GEORGE RISK INDUSTRIES, INC. 10-K

Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Index to Financial Statements George Risk Industries, Inc. Page Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-2 Balance Sheets—April 30, 2024 and 2023 F-4 Income Statements For the Years Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 F-6 Statements of Comprehensive Income For the Years Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 F-7 Statements of Stockholders’ Equity For the Years Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 F-8 Statements of Cash Flows For the Years Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 F-10 Notes to Financial Statements F-11 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of George Risk Industries, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of George Risk Industries, Inc. (the Company) as of April 30, 2024 and 2023, and the related statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended April 30, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of April 30, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended April 30, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. Critical Audit Matter – Inventory Valuation Critical Audit Matter Description The Company manufactures its inventory, which involves the capture of direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs to inventory instead of as an expense when valuing work-in-process and finished goods inventory. This process involves complex calculations based on employee hours worked on manufacturing inventory, and the amount of overhead that will be captured is based on management’s subjective judgements. These judgements can have a significant impact on the Company’s reported assets and earnings if they should prove to be significantly inaccurate. F- 2 How the Critical Audit Matter was Addressed in the Audit Our principal procedures related to the Company’s valuation of work-in-process and finished goods inventory included the following: ● We evaluated management’s significant accounting policies related to the valuation of manufactured inventory, including the methodology of how manufactured overhead is applied to inventory. ● We tested the direct labor applied to a sample of work-in-process and finished goods inventory items by agreeing employees’ applied costs to their pay rates per their human resources file maintained by the company. ● We tested the application of manufacturing overhead to a sample of work-in-process and finished goods inventory by recalculating the overhead we would expect to be applied based on the company’s standard overhead rate and the number of direct labor hours applied to the inventory. Critical Audit Matter – Valuation of Investments Critical Audit Matter Description The company has investments in publicly traded equity securities, state and municipal debt securities, REITS, and money markets and they are recorded at fair value. Some of these investments are Level 2 investments and can be hard to value. In addition, as the securities are held at fair value, management must assess securities that are in a significant unrealized loss position for other than temporary impairment. For these securities, management must make difficult and subjective judgments about the ability of the issuer to be able to meet its obligations under terms of the security. These judgments can have a significant impact on the Company’s reported earnings if they should prove to be significantly inaccurate. How the Critical Audit Matter was Addressed in the Audit Our principal procedures related to the Company’s process for debt securities valuations as well as the process for equity securities other than temporary impairment evaluation included are the following: ● We evaluated management’s significant accounting policies related to the identification of other than temporary impairment. ● Valuation specialists, with specialized skills and knowledge, were involved in the assessment of the fair values for a sample of Level 2 investments. ● We performed testing over a sample of securities to determine if conclusions reached by management regarding other than temporary impairment were appropriate. Haynie and Company We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1992. Salt Lake City, UT Firm ID 457 July 30, 2024 F- 3 George Risk Industries, Inc. Balance Sheets As of April 30, 2024 and 2023 2024 2023 ASSETS Current Assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 7,112,000 $ 4,943,000 Investments and securities 34,488,000 31,363,000 Accounts receivable: Trade, net of allowance for credit losses of $ 34,256 and $ 17,922 for 2024 and 2023, respectively 3,903,000 3,503,000 Other 66,000 59,000 Income tax overpayment — 403,000 Inventories, net 11,558,000 11,443,000 Prepaid expenses 315,000 651,000 Total Current Assets 57,442,000 52,365,000 Property and Equipment, at cost, net 2,003,000 1,997,000 Other Assets Investment in Limited Land Partnership, at cost 294,000 344,000 Projects in process 13,000 83,000 Other — 13,000 Total Other Assets 307,000 440,000 Intangible Assets, net 1,028,000 1,149,000 TOTAL ASSETS $ 60,780,000 $ 55,951,000 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 4 George Risk Industries, Inc. Balance Sheets (Continued) As of April 30, 2024 and 2023 2024 2023 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current Liabilities Accounts payable, trade $ 291,000 $ 546,000 Dividends payable 2,853,000 2,565,000 Deferred income 23,000 43,000 Accrued expenses 483,000 421,000 Income tax payable 105,000 — Total Current Liabilities 3,755,000 3,575,000 Long-Term Liabilities Deferred income taxes 2,388,000 1,727,000 Total Long-Term Liabilities 2,388,000 1,727,000 Total Liabilities 6,143,000 5,302,000 Commitments and Contingencies — — Stockholders’ Equity Convertible preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, Series 1—noncumulative, $ 20 stated value, 25,000 shares authorized, 4,100 issued and outstanding 99,000 99,000 Common stock, Class A, $. 