American Outdoor Brands, Inc. 10-K

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form-10-K. Based on that evaluation, we have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form-10-K, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide such reasonable assurance. Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as our internal control our financial reporting is to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. This annual report does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm as we are not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal controls while we remain an emerging growth company . 63 Inherent Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and we are required to apply judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Changes to Internal Control over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 64 Item 9B. Other Information Not applicable. PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance The information required by this Item relating to our directors and corporate governance is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The information required by this Item relating to our executive officers is included in Item 1, “Business — Executive Officers” of this report. Item 11. Executive Compensation The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the definitive Proxy Statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act for our 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. 65 PART IV Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules (a) Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules (1) Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements are listed in the Index to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements on page F-1 of this report. (b) Exhibits Incorporated by Reference Exhibit Number Exhibit Form Exhibit Filing Date 2.1 Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2020, by and between Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. and the Registrant 8-K 2.1 8/26/2020 3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation 8-K 3.1 8/26/2020 3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws 8-K 3.2 8/26/2020 4.2 # Description of Securities 10.1 * Transition Services Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2020, by and between Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. and the Registrant 8-K 10.1 8/26/2020 10.2 * Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2020, by and between Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. and the Registrant 8-K 10.2 8/26/2020 10.3 * Employee Matters Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2020, by and between Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. and the Registrant 8-K 10.3 8/26/2020 10.4 * Trademark License Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2020, by and between Smith & Wesson Inc. and AOB Products Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant 8-K 10.4 8/26/2020 10.5 * Sublease, dated as of August 24, 2020, by and between Smith & Wesson Sales Company and the Registrant 8-K 10.5 8/26/2020 10.6 * Supply Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2020, by and between Crimson Trace Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant, as Supplier, and Smith & Wesson Inc. 8-K 10.6 8/26/2020 10.7 * Supply Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2020, by and between AOB Products Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant, as Supplier, and Smith & Wesson Inc. 8-K 10.7 8/26/2020 10.8 + 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan 8-K 10.8 8/26/2020 10.9 + Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Grant Notice and Agreement to the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan 8-K 10.9 8/26/2020 10.10 + Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Grant Notice and Agreement to the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan 8-K 10.10 8/26/2020 10.11 + Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Grant Notice and Agreement to the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan 8-K 10.11 8/26/2020 10.12 + 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan 8-K 10.12 8/26/2020 10.13 + Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Brian D. Murphy 8-K 10.13 8/26/2020 10.14 + Executive Severance Pay Plan 8-K 10.14 8/26/2020 10.15 Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the Registrant and the following directors and executive officers: As of August 24,2020 with Brian D. Murphy, H. Andrew Fulmer, Mary E. Gallagher, Gregory J. Gluchowski, Jr., Barry M. Monheit, and I. Marie Wadecki 8-K 10.15 8/26/2020 66 10.16 Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of August 24, 2020, by and among AOB Products Company, Crimson Trace Corporation, American Outdoor Brands, Inc., Battenfeld Acquisition Company Inc., BTI Tools, LLC, Ultimate Survival Technologies, LLC, AOBC Asia Consulting, LLC, TD Bank, N.A., and the other banks, financial institutions, and other entities from time to time parties thereto 8-K 10.16 8/26/2020 21.1 # Subsidiaries of the Registrant 23.1 # Consent of Grant Thornton LLP, an Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 23.2 # Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, an Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 31.1 # Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer 31.2 # Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer 32.1 ## Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer 32.2 ## Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer 101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) * Certain schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The registrant agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule or exhibit to the SEC upon request; provided, however, that the registrant may request confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Exchange Act for any document so furnished. + Management contract or compensatory arrangement. # Filed herewith ## Furnished herewith Item 16. Form 10-K Summary None. 67 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. /s/ Brian D. Murphy Brian D. Murphy President and Chief Executive Officer Date: July 15, 2021 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated. Signature Capacity Date /s/ Brian D. Murphy President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) July 15, 2021 Brian D. Murphy /s/ H. Andrew Fulmer Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer) July 15, 2021 H. Andrew Fulmer /s/ Barry M. Monheit Chairman of the Board July 15, 2021 Barry M. Monheit /s/ Mary Gallagher Director July 15, 2021 Mary Gallagher /s/ Gregory J. Gluchowski, Jr. Director July 15, 2021 Gregory J. Gluchowski, Jr. /s/ I. Marie Wadecki Director July 15, 2021 I. Marie Wadecki 68 INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Page Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms F-2 Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 F-4 Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income/(Loss) for the years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 F-5 Consolidated and Combined Statements of Equity for the years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 F-6 Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 F-7 Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements F-9 F-1 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Shareholders American Outdoor Brands, Inc. Opinion on the financial statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of American Outdoor Brands, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of April 30, 2021, and the related consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss), equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of April 30, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended April 30, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. /s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2021. Hartford, Connecticut July 15, 2021 F-2 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the stockholders and Board of Directors of American Outdoor Brands, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying combined balance sheet of American Outdoor Brands, Inc., formerly the Outdoor Products & Accessories Business of Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc. (the "Company") as of April 30, 2020, the related combined statements of income/(loss), comprehensive income/(loss), cash flows, and equity, for each of the two years in the period ended April 30, 2020, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of April 30, 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended April 30, 2020, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Change in Accounting Principle As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases in fiscal year 2020 due to adoption of ASU, 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP Boston, Massachusetts July 1, 2020 We began serving as the Company's auditor in 2020. In 2020 we became the predecessor auditor. F-3 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS As of: April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 (In thousands, except share and per share data) ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 60,801 $ 234 Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ 119 on April 30, 2021 and $ 448 on April 30, 2020 42,261 35,096 Inventories 74,296 59,999 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 2,324 3,244 Income tax receivable 149 104 Total current assets 179,831 98,677 Property, plant, and equipment, net 10,992 9,677 Intangible assets, net 53,643 69,152 Goodwill 64,315 64,315 Right-of-use assets 25,375 2,772 Deferred income taxes 6,683 3,580 Other assets 424 242 Total assets $ 341,263 $ 248,415 LIABILITIES AND EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 16,021 $ 8,936 Accrued expenses 9,843 7,655 Accrued payroll and incentives 6,774 3,249 Lease liabilities, current 1,771 1,324 Accrued profit sharing 1,933 217 Total current liabilities 36,342 21,381 Lease liabilities, net of current portion 24,780 2,830 Other non-current liabilities 236 106 Total liabilities 61,358 24,317 Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) Equity: Preferred stock, $ 0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding — — Common stock, $ 0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 14,059,440 shares issued and outstanding on April 30, 2021 14 — Former net parent company investment — 224,098 Additional paid in capital 265,362 — Retained earnings 14,529 — Total equity 279,905 224,098 Total liabilities and equity $ 341,263 $ 248,415 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated and combined financial statements. F-4 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS) For the Years Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands, except per share data) Net sales (including $ 2.4 million of related party sales for the four months of our fiscal year 2021 prior to the Separation, and $ 15.1 million and $ 17.5 million of related party sales for fiscal year 2020 and 2019, respectively) $ 276,687 $ 167,379 $ 177,363 Cost of sales 149,859 96,363 93,889 Gross profit 126,828 71,016 83,474 Operating expenses: Research and development 5,378 4,995 4,859 Selling, marketing, and distribution 56,773 38,596 31,955 General and administrative 41,182 41,292 50,329 Goodwill impairment — 98,929 10,396 Total operating expenses 103,333 183,812 97,539 Operating income/(loss) 23,495 ( 112,796 ) ( 14,065 ) Other income/(expense), net: Other income/(expense), net 497 ( 21 ) 54 Interest income/(expense), net 300 4,963 5,224 Total other income/(expense), net 797 4,942 5,278 Income/(loss) from operations before income taxes 24,292 ( 107,854 ) ( 8,787 ) Income tax expense/(benefit) 5,887 ( 11,653 ) 734 Net income/(loss)/comprehensive income/(loss) $ 18,405 $ ( 96,201 ) $ ( 9,521 ) Net income/(loss) per share: Basic $ 1.31 $ ( 6.88 ) $ ( 0.68 ) Diluted $ 1.29 $ ( 6.88 ) $ ( 0.68 ) Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: Basic 13,997 13,975 13,975 Diluted 14,225 13,975 13,975 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated and combined financial statements. F-5 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY Common Stock Former Net Parent Additional Retained Total (In thousands) Shares Amount Company Investment Paid-In Capital Earnings Equity Balance at April 30, 2018 — $ — $ 331,335 $ — $ — $ 331,335 Impact of adoption of accounting standard update — — ( 430 ) — — ( 430 ) Net loss — — ( 9,521 ) — — ( 9,521 ) Net transfers from former Parent — — 3,230 — — 3,230 Balance at April 30, 2019 — $ — $ 324,614 $ — $ — $ 324,614 Net loss — — ( 96,201 ) — — ( 96,201 ) Net transfers to former Parent — — ( 4,315 ) — — ( 4,315 ) Balance at April 30, 2020 — $ — $ 224,098 $ — $ — $ 224,098 Net income — — 3,876 — 14,529 18,405 Stock-based compensation — — — 2,486 — 2,486 Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan 35 — — 386 — 386 Issuance of common stock under restricted stock unit awards, net of tax 49 — — ( 33 ) — ( 33 ) Net transfers from former Parent — — 34,563 — — 34,563 Issuance of common stock and reclassification of former net parent company investment 13,975 14 ( 262,537 ) 262,523 — — Balance at April 30, 2021 14,059 $ 14 $ — $ 265,362 $ 14,529 $ 279,905 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated and combined financial statements. F-6 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the Years Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income/(loss) $ 18,405 $ ( 96,201 ) $ ( 9,521 ) Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 19,827 23,639 24,990 Loss on sale/disposition of assets 107 819 113 Provision for losses on accounts receivable ( 48 ) 688 33 Impairment of long-lived tangible assets — 720 — Goodwill impairment — 98,929 10,396 Deferred income taxes ( 3,103 ) ( 12,499 ) ( 2,816 ) Change in fair value of contingent consideration — — ( 60 ) Stock-based compensation expense 2,910 850 2,274 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable ( 7,117 ) ( 8,763 ) 135 Inventories ( 14,297 ) 942 ( 18,358 ) Prepaid expenses and other current assets ( 1,042 ) ( 250 ) ( 1,629 ) Income taxes ( 45 ) ( 132 ) 82 Accounts payable 7,632 12 ( 1,473 ) Accrued payroll and incentives 4,751 ( 1,397 ) 2,159 Right of use assets 1,337 939 — Accrued profit sharing 1,716 ( 61 ) 161 Accrued expenses 3,691 1,434 ( 2,471 ) Other assets 9 ( 55 ) 9 Lease liabilities ( 1,543 ) ( 1,146 ) — Other non-current liabilities 130 ( 21 ) ( 211 ) Net cash provided by operating activities 33,320 8,447 3,813 Cash flows from investing activities: Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired — — ( 1,772 ) Payments to acquire patents and software ( 558 ) ( 383 ) ( 863 ) Payments to acquire property and equipment ( 3,623 ) ( 1,480 ) ( 1,889 ) Net cash used in investing activities ( 4,181 ) ( 1,863 ) ( 4,524 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Net transfers from/(to) former Parent 31,485 ( 6,512 ) 873 Cash paid for debt issuance costs ( 410 ) — — Proceeds from exercise of options to acquire common stock, including employee stock purchase plan 386 — — Payment of employee withholding tax related to restricted stock units ( 33 ) — — Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities 31,428 ( 6,512 ) 873 Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 60,567 72 162 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 234 162 — Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 60,801 $ 234 162 Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information Cash paid for: Interest $ 111 $ — $ — Income taxes $ 7,951 $ — $ — The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated and combined financial statements. F-7 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - (Continued) Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities: For the Years Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 (In thousands) Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable $ 254 $ 54 $ — Non-cash transfers to/from former Parent 1,398 — — Changes in right of use assets for operating lease obligations 23,940 3,369 — Changes in lease liabilities for operating lease obligations 23,940 4,449 — The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated and combined financial statement F-8 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. Background and Basis of Presentation Background On August 24, 2020, Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc., or our former parent company, completed the spin-off of its outdoor products and accessories business to us, or the Separation. The Separation was effected through the transfer of all of the assets and legal entities, subject to any related liabilities, associated with its outdoor products and accessories business to us, or the Transfer, and the distribution of all the outstanding shares of our common stock to the holder of the common stock of our former parent company, or the Distribution, as of the close of business on August 10, 2020, the record date for the Distribution, or the Record Date. As a result of the Separation, we became an independent public company and our common stock became listed under the symbol “AOUT” on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. Prior to the Separation, the combined financial statements reflected the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented as historically managed by our former parent. For those periods prior to the Separation, the combined financial statements were prepared on a “carve-out” basis as described below. In connection with the Separation, we entered into several agreements with our former parent that govern the relationship of the parties following the Separation, including a Separation and Distribution Agreement, a Tax Matters Agreement, a Transition Services Agreement, a Trademark License Agreement, and an Employee Matters Agreement. Under the terms of the Transition Services Agreement, our former parent and we have agreed to provide each other certain transitional services, including information technology, information management, and other limited human resources, legal, compliance, and finance and accounting related services for a certain period following the Separation. We have also entered into certain commercial arrangements with our former parent. Expense reimbursements under these agreements are recorded within cost of goods sold or operating expenses, based on the nature of the arrangements. Description of Business We are a leading provider of outdoor products and accessories encompassing hunting, fishing, camping, shooting, and personal security and defense products for rugged outdoor enthusiasts. We conceive, design, produce or source, and sell products and accessories, including shooting supplies, rests, vaults, and other related accessories; lifestyle products such as premium sportsman knives and tools for fishing and hunting; land management tools for hunting preparedness; harvesting products for post-hunt or post-fishing activities; electro-optical devices, including hunting optics, firearm aiming devices, flashlights, and laser grips; reloading, gunsmithing, and firearm cleaning supplies; and survival, camping, and emergency preparedness products. We develop and market our products at our facility in Columbia, Missouri and contract for the manufacture and assembly of most of our products with third-parties located in Asia. We also manufacture some of our electro-optics products at our facility in Wilsonville, Oregon. We focus on our brands and the establishment of product categories in which we believe our brands will resonate strongly with the activities and passions of consumers and enable us to capture an increasing share of our overall addressable markets. Our owned brands include Caldwell, Wheeler, Tipton, Frankford Arsenal, Hooyman, BOG, MEAT!, Uncle Henry, Old Timer, Imperial, Crimson Trace, LaserLyte, Lockdown, UST, BUBBA, and Schrade, and we license for use in association with certain products we sell additional brands, including M&P, Smith & Wesson, Performance Center by Smith & Wesson, and Thompson/Center Arms. In focusing on the growth of our brands, we organize our creative, product development, sourcing, and e-commerce teams into four brand lanes, each of which focuses on one of four distinct consumer verticals – Marksman, Defender, Harvester, and Adventurer – with each of our brands included in one of the brand lanes. • Our Marksman brands address product needs arising from consumer activities that take place primarily at the shooting range and where firearms are cleaned, maintained, and worked on. • Our Defender brands include products that help consumers aim their firearms more accurately, including situations that require self-defense, and products that help safely secure and store, as well as maintain connectivity to those possessions that many consumers consider to be high value or high consequence. • Our Harvester brands focus on the activities hunters typically engage in, including the activities to prepare for the hunt, the hunt itself, and the activities that follow a hunt, such as meat processing. • Our Adventurer brands include products that help enhance consumers’ fishing and camping experiences. F-9 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Basis of Presentation – Consolidated Financial Statements Subsequent to the Separation Our financial statements for the periods through the Separation date of August 24, 2020 are combined financial statements prepared on a “carve-out” basis as discussed below. Our financial statements for the period from August 24, 2020 through April 30, 2021 are consolidated financial statements based on our reported results as a standalone company, and have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP. Basis of Presentation – Combined Financial Statements Prior to the Separation Prior to the Separation, the combined financial statements include certain assets and liabilities that have historically been held by our former parent and various of its subsidiaries, but are specifically identifiable to or otherwise attributable to the outdoor products and accessories business. Our combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss), prior to the Separation, also include costs for certain pre-Separation centralized functions and programs provided and administered by our former parent that have been charged directly to our former parent businesses, including us. These centralized functions and programs include information technology, human resources, accounting, legal, and insurance. These costs were included in general and administrative expenses in the combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss). In addition, for purposes of preparing the combined financial statements, prior to the Separation, on a “carve-out” basis, a portion of our former parent’s total corporate expenses were allocated to us. These expense allocations include the cost of corporate functions and resources provided by our former parent, including executive management, finance, accounting, legal, human resources, internal audit, and the related benefit costs associated with such functions, such as stock-based compensation, and the cost of our former parent’s Springfield, Massachusetts corporate headquarters. In fiscal 2020, our former parent began operating a new distribution facility in Columbia, Missouri, which included shared distribution expenses between our former parent and us. In addition to the portion of our former parent’s corporate expenses allocated to us prior to the Separation, a portion of our former parent’s total distribution expenses were allocated to us. These expense allocations include selling, distribution, inventory management, warehouse, and fulfillment services provided by our former parent and the related benefit costs associated with such functions, such as stock-based compensation and the cost of our former parent’s Columbia, Missouri distribution facility. For the period prior to the Separation in fiscal 2021, we were allocated $ 2.7 million for such corporate expenses, which were included within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss). During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we were allocated $ 8.7 million and $ 9.9 million, respectively, for such corporate expenses. For the period prior to the Separation in fiscal 2021, we were also allocated $ 1.9 million of such distribution expenses, which were included within cost of sales; selling, marketing, and distribution expenses; and general and administrative expenses in the consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss). For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, we were allocated $ 8.2 million of distribution expenses. Prior to the Separation, costs were allocated to us based on direct usage when identifiable or, when not directly identifiable, on the basis of proportional net sales, employee headcount, delivery units, or square footage, as applicable. We consider the basis on which the expenses have been allocated to reasonably reflect the utilization of services provided to, or the benefit received by, us during the periods presented. However, the allocations may not reflect the expenses we would have incurred if we had been a standalone company for the periods presented prior to the Separation. Actual costs that may have been incurred if we had been a standalone company would depend on a number of factors, including the organizational structure, whether functions were outsourced or performed by employees, and strategic decisions made in areas such as information technology and infrastructure. Going forward, we may perform these functions using our own resources or outsourced services. For a period following the Separation, however, some of these functions will continue to be provided by our former parent under a Transition Services Agreement. Additionally, we will provide some services to our former parent under such Transition Services Agreement. We also entered into certain commercial arrangements with our former parent in connection with the Separation. Prior to the Separation, our former parent utilized a centralized approach to cash management and financing its operations. The cash and cash equivalents held by our former parent at the corporate level were not specifically identifiable to us and therefore have not been reflected in our combined balance sheet. Cash transfers between us and our former parent were accounted for through former parent company investment. Cash and cash equivalents in the pre-Separation combined balance sheet represent cash and cash equivalents held by legal entities that were transferred to us or amounts otherwise attributable to us. The combined financial statements include certain assets and liabilities that have historically been held at our former parent’s corporate level, but are specifically identifiable or other attributable to us. Our former parent incurred debt and related debt issuance costs with respect to the acquisitions of the carved-out businesses. However, such debt has been refinanced since the consummation of these acquisitions, and the proceeds of such refinancing have been utilized for retirement of original debt obligations and the funding of other former parent expenditures. As a result, our former parent’s F-10 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) third-party long-term debt and the related interest expense have not been allocated to us for any of the periods presented as we were not the legal obligor of such debt. All intracompany transactions have been eliminated. All transactions between us and our former parent have been included in these consolidated and combined financial statements. The aggregate net effect of such transactions that are not historically settled in cash has been reflected in the consolidated and combined balance sheet as parent company investment and in the consolidated and combined statements of cash flows as net transfers to and from our former parent. Reclassification We have adjusted the accompanying consolidated and combined balance sheet as of April 30, 2020 for an immaterial correction of an error to appropriately present deferred income taxes, in the amount of $ 3.6 million, as non-current, which was previously presented as a current asset. Fiscal Year We operate and report using a fiscal year ending on April 30 of each year. 