Upland Software, Inc. 10-Q

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk We have operations both within the United States and internationally, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include interest rate, foreign exchange and inflation risks, as well as risks relating to changes in the general economic conditions in the countries where we conduct business. Any impact on our statement of operations is mitigated by having an offsetting liability in deferred revenue to partially or completely offset against the outstanding receivable if an account should become uncollectible. Our cash balances are kept in customary operating accounts, a portion of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and uninsured money market accounts. We have not used, nor do we intend to use, derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. Interest Rate Risk Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates primarily relates to our cash equivalents and variable rate indebtedness. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. This objective is accomplished currently by making diversified investments, consisting only of money market mutual funds and FDIC insured institutional liquid deposit accounts. Our Credit Agreement bears interest at the secured overnight financing rate, which shall not be less than 1.50%, plus a margin of 6.00% per annum (with step downs and a potential step up at specified leverage levels). We have an interest rate cap to limit the interest rate risk exposure and effectively cap the secured overnight financing rate on $120 million of our outstanding debt at 4.5 %. As of September 30, 2025, we had an outstanding balance of $240.0 million under our Credit Agreement that matures in July 2031. Based on our outstanding balance of variable rate debt at September 30, 2025, a hypothetical change of 100 basis points could have resulted in a $0.6 million increase to total interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Foreign Currency Exchange Risk Our customers are generally invoiced in the currency of the country in which they are located. In addition to the United States dollar, we incur a portion of our operating expenses in foreign currencies, including Australian dollars, Canadian dollars, Indian Rupees, British pounds, Euros, and Israeli New Shekels and in the future as we expand into other foreign countries, we expect to incur operating expenses in other foreign currencies. As a result, we are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations as the financial results of our international operations and our revenue and operating results could be adversely affected. The effect of a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business could have resulted in a change in revenue of $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. We have not previously engaged in any currency hedging strategies. If we decide to hedge our foreign currency exchange rate exposure, we may not be able to hedge effectively due to lack of experience, unreasonable costs, or illiquid markets. As our international operations grow, we will continue to reassess our approach to manage our risk relating to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The non-financial assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. The related translation adjustments are recorded in a separate component of stockholders' deficit in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). In addition, we have intercompany loans that were historically used to fund the acquisition of foreign subsidiaries. Due to the long-term nature of these loans, the foreign currency gains (losses) resulting from remeasurement are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). 36 Table of Contents