10 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 8,502,881 shares issued and outstanding 850,000 850,000 Additional paid-in capital 1,934,000 1,934,000 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ( 137,000 ) ( 161,000 ) Retained earnings 56,836,000 52,481,000 Less: treasury stock, 3,606,151 and 3,572,338 shares, at cost ( 4,945,000 ) ( 4,554,000 ) Total Stockholders’ Equity 54,637,000 50,649,000 TOTAL LIABILITES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 60,780,000 $ 55,951,000 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 5 George Risk Industries, Inc. Income Statements For the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 Year ended Year ended April 30, 2024 April 30, 2023 Net Sales $ 21,767,000 $ 19,979,000 Less: Cost of Goods Sold ( 10,926,000 ) ( 10,605,000 ) Gross Profit 10,841,000 9,374,000 Operating Expenses: General and Administrative 1,492,000 1,380,000 Selling 2,958,000 2,836,000 Engineering 102,000 98,000 Total Operating Expenses 4,552,000 4,314,000 Income From Operations 6,289,000 5,060,000 Other Income (Expense) Other Income 37,000 6,000 Impairment on Investment in Limited Land Partnership ( 38,000 ) — Dividend and Interest Income 1,116,000 1,068,000 Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Equity Securities 2,771,000 ( 31,000 ) Gain (Loss) on Sale of Investment 148,000 ( 291,000 ) Gain on Sale of Assets — 3,000 Total Other Income (Expense) 4,034,000 755,000 Income Before Provisions for Income Taxes 10,323,000 5,815,000 Provisions for Income Taxes Current Expense 2,115,000 1,226,000 Deferred tax expense (benefit) 650,000 ( 168,000 ) Total Income Tax Expense 2,765,000 1,058,000 Net Income $ 7,558,000 $ 4,757,000 Earnings Per Share of Common Stock Basic $ 1.54 $ 0.96 Diluted $ 1.53 $ 0.96 Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding (Basic) 4,913,676 4,930,835 Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding (Diluted) 4,934,176 4,951,335 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 6 George Risk Industries, Inc. Statements of Comprehensive Income For the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 Year ended Year ended April 30, 2024 April 30, 2023 Net Income $ 7,558,000 $ 4,757,000 Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax Unrealized gain (loss) on debt securities: Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during period 34,000 ( 33,000 ) Income tax benefit (expense) related to other comprehensive income ( 10,000 ) 9,000 Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) 24,000 ( 24,000 ) Comprehensive Income $ 7,582,000 $ 4,733,000 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 7 George Risk Industries, Inc. Statements of Stockholders’ Equity For the Years Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 Shares Amount Shares Amount Preferred Stock Common Stock Class A Shares Amount Shares Amount Balances, April 30, 2022 4,100 $ 99,000 8,502,881 $ 850,000 Prior period adjustment for provisions related to depreciation — — — — Purchases of common stock — — — — Dividend declared at $ 0.60 per common share outstanding — — — — Unrealized gain (loss), net of tax effect — — — — Net Income — — — — Balances, April 30, 2023 4,100 99,000 8,502,881 850,000 Purchases of common stock — — — — Dividend declared at $ 0.65 per common share outstanding — — — — Unrealized gain (loss), net of tax effect — — — — Net Income — — — — Balance, April 30, 2024 4,100 $ 99,000 8,502,881 $ 850,000 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 8 George Risk Industries, Inc. Statements of Stockholders’ Equity For the Years Ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 Capital Shares Amount Income Earnings Total Treasury Stock (Common Class A) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Paid-In Capital Shares Amount Retained Earnings Total Balances, April 30, 2022 $ 1,934,000 3,571,693 $ ( 4,547,000 ) $ ( 137,000 ) $ 50,843,000 $ 49,042,000 Prior period adjustment for provisions related to depreciation — — — — ( 161,000 ) ( 161,000 ) Purchases of common stock — 645 ( 7,000 ) — — ( 7,000 ) Dividend declared at $ 0.60 per common share outstanding — — — — ( 2,958,000 ) ( 2,958,000 ) Unrealized gain (loss), net of tax effect — — — ( 24,000 ) — ( 24,000 ) Net Income — — — — 4,757,000 4,757,000 Balance, April 30, 2023 1,934,000 3,572,338 ( 4,554,000 ) ( 161,000 ) 52,481,000 50,649,000 Balance 1,934,000 3,572,338 ( 4,554,000 ) ( 161,000 ) 52,481,000 50,649,000 Purchases of common stock — 33,813 ( 391,000 ) — — ( 391,000 ) Dividend declared at $ 0.65 per common share outstanding — — — — ( 3,203,000 ) ( 3,203,000 ) Dividend declared per common share outstanding — — — — ( 3,203,000 ) ( 3,203,000 ) Unrealized gain (loss), net of tax effect — — — 24,000 — 24,000 Net Income — — — — 7,558,000 7,558,000 Balance, April 30, 2024 $ 1,934,000 3,606,151 $ ( 4,945,000 ) $ ( 137,000 ) $ 56,836,000 $ 54,637,000 Balance $ 1,934,000 3,606,151 $ ( 4,945,000 ) $ ( 137,000 ) $ 56,836,000 $ 54,637,000 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 9 George Risk Industries, Inc. Statements of Cash Flows Year ended Year ended April 30, 2024 April 30, 2023 Cash Flows From Operating Activities: Net Income $ 7,558,000 $ 4,757,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 487,000 445,000 Realized (gain) loss on sale of investments ( 170,000 ) 224,000 Impairment on investments 22,000 67,000 Unrealized (gain) loss on equity securities ( 2,771,000 ) 31,000 Impairment on investment in limited land partnership 38,000 — Provision for credit losses on accounts receivable 16,000 ( 16,000 ) Reserve for obsolete inventory ( 21,000 ) 100,000 (Gain) on sale of assets — ( 3,000 ) Deferred income taxes 650,000 ( 167,000 ) Changes in assets and liabilities: (Increase) decrease in: Accounts receivable ( 417,000 ) 627,000 Inventories ( 93,000 ) ( 3,604,000 ) Prepaid expenses 418,000 761,000 Other receivables ( 7,000 ) ( 43,000 ) Income tax overpayment — ( 680,000 ) Increase (decrease) in: Accounts payable ( 254,000 ) 226,000 Accrued expenses 41,000 111,000 Income tax payable 508,000 — Net cash from operating activities 6,005,000 2,836,000 Cash Flows From Investing Activities: Proceeds from sale of assets 8,000 12,000 (Purchase) of property and equipment ( 378,000 ) ( 548,000 ) Proceeds from sale of marketable securities 527,000 25,000 (Purchase) of marketable securities ( 699,000 ) ( 764,000 ) Distribution from investment in limited land partnership 12,000 — Net cash from investing activities ( 530,000 ) ( 1,275,000 ) Cash Flows From Financing Activities: (Purchase) of treasury stock ( 391,000 ) ( 7,000 ) Dividends paid ( 2,915,000 ) ( 2,689,000 ) Net cash from financing activities ( 3,306,000 ) ( 2,696,000 ) Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents 2,169,000 ( 1,135,000 ) Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of year 4,943,000 6,078,000 Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of year $ 7,112,000 $ 4,943,000 Supplemental Disclosure for Cash Flow Information: Cash payments for: Income taxes paid $ 1,485,000 $ 2,070,000 Interest expense — — Cash receipts for: Income taxes $ 57,000 $ 176,000 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F- 10 George Risk Industries, Inc. Notes to Financial Statements April 30, 2024 1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , continued George Risk Industries, Inc. (GRI or the Company) was incorporated in 1967 in Colorado. The Company is presently engaged in the design, manufacture, and sale of custom computer keyboards, proximity switches, security alarm components and systems, pool access alarms, EZ Duct wire covers, water sensors, electronic switching devices, high security switches, and wire and cable installation tools. Nature of Business — The Company is engaged in the design, manufacture, and marketing of custom computer keyboards, proximity sensors, security alarm components, pool access alarms, liquid detection sensors, raceway wire covers, wire and cable installation tools and various other sensors and devices. Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, the balances of which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company continually monitors its banking relationships and consequently has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Estimated Credit Losses — Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company sells its products to security alarm distributors, alarm installers, and original equipment manufacturers. The Company extends credit to its customers based on their credit worthiness and performs continuing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. If the Company believes the extension of credit is not advisable, other payment methods such as prepayments are required. Balances deemed uncollectible by the Company are written off against our allowance for credit loss accounts. The Company maintains an allowance for estimated credit losses related to accounts receivable for future expected credit losses resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments. We estimate our allowance for credit losses based on relevant information such as historical experience, current conditions, and future expectation of specifically identified customer balances. This allowance is adjusted as appropriate to reflect current conditions. The Company has recorded an allowance for estimated credit losses of $ 34,256 for the year ended April 30, 2024, and $ 17,922 for the year ended April 30, 2023. For the year ended April 30, 2024, the provision for credit losses on accounts receivable was an expense of $ 16,334 compared to a provision of $ 17,171 for the year ended April 30, 2023. Concentrations of Credit Risk — The Company has a limited number of customers with individually substantial amounts due at any given date. Any unanticipated change in any one of these customers’ credit worthiness or other matters affecting the collectability of amounts due from such customers could have a material effect on the results of operations in the period in which such changes or events occur. Inventories — Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realized value. Cost is determined using the average cost-pricing method. The Company uses actual costs to price its manufactured inventories, approximating average costs. F- 11 1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, continued Property and Equipment — Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated based on the following estimated useful lives using the straight-line method: Schedule of Property and Equipment Classification Useful Life in Years 2024 Cost 2023 Cost Dies, jigs, and molds 3 – 7 $ 1,871,000 $ 1,871,000 Machinery and equipment 5 – 10 2,832,000 2,632,000 Furniture and fixtures 5 – 10 222,000 222,000 Improvements 5 – 32 638,000 605,000 Buildings 20 – 39 1,151,000 1,151,000 Automotive 3 – 5 131,000 126,000 Software 2 – 5 425,000 425,000 Land N/A 80,000 80,000 Property and equipment, gross 7,350,000 7,112,000 Accumulated depreciation ( 5,347,000 ) ( 5,115,000 ) Property and equipment, net $ 2,003,000 $ 1,997,000 Depreciation expense of $ 366,000 and $ 323,000 was charged to operations for the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, and expenditures for major improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the property accounts are relieved of costs and accumulated depreciation and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Investment in Limited Land Partnership (LLP) — In November 2002, the Company purchased 6.67% of a prime 