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates In preparing the consolidated and combined financial statements in accordance with GAAP, we make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated and combined financial statements and accompanying notes. Our significant estimates include provisions for excess and obsolete inventory, accruals for freight, duty, and tariff costs on international inventory purchases, valuation of intangible assets, and realization of deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements include the accounts of our company and our wholly owned subsidiaries, including Battenfeld Technologies, Inc, or BTI, BTI Tools LLC, Crimson Trace Corporation, Ultimate Survival Technologies, LLC, or UST, and AOB Consulting (Shenzhen), Co., LTD. In our opinion, all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments necessary to fairly present the financial position, results of operations, changes in equity, and cash flows at April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 and for the periods presented, have been included. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Unless otherwise indicated, the fair values of all reported assets and liabilities, which represent financial instruments not held for trading purposes, approximate the carrying values of such amounts because of their short-term nature or market rates of interest. F-11 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Estimated Credit Losses We record trade accounts receivable at net realizable value that include estimated allowances for trade terms, sales incentive programs, discounts, markdowns, chargebacks, and returns as discussed under Revenue Recognition below. We extend credit to our domestic customers and some foreign distributors based on their credit worthiness. We sometimes offer discounts for early payment on invoices. When we believe the extension of credit is not advisable, we rely on either a prepayment or a letter of credit. We write off balances deemed uncollectible by us against our allowance for credit loss accounts. We maintain an allowance for credit losses related to accounts receivable for future expected credit losses resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments. We estimate our allowance for credit losses based on relevant information such as historical experience, current conditions, and future expectation and in relation to a representative pool of assets consisting of a large number of customers with similar risk characteristics and similar financial assets. The allowance is adjusted as appropriate to reflect differences in current conditions as well as changes in forecasted macroeconomic conditions. In November 2020, we entered into a factoring arrangement with a designated financial institution specifically designed to factor trade receivables with a certain customer that has extended terms, which are traditional to the customer’s industry. Under this factoring arrangement, from time to time, we sell this certain customer’s trade receivables at a discount on a non-recourse basis. These transactions are accounted for as sales and cash proceeds are included in cash provided by operating activities in the statement of cash flows. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we recorded an immaterial amount of factoring fees related to factoring transactions, which are included in other income/(expense), net on our consolidated and combined statement of operations. Inventories We state inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value. We determine cost on the first-in, first-out method and net of discounts or rebates received from vendors. Provisions for potential non-saleable inventory due to excess stock or obsolescence are based upon a detailed review of inventory, past history, and expected future usage. Property, Plant, and Equipment We record property, plant, and equipment, consisting of leasehold improvements, machinery, equipment, software, hardware, furniture, and fixtures at cost and depreciate them using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. We recognize amortization expense for leasehold improvements over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease terms and include them in depreciation and amortization expense. We charge expenditures for maintenance and repairs to earnings as incurred, and we capitalize additions, renewals, and betterments. Upon the retirement or other disposition of property and equipment, we remove the related cost and accumulated depreciation from the respective accounts and include any gain or loss in operations. A summary of the estimated useful lives is as follows: Description Useful Life Machinery and equipment 2 to 10 years Software and hardware 2 to 7 years Leasehold improvements 10 to 20 years We include tooling, dies, furniture, and fixtures as part of machinery and equipment and depreciate them over a period generally not exceeding 10 years. We assess the recoverability of assets whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. We recognize an impairment loss if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable based on its undiscounted future cash flows. We measure the impairment loss as the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset. F-12 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Intangible Assets We record intangible assets at cost or based on the fair value of the assets acquired. Intangible assets consist of developed technology, customer relationships, trademarks, trade names, and patents. We amortize intangible assets over their estimated useful lives or in proportion to expected yearly revenue generated from the intangibles that were acquired. Goodwill represents the excess of cost of an acquired business over the fair value of net tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is assigned at the reporting unit level. Valuation of Goodwill and Long-lived Intangible Assets We evaluate the recoverability of long-lived intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. When such evaluations indicate that the related future undiscounted cash flows are not sufficient to recover the carrying values of the assets, such carrying values are reduced to fair value and this adjusted carrying value becomes the asset’s new cost basis. We determine fair value, primarily using future anticipated cash flows that are directly associated with and are expected to arise as a direct result of the use and eventual disposition of the asset, or asset group, discounted using an interest rate commensurate with the risk involved. We have significant long-lived intangible assets, which are susceptible to valuation adjustments as a result of changes in various factors or conditions. The most significant long-lived intangible assets are developed technology, customer relationships, patents, trademarks, and trade names. We amortize all finite-lived intangible assets either on a straight-line basis or based upon patterns in which we expect to utilize the economic benefits of such assets. We initially determine the values of intangible assets by a risk-adjusted, discounted cash flow approach. We assess the potential impairment of identifiable intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable and at least annually. Factors we consider important, which could trigger an impairment of such assets, include the following: • significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results; • significant changes in the manner or use of the assets or the strategy for our overall business; • significant negative industry or economic trends; • a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period; and • a decline in our market capitalization below net book value. Future adverse changes in these or other unforeseeable factors could result in an impairment charge that could materially impact future results of operations and financial position in the reporting period identified. In accordance with Accounting Standard Codification, or ASC, 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other, we test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis on February 1 and between annual tests if indicators of potential impairment exist. As of our valuation date in fiscal 2021, we had $ 64.3 million of goodwill. During the annual impairment review process, we have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment, commonly referred to as “step zero”, over relative events and circumstances to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value or to perform a quantitative assessment where we estimate the fair value of each reporting unit using both an income and market approach. We completed a step zero assessment as of February 1, 2021, and concluded there were no indicators of impairment. If the qualitative step zero analysis indicates that its more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, we will perform a step one analysis. When we perform a step one analysis to assess the recoverability of our goodwill, we determine the estimated fair value of our reporting unit and compare it to the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of our operating unit, under the step one analysis, using an equal weighting of the fair values derived from the income approach and the market approach because we believe a market participant would equally weight both approaches when valuing the operating unit. The income approach is based on the projected cash flows that are discounted to their present value using discount rates that consider the timing and risk of the forecasted cash flows. We estimate fair value using internally developed forecasts and assumptions. The discount rate used is the average estimated value of a market participant’s cost of capital and debt, derived using customary market metrics. Other significant assumptions include revenue growth rates, profitability projections, and terminal value growth rates. The market approach estimates fair values based on the determination of appropriate publicly traded market comparison companies and market multiples of revenue and earnings derived from those companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the operating unit being valued. Finally, we compare and reconcile our overall fair value to our market capitalization F-13 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) in order to assess the reasonableness of the calculated fair values of our operating units. We recognize an impairment loss for goodwill if the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying value. We have reviewed the provisions of ASC 350-20, with respect to the criteria necessary to evaluate the number of reporting units that exist. In prior years, we had concluded that we had two operating units when reviewing ASC 350-20: Outdoor Products & Accessories and Electro-Optics. However, in fiscal 2019, a combination of factors occurring in the firearms industry during the last few years, including changes in the political environment and reduced overall demand for both firearms and the accessories that are attached to firearms, such as laser sights, has resulted in us lowering our long-range sales volume, operating profit, and cash flow forecasts in our Electro-Optics operating unit. Based on those forecasts, we believed it was important to seek out efficiencies in that operating unit to increase operating performance and, as a result, decided to combine our Electro-Optics operating unit with our Outdoor Products & Accessories operating unit in fiscal 2019. The lowered forecasts and the decision to reorganize those operating units caused us to evaluate the fair value of our operating unit utilizing those forecasts. Because of that evaluation, we recorded a $ 10.4 million impairment of goodwill in our Electro-Optics operating unit during the three months ended January 31, 2019. Based on our review of ASC 350-20 subsequent to the reorganization of Electro-Optics into Outdoor Products & Accessories, we have determined that we now have one operating unit. On March 23, 2020, we determined that our business was expected to be negatively impacted by several factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including a major online retail customer’s decision to halt or delay most non-essential product orders, COVID-19-related supply chain issues, as well as COVID-19-related “stay at home” orders and sporting goods store closures, which reduced retail foot traffic in many states. Given the extreme market volatility, we relied solely on the income approach to derive the current value of our business. Based on these factors, we expected reduced cash flows in our business, and we believed this constituted a triggering event under generally accepted accounting principles. Based on the results of this evaluation, we recorded a $ 98.9 million non-cash impairment of goodwill during our fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. Our assumptions related to the development of fair value could deviate materially from actual results and forecasts used to support asset carrying values may change in the future, which could result in non-cash charges that would adversely affect our results of operations. The re-measurement of goodwill is classified as a Level 3 fair value assessment as described in Note 10 - Fair Value Measurement of the consolidated and combined financial statements , due to the significance of unobservable inputs developed using company-specific information. Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue for the sale of our products at the point in time when the control of ownership has transferred to the customer. The transfer of control typically occurs at a point in time based on consideration of when the customer has i) a payment obligation, ii) physical possession of goods has been received, iii) legal title to goods has passed, iv) risks and rewards of ownership of goods has passed to customers and v) the customer has accepted the goods. The timing of revenue recognition occurs either on shipment or delivery of goods based on contractual terms with the customer. The duration of contractual arrangements with customers in our wholesale channels is typically less than one year. Payment terms with customers are typically between 20 and 90 days , with a discount available in certain cases for early payment. For contracts with discounted terms, we determine the transaction price upon establishment of the contract that contains the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each product purchased. We estimate variable consideration relative to the amount of cash discounts to which customers are likely to be entitled. In some instances, we provide longer payment terms, particularly as it relates to our hunting dating programs, which represent payment terms due in the fall for certain orders of hunting products received in the spring and summer. We do not consider these extended terms to be a significant financing component of the contract because the payment terms are less than one year. We have elected to treat all shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs and recognize the costs as distribution expenses at the time we recognize the related revenue. Shipping and handling costs billed to customers are included in net sales. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the expected consideration to be received for providing the goods or services to the customer, which includes estimates for variable consideration. Variable consideration includes allowances for trade term discounts, chargebacks, and product returns. Estimates of variable consideration are determined at contract inception and reassessed at each reporting date, at a minimum, to reflect any changes in facts and circumstances. We apply the portfolio approach as a practical expedient and utilize the expected value method in determining estimates of variable consideration, based on evaluations of specific product and customer circumstances, historical and anticipated trends, and current economic conditions. We have co-op advertising F-14 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) program expense, which we record within advertising expense, in recognition of a distinct service that we receive from our customers at the retail level . The following table sets forth certain information regarding trade channel net sales for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (dollars in thousands): 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 e-commerce channels $ 108,726 $ 54,316 $ 54,410 100.2 % $ 47,429 Traditional channels 167,961 113,063 54,898 48.6 % 129,934 Total net sales $ 276,687 $ 167,379 $ 109,308 65.3 % $ 177,363 Our e-commerce channels include net sales from customers that do not operate a physical brick and mortar store, but generate the majority of their revenue from consumer purchases from their retail websites. Our traditional channels include customers that primarily operate out of physical brick and mortar stores and generate the large majority of revenue from consumer purchases in their brick and mortar locations. We sell our products worldwide. The following table sets forth certain information regarding geographic makeup of net sales included in the above table for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (dollars in thousands): 2021 2020 $ Change % Change 2019 Domestic net sales $ 267,573 $ 160,905 $ 106,668 66.3 % $ 170,621 International net sales 9,114 6,474 2,640 40.8 % 6,742 Total net sales $ 276,687 $ 167,379 $ 109,308 65.3 % $ 177,363 Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold for our purchased finished goods includes the purchase costs and related overhead. We source most of our purchased finished goods from manufacturers in Asia. Cost of goods sold for our manufactured goods includes all materials, labor, and overhead costs incurred in the production process. Overhead includes all costs related to manufacturing or purchasing finished goods, including costs of planning, purchasing, quality control, depreciation, freight, duties, royalties, and shrinkage. Research and Development We engage in both internal and external research and development, or R&D, in order to remain competitive and to exploit potential untapped market opportunities. We approve prospective R&D projects after analysis of the costs and benefits associated with the potential product. Costs in R&D expense include salaries, materials, utilities, and administrative costs. Advertising We expense advertising costs, primarily consisting of digital, printed, or television advertisements, either as incurred or upon the first occurrence of the advertising. Advertising expense, included in selling, marketing, and distribution expenses, totaled $ 14.4 million, $ 14.5 million, and $ 10.4 million in fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. We have co-op advertising program expense, which we record within advertising expense, in recognition of a distinct service that we receive from our customers at the retail level. Warranty We generally provide either a limited lifetime, three-year, or one-year warranty program to the original purchaser of most of our products. We will also repair or replace certain products or parts found to be defective under normal use and service with an item of equivalent value, at our option, without charge during the warranty period. We provide for estimated warranty obligations in the period in which we recognize the related revenue. We quantify and record an estimate for warranty-related costs based on our actual historical claims experience and current repair costs. We make adjustments to accruals as warranty claims data and historical experience warrant. Should we experience actual claims and repair costs that are higher than the estimated claims and repair costs used to calculate the provision, our operating results for the period or periods in which such returns or additional costs materialize could be adversely impacted. F-15 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) In May 2018, we initiated a recall of certain models of our electro-optics products that incorporated diodes manufactured by a particular third party because the diodes failed to comply with a Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, standard for laser products. We have made efforts to notify all consumers that may be impacted by this recall. As of April 30, 2020, we had exhausted all efforts to notify customers, and, based on the level of warranty claim activity, we have reduced the recall reserve to an immaterial amount. We will continue to fulfill warranty claims as they are presented . Warranty expense for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 amounted to $ 875,000 , $ 193,000 , and $ 135,000 , respectively . The following table sets forth the change in accrued warranties, a portion of which is recorded as a non-current liability, in the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in thousands): April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 April 30, 2019 Beginning Balance 336 587 1,720 Warranties issued and adjustments to provisions 875 193 135 Changes related to preexisting product recall accruals - ( 180 ) ( 589 ) Warranty claims ( 494 ) ( 264 ) ( 679 ) Ending Balance 717 336 587 Rent Expense We occasionally enter into non-cancelable operating leases for office space, distribution facilities, and equipment. Leases for real estate typically have initial terms ranging from one to 10 years , generally with renewal options. Leases for equipment typically have initial terms ranging from one to 10 years . Most leases have fixed rentals, with many of the real estate leases requiring additional payments for real estate taxes and occupancy-related costs. We record rent expense for leases containing landlord incentives or scheduled rent increases on a straight-line basis over the lease term beginning with the earlier of the lease commencement date or the date we take possession or control of the leased premises. See Note 3 – Leases for more information. Self-insurance Our former parent is self-insured for a significant portion of its employee medical, workers’ compensation, vehicle, property, and general liability exposures and records an accrual for its retained liability. Our former parent’s businesses, including us prior to Separation, were charged directly for their estimated share of the cost of these self-insured programs, and our share of the cost is included in the consolidated and combined statements of income/(loss) and comprehensive income/(loss). Our estimated share of our former parent retained liability for these programs has been reflected in the consolidated and combined balance sheet within accrued expenses. See Note 11 – Self-Insurance Reserves for more information. Earnings/(Loss) per Share On August 24, 2020, the date of consummation of the Separation, our former parent distributed 13,975,104 shares of our common stock, par value $ 0.001 per share, to our former parent’s stockholders of record as of August 10, 2020, or the Record Date. We utilize this share amount for the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for all periods presented prior to the Separation as all common stock was owned by our former parent prior to the Separation. For the 2020 and 2019 year-to-date calculations, these shares are treated as issued and outstanding at April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, for purposes of calculating historical basic and diluted earnings per share. For periods prior to the Separation, it is assumed that there are no dilutive equity instruments as we had no stock-based awards outstanding prior to the Separation. We compute diluted earnings per share by giving effect to all potentially dilutive stock awards that are outstanding. For periods subsequent to the Separation, the computation of diluted earnings per share excludes the effect of the potential exercise of stock-based awards when the effect of the potential exercise would be anti-dilutive. There were no shares excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. After the Separation, the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per share for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 was based on the weighted-average number of actual common shares outstanding assuming the number of shares of AOUT common stock outstanding on August 24, 2020 had been outstanding at the beginning of each period presented. F-16 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The following table provides a reconciliation of the net income/(loss) amounts and weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares used to determine basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per common share (in thousands, except per share data): For the Years Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 Net Per Share Net Per Share Net Per Share Income Shares Amount Loss Shares Amount Loss Shares Amount Basic earnings/(loss) $ 18,405 13,997 $ 1.31 $ ( 96,201 ) 13,975 $ ( 6.88 ) $ ( 9,521 ) 13,975 $ ( 0.68 ) Effect of dilutive stock awards — 228 ( 0.02 ) — — — — — — Diluted earnings/(loss) $ 18,405 14,225 $ 1.29 $ ( 96,201 ) 13,975 $ ( 6.88 ) $ ( 9,521 ) 13,975 $ ( 0.68 ) Stock-Based Compensation Our stock-based compensation awards consist of stock options, performance-based restricted stock units, or PSUs, and restricted stock units, or RSUs, all of which are based on our common shares. Compensation costs for all awards expected to vest are recognized over the vesting period, which generally vest annually in four-year tranches, and are included in costs of goods sold; research and development; selling, marketing, and distribution; and general and administrative expenses in the consolidated and combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss). Prior to the Separation, the combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss) also include an allocation of our former parent corporate and shared employee stock-based compensation expenses. See Note 12 – Stock-Based Compensation for additional information. Income Taxes We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes (ASC 740). The provision for income taxes is based upon income reported in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements as required by ASC 740-10 . We determine deferred tax assets and liabilities based on temporary differences between financial reporting and tax bases in assets and liabilities and measure them by applying enacted rates and laws expected to be in place when the deferred items become subject to income tax or deductible for income tax purposes. We recognize the effect on deferred taxes and liabilities of a change in tax rates in the period that includes the enactment date. In assessing the realization of our deferred income tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that the deferred income tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of our deferred income tax assets depends upon generating future taxable income during the periods in which our temporary differences become deductible and before our net operating loss carryforwards expire. We periodically evaluate the recoverability of our deferred income tax assets by assessing the need for a valuation allowance. If we determine that it is more likely than not that our deferred income tax assets will not be recovered, we establish a valuation allowance against some or all of our deferred income tax assets. Recording a valuation allowance could have a significant effect on our future results of o perations and financial position. We determine unrecognized income tax benefits in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which first we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and second for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority. Accrued income taxes in the consolidated and combined balance sheet includes unrecognized income tax benefits along with related interest and penalties, appropriately classified as current or noncurrent. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as interest income/(expense) and other income/(expense), respectively, in the accompanying consolidated and combined statement of operations. All deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as noncurrent in the consolidated and combined balance sheet. Prior to the Separation, income taxes were allocated in a manner that is systematic, rational, and consistent with the broad principles of ASC 740. Prior to the Separation, our operations have been included in our former parent federal consolidated tax return, certain foreign tax returns, and certain state tax returns. For the purposes of the financial statements presented on a “carve-out” basis, our income tax provisions were computed as if we filed separate tax returns (i.e., as if we had not been included in the consolidated income tax return group with our former parent). The separate return method applies ASC 740 to the combined financial statements of each member of a consolidated tax group as if the group member were a separate taxpayer. As a result, actual tax transactions included in the consolidated financial statements of our former parent may not be included in our consolidated and combined financial statements. Also, the tax treatment of certain items reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements may not be reflected in the consolidated financial statements and tax returns of our former parent. It is conceivable that items such as net operating losses, other deferred taxes, uncertain tax positions, and valuation allowances may exist in the consolidated and combined financial statements that may or may not exist in our former parent’s consolidated financial statements. F-17 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Since our results , prior to the Separation, were included in our former parent consolidated tax returns, payments to certain tax authorities were made by our former parent and not by us. For tax jurisdictions in which we are included with our former parent in a consolidated tax filing, we do not maintain taxes payable to or from our former parent and the payments are deemed to be settled immediately with the legal entities paying the tax in the respective tax jurisdictions through changes in parent company investment. Tax receivables in jurisdictions where we do not file a consolidated tax return with our former parent , such as certain state tax returns, are recorded as income tax receivable . Deferred income tax assets and liabilities, prior to the Separation, as presented in the combined balance sheet, reflect the net future tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Former Net Parent Company Investment Former net parent company investment in the consolidated and combined balance sheet represents our former parent’s historical investment in us, the accumulated net earnings after taxes, and the net effect of the transactions with, and allocations from, our former parent. See Basis of Presentation above and Note 17- Related Party Transactions for additional information. Concentration of Risks Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and trade receivables. We place our cash and cash equivalents in overnight U.S. government securities. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are limited by the large number of customers comprising our customer base and their geographic and business dispersion. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and generally do not require collateral. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, one of our customers accounted for more than 10% of our net sales, accounting for $ 76.3 million, or 27.6 % of our fiscal 2021 net sales. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, two of our external customers accounted for more than 10% of our net sales. These customers accounted for $ 37.9 million, or 22.9 %, and $ 17.5 million, or 10.5 %, of our fiscal 2020 net sales, respectively, and accounted for $ 36.8 million, or 20.8 %, and $ 19.0 million, or 10.7 %, of our fiscal 2019 net sales, respectively. As of April 30, 2021 and 2020, two of our customers exceeded 10% or more of our accounts receivable and accounted for $ 13.6 million, or 32.1 %, and $ 4.5 million, or 10.7 %, for our fiscal 2021 accounts receivable, respectively, and $ 12.5 million, or 35.6 %, and $ 3.7 million, or 10.6 % of our fiscal 2020 accounts receivable, respectively. As of April 30, 2019, three of our external customers exceeded 10% or more of our accounts receivable and accounted for $ 6.3 million, or 23.5 %, $ 2.9 million, or 10.9 %, and $ 2.7 million, or 10.2 %, respectively, of our accounts receivable. We are not aware of any issues with respect to relationships with any of our top customers. We source a majority of our purchased finished goods from Asia. Shipping and Handling In the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements, we included amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling in net sales. We include costs relating to shipping and handling charges, including inbound freight charges and internal transfer costs, in cost of goods sold; however, costs incurred to distribute products to customers is included in distribution expenses. Legal and Other Contingencies We periodically assess liabilities and contingencies in connection with legal proceedings and other claims that may arise from time to time. When we believe it is probable that a loss has been or will be incurred, we record an estimate of the loss in the consolidated and combined financial statements. We adjust estimates of losses when additional information becomes available or circumstances change. We disclose a contingent liability when we believe there is at least a reasonable possibility that a material loss may have been incurred. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, of FASB, issued Accounting Standard Update, or ASU, 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) . The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects F-18 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 is effective for interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted. Additionally, in March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which clarifies the identification of performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients (Topic 606), which provides clarifying guidance in certain narrow areas and adds some practical expedients. The effective dates for these ASU’s are the same as the effective date for ASU 2014-09. We have evaluated the new standard against our existing accounting policies and practices, including reviewing standard purchase orders, invoices, shipping terms, and agreements with customers. We adopted the new standard on May 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach and will not restate our prior year consolidated and combined financial statements. The impact on our consolidated and combined financial statements was not material. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the existing guidance to require lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in a classified balance sheet (with the exception of leases with a term equal to or less than 12 months). The most prominent among the changes in the standard is the requirement for lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for those leases classified as operating leases under current U.S. GAAP. The requirements of this ASU are effective for financial statements for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and early adoption is permitted. We implemented leasing software to assist us in the accounting and tracking of leases and used the optional transition method allowed by ASU 2016-02. Under this method, the standard was applied prospectively in the year of adoption. We elected to use the package of practical expedients, which permits us to not reassess certain lease contract provisions. The effect of ASU 2016-02 resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets of $ 3.4 million, the recognition of lease liabilities of $ 4.5 million, and the elimination of deferred rent and lease incentive liabilities of $ 1.1 million, primarily relating to our real estate operating leases, with no impact to retained earnings. See Note 3 – Leases , for more information. In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments , or ASU 2016-13. Effective May 1, 2020 , we adopted ASU 2016- 13, which requires financial assets measured at amortized cost, such as our trade receivables, to be presented net of expected credit losses, which may be estimated based on relevant information such as historical experience, current conditions, and future expectation for each pool of similar financial assets. We adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective method, whereby the guidance was applied prospectively as of the date of adoption and prior periods are not restated. The cumulative effect of adoption was not material. Recently Issued Accounting Standards In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, or ASU 2020-04 to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the contract modifications, hedge relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. ASU 2020-04, which was effective upon issuance and may be applied through December 31, 2022, is applicable to all contracts and hedging relationships that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate or any other reference rate expected to be discontinued. We are currently evaluating the new guidance and the expected effect on our consolidated and combined financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2019, FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, or ASU 2019-12, an amendment of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. ASU 2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions for intraperiod tax allocations and deferred tax liabilities for equity method investments and adds guidance regarding whether a step-up in tax basis of goodwill relates to a business combination or a separate transaction. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We will adopt this ASU on May 1, 2021 and do not expect this new guidance to have a material effect on our consolidated and combined financial statements and related disclosures. F-19 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 3. Leases: We primarily lease certain of our real estate, as well as other equipment, under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. We recognize expenses under our operating lease assets and liabilities at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate. We use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our lease agreements do not require material variable lease payments, residual value guarantees, or restrictive covenants. For operating leases, we recognize expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Tenant improvement allowances are recorded as an offsetting adjustment included in our calculation of the respective right-of-use asset. Many of our leases include renewal options that can extend the lease term. These renewal options are at our sole discretion and are reflected in the lease term when they are reasonably certain to be exercised. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term. The amounts of assets and liabilities related to our operating leases as of April 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands): April 30, 2021 Operating Leases Right-of-use assets $ 27,449 Accumulated amortization ( 2,074 ) Right-of-use assets, net $ 25,375 Lease liabilities, current portion $ 1,771 Lease liabilities, net of current portion 24,780 Total operating lease liabilities $ 26,551 During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we recorded $ 3.1 million of operating lease costs, of which $ 263,000 related to short-term leases. As of April 30, 2021, our weighted average lease term and weighted average discount rate for our operating leases was 16.7 years and 5.3 %, respectively. The depreciable lives of right-of-use assets are limited by the lease term and are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease. On August 24, 2020 and as part of the Separation, we entered into an 18 -year sublease for our corporate headquarters, that include our executive offices as well as our research and development, sales, marketing, and warehouse distribution activities with our former parent, which is payable in 216 monthly installments through fiscal 2039. We evaluated this lease under ASC 842-10, which requires that leases be evaluated and classified as operating or finance leases for financial reporting purposes . Based on our evaluation under ASC 842-10, we determined that the sublease qualified as an operating lease because the net present value of all the lease payments did not exceed 90 % of the fair market value of the subleased building space. We recorded an operating Right-of-use lease asset and liability in the amount of $ 24.5 million. The effective interest rate for this lease is 5.4 %. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we terminated an operating lease for office space in Park City, Utah. We recorded a reduction of right-of-use asset and lease liability of approximately $ 640,000 for terminating this lease. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we entered into an operating lease for administrative office space in Chicopee, Massachusetts and recorded a right-of-use asset and lease liability of $ 369,000 . During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we terminated an operating lease for office space in Bentonville, Arkansas. We recorded a reduction of right-of-use asset and lease liability of approximately $ 240,000 for terminating this lease. F-20 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Future lease payments for all our operating leases as of April 30, 2021, and for succeeding fiscal years, are as follows (in thousands): Operating 2022 $ 3,132 2023 3,005 2024 2,030 2025 2,059 2026 2,005 Thereafter 28,547 Total future lease payments 40,778 Less amounts representing interest ( 14,227 ) Present value of lease payments 26,551 Less current maturities of lease liabilities ( 1,771 ) Long-term maturities of lease liabilities $ 24,780 During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, the cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of the liabilities and the operating cash flows was $ 1.5 million. 4. Inventory The following table sets forth a summary of inventories stated at lower of cost or net realizable value, as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 Finished goods $ 62,465 $ 50,171 Finished parts 4,629 3,499 Work in process 445 249 Raw material 6,757 6,080 Total inventories $ 74,296 $ 59,999 5. Property, Plant, and Equipment The following table summarizes property, plant, and equipment as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 Machinery and equipment $ 15,041 $ 12,987 Software and hardware 5,075 4,960 Leasehold improvements 2,273 2,054 22,389 20,001 Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization ( 13,181 ) ( 10,854 ) 9,208 9,147 Construction in progress 1,784 530 Total property, plant, and equipment, net $ 10,992 $ 9,677 Depreciation expense for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $ 3.5 million, $ 3.4 million, and $ 2.8 million, respectively. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, we recorded $ 2.2 million of leasehold improvements for the office buildout of our Columbia, Missouri facility for which we received a cash incentive from the lessor at the inception of the lease for that facility. We also recorded a corresponding lease incentive liability at the inception of the lease when we received the funds from the lessor. As of April 30, 2020, the lease incentive was recorded as a reduction of right-of-use lease liabilities on our consolidated and combined balance sheet. During fiscal 2020, we finalized a sublease of this facility, and, as a result of this sublease, we recorded a $ 713,000 impairment of this leasehold improvement. F-21 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) The following table summarizes depreciation and amortization expense, which includes amortization of intangibles, by line item for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in thousands): For the Years Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 Cost of sales $ 1,016 $ 1,837 $ 1,969 Research and development 43 83 81 Selling, marketing, and distribution 114 175 39 General and administrative (a) 18,653 21,814 22,901 Total depreciation and amortization $ 19,826 $ 23,909 $ 24,990 (a) General and administrative expenses included $ 16.3 million, $ 18.6 million, and $ 21.5 million of amortization for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, which were recorded as a result of our acquisitions. 6. Intangible Assets The following table summarizes intangible assets as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 Gross Gross Carrying Accumulated Net Carrying Carrying Accumulated Net Carrying Amount Amortization Amount Amount Amortization Amount Customer relationships $ 89,980 $ ( 60,347 ) $ 29,633 $ 89,980 $ ( 51,049 ) $ 38,931 Developed technology 21,588 ( 14,456 ) 7,132 21,588 ( 12,529 ) 9,059 Patents, trademarks, and trade names 50,007 ( 34,308 ) 15,699 49,697 ( 29,229 ) 20,468 Backlog 1,150 ( 1,150 ) — 1,150 ( 1,150 ) — 162,725 ( 110,261 ) 52,464 162,415 ( 93,957 ) 68,458 Patents in progress 749 — 749 490 — 490 Total definite-lived intangible assets 163,474 ( 110,261 ) 53,213 162,905 ( 93,957 ) 68,948 Indefinite-lived intangible assets 430 — 430 204 — 204 Total intangible assets $ 163,904 $ ( 110,261 ) $ 53,643 $ 163,109 $ ( 93,957 ) $ 69,152 We amortize intangible assets with determinable lives over a weighted-average period of approximately five years . The weighted-average periods of amortization by intangible asset class is approximately five years for customer relationships, six years for developed technology, and five years for patents, trademarks, and trade names. Amortization expense amounted to $ 16.3 million, $ 18.9 million, and $ 21.6 million for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. The following table represents future expected amortization expense as of April 30, 2021 (in thousands): Fiscal Amount 2022 13,876 2023 11,428 2024 9,689 2025 6,047 2026 4,954 Thereafter 6,470 Total $ 52,464 We did no t record any impairment charges for long-lived intangible assets in the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively, excluding the goodwill impairment charges noted below. F-22 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 7. Goodwill Changes in goodwill are summarized as follows (in thousands): Total Goodwill Balance as of April 30, 2019 $ 163,246 Adjustments ( 2 ) Goodwill impairment ( 98,929 ) Balance as of April 30, 2020 64,315 Goodwill impairment — Balance as of April 30, 2021 $ 64,315 As of April 30, 2021, we have accumulated $ 109.3 million of goodwill impairment charges since fiscal 2015 on gross goodwill of $ 173.6 million. We recorded a $ 98.9 million impairment of goodwill during our fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 as a result of the negative impacts of COVID-19 on our business. We also recorded a $ 10.4 million impairment of goodwill during fiscal 2019 as a result of restructuring our two reporting units into one reporting unit. Refer to Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more details relating to these impairments. We did no t record any impairment charges in fiscal 2021 based on the results of our annual goodwill impairment testing. 8. Accrued Expenses The following table sets forth other accrued expenses as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 Accrued sales allowances $ 2,931 $ 2,441 Accrued freight 2,466 1,646 Accrued commissions 1,578 954 Accrued taxes other than income 1,052 197 Accrued warranty 717 336 Accrued professional fees 701 787 Accrued other 245 540 Accrued employee benefits 153 754 Total accrued expenses $ 9,843 $ 7,655 9. Debt On August 24, 2020, we entered into a new financing arrangement consisting of a $ 50.0 million revolving line of credit secured by substantially all our assets, maturing five years from the closing date, with available borrowings determined by a borrowing base calculation. Based on this calculation, the entire $ 50.0 million was available to us as of April 30, 2021. The revolving line includes an option to increase the credit commitment for an additional $ 15.0 million. The revolving line bears interest at a fluctuating rate equal to the Base Rate or LIBOR, as applicable, plus the applicable margin. If adequate means do not exist for ascertaining LIBOR, any borrowing under the credit facility may be converted into Base Rate Loans. The applicable margin can range from a minimum of 0.75 % to a maximum of 2.25 % based on certain conditions as defined in the credit agreement. The financing arrangement contains covenants relating to minimum debt service coverage. As of April 30, 2021, there were no borrowings under the revolving line of credit. If we would have had borrowings at April 30, 2021, those borrowings would have borne interest at approximately 1.93 %, which is equal to the LIBOR rate plus the applicable margin. We recorded $ 410,000 of debt issuance costs associated with entering into this financing arrangement. These debt issuance costs are included as part of Other assets as presented on the Balance Sheet. 10. Fair Value Measurement We follow the provisions of ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic , or ASC 820-10, for our financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820-10 provides a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. ASC 820-10 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction F-23 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820-10 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Financial assets and liabilities recorded on the accompanying consolidated and combined balance sheets are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows: Level 1 — Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that we have the ability to access at the measurement date (examples include active exchange-traded equity securities, listed derivatives, and most U.S. Government and agency securities). Our cash and cash equivalents, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, totaled $ 60.8 million as of April 30, 2021 and $ 234,000 as of April 30, 2020. Cash and cash equivalents are reported at fair value based on market prices for identical assets in active markets, and therefore classified as Level 1 of the value hierarchy. Level 2 — Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on quoted prices in markets in which trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets. Level 2 inputs include the following: • quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets (such as corporate and municipal bonds which trade infrequently); • inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (such as interest rate and currency swaps); and • inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (such as certain securities and derivatives). Level 3 — Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect our assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability. We currently do no t have any Level 2 or Level 3 financial assets or liabilities as of April 30, 2021. 11. Self-Insurance Reserves Prior to the Separation, we participated in an occurrence-based program based on our current and historical claims experience and the availability and cost of insurance. Following the Separation, we have fully insured programs. While we remain responsible for claims under the former self-insured program, reserves have either been eliminated, or greatly reduced, because of the settlement of prior claims and the immaterial nature that potential future claims will have on the overall financial statements. While we believe these reserves to be adequate, it is possible that the ultimate liabilities will exceed such estimates. The following table summarizes the activity in the workers’ compensation, product liability, and medical/dental reserves in the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands): For the years ended April 30, 2021 2020 Beginning balance $ 403 $ 615 Changes in provisions charged to expense ( 230 ) 1,530 Payments ( 115 ) ( 1,742 ) Ending balance $ 58 $ 403 It is our policy to provide an estimate for loss as a result of expected adverse findings or legal settlements on product liability, and other matters when such losses are probable and are reasonably estimable. It is also our policy to accrue for reasonable estimable legal costs associated with defending such litigation. While such estimates involve a range of possible costs, we determine, in consultation with counsel, the most likely cost within such range on a case-by-case basis. F-24 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 12. Stock-Based Compensation Incentive Stock and Employee Stock Purchase Plans Prior to the Separation, our employees participated in two of our former parent’s sponsored incentive stock plans. All grants made prior to the Separation covering all participants were issued under those plans. Certain of our employees have participated in our former parent’s 2013 Incentive Stock Plan. The following disclosures of stock-based compensation expense recognized by us, prior to the Separation, are based on grants related directly to our employees and an allocation of our former parent’s corporate and shared employee stock-based compensation expenses. Accordingly, the amounts presented are not necessarily indicative of future awards and do not necessarily reflect the results that we would have experienced as an independent company for the periods presented. In connection with the Separation, outstanding and vested awards granted to employees under our former parent’s incentive stock plans were converted into our stock-based awards. Unvested awards held by our employees were converted into our stock-based awards. The ratio used to convert our former parent incentive plan awards was intended to preserve the aggregate intrinsic value of each award immediately after the Separation when compared to the aggregate intrinsic value immediately prior to the Separation. All performance-based restricted share units, or PSUs, outstanding on the Distribution Date were converted to PSUs using payout metrics based on a combination of actual performance through the Distribution Date and the target for the remainder of the performance period. Due to the conversion, we expect to incur $ 711,000 of incremental stock-based compensation expense for our employees to be recognized over the awards' remaining 1.3 year vesting period. Post-Separation, we have a separate stock incentive plan, or the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan, under which we can grant new awards to our employees and directors. The 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan authorizes the issuance of awards covering up to 1,397,510 shares of our common stock. The plan permits the grant of options to acquire common stock, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, or RSUs, performance stock units, or PSUs, stock appreciation rights, bonus stock and awards in lieu of obligations, and dividend equivalents. Our board of directors, or a committee established by our board, administers the incentive plan, selects recipients to whom awards are granted, and determines the grants to be awarded. Stock options granted under the plan are exercisable at a price determined by our board of directors or a committee thereof at the time of grant, but in no event, less than fair market value of our common stock on the date granted. Grants of options may be made to employees and directors without regard to any performance measures. All options issued pursuant to the incentive plan are generally nontransferable and subject to forfeiture. Unless terminated earlier by our Board of Directors, the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan will terminate at the earlier of (1) the tenth anniversary of the effective date of the 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan, or (2) such time as no shares of common stock remain available for issuance under the plan and we have no further rights or obligations with respect to outstanding awards under the plan. The date of grant of an award is deemed to be the date upon which our board of directors or a committee thereof authorizes the granting of such award. Except in specific circumstances, grants generally vest over a period of three or four years and grants of stock options are exercisable for a period of 10 years. The 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan also permits the grant of awards to non-employees. We recognized $ 2.9 million of stock-based compensation expense for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. Of the total stock-based compensation we recognized for the period prior to the Separation, $ 224,000 related to allocations of our former parent’s corporate and shared employee stock-based compensation expense. We recognized $ 850,000 and $ 2.3 million of stock-based compensation expense for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Of the total stock-based compensation recognized by us, $ 607,000 and $ 1.1 million related directly to our employees, and $ 244,000 and $ 1.2 million related to allocations of our former parent’s corporate and shared employee stock-based compensation for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is included in the cost of sales, sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses. We grant RSUs to employees and directors. The awards are made at no cost to the recipient. An RSU represents the right to receive one share of our common stock and does not carry voting or dividend rights. Except in specific circumstances, RSU grants to employees generally vest over a period of four years with one-fourth of the units vesting on each anniversary of the grant date. The aggregate fair value of our RSU grants is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period. Awards that do not vest are forfeited. F-25 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) We grant PSUs to our executive officers and certain employees from time to time. At the time of grant, we calculate the fair value of our PSUs using the Monte-Carlo simulation. We incorporate the following variables into the valuation model: For the Year Ended April 30, 2021 Grant date fair market value American Outdoor Brands, Inc. $ 13.30 Russell 2000 Index $ 1,504.59 Volatility (a) American Outdoor Brands, Inc. 47.54 % Russell 2000 Index 27.70 % Correlation coefficient (b) 0.48 Risk-free interest rate (c) 0.17 % Dividend yield (d) 0 % (a) Expected volatility is calculated based on a peer group over the most recent period that represents the remaining term of the performance period as of the valuation date, or three years . (b) The correlation coefficient utilizes the same historical price data used to develop the volatility assumptions. (c) The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bill, commensurate with the three-year performance period. (d) We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. The PSUs vest, and the fair value of such PSUs will be recognized, over the corresponding three-year performance period. Our PSUs have a maximum aggregate award equal to 200 % of the target unit amount granted. Generally, the number of PSUs that may be earned depends upon the total stockholder return, or TSR, of our common stock compared with the TSR of the Russell 2000 Index, or RUT, over the three-year performance period. For PSUs, our stock must outperform the RUT by 5 % in order for the target award to vest. In addition, there is a cap on the number of shares that can be earned under our PSUs, which is equal to six times the grant-date value of each award. In certain circumstances, the vested awards will be delivered on the first anniversary of the applicable vesting date. A discount rate has been applied to the grant date fair value when determining the amount of compensation expense to be recorded for these RSUs and PSUs. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we granted an aggregate of 166,319 service-based RSUs to executive officers, non-executive officer employees, and directors, and 78,045 PSUs to certain executive officers and employees under our 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we cancelled 2,994 service-based RSUs as a result of the service condition not being met. In connection with the vesting of RSUs, during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, we delivered common stock to employees and directors under our 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan with a total market value of $ 891,000 . During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, our employees were granted an aggregate of 81,416 service-based RSUs, and 44,871 PSUs under our former parent’s 2013 Incentive Stock Plan. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, 37,417 service-based RSUs and 14,400 PSUs were cancelled a result of the service condition not being met. In connection with the vesting of RSUs, during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, our former parent delivered common stock to our employees under our former parent’s 2013 Incentive Stock Plan with a total market value of $ 494,000 . During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019, our employees were granted an aggregate of 64,191 service-based RSUs, and 28,800 PSUs under our former parent’s 2013 Incentive Stock Plan. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019, 11,462 service-based RSUs were cancelled as a result of the service condition not being met. In connection with the vesting of RSUs, during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019, our former parent delivered common stock to our employees under our former parent’s 2013 Incentive Stock Plan with a total market value of $ 519,000 . F-26 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) A summary of activity for unvested RSUs and PSUs under our 2020 Incentive Compensation Plan for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 is as follows: For the Year Ended April 30, 2021 Weighted Total # of Average Restricted Grant Date Stock Units Fair Value RSUs and PSUs outstanding, beginning of period — — Shares granted as a result of conversion and employee transition 237,587 9.23 Awarded 244,364 14.10 Vested ( 51,438 ) 11.89 Forfeited ( 2,994 ) 11.82 RSUs and PSUs outstanding, end of period 427,519 $ 11.67 As of April 30, 2021, there was $ 2.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs and PSUs. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average contractual term of 1.7 years. Post-Separation, our employees participate in our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the ESPP, which authorizes the sale of up to 419,253 shares of our common stock to employees. All options and rights to participate in our ESPP are nontransferable and subject to forfeiture in accordance with our ESPP guidelines. Our current ESPP will be implemented in a series of successive offering periods, each with a maximum duration of 12 months. If the fair market value per share of our common stock on any purchase date is less than the fair market value per share on the start date of a 12-month offering period, then that offering period will automatically terminate, and a new 12-month offering period will begin on the next business day. Each offering period will begin on April 1 or October 1, as applicable, immediately following the end of the previous offering period. Payroll deductions will be on an after-tax basis, in an amount of not less than 1 % and not more than 20 % (or such greater percentage as the committee appointed to administer our ESPP may establish from time to time before the first day of an offering period) of a participant’s compensation on each payroll date. The option exercise price per share will equal 85 % of the lower of the fair market value on the first day of the offering period or the fair market value on the exercise date. The maximum number of shares that a participant may purchase during any purchase period is 2,500 shares, or a total of $ 25,000 in shares, based on the fair market value on the first day of the offering period. Our ESPP will remain in effect until the earliest of (a) the exercise date that participants become entitled to purchase a number of shares greater than the number of reserved shares available for purchase under our ESPP, (b) such date as is determined by our board of directors in its discretion, or (c) the tenth anniversary of the effective date. In the event of certain corporate transactions, each option outstanding under our ESPP will be assumed or an equivalent option will be substituted by the successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation. During fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, 34,947 shares were purchased by our employees under our ESPP. We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the grant-date fair value of the award. We amortize the fair value of the award over the vesting period of the option. Under the ESPP, fair value is determined at the beginning of the purchase period and amortized over the term of each exercise period. The following assumptions were used in valuing ESPP purchases under our ESPP during the year ended April 30, 2021: For the Year Ended April 30, 2021 Risk-free interest rate 0.04% - 0.10% Expected term 6 months - 12 months Expected volatility 52.4% - 60.6% Dividend yield 0 % We estimate expected volatility using historical volatility for the expected term. The fair value of each stock option or ESPP purchase was estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model (using the risk-free interest rate, expected term, expected volatility, and dividend yield variables, as noted in the above table). F-27 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) 13. Employer Sponsored Benefit Plans Contributory Defined Investment Plan — Our employees currently participate in a contributory defined investment plan, subject to service requirements. Under the terms of the plan, e mployees may contribute from 1 % to 30 % of their annual pay and we generally make discretionary matching contributions of up to 50 % of the first 6 % of employee contributions to the plan. We contributed $ 461,000 for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. Prior to the Separation, our employees participated in two contributory defined investment plans sponsored by our former parent, subject to service requirements. For one plan, employees could contribute up to 100 % of their annual pay with no employer matching contributions. For the other plan, e mployees could contribute from 1 % to 30 % of their annual pay and our former parent generally made discretionary matching contributions of up to 50 % of the first 6 % of employee contributions to the plan. We contributed $ 215,000 and $ 384,000 for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Non-Contributory Profit-Sharing Plan — Our employees currently participate in our non-contributory profit-sharing plan upon meeting certain eligibility requirements. Prior to the Separation, our employees participated in a non-contributory profit-sharing plan sponsored by our former parent. Employees become eligible on May 1 following the completion of a full fiscal year of continuous service. Our contributions to the plan are discretionary. For fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019, we contributed $ 1.9 million, $ 217,000 and $ 278,000 , respectively, which has been recorded in general and administrative costs. Contributions are funded after the fiscal year-end. 14. Income Taxes Prior to the Separation, income taxes were calculated as if we file income tax returns on a standalone basis. Our U.S. operations and certain of our non-U.S. operations historically have been included in the tax returns of our former parent or its subsidiaries. We believe the assumptions supporting our allocation and presentation of income taxes on a separate return basis were reasonable. Income tax expense/(benefit) from operations consists of the following (in thousands): For the Year Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 Current: Federal $ 8,356 $ 693 $ 2,833 State 1,085 149 583 Foreign 4 4 5 Total current 9,445 846 3,421 Deferred: Deferred federal ( 3,222 ) ( 11,266 ) ( 2,442 ) Deferred state ( 336 ) ( 1,233 ) ( 245 ) Total deferred ( 3,558 ) ( 12,499 ) ( 2,687 ) Total income tax expense/(benefit) $ 5,887 $ ( 11,653 ) $ 734 The following table presents a reconciliation of the provision for income taxes from operations at statutory rates to the provision (benefit) in the consolidated and combined financial statements (in thousands): For the Year Ended April 30, 2021 2020 2019 Federal income taxes expected at the statutory rate (a) $ 5,101 $ ( 22,649 ) $ ( 1,845 ) State income taxes, less federal income tax benefit 586 ( 1,117 ) 222 Stock compensation ( 83 ) 86 321 Business meals and entertainment 130 18 37 Research and development tax credit ( 288 ) ( 199 ) ( 218 ) Goodwill impairment — 11,741 2,183 Other 441 467 3 Federal tax rate change on deferred taxes — — 31 Total income tax expense/(benefit) $ 5,887 $ ( 11,653 ) $ 734 (a) We had a federal statutory rate of 21 % in fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019. F-28 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Deferred tax assets (liabilities) related to temporary differences are the following (in thousands): April 30, 2021 April 30, 2020 Non-current tax assets (liabilities): Inventories $ 1,241 $ 924 Accrued expenses, including compensation 2,827 1,415 Product liability 6 — Workers' compensation 8 27 Warranty reserve 165 78 Stock-based compensation 592 376 State bonus depreciation 51 43 Property taxes 9 — Property, plant, and equipment ( 1,696 ) ( 1,705 ) Intangible assets 3,500 2,219 Right-of Use assets ( 5,879 ) ( 627 ) Right-of Use lease liabilities 6,152 950 Pension — 19 Other ( 52 ) ( 139 ) Less valuation allowance ( 241 ) — Net deferred tax asset/(liability) — total $ 6,683 $ 3,580 There were no federal or state net operating loss carryforwards or credits as of April 30, 2021 and 2020. As of April 30, 2021, we had $ 241,000 of valuation allowances provided on our deferred tax assets primarily related to IRC Section 162(m) limitations on the deductibility of certain executive compensation. As of April 30, 2020, no valuation allowances were provided on our deferred tax assets. The income tax provisions (benefit) represent effective tax rates of 24.2 %, 10.8 %, and ( 8.4 %) for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. Excluding the impact of the non-cash goodwill impairment charges, our effective tax rate for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 was 17.4 % and 45.6 %, respectively. U.S. income taxes have not been provided on $ 171,000 of undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiary since it is our intention to permanently reinvest such earnings offshore. If the earnings were distributed in the form of dividends, we would not be subject to U.S. tax as a result of the Tax Act but could be subject to foreign income and withholding taxes. Determination of the amount of this unrecognized deferred income tax liability is not practical. At April 30, 2021 and 2020, we did no t have any gross tax-effected unrecognized tax benefits. With limited exception, we are subject to U.S. federal, state, and local, or non-U.S. income tax audits by tax authorities for fiscal years subsequent to April 30, 2017. 15. Commitments and Contingencies Litigation From time to time, we are involved in lawsuits, claims, investigations, and proceedings, including those relating to product liability, intellectual property, commercial relationships, employment issues, and governmental matters, which arise in the ordinary course of business. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020, and 2019, we did not incur any material expenses in defense and administrative costs relative to product liability litigation. In addition, we did not encounter any settlement fees related to product liability cases in those fiscal years. Contracts Employment Agreements — We have employment, severance, and change of control agreements with certain officers and managers. F-29 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Other Agreements — We have distribution agreements with various third parties in the ordinary course of business. Leases The following summarizes our operating leases for office and/or manufacturing space: Location of Lease Expiration Date Wilsonville, Oregon October 31, 2022 Shenzhen, China August 31, 2023 Columbia, Missouri (1) April 30, 2023 Chicopee, Massachusetts May 31, 2025 Columbia, Missouri December 31, 2038 (1) Property is subleased. 16. Segment Reporting We have evaluated our operations under ASC 280-10-50-1 – Segment Reporting and have concluded that we are operating as one segment based on several key factors, including the reporting and review process used by the chief operating decision maker, our Chief Executive Officer, who reviews only consolidated financial information and makes decisions to allocate resources based on those financial statements. We analyze revenue streams in various ways, including class of trade, brands, and customer channels. However, this information does not include a full set of discrete financial information. In addition, although we currently sell our products under 20 distinct brands that are organized into four brand lanes and include specific product sales that have identified revenue streams, these brand lanes are focused almost entirely on product development and marketing activities and do not qualify as separate reporting units under ASC 280-10-50-1. Other sales and customer focused activities, operating activities, and administrative activities are not divided by brand lane and, therefore, expenses related to each brand lane are not accumulated or reviewed individually. Our business is evaluated based upon a number of financial and operating measures, including sales, gross profit and gross margin, operating expenses, and operating margin. Our business includes our outdoor products and accessories products, which we develop, source, market, and distribute from our facility in Columbia, Missouri, and our electro-optics products, which we assemble in our Wilsonville, Oregon facility. We report operating costs based on the activities performed. 17. Related Party Transactions Prior to the Separation, the combined financial statements were prepared on a standalone basis and were derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of our former parent, our former Parent. The following discussion summarizes activity between us and the former Parent prior to the Separation on August 24, 2020 (and its affiliates that are not part of the Separation). Allocation of General Corporate Expenses Prior to the Separation, the combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss) included expenses for certain centralized functions and other programs provided and administered by our former parent that were charged directly to us. In addition, for purposes of preparing these combined financial statements on a carve-out basis, we have allocated a portion of the former Parent total corporate and selling, marketing, and distribution expenses to us. See Note 1 – Background and Basis of Presentation for a discussion of the methodology used to allocate corporate-related costs and selling, marketing, and distribution expenses for purposes of preparing these financial statements on a carve-out basis. F-30 AMERICAN OUTDOOR BRANDS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued) Related Party Sales and Purchases For the period prior to the Separation in fiscal year 2021, our sales to our former parent totaled $ 2.4 million during our fiscal year 2021, which are included in net sales in the combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss). Our sales to our former parent totaled $ 15.1 million and $ 17.5 million for the fiscal years 2020 and 2019, respectively. Our cost of goods sold included an immaterial amount for items purchased from our former parent for the fiscal year 2021. As of April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, there was an immaterial amount, $ 435,000 and $ 521,000 , respectively, of inventories purchased from the former Parent that remain on our consolidated and combined balance sheet. Net Transfers To and From our former parent Prior to the Separation, our former parent utilized a centralized approach to cash management and financing its operations. Disbursements were made through centralized accounts payable systems, which were operated by our former parent. Cash receipts were transferred to centralized accounts, which were also maintained by our former parent. As cash was received and disbursed by our former parent, it was accounted for by us through the former parent company investment. Certain related party transactions between us and our former parent have been included within the former parent company investment in the combined balance sheets in the historical periods presented. All notes to and from our former parent were settled in connection with the Separation. As of April 30, 2020, the former parent company investment included related party receivables due from our former parent of $ 85.0 million. The interest income and expense related to the activity with our former parent that was historically included in our results prior to the Separation is presented on a net basis in the combined statements of operations and comprehensive income/(loss). Interest income on the activity with our former parent was $ 424,000 during the first four months of our fiscal year 2021 and prior to the Separation and $ 5.0 million and $ 5.2 million for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The total effect of the settlement of these related party transactions is reflected as a financing activity in the consolidated and combined statements of cash flows. On August 24, 2020, our former parent capitalized our company with $ 25.0 million of cash as part of the Separation. F-31