Accenture plc 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 25 Revenues for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 decreased 1% in U.S. dollars and increased 1% in local currency compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023. During the third quarter of fiscal 2024, revenue growth in local currency was very strong in Growth Markets and slight in North America, partially offset by a modest decline in EMEA. We experienced local currency revenue growth that was very strong in Health & Public Service and modest in Resources and Products, partially offset by a decline in Financial Services and a slight decline in Communications, Media & Technology. Revenue growth in local currency was solid in managed services, partially offset by a slight decline in consulting. The business environment is competitive, and we continue to experience lower pricing across the business. We define pricing as contract profitability or margin on the work that we sell. In our consulting business, revenues for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 decreased 3% in U.S. dollars and 1% in local currency compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023. The decline in consulting revenue in local currency for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was driven by a decline in EMEA, partially offset by solid growth in Growth Markets and modest growth in North America. Our consulting revenue continues to be driven by helping our clients accelerate their digital transformation, including moving to the cloud, embedding security across the enterprise and adopting new technologies. In addition, clients continue to be focused on initiatives designed to deliver cost savings and operational efficiency, as well as projects to accelerate growth and improve customer experiences. While we continue to experience demand for these services, we are seeing a slower pace and level of client spending, especially for smaller contracts with a shorter duration. In our managed services business, revenues for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 increased 2% in U.S. dollars and 4% in local currency compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Managed services revenue growth in local currency for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was driven by very strong growth in Growth Markets, modest growth in EMEA and slight growth in North America. We continue to experience growing demand to assist clients with application modernization and maintenance, cloud enablement and cybersecurity-as-a-service. In addition, clients continue to be focused on transforming their operations through technology, data and AI, and leveraging our digital platforms and talent to drive productivity and operational cost savings. As we are a global company, our revenues are denominated in multiple currencies and may be significantly affected by currency exchange rate fluctuations. While a significant portion of our revenues are in U.S. dollars, the majority of our revenues are denominated in other currencies, including the Euro, Japanese yen and U.K. pound. There continues to be volatility in foreign currency exchange rates. Unfavorable fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates have had and could in the future have a material effect on our financial results. If the U.S. dollar weakens against other currencies, resulting in favorable currency translation, our revenues, revenue growth and results of operations in U.S. dollars may be higher. If the U.S. dollar strengthens against other currencies, resulting in unfavorable currency translation, our revenues, revenue growth and results of operations in U.S. dollars may be lower. The U.S. dollar strengthened against various currencies during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023, resulting in unfavorable currency translation and U.S. dollar revenue growth that was approximately 2% lower than our revenue growth in local currency. There was minimal currency translation impact for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Assuming that exchange rates stay within recent ranges for the remainder of fiscal 2024, we estimate that our full fiscal 2024 revenue growth in U.S. dollars will be approximately 0.7% lower than our revenue growth in local currency. People Metrics Utilization Workforce Annualized Voluntary Attrition 92% 750,000+ 14% compared to 91% in the third quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to approximately 732,000 as of May 31, 2023 compared to 13% in the third quarter of fiscal 2023 Utilization for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was 92%, compared to 91% in the third quarter of fiscal 2023. We hire to meet current and projected future demand. We proactively plan and manage the size and composition of our workforce and take actions as needed to address changes in the anticipated demand for our services and solutions, given that compensation costs are the most significant portion of our operating expenses. Our workforce, the majority of which serves our clients, increased to approximately 750,000 as of May 31, 2024, compared to approximately 732,000 as of May 31, 2023. The year-over-year increase in our workforce reflects people added in connection with acquisitions and hiring for specific skills. For the third quarter of fiscal 2024, annualized attrition, excluding involuntary terminations, was 14%, up from 13% in the third quarter of fiscal 2023. We evaluate voluntary attrition, adjust levels of new hiring and use involuntary terminations as a means to keep our supply of skills and resources in balance with changes in client demand. Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 26 In addition, we adjust compensation to provide market relevant pay based on the skills of our people and locations where we operate. We also consider a variety of factors, including the macroeconomic environment, in making our decisions around pay and benefits. We strive to adjust pricing as well as drive cost and delivery efficiencies, such as changing the mix of people and utilizing technology, to reduce the impact of compensation increases on our margin and contract profitability. Our ability to grow our revenues and maintain or increase our margin could be adversely affected if we are unable to: match people and skills with the types or amounts of services and solutions clients are demanding; recover or offset increases in compensation; deploy our employees globally on a timely basis; manage attrition; and/or effectively assimilate new employees. New Bookings Three Months Ended Percent Increase (Decrease) U.S. Dollars Percent Increase (Decrease) Local Currency Nine Months Ended Percent Increase (Decrease) U.S. Dollars Percent Increase (Decrease) Local Currency (in billions of U.S. dollars) May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 Consulting $ 9.3 $ 8.9 4 % 8 % $ 28.4 $ 27.7 3 % 4 % Managed Services 11.8 8.3 42 46 32.7 27.9 17 18 Total New Bookings $ 21.1 $ 17.2 22 % 26 % $ 61.1 $ 55.6 10 % 11 % We provide information regarding our new bookings, which include new contracts, including those acquired through acquisitions, as well as renewals, extensions and changes to existing contracts, because we believe doing so provides useful trend information regarding changes in the volume of our new business over time. New bookings can vary significantly quarter to quarter depending in part on the timing of the signing of a small number of large managed services contracts. The types of services and solutions clients are demanding and the pace and level of their spending may impact the conversion of new bookings to revenues. For example, managed services bookings, which are typically for multi-year contracts, generally convert to revenue over a longer period of time compared to consulting bookings. Information regarding our new bookings is not comparable to, nor should it be substituted for, an analysis of our revenues over time. New bookings involve estimates and judgments. There are no third-party standards or requirements governing the calculation of bookings. We do not update our new bookings for material subsequent terminations or reductions related to bookings originally recorded in prior fiscal years. New bookings are recorded using then-existing foreign currency exchange rates and are not subsequently adjusted for foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. The majority of our contracts are terminable by the client on short notice with little or no termination penalties, and some without notice. Only the non-cancelable portion of these contracts is included in our remaining performance obligations disclosed in Note 2 (Revenues) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Accordingly, a significant portion of what we consider contract bookings is not included in our remaining performance obligations. Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 27 Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended May 31, 2024 Compared to the Three and Nine Months Ended May 31, 2023 Revenues Revenues by geographic market, industry group and type of work are as follows: Three Months Ended Percent Increase (Decrease) U.S. Dollars Percent Increase (Decrease) Local Currency Nine Months Ended Percent Increase (Decrease) U.S. Dollars Percent Increase (Decrease) Local Currency (in millions of U.S. dollars) May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 Geographic Markets North America $ 7,834 $ 7,721 1 % 1 % $ 22,774 $ 22,742 — % — % EMEA (1) 5,777 5,872 (2) (2) 17,179 16,740 3 (1) Growth Markets (1) 2,856 2,972 (4) 8 8,538 8,645 (1) 6 Total $ 16,467 $ 16,565 (1) % 1 % $ 48,491 $ 48,127 1 % 1 % Industry Groups Communications, Media & Technology $ 2,763 $ 2,880 (4) % (1) % $ 8,087 $ 8,745 (8) % (6) % Financial Services 2,895 3,138 (8) (5) 8,737 9,104 (4) (4) Health & Public Service 3,515 3,266 8 9 10,227 9,290 10 10 Products 4,983 4,968 — 2 14,605 14,353 2 1 Resources 2,310 2,311 — 3 6,835 6,634 3 4 Total $ 16,467 $ 16,565 (1) % 1 % $ 48,491 $ 48,127 1 % 1 % Type of Work Consulting $ 8,457 $ 8,693 (3) % (1) % $ 24,935 $ 25,416 (2) % (2) % Managed Services 8,010 7,872 2 4 23,556 22,710 4 4 Total $ 16,467 $ 16,565 (1) % 1 % $ 48,491 $ 48,127 1 % 1 % Amounts in table may not total due to rounding. (1) Effective September 1, 2023, we revised the reporting of our geographic markets for the movement of our Middle East and Africa market units from Growth Markets to Europe, and the Europe market is now referred to as our EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) geographic market. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. Geographic Markets The following revenues commentary discusses the primary drivers of local currency revenue changes by geographic market for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2024 compared to the three and nine months ended May 31, 2023: North America • Three Months. Revenues increased 1% in local currency, led by growth in Public Service, partially offset by a decline in Banking & Capital Markets. Revenue growth was driven by the United States. • Nine Months. Revenues were flat in local currency, as growth in Public Service was offset by declines in Banking & Capital Markets, Software & Platforms, and Communications & Media. EMEA • Three Months. Revenues decreased 2% in local currency, due to declines in Banking & Capital Markets and Communications & Media, partially offset by growth in Public Service. The decline in revenues was driven by France, partially offset by revenue growth in Italy. • Nine Months. Revenues decreased 1% in local currency, due to declines in Communications & Media and Banking & Capital Markets, partially offset by growth in Public Service. The decline in revenues was driven by the United Kingdom and France, partially offset by revenue growth in Italy. Growth Markets • Three Months. Revenues increased 8% in local currency, led by growth in Banking & Capital Markets and Industrial. Revenue growth was driven by Argentina and Japan, partially offset by a decline in Australia. Argentina revenues grew in local currency primarily due to hyperinflation. Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 28 • Nine Months. Revenues increased 6% in local currency, led by growth in Banking & Capital Markets, Chemicals & Natural Resources and Industrial. Revenue growth was driven by Japan and Argentina, partially offset by declines in Australia and Brazil. Argentina revenues grew in local currency due to hyperinflation, but declined slightly in U.S. dollars . Operating Expenses Operating expenses for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 decreased $369 million, or 3%, compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 84.0% from 85.8% during this period. Operating expenses for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 increased $19 million compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2023, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 85.1% from 85.7% during this period. The primary categories of operating expenses include Cost of services, Sales and marketing and General and administrative costs. Cost of services is primarily driven by the cost of people serving our clients, which consists mainly of compensation, subcontractor and other payroll costs, and non-payroll costs such as facilities, technology and travel. Cost of services includes a variety of activities such as: contract delivery; recruiting and training; software development; and integration of acquisitions. Sales and marketing costs are driven primarily by compensation costs for business development activities; marketing- and advertising-related activities; and certain acquisition-related costs. General and administrative costs primarily include costs for people that are non-client-facing, information systems, office space and certain acquisition-related costs. Operating expenses by category are as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (in millions of U.S. dollars) May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 Increase (Decrease) May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 Increase (Decrease) Operating Expenses $ 13,836 84.0 % $ 14,205 85.8 % $ (369) $ 41,248 85.1 % $ 41,230 85.7 % $ 19 Cost of services 10,968 66.6 11,036 66.6 (67) 32,666 67.4 32,577 67.7 89 Sales and marketing 1,750 10.6 1,739 10.5 12 5,091 10.5 4,852 10.1 239 General and administrative costs 1,040 6.3 1,084 6.5 (44) 3,159 6.5 3,210 6.7 (51) Business optimization costs 77 0.5 347 2.1 (269) 332 0.7 591 1.2 (259) Amounts in table may not total due to rounding. Cost of Services Cost of services for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 decreased $67 million, or 1%, from the third quarter of fiscal 2023, and remained flat as a percentage of revenues at 66.6% during this period. Gross margin for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 remained flat as a percentage of revenues at 33.4% compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023 as lower labor costs were offset by higher non-payroll costs, primarily for travel. Cost of services for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 increased $89 million over the nine months ended May 31, 2023, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 67.4% from 67.7% during this period. Gross margin for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 increased to 32.6% compared to 32.3% during the nine months ended May 31, 2023. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to lower labor costs, partially offset by higher non-payroll costs, primarily for travel compared to the same period in fiscal 2023. Sales and Marketing Sales and marketing expense for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 increased $12 million, or 1%, over the third quarter of fiscal 2023, and increased as a percentage of revenues to 10.6% compared to 10.5% during this period. Sales and marketing expense for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 increased $239 million, or 5%, over the nine months ended May 31, 2023, and increased as a percentage of revenues to 10.5% compared to 10.1% during this period. The increase as a percentage of revenues for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 was due to higher selling and other business development costs compared to the same period in fiscal 2023. General and Administrative Costs General and administrative costs for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 decreased $44 million, or 4%, from the third quarter of fiscal 2023, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 6.3% from 6.5% during this period. General and administrative costs for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 decreased $51 million, or 2%, from the nine months ended May 31, 2023, and decreased as a percentage of revenues to 6.5% from 6.7% during this period. Business Optimization Costs During the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and 2023, we recorded business optimization costs of $77 million and $347 million, respectively, primarily for employee severance. During the nine months ended May 31, 2024 and 2023, we recorded business optimization costs of $332 million and $591 million, respectively, primarily for employee severance. For additional information, see Note 1 (Basis of Presentation) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 29 Non-GAAP Financial Measures We have presented operating income, operating margin, effective tax rate and diluted earnings per share on a non-GAAP or "adjusted" basis exclu ding the business optimization costs recorded in fiscal 2024 and fiscal 2023, and, with respect to effective tax rate and diluted earnings per share, the impact of an investment gain recorded in fiscal 2023, as we believe doing so facilitates understanding as to the impact of these items and our performance in comparison to the prior periods. While we believe that this non-GAAP financial information is useful in evaluating our operations, this information should be considered as supplemental in nature and not as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Operating Income and Operating Margin Operating income and operating margin for each of the geographic markets are as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 (in millions of U.S. dollars) Operating Income Operating Margin Operating Income Operating Margin Increase (Decrease) Operating Income Operating Margin Operating Income Operating Margin Increase (Decrease) North America $ 1,365 17 % $ 1,241 16 % $ 124 $ 3,682 16 % $ 3,375 15 % $ 307 EMEA (1) 750 13 670 11 80 2,102 12 2,013 12 90 Growth Markets (1) 516 18 448 15 68 1,458 17 1,509 17 (52) Total $ 2,631 16.0 % $ 2,359 14.2 % $ 272 $ 7,242 14.9 % $ 6,897 14.3 % $ 345 Amounts in table may not total due to rounding. (1) Effective September 1, 2023, we revised the reporting of our geographic markets for the movement of our Middle East and Africa market units from Growth Markets to Europe, and the Europe market is now referred to as our EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) geographic market. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. Operating income for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 increased $272 million, or 12%, compared with the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Operating margin for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was 16.0%, compared with 14.2% for the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Operating income for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 increased $345 million, or 5%, compared with the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Operating margin for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 was 14.9%, compared with 14.3% for the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Geographic Markets We estimate that the aggregate percentage impact of foreign currency exchange rates on our operating income during the three and nine months ended May 31, 2024 was similar to that disclosed for revenue for each geographic market. The commentary below provides insight into other factors affecting geographic market performance and operating income, including the impact of foreign currency exchange rates where significant, for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2024 compared with the three and nine months ended May 31, 2023: North America • Three Months. Operatin g income increased primarily due to lower business optimization costs and lower labor costs, partially offset by a decline in consulting contract profitability and higher acquisition-related costs. • Nine Months. Operating