22-acre land parcel for development in Winter Park-Grand County, CO for investment purposes for a total of $ 200,000 . Over the years, there has been a total of $ 144,000 of additional contributions to aid in improvements and recurring expenses such as debt service, utilities, taxes, maintenance, insurance, and professional fees. The goal of the investment was to hold the property for resale(s) in 2 - 5 years, but many efforts to sell the property did not materialize for many years. Fortunately, the sale finally happened on June 30, 2023. Disbursement of the sale proceeds are contingent on finishing wetland restoration of the land, but the LLP made a distribution of the net proceeds in January 2024 in the amount of $ 12,000 . Upon receiving information from the LLP management team, additional details about the contingent ongoing expenses were given to GRI and it has been determined that there is a $ 38,000 impairment on this investment, which has been accounted for during the year ended April 30, 2024. Subsequently, an additional distribution of the net proceeds from the sale of the LLP in the amount of $ 255,000 was paid to GRI in July 2024. Intangible Assets — Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, unless it is determined their lives to be indefinite. The intangible asset currently being amortized is intellectual property with a useful life of 15 years. As of April 30, 2024, the Company had $ 1,028,000 of net intangible assets, compared to net intangible assets of $ 1,149,000 as of April 30, 2023. Amortization expense was $ 121,000 and $ 122,000 for the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. F- 12 1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, continued As of April 30, 2024, future amortization of intangible assets is expected as follows: Schedule of Future Amortization of Intangible Assets Fiscal year end Amortization amount 2025 $ 121,000 2026 $ 121,000 2027 $ 121,000 2028 $ 121,000 2029 $ 121,000 Thereafter $ 423,000 Total $ 1,028,000 Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share — The Company computes earnings per share in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260-10-45 Earnings per Share, which requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share on the face of the statement of income. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares during the period. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive earnings per share exclude all potential common shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. Advertising — Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in selling expenses. Advertising expense amounted to $ 116,000 and $ 105,000 for the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Income Taxes — Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the future consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. Measurement of the deferred tax items is based on enacted tax laws. In the event the future consequences of differences between financial reporting bases and tax bases of the Company’s assets or liabilities result in a deferred tax asset, we evaluate the probability of realizing the future benefits comprising that asset and record a valuation allowance if considered necessary. Accounting standards prescribe a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of the positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. A “more likely than not” tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than a fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement, or else a full reserve is established against the tax asset or a liability is recorded. The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) may generally access additional income tax records for the most recent three years. This would generally prevent the IRS from opening an examination for years ending on or before April 30, 2020. However, there are exceptions that can extend the statute of limitations to six years, and in some cases, prevent the statute of limitations from ever expiring. Interest and penalties accrued on uncertain tax positions are recorded as income tax expense. F- 13 1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, continued It has been determined that the Company does not have uncertain tax positions on its tax returns for the years 2023, 2022, and prior. Based on evaluation of the 2024 transactions and events, the Company does not have any material uncertain tax positions that require measurement. Accounting Estimates — The preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions including the carrying value of assets. The estimates and assumptions result in approximate rather than exact amounts. Fair Value of Financial Instruments — Certain financial instruments are required to be recorded at fair value. Changes in assumptions or estimation methods could affect the fair value estimates; however, we do not believe any such changes would have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Other financial instruments, including cash equivalents, certain investments and short-term debt, are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value. The fair values of long-term debt and financial instruments are disclosed in Note 11. Investments — The accounting policies for the Company’s principal investments are as follows: Debt Securities and Equity Securities: Effective May 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 “Financial Instruments-Overall (ASC Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”. As a result, the Company measures its equity securities at fair value and recognizes any changes in fair value in net income. Prior to adoption, equity securities were designated as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized capital gains (losses) recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”). The