audit matter. The evaluation of the assumptions used in the undiscounted cash flow analysis and determination of fair value of certain long-lived assets resulted in the application of challenging auditor judgment. These assumptions include revenue growth and the operating margin.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s long-lived asset impairment assessment process. This included controls related to the determination of the undiscounted cash flow and fair value of the restaurant asset groups, and the related revenue growth and operating margin assumptions. For certain restaurant asset groups, we performed sensitivity analyses over the revenue growth and operating margin assumptions to assess the impact of changes in those assumptions on the Company’s determination of the undiscounted cash flow and fair value of these restaurant asset groups. We compared the Company’s prior year revenue growth and operating margin assumptions to current year actual results to assess the Company’s ability to accurately forecast. We evaluated the Company’s revenue growth and operating margin assumptions for certain restaurant asset groups by comparing the assumptions to the restaurant asset groups’ historical and peer group performance.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.
Los Angeles, California
February 23, 2026
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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
December 30,
December 31,
2025
2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
215,729
$
84,176
Accounts and other receivables
109,718
112,503
Income taxes receivable
20,702
17,417
Inventories
53,969
64,526
Prepaid expenses
54,710
54,691
Total current assets
454,828
333,313
Property and equipment, net
869,696
840,773
Other assets:
Intangible assets, net
251,806
251,789
Operating lease assets
1,444,753
1,400,351
Other
240,589
215,534
Total other assets
1,937,148
1,867,674
Total assets
$
3,261,672
$
3,041,760
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
62,714
$
62,092
Gift card liabilities
212,859
226,810
Operating lease liabilities
167,348
157,138
Other accrued expenses
265,275
265,380
Current portion of long-term debt
68,815
—
Total current liabilities
777,011
711,420
Long-term debt
561,259
452,062
Operating lease liabilities
1,332,413
1,299,020
Other noncurrent liabilities
154,562
135,803
Total liabilities
2,825,245
2,598,305
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $ .01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding
—
—
Common stock, $ .01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 109,546,812 shares issued and 49,635,893 shares outstanding at December 30, 2025 and 108,387,574 shares issued and 51,332,298 shares outstanding at December 31, 2024
1,095
1,084
Additional paid-in capital
1,008,155
956,107
Retained earnings
1,412,942
1,317,828
Treasury stock inclusive of excise tax, 59,910,919 and 57,055,276 shares at cost at December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively
( 1,984,722 )
( 1,829,953 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
( 1,043 )
( 1,611 )
Total stockholders’ equity
436,427
443,455
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
3,261,672
$
3,041,760
See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data)
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Revenues
$
3,751,806
$
3,581,699
$
3,439,503
Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs
813,147
806,021
803,500
Labor expenses
1,312,894
1,264,382
1,227,895
Other operating costs and expenses
1,014,015
959,221
922,428
General and administrative expenses
244,915
228,737
217,449
Depreciation and amortization expenses
109,031
101,450
93,136
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses
22,990
13,647
29,464
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
14,449
2,429
11,686
Preopening costs
33,080
27,495
25,379
Total costs and expenses
3,564,521
3,403,382
3,330,937
Income from operations
187,285
178,317
108,566
Interest expense, net
( 10,448 )
( 10,107 )
( 10,160 )
Loss on extinguishment of debt
( 15,891 )
—
—
Other income, net
1,949
2,837
1,608
Income before income taxes
162,895
171,047
100,014
Income tax provision/(benefit)
14,468
14,264
( 1,337 )
Net income
$
148,427
$
156,783
$
101,351
Net income per common share:
Basic
$
3.17
$
3.28
$
2.10
Diluted (Note 1)
$
3.06
$
3.20
$
2.07
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic
46,786
47,789
48,324
Diluted
48,551
48,974
49,050
See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Net income
$
148,427
$
156,783
$
101,351
Other comprehensive gain/(loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment
568
( 917 )
288
Other comprehensive gain/(loss)
568
( 917 )
288
Total comprehensive income
$
148,995
$
155,866
$
101,639
See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands, except per share data)
Accumulated
Additional
Other
Common Stock
Paid-in
Retained
Treasury
Comprehensive
Shares
Amount
Capital
Earnings
Stock
Loss
Total
Balance, January 3, 2023
106,323
$
1,063
$
887,485
$
1,170,078
$
( 1,765,641 )
$
( 982 )
$
292,003
Net income
—
—
—
101,351
—
—
101,351
Foreign currency translation adjustment
—
—
—
—
—
288
288
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $ 1.08 per share
—
—
—
( 55,190 )
—
—
( 55,190 )
Stock-based compensation
872
9
25,957
—
—
—
25,966
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax
—
—
—
—
( 46,356 )
—
( 46,356 )
Balance, January 2, 2024
107,195
1,072
913,442
1,216,239
( 1,811,997 )
( 694 )
318,062
Net income
—
—
—
156,783
—
—
156,783
Foreign currency translation adjustment
—
—
—
—
—
( 917 )
( 917 )
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $ 1.08 per share
—
—
—
( 55,194 )
—
—
( 55,194 )
Stock-based compensation
885
9
30,193
—
—
—
30,202
Common stock issued under stock-based compensation plans
308
3
12,472
—
—
—
12,475
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax
—
—
—
—
( 17,956 )
—
( 17,956 )
Balance, December 31, 2024
108,388
1,084
956,107
1,317,828
( 1,829,953 )
( 1,611 )
443,455
Net income
—
—
—
148,427
—
—
148,427
Foreign currency translation adjustment
—
—
—
—
—
568
568
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $ 1.08 per share
—
—
—
( 53,313 )
—
—
( 53,313 )
Stock-based compensation
618
6
27,445
—
—
—
27,451
Common stock issued under stock-based compensation plans
541
5
24,603
—
—
—
24,608
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax
—
—
—
—
( 154,769 )
—
( 154,769 )
Balance, December 30, 2025
109,547
$
1,095
$
1,008,155
$
1,412,942
$
( 1,984,722 )
$
( 1,043 )
$
436,427
See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
$
148,427
$
156,783
$
101,351
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expenses
109,031
101,450
93,136
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses
19,325
12,769
26,998
Loss on extinguishment of debt
15,891
—
—
Deferred income taxes
( 6,705 )
( 6,062 )
( 15,715 )
Stock-based compensation
27,234
29,962
25,781
Payment of deferred consideration and compensation in excess of acquisition-date fair value
( 8,714 )
( 6,506 )
—
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts and other receivables
( 4,083 )
( 1,719 )
( 98 )
Income taxes receivable/payable
( 3,285 )
3,253
852
Inventories
10,561
( 6,883 )
( 2,092 )
Prepaid expenses
( 30 )
8,347
( 14,694 )
Operating lease assets/liabilities
( 9,825 )
( 32,303 )
( 27,113 )
Other assets
( 17,810 )
( 13,995 )
( 14,504 )
Accounts payable
1,695
( 1,827 )
3,971
Gift card liabilities
( 13,956 )
3,904
3,104
Other accrued expenses
33,525
21,152
37,424
Cash provided by operating activities
301,281
268,325
218,401
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property and equipment
( 146,204 )
( 160,364 )
( 151,565 )
Additions to intangible assets
( 1,056 )
( 1,054 )
( 1,658 )
Other
—
321
( 274 )
Cash used in investing activities
( 147,260 )
( 161,097 )
( 153,497 )
Cash flows from financing activities:
Acquisition-related deferred consideration and compensation
—
—
( 24,243 )
Borrowings on credit facility
—
—
15,000
Repayments on credit facility
( 110,000 )
( 20,000 )
( 15,000 )
Proceeds from long-term convertible debt
575,000
—
—
Repayment on long-term convertible debt, including premium on extinguishment
( 289,800 )
—
—
Issuance costs associated with long-term debt
( 16,503 )
—
—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
24,608
12,475
—
Common stock dividends paid
( 52,192 )
( 53,041 )
( 53,207 )
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax
( 153,896 )
( 18,228 )
( 46,085 )
Cash used in financing activities
( 22,783 )
( 78,794 )
( 123,535 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment
315
( 548 )
144
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
131,553
27,886
( 58,487 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
84,176
56,290
114,777
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
215,729
$
84,176
$
56,290
Supplemental disclosures:
Interest paid
$
8,682
$
12,891
$
9,764
Income taxes paid (1)
$
22,779
$
19,119
$
14,473
Construction payable
$
16,863
$
24,252
$
16,815
(1) Pursuant to ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, income taxes paid for fiscal 2025 are presented net of refunds received. See Note 17 for a summary of income taxes paid in fiscal 2025 by category and jurisdiction. Prior year disclosures are presented under previous guidance.
See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of Business
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated is a leader in experiential dining. We are culinary forward and relentlessly focused on hospitality. As of February 23, 2026, we own and operate 368 restaurants throughout the United States and Canada under brands including The Cheesecake Factory ® (216 locations), North Italia ® (48 locations), Flower Child ® (43 locations) and a collection within our Fox Restaurant Concepts (“Other FRC”) portfolio (55 locations). Internationally, 35 The Cheesecake Factory ® restaurants operate under licensing agreements. Our bakery division operates two facilities that produce quality cheesecakes and other baked products for our restaurants, international licensees and third-party bakery customers.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and its wholly owned subsidiaries (referred to herein collectively as the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our”) and are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany accounts and transactions for the periods presented have been eliminated in consolidation.
We utilize a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the Tuesday closest to December 31 for financial reporting purposes. Fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023 each consisted of 52 weeks. Fiscal year 2026 will consist of 52 weeks.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions for the reporting periods covered by the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Geopolitical and Other Macroeconomic Impacts to our Operating Environment
In recent years, our operating results were impacted by geopolitical and macroeconomic events, causing supply chain challenges and significantly increased commodity and wage inflation. Our commodity and wage inflationary environment began returning to more historical levels in fiscal 2024.
The impact of ongoing geopolitical and macroeconomic events, including evolving government policies and global trade and tariff dynamics, could lead to further wage inflation, product and services cost inflation, disruptions in the supply chain, staffing challenges, shifts in consumer behavior, and delays in new restaurant openings. Adverse weather conditions and natural disasters may further exacerbate a number of these factors. Any of these factors may have an adverse impact on our business and materially adversely affect our financial performance.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Amounts receivable from credit card processors, totaling $ 20.3 million and $ 30.4 million at December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, are considered cash equivalents because they are both short-term and highly liquid in nature and are typically converted to cash within three days of the sales transaction. Our cash management system provides for the funding of all major bank disbursement accounts on a daily basis as checks are presented for payment. Under this system, outstanding checks are in excess of the cash balances at certain banks, which creates book overdrafts. Book overdrafts are presented as a current liability in other accrued expenses on our consolidated balance sheet.
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Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk are cash and cash equivalents and receivables. We maintain our day-to-day operating cash balances in non-interest-bearing transaction accounts, which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to $250,000. We invest our excess cash in a money market deposit account, which is insured by the FDIC up to $250,000. Although we maintain balances that exceed the federally insured limit, we have not experienced any losses related to these balances, and we believe credit risk to be minimal.
We consider the concentration of credit risk for accounts receivable from our bakery customers to be minimal due to the payment histories and general financial condition of our larger bakery accounts. Concentration of credit risk related to other receivables is limited as this balance is comprised primarily of amounts due from our gift card distributors, insurance providers and delivery partner.
Inventories
Inventories consist of restaurant food and other supplies, bakery raw materials and bakery finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on an average cost basis at the restaurants and on a first-in, first-out basis at the bakeries.
Property and Equipment
We record property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation. Improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the assets or the reasonably certain lease term, whichever is shorter. Leasehold improvements include the cost of our internal development and construction department. Depreciation periods are as follows:
Buildings and land improvements
30 years
Leasehold improvements
10 to 30 years
Furnishings, fixtures and equipment
3 to 15 years
(1)
Computer software and equipment
5 years
(1) Other than certain types of restaurant equipment with estimated useful lives that equal or exceed the reasonably certain lease term, in which case the reasonably certain lease term is utilized.
Gains and losses related to property and equipment disposals are recorded in depreciation and amortization expenses.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Lease Termination Expenses
We assess the potential impairment of our long-lived assets on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of the assets or asset group may not be recoverable. Factors considered include, but are not limited to, negative cash flow, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner in which an asset is being used, an expectation that an asset will be disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life and significant negative industry or economic trends. At any given time, we may be monitoring a number of locations, and future impairment charges could be required if individual restaurant performance does not improve or we make the decision to close or relocate a restaurant.
Long-lived assets are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Impairment testing is performed at the individual restaurant asset group level, which is inclusive of property and equipment and lease right-of-use assets. Recoverability is assessed by comparing the carrying value of the assets to the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by those assets. Impairment losses are measured as the amount by which the carrying values of the assets exceed their fair value, which is determined based on discounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets.
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In fiscal 2025, we recorded $ 23.0 million of expense primarily related to the impairment of long-lived assets for one North Italia, one Grand Lux Cafe and four Other FRC locations ( one previously partially impaired) and lease termination expense, net related to two Grand Lux Cafes ( one that closed in fiscal 2023 and one that closed in early 2026) and one Other FRC (that closed in early 2026). In fiscal 2024, we recorded $ 13.6 million of expense primarily related to the impairment of long-lived assets for one The Cheesecake Factory (previously partially impaired) and six Other FRC locations ( one previously partially impaired) and lease termination income, net for four The Cheesecake Factory restaurants, one Grand Lux Cafe location, one Flower Child location, one Social Monk location and one Other FRC location (that closed in early fiscal 2025). In fiscal 2023, we recorded $ 29.5 million of expense primarily related to the impairment of long-lived assets for three The Cheesecake Factory ( one previously impaired), one North Italia (previously impaired), one Other FRC and two Grand Lux Cafe lease terminations. These amounts are recorded in impairment of assets and lease terminations on the consolidated statements of income.
Intangible Assets
The following table presents components of intangible assets, net (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:
Goodwill
$
1,451
$
1,451
Trade names and trademarks
234,780
234,566
Transferable alcoholic beverage licenses
8,295
8,140
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets
244,526
244,157
Definite-lived intangible assets, net:
Licensing agreements
3,620
4,111
Non-transferable alcoholic beverage licenses
3,660
3,521
Total definite-lived intangible assets
7,280
7,632
Total intangible assets, net
$
251,806
$
251,789
Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized and are tested for impairment annually as of the first day of our fiscal fourth quarter or on an interim basis if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate a potential impairment. First, we determine if, based on qualitative factors, it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. Factors considered include, but are not limited to, historical financial performance, wage, product and services inflation, competitive environment, macroeconomic and industry conditions, results of prior impairment tests and share price performance. Any adverse change in these factors could have a significant impact on the recoverability of these assets and could have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that an impairment exists, then a quantitative assessment is performed. The quantitative assessments require the use of estimates and assumptions regarding future cash flows and asset fair values. Key assumptions include projected revenue growth and operating expenses, discount rates, royalty rates, valuation multiples and other factors that could affect fair value or otherwise indicate potential impairment. Such assessments could change materially if different estimates and assumptions were used.
We performed our annual impairment assessment of indefinite-lived intangible assets as of the first day of the fourth quarters of fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 and concluded there was no impairment.
Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable based on estimated undiscounted future cash flows. If impaired, the asset or asset group is written down to fair value based on discounted future cash flows. We performed our annual impairment assessment of definite-lived intangible assets as of the first day of the fourth quarters of fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023. We concluded there was no impairment for fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023. Amortization expenses related to our definite-lived intangible assets were $ 0.8 million, $ 0.7 million and $ 0.8 million for fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Definite-lived intangible assets will be amortized over one to 50 years .
We evaluate the useful lives of our intangible assets, other than goodwill, at each reporting period to determine if they are definite or indefinite-lived. A determination on useful life requires judgments and assumptions regarding the future effects of obsolescence, demand, competition, other economic factors (such as the stability of the industry, legislative action that results in an uncertain or changing regulatory environment and expected changes in distribution channels), the level of required maintenance expenditures and the expected lives of other related groups of assets.
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Revenue Recognition
Our revenues consist of sales at our Company-owned restaurants, sales from our bakery operations to our licensees and other third-party customers, royalties from our licensees’ restaurant sales and from consumer packaged goods sales, and licensee development and site fees. Revenues are presented net of sales taxes. Sales tax collected is included in other accrued expenses until the taxes are remitted to the appropriate taxing authorities.
Revenues from restaurant sales are recognized when payment is tendered at the point of sale. Revenues from bakery sales are recognized upon transfer of title and risk to customers. Royalty revenues are recognized in the period the related sales occur, utilizing the sale-based royalty exception available under current accounting guidance. Our consumer packaged goods minimum guarantees do not require distinct performance obligations. Therefore, related revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the applicable agreements. As our development and site fee agreements do not contain distinct performance obligations, related revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the applicable agreements, ranging from one to 15 years . Deferred and recognized revenue for new minimum guarantees for consumer packaged goods and for new site and development agreements were immaterial in all periods presented.
We recognize a liability upon the sale of our gift cards and recognize revenue when these gift cards are redeemed in our restaurants. Based on our historical redemption patterns, we can reasonably estimate the amount of gift cards for which redemption is remote, which is referred to as “breakage.” Breakage is recognized over a three-year period in proportion to historical redemption trends and is classified as revenues in our consolidated statements of income. We recognized $ 24.5 million, $ 7.3 million and $ 7.3 million of gift card breakage in fiscal years 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Incremental direct costs related to gift card sales, including commissions and credit card fees, are deferred and recognized in earnings in the same pattern as the related gift card revenue. As part of our annual assessment of gift card breakage during fiscal 2025, we had a change in historical redemption pattern related to gift cards and aligned the recognition of gift card breakage to the updated estimated redemption pattern. As a result, in fiscal 2025, we recognized $ 17.3 million of additional gift card breakage.
Certain of our promotional programs include multiple element arrangements that incorporate various performance obligations. We allocate revenue using the relative selling price of each performance obligation considering the likelihood of redemption and recognize revenue upon satisfaction of each performance obligation. During fiscal 2025, we deferred and recognized previously deferred revenue of $ 26.8 million and $ 26.1 million, respectively, related to promotional programs. During fiscal 2024, we deferred and recognized previously deferred revenue of $ 31.3 million and $ 27.3 million, respectively, related to promotional programs. During fiscal 2023, we deferred and recognized previously deferred revenue of $ 27.5 million and $ 23.3 million, respectively, related to promotional programs.
Leases
We currently lease all of our restaurant locations, generally with initial terms of 10 to 20 years plus two five-year renewal options. Our leases typically require contingent rent above the minimum base rent payments based on a percentage of revenues ranging from 2 % to 10 %, have escalating minimum rent requirements over the term of the lease and require payment for various expenses incidental to the use of the property. A majority of our leases provide for a reduced level of overall rent obligation if specified co-tenancy requirements are not satisfied. We expend cash for leasehold improvements and furniture, fixtures, and equipment to build out and equip our leased premises. We may also expend cash for structural additions that we make to leased premises. Generally, a portion of the leasehold improvements and building costs are reimbursed to us by our landlords as construction contributions. If obtained, landlord construction contributions usually take the form of up-front cash, full or partial credits against our future minimum or percentage rents, or a combination thereof. We do not meet any of the accounting criteria under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 842, Leases, for being the owner of the asset under construction. Many of our leases provide early termination rights permitting us to terminate the lease prior to expiration in the event our revenues are below a stated level for a period of time, generally conditioned upon repayment of the unamortized landlord contributions.
In addition to leases for our restaurant locations, we also lease automobiles and certain equipment that is used in the restaurants, bakeries and corporate office. The leases for our restaurant locations, automobiles and certain restaurant equipment are included in our operating lease assets and liabilities. All other leases are immaterial or qualify for the short-term lease exclusion.
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The assessment of whether a contract is or contains a lease is performed at contract inception. A lease is defined as a contract that conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Control is defined as having both the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of the asset and to direct how and for what purpose the asset is used.
At lease commencement, we evaluate each material lease and those that don’t qualify for the short-term exclusion to determine its appropriate classification as an operating or finance lease. All of the leases evaluated meet the criteria for classification as operating leases. For restaurant leases that existed as of the adoption of ASC 842, we continued to apply our historical practice of excluding executory costs, and only minimum base rent was factored into the initial operating lease liability and corresponding lease asset. For restaurant leases beginning after adoption of ASC 842, we have elected the single lease component practical expedient. Operating lease assets and liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet at lease commencement based on the present value of minimum base rent and other fixed payments over the reasonably certain lease term. The difference between the amounts we expend for structural costs and the construction contributions received from our landlords is recorded as an adjustment to the operating lease asset. Lease terms include the build-out period for our leases where no rent payments are typically due under the terms of the lease, as well as options to renew when we deem we have significant economic incentive to exercise the extension. When determining if we have a significant economic incentive, we consider relevant factors, such as contractual, asset, entity and market-based considerations. Option periods are included in the lease term for the majority of our leases. Termination rights have not been factored into the lease terms since based on our probability assessment we are reasonably certain we will not terminate our leases.
We cannot determine the interest rate implicit in our leases because we do not have access to the lessor’s estimated residual value or the amount of the lessor’s deferred initial direct costs. Therefore, we use our incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for our leases. Our incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest we would have to pay on a collateralized basis to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments under similar terms. Because we do not generally borrow on a collateralized basis, we derive an appropriate incremental borrowing rate using the interest rate we pay on our non-collateralized borrowings, adjusted for the amount of the lease payments, the lease term and the effect of designating specific collateral with a value equal to the unpaid lease payments for that lease.
We monitor for events or changes in circumstances that require reassessment of our leases. When a reassessment results in the re-measurement of a lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the operating lease asset. We also assess the potential impairment of our operating lease assets under long-lived asset impairment guidance in ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment: Impairment or disposal on long-lived assets.
Rent expense included in our operating lease assets is recognized on a straight-line basis. Contingent rent expense is recorded as incurred to the extent it exceeds minimum base rent per the lease agreement. Variable lease payments, which primarily consist of real estate taxes, common area maintenance charges, insurance cost and other operating expenses, are not included in the operating lease right-of-use asset or operating lease liability balances and are recognized as incurred. Rent expense is included in other operating costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of income.
The reasonably certain lease term and the incremental borrowing rate for each restaurant location require judgment by management and can impact the classification and accounting for a lease as operating or finance, the value of the operating lease asset and liability and the term over which leasehold improvements for each restaurant are depreciated. These judgments may produce materially different amounts of operating lease assets and liabilities, rent expense and interest expense than would be reported if different assumptions were used.
Self-Insurance Liabilities
We retain financial responsibility for a significant portion of our risks and associated liabilities with respect to workers’ compensation, general liability, staff member health benefits, employment practices and other insurable risks. The accrued liabilities associated with these programs are based on our estimate of the ultimate costs to settle known claims, as well as claims incurred but not yet reported to us (“IBNR”) as of the balance sheet date and are recorded in other accrued expenses. Our estimated liabilities, which are not discounted, are based on information provided by our insurance brokers and insurers, combined with our judgment regarding a number of assumptions and factors, including the frequency and severity of claims, claims development history, case jurisdiction, applicable legislation and our claims settlement practices. Significant judgment is required to estimate IBNR amounts, as parties have yet to assert such claims. If actual claims trends, including the severity or frequency of claims, differ from our estimates, our financial results could be impacted.
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Stock-Based Compensation
We maintain stock-based incentive plans under which equity awards may be granted to staff members, consultants and non-employee directors. We account for the awards based on fair value measurement guidance and amortize to expense over the vesting period using a straight-line or graded-vesting schedule, as applicable. (See Note 15 for further discussion of our stock-based compensation.)
Advertising Costs
We expense advertising production costs at the time the advertising first takes place. All other advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Most of our advertising costs are included in other operating costs and expenses and were $ 44.3 million, $ 37.3 million and $ 34.0 million in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Preopening Costs
Preopening costs include all costs to relocate and compensate restaurant management staff members during the preopening period, costs to recruit and train hourly restaurant staff members, and wages, travel and lodging costs for our opening training team and other support staff members. Also included are expenses for maintaining a roster of trained managers for pending openings, the associated temporary housing and other costs necessary to relocate managers in alignment with future restaurant opening and operating needs, and corporate travel and support activities. We expense preopening costs as incurred.
Income Taxes
We provide for federal, state and foreign income taxes currently payable and for deferred taxes that result from differences between financial accounting rules and tax laws governing the timing of recognition of various income and expense items. We recognize deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the future tax effects of such temporary differences based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of existing assets and liabilities using the statutory rates expected in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred taxes of any enacted change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Income tax credits are recorded as a reduction of tax expense.
We routinely evaluate the likelihood of realizing the benefit of our deferred tax assets and record a valuation allowance if, based on all available evidence, we determine that some portion of the tax benefit will not be realized. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdictions from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies (when applicable) and results of recent operations. If we later determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in excess of their net recorded amount, we adjust the deferred tax asset valuation allowance and reduce income tax expense.
We evaluate our exposures associated with our various tax filing positions and recognize a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant taxing authorities based solely on its technical merits, taking into account available administrative remedies and litigation. If this threshold is met, we recognize only the portion of the tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. We record a liability for any portion of the tax benefit that does not meet these recognition and measurement criteria and we adjust this liability through income tax expense in the period in which the uncertain tax position is effectively settled, when the statute of limitations expires for the relevant taxing authority to examine the tax position or when new information becomes available. We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense.
Net Income per Share
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, reduced by unvested restricted stock awards. At December 30, 2025, December 31, 2024 and January 2, 2024, 3.2 million shares, 3.2 million shares and 2.9 million shares, respectively, of restricted stock and restricted stock units issued were unvested and, therefore, excluded from the calculation of basic earnings per share for the fiscal years ended on those dates.
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Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Common stock equivalents for our convertible senior notes due 2026 (“2026 Notes”) and our convertible senior notes due 2030 (“2030 Notes”) are determined by application of the if-converted method, and common stock equivalents for outstanding stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units are determined by the application of the treasury stock method.
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
(In thousands, except per share data)
Net income
$
148,427
$
156,783
$
101,351
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
46,786
47,789
48,324
Dilutive effect of equity awards (1)
1,765
1,185
726
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
48,551
48,974
49,050
Basic net income per share
$
3.17
$
3.28
$
2.10
Diluted net income per share
$
3.06
$
3.20
$
2.07
(1) Shares of common stock equivalents related to outstanding stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units of 1.0 million, 2.2 million and 2.9 million for fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were excluded from the diluted calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect. No shares of common stock equivalents related to the 2026 Notes or 2030 Notes were included in the diluted calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect.
Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income includes all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investment by and distribution to owners. Our comprehensive income consists of net income and translation gains/(losses) related to our Canadian restaurant operations.
Foreign Currency
The Canadian dollar is the functional currency for our Canadian restaurant operations. Revenue and expense accounts are translated into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rates during the reporting period. Assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rates in effect at the reporting period end date. Equity accounts are translated at historical rates, except for the change in retained earnings which is the result of the income statement translation process. Translation gains and losses are reported as a separate component in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income and would only be realized upon the sale or upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of the business. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are recognized in our consolidated statements of income in other income, net.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Tax Legislation
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which updates income tax disclosures related to the rate reconciliation and requires disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The amendment also provides further disclosure comparability. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively. However, retrospective application is permitted. We adopted this standard as of the end of fiscal 2025 using the prospective transition method and such adoption did not have a significant impact on our disclosures.
On July 4, 2025, the U.S. enacted H.R. 1 (a bill “To provide for reconciliation pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14”). The legislation includes several provisions that may impact the timing and magnitude of certain tax deductions and provides for the permanent extension of several business tax benefits originally introduced under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The enactment of H.R. 1 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
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Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which requires more detailed disclosures of certain categories of expenses such as inventory purchases, employee compensation and depreciation that are components of existing expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively. However, retrospective application is permitted. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our disclosures.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt- Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Topic 470): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments, which clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. The amendments in this update also clarify that the induced conversion guidance applies to a convertible debt instrument that is not currently convertible as long as it had a substantive conversion feature as of both its issuance date and the date the inducement offer is accepted. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively. However, retrospective application is permitted. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which provides a practical expedient permitting an entity to assume that conditions at the balance sheet date remain unchanged over the life of the asset when estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2025, and for interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in the ASU should be applied prospectively. We will adopt this ASU in the first quarter of fiscal 2026 using the practical expedient and adoption is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which amends certain aspects of the accounting and disclosure for internal-use software costs. The ASU removes all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages. The ASU requires entities to begin capitalizing software costs when management authorizes and commits to funding the software project, and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used for its intended purpose. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments can be applied prospectively, retrospectively, or via a modified prospective transition method. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements, which clarifies interim disclosure requirements by improving the navigability of the required interim disclosures and clarifying when that guidance is applicable. The standard is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our disclosures.
2. Fair Value Measurements
Fair value measurements are estimated based on valuation techniques and inputs categorized as follows:
● Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
● Level 2: Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities
● Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which little or no market activity exists, therefore requiring the Company to develop its own assumptions
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The following tables present the components and classification of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
December 30, 2025
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets/(Liabilities)
Non-qualified deferred compensation assets
$
126,142
$
—
$
—
Non-qualified deferred compensation liabilities
( 125,208 )
—
—
Acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liability
—
—
( 24,628 )
December 31, 2024
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Assets/(Liabilities)
Non-qualified deferred compensation assets
$
108,093
$
—
$
—
Non-qualified deferred compensation liabilities
( 108,166 )
—
—
Acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liability
—
—
( 20,155 )
Changes in the fair value of non-qualified deferred compensation assets and liabilities are recognized in other income, net in our consolidated statements of income. Changes in the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liability are recognized in acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses in our consolidated statements of income.
The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liability categorized as Level 3 (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Beginning balance
$
20,155
$
25,495
Payment
( 8,714 )
( 6,506 )
Change in fair value
13,187
1,166
Ending balance
$
24,628
$
20,155
The fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liability was based on estimated future revenues, margins and probability of achievement given recent performance, discount rate and has no minimum or maximum payment. During fiscal 2025, the fair value of the contingent consideration and compensation liability increased by $ 4.5 million due to a $ 10.5 million increase in the fair value primarily stemming from updating the probability of achievement and $ 2.7 million of amortization, partially offset by a payment of $ 8.7 million per the FRC acquisition agreement. During fiscal 2024, the fair value of the contingent consideration and compensation liability decreased by $ 5.3 million due to a payment of $ 6.5 million per the FRC acquisition agreement and a $ 1.9 million decrease in the fair value primarily stemming from a change in the volatility factors, as well as a decrease in estimated fiscal 2025 revenues and future revenues utilized in the calculation, partially offset by $ 3.1 million of amortization. During fiscal 2023, the fair value of the contingent consideration and compensation liability decreased by $ 3.1 million due to a payment of $ 13.0 million per the FRC acquisition agreement, partially offset by $ 9.9 million increase in the fair value primarily stemming from a change in the volatility factors, as well as an increase in fiscal 2023 revenues and estimated future revenues utilized in the calculation and amortization.
The fair values of our cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, income taxes receivable, other receivables, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, income taxes payable and other accrued expenses approximate their carrying amounts due to their short duration. The fair value of our Revolver Facility (as defined below) approximates carrying value due to the variable interest rate.
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At December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ 69.0 million and $ 345.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes outstanding. The estimated fair value of the 2026 Notes based on a market approach as of December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was approximately $ 67.5 million and $ 339.5 million, respectively, and determined based on the estimated or actual bids and offers of the 2026 Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the reporting period. The decrease in the fair value of the 2026 Notes was primarily due to a decrease in our stock price from the date of the issuance of the 2026 Notes. As of December 30, 2025, we had $ 575.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes outstanding. The estimated fair value of the 2030 Notes based on a market approach as of December 30, 2025 was approximately $ 563.5 million and was determined based on the estimated or actual bids and offers of the 2030 Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the reporting period. The decrease in the fair value of the 2030 Notes was primarily due to a decrease in our stock price from the date of the issuance of the 2030 Notes. See Note 10 for further discussion of the 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes.
3. Accounts and Other Receivables
Accounts and other receivables consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Gift card distributors
$
32,805
$
34,767
Bakery customers
17,747
14,711
Insurance providers
16,903
11,013
Landlord construction contributions
14,358
21,229
Delivery partner
7,359
7,702
Other
20,546
23,081
Total
$
109,718
$
112,503
4. Inventories
Inventories consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Restaurant food and supplies (1)
$
28,736
$
35,141
Bakery finished goods and work in progress (2)
14,896
20,210
Bakery raw materials and supplies
10,337
9,175
Total
$
53,969
$
64,526
(1) The decrease in restaurant food and supplies is primarily driven by a write-down of gift card inventory in fiscal 2025.
(2) The decrease in bakery finished goods and work in progress inventory primarily stems from higher than forecasted sales to third-party bakery customers during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025.
5. Prepaid Expenses
Prepaid expenses consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Gift card contract assets
$
17,958
$
18,447
Prepaid rent
21,996
21,050
Other
14,756
15,194
Total
$
54,710
$
54,691
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6. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Land and related improvements
$
17,449
$
17,303
Buildings
44,985
44,532
Leasehold improvements
1,400,048
1,330,910
Furnishings, fixtures and equipment
718,320
658,064
Computer software and equipment
59,050
55,667
Restaurant smallwares
43,848
39,888
Construction in progress
43,627
75,429
Property and equipment, total
2,327,327
2,221,793
Less: Accumulated depreciation
( 1,457,631 )
( 1,381,020 )
Property and equipment, net
$
869,696
$
840,773
Depreciation expenses related to property and equipment for fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $ 108.0 million, $ 100.8 million and $ 92.9 million, respectively. Repair and maintenance expenses for fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 were $ 110.5 million, $ 103.8 million and $ 99.5 million, respectively and are recorded in other operating costs and expenses. Net expense/(income) for property and equipment disposals was $ 0.6 million, $ 0.4 million and ($ 0.4 ) million in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
7. Other Assets
Other assets consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Non-qualified deferred compensation assets (1)
$
126,142
$
108,093
Deferred income taxes (2)
104,599
97,850
Other
9,848
9,591
Total
$
240,589
$
215,534
(1) See Note 16 for further discussion of our non-qualified deferred compensation assets.
(2) See Note 17 for further discussion of our income taxes.
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8. Gift Cards
The following tables present information related to gift cards (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Gift card liabilities:
Beginning balance
$
226,810
$
222,915
Activations
149,075
151,047
Redemptions and breakage (1)
( 163,026 )
( 147,152 )
Ending balance
$
212,859
$
226,810
(1) Fiscal 2025 includes additional gift card breakage recorded as a result of our annual assessment. See Note 1 for further discussion.
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Gift card contract assets: (2)
Beginning balance
$
18,447
$
19,111
Deferrals
14,049
14,549
Amortization
( 14,538 )
( 15,213 )
Ending balance
$
17,958
$
18,447
(2) Included in prepaid expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.
9. Other Accrued Expenses
Other accrued expenses consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Self-insurance
$
77,286
$
73,562
Salaries and wages
54,522
54,435
Staff member benefits
29,832
29,699
Payroll and sales taxes
23,781
22,418
Rent (1)
15,638
23,176
Other
64,216
62,090
Total
$
265,275
$
265,380
(1)
The decrease in accrued rent is primarily due to the timing of lease payment.
10. Debt
Revolving Credit Facility
On October 6, 2022, we entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement (the “Loan Agreement” and the revolving credit facility provided thereunder, the “Revolver Facility”). The Loan Agreement amends and restates in its entirety our prior credit agreement. The Revolver Facility, which terminates on October 6, 2027, provides us with revolving loan commitments that total $ 400 million, of which $ 50 million may be used for issuances of letters of credit. The Revolver Facility contains a commitment increase feature that, subject to certain conditions precedent, could provide for an additional $ 200 million in revolving loan commitments. Our obligations under the Revolver Facility are unsecured. Certain of our material subsidiaries have guaranteed our obligations under the Revolver Facility.
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On October 6, 2022, we repaid the outstanding balance under the then-existing credit agreement and borrowed the same amount on the Revolver Facility. In November 2023, we borrowed $ 15.0 million on the Revolver Facility and repaid it in December 2023. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024 we repaid $ 20.0 million on the Revolver Facility. As of December 31, 2024, we had net availability for borrowings of $ 256.5 million, based on a $ 110.0 million outstanding debt balance and $ 33.5 million in standby letters of credit under the Revolver Facility. In the first quarter of fiscal 2025 we repaid $ 110.0 million on the Revolver Facility. As of December 30, 2025, we had net availability for borrowings of $ 366.5 million, based on no outstanding debt balance and $ 33.5 million in standby letters of credit under the Revolver Facility.
Under the Revolver Facility, we are subject to the following financial covenants as of the last day of each fiscal quarter: (i) a maximum ratio of net adjusted debt to EBITDAR (the “Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio”) of 4.25 and (ii) a minimum ratio of EBITDAR to interest and rent expense (“EBITDAR Ratio”) of 1.90 . The Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio includes a rental expense multiplier of six as compared to eight in the prior credit agreement. As of December 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all covenants in effect at that date.
Borrowings under the Loan Agreement bear interest, at our election, at a rate equal to either: (i) the sum of (A) adjusted term SOFR (as defined in the Loan Agreement, the “Term SOFR Rate”) plus (B) a rate variable based on the Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio, ranging from 1.00 % to 1.75 %, or (ii) the sum of (A) the highest of (x) the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the prime rate in effect in the United States, (y) the greater of the rate calculated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as the federal funds effective rate or the rate that is published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as the overnight bank funding rate, in either case, plus 0.50 %, and (z) the one-month Term SOFR Rate plus 1.00 %, plus (B) a rate variable based on the Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio, ranging from 0.00 % to 0.75 %. We will also pay a fee variable based on the Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio, ranging from 0.125 % to 0.25 %, on the daily amount of unused commitments under the Loan Agreement. Letters of credit bear fees that are equivalent to the interest rate margin that is applicable to revolving loans that bear interest at the adjusted SOFR plus other customary fees charged by the issuing bank. We paid certain customary loan origination fees in conjunction with the Loan Agreement.
We are also subject to customary events of default that, if triggered, could result in acceleration of the maturity of the Revolver Facility. Subject to certain exceptions, the Revolver Facility also limits distributions with respect to our equity interests, such as cash dividends and share repurchases, based on a defined ratio, and also sets forth negative covenants that restrict indebtedness, liens, investments, sales of assets, fundamental changes and other matters.
2030 Convertible Senior Notes
On February 28, 2025, we issued $ 575.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes (“2030 Notes”). The net proceeds from the sale of the 2030 Notes were approximately $ 558.5 million after deducting issuance costs of $ 16.5 million.
The 2030 Notes are senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with our existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the 2030 Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent we are not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of our subsidiaries. The 2030 Notes were issued pursuant to, and are governed by, an indenture (the “2030 Indenture”), dated as of February 28, 2025, between us and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (the “2030 Note Trustee”).
The 2030 Notes accrue interest at a rate of 2.00 % per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2025. The 2030 Notes will mature on March 15, 2030, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Before November 15, 2029, noteholders will have the right to convert their 2030 Notes only upon the occurrence of certain events, including but not limited to, the Company’s common stock trading above 130 % of the conversion price for a specific period, the 2030 Notes per $ 1,000 in principal amount trading below 98 % of the product of the trading price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate for a specific period, and certain fundamental changes to corporate structure. From and after November 15, 2029, noteholders may convert their 2030 Notes at any time at their election until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. We will have the right to elect to settle conversions either entirely in cash or in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. The kind and amount of consideration due upon conversion will be determined based on the conversion value of the 2030 Notes, measured proportionately for each trading day in an “Observation Period” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture) consisting of 35 trading days, and settled following the completion of that Observation Period. The consideration due in respect of each trading day in the Observation Period will consist of cash, up to at least the proportional amount of the principal amount being converted, and any excess of the proportional conversion value for that trading day
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that will not be settled in cash will be settled in shares of our common stock. The initial conversion rate is 14.1377 shares of our common stock per $ 1,000 principal amount of 2030 Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $ 70.73 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events, but will not be adjusted for regular quarterly dividends that do not exceed the dividend threshold (initially equal to $ 0.27 per share of common stock as defined in the 2030 Indenture). In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time. As of December 30, 2025, the conversion rate for the 2030 Notes was 14.1377 shares of common stock per $ 1,000 principal amount of the 2030 Notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $ 70.73 per share of common stock. In connection with the cash dividend that was declared by our Board of Directors (“Board”) on February 12, 2026, on March 4, 2026 we will adjust the conversion rate (which is expected to increase) and the conversion price (which is expected to decrease) of the 2030 Notes in accordance with the terms.
The 2030 Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to certain limitations described below), at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after March 20, 2028 and on or before the 35th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, but only if (i) the notes are “Freely Tradable” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture), and all accrued and unpaid additional interest, if any, has been paid in full, as of the date we send the related redemption notice; and (ii) the last reported sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130 % of the conversion price on (1) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date we send such redemption notice; and (2) the trading day immediately before the date we send such redemption notice. However, we may not redeem less than all of the outstanding 2030 Notes unless at least $ 150.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes are outstanding and not called for redemption as of the time we send the related redemption notice. The redemption price will be a cash amount equal to the principal amount of the 2030 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, calling any 2030 Note for redemption will constitute a Make-Whole Fundamental Change with respect to that 2030 Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that 2030 Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.
If certain corporate events that constitute a “Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture) occur, then, subject to a limited exception for certain cash mergers, noteholders may require us to repurchase their 2030 Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the 2030 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The definition of Fundamental Change includes certain business combination transactions involving us and certain de-listing events with respect to our common stock.
The 2030 Notes have customary provisions relating to the occurrence of “Events of Default” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture), which include the following: (i) certain payment defaults on the 2030 Notes (which, in the case of a default in the payment of interest on the 2030 Notes, will be subject to a 30-day cure period); (ii) our failure to send certain notices under the 2030 Indenture within specified periods of time; (iii) our failure to comply with certain covenants in the 2030 Indenture relating to our ability to consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell, lease or otherwise transfer, in one transaction or a series of transactions, all or substantially all of our assets and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to another person; (iv) a default by us in our other obligations or agreements under the 2030 Indenture or the 2030 Notes if such default is not cured or waived within 60 days after notice is given in accordance with the 2030 Indenture; (v) certain defaults by us or any of our significant subsidiaries with respect to indebtedness for borrowed money of at least $ 20.0 million; (vi) the rendering of certain judgments against us or any of our significant subsidiaries for the payment of at least $ 50.0 million, where such judgments are not discharged or stayed within 60 days after the date on which the right to appeal has expired or on which all rights to appeal have been extinguished; and (vii) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization involving us or our significant subsidiaries.
If an Event of Default involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events with respect to us (and not solely with respect to our significant subsidiary) occurs, then the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2030 Notes then outstanding will immediately become due and payable without any further action or notice by any person. If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then, the 2030 Note Trustee, by notice to us, or noteholders of at least 25 % of the aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes then outstanding, by notice to us and the 2030 Note Trustee, may declare the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2030 Notes then outstanding to become due and payable immediately. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, we may elect, at our option, that the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to certain failures by us to comply with certain reporting covenants in the 2030 Indenture consists exclusively of the right of the noteholders to receive special interest on the 2030 Notes for up to 180 days at a specified rate per annum not exceeding 0.50 % on the principal amount of the 2030 Notes.
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As of December 30, 2025, the 2030 Notes had a gross principal balance of $ 575.0 million and a balance of $ 561.3 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $ 13.7 million. The net carrying value of the 2030 Notes is included in long-term debt within total liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. Total amortization expense was $ 2.8 million in fiscal 2025 and was included in interest expense, net in the consolidated statements of income. The effective interest rate for the 2030 Notes was 2.57 % as of December 30, 2025.
2026 Convertible Senior Notes
On June 15, 2021, we issued $ 345.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes (“2026 Notes”). The net proceeds from the sale of the 2026 Notes were approximately $ 334.9 million after deducting issuance costs of $ 10.1 million. On February 28, 2025, we used part of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Notes to repurchase approximately $ 276.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes in a privately-negotiated transaction for aggregate consideration of $ 289.8 million (the “2026 Note Repurchase Transaction”). The 2026 Note Repurchase Transaction was accounted for as a debt extinguishment. The 2026 Note Repurchase Transactions resulted in a $ 15.9 million loss on early debt extinguishment in the first quarter of fiscal 2025, of which $ 2.1 million consisted of unamortized issuance costs.
The 2026 Notes are senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with our existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to our existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the 2026 Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent we are not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of our subsidiaries. The 2026 Notes were issued pursuant to, and are governed by, an indenture (the “Base Indenture”) between us and a trustee (“2026 Note Trustee”), dated as of June 15, 2021, as supplemented by a first supplemental indenture (the “Supplemental Indenture,” and the Base Indenture, as supplemented by the Supplemental Indenture, the “2026 Indenture”), dated as of June 15, 2021, between the Company and the 2026 Note Trustee.
The 2026 Notes accrue interest at a rate of 0.375 % per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2021. The 2026 Notes will mature on June 15, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Before February 17, 2026, noteholders will have the right to convert their 2026 Notes only upon the occurrence of certain events. From and after February 17, 2026, noteholders may convert their 2026 Notes at any time at their election until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. We will have the right to elect to settle conversions either entirely in cash or in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. However, upon conversion of any 2026 Notes, the conversion value, which will be determined over an “Observation Period” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) consisting of 30 trading days, will be paid in cash up to at least the principal amount of the 2026 Notes being converted. The initial conversion rate is 12.7551 shares of common stock per $ 1,000 principal amount of Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $ 78.40 per share of common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time. As of December 30, 2025, the conversion rate for the 2026 Notes was 14.1644 shares of common stock per $ 1,000 principal amount of the 2026 Notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $ 70.61 per share of common stock. In connection with the cash dividend that was declared by our Board of Directors (“Board”) on February 12, 2026, on March 4, 2026 we will adjust the conversion rate (which is expected to increase) and the conversion price (which is expected to decrease) of the 2026 Notes in accordance with the terms.
The 2026 Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to certain limitations described below), at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after June 20, 2024 and on or before the 30th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130 % of the conversion price on (i) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date we send the related redemption notice; and (ii) the trading day immediately before the date we send such notice. However, we may not redeem less than all of the outstanding Notes unless at least $ 150.0 million aggregate principal amount of Notes are outstanding and not called for redemption as of the time we send the related redemption notice. In addition, calling any Note for redemption will constitute a Make-Whole Fundamental Change with respect to that 2026 Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that 2026 Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.
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If certain corporate events that constitute a “Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) occur, then, subject to a limited exception for certain cash mergers, noteholders may require us to repurchase their 2026 Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The definition of Fundamental Change includes certain business combination transactions involving us and certain de-listing events with respect to our common stock.
The 2026 Notes have customary provisions relating to the occurrence of “Events of Default” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture), which include the following: (i) certain payment defaults on the 2026 Notes (which, in the case of a default in the payment of interest on the 2026 Notes, will be subject to a 30-day cure period); (ii) our failure to send certain notices under the 2026 Indenture within specified periods of time; (iii) our failure to comply with certain covenants in the Indenture relating to our ability to consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell, lease or otherwise transfer, in one transaction or a series of transactions, all or substantially all of our assets and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to another person; (iv) a default by us in our other obligations or agreements under the 2026 Indenture or the 2026 Notes if such default is not cured or waived within 60 days after notice is given in accordance with the 2026 Indenture; (v) certain defaults by us or any of our significant subsidiaries with respect to indebtedness for borrowed money of at least $ 20,000,000 ; (vi) the rendering of certain judgments against us or any of our significant subsidiaries for the payment of at least $ 25,000,000 , where such judgments are not discharged or stayed within 60 days after the date on which the right to appeal has expired or on which all rights to appeal have been extinguished; and (vii) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization involving us or any of our significant subsidiaries.
If an Event of Default involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events with respect to us (and not solely with respect to a significant subsidiary of ours) occurs, then the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2026 Notes then outstanding will immediately become due and payable without any further action or notice by any person. If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then, the 2026 Note Trustee, by notice to us, or noteholders of at least 25 % of the aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes then outstanding, by notice to us and the 2026 Note Trustee, may declare the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2026 Notes then outstanding to become due and payable immediately. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, we may elect, at our option, that the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to certain failures by us to comply with certain reporting covenants in the 2026 Note Indenture consists exclusively of the right of the noteholders to receive special interest on the 2026 Notes for up to 180 days at a specified rate per annum not exceeding 0.50 % on the principal amount of the 2026 Notes.
As of December 30, 2025, the 2026 Notes had a gross principal balance of $ 69.0 million and a balance of $ 68.8 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $ 0.2 million. The unamortized balance of issuance costs was recorded as a contra-liability and netted with current portion of long-term debt on our consolidated balance sheets. Total amortization expense was $ 0.7 million, $ 2.0 million and $ 2.0 million in fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, respectively and was included in interest expense, net in the consolidated statements of income. The effective interest rate for the 2026 Notes was 0.96 % as of December 30, 2025.
11. Leases
Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Operating
$
168,504
$
154,233
$
145,774
Variable
92,798
90,686
87,047
Short-term
157
158
142
Total
$
261,459
$
245,077
$
232,963
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows: (in thousands):
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases
$
165,944
$
142,259
$
145,836
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
122,116
169,831
114,373
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The weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate were as follows:
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term — operating leases (in years)
14.4
14.7
Weighted-average discount rate — operating leases
5.8
%
5.6
%
As of December 30, 2025, the maturities of our operating lease liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal year 2026
$
173,093
Fiscal year 2027
166,279
Fiscal year 2028
175,894
Fiscal year 2029
158,211
Fiscal year 2030
141,426
Thereafter
1,476,059
Total future lease payments
2,290,962
Less: Interest
( 791,201 )
Present value of lease liabilities
$
1,499,761
Operating lease liabilities include $ 817.4 million related to options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised and exclude $ 291.3 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.
12. Other Noncurrent Liabilities
Other noncurrent liabilities consisted of (in thousands):
Fiscal year ended
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Non-qualified deferred compensation liabilities (1)
$
125,208
$
108,166
Contingent consideration and compensation liability (2)
11,883
11,986
Other
17,471
15,651
Total
$
154,562
$
135,803
(1) See Note 16 for further discussion of our non-qualified deferred compensation assets and liabilities.
(2) See Note 2 for further discussion of the fair value measurement of this liability.
13. Commitments and Contingencies
The FRC acquisition agreement included a contingent consideration provision of which the remainder is payable annually from 2024 through 2027 and is based on achievement of revenue and profitability targets for the FRC brands other than North Italia and Flower Child. The liability for this contingent consideration provision was $ 24.6 million at December 30, 2025. See Note 2 for discussion of the fair value measurement of this liability.
As credit guarantees to insurers, we had $ 33.5 million at both December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, in standby letters of credit related to our self-insurance liabilities. All standby letters of credit are renewable annually.
We retain the financial responsibility for a significant portion of our risks and associated liabilities with respect to workers’ compensation, general liability, staff member health benefits, employment practices and other insurable risks. The accrued liabilities associated with these programs are based on our estimate of the ultimate costs to settle known claims, as well as claims incurred but not yet reported to us (“IBNR”) as of the balance sheet date. The total accrued liability for our self-insured plans was $ 77.3 million and $ 73.6 million at December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
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On June 7, 2024, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued its examination report for tax years 2015 through 2020 in which it proposed to disallow a portion of our depreciation deductions and domestic production activity deductions and to assess penalties. On August 12, 2024, we submitted protest memoranda indicating our disagreement with a majority of the findings in the examination report, and our case is now under the jurisdiction of the Appeals Division (“Appeals”). Appeals conferences were held during fiscal 2025, and based on the current status of this matter, we have reserved an immaterial amount.
Within the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to private lawsuits, government audits and investigations, administrative proceedings and other claims. These matters typically involve claims from customers, staff members and others related to operational and employment issues common to the foodservice industry. A number of these claims may exist at any given time, and some of the claims may be pled as class actions. From time to time, we are also involved in lawsuits with respect to infringements of, or challenges to, our registered trademarks and other intellectual property, both domestically and abroad. We could be affected by adverse publicity and litigation costs resulting from such allegations, regardless of whether they are valid or whether we are legally determined to be liable.
At this time, we believe that the amount of reasonably possible losses resulting from final disposition of any pending lawsuits, audits, investigations, proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse effect individually or in the aggregate on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. It is possible, however, that our future results of operations for a particular quarter or fiscal year could be impacted by changes in circumstances relating to lawsuits, audits, proceedings or claims. Legal costs related to such claims are expensed as incurred.
We have employment agreements with certain of our executive officers that provide for payments to those officers in the event of an actual or constructive termination of their employment, including in the event of a termination without cause, an acquirer failure to assume or continue equity awards following a change in control of the Company or, otherwise, in the event of death or disability as defined in those agreements. Aggregate payments totaling approximately $ 3.6 million, excluding accrued potential bonuses of $ 3.4 million, which are subject to approval by the Compensation Committee, would have been required by those agreements had all such officers terminated their employment for reasons requiring such payments as of December 30, 2025. In addition, the employment agreement with our Chief Executive Officer specifies an annual founder’s retirement benefit of $ 650,000 for ten years , commencing six months after termination of his full-time employment.
14. Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock - Dividends and Share Repurchases
Our Board reinstated and declared a quarterly dividend in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 and has continued to pay quarterly dividends through fiscal 2025. Our Board declared dividends of $ 1.08 per common share in the aggregate during each fiscal 2025, fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023. Future decisions to pay or to increase or decrease dividends are at the discretion of the Board and will be dependent on our operating performance, financial condition, capital expenditure requirements, limitations on cash distributions pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement and applicable law, and such other factors that the Board considers relevant. (See Note 10 for further discussion of our debt.)
Under authorization by our Board to repurchase up to 61.0 million shares of our common stock, we have cumulatively repurchased 59.9 million shares at a total cost of $ 1,983.6 million, excluding excise tax, through December 30, 2025. During fiscal 2025, we repurchased 2.9 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $ 153.9 million, excluding excise tax, inclusive of the 2.4 million shares of our common stock repurchased concurrently with the 2030 Notes issuance in privately negotiated transactions on February 28, 2025. During fiscal 2024 and 2023, we repurchased 0.5 million and 1.4 million shares of our common stock at a cost of $ 18.0 million and $ 46.1 million, excluding excise tax, respectively. Our objectives with regard to share repurchases have been to offset the dilution to our shares outstanding that results from equity compensation grants and to supplement our earnings per share growth. Repurchased common stock is reflected as a reduction of stockholders’ equity in treasury stock.
Our share repurchase program does not have an expiration date, does not require us to purchase a specific number of shares and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time. Share repurchases may be made from time to time in open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs, issuer self-tender offers or otherwise. Future decisions to repurchase shares are at the discretion of the Board and are based on several factors, including current and forecasted operating cash flows, capital needs associated with new restaurant development and maintenance of existing locations, dividend payments, debt levels and cost of borrowing, obligations associated with the FRC acquisition, our share price and current market conditions. The timing and number of shares repurchased are also subject to legal constraints and covenants under our Loan
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Agreement that limit share repurchases based on a defined ratio. (See Notes 10 and 19 for further discussion of our debt and for increased authorized share repurchase program amount our share repurchase program.)
15. Stock-Based Compensation
We maintain stock-based incentive plans under which incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares and restricted share units may be granted to staff members, consultants and non-employee directors. Our current practice is to issue new shares, rather than treasury shares, upon stock option exercises, for restricted share grants and upon vesting of restricted share units. To date, we have only granted non-qualified stock options, restricted shares and restricted share units of common stock under these plans.
On March 26, 2025, our Board approved an amendment to our The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the Plan by 6.0 million shares to 13.15 million shares from 7.15 million shares (the “Plan Amendment”). This Plan Amendment was approved by our stockholders at our 2025 annual meeting held on May 22, 2025. Approximately 6.3 million of these shares were available for grant as of December 30, 2025.
Stock options generally vest at 20 % per year and expire eight to ten years from the date of grant. Restricted shares and restricted share units generally vest between three to five years from the date of grant and require that the staff member remains employed in good standing with the Company as of the vesting date. Certain restricted share units granted to executive officers contain performance-based vesting conditions. Performance goals are determined by the Board of Directors. The quantity of units that will vest ranges from 0 % to 150 % based on the level of achievement of the performance conditions. Equity awards for certain executive officers may vest earlier in the event of a change of control in which the acquirer fails to assume or continue such awards, as defined in the plan, or under certain circumstances described in such executive officers’ respective employment agreements. Compensation expense is recognized only for those options, restricted shares and restricted share units expected to vest, with forfeitures estimated based on our historical experience and future expectations.
The following table presents information related to stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures (in thousands):
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Labor expenses
$
9,620
$
11,208
$
9,914
Other operating costs and expenses
362
398
318
General and administrative expenses
17,252
18,356
15,549
Total stock-based compensation
27,234
29,962
25,781
Income tax benefit
6,695
7,487
6,437
Total stock-based compensation, net of taxes
$
20,539
$
22,475
$
19,344
Capitalized stock-based compensation (1)
$
217
$
240
$
185
(1) It is our policy to capitalize the portion of stock-based compensation costs for our internal development department that relates to capitalizable activities such as the design and construction of new restaurants, remodeling existing locations and equipment installation. Capitalized stock-based compensation is included in property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets.
Stock Options
We did not issue any stock options during fiscal 2025. The weighted-average fair value at the grant date for options issued during fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023 were $ 12.45 and $ 15.76 per share, respectively. In fiscal 2024, the fair value of options issued was estimated utilizing the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions: (a) an expected option term of 6.9 years, (b) expected stock price volatility of 41.9 %, (c) a risk-free interest rate of 4.3 % and (d) a dividend yield on our stock of 3.1 %. In fiscal 2023, the fair value of options issued was estimated utilizing the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions: (a) an expected option term of 6.7 years, (b) expected stock price volatility of 45.2 %, (c) a risk-free interest rate of 4.0 % and (d) a dividend yield on our stock of 2.7 %.
The expected option term represents the estimated period of time until exercise and is based on historical experience of similar options, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and expectations of future staff member behavior.
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Expected stock price volatility is based on a combination of the historical volatility of our stock and the implied volatility of actively traded options on our common stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant with an equivalent remaining term. The dividend yield is based on anticipated cash dividend payouts.
Stock option activity during fiscal 2025 was as follows:
Weighted-
Average
Weighted-
Remaining
Average
Contractual
Aggregate
Shares
Exercise Price
Term
Intrinsic Value (1)
(In thousands)
(Per share)
(In years)
(In thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of year
1,167
$
45.77
3.1
$
4,163.6
Granted
—
$
—
Exercised
( 542 )
$
45.39
Forfeited or cancelled
( 154 )
$
61.46
Outstanding at end of year
471
$
41.08
4.1
$
4,203.7
Exercisable at end of year
382
$
42.17
3.3
$
2,992.3
(1) Aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between our closing stock price at fiscal year end and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options and represents the pre-tax amount that would have been received by the option holders, had they all exercised their options on the fiscal year-end date.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 2025 and 2024 was $ 5.0 million and $ 2.0 million, respectively. There were no options exercised during fiscal 2023. As of December 30, 2025, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options was $ 0.9 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.9 years.
Restricted Shares and Restricted Share Units
Restricted share and restricted share unit activity during fiscal 2025 was as follows:
Weighted-
Average
Shares
Fair Value
(In thousands)
(Per share)
Outstanding at beginning of year
3,239
$
38.02
Granted
737
$
53.58
Vested
( 678 )
$
39.47
Forfeited
( 122 )
$
38.56
Outstanding at end of year
3,176
$
41.31
Fair value of our restricted shares and restricted share units is based on our closing stock price on the date of grant. The weighted-average fair value for restricted shares and restricted share units issued during fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $ 53.58 , $ 35.95 and $ 37.73 , respectively. The fair value of shares that vested during fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $ 26.8 million, $ 24.8 million and $ 21.8 million, respectively. As of December 30, 2025, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted shares and restricted share units was $ 64.3 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.6 years.
16. Employee Benefit Plans
We have defined contribution benefit plans in accordance with section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code (“401(k) Plans”) that are open to our staff members who meet certain compensation and eligibility requirements. Participation in the 401(k) Plans is currently open to staff members from our restaurant concepts, bakery facilities, corporate office and FRC headquarters. The 401(k) Plans allow participating staff members to defer the receipt of a portion of their compensation and contribute such amount to one or more investment options. Our executive officers and a select group of management and/or highly compensated staff members are not eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plans. We currently match in cash a certain percentage of the staff member contributions to the
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401(k) Plans and also pay a portion of the administrative costs. Expense recognized in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $ 2.7 million, $ 2.2 million and $ 2.3 million, respectively.
We have also established non-qualified deferred compensation plans (“Non-Qualified Plans”) for our executive officers and a select group of management and/or highly compensated staff members. The Non-Qualified Plans allow participating staff members to defer the receipt of a portion of their base compensation and bonuses. Non-employee directors may also participate in the Non-Qualified Plans and defer the receipt of their earned director fees. We currently match in cash a certain percentage of the staff member contributions to the Non-Qualified Plans and also pay for the administrative costs. We do not match any contributions made by non-employee directors. Expense recognized in fiscal 2025, 2024 and 2023 was $ 1.4 million, $ 1.4 million and $ 1.3 million, respectively.
While we are under no obligation to fund Non-Qualified Plan liabilities (in whole or in part), our current practice is to maintain company-owned life insurance contracts and other investments that are specifically designed to informally fund savings plans of this nature. These contracts are recorded at their cash surrender value as determined by the insurance carrier. Our consolidated balance sheets reflect investments in other assets and our obligation to participants in the Non-Qualified Plans in other noncurrent liabilities. Gains and losses related to our non-qualified deferred compensation assets and liabilities are reflected in other income, net in our consolidated statements of income.
We maintain self-insured medical and dental benefit plans for our staff members. The accrued liabilities associated with these programs are based on our estimate of the ultimate costs to settle known claims as well as claims incurred but not yet reported to us as of the balance sheet date. The accrued liability for our self-insured benefit plans, which is included in other accrued expenses, was $ 12.1 million and $ 11.0 million as of December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. (See Note 1 for further discussion of accounting for our self-insurance liabilities.)
17. Income Taxes
In fiscal 2025, we adopted ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, on a prospective basis. Certain disclosures for fiscal 2025 reflect the new requirements. Prior year disclosures are presented under previous guidance.
The components of income before income taxes and provision for income taxes pursuant to the disclosure requirements of ASU 2023-09 for year ended December 30, 2025 consisted of the following (in thousands):
2025
United States
$
141,641
Foreign
21,254
Income before income taxes
$
162,895
Income tax provision/(benefit):
Current:
Federal
$
10,083
State
8,955
Foreign
2,135
Total current
21,173
Deferred:
Federal
( 6,917 )
State
212
Total deferred
( 6,705 )
Total provision:
Federal
3,166
State
9,167
Foreign
2,135
Total provision
$
14,468
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The provision for income taxes for fiscal 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands):
2024
2023
Income before income taxes
$
171,047
$
100,014
Income tax provision/(benefit):
Current:
Federal
$
10,638
$
7,183
State
9,688
7,195
Total current
20,326
14,378
Deferred:
Federal
( 7,542 )
( 15,329 )
State
1,480
( 386 )
Total deferred
( 6,062 )
( 15,715 )
Total provision/(benefit)
$
14,264
$
( 1,337 )
The following reconciles the U.S. federal statutory rate to the effective tax rate for fiscal 2025 pursuant to the disclosure requirement of ASU 2023-09 for year ended December 30, 2025 (in thousands, except percentages):
Amount
Percent
U.S. federal statutory rate
$
34,207
21.0
%
Domestic federal
Tax Credits
Credit for FICA taxes paid on tips
( 35,550 )
( 21.8 )
Foreign tax credit
( 1,835 )
( 1.1 )
Other
( 1,809 )
( 1.1 )
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
FICA taxes paid on tips subject to tax credit
7,466
4.6
Non-deductible executive compensation
3,214
2.0
Gain on investments used to fund deferred compensation
( 2,957 )
( 1.8 )
Loss on debt extinguishment
2,681
1.7
Other
718
0.4
Other
Equity compensation
( 1,759 )
( 1.1 )
Other
( 964 )
( 0.6 )
Domestic state and local income taxes, net of federal benefit (1)
7,242
4.4
Foreign tax effects
2,135
1.3
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits
1,679
1.0
Effective tax rate
$
14,468
8.9
%
(1) State taxes in California, Arizona and New Jersey made up the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect in this category.
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The following reconciles the U.S. federal statutory rate to the effective tax rate for fiscal 2024 and 2023:
Fiscal Year
2024
2023
U.S. federal statutory rate
21.0
%
21.0
%
State and district income taxes, net of federal benefit
5.0
5.4
Credit for FICA taxes paid on tips
( 16.3 )
( 24.9 )
Other credits and incentives
( 1.0 )
( 2.2 )
Deferred compensation
( 1.6 )
( 2.4 )
Equity compensation
1.2
1.5
Uncertain tax positions
( 0.9 )
( 0.7 )
Non-deductible executive compensation
1.0
0.8
Other
( 0.1 )
0.2
Effective tax rate
8.3
%
( 1.3 )
%
Following are the temporary differences that created our deferred tax assets and liabilities (in thousands):
December 30, 2025
December 31, 2024
Deferred tax assets:
Staff member benefits
$
44,656
$
40,500
Insurance reserves
15,949
15,244
Operating lease liability
344,123
335,034
Deferred income
36,874
39,248
Tax credit carryforwards
92,195
79,933
Goodwill
23,074
21,393
Stock-based compensation
9,304
10,788
State and foreign net operating loss carryforwards
1,215
1,331
Other
922
867
Subtotal
568,312
544,338
Less: Valuation allowance
( 477 )
( 601 )
Total
$
567,835
$
543,737
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment
$
( 139,097 )
$
( 129,504 )
Prepaid expenses
( 8,499 )
( 8,435 )
Inventory
( 10,055 )
( 9,194 )
Accrued rent
( 5,865 )
( 5,867 )
Operating lease asset
( 298,662 )
( 291,991 )
Other
( 1,058 )
( 896 )
Total
$
( 463,236 )
$
( 445,887 )
Net deferred tax asset
$
104,599
$
97,850
Following is a summary of income taxes paid, net of refunds by jurisdiction pursuant to the disclosure requirements of ASU 2023-09 for the year ended December 30, 2025 (in thousands):
Fiscal Year 2025
U.S. federal
$
10,333
U.S. state and local
California
3,138
Other
7,068
Total U.S. state and local
10,206
Foreign
2,240
Total income tax paid, net of refunds
$
22,779
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At December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ 92.1 million and $ 79.8 million, respectively of U.S. federal credit carryforwards which begin to expire in 2043 and $ 0.1 million and $ 0.2 million, respectively, of state hiring and investment credits which begin to expire in 2028. At December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ 1.5 million and $ 1.9 million, respectively of foreign net operating loss carryforwards which begin to expire in 2037 and $ 23.9 million and $ 23.7 million, respectively, of state net operating loss carryforwards with statutory carryforward periods ranging from 5 years to no expiration period. The earliest year that a material state net operating loss will expire is 2032.
We assess the available evidence to estimate if these carryforwards and our other deferred tax assets will be realized. We concluded that a substantial portion of our deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized by reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and that forecasted future taxable income, exclusive of reversing temporary differences, will result in realization of a substantial portion of the remainder. We did not need to consider tax planning strategies in this analysis. Based on this evaluation, at December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 we carried a valuation allowance of $ 0.5 million and $ 0.6 million, respectively, to reflect the amount that we will likely not realize. This assessment could change if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are revised. The earliest tax year still subject to examination by a significant taxing jurisdiction is 2015.
At December 30, 2025, we had a reserve of $ 5.0 million for uncertain tax positions, all of which would favorably impact our effective income tax rate if resolved in our favor. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of our uncertain tax positions is as follows (in thousands):
Fiscal Year
2025
2024
2023
Balance at beginning of year
$
3,396
$
3,847
$
3,787
Additions/(reductions) related to prior year tax positions
1,497
( 419 )
181
Additions/(reductions) related to current period tax positions
68
( 32 )
( 121 )
Additions/(reductions) related to settlements with taxing authorities
—
—
—
Balance at end of year
$
4,961
$
3,396
$
3,847
At December 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $ 0.3 million and $ 0.1 million, respectively, of accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
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18. Segment Information
Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer. Our CODM allocates resources and evaluates the performance of each operating segment based on the segment’s revenue and income/(loss) from operations, comparing actual results to historical and previously forecasted financial information. Significant expenses are expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM and are included in segment income/(loss). Our operating segments, are aligned with our strategic priorities and are the businesses for which our CODM reviews discrete financial information for decision-making purposes, are comprised of The Cheesecake Factory, North Italia, Flower Child, the other FRC brands and our bakery division. Based on quantitative thresholds set forth in ASC 280, Segment Reporting, The Cheesecake Factory, North Italia and the other FRC brands are the only businesses that meet the criteria of a reportable operating segment . The remaining operating segments (Flower Child and our bakery division) along with our businesses that do not qualify as operating segments are combined in Other. Unallocated corporate expenses, capital expenditures and assets are also combined in Other.
Segment information is presented below (in thousands):
For the fifty-two weeks ended December 30, 2025
The Cheesecake
Factory
North
Restaurants
Italia
Other FRC
Other
Total
Revenues
$
2,688,797
$
345,896
$
355,060
$
362,053
$
3,751,806
Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs
581,264
76,607
77,985
77,291
813,147
Labor expenses
913,001
128,179
132,777
138,937
1,312,894
Other operating costs and expenses
707,738
94,700
107,936
103,641
1,014,015
General and administrative expenses
—
—
—
244,915
244,915
Depreciation and amortization expenses
66,733
12,257
13,215
16,826
109,031
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses
505
7,869
9,603
5,013
22,990
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
—
—
1,262
13,187
14,449
Preopening costs
10,253
7,917
11,544
3,366
33,080
Total costs and expenses
2,279,494
327,529
354,322
603,176
3,564,521
Income/(loss) from operations
$
409,303
$
18,367
$
738
$
( 241,123 )
$
187,285
Capital expenditures
$
75,255
$
26,190
$
18,409
$
26,350
$
146,204
Total assets
$
1,636,027
$
441,827
$
447,978
$
735,840
$
3,261,672
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For the fifty-two weeks ended December 31, 2024
The Cheesecake
Factory
North
Restaurants
Italia
Other FRC
Other
Total
Revenues
$
2,661,627
$
299,575
$
299,969
$
320,528
$
3,581,699
Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs
599,899
69,505
66,665
69,952
806,021
Labor expenses
913,560
111,082
108,377
131,363
1,264,382
Other operating costs and expenses
696,739
82,290
88,672
91,520
959,221
General and administrative expenses
—
—
—
228,737
228,737
Depreciation and amortization expenses
66,010
9,244
11,389
14,807
101,450
Impairment of assets and lease termination (income)/expenses
( 1,402 )
—
14,893
156
13,647
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
—
—
1,262
1,167
2,429
Preopening costs
7,499
7,409
9,206
3,381
27,495
Total costs and expenses
2,282,305
279,530
300,464
541,083
3,403,382
Income/(loss) from operations
$
379,322
$
20,045
$
( 495 )
$
( 220,555 )
$
178,317
Capital expenditures
$
65,465
$
37,811
$
30,405
$
26,683
$
160,364
Total assets
$
1,545,227
$
419,812
$
420,957
$
655,764
$
3,041,760
For the fifty-two weeks ended January 2, 2024
The Cheesecake
Factory
North
Restaurants
Italia
Other FRC
Other
Total
Revenues
$
2,595,066
$
258,878
$
263,923
$
321,636
$
3,439,503
Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs
607,439
64,425
59,865
71,771
803,500
Labor expenses
907,579
93,540
93,840
132,936
1,227,895
Other operating costs and expenses
685,521
69,918
72,554
94,435
922,428
General and administrative expenses
—
—
—
217,449
217,449
Depreciation and amortization expenses
64,206
6,407
7,916
14,607
93,136
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses
20,401
1,015
2,582
5,466
29,464
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses
—
—
1,262
10,424
11,686
Preopening costs
12,857
5,058
6,482
982
25,379
Total costs and expenses
2,298,003
240,363
244,501
548,070
3,330,937
Income/(loss) from operations
$
297,063
$
18,515
$
19,422
$
( 226,434 )
$
108,566
Capital expenditures
$
80,752
$
26,882
$
27,562
$
16,369
$
151,565
Total assets
$
1,571,943
$
346,810
$
399,038
$
522,592
$
2,840,383
19. Subsequent Events
On February 12, 2026, our Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $ 0.30 per share to be paid on March 17, 2026 to the stockholders of record of each share of our common stock at the close of business on March 4, 2026.
On February 12, 2026, our Board increased the authorization to repurchase our common stock by 5.0 million shares to 66.0 million shares. See Note 14 for further discussion on our repurchase authorization and methods.
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No.
Item
Form
File Number
Incorporated by
Reference from
Exhibit Number
Filed/Furnished with SEC
2.1
Form of Reorganization Agreement (P)
Amend. No. 1
to Form S-1
33-479336
2.1
8/17/92
2.2
Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2019, by and among The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, Inc., Fox Restaurant Concepts LLC, the Sellers party thereto, SWF Posse LLC, as Seller’s representative, and, solely for limited purposes set forth therein, The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated #†
10-Q
000-20574
2.3
11/8/19
2.3
First Amendment to Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2019, by and among The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, Inc., Fox Restaurant Concepts LLC, and SWF Posse LLC, as Seller’s representative #
10-Q
000-20574
2.4
11/8/19
2.4
Second Amendment to Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2021, by and among The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, Inc., Fox Restaurant Concepts LLC, and SWF Posse LLC, as Seller’s representative # †
10-Q
000-20574
2.1
8/4/21
2.5
Third Amendment to Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 7, 2022, by and among The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, Inc., Fox Restaurant Concepts LLC, and SWF Posse LLC, as Seller’s representative # †
10-K
000-20574
2.7
2/22/22
3.1
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated
8-K
000-20574
3.1
6/4/24
3.2
Bylaws of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated (Amended and Restated on October 26, 2022)
8-K
000-20574
3.1
11/01/22
3.3
Certificate of Elimination of Series A Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated
10-Q
000-20574
3.1
8/6/18
3.4
Certificate of Designations of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated, dated April 20, 2020
8-K
000-20574
3.1
4/20/20
4.1
Description of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated’s Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act
10-K
000-20574
4.1
3/11/20
4.2
Indenture, dated as of June 15, 2021, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
8-K
000-20574
4.1
6/15/21
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Exhibit
No.
Item
Form
File Number
Incorporated by
Reference from
Exhibit Number
Filed/Furnished with SEC
4.3
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 15, 2021, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
8-K
000-20574
4.2
6/15/21
4.4
Form of certificate representing the 0.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (included as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.3)
8-K
000-20574
4.2
6/15/21
4.5
Indenture, dated as of February 28, 2025, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee
8-K
000-20574
4.1
2/28/25
4.6
Form of certificate representing the 2.00% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 (included as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.5)
8-K
000-20574
4.2
2/28/25
10.1
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, effective as of April 5, 2023, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and David M. Overton*
10-Q
000-20574
10.1
8/7/23
10.2
Employment Agreement, effective as of March 3, 2016, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and David M. Gordon*
10-K
000-20574
10.6
3/2/17
10.3
Employment Agreement, effective as of July 7, 2017, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and Matthew E. Clark*
8-K
000-25074
99.1
6/13/17
10.4
Employment Agreement, effective as of May 14, 2018, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and Scarlett May*
10-Q
000-25074
10.10
5/11/18
10.5
Employment Agreement, effective as of February 13, 2019, between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and Keith T. Carango*
10-K
000-20574
10.8
3/4/19
10.6.1
Amended and Restated The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Executive Savings Plan*
10-K
000-25074
10.20
3/2/17
10.6.2
First Amendment to The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Executive Savings Plan as amended and restated November 7, 2016*
10-K
000-25074
10.11.1
2/28/18
10.7.1
Form of Indemnification Agreement*
8-K
000-25074
99.1
12/14/07
10.8.1
Inducement Agreement dated as of July 27, 2005
8-K
000-25074
99.3
8/2/05
10.8.2
First Amendment to Inducement Agreement dated as of March 1, 2010
10-K
000-25074
10.36
2/23/11
10.8.3
Second Amendment to Inducement Agreement dated as of May 7, 2015
10-K
000-25704
10.24
3/2/17
91
Table of Contents
Exhibit
No.
Item
Form
File Number
Incorporated by
Reference from
Exhibit Number
Filed/Furnished with SEC
10.9.1
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan as amended April 7, 2011*
DEF 14A
000-20574
Appendix A
4/21/11
10.9.2
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan as amended effective as of February 27, 2013*
DEF 14A
000-20574
Appendix A
04/19/13
10.9.3
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan as amended April 3, 2014*
DEF 14A
000-20574
Appendix A
4/17/14
10.9.4
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan as amended May 28, 2015*
DEF 14A
000-20574
Appendix A
4/17/15
10.9.5
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan as amended April 5, 2017*
DEF 14A
000-20574
Appendix A
4/25/17
10.10
Form of Grant Agreement for Executive Officers under 2010 Stock Incentive Plan*
10-Q
000-20574
10.1
11/4/10
10.11
Form of Grant Agreement for Executive Officers under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after August 2, 2012*
10-Q
000-20574
10.1
8/10/12
10.12
Form of Notice of Stock Option Grant and Agreement and/or Restricted Stock Grant Agreement for Executive Officers under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after March 6, 2014*
8-K
000-20574
99.1
3/7/14
10.13
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Stock Unit Agreement under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after March 3, 2016*
8-K
000-20574
99.2
3/4/16
10.14.1
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for MEP I under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
10-K
000-25074
10.24.1
2/28/18
10.14.2
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for MEP II under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
10-K
000-25074
10.24.2
2/28/18
10.14.3
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for MEP III under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
10-K
000-25074
10.24.3
2/28/18
10.14.4
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for MEP IV under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
10-K
000-25074
10.24.4
2/28/18
92
Table of Contents
Exhibit
No.
Item
Form
File Number
Incorporated by
Reference from
Exhibit Number
Filed/Furnished with SEC
10.14.5
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for MEP V under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
10-K
000-25074
10.24.5
2/28/18
10.14.6
Form of Standard Notice of Grant and Restricted Share Agreement I under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
10-K
000-25074
10.24.6
2/28/18
10.14.7
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for Senior Executive under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made after February 15, 2018*
8-K
000-20574
99.3
2/21/18
10.14.8
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement under the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, for equity grants made on or after February 13, 2019*
10-Q
000-20574
10.2
5/6/19
10.15.1
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan*
8-K
000-20574
10.1
6/5/19
10.15.2
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan, as amended March 24, 2022*
8-K
000-20574
10.1
5/23/22
10.15.3
The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan, as amended by the Second Amendment*
8-K
000-20574
10.1
5/28/25
10.15.4
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Unit Grant Agreement for Directors under The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan*
10-Q
000-20574
10.1
6/22/20
10.15.5
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for Executive Officers under The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan*
10-K
000-20574
10.15.4
2/24/25
10.15.6
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement under The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan*
10-K
000-20574
10.15.5
2/24/25
10.15.7
Form of Notice of Grant and Restricted Share Agreement for MEP I under The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan*
10-K
000-20574
10.15.5
2/22/22
10.16
2015 Amended and Restated Performance Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated on September 2, 2020)*
8-K
000-20574
10.1
9/8/20
10.17
Registration Rights Agreement, dated April 20, 2020, by and between The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and RC Cake Holdings LLC
8-K
000-20574
10.2
4/20/20
93
Table of Contents
Exhibit
No.
Item
Form
File Number
Incorporated by
Reference from
Exhibit Number
Filed/Furnished with SEC
10.18
Form of Notice of Grant and Stock Option Agreement and/or Restricted Share Agreement for Executive Officers under The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan
10-Q
000-20574
10.02
5/3/21
10.19
Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association dated as of October 6, 2022
10-Q
000-20574
10.1
11/02/22
19.1
The Registrant’s Special Trading Policy and Procedures
10-K
000-20574
19.1
2/24/25
21.1
List of Subsidiaries
—
—
—
Filed herewith
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm — KPMG LLP
—
—
—
Filed herewith
31.1
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Principal Executive Officer
—
—
—
Filed herewith
31.2
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of the Principal Financial Officer
—
—
—
Filed herewith
32.1
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for Principal Executive Officer
—
—
—
Furnished herewith
32.2
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 for Principal Financial Officer
—
—
—
Furnished herewith
97.1
The Registrant’s Policy for Recover of Erroneously Awarded Compensation
10-K
000-20574
97.1
2/26/24
94
Table of Contents
Exhibit
No.
Item
Form
File Number
Incorporated by
Reference from
Exhibit Number
Filed/Furnished with SEC
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document
—
—
—
Filed herewith
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
—
—
—
Filed herewith
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
—
—
—
Filed herewith
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
—
—
—
Filed herewith
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
—
—
—
Filed herewith
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
—
—
—
Filed herewith
104
The cover page of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2025, formatted in iXBRL (included with Exhibit 101)
—
—
—
Filed herewith
* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit.
# The schedules (or similar attachments) to this exhibit have been omitted from this filing pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company will furnish copies of any such schedules or similar attachments to the SEC upon request.
† Certain confidential information contained in this agreement has been omitted because it (i) is not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if publicly disclosed.
(P) This exhibit has been paper filed and is not subject to the hyperlinking requirements of Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
95
Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 23rd day of February, 2026.
THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED
/s/ DAVID OVERTON
By:
David Overton
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
96
Table of Contents
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints David Overton and Matthew E. Clark, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Name
Title
Date
/s/ DAVID OVERTON
Chairman of the Board and
February 23, 2026
David Overton
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ MATTHEW E. CLARK
Executive Vice President and
February 23, 2026
Matthew E. Clark
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ ASHLEY W. HANSCOM
Vice President, Controller
February 23, 2026
Ashley W. Hanscom
(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ EDIE A. AMES
Director
February 23, 2026
Edie A. Ames
/s/ ALEXANDER L. CAPPELLO
Director
February 23, 2026
Alexander L. Cappello
/s/ KHANH COLLINS
Director
February 23, 2026
Khanh Collins
/s/ ADAM S. GORDON
Director
February 23, 2026
Adam S. Gordon
/s/ JEROME I. KRANSDORF
Director
February 23, 2026
Jerome I. Kransdorf
/s/ JANICE MEYER
Director
February 23, 2026
Janice Meyer
/s/ DAVID B. PITTAWAY
Director
February 23, 2026
David B. Pittaway
97
Text extracted from the filing as submitted to EDGAR. Formatting, tables and exhibits are simplified for reading; the original document is authoritative for anything you rely on.