i ncome increased primarily due to lower business optimization costs and lower labor costs, partially offset by a decline in consulting contract profitability and higher acquisition-related costs . EMEA • Three Months. Operatin g income increased primarily due to lower business optimization costs and lower labor costs, partially offset by declines in consulting contract profitability and consulting revenues in local currency . • Nine Months. Operating incom e increased primarily due to the positive impact of foreign currency exchange rates which resulted in an increase in U.S. dollar revenues, and lower labor costs, partially offset by declines in consulting revenues in local currency and consulting contract profitability . Growth Markets • Three Months. Opera ting income increased primarily due to lower business optimization costs and revenue growth in local currency, partially offset by the negative impact of foreign currency exchange rates which resulted in a decline in U.S. dollar revenues. • Nine Months. Operating income decreased as revenue growth in local currency and lower business optimization costs were more than offset by lower contract profitability and the negative impact of foreign currency exchange rates which resulted in a decline in U.S. dollar revenues. Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 30 Operating Income and Operating Margin Excluding Business Optimization Costs (Non-GAAP) The business optimization costs reduced operating margin for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and 2023 by 40 and 210 basis points, respectively . Adjusted operating margin for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 increased 10 basis points to 16.4% compared with the third quarter of fiscal 2023. The business optimization costs reduced operating margin for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 and 2023 by 70 and 130 basis points, respectively. Adjusted op erating margin for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 remained flat at 15.6% compared with the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Three Months Ended May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 (in millions of U.S. dollars) Operating Income (GAAP) Business Optimization (1) Operating Income (Non-GAAP) Operating Margin (Non-GAAP) Operating Income (GAAP) Business Optimization (1) Operating Income (Non-GAAP) Operating Margin (Non-GAAP) Increase (Decrease) North America $ 1,365 $ (4) $ 1,361 17 % $ 1,241 $ 96 $ 1,338 17 % $ 24 EMEA (2) 750 75 825 14 670 167 838 14 (13) Growth Markets (2) 516 6 522 18 448 83 531 18 (9) Total $ 2,631 $ 77 $ 2,708 16.4 % $ 2,359 $ 347 $ 2,706 16.3 % $ 2 Nine Months Ended May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 (in millions of U.S. dollars) Operating Income (GAAP) Business Optimization (1) Operating Income (Non-GAAP) Operating Margin (Non-GAAP) Operating Income (GAAP) Business Optimization (1) Operating Income (Non-GAAP) Operating Margin (Non-GAAP) Increase (Decrease) North America $ 3,682 $ 47 $ 3,729 16 % $ 3,375 $ 273 $ 3,648 16 % $ 81 EMEA (2) 2,102 231 2,334 14 2,013 208 2,221 13 113 Growth Markets (2) 1,458 54 1,512 18 1,509 110 1,619 19 (107) Total $ 7,242 $ 332 $ 7,575 15.6 % $ 6,897 $ 591 $ 7,488 15.6 % $ 86 Amounts in tables may not total due to rounding. (1) Costs recorded in connection with our business optimization initiatives, primarily for employee severance. (2) Effective September 1, 2023, we revised the reporting of our geographic markets for the movement of our Middle East and Africa market units from Growth Markets to Europe, and the Europe market is now referred to as our EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) geographic market. Prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current period presentation. Interest Income Interest income for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was $54 million, a decrease of $28 million from the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Interest income for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 was $221 million, an increase of $44 million over the nine months ended May 31, 2023. The decrease for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was primarily due to lower cash balances compared to the third quarter of fiscal 2023. The increase for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 was primarily due to higher interest rates compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Other Income (Expense), net Other income (expense), net primarily consists of foreign currency gains and losses, non-operating components of pension expense, as well as gains and losses associated with our investments. During the three and nine months ended May 31, 2024, Other income (expense), net decreased $221 million and $197 million from the three and nine months ended May 31, 2023, respectively, primarily due to lower gains on investments. Income Tax Expense The effective tax rates for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and 2023 were 25.4% and 22.2%, respectively. The higher effective tax rate for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was primarily due to the tax impact in the prior year from an investment gain and higher expense from adjustments to prior year tax liabilities. The effective tax rates for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 and 2023 were 22.6% and 22.1%, respectively. The higher effective tax rate for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 was primarily due to the tax impact in the prior year from an investment gain. Income Tax Expense Excluding Business Optimization Costs and Investment Gain (Non-GAAP) Excluding the business optimization costs of $77 million and related reduction in tax expense of $24 million, our adjusted effective tax rate was 25.5% for the third quarter of fiscal 2024. Excluding the business optimization costs of $347 million and related reduction in tax expense of $80 million, and the investment gain of $253 million and related tax expense of $9 million , our adjusted effective tax rate was 24.0% for the third quarter of fiscal 2023 . Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 31 Excluding the business optimization costs of $332 million and related reduction in tax expense of $86 million, our adjusted effective tax rate was 22.8% for the nine months ended May 31, 2024 . Excluding the business optimization costs of $591 million and related reduction in tax expense of $132 million, and the investment gain of $253 million and related tax expense of $9 million , our adjusted effective tax rate was 22.7% for the nine months ended May 31, 2023 . Earnings Per Share Diluted earnings per share were $3.04 for the third quarter of fiscal 2024, compared with $3.15 for the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Diluted earnings per share were $8.77 for the nine months ended May 31, 2024, compared with $8.62 for the nine months ended May 31, 2023. For information regarding our earnings per share calculations, see Note 3 (Earnings Per Share) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Earnings Per Share Excluding Business Optimization Costs and Investment Gain (Non-GAAP) The business optimization costs of $54 million, net of related taxes, decreased diluted earnings per share by $0.08 for the third quarter of fiscal 2024. Adjusted diluted earnings per share were $3.13 for the third quarter of fiscal 2024. The business optimization costs of $267 million, net of related taxes, decreased diluted earnings per share by $0.42 and the investment gain of $244 million, net of related taxes, increased diluted earnings per share by $0.38 for the third quarter of fiscal 2023. Adjusted diluted earnings per share were $3.19 for the third quarter of fiscal 2023. The business optimization costs of $247 million, net of related taxes, decreased diluted earnings per share by $0.39 for the nine months ended May 31, 2024. Adjusted diluted earnings per share were $9.16 for the nine months ended May 31, 2024. The business optimization costs of $459 million, net of related taxes, decreased diluted earnings per share by $0.72 and the investment gain of $244 million, net of related taxes, increased diluted earnings per share by $0.38 for the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Adjusted diluted earnings per share were $8.96 for the nine months ended May 31, 2023. Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended May 31, 2024 As Reported $ 3.04 $ 8.77 Business optimization costs 0.12 0.52 Tax effect of business optimization costs (1) (0.04) (0.13) May 31, 2024 As Adjusted $ 3.13 $ 9.16 May 31, 2023 As Reported $ 3.15 $ 8.62 Business optimization costs 0.54 0.93 Gain on an investment (0.40) (0.40) Tax effect of business optimization costs and gain on an investment (1) (0.11) (0.19) May 31, 2023 As Adjusted $ 3.19 $ 8.96 Amounts in table may not total due to rounding. (1) The income tax effect of business optimization costs and gain on an investment include both the current and deferred income tax impact and was calculated by using the relevant tax rate of the country where the adjustments were recorded. Changes in adjusted diluted earnings per share were due to the following factors: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended May 31, 2023 As Adjusted $ 3.19 $ 8.96 Non-operating income — 0.11 Operating results — 0.10 Lower share count 0.02 0.03 Effective tax rate (0.07) (0.01) Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (0.01) (0.03) May 31, 2024 As Adjusted $ 3.13 $ 9.16 Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 32 Liquidity and Capital Resources As of May 31, 2024, Cash and cash equivalents was $5.5 billion, compared with $9.0 billion as of August 31, 2023. Cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities, as reflected in our Consolidated Cash Flows Statements, are summarized in the following table: Nine Months Ended (in millions of U.S. dollars) May 31, 2024 May 31, 2023 Change Net cash provided by (used in): Operating activities $ 5,742 $ 6,115 $ (373) Investing activities (5,515) (1,255) (4,259) Financing activities (3,635) (4,165) 530 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (100) (49) (51) Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ (3,508) $ 646 $ (4,153) Amounts in table may not total due to rounding. Operating activities: The $373 million decrease in operating cash flows was primarily due to changes in operating assets and liabilities, partially offset by higher net income. Investing activities: The $4,259 million increase in cash used was primarily due to higher spending on business acquisitions. For additional information, see Note 5 (Business Combinations) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Financing activities: The $530 million increase in financing cash flows was primarily due to net proceeds from borrowings, partially offset by increases in the net purchases of shares and cash dividends paid. For additional information, see Note 7 (Shareholders’ Equity) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” We believe that our current and longer-term working capital, investments and other general corporate funding requirements will be satisfied for the next twelve months and thereafter through cash flows from operations and, to the extent necessary, from our borrowing facilities and future financial market activities. Substantially all of our cash is held in jurisdictions where there are no regulatory restrictions or material tax effects on the free flow of funds. Domestic cash inflows for our Irish parent, principally dividend distributions from lower-tier subsidiaries, have been sufficient to meet our historic cash requirements, and we expect this to continue into the future. Borrowing Facilities For information about borrowing facilities, see Note 9 (Borrowings and Indebtedness) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Share Purchases and Redemptions The Board of Directors of Accenture plc has authorized funding for our publicly announced open-market share purchase program for acquiring Accenture plc Class A ordinary shares and for purchases and redemptions of Accenture plc Class A ordinary shares and Accenture Canada Holdings Inc. exchangeable shares held by current and former members of Accenture Leadership and their permitted transferees. Our share purchase activity during the nine months ended May 31, 2024 is as follows: Accenture plc Class A Ordinary Shares Accenture Canada Holdings Inc. Exchangeable Shares (in millions of U.S. dollars, except share amounts) Shares Amount Shares Amount Open-market share purchases (1) 9,753,499 $ 3,175 — $ — Other share purchase programs — — 46,752 15 Other purchases (2) 2,087,331 706 — — Total 11,840,830 $ 3,881 46,752 $ 15 (1) We conduct a publicly announced open-market share purchase program for Accenture plc Class A ordinary shares. These shares are held as treasury shares by Accenture plc and may be utilized to provide for select employee benefits, such as equity awards to our employees. (2) During the nine months ended May 31, 2024, as authorized under our various employee equity share plans, we acquired Accenture plc Class A ordinary shares primarily via share withholding for payroll tax obligations due from employees and former employees in connection with the delivery of Accenture plc Class A ordinary shares under those plans. These purchases of shares in connection with employee share plans do not affect our aggregate available authorization for our publicly announced open-market share purchase and the other share purchase programs. Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 33 We intend to continue to use a significant portion of cash generated from operations for share repurchases during the remainder of fiscal 2024. The number of shares ultimately repurchased under our open-market share purchase program may vary depending on numerous factors, including, without limitation, share price and other market conditions, our ongoing capital allocation planning, the levels of cash and debt balances, other demands for cash, such as acquisition activity, general economic and/or business conditions, and board and management discretion. Additionally, as these factors may change over the course of the year, the amount of share repurchase activity during any particular period cannot be predicted and may fluctuate from time to time. Share repurchases may be made from time to time through open-market purchases, in respect of purchases and redemptions of Accenture Canada Holdings Inc. exchangeable shares, through the use of Rule 10b5-1 plans and/or by other means. The repurchase program may be accelerated, suspended, delayed or discontinued at any time, without notice. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements In the normal course of business and in conjunction with some client engagements, we have entered into contractual arrangements through which we may be obligated to indemnify clients with respect to certain matters. To date, we have not been required to make any significant payment under any of the arrangements described above. For further discussion of these transactions, see Note 11 (Commitments and Contingencies) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Significant Accounting Policies See Note 1 (Basis of Presentation) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 1, “Financial Statements.” Table of Contents ACCENTURE FORM 10-Q Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 34