Company’s debt securities are currently designated as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value and unrealized capital gains (losses) on these securities are recorded directly in AOCI and presented, net of related changes, in deferred income taxes. Purchases and sales of debt securities and equity securities are recorded on the trade date. Investment gains and losses on sales of securities are generally determined on a first-in-first-out (“FIFO”) basis. The Company evaluates all marketable securities for other-than temporary declines in fair value, which are defined as when the cost basis exceeds the fair value for approximately one year. The Company also evaluates the nature of the investment, cause of impairment and number of investments that are in an unrealized position. When an “other-than-temporary” decline is identified, the Company will decrease the cost of the marketable security to the new fair value and recognize a real loss. The investments are periodically evaluated to determine if impairment changes are required. Revenue Recognition —The Company accounts for revenue using the guidance provided by ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The Company recognizes product revenue using a five-step approach to determine the amount and timing of revenue to be recognized. The five-step approach requires (1) identifying the contract with the customer, (2) identifying the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determining the transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognizing revenue when performance obligations are satisfied. The Company recognizes revenue for product sales upon transfer of title to the customer. Customer purchase orders and/or contracts are generally used to determine the existence of an arrangement. Shipping documents and the completion of any customer acceptance requirements, when applicable, are used to verify product delivery or that services have been rendered. The Company assesses whether a price is fixed or determinable based upon the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. Payments received from customers in advance of product shipment or revenue recognition are treated as deferred revenues and recognized when the product is shipped. F- 14 1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, continued Variable Consideration — The Company measures revenue as the amount of consideration for which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods. Certain customers may receive cash and/or non-cash incentives such as cash rebates, customer discounts (such as volume or trade discounts), which are accounted for as variable consideration. In some cases, the Company must apply judgment, including contractual rates and historical payment trends, when estimating variable consideration. Product Returns — In the normal course of business, the Company may allow customers to return products per the provisions in a sale agreement. Estimated product returns are recorded as a reduction in reported revenues with offsetting entries recorded in the balance sheet quarterly based upon historical product return experience, adjusted for known trends, to arrive at the amount of consideration expected to receive. Product Warranties — In the normal course of business, the Company offers warranties for a variety of its products. The specific terms and conditions of the warranties vary depending upon the specific product and markets in which the products were sold. The Company accrues for the estimated cost of product warranty at the time of sale based on historical experience. Shipping and Handling Costs — The Company considers all shipping and handling to be fulfillment activities and not a separate performance obligation. Shipping and handling costs are recorded as cost of sales. Research and Development Costs — Generally, costs related to the research, design, and development of products are charged to engineering expense as incurred. Certain research and development costs are recognized under assets in the balance sheet. Comprehensive Income — US GAAP requires disclosure of total non-stockholder changes in equity in interim periods and additional disclosures of the components of non-stockholder changes in equity on an annual basis. Total non-stockholder changes in equity include all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from fiscal investments by and distributions to stockholders. Segment Reporting and Related Information — The Company designates the internal organization that is used by management for allocating resources and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. US GAAP also requires disclosures about products and services, geographic area and major customers. At April 30, 2024, the Company operated in three segments organized by security line products, cable and wiring tools (Labor Saving Devices - LSDI) products, and all other products. See Note 9 for further segment information disclosures. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements — In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures . The new guidance is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments are effective retrospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption of this ASU will have to the financial statements and related disclosures, which is not expected to be material. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Tax Disclosures (Topic 740) , to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this new accounting guidance on its Consolidated Financial Statements. F- 15 1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, continued Subsequent Events – Other than those discussed at the Investment in Limited Land Partnership section of this note, Management has evaluated all events or transactions that occurred after April 30, 2024 through the date of the filing. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events. 2. Inventories Inventories at April 30, 2024 and 2023, consisted of the following: Schedule of Inventories 2024 2023 Raw materials $ 10,130,000 $ 9,886,000 Work in process 753,000 678,000 Finished goods 1,042,000 1,267,000 Inventory, gross 11,925,000 11,831,000 Less: allowance for obsolete inventory ( 367,000 ) ( 388,000 ) Inventories, net $ 11,558,000 $ 11,443,000 F- 16 3. Investments The Company has investments in publicly traded equity securities, state and municipal debt securities, REITs, and money markets and they are recorded at fair value. The investments in debt securities, which include municipal bonds and bond funds, mature between July 2024 and July 2041. The Company uses the average cost method to determine the cost of equity securities sold with any unrealized gains or losses reported in the respective period’s earnings. Dividend and interest income are reported as earned. As of April 30, 2024 and 2023, investments consisted of the following: Schedule of Investments Gross Gross Investments at Cost Unrealized Unrealized Reported April 30, 2024 Basis Gains Losses Value Municipal bonds $ 7,057,000 $ 28,000 $ ( 100,000 ) $ 6,985,000 REITs $ 74,000 $ - $ ( 8,000 ) $ 66,000 Equity securities $ 17,408,000 $ 9,303,000 $ ( 209,000 ) $ 26,502,000 Money Markets and CDs $ 935,000 $ - $ - $ 935,000 Total $ 25,474,000 $ 9,331,000 $ ( 317,000 ) $ 34,488,000 Gross Gross Investments at Cost Unrealized Unrealized Reported April 30, 2023 Basis Gains Losses Value Municipal bonds $ 5,396,000 $ 46,000 $ ( 230,000 ) $ 5,212,000 REITs $ 93,000 $ - $ ( 22,000 ) $ 71,000 Equity securities $ 18,605,000 $ 6,915,000 $ ( 501,000 ) $ 25,019,000 Money Markets and CDs $ 1,060,000 $ 1,000 $ - $ 1,061,000 Total $ 25,154,000 $ 6,962,000 $ ( 753,000 ) $ 31,363,000 Marketable securities that are classified as equity securities are carried at fair value on the balance sheets with changes in fair value recorded as an unrealized gain or (loss) in the statements of income in the period of the change. Upon the disposition of a marketable security, the Company records a realized gain or (loss) on the Company’s statements of income. The Company evaluates all investments for other-than temporary declines in fair value, which are defined as when the cost basis exceeds the fair value for approximately one year. The Company also evaluates the nature of the investment, cause of impairment and number of investments that are in an unrealized position. When other than a temporary decline is identified, the Company will decrease the cost of the investment to the new fair value and recognize a loss. The investments are periodically evaluated to determine if impairment changes are required. As a result of this standard, management recorded impairment losses of $ 22,000 and $ 67,000 for the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company’s investments are actively traded in the stock and bond markets. Therefore, there is either a realized gain or loss that is recorded when a sale happens. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024, the Company had sales of equity securities which yielded gross realized gains of $ 789,000 and gross realized losses of $ 613,000 . For the same period, there were not any sales of debt securities for gross realized gains, but sales of debt securities yielded gross realized losses of $ 28,000 . Comparatively, the Company recorded gross realized gains on equity securities of $ 512,000 and gross realized losses of $ 740,000 for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2023. As for debt securities, there were not any sales of debt securities for gross realized gains, but sales of debt securities yielded gross realized losses of $ 63,000 for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2023. The gross realized loss numbers include the impaired figures listed in the previous paragraph. Additionally, proceeds from sales of securities available for sale were $ 527,000 and $ 25,000 for the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 respectively. F- 17 3. Investments, continued The following table shows the investments with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of April 30, 2024 and 2023. Schedule of Unrealized Loss Breakdown by Investment Type Unrealized Loss Breakdown by Investment Type as of April 30, 2024 Schedule of Unrealized Loss Breakdown by Investment Type Description Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Less than 12 months 12 months or greater Total Description Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Municipal bonds $ 5,897,000 $ ( 20,000 ) $ 773,000 $ ( 80,000 ) $ 6,670,000 $ ( 100,000 ) REITs $ — $ — $ 66,000 $ ( 8,000 ) $ 66,000 $ ( 8,000 ) Equity securities $ 2,255,000 $ ( 72,000 ) $ 766,000 $ ( 137,000 ) $ 3,021,000 $ ( 209,000 ) Total $ 8,152,000 $ ( 92,000 ) $ 1,605,000 $ ( 225,000 ) $ 9,757,000 $ ( 317,000 ) Unrealized Loss Breakdown by Investment Type as of April 30, 2023 Description Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Less than 12 months 12 months or greater Total Description Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Municipal bonds $ 868,000 $ ( 6,000 ) $ 3,769,000 $ ( 224,000 ) $ 4,637,000 $ ( 230,000 ) REITs $ 36,000 $ ( 9,000 ) $ 35,000 $ ( 13,000 ) $ 71,000 $ ( 22,000 ) Equity securities $ 3,048,000 $ ( 140,000 ) $ 2,209,000 $ ( 361,000 ) $ 5,257,000 $ ( 501,000 ) Total $ 3,952,000 $ ( 155,000 ) $ 6,013,000 $ ( 598,000 ) $ 9,965,000 $ ( 753,000 ) Municipal Bonds The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in municipal bonds were caused by interest rate increases. The contractual terms of these investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. Because the Company has the ability to hold these investments until a recovery of fair value occurs, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of April 30, 2024 and 2023. Marketable Equity Securities and REITs The Company’s investments in marketable equity securities and REITs consist of a wide variety of companies. Investments in these companies include growth, growth income, and foreign investment objectives. Management has evaluated the individual holdings and does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of April 30, 2024 and 2023. F- 18 4. Retirement Benefit Plan On January 1, 1998, the Company adopted the George Risk Industries, Inc. Retirement Savings Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan is a defined contribution savings plan designed to provide retirement income to eligible employees of the Company. The Plan is intended to be qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. It is funded by voluntary pre-tax and Roth (taxable) contributions from eligible employees who may contribute a percentage of their eligible compensation, limited and subject to statutory limits. Employees are eligible to participate in the Plan when they have attained the age of 21 and completed one thousand hours of service in any plan year with the Company. Upon leaving the Company, each participant is 100 % vested with respect to the participants’ contributions while the Company’s matching contributions are vested over a six-year period in accordance with the Plan document. Contributions are invested, as directed by the participant, in investment funds available under the Plan. Matching contributions of approximately $ 60,000 and $ 58,000 were paid during the years ending April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 5. Stockholders’ Equity Preferred Stock — Each share of the Series #1 preferred stock is convertible at the option of the holder into five shares of Class A common stock and is also redeemable at the option of the board of directors at $ 20 per share. The holders of the convertible preferred stock shall be entitled to a dividend at a rate up to $ 1 per share annually, payable quarterly as declared by the board of directors. No dividends were declared or paid during the two years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023. Convertible preferred stock without par value may be issued from time to time as determined by the board of directors. Shares of different series shall be of equal rank but may vary as to terms and conditions. Class A Common Stock —The holders of the Class A common stock are entitled to receive dividends as declared by the board of directors. A dividend for the four prior quarters and provision has been made for the full dividend in the current fiscal year. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024, the Company purchased 33,813 shares of Class A common stock. This was initiated by stockholders contacting the Company. Stock Transfer Agent —The Company does not have an independent stock transfer agent. The Company maintains all stock records. F- 19 6. Earnings Per Share Basic and diluted earnings per share, assuming convertible preferred stock was converted for each period presented are: Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share April 30, 2024 Income Shares Per-Share (Numerator) (Denominator) Amount Net income $ 7,558,000 Basic EPS $ 7,558,000 4,913,676 $ 1.54 Effect of dilutive Convertible Preferred Stock – 20,500 ( 0.01 ) Diluted EPS $ 7,558,000 4,934,176 $ 1.53 April 30, 2023 Income Shares Per-Share (Numerator) (Denominator) Amount Net income $ 4,757,000 Basic EPS $ 4,757,000 4,930,835 $ 0.96 Effect of dilutive Convertible Preferred Stock – 20,500 — Diluted EPS $ 4,757,000 4,951,335 $ 0.96 7. Commitments, Contingencies, and Related Party Transactions One of the directors of the board, Joel Wiens, is the principal shareholder of FirsTier Bank. FirsTier Bank is the financial institution the Company uses for its day-to-day banking operations. Year end balances of accounts held at this bank are $ 6,712,000 and $ 4,637,000 for the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company also received interest income from FirsTier Bank in the amount of approximately $ 170,000 for the year ended April 30, 2024 and $ 103,000 for the year ended April 30, 2023. From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently involved in any litigation that we believe could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations. F- 20 8. Income Taxes The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income taxes. The liability method measures the expected income tax impact of future income and deductions implicit in the Balance Sheets. The income tax provision for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following: Schedule of Income Tax Provision Year Ended April 30, 2024 2023 Current: Federal $ 1,604,000 1,051,000 State 511,000 175,000 Deferred: Federal 495,000 ( 108,000 ) State 155,000 ( 60,000 ) Total income tax provision $ 2,765,000 $ 1,058,000 Reconciliation of income taxes with Federal and State taxable income: Schedule of Reconciliation of Income Taxes with Federal and State Taxable Income 2024 2023 Income before income taxes $ 10,323,000 $ 5,815,000 State income tax deduction ( 478,000 ) ( 351,000 ) Interest and dividend income ( 489,000 ) ( 511,000 ) Nondeductible expenses and timing differences ( 2,379,000 ) ( 11,000 ) Taxable income $ 6,977,000 $ 4,942,000 The following schedule reconciles the provision for income taxes to the amount computed by applying the statutory rate to income before income taxes: Schedule of Statutory Rate to Income Before Taxes 2024 2023 Income tax provision at statutory rate $ 2,916,000 $ 1,657,000 Increase (decrease) income taxes resulting from: State income taxes ( 135,000 ) ( 100,000 ) Interest and dividend income ( 138,000 ) ( 146,000 ) Deferred taxes 650,000 ( 168,000 ) Other temporary and permanent differences ( 528,000 ) ( 185,000 ) Income tax expense $ 2,765,000 $ 1,058,000 Federal tax rate 21.00 % 21.00 % State tax rate 7.25 % 7.50 % Blended statutory rate 28.25 % 28.50 % Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following components as of April 30, 2024 and 2023: Summary of Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities) 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets (liabilities): Depreciation $ ( 312,000 ) $ ( 276,000 ) Capitalized R&D expense 320,000 $ 165,000 Inventory valuation 104,000 111,000 Allowance for doubtful accounts 10,000 5,000 Accrued vacation 37,000 37,000 Accumulated unrealized (gain)/loss on investments ( 2,547,000 ) ( 1,769,000 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ ( 2,388,000 ) $ ( 1,727,000 ) F- 21 9. Business Segments The following is financial information relating to industry segments: Schedule of Financial Information Relating to Industry Segments Quarter ended Year ended Year ended April 30, April 30, April 30, 2024 2024 2023 (Unaudited) Net revenue: Security alarm products $ 5,002,000 $ 19,630,000 $ 17,428,000 Cable & wiring tools 368,000 1,484,000 1,870,000 Other products 222,000 653,000 681,000 Total net revenue $ 5,592,000 $ 21,767,000 $ 19,979,000 Income from operations: Security alarm products 1,457,000 5,672,000 4,414,000 Cable & wiring tools 110,000 429,000 474,000 Other products 48,000 188,000 172,000 Total income from operations $ 1,615,000 $ 6,289,000 $ 5,060,000 Depreciation and amortization: Security alarm products 56,000 202,000 194,000 Cable & wiring tools 30,000 121,000 122,000 Other products 24,000 92,000 81,000 Corporate general 13,000 72,000 48,000 Total depreciation and amortization $ 123,000 $ 487,000 $ 445,000 Capital expenditures: Security alarm products 97,000 321,000 237,000 Cable & wiring tools — — — Other products — 20,000 268,000 Corporate general 18,000 37,000 43,000 Total capital expenditures $ 115,000 $ 378,000 $ 548,000 April 30, 2024 April 30, 2023 Identifiable assets: Security alarm products 15,263,000 14,251,000 Cable & wiring tools 2,082,000 2,548,000 Other products 859,000 981,000 Corporate general 42,576,000 38,171,000 Total assets $ 60,780,000 $ 55,951,000 F- 22 10. Concentrations The Company maintains the majority of its cash balance in a financial institution in Kimball, Nebraska. Accounts at this institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation for up to $ 250,000 . For the years ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company had uninsured balances of $ 6,494,000 , and $ 4,530,000 , respectively. Management believes that this financial institution is financially sound and the risk of loss is minimal. Management also has cash funds with Wells Fargo Bank with uninsured balances of $ 151,000 and $ 56,000 for the years ending April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Management believes that this financial institution is financially sound and the risk of loss is minimal. The Company has sales to a security alarm distributor representing 37 % of total sales for the year ended April 30, 2024 and 36 % of total sales for the year ended April 30, 2023. This distributor accounted for 56 % and 44 % of accounts receivable at April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Security switch sales made up 90 % of total sales for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2024 and 87 % of total sales for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2023. 11. Fair Value Measurements The carrying value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. The fair value of our investments is determined utilizing market-based information. Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and credit risk. US GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). The levels of the fair value hierarchy under US GAAP are described below: Level 1 Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Level 2 Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Level 3 Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect our own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques. Investments and Marketable Securities As of April 30, 2024 and 2023, The Company’s investments consisted of money markets, publicly traded equity securities, REITs as well as certain state and municipal bonds. Marketable securities are valued using third-party broker statements. The value of the majority of securities is derived from quoted market information. The inputs to the valuation are classified as Level 1 given the active market for these securities; however, if an active market does not exist, which is the case for municipal bonds and REITs; the inputs are recorded as Level 2. Fair Value Hierarchy The following tables set forth our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and a non-recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy. As required by US GAAP, assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of April 30, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Municipal Bonds — $ 6,985,000 — $ 6,985,000 REITs — $ 66,000 — $ 66,000 Equity Securities $ 26,502,000 — — $ 26,502,000 Money Markets and CDs $ 935,000 — — $ 935,000 Total fair value of assets measured on a recurring basis $ 27,437,000 $ 7,051,000 — $ 34,488,000 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis as of April 30, 2023 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets: Municipal Bonds — $ 5,212,000 — $ 5,212,000 REITs — $ 71,000 — $ 71,000 Equity Securities $ 25,019,000 — — $ 25,019,000 Money Markets and CDs $ 1,061,000 — — $ 1,061,000 Total fair value of assets measured on a recurring basis $ 26,080,000 $ 5,283,000 — $ 31,363,000 F- 23 Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures There were no disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure.