Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
MaxCyte, Inc.
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Page No
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ( CohnReznick LLP , PCAOB ID: 596 )
94
Consolidated Balance Sheets
95
Consolidated Statements of Operations
96
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
97
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
98
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
99
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of MaxCyte, Inc.
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of MaxCyte, Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ CohnReznick LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.
Tysons, Virginia
March 24, 2026
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MaxCyte, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
December 31,
December 31,
2025
2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
20,065
$
27,884
Short-term investments, at amortized cost
82,979
126,598
Accounts receivable, net
3,503
4,682
Inventory
7,547
8,914
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
4,275
3,606
Total current assets
118,369
171,684
Investments, non-current, at amortized cost
52,570
35,781
Property and equipment, net
17,531
19,707
Right-of-use asset - operating leases
10,920
10,766
Intangible assets, net
650
—
Other assets
2,467
1,532
Total assets
$
202,507
$
239,470
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
1,401
$
1,358
Accrued expenses and other
7,812
8,302
Operating lease liability, current
1,456
864
Deferred revenue, current portion
3,598
5,251
Total current liabilities
14,267
15,775
Operating lease liability, net of current portion
16,487
17,170
Other liabilities
263
274
Total liabilities
31,017
33,219
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $ 0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
—
—
Common stock, $ 0.01 par value; 400,000,000 shares authorized, 106,789,618 and 105,711,093 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively
1,068
1,057
Additional paid-in capital
431,905
422,047
Accumulated deficit
( 261,483 )
( 216,853 )
Total stockholders’ equity
171,490
206,251
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
202,507
$
239,470
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MaxCyte, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
Revenue
$
33,026
$
38,627
Cost of goods sold
6,222
7,100
Gross profit
26,804
31,527
Operating expenses:
Research and development
20,823
22,227
Sales and marketing
18,924
26,661
General and administrative
28,116
29,693
Restructuring expense
3,058
—
Goodwill impairment
3,554
—
Depreciation and amortization
4,226
4,143
Total operating expenses
78,701
82,724
Operating loss
( 51,897 )
( 51,197 )
Other income:
Interest income
7,267
10,142
Total other income
7,267
10,142
Loss before income taxes
( 44,630 )
( 41,055 )
Provision for income taxes
—
—
Net loss
$
( 44,630 )
$
( 41,055 )
Basic and diluted net loss per share
$
( 0.42 )
$
( 0.39 )
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic and diluted
106,427,854
104,849,222
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MaxCyte, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share amounts)
Additional
Total
Common Stock
Paid-in
Accumulated
Stockholders’
Shares
Amount
Capital
Deficit
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2023
103,961,670
$
1,040
$
406,925
$
( 175,798 )
$
232,167
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
13,083
—
13,083
Vesting of restricted stock units
418,260
4
( 4 )
—
—
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan
140,046
1
458
—
459
Exercise of stock options
1,191,117
12
1,585
—
1,597
Net loss
—
—
—
( 41,055 )
( 41,055 )
Balance at December 31, 2024
105,711,093
1,057
422,047
( 216,853 )
206,251
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
9,213
—
9,213
Vesting of restricted stock units
609,460
6
( 6 )
—
—
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan
130,646
1
223
—
224
Exercise of stock options
338,419
4
428
—
432
Net loss
—
—
—
( 44,630 )
( 44,630 )
Balance at December 31, 2025
106,789,618
$
1,068
$
431,905
$
( 261,483 )
$
171,490
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MaxCyte, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss
$
( 44,630 )
$
( 41,055 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization
4,340
4,315
Goodwill impairment
3,554
—
Lease right-of-use asset amortization
802
475
Net book value of consigned equipment sold
83
63
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
287
861
Stock-based compensation
9,213
13,083
Credit loss expense (recovery)
35
( 130 )
Change in excess/obsolete inventory reserve
676
1,771
Amortization of discounts on investments
( 2,646 )
( 6,242 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition:
Accounts receivable
1,148
1,226
Inventory
575
1,362
Prepaid expense and other current assets
( 531 )
293
Other assets
( 724 )
( 1,213 )
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other
( 3,721 )
( 1,883 )
Operating lease liability
( 1,157 )
( 709 )
Deferred revenue
( 1,678 )
182
Other liabilities
( 36 )
( 9 )
Net cash used in operating activities
( 34,410 )
( 27,610 )
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments
( 126,286 )
( 150,857 )
Maturities of investments
155,762
159,440
Purchases of property and equipment
( 1,768 )
( 1,651 )
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired of $ 541
( 1,773 )
—
Net cash provided by investing activities
25,935
6,932
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
432
1,597
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan
224
459
Net cash provided by financing activities
656
2,056
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
( 7,819 )
( 18,622 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
27,884
46,506
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
$
20,065
$
27,884
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property and equipment purchases included in accounts payable and accrued expenses
$
33
$
97
Right-of-use assets obtain in business combination by assumption of lease liabilities
$
956
$
—
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MaxCyte, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands, except par value, share and per share amounts)
1.
Organization and Description of Business
MaxCyte, Inc. (the “Company” or “MaxCyte”) was incorporated as a majority owned subsidiary of EntreMed, Inc. (“EntreMed”) on July 31, 1998, under the laws and provisions of the state of Delaware and commenced operations on July 1, 1999. In November 2002, MaxCyte was recapitalized and EntreMed was no longer deemed to control the Company.
MaxCyte is a global life sciences company focused on advancing the discovery, development, and commercialization of next-generation cell therapies. MaxCyte leverages its proprietary cell engineering technology platform to enable the programs of its biotechnology and pharmaceutical company customers who are engaