Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is a discussion and analysis of our financial condition and the results of operations as of and for the periods presented below. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the “Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This section and other parts of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “would” or similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, our management’s beliefs and assumptions made by our management. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and our actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).
Unless required by law, we expressly disclaim any obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The following should be read in conjunction with the critical accounting estimates presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. When we prepare these condensed consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Some of our accounting policies require that we make subjective judgments, including estimates that involve matters that are inherently uncertain. Our most critical estimates include those related to revenue recognition, inventory reserves for excess and obsolescence, intangible assets acquired in a business combination, goodwill, and income taxes. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for our judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). ASC 606 requires revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
Revenue for LMS product deliveries and customer-funded research and development contracts is recognized over time as costs are incurred. Contract services revenue is composed of revenue recognized on contracts for the provision of services, including repairs and maintenance, training, engineering design, development and prototyping activities, and technical support services. Contract services revenue, including ISR services, is recognized over time as services are rendered. We elected the right to invoice practical expedient in which if an entity has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the entity’s performance completed to date, such as flight hours for ISR services, the entity may recognize revenue in the amount to which the entity has a right to invoice. During the year ended April 30, 2023, all of our MUAS COCO sites were closed. Training services are recognized over time using an output method based on days of training completed. For performance obligations satisfied over time, revenue is generally recognized using costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion to measure progress. Incurred costs represent work performed, which correspond with, and thereby best depict, transfer of
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control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, materials, subcontractors’ costs, other direct costs, and indirect costs applicable on government and commercial contracts.
For performance obligations which are not satisfied over time per the aforementioned criteria above, revenue is recognized at the point in time in which each performance obligation is fully satisfied. Our Unmanned Systems product sales revenue is composed of revenue recognized on contracts for the delivery of SUAS, MUAS and UGV systems and spare parts, respectively. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when control transfers to the customer, which generally occurs when title and risk of loss have passed to the customer.
We review cost performance, estimates-to-complete and variable consideration at least quarterly and in many cases more frequently. Adjustments to original estimates for a contract’s revenue, estimated costs at completion and estimated profit or loss are often required as work progresses under a contract, as experience is gained and as more information is obtained, even though the scope of work required under the contract may not change, or if contract modifications, including the finalization of undefinitized contract actions, occur. The impact of revisions in estimate of completion and variable consideration for all types of contracts are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions are made. Changes in variable consideration associated with the finalization of undefinitized contract actions could result in cumulative catch up adjustments to revenue that could be material. During the three months ended July 29, 2023 and July 30, 2022, changes in accounting estimates on contracts recognized over time are presented below.
For the three months ended July 29, 2023 and July 30, 2022, favorable and unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments included in revenue were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
July 29,
July 30,
2023
2022
Gross favorable adjustments
$
2,704
$
1,288
Gross unfavorable adjustments
(1,119)
(2,093)
Net favorable (unfavorable) adjustments
$
1,585
$
(805)
For the three months ended July 29, 2023, favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $2.7 million were primarily due to final cost adjustments on 11 contracts, which individually were not material. For the same period, unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $1.1 million were primarily related to higher than expected costs on seven contracts, which individually were not material.
For the three months ended July 30, 2022, favorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $1.3 million were primarily due to final cost adjustments on 14 contracts, which individually were not material. For the same period, unfavorable cumulative catch-up adjustments of $2.1 million were primarily related to higher than expected costs on four contracts. During the three months ended July 30, 2022, we revised our estimates of the total expected costs to complete an LMS variant contract. The aggregate impact of these adjustments in contract estimates on revenue related to performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods was a decrease to revenue of approximately $1.1 million.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. We test goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter of our fiscal year or when events or circumstances change in a manner that indicates goodwill might be impaired. Events or circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business or political climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends or significant underperformance relative to projected future results of operations.
Our evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. For the impairment test, we first assess qualitative factors, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, triggering events, cost factors, and overall financial performance, to determine whether it is necessary to
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perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. Alternatively, we may bypass the qualitative assessment for some or all of its reporting units and apply the quantitative impairment test. If determined to be necessary, the quantitative impairment test shall be used to identify goodwill impairment and measure the amount of a goodwill impairment loss to be recognized (if any). For the quantitative impairment test we estimate the fair value by weighting the results from the income approach and the market approach. These valuation approaches consider a number of factors that include, but are not limited to, prospective financial information, growth rates, terminal value, discount rates, and comparable multiples from publicly traded companies in our industry and require us to make certain assumptions and estimates regarding industry economic factors and future profitability of its business.
Subsequent to the performance of our annual goodwill impairment test for fiscal year 2023, in May 2023 a trigger event was identified that indicated that the carrying value of the MUAS reporting unit exceeded its fair value. Specifically, we received notification that we were not down selected for a U.S. DoD program of record which resulted in a significant decrease in the projected future cash flows of the MUAS reporting unit. As a result, we updated our estimates of long-term future cash flows to reflect lower revenue and EBITDA growth rate expectations used in the valuation of the MUAS reporting unit. These changes in estimates, resulted in the recognition of a goodwill impairment charge of $156.0 million in the MUAS reporting unit during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023.
Our MUAS reporting unit is considered at an increased risk of failing future quantitative goodwill impairment tests as an impairment was recorded during the most recent annual goodwill impairment test performed during the fourth quarter ended April 30, 2023. The intangibles included in the MUAS reporting unit of $16.7 million as of July 29, 2023 will also be evaluated for potential impairment during the fourth quarter goodwill impairment test.
The estimates and assumptions used to determine the fair value of our reporting units are highly subjective in nature. Actual results can be materially different from the estimates and assumptions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by the industry or by us, or if events occur or circumstances change that would reduce the estimated fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets below the carrying amounts, we could recognize future impairment charges, the amount of which could be material.
Fiscal Periods
Due to our fixed year end date of April 30, our first and fourth quarters each consist of approximately 13 weeks. The second and third quarters each consist of exactly 13 weeks. Our first three quarters end on a Saturday. Our 2024 fiscal year ends on April 30, 2024 and our fiscal quarters end on July 29, 2023, October 28, 2023 and January 27, 2024, respectively.
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Results of Operations
The following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods indicated (in thousands):
Three Months Ended July 29, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended July 30, 2022
Three Months Ended
July 29,
July 30,
2023
2022
Revenue
$
152,347
$
108,516
Cost of sales
86,687
74,802
Gross margin
65,660
33,714
Selling, general and administrative
23,827
21,943
Research and development
15,466
15,045
Income (loss) from operations
26,367
(3,274)
Other loss:
Interest expense, net
(2,008)
(1,603)
Other expense, net
(1,129)
(406)
Income (loss) before income taxes
23,230
(5,283)
Provision for income taxes
1,314
2,606
Equity method investment loss, net of tax
(21)
(500)
Net income (loss)
$
21,895
$
(8,389)
We have identified three reportable segments, Unmanned Systems (“UMS”), Loitering Munitions Systems (“LMS”) and MacCready Works (“MW”). The UMS segment consists of our small UAS, medium UAS and UGV product lines. The LMS segment consists of our renamed existing tactical missile systems product lines. The MW segment consists of the Company’s MacCready Works products and services and the development of High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite systems (“HAPS”). The following table (in thousands) sets forth our revenue, gross margin and adjusted operating income (loss) from operations generated by each reporting segment for the periods indicated. Adjusted operating income is defined as operating income before intangible amortization, amortization of purchase accounting adjustments, and acquisition related expenses. All corporate and headquarter expenses are allocated to the reportable segments.
Three Months Ended July 29, 2023
UMS
LMS
MW
Total
Revenue
$
98,207
$
30,917
$
23,223
$
152,347
Gross margin
48,369
12,323
4,968
65,660
Income (loss) from operations
21,749
4,910
(292)
26,367
Acquisition-related expenses
673
—
—
673
Amortization of acquired intangible assets and other purchase accounting adjustments
2,601
—
565
3,166
Adjusted income from operations
$
25,023
$
4,910
$
273
$
30,206
Three Months Ended July 30, 2022
UMS
LMS
MW
Total
Revenue
$
67,775
$
23,011
$
17,730
$
108,516
Gross margin
21,504
7,746
4,464
33,714
(Loss) income from operations
(3,698)
(1,031)
1,455
(3,274)
Acquisition-related expenses
304
—
31
335
Amortization of acquired intangible assets and other purchase accounting adjustments
6,231
—
616
6,847
Adjusted income (loss) from operations
$
2,837
$
(1,031)
$
2,102
$
3,908
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The Company recorded intangible amortization expense and other purchase accounting adjustments in the following categories on the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations:
Three Months Ended
July 29,
July 30,
2023
2022
Cost of sales:
Product sales
$
1,041
$
1,026
Contract services
1,356
1,956
Selling, general and administrative
769
3,865
Total
$
3,166
$
6,847
Revenue. Revenue for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $152.3 million, as compared to $108.5 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022, representing an increase of $43.8 million, or 40%. The increase in revenue was due to an increase in product revenue of $61.5 million, partially offset by a decrease in service revenue of $17.7 million. The increase in product revenue was primarily due to increases in UMS and LMS product revenue. The decrease in service revenue was primarily due to a decrease in UMS and LMS service revenue, partially offset by an increase in MW service revenue. We expect the lower levels of UMS service revenues to continue through fiscal 2024 due to the closure of all COCO site locations. With the higher backlog, the increase in the UMS product revenues as compared to the prior year period is expected to continue for the remainder of the fiscal year ending April 30, 2024.
Cost of Sales. Cost of sales for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $86.7 million, as compared to $74.8 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022, representing an increase of $11.9 million, or 16%. The increase in cost of sales was a result of an increase in product cost of sales of $28.7 million, partially offset by a decrease in service costs of sales of $16.8 million. The increase in product costs of sales was primarily due to an increase in product revenue, partially offset by a favorable product mix. The decrease in service cost of sales was primarily due to a decrease in service revenue. Cost of sales for the three months ended July 29, 2023 included $2.4 million of intangible amortization and other related non-cash purchase accounting expenses as compared to $3.0 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022. Cost of sales for the three months ended July 30, 2022 also included $4.0 million of depreciation of in-service ISR assets. As a percentage of revenue, cost of sales decreased from 69% to 57%, primarily due to an increase in the proportion of product revenue to total revenue and a favorable product mix.
Gross Margin. Gross margin for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $65.7 million, as compared to $33.7 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022, representing an increase of $31.9 million, or 95%. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to an increase in product margin of $32.8 million, partially offset by a decrease in service margin of $0.8 million. The increase in product margin was primarily due to the increase in product sales and a favorable product mix. The decrease in service margin was primarily due to the decrease in service revenue. As a percentage of revenue, gross margin increased from 31% to 43%, primarily due to an increase in the proportion of product revenue to total revenue and a favorable product mix.
Selling, General and Administrative . SG&A expense for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $23.8 million, or 16% of revenue, as compared to SG&A expense of $21.9 million, or 20% of revenue, for the three months ended July 30, 2022. The increase in SG&A expense was primarily due to an increase in employee related expenses, partially offset by a decrease in intangible amortization and other non-cash purchase accounting expenses largely driven by the accelerated amortization of COCO customer relationships recorded during the three months ended April 30, 2023.
Research and Development. R&D expense for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $15.5 million, or 10% of revenue, as compared to R&D expense of $15.0 million, or 14% of revenue, for the three months ended July 30, 2022, primarily due to an increase in development activities regarding enhanced capabilities for our products, development of new product lines and support for our acquired businesses.
Interest Expense, net. Interest expense, net for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $2.0 million compared to interest expense, net of $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The increase in interest expense, net was primarily due to an increase in interest expense resulting from higher interest rates on our debt facility, partially offset by lower average outstanding balances.
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Other Expense, net. Other expense, net, for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $1.1 million compared to other expense, net of $0.4 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022. Other expense, net for the three months ended July 29, 2023 includes unrealized losses associated with decreases in the fair market value for equity security investments.
Provision for Income Taxes. Our effective income tax rate was 5.7% for the three months ended July 29, 2023, as compared to (49.3)% for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The increase in our effective income tax rate was in part due to an increase in projected full year income before income taxes combined with increases in expected foreign-derived intangible income deductions and federal R&D tax credits. The effective income tax rate for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was primarily impacted by expected federal R&D tax credits, foreign-derived intangible income deductions and excess tax benefits on equity awards.
Equity Method Investment Loss, net of Tax. Equity method investment loss, net of tax for the three months ended July 29, 2023 was $21 thousand as compared to equity method investment loss, net of tax of $0.5 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022.
Backlog
Consistent with ASC 606, we define funded backlog as remaining performance obligations under firm orders for which funding is currently appropriated to us under a customer contract. As of July 29, 2023, our funded backlog was approximately $539.7 million, as compared to $424.1 million as of April 30, 2023.
In addition to our funded backlog, we also had unfunded backlog of $174.9 million as of July 29, 2023. Unfunded backlog does not meet the definition of a performance obligation under ASC 606. We define unfunded backlog as the total remaining potential order amounts under cost reimbursable and fixed price contracts with (i) multiple one-year options and indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity (“IDIQ”) contracts, or (ii) incremental funding. Unfunded backlog does not obligate the customer to purchase goods or services. There can be no assurance that unfunded backlog will result in any orders in any particular period, if at all. Management believes that unfunded backlog does not provide a reliable measure of future estimated revenue under our contracts. Unfunded backlog does not include the remaining potential value associated with a U.S. Army IDIQ-type contract for SUAS because values for each of the other domains within the contract have not been disclosed by the customer, and we cannot be certain that we will secure all task orders issued against the contract.
Because of possible future changes in delivery schedules and/or cancellations of orders, backlog at any particular date is not necessarily representative of actual sales to be expected for any succeeding period, and actual sales for the year may not meet or exceed the backlog represented. Our backlog is typically subject to large variations from quarter to quarter as existing contracts expire or are renewed or new contracts are awarded. A majority of our contracts, specifically our IDIQ contracts, do not currently obligate the U.S. government to purchase any goods or services. Additionally, all U.S. government contracts included in backlog, whether or not they are funded, may be terminated at the convenience of the U.S. government.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
On September 8, 2022 we filed an S-3 shelf registration statement to offer and sell shares of our common stock, including a prospectus supplement in relation to an Open Market Sale Agreement SM , also dated September 8, 2022, with Jefferies LLC relating to the proposed offer and sale of shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $200.0 million from time to time through Jefferies LLC as our sales agent. As of July 29, 2023, we have sold 1,109,730 of our shares for total gross proceeds of $108.7 million and $105.4 million proceeds received, net of commission expense and $104.6 million net of equity issuance costs. We have $91.3 million aggregate offering price remaining available under the registration statement.
On February 19, 2021 in connection with the consummation of the Arcturus acquisition, we entered into the Credit Agreement for (i) the Revolving Facility, and (ii) the Term Loan Facility, and together with the Revolving Credit
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Facility, the “Credit Facilities”. The Term Loan Facility requires payment of 5% of the outstanding obligations in each of the first four loan years, with the remaining 80.0% payable in loan year five, consisting of three quarterly payments of 1.25% each, with the remaining outstanding principal amount of the Term Loan Facility due and payable on the final maturity date. Proceeds from the Term Loan Facility were used in part to finance a portion of the cash consideration for the Arcturus acquisition. Our ability to borrow under the Revolving Facility is reduced by outstanding letters of credit of $11.3 million as of July 29, 2023. As of July 29, 2023, approximately $88.7 million was available under the Revolving Facility. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility may be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes. Refer to Note 9—Debt to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details. In addition, Telerob has a line of credit of €5.5 million ($6.1 million) available for issuing letters of credit of which €1.9 million ($2.1 million) was outstanding as of July 29, 2023.
We anticipate funding our normal recurring trade payables, accrued expenses, ongoing R&D costs and obligations under the Credit Facilities through our existing working capital and funds provided by operating activities including those provided by our recent acquisitions. The majority of our purchase obligations are pursuant to funded contractual arrangements with our customers. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents, cash provided by operating activities and other financing sources will be sufficient to meet our anticipated working capital, capital expenditure requirements, future obligations related to the recent acquisitions and obligations under the Credit Facilities during the next twelve months. There can be no assurance, however, that our business will continue to generate cash flow at current levels. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow from operations, then we may be required to sell assets, reduce capital expenditures or draw on our Credit Facilities. We anticipate that existing sources of liquidity, Credit Facilities, and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to satisfy our cash needs for the foreseeable future.
Our primary liquidity needs are for financing working capital, investing in capital expenditures, supporting product development efforts, introducing new products and enhancing existing products, marketing acceptance and adoption of our products and services, and acquisition of entities. Our future capital requirements, to a certain extent, are also subject to general conditions in or affecting the defense industry and are subject to general economic, political, financial, competitive, legislative and regulatory factors that are beyond our control. Moreover, to the extent that existing cash, cash equivalents, cash from operations, and cash from our Credit Agreement are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing, subject to the limitations specified in our Credit Facility agreement. In addition, we may also need to seek additional equity funding or debt financing if we become a party to any agreement or letter of intent for potential investments in, or acquisitions of, businesses, services or technologies.
Our working capital requirements vary by contract type. On cost-plus-fee programs, we typically bill our incurred costs and fees monthly as work progresses, and therefore working capital investment is minimal. On fixed-price contracts, we typically are paid as we deliver products, and working capital is needed to fund labor and expenses incurred during the lead time from contract award until contract deliveries begin.
During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022, we made certain commitments outside of the ordinary course of business, including capital contribution commitments to a second limited partnership fund. Under the terms of a new limited partnership agreement, we have committed to make capital contributions to such fund totaling $20.0 million, inclusive of the expected reinvestment of distributions from our existing limited partnership fund, of which $14.2 million was remaining at June 29, 2023. The contributions are anticipated to be paid over the next four fiscal years. The UGV second year earnout of €2.0 million (approximately $2.2 million) is expected to be paid during the three months ended October 28, 2023. The recently announced acquisition of Tomahawk Robotics, Inc. is expected to close during the three months ended October 28, 2023 and a total purchase price of $120.0 million will be paid with a mix of cash and stock. Due to the new internal revenue service tax capitalization rules, Section 174, we expect an increase in cash paid for U.S. federal income taxes during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024 relative to prior periods.
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Cash Flows
The following table provides our cash flow data for the three months ended July 29, 2023 and July 30, 2022 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
July 29,
July 30,
2023
2022
(Unaudited)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$
(17,062)
$
15,887
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
$
(3,632)
$
3,787
Net cash used in financing activities
$
(6,315)
$
(3,331)
Cash (Used in) Provided by Operating Activities. Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended July 29, 2023 increased by $32.9 million to $17.1 million, as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $15.9 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily due to a decrease in cash as a result of changes in operating assets and liabilities of $61.0 million, largely related to inventories, unbilled receivables and retentions, prepaid expenses and other assets and accounts payable due to year over year timing differences as well as a decrease in non-cash expenses of $2.2 million primarily due to a decrease in depreciation and amortization, partially offset by an increase in net income of $30.3 million.
Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities increased by $7.4 million to $3.6 million for the three months ended July 29, 2023, as compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $3.8 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022. The increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a decrease in net redemptions of available-for-sale investments of $12.0 million, partially offset by a decrease in equity securities investments of $2.8 million and a decrease in acquisitions of property and equipment of $1.8 million.
Cash Used in Financing Activities. Net cash used in financing activities increased by $3.0 million to $6.3 million for the three months ended July 29, 2023, as compared to net cash used in financing activities of $3.3 million for the three months ended July 30, 2022. The increase in net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to an increase in principal payment of the term loan of $2.5 million.
New Accounting Standards
Please refer to Note 1—Organization and Significant Accounting Policies to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the conclusion that we did not adopt any accounting standards during the three months ended July 29, 2023.
Recent Developments
On August 22, 2023 we announced our anticipated acquisition of Tomahawk Robotics, Inc. (“Tomahawk Robotics”), a leader in AI-enabled robotic control systems. Under the definitive agreement under we entered into with Tomahawk Robotics, we will acquire 100% of Tomahawk Robotics equity for a total purchase price of $120.0 million to be paid in a mix of cash and stock. Refer to Note 19—Subsequent Events to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIV E DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In the ordinary course of business, we are exposed to various market risk factors, including fluctuations in interest rates, changes in general economic conditions, domestic and foreign competition, and foreign currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk
It is our policy not to enter into interest rate derivative financial instruments. On February 19, 2021 in connection with the consummation of the Arcturus Acquisition, we entered into the Credit Facilities. The current outstanding balance of
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the Credit Facilities is $130.0 million and bears a variable interest rate. The market interest rate has increased significantly, and if market interest rates continue to increase, interest due on the Credit Facilities would increase. An increase or decrease in the variable interest rate of 100 basis points would result in an increase or decrease to our interest expense for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2024 of approximately $1.0 million.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Since a significant part of our sales and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars, we have not experienced significant foreign exchange gains or losses to date. We occasionally engage in forward contracts in foreign currencies to limit our exposure on non-U.S. dollar transactions. With the acquisition of Telerob, a portion of our cash balance is denominated in Euros which is Telerob’s functional currency.
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