SKINVISIBLE, INC. 10-K

Item 1. Business Company Overview We, through our wholly owned subsidiary Skinvisible Pharmaceuticals Inc., are a pharmaceutical research and development (“R&D”) company that has developed and patented an innovative polymer delivery system, Invisicare® and formulated over forty topical skin products, which we out-license globally. We were incorporated in 1998 and target an estimated $80 billion global skincare and dermatology market and a $30 billion global over-the-counter market as well as other healthcare / medical and consumer goods markets. We are also exploring new opportunities in large medical markets outside of the dermatology market such as obesity and other potential markets where a topical or transdermal solution would be a viable alternative. With the research and development complete on forty products and numerous patents issued (technology and product patents), we are ready to monetize our investment. Our business model will continue to be to out-license our patented prescription and over-the-counter (“OTC”) products featuring Invisicare to established manufacturers and marketers of brands internationally and to maximize profits from the products we have already out-licensed. The opportunity for us to license our products continues to be a viable model as the need for pharmaceutical companies to access external R&D companies for new products due to their own downsizing or elimination of internal R&D departments. The demand for our products is enhanced due to the granting of key US and international patents and the completed development of a number of unique products. Our Flagship Product Pivotal to our success is our patented polymer delivery system technology Invisicare. Invisicare is a patented polymer delivery system that enhances the delivery of active ingredients for topically applied skin care products. Its patented technology has a unique formula and process for combining active ingredients with a delivery system that extends the duration of time the product remains on the skin and active. Invisicare is specifically formulated to carry water insoluble active and certain cationic active ingredients in water-based products without the use of alcohol, silicones, waxes, or other organic solvents. Products utilizing Invisicare have the proven ability to bond active ingredients to the skin for up to four hours and longer. They are non-occlusive and allow normal skin respiration and perspiration while moisturizing and protecting against exposure from a wide variety of environmental irritants. When topically applied, these formulated products adhere to the skin's outer layers, forming a protective bond, resisting wash-off, and delivering targeted levels of therapeutic or cosmetic skincare agents to the skin. They allow enhanced delivery performance for a variety of skincare agents resulting in improved efficacy, longer duration of action, reduced irritation and lower dosage of active agent required. The "invisible" polymer compositions wear off as part of the natural exfoliation process of the skin's outer layer cells. 3 Table of Contents The advantage of products formulated with Invisicare is (1) Invisicare’s ability to bind active ingredients (the drug) to the skin, forming a protective bond on the skin, for extended periods of time; (2) Invisicare can deliver targeted levels (high or low) of therapeutic or cosmetic ingredients to the skin in a controlled release; (3) Invisicare can help to reduce the irritation of some active ingredients due to how it controls the slower release of that active ingredient; and (4) Invisicare science proves that it provides a protective skin barrier which helps retain the natural moisture content of the skin, while still allowing it to breathe. These benefits present an excellent opportunity for clear scientific advantages and marketing messages which resonate with physicians and consumers. We generate revenue by: • LICENSING : We develop topical prescription and over-the-counter products enhanced with Invisicare to license to pharmaceutical and consumer goods companies around the world for an upfront fee and ongoing royalties. • CO-DEVELOPMENT : We assist pharmaceutical clients in the early development of the most optimal formulation, which they then take forward into clinical testing. • LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT : We provide cost-effective solutions to global pharmaceutical companies by reformulating their products coming off patent with a new Invisicare patent and new product benefits and line extensions. Pharmaceutical companies are under a lot of pressure to develop innovative strategies to counteract the revenue loss from their drugs coming off patent. License Agreement with Quoin On October 17, 2019, we entered an Exclusive License Agreement with Quoin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Quoin”) pursuant to which we granted Quoin a license to certain patents for the development of products for commercial sale. In exchange for the license, Quoin paid us a license fee of one million USD dollars (USD $1,000,000) (the “License Fee”) and will additionally pay a single digit royalty interest of all net sales on the licensed products subject to adjustment in certain situations. The agreement also requires that Quoin make a milestone payment of $5 million to us upon achieving the first to occur of either FDA or European Union regulatory approval for one product licensed. In addition, and upon the successful approval in the US or European Union, whichever occurs first, Skinvisible is entitled to receive a single digit royalty percentage of Quoins net sales revenues for any licensed product covered by the patent rights licensed under the License Agreement. Plus, Quoin also agreed to pay Skinvisible 25% of any revenues they receive as royalties in the event that they sublicense any licensed products to a third party. On June 6, 2022, the Company announced that its licensee Quoin and its product QRX003, was the first Invisicare delivery technology product to receive U.S. FDA Acceptance of Investigational New Drug Application and that Quoin was actively working towards obtaining necessary FDA and other regulatory approvals for marketing the product in the United States and other countries. On February 14, 2024, the Company announced that there was significant progress in Quoin's clinical trials for product formulations containing Invisicare targeting Netherton Syndrome. The trials focus on the innovative formulation "QRX003," powered by Skinvisible’s Invisicare® proprietary drug delivery technology. The updates include: • Positive Initial Data and Clean Safety Profile: The trials have demonstrated positive initial data and a clean safety profile, leading to the implementation of an optimization plan. • Optimization Plan Implementation: Quoin has increased the size of both clinical trials significantly and adjusted dosing frequency to twice-daily from once-daily for both trials. • Elimination of Lower Dose: In the blinded trial, a lower dose has been eliminated based on the positive outcomes observed. • Protocol Amendment s: Quoin's press release highlights protocol amendments aimed at enhancing the data set and potentially expediting regulatory approval. 4 Table of Contents We believe these protocol amendments could ultimately result in the generation of a highly compelling data set, which could support regulatory filings and approval for QRX003 as the first treatment for Netherton Syndrome. On March 4, 2024, Quoin announced a further milestone: it received FDA Clearance to recruit teen subjects into both ongoing Netherton Syndrome clinical studies. We believe this announcement is important as: • Clearance to include teen patients in both Quoin’s open label and placebo-controlled studies are expected to significantly expand the number of eligible subjects, potentially expedite recruitment and lead to a more robust data set. • This development represents the first ever inclusion of non-adult subjects in Netherton Syndrome clinical studies conducted under an open Investigational New Drug Application. • It is believed that the inclusion of this patient population in Quoin’s studies will be a critical component of the development of a robust data set that could result in regulatory approval with a broad label as QRX003 is being tested both as monotherapy and in conjunction with off-label treatments. On June 27, 2024, Quoin announced an International Expansion of ongoing clinical trials for Netherton Syndrome in Saudia Arabia. The site is currently treating Netherton patients who are eligible for recruitment into Quoin studies. On October 22, 2024, Quoin announced further International Expansion of ongoing clinical trials for Netherton Syndrome with two additional clinical sites to be opened in the United Kingdom where both sites are recognized Centers of Excellence for Netherton Syndrome in the UK. On November 5, 2024, Quoin Pharmaceuticals initiated clinical testing of its lead product in a pediatric Netherton Syndrome patient. This clinical assessment is being performed on a pediatric patient at children’s health Ireland in Dublin; the first evaluation of QRX003, powered by Skinvisible’s Invisicare technology, in a pediatric patient. On December 19, 2024, Quoin Pharmaceuticals announced FDA clearance to initiate a new additional Netherton Syndrome (NS) clinical study for QRX003. The company further announced that the study will be conducted by Dr. Amy Paller, of Northwestern University. It is planned that up to eight subjects will be enrolled into the study and will have QRX003 applied twice daily to greater than 80% of their entire body surface area (BSA) over a 12-week period. By comparison, in Quoin’s ongoing open-label and double-blind clinical studies, QRX003 is applied to approximately 20% of the subject’s BSA, typically the arms and lower leg. This new study, designed to mimic how NS patients will use QRX003 if approved, represents the most extensive use of QRX003 in a clinical setting to date. It is anticipated that the data generated from this study will be used to supplement the data package to support the potential regulatory approval of QRX003 as a treatment for NS. Quoin also announced other key developments, including: • Significant clinical improvements in both open label and pediatric studies including subject's disease classification improved from "severe" to "mild" after 6 weeks dosing; • No adverse events or safety concerns reported to date from each of Quoin's ongoing clinical studies in Netherton Syndrome subjects; and • License of Netherton Syndrome product QRX003 with Invisicare delivery technology in 60 countries. License Agreement with Ovation Science On February 3, 2020, we entered into a License Agreement with Ovation Science Inc. pursuant to which Skinvisible granted to Ovation Science Inc. a license for the manufacture and distribution rights to its hand sanitizer product, DermSafe. In exchange for the license, Ovation Science Inc. agreed to pay to Skinvisible a royalty percentage on all net sales on the licensed products subject to adjustment in certain situations plus a license fee payable in year 3 of the agreement if it chooses to continue the license. On June 10, 2020, Ovation Science paid us the fee otherwise due in year 3 and in exchange we extended the term of Ovation Science’s license to 6-years and granted Ovation additional rights to its hand sanitizer products and assigned Canadian Identification Numbers 02310589 and 02355558, all DermSafe Trademarks, DermSafe clinical data and the right to patent DermSafe where not currently patented. In exchange for these rights, Ovation Science paid a $100,000 license fee. We completed the required assignments during the year ending December 31, 2020 and recognized $100,000 in revenue. 5 Table of Contents Patent Applications for Transdermal Delivery for Obesity and Glucose-Controlling Agents In May and June of 2024, we filed provisional patent applications covering formulations that leverage Invisicare for the transdermal administration of obesity drugs and glucose-controlling agents for diseases such as diabetes. The patents are titled "Transdermal Delivery Composition for Delivery of CB-1 Receptor Antagonists and/or GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, and Method of Delivery” and “Transdermal Delivery Composition for Delivery of at Least One Glucose Controlling Agent, and Method of Delivering at Least One Glucose Controlling Agent.” The patent applications focus on the use of Invisicare in a transdermal delivery technology designed to incorporate CB-1 receptor antagonists and/or GPL-1 receptor agonists, with drugs known for their potential in obesity management and for glucose-controlling agents, into a lotion that is applied topically to the skin using a metered applicator. Studies have demonstrated the superior transdermal penetration and controlled release of other active compounds using Invisicare's innovative technology, with certain actives exhibiting up to a tenfold increase in transdermal delivery effectiveness. By utilizing Invisicare, we aim to not only offer patients a convenient and effective alternative to traditional oral or injectable therapies but to also enhance drug efficacy and potentially significantly reduce side effects as transdermal delivery avoids first-pass metabolism. Additionally, for long-term treatment of obesity and glucose controlling agents, a transdermal delivery system could feasibly provide a convenient method for administering maintenance doses for these medications. We are actively pursuing strategic partnerships with pharmaceutical and/or biotech companies to facilitate the introduction of the first transdermal obesity therapies to market and to explore the application of its delivery platform across diverse disease domains. Competition Market research indicates there is reasonably limited direct competition for Invisicare and patented products in terms of performance capabilities for topically administered skin products. Many companies are seeking unique delivery systems to enhance their portfolio and purchasing companies that have delivery technology. Nevertheless, our current and potential competitors may have longer operating histories, significantly greater resources and name recognition, and a larger base of customers than we have. Our competitors may also be able to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and devote greater resources to the development, marketing and sale of their products and services than we can. To be competitive, we must continue to invest significant resources in sales and marketing. We may not have sufficient resources to make these investments or to develop the technological advances necessary to be competitive, which in turn will cause our business to suffer and restrict our profitability potential. Government Regulation Cosmetic and Skin Care Regulation Depending upon product claims and formulation, skin care products may be regulated as cosmetics, drugs, devices, or combination cosmetics and drugs. The FDA has authority to regulate cosmetics marketed in the United States under the FDCA and the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (“FPLA”) and implementing regulations. The Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) regulates the advertising of cosmetics under the FTCA. The FDCA prohibits the marketing of adulterated and misbranded cosmetics. Cosmetic ingredients must also comply with the FDA’s ingredient, quality, and labeling requirements and the FTC’s requirements pertaining to truthful and non-misleading advertising. Cosmetic products and ingredients, except for color additives, are not required to have FDA premarket approval. Manufacturers of cosmetics are also not required to register their establishments, file data on ingredients, or report cosmetic-related injuries to the FDA. We will be responsible for substantiating the safety and product claims of the cosmetic products and ingredients before marketing. The FDA or FTC may disagree with our characterization of one or more of the skin care products as a cosmetic or the product claims. This could result in a variety of enforcement actions which could require the reformulation or relabeling of our products, the submission of information in support of the product claims or the safety and effectiveness of our products, or more punitive action, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. If the FDA determines we have failed to comply with applicable requirements under the FDCA or FPLA, it can impose a variety of enforcement actions from public warning letters, injunctions, consent decrees, and civil penalties to seizure of our products, total or partial shutdown of our production, and criminal prosecutions. If any of these events were to occur, it could materially adversely affect us. If the FTC determines we have failed to substantiate our claims, it can pursue a variety of actions including disgorgement of profits, injunction from further violative conduct, and consent decrees. 6 Table of Contents Domestic State and Local Government Regulation Some states and local governments in the United States regulate the labeling, operation, sale, and distribution of our skin care products. To the extent additional state or local laws apply, we intend to comply with them. Foreign Government Regulation In general, we will need to comply with the government regulations of each individual country in which our products are to be distributed and sold. These regulations vary in complexity and can be as stringent, and on occasion even more stringent, than FDA regulations in the United States. The level of complexity and stringency is not always precisely understood today for each country, creating greater uncertainty for the international regulatory process. Furthermore, government regulations can change with little to no notice and may result in up-regulation of our product(s), thereby creating a greater regulatory burden for us. We have not yet thoroughly explored the applicable laws and regulations that we will need to comply with in foreign jurisdictions. As a result, it is possible that we may not be permitted to sell our products in foreign markets or expand our business into one or more foreign jurisdictions. Environmental Laws We are not subject to any significant or material environmental regulation in the normal operation of our business. Employees Currently, we have two employees, including our Director and CEO Terry Howlett. Subsidiaries We conduct our operations through our wholly owned subsidiary, Skinvisible Pharmaceuticals, Inc.