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Item 1. Business

2022-02-28 compared with 2021-03-01 · 339 added, 190 removed, 289 unchanged (65% of the section changed)

ITEM 1 BUSINESS

We are a developer, manufacturer and distributor of high-performance scientific instruments and analytical and diagnostic solutions that enable our customers to explore life and materials at microscopic, molecular and cellular levels.

We are a developer, manufacturer and distributor of high-performance

scientific instruments and analytical and diagnostic solutions that enable our customers to explore life and materials at microscopic, molecular and cellular levels.

Many of our products are used to detect, measure and visualize structural characteristics of chemical, biological and industrial material samples.

Our products and solutions address the rapidly evolving needs of a diverse array of customers in life science research, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, applied markets, cell biology, clinical research, microbiology, in-vitro diagnostics, nanotechnology and materials science research.

Our technology platforms include magnetic resonance technologies, mass spectrometry technologies, gas and liquid chromatography, triple quadrupole mass spectrometry technologies, X-ray technologies, spark-optical emission spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, stylus and optical metrology technology, fluorescence optical microscopy, and infrared and Raman molecular spectroscopy technologies.

diagnostics, nanotechnology and materials science research.

Our technology platforms include magnetic resonance technologies, mass spectrometry technologies, gas and liquid chromatography, triple quadrupole mass spectrometry technologies, X-ray

technologies, spark-optical

emission spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, stylus and optical metrology technology, fluorescence optical microscopy, and infrared and Raman molecular spectroscopy technologies.

Our product portfolio also includes testing solutions used in microbiology and infectious disease diagnostics, including our MALDI Biotyper rapid pathogen identification platform and related test kits, DNA test strips and fluorescence-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology for selected infectious disease applications.

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Business Segments

We have four operating segments, Bruker BioSpin Group, Bruker CALID Group, Bruker Scientific Instruments (BSI) NANO Segment and Bruker Energy & Supercon Technologies (BEST) .

We have three reportable segments , BSI Life Science , BSI NANO , and BEST .

We have four operating segments, Bruker BioSpin Group, Bruker CALID Group, Bruker Scientific Instruments (BSI) Nano Segment

and Bruker Energy

& Supercon Technologies (BEST)

We have three reportable segments , BSI Life Science

For financial reporting purposes, the Bruker BioSpin and Bruker CALID Groups are aggregated into the BSI Life Science reportable segment because they have similar economic characteristics, production processes, service offerings, types and classes of customers, methods of distribution and regulatory environments.

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Bruker BioSpin also manufactures and sells single and multiple modality systems using MRI, PET, SPECT, CT and MPI technologies (each as defined below).

Bruker BioSpin’s products, which have particular application in structural proteomics, drug discovery, pharmaceutical and biotechnology research and production, and the food and materials science fields, provide customers with the ability to determine the structure, dynamics, and function of specific molecules, such as proteins, and to characterize and determine the composition of mixtures.

Bruker BioSpin’s products, which have particular application

in structural proteomics, drug discovery, pharmaceutical and biotechnology research and production, and the food and materials science fields, provide customers with the ability to determine the structure, dynamics, and function of specific molecules, such as proteins, and to characterize and determine the composition of mixtures.

The majority of Bruker BioSpin’s customers are academic and government research facilities.

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and nonprofit laboratories.

During 2020, we successfully established a new class of NMR systems, which we refer to as GHz class systems, as a material part of our business.

We achieved customer acceptance on three 1.2 GHz systems.

We also achieved major technical milestones in the remote monitoring capabilities of our systems, enabling new services like predictive maintenance.

During 2020, we launched a number of new products and technologies, including a GxP solution for the Biopharma industry, solutions for high performance and automated solid-state NMR, and a new affordable high-resolution NMR product line.

During 2021, we further expanded our business with additional GHz class systems, which represent the top end of our product portfolio.

We obtained customer acceptance on four such systems (two 1.2 GHz and two 1.0 GHz).

We also achieved major technical milestones in the automatic diagnosis and calibration capabilities of our systems, enabling new services like predictive maintenance.

During 2021, we also successfully scaled up our benchtop Fourier NMR platform.

With these Fourier NMR systems and solutions we address multiple end markets including teaching, academic research, pharmaceuticals, food and various industrial applications.

Bruker BioSpin Group’s instruments are based on the following technology platforms:

● NMR —Nuclear magnetic resonance;

● EPR —Electron paramagnetic resonance;

● MRI —Magnetic resonance imaging;

● MPI —Magnetic particle imaging;

● PET —Positron emission tomography;

● SPECT —Single photon emission tomography;

● CT —Computed tomography.

NMR is a qualitative and quantitative analytical technique that is used to determine the molecular structure and purity of a sample.

—Nuclear magnetic resonance;

—Electron paramagnetic resonance;

—Magnetic resonance imaging;

—Magnetic particle imaging;

—Positron emission tomography;

—Single photon emission tomography;

—Computed tomography.

is a qualitative and quantitative analytical technique that is used to determine the molecular structure and purity of a sample.

Molecules are placed in a magnetic field and give off a radio frequency signature that is recorded by a sensitive detector.

Analysis software helps to determine the molecular structure of the sample.

The NMR technique is used in academia, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, food and beverage and clinical companies, and by other industrial users in life science and material science research.

EPR is a process of absorption of microwave radiation by paramagnetic ions or molecules with at least one unpaired electron that spins in the presence of a static magnetic field.

The NMR technique is used in academia, by pharmaceutical, biotechnology, food and beverage and clinical companies, and by other industrial users in life science and material science research.

is a process of absorption of microwave radiation by paramagnetic ions or molecules with at least one unpaired electron that spins in the presence of a static magnetic field.

EPR detects unpaired electrons unambiguously, whereas other techniques can only provide indirect evidence of their presence.

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Our EPR instruments are used for a wide range of applications, including advanced materials research, materials analysis and quality control.

MRI is a process of creating an image from the manipulation of hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field.

is a process of creating an image from the manipulation of hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field.

In the presence of an external magnetic field, atoms will align with or against the external magnetic field.

Application of a radio frequency causes the atoms to jump between high and low energy states.

MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or MRS, include many methods including diffusion-weighted, perfusion-weighted, molecular imaging and contrast-enhance.

MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or MRS, include many methods including diffusion-weighted,

perfusion-weighted,

molecular imaging and contrast-enhance.

MRI offers high resolution morphologic information, as well as functional, metabolic or molecular information.

Customers use our MRI systems in pharmaceutical research, including metabolomics, to study a number of diseases, including diabetes, neurology, oncology and cardiovascular disorders.

MPI is a process of creating an image from magnetic particles administered to the body of an animal.

is a process of creating an image from magnetic particles administered to the body of an animal.

The magnetic particles are manipulated in a combination of oscillating magnetic fields exhibiting a field free zone.

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This imaging modality is used to detect cardiovascular disorders.

PET is a process of creating an image from positrons after administration of a positron emitting radionuclide to the body of an animal.

is a process of creating an image from positrons after administration of a positron emitting radionuclide to the body of an animal.

Annihilation of the positron produces two photons which show an angle of 180° between them, distinguishing these photons from photons originating from other sources.

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This has widespread applications, most importantly for oncology, inflammation, neurology and cardiovascular disorders, as well as metabolic disease, drug discovery and bone disease.

SPECT uses a contrast agent containing radionuclides which directly emit single photons.

uses a contrast agent containing radionuclides which directly emit single photons.

The contrast agent enriches in certain parts of the body of an animal and generates images of the radionuclide distribution in the body.

SPECT has widespread application in animal investigations in vivo , most importantly in oncology, neurology and cardiovascular disorders.

CT is a technology based on X-rays which are used to generate a complete 3D data set.

The most important applications are tissue sample analysis or non-invasive in vivo animal imaging.

SPECT has widespread application in animal investigations in vivo

, most importantly in oncology, neurology and cardiovascular disorders.

is a technology based on X-rays

which are used to generate a complete 3D data set.

The most important applications are tissue sample analysis or non-invasive

animal imaging.

CT offers the highest spatial resolution of all preclinical imaging modalities and is especially useful to generate morphological information about the object or animal under investigation.

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Our timsTOF Pro mass spectrometer offers workflow solutions for proteomics research.

Our MALDI Biotyper mass spectrometry solution and test kits, DNA test strips and fluorescence-based PCR technologies are designed for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) use in clinical microbiology markets in certain configurations and certain countries, where regulatory approvals have been achieved.

In addition to culture-based microbial identification with the MALDI Biotyper platform, the Genotype and Fluorotype molecular diagnostics (MDx) kits enable a culture-free detection and analysis of microbes and viruses directly from patient sample with a special focus on tuberculosis, transplant diagnostics and sexually-transmitted diseases.

Molecular Diagnostics utilize Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assays and systems to provide diagnostic solutions for a number of different disease states, including Respiratory, Mycobacteria (including Tuberculosis), Virology, Safety of Immunocompromised patients, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Gastroenteric Diseases as well as other Microbiology tests.

Our MALDI Biotyper mass spectrometry solution and test kits, DNA test strips and fluorescence-based PCR technologies are designed for in-vitro

diagnostic (IVD) use in clinical microbiology markets in certain configurations and certain countries, where regulatory approvals have been achieved.

In addition to culture-based microbial identification with the MALDI Biotyper platform, the Genotype and Fluorotype molecular diagnostics (MDx) kits enable a culture-free detection and analysis of microbes and viruses directly from patient samples with a special focus on tuberculosis, transplant diagnostics and sexually-transmitted diseases.

Virology, Safety of Immunocompromised patients, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Gastroenteric Diseases as well as other Microbiology tests.

Depending on the assay being used, the technology enables users to ascertain basic identification of a certain infection, distinguish infections which can cause similar symptoms and detect specific microbial resistance, all from a single sample.

The GenoType portfolio has been established for over 30 years and has been successful in mycobacteria and tuberculosis detection, differentiation, and identification of antibiotic resistance markers.

The portfolio now includes FluoroType®, using fluorescence-based real-time PCR technology, and more recently we have also developed LiquidArray® assays based on melt curve analysis for optimized asymmetrical PCR technology.

LiquidArray® uses light-on-off probes, providing a powerful technology to identify a broad number of indicators for different infections or resistance markers from a single sample, providing greater depth of information.

The portfolio now includes FluoroType ®

, using fluorescence-based real-time PCR technology, and more recently we have also developed LiquidArray ®

assays based on melt curve analysis for optimized asymmetrical PCR technology.

LiquidArray ®

uses light-on-off

probes, providing a powerful technology to identify a broad number of indicators for different infections or resistance markers from a single sample, providing greater depth of information.

We are applying this approach to a new portfolio of syndromic panels in development.

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The Bruker Optics Division also utilizes Fourier transform and dispersive Raman measurement techniques on an extensive range of laboratory and process spectrometers.

The Bruker Optics Division’s products are complemented by a wide range of sampling accessories and techniques, which include, among others, microanalysis and high-throughput screening to help users find suitable solutions to analyze their samples effectively.

Customers of our Bruker CALID Group include pharmaceutical, biotechnology and diagnostics companies, contract research organizations, academic institutions, medical schools, nonprofit or for-profit forensic laboratories, agriculture, food and beverage safety, environmental and clinical microbiology laboratories, hospitals and government departments and agencies.

During 2020, we launched a number of new mass spectrometry-based solutions and additional workflows, including the MALDI-2 post-ionization source available as an option on the timsTOF fleX ESI/MALDI mass spectrometer.

The Bruker Optics Division’s products are complemented by a wide range of sampling accessories and techniques, which include, among others, microanalysis and high-throughput

screening to help users find suitable solutions to analyze their samples effectively.

Customers of our Bruker CALID Group include pharmaceutical, biotechnology and diagnostics companies, contract research organizations, academic institutions, medical schools, nonprofit or for-profit

forensic laboratories, agriculture, food and beverage safety, environmental and clinical microbiology laboratories, hospitals and government departments and agencies.

During 2021, we launched a number of new mass spectrometry-based solutions and additional workflows, including the timsTOF SCP (Single Cell Proteomics) mass spectrometer enabling researchers to analyze proteins within a single cell.

In our microbiology and molecular diagnostics markets, we introduced the MALDI Biotyper Sirius broadly into the market.

In our molecular diagnostics portfolio we launched two assays in the field of respiratory disease testing, primarily covering SARS-CoV 2 testing for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.

The Fluorotyper-SARS-CoV 2 plus kit allows for a real-time PCR detection of the SARS-CoV 2 virus.

In our molecular diagnostics portfolio we launched two assays in the field of respiratory disease testing, primarily covering SARS-CoV

2 testing for the diagnosis of COVID-19

The Fluorotyper-SARS-CoV

2 plus kit allows for a real-time PCR detection of the SARS-CoV

It detects two viral genes in parallel as a mechanism for high sensitivity.

The additional FluoroType® SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV assay is a multiplex real-time PCR kit that detects four viruses of clinical significance causing respiratory disease during the winter season:

SARS-CoV 2, influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

The additional FluoroType ®

SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV

assay is a multiplex real-time PCR kit that detects four viruses of clinical significance causing respiratory disease during the winter season:

2, influenza A, influenza B and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

During 2020, the Bruker Optics division launched LUMOS II, a fully automated stand-alone FTIR imaging microscope.

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The Bruker CALID Group’s instruments are based on the following technology platforms:

● MALDI-TOF —Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, including tandem time-of-flight systems (MALDI-TOF/TOF);

● ESI-TOF —Electrospray ionization time-of-flight spectrometry, including tandem mass spectrometry systems based on ESI-quadrupole-TOF mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-q-TOF);

● MRMS —Magnetic resonance mass spectrometry, including hybrid systems with a quadrupole front end (Q-q-MRMS);

● ITMS —Ion trap mass spectrometry;

● GC-MS —Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry systems utilizing triple-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry;

● LC-MS —Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry systems utilizing triple-quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry;

● FT-IR —Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy;

● NIR —Near-infrared spectroscopy;

● Raman —Raman spectroscopy.

MALDI-TOF mass spectrometers utilize an ionization process to analyze solid samples using a laser that combines high sample throughput with high mass range and sensitivity.

Our MALDI-TOF mass spectrometers are particularly useful for applications in clinical diagnostics, environmental and taxonomical research and food processing and quality control.

—Matrix-assisted

laser desorption ionization time-of-flight

mass spectrometry, including tandem time-of-flight

systems (MALDI-TOF);

—Electrospray ionization time-of-flight

spectrometry, including trapped ion mobility (TIMS) based on ESI-quadrupole-TOF

mass spectrometry (timsTOF);

—Magnetic resonance mass spectrometry, including hybrid systems with a quadrupole front end (Q-q-MRMS);

—Ion trap mass spectrometry;

—Gas chromatography-mass

spectrometry systems utilizing triple-quadrupole

time-of-flight

mass spectrometry;

—Liquid chromatography-mass

spectrometry systems utilizing triple-quadrupole

flight mass spectrometry;

—Fourier transform-infrared

spectroscopy;

—Near-infrared

spectroscopy;

—Raman spectroscopy.

mass spectrometers utilize an ionization process to analyze solid samples using a laser that combines high sample throughput with high mass range and sensitivity.

Our MALDI-TOF

mass spectrometers are particularly useful for applications in clinical diagnostics, environmental and taxonomical research and food processing and quality control.

Specific applications include:

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peptide de novo sequencing;

determination of post-translational modifications of proteins;

determination of post-translational

modifications of proteins;

interaction proteomics and protein function analysis;

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Our MALDI Biotyper solution, which serves the clinical microbiology market, enables identification, taxonomical classification or dereplication of microorganisms like bacteria, yeasts and fungi.

ESI-TOF mass spectrometers utilize an electrospray ionization process to analyze liquid samples.

mass spectrometers utilize an electrospray ionization process to analyze liquid samples.

This ionization process, which does not dissociate the molecules, allows for rapid data acquisition and analysis of large biological molecules.

ESI-TOF mass spectrometers are particularly useful for:

mass spectrometers are particularly useful for:

identification, protein analysis and functional complex analysis in proteomics and protein function;

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combinatorial chemistry high throughput screening;

and fast liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, or liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), in drug discovery and development.

MRMS systems utilize high-field superconducting magnets to offer the highest resolution, selectivity, and mass accuracy currently achievable in mass spectrometry.

Our systems based on this technology often eliminate the need for time-consuming separation techniques in complex mixture analyses.

and fast liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, or liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS),

in drug discovery and development.

systems utilize high-field

superconducting magnets to offer the highest resolution, selectivity, and mass accuracy currently achievable in mass spectrometry.

Our systems based on this technology often eliminate the need for time-consuming

separation techniques in complex mixture analyses.

In addition, our systems can fragment molecular ions to perform exact mass analysis on all fragments to determine molecular structure.

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complex mixture analysis including body fluids or combinatorial libraries;

high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics;

and top-down proteomics of intact proteins without the need for enzymatic digestion of the proteins prior to analysis.

We offer next-generation hybrid MRMS systems that combine a traditional external quadrupole mass selector and hexapole collision cell with a high-performance MRMS for further ion dissociation, top-down proteomics tools and ultra-high resolution detection.

ITMS systems collect all ions simultaneously, which improves sensitivity relative to previous quadrupole mass spectrometers.

high-throughput

proteomics and metabolomics;

proteomics of intact proteins without the need for enzymatic digestion of the proteins prior to analysis.

We offer next-generation

hybrid MRMS systems that combine a traditional external quadrupole mass selector and hexapole collision cell with a high-performance

MRMS for further ion dissociation, top-down

proteomics tools and ultra-high

resolution detection.

systems collect all ions simultaneously, which improves sensitivity relative to previous quadrupole mass spectrometers.

Ion trap mass spectrometers are particularly useful for sequencing and identification based on peptide structural analysis, quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, identification of combinatorial libraries and generally enhancing the speed and efficiency of the drug discovery and development process.

GC-MS systems combine the features of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample.

The two components, used together, allow for a finer degree of substance identification than either system when used separately.

systems combine the features of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample.

The two components, used together, allow for a finer degree of substance

identification than either system when used separately.

The result is a quantitative analysis of the components and the mass spectrum of each component.

Our GC-MS systems are available in triple quadrupole configurations and can be configured with a variety of options to suit a range of applications.

Our GC-MS systems have applications in food and product safety, forensics, clinical and toxicology testing and environmental, pharmaceutical and chemical analysis.

LC-MS systems combine the separation features of liquid chromatography with the molecular identification features of mass spectrometry to separate, identify and quantify different substances within a test sample.

As a complementary technique to GC-MS, which analyzes volatile compounds, LC-MS can be used to analyze a wide range of non-volatile compounds in complex samples.

Our LC-MS systems are available in a wide range of configurations to suit a user’s specific needs.

Although primarily used for life science applications, our LC-MS systems also have applications in food and product safety, forensics and clinical and toxicology testing, as well as environmental, pharmaceutical and chemical analysis.

FT-IR spectrometers utilize the mid- and far-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Our FT-IR systems are commonly used for various quality control and materials research applications.

NIR spectrometers utilize the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

systems are available in triple quadrupole configurations and can be configured with a variety of options to suit a range of applications.

systems have applications in food and product safety, forensics, clinical and toxicology testing and environmental, pharmaceutical and chemical analysis.

systems combine the separation features of liquid chromatography with the molecular identification features of mass spectrometry to separate, identify and quantify different substances within a test sample.

As a complementary technique to GC-MS,

which analyzes volatile compounds, LC-MS

can be used to analyze a wide range of non-volatile

compounds in complex samples.

systems are available in a wide range of configurations to suit a user’s specific needs.

Although primarily used for life science applications, our LC-MS

systems also have applications in food and product safety, forensics and clinical and toxicology testing, as well as environmental, pharmaceutical and chemical analysis.

spectrometers utilize the mid-

and far-infrared

regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

systems are commonly used for various quality control and materials research applications.

spectrometers utilize the near-infrared

region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Our NIR instruments are primarily used for quality and process control applications in the pharmaceutical, food and agriculture and chemical industries.

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The food and agricultural industry is the second largest user of NIR instrumentation, with an increasing demand for food, feed and beverage quality control.

Raman spectroscopy provides information on molecular structure.

spectroscopy provides information on molecular structure.

The mechanism of Raman scattering is different from that of infrared absorption, in that Raman and IR spectra provide complementary information.

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Additionally, the Bruker Detection product line offers a wide range of portable analytical and bioanalytical detection systems and related products for CBRNE detection.

Our customers use these devices for nuclear, biological agent and chemical agent defense applications, anti-terrorism, law enforcement and process and facilities monitoring.

Our CBRNE detection products use many of the same technology platforms as our life science products, as well as additional technologies, including infrared stand-off detection and ion mobility spectrometry, for handheld chemical detectors.

Our customers use these devices for nuclear, biological agent and chemical agent defense applications, anti-terrorism,

law enforcement and process and facilities monitoring.

Our CBRNE detection products use many of the same technology platforms as our life science products, as well as additional technologies, including infrared stand-off

detection and ion mobility spectrometry, for handheld chemical detectors.

We also provide integrated, comprehensive detection suites that include our multiple detection systems, consumables, training and simulators.

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The BSI Nano Segment comprises the Bruker AXS, Bruker Nano Analytics, Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology, Fluorescence Microscopy and Canopy Divisions.

The Bruker AXS Division designs, manufactures and distributes advanced X-ray instruments that use electromagnetic radiation with extremely short wavelengths to determine the characteristics of matter and the three-dimensional structure of molecules.

This includes a product portfolio of instruments based on X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray micro computed tomography (µCT), or X-ray microscopy, as well as spark optical emission spectroscopy systems (S-OES) used to analyze the concentration of elements in metallic samples.

The Bruker Nano Analytics Division manufactures and markets analytical tools for electron microscopes, including energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometers (EDS), electron backscatter diffraction systems (EBSD) and µCT accessories, as well as mobile and bench top micro X-ray fluorescence (µXRF), total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (TXRF) and handheld, portable and mobile X-ray fluorescence (HMP-XRF) spectrometry instruments.

The Bruker AXS Division designs, manufactures and distributes advanced X-ray

instruments that use electromagnetic radiation with extremely short wavelengths to determine the characteristics of matter and the three-dimensional structure of molecules.

This includes a product portfolio of instruments based on X-ray

fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray

diffraction (XRD) and X-ray

micro computed tomography (µCT), or X-ray

microscopy, as well as spark optical emission spectroscopy systems (S-OES)

used to analyze the concentration of elements in metallic samples.

The Bruker Nano Analytics Division manufactures and markets analytical tools for electron microscopes, including energy-dispersive

spectrometers (EDS), electron backscatter diffraction systems (EBSD) and µCT accessories, as well as mobile and bench top micro X-ray

fluorescence (µXRF), total reflection X-ray

fluorescence spectrometers (TXRF) and handheld, portable and mobile X-ray

fluorescence (HMP-XRF)

spectrometry instruments.

The Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology Division’s products include atomic force microscopy instrumentation (AFM).

Such instruments provide atomic or near atomic resolution of surface topography and nanoscale, mechanical, electrical and chemical information using nano scale probes.

The Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology Division also provides non-contact nanometer resolution solution topography through white light interferometry and stylus profilometry.

In addition, the division manufacturers and markets automated X-ray metrology, automated AFM defect-detection and photomask repair and cleaning equipment for semiconductor process control.

The Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology Division also provides non-contact

nanometer resolution solution topography through white light interferometry and stylus profilometry.

In addition, the division manufacturers and markets automated X-ray

metrology, automated AFM defect-detection and photomask repair and cleaning equipment for semiconductor process control.

The Fluorescence Microscopy Division provides advanced optical fluorescence microscopy instruments with multi-photon, multipoint scanning confocal 3D super-resolution, light-sheet modalities for studies in life science applications.

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Customers of our BSI Nano Segment include academic institutions, governmental customers, nanotechnology companies, semiconductor companies, raw material manufacturers, industrial companies, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies and other businesses involved in materials analysis.

During 2020, we launched several new products for the life science research market, including Vutura VXL, S2 PUMA II and Contour SP.

We acquired Canopy Biosciences LLC, a manufacturer of high multiplex biomarker imaging tools for immunology, immune-oncology, cell therapy and targeted proteomics research.

During 2021, we launched several new products including

IconIR, nanoIR, NanoWizard V BioAFM, InSight CAP-HP

automated AFM, Sirius XRD -X-Ray

CD metrology, Sirius RF, WC-2200

Wafer Clean, Q4 POLO elemental analysis and multiphoton 3P .

We acquired Scientific Computing International (SCI), which was a leading innovator and provider of advanced metrology systems and analysis software to major companies in the semiconductor, optoelectronics, data storage, display, MEMS, and optical coating industries.

And we also acquired SVXR, Inc.

which engages in researching, developing, designing, engineering, and manufacturing automated x-ray

inspection technology and providing analysis toolkits, bringing high speed inspection and metrology technology to the semiconductor packaging industry with its revolutionary HR-AXI

The BSI Nano Segment systems are based on the following technology platforms:

● XRD —Polycrystalline X-ray diffraction, often referred to as X-ray diffraction;

● XRF —X-ray fluorescence, also called X-ray spectrometry, including handheld XRF systems;

● SC-XRD— Single crystal X-ray diffraction, often referred to as X-ray crystallography;

● µCT— X-ray micro computed tomography, X-ray microscopy;

● EDS— Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy on electron microscopes;

● EBSD— Electron backscatter diffraction on electron microscopes;

● S-OES— Spark optical emission spectroscopy;

● CS/ONH— Combustion analysis for carbon, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in solids;

● AFM —Atomic force microscopy;

● FM —Fluorescence microscopy;

● SOM —Stylus and optical metrology;

● TMT —Tribology and mechanical test systems for analysis of friction and wear;

● NanoIR —Nanoscale infrared spectroscopy;

● Alicona —Focus variation optical technology for non-contact dimensional metrology;

● Canopy – Multiplexed fluorescence-based single cell imaging for suspended cells and tissues as well as multi-omics sample characterization.

XRD systems investigate polycrystalline samples or thin films with single wavelength X-rays.

The atoms in the polycrystalline sample scatter the X-rays to create a unique diffraction pattern recorded by a detector.

—Polycrystalline X-ray

diffraction, often referred to as X-ray

fluorescence, also called X-ray

spectrometry, including handheld XRF systems;

Single crystal X-ray

diffraction, often referred to as X-ray

crystallography;

micro computed tomography, X-ray

Energy dispersive X-ray

spectroscopy on electron microscopes;

Electron backscatter diffraction on electron microscopes;

Spark optical emission spectroscopy;

Combustion analysis for carbon, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen in solids;

—Atomic force microscopy;

—Fluorescence microscopy;

—Stylus and optical metrology;

—Tribology and mechanical test systems for analysis of friction and wear;

—Nanoscale infrared spectroscopy;

—Focus variation optical technology for non-contact

dimensional metrology;

—Multiplexed fluorescence-based single cell imaging for suspended cells and tissues as well as multi-omics sample characterization.

systems investigate polycrystalline samples or thin films with single wavelength X-rays.

The atoms in the polycrystalline sample scatter the X-rays

to create a unique diffraction pattern recorded by a detector.

Computer software processes the pattern and produces a variety of information, including stress, texture, qualitative and quantitative phase composition, crystallite size, percent crystallinity and layer thickness, composition, defects and density of thin films and semiconductor material.

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Customers also use our XRD systems in academic and government research, as well as in a variety of other fields, including forensics, art and archaeology.

XRF systems determine the elemental composition of a material and provide a full qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Our XRF systems direct X-rays at a sample, and the atoms in the sample absorb the X-ray energy.

The elements in the sample then emit X-rays that are characteristic for each element.

The system collects the X-rays, and the software analyzes the resulting data to determine the elements that are present.

Our XRF products provide automated solutions on a turn-key basis for industrial users that require automated, controlled production processes that reduce product and process cost, increase output and improve product quality.

systems determine the elemental composition of a material and provide a full qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Our XRF systems direct X-rays

at a sample, and the atoms in the sample absorb the X-ray

The elements in the sample then emit X-rays

that are characteristic for each element.

The system collects the X-rays,

and the software analyzes the resulting data to determine the elements that are present.

Our XRF products provide automated solutions on a turn-key

basis for industrial users that require automated, controlled production processes that reduce product and process cost, increase output and improve product quality.

Our XRF products cover substantially all of the periodic table and can analyze solid, powder or liquid samples.

SC-XRD systems determine the three-dimensional structures of molecules in a chemical, mineral, or biological substance being analyzed.

SC-XRD systems have the capability to determine structure in both small chemical molecules and larger biomolecules.

SC-XRD systems direct an X-ray beam at a solid, single crystal sample.

The atoms in the crystal sample scatter the X-rays to create a precise diffraction pattern recorded by an electronic detector.

systems determine the three-dimensional

structures of molecules in a chemical, mineral, or biological substance being analyzed.

systems have the capability to determine structure in both small chemical molecules and larger biomolecules.

systems direct an X-ray

beam at a solid, single crystal sample.

The atoms in the crystal sample scatter the X-rays

to create a precise diffraction pattern recorded by an electronic detector.

Software then reconstructs a model of the structure and provides the unique arrangement of the atoms in the sample.

This information on the exact arrangement of atoms in the sample is a critical part of molecular analysis and can provide insight into a variety of areas, including how a protein functions or interacts with a second molecule.

Our SC-XRD systems are designed for use in the life sciences industry, academic research and a variety of other applications.

µCT is X-ray imaging in 3D, by the same method used in hospital CT scans, but on a small scale with massively increased resolution.

3D microscopy allows users to image the internal structure of objects non-destructively on a very fine scale.

Bruker µCT is available in a range of easy-to-use desktop instruments, which generate 3D images of the sample’s morphology and internal microstructure with resolution down to the sub-micron level.

systems are designed for use in the life sciences industry, academic research and a variety of other applications.

imaging in 3D, by the same method used in hospital CT scans, but on a small scale with massively increased resolution.

3D microscopy allows users to image the internal structure of objects non-destructively

on a very fine scale.

Bruker µCT is available in a range of easy-to-use

desktop instruments, which generate 3D images of the sample’s morphology and internal microstructure with resolution down to the sub-micron

Our µCT systems are used for numerous applications in materials research and in the life sciences industry.

EDS systems analyze the chemical composition of materials under investigation in electron microscopes by utilizing the fact that atoms of different chemical elements, when exposed to the high energy electron beam generated by the microscope, irradiate X-rays of different characteristic energy.

systems analyze the chemical composition of materials under investigation in electron microscopes by utilizing the fact that atoms of different chemical elements, when exposed to the high energy electron beam generated by the microscope, irradiate X-rays

of different characteristic energy.

The evaluation of the energy spectrum collected by our spectrometer allows the determination of the qualitative and quantitative chemical sample composition at the current beam position.

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Customers for EDS systems include industrial customers, academia and government research facilities.

EBSD systems are used to perform quantitative microstructure analysis of crystalline samples in electron microscopes.

systems are used to perform quantitative microstructure analysis of crystalline samples in electron microscopes.

The microscope’s electron beam strikes the tilted sample and diffracted electrons form a pattern on a fluorescent screen.

This pattern is characteristic of the crystal structure and orientation of the sample region from which it was generated.

It provides the absolute crystal orientation with sub-micron resolution.

EBSD can be used to characterize materials with regard to crystal orientation, texture, stress, strain and grain size.

It provides the absolute crystal orientation with sub-micron

be used to characterize materials with regard to crystal orientation, texture, stress, strain and grain size.

EBSD also allows the identification of crystalline phases and their distribution and is applied to many industries such as metals processing, aerospace, automotive, microelectronics and earth sciences.

S-OES instruments are used for analyzing metals.

S-OES covers a broad range of applications for metals analysis from pure metals trace analysis to high alloyed grades and allows for analysis of a complete range of relevant elements simultaneously.

S-OES instruments pass an electric spark onto a sample, which burns the surface of the sample and causes atoms to jump to a higher orbit.

instruments are used for analyzing metals.

covers a broad range of applications for metals analysis from pure metals trace analysis to high alloyed grades and allows for analysis of a complete range of relevant elements simultaneously.

instruments pass an electric spark onto a sample, which burns the surface of the sample and causes atoms to jump to a higher orbit.

Our detectors quantify the light emitted by these atoms and help our customers to determine the elemental composition of the material.

This technique is widely used in production control laboratories of foundries and steel mills.

CS/ONH carrier gas systems incorporate a furnace and infrared or thermal conductivity detection to analyze inorganic materials for the determination of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen.

carrier gas systems incorporate a furnace and infrared or thermal conductivity detection to analyze inorganic materials for the determination of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen.

Combustion and inert gas fusion analyzers are used for applications in metal production and processing, chemicals, ceramics and cement, coal processing, oil refining and semiconductors.

AFM systems provide atomic or near-atomic resolution of material surface topography using a nano-scale probe that is brought into light contact with the sample being investigated.

In addition to presenting a surface image, AFM can also provide quantitative nano-scale measurements of feature sizes, material properties, electrical information, chemical properties and other sample characteristics.

systems provide atomic or near-atomic

resolution of material surface topography using a nano-scale

probe that is brought into light contact with the sample being investigated.

In addition to presenting a surface image, AFM can also provide quantitative nano-scale

measurements of feature sizes, material properties, electrical information, chemical properties and other sample characteristics.

Our AFM systems are used for applications in academic and governmental materials and biological research and semiconductor, data storage hard drive, LED, battery, solar cells, polymers, and pharmaceutical product development and manufacturing.

FM products use fluorescence microscopy to determine the structure and composition of life science samples.

Our products include two-photon microscopes, multipoint scanning confocal microscopes, super-resolution microscopes, light-sheet microscopes, laser illumination sources, photoactivation, photostimulation and photoablation accessories and synchronization and analysis software.

Two-photon microscopes allow imaging deep into tissues and cells and are used widely in neuroscience.

products use fluorescence microscopy to determine the structure and composition of life science samples.

Our products include two-photon

microscopes, multipoint scanning confocal microscopes, super-resolution microscopes, light-sheet microscopes, laser illumination sources, photoactivation, photostimulation and photoablation accessories and synchronization and analysis software.

microscopes allow imaging deep into tissues and cells and are used widely in neuroscience.

Multipoint scanning confocal systems allow live cell imaging with rapid acquisition of images for structural and composition analysis.

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Light-sheet based products allow fast 3D volume imaging with very low phototoxicity and photo-damage effects enabling live cell and large volume imaging.

SOM systems provide atomic or near-atomic two dimensional and three-dimensional surface resolution using white light interferometry, confocal optical and stylus profilometry methods.

SOM profilers range from low-cost manual tools for single measurements to advanced, highly automated systems for production line quality assurance and quality control applications where the combination of throughput, repeatability and reproducibility is essential.

systems provide atomic or near-atomic

two dimensional and three-dimensional surface resolution using white light interferometry, confocal optical and stylus profilometry methods.

SOM profilers range from low-cost

manual tools for single measurements to advanced, highly automated systems for production line quality assurance and quality control applications where the combination of throughput, repeatability and reproducibility is essential.

SOM profilers support a range of applications in research, product development, tribology, quality control and failure analysis related to materials and machining in the automotive, orthopedic, ophthalmic, high brightness LED, semiconductor, data storage, optics and other markets.

TMT systems provide a platform for all types of common mechanical, friction, durability, scratch and indentation tests for a wide spectrum of materials.

systems provide a platform for all types of common mechanical, friction, durability, scratch and indentation tests for a wide spectrum of materials.

Tribology systems are utilized for both academic research of the fundamental material properties and industrial applications in the semiconductor, aerospace, petroleum, automotive and other industries.

NanoIR systems perform infrared (IR) spectroscopy at the nanoscale.

Our systems use nanoprobe technology similar to what is used in our atomic force microscopes to deliver quantitative chemical information from the nanoscale to the sub-micron and macro scales.

systems perform infrared (IR) spectroscopy at the nanoscale.

Our systems use nanoprobe technology similar to what is used in our atomic force microscopes to deliver quantitative chemical information from the nanoscale to the sub-micron

and macro scales.

The NanoIR measurement gives the user varying physical and chemical properties with nanoscale spatial resolution in a diverse range of fields, including polymers, 2D materials, materials science, life science and the micro-electronics industry.

Our systems allow nanoscale IR absorption spectroscopy with interpretable IR spectra that directly correlates to FTIR as well as the complementary technique of nanoscale s-SNOM.

Our systems allow nanoscale IR absorption spectroscopy with interpretable IR spectra that directly correlates to FTIR as well as the

complementary technique of nanoscale s-SNOM.

With our broadband sources, these systems allow broadband scientific spectroscopy.

Alicona systems combine the functionalities of a micro coordinate measurement machine (CMM) with those of a surface measurement system.

systems combine the functionalities of a micro coordinate measurement machine (CMM) with those of a surface measurement system.

These dimensional metrology systems are based on the pioneering development of optical Focus-Variation measurement algorithms and provide the noncontact measurement of form and roughness of complex, miniaturized geometries.

These systems serve many quality assurance application areas requiring precision measurement and dimensional metrology, including aerospace, automotive, precision medical products, additive manufacturing, and micro precision manufacturing.

Canopy provides digital spatial profiling services and instruments which include both our ChipCytometry profiling instrument and ChipCytometry (single cell and spatial targeted proteomics) and other services.

provides digital spatial profiling services and instruments which include both our ChipCytometry profiling instrument and ChipCytometry (single cell and spatial targeted proteomics) and other services.

These technologies, along with Canopy’s more basic IHC and FISH services, allow researchers to elucidate gene and protein expression in a spatial context, which is useful for deep biological insight into gene expression and for the development of biomarkers.

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Additionally, BEST develops, manufactures and markets sophisticated devices and complex tools based primarily on metallic low temperature superconductors that have applications in “big science” research, including radio frequency accelerator cavities and modules, power couplers and linear accelerators.

BEST also manufactures and sells non-superconducting high technology tools, such as synchrotron and beamline instrumentation, principally to customers engaged in materials research and “big science” research projects.

BEST also manufactures and sells non-superconducting

high technology tools, such as synchrotron and beamline instrumentation, principally to customers engaged in materials research and “big science” research projects.

Sales and Marketing

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The sales cycle for our products is dependent on the size and complexity of the system and budgeting cycles of our customers.

Our sales cycle is typically three to twenty-four months for academic and high-end research products and two weeks to six months for industrial products.

The sales cycle of our low temperature superconducting materials is typically four to twelve months, with cycles of certain high-end materials exceeding one year.

Sales of our high-end NMR and superconducting devices typically take more than one year and certain large, complex contracts can take more than two years to complete.

We have well-equipped applications and demonstration facilities and qualified application personnel who assist customers and provide product demonstrations in specific application areas.

Our sales cycle is typically three to twenty-four months

for academic and high-end

research products and two weeks to six months for industrial products.

The sales cycle of our low temperature superconducting materials is typically four to twelve months, with cycles of certain high-end

materials exceeding one year.

Sales of our high-end

NMR and superconducting devices typically take more than one year and certain large, complex contracts can take more than two years to complete.

We have well-equipped

applications and demonstration facilities and qualified application personnel who assist customers and provide product demonstrations in specific application areas.

We maintain our primary demonstration facilities at our production facilities, as well as in other key market locations.

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In addition, other companies may choose to enter our fields in the future.

We believe that the principal competitive factors in our markets are technology-based applications expertise, product specifications, functionality, reliability, marketing expertise, distribution capability, proprietary patent portfolios and cost effectiveness.

We believe that the principal competitive factors in our markets are technology-based

applications expertise, product specifications, functionality, reliability, marketing expertise, distribution capability, proprietary patent portfolios and cost effectiveness.

BSI Life Science Segment Competition

The Bruker BioSpin Group competes with companies that offer magnetic resonance spectrometers, mainly JEOL and Oxford Instruments.

In the field of preclinical imaging, Bruker BioSpin competes with Perkin Elmer, Mediso, Trifoil, MR Solutions and others.

In the field of preclinical imaging, Bruker BioSpin competes with PerkinElmer Inc., Mediso, Trifoil, MR Solutions and others.

The Bruker CALID Group competes with a variety of companies that offer mass spectrometry-based systems.

Bruker CALID’s competitors in the life science markets and chemical and applied markets include Danaher, Agilent, GE-Healthcare, Waters, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Shimadzu, Hitachi and JEOL.

Bruker CALID’s competitors in the life science markets and chemical and applied markets include Danaher, Agilent, GE-Healthcare,

Waters, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Shimadzu, Hitachi and JEOL.

In the microbiology market, Bruker CALID competes with Biomerieux.

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BSI Nano Segment Competition

The BSI NANO Segment competes with companies that offer analytical X-ray solutions, OES systems, AFM and SOM systems and optical fluorescence systems, primarily Rigaku, Oxford Instruments, Agilent, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ametek’s Spectro and Edax divisions, PANalytical, Park Systems, Olympus, Nikon, Zeiss and Danaher’s Leica business.

The BSI Nano Segment competes with companies that offer analytical X-ray

solutions, OES systems, AFM and SOM systems and optical fluorescence systems, primarily Rigaku, Oxford Instruments, Agilent, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ametek’s Spectro and Edax divisions, PANalytical, Park Systems, Olympus, Nikon, Zeiss and Danaher’s Leica business.

BEST Segment Competition

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in low temperature superconducting materials.

BEST further competes with Zanon, Mitsubishi Electric and AES in the development and supply of accelerator cavities, with Thales, Toshiba and CPI International in the development and supply of radio frequency couplers, with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in the development and supply of superconducting accelerator modules and with AES and Thales for electron linear accelerators.

BEST further competes with Zanon, Mitsubishi Electric and AES

in the development and supply of accelerator cavities, with Thales, Toshiba and CPI International in the development and supply of radio frequency couplers, with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in the development and supply of superconducting accelerator modules and with AES and Thales for electron linear accelerators.

Manufacturing and Supplies

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and Faellanden, Switzerland.

We manufacture and test our mass spectrometry products, including CBRNE detection products, at our facilities in Bremen, Germany.

We manufacture and test our mass spectrometry products at our facilities in Bremen, Germany.

We principally manufacture and test our molecular spectroscopy products, including CBRNE detection products, at our facilities in Ettlingen, Germany.

We manufacture and test our X-ray, OES and AFM products at our facilities in Penang, Malaysia;

We manufacture and test our X-ray,

OES and AFM products at our facilities in Penang, Malaysia;

Karlsruhe, Germany;

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Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A.;

Kennewick, Washington, U.S.A.;

and Migdal Ha’Emek, Israel.

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Our other facilities primarily perform high-level assembly, system integration and final testing.

We typically manufacture critical components in-house to ensure key competence and outsource to third party manufacturers non-critical components.

We typically manufacture critical components in-house

to ensure key competence and outsource to third party manufacturers non-critical

We purchase materials and components from various suppliers that are either standard products or built to our specifications.

We obtain some of the components included in our products from a limited group of suppliers or from a single-source supplier for items such as charge coupled device area detectors, X-ray tubes, robotics, infrared optics and others.

BEST has an ongoing collaboration and a joint technology development agreement with Allegheny Technologies Incorporated to advance state-of-the-art niobium-based superconductors, including those used in MRI magnets for the medical industry, and preclinical MRI magnets used in the life-science tools industry.

We obtain some of the components included in our products from a limited group of suppliers or from a single-source supplier for items such as charge coupled device area detectors, X-ray

tubes, robotics, infrared optics and others.

BEST has an ongoing collaboration and a joint technology development agreement with Allegheny Technologies Incorporated to advance state-of-the-art

niobium-based superconductors, including those used in MRI magnets for the medical industry, and preclinical MRI magnets used in the life-science tools industry.

Research and Development

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Our research and development efforts are conducted for the relevant products within each of the operating segments, as well as in collaboration with others on areas such as microfluidics, automation and workflow management software.

We have been the recipient of government grants from Germany and the United States for various projects related to early-stage research and development.

We have generally retained, at a minimum, non-exclusive rights to any items or enhancements we develop under these grants.

We have been the recipient of government grants from Germany and the United States for various projects related to early-stage

research and development.

We have generally retained, at a minimum, non-exclusive

rights to any items or enhancements we develop under these grants.

The German government requires that we use and market technology developed under grants in order to retain our rights to the technology.

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The Bruker BioSpin Group maintains technical competencies in core magnetic resonance technologies and single- and multimodal imaging technologies and capabilities, including NMR, EPR, MRI, MPI, PET and CT.

The most recent technological innovations included Bruker’s GHz-class ultra-high field NMR product line, enabling novel research in functional structural biology of proteins and protein complexes.

In 2020, we delivered and successfully installed our first NMR systems at the 1.2 GHz magnetic strength, the Avance TM NEO 1.2 GHz NMR.

In addition to ultra-high field NMR, we are also developing preclinical MRI magnets of up to 18 Tesla.

We have developed and introduced various new NMR probes, including low temperature magic angle spinning (MAS) probes for the analysis of complex biomolecules and materials, as well as new CP/MAS CryoProbes for material science research.

Bruker is incorporating artificial intelligence Deep Learning capabilities into its NMR software to improve signal detection and we are adding advanced software tools for automated workflows and 3D conformational and configurational analysis.

We have incorporated remote monitoring tools of labs and systems to increase system protection and support our customers with expert supervision.

We recently introduced our next-generation, high-performance 80 MHz FT-NMR benchtop spectrometer with new capabilities for organic and medicinal chemistry research, teaching and synthesis verification.

The most recent technological innovations included Bruker’s ultra-high-field class in the NMR and MRI product line and the benchtop Fourier NMR platform.

In 2021, we achieved major technical milestones in automatic diagnosis and calibration capabilities of our systems, enabling new services like predictive maintenance.

The Bruker CALID Group maintains technical competencies in core mass spectrometry technologies and capabilities, including:

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Recent projects include the innovative timsTOF mass spectrometer for separation and analysis of unresolved compounds and conformations.

The Bruker CALID Group also maintains technical competencies in core vibrational spectroscopy technologies and capabilities, including FT-IR, NIR and Raman.

The Bruker CALID Group also maintains technical competencies in core vibrational spectroscopy technologies and capabilities, including FT-IR,

NIR and Raman.

BSI Nano Segment Research and Development

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Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.

The BSI NANO Segment maintains technical competencies in core X-ray technologies and capabilities, including detectors used to sense X-ray and X-ray diffraction patterns, X-ray sources and optics that generate and focus the X-rays, robotics and sample handling equipment that holds and manipulates the experimental material, and software that generates the structural data.

Recent projects include fluorescence microscopy with simultaneous, all-optical stimulation and imaging platforms for optogenetics neuroscience research and light sheet cell microscopy systems, which enable brain research and high-resolution live cell research.

The BSI NANO Segment also has competencies in AFM technology, which involve sub-angstrom level position and motion control, as well as sub-pico newton force control.

The BSI NANO Segment technologies also include 3D optical inference-based microscopy, stylus profilometry, tribology testing, nano-indentation, optical fluorescence two-photon microscopy, multipoint scanning microscopy, high-speed, 3D super-resolution florescence microscopy and spatial biology and single-cell targeted proteomics technologies.

Recent innovations include elemental analyzer systems for advanced applications and research and simultaneous, all-optical stimulation and imaging platforms for neuroscience applications.

The BSI Nano Segment maintains technical competencies in core X-ray

technologies and capabilities, including detectors used to sense X-ray

diffraction patterns, X-ray

sources and optics that generate and focus the X-rays,

robotics and sample handling equipment that holds and manipulates the experimental material, and software that generates the structural data.

Recent projects include fluorescence microscopy with simultaneous, all-optical

stimulation and imaging platforms for optogenetics neuroscience research and light sheet cell microscopy systems, which enable brain research and high-resolution live cell research.

The BSI Nano Segment also has competencies in AFM technology, which involve sub-angstrom

level position and motion control, as well as sub-pico

newton force control.

The BSI Nano Segment technologies also include 3D optical inference-based microscopy, stylus profilometry, tribology testing, nano-indentation, optical fluorescence two-photon

microscopy, multipoint scanning microscopy, high-speed, 3D super-resolution florescence microscopy and spatial biology and single-cell targeted proteomics technologies.

Recent innovations include elemental analyzer systems for advanced applications and research and simultaneous, all-optical

stimulation and imaging platforms for neuroscience applications.

BEST Segment Research and Development

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BEST maintains technical competencies in the production and development of low and high temperature superconducting materials and devices.

BEST and CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland) have an ongoing research and development agreement to advance the state of art with niobium-tin based superconductors used in particle accelerators and other large scale scientific magnets systems.

Intellectual Property

Our intellectual property consists of patents, copyrights, trade secrets, know-how, and trademarks.

Our intellectual property consists of patents, copyrights, trade secrets, know-how,

and trademarks.

Protection of our intellectual property is a strategic priority for our businesses because of the length of time and expense associated with bringing new products through the development process and to the marketplace.

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In addition, we are aware of the existence from time to time of patents in certain countries, which, if valid, could impair our ability to manufacture and sell products in these countries.

We also rely upon trade secrets, know-how, trademarks, copyright protection and licensing to develop and maintain our competitive position.

We also rely upon trade secrets, know-how,

trademarks, copyright protection and licensing to develop and maintain our competitive position.

We generally require the execution of confidentiality agreements by our employees, consultants, and other scientific advisors.

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Under some of these government contracts, the government may receive license or similar rights to intellectual property developed under the contract.

However, under government contracts we enter we generally receive at least non-exclusive rights to any items or technologies we develop.

However, under government contracts we enter we generally receive at least non-exclusive

rights to any items or technologies we develop.

Although we transact business with various government agencies, we believe that no government contract is of such magnitude that a renegotiation of profits or termination of the contract or subcontracts at the election of the government would have a material adverse effect on our financial results.

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In some countries where Bruker AXS sells systems, Bruker AXS uses the license we obtained from the federal authorities in Germany to assist it in obtaining a license from the country in which the sale occurs.

Our Bruker AXS subsidiary possesses low-level radiation materials licenses from the local radiation safety authority, Gewerbeaufsichtsamt Karlsruhe, for its facility in Karlsruhe, Germany;

Our Bruker AXS subsidiary possesses low-level

radiation materials licenses from the local radiation safety authority, Gewerbeaufsichtsamt Karlsruhe, for its facility in Karlsruhe, Germany;

and from the local radiation safety authority, Kanagawa Prefecture, for its facility in Yokohama, Japan, as well as from various other countries in which it sells its products.

Our Bruker Daltonics subsidiary possesses low-level radiation licenses for facilities in Billerica, Massachusetts and Leipzig, Germany.

Our Bruker Daltonics subsidiary possesses low-level

radiation licenses for facilities in Billerica, Massachusetts and Leipzig, Germany.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission also has regulations concerning the exposure of our employees to radiation.

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We also are required to maintain processes and systems for medical device product submissions.

For example, our MALDI Biotyper CA system is subject to regulation by the FDA as a medical device and requires FDA premarket review and clearance via the 510(k) premarket notification process and our IVD-CE Certified MALDI BioTyper system is subject to regulation in the European Union under the provisions of Directive 98/79/EC.

Certified MALDI BioTyper system is subject to regulation in the European Union under the provisions of Directive 98/79/EC.

In addition, certain product changes, including changes to the product indications or label claims, could trigger the requirement for a new 510(k) or other FDA or foreign regulatory premarket submission.

The process of obtaining marketing approval, authorization, or clearance from the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities for new products, or for enhancements or modifications to existing products, could take a significant amount of time, require the expenditure of substantial financial and other resources, and require rigorous and expensive pre-clinical and clinical testing.

Additionally, the FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authorities could impose limitations on the indications for use of our products.

and clinical testing.

Additionally, the FDA or

comparable foreign regulatory authorities could impose limitations on the indications for use of our products.

Should we pursue an FDA or comparable foreign regulatory authority clearance, authorization, or approval for a new device or device modification, we cannot be certain that we will receive required clearance, authorization, or approval on a timely basis or at all.

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The FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities also regulate the promotion and marketing of medical devices and require that manufacturers only make promotional claims or statements that are consistent with the indications and labeling cleared, authorized, or approved by the FDA or other regulatory authorities.

The FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities may take enforcement action against us, should the FDA determine we have engaged in “off-label” promotion or other violative marketing activities.

The FDA and comparable foreign regulatory authorities may take enforcement action against us, should the FDA determine we have engaged in “off-label”

promotion or other violative marketing activities.

The European Union Directive will be replaced in May 2022 by the IVD Regulation (EU) 2017/746.

The regime changes significantly with the new Regulation, which requires clinical evidence to demonstrate the claimed benefits and safety of the device in relation to its stated purpose, stricter classification and CE-marking requirements and ongoing post-market follow-up to ensure conformity.

requirements and ongoing post-market follow-up

to ensure conformity.

The Regulation requires new databases to be set up to track which devices are CE marked and to register clinical studies and post-market monitoring.

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Our products currently approved under the Directive, and not already placed on the market or put into service, must be recertified under the Regulation by May 2024.

Our backlog consists of firm orders under non-cancellable purchase orders received from customers.

Total system backlog at December 31, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $2,006.7 million and $1,855.3 million, respectively.

The increase in our backlog in 2020 when compared to 2019 is due to recovering performance in our BSI order bookings at December 31, 2020.

We anticipate that approximately 67.3% of the backlog as of December 31, 2020 will be filled in 2021.

Our backlog consists of firm orders under non-cancellable

purchase orders received from customers.

Total system backlog as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $2,077.2 million and $2,006.7 million, respectively.

The increase in our backlog in 2021 when compared to 2020 is due to strengthening demand in our BSI order bookings as of December 31, 2021.

We anticipate that approximately 70% of the backlog as of December 31, 2021 will be recognized in revenue in 2022.

We generally experience variable and fluctuating revenues in the first three quarters of the year, while our fourth quarter revenues have historically been stronger than the rest of the year.

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Our employees are a critical component of that mission.

We strive to attract, develop and retain top talent by offering our employees a challenging but rewarding work experience, as well as competitive compensation and benefits.

Further, we are dedicated to creating a work environment that promotes integrity, respect and trust among our employees.

We endeavor to attract, develop and retain top talent by offering our employees a challenging but rewarding work experience, as well as competitive compensation and benefits.

Further, we strive to create a work environment that promotes integrity, respect and trust among our employees.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had approximately 7,765 and 7,400 full-time employees worldwide, respectively.

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The table below provides our employees by functional area.

Number of Employees

Production and distribution

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Research and development

We also devote resources to training and development, including educational assistance for career-enhancing academic and professional programs.

Further, we invest time in identifying high-potential future leaders and working with them on individual development plans.

We recognize that our success is based on the collective talents and dedication of those we employ, and we are highly invested in their success.

Additionally, we are committed to promoting diversity across our organization.

We are actively working to expand the diversity of our workforce by embracing a variety of different perspectives and fostering an inclusive work environment for all of our employees.

As part of our efforts, we seek to identify and recruit employees with diverse professional experiences, skills and backgrounds, as well employees from diverse gender, racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Diversity, Talent Retention and Development

Bruker has initiatives and programs to attract, develop and retain our talent tailored to specific employee populations and geographies, including leadership development programs, technical training, and other skill-based training.

We have an established global performance management process in which managers provide regular feedback and coaching to develop employees.

Throughout the year, managers and employees engage in annual objective setting, mid-year

reviews of performance as well as a year-end

performance evaluation.

We also have certain employee populations piloting the use of our Talent Management system to capture career development goals as well as certifications achieved, projects completed, languages spoken and mobility preferences in order to promote internal career opportunities.

Additionally, we are focused on promoting diversity across our organization.

Our people come from diverse backgrounds all over the world.

We are united by a shared purpose—innovation with integrity.

We hope that the work we do every day inspires and impacts global scientific research—and our diverse and dynamic team of people inspire each other to achieve their full potential.

We build cross-functional teams to support collaboration and enable the creation of new ideas by actively identifying and recruiting talent with diverse professional experiences, skills and backgrounds including from diverse gender, racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Employee Health and Safety

Ensuring the safety and well-being of our employees is a top priority for Bruker.

In response to the COVID-19

pandemic, we implemented additional health and safety protocols at our sites including enhanced cleaning procedures and social distancing requirements.

We implemented a remote work policy for all employees whose job allowed them to do so.

Additional personal protective equipment (PPE) was provided to employees, and work procedures were modified to reduce risk.

Also, we engaged with a vendor to offer at home COVID-19

testing kits for those employees who needed to travel to customer sites as well as implemented an enhanced Employee Assistance Program to promote mental and physical wellness.

We continue to refine these measures as new information about the virus becomes available.

Available Information

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We are not including the information contained on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We make available free of charge through our website our annual reports on Form 10-K, our proxy statements, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports filed with or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.

We make available free of charge through our website our annual reports on Form 10-K,

our proxy statements, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q,

current reports on Form 8-K,

and amendments to these reports filed with or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.

The SEC also maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding our filings at www.sec.gov

Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-K

Item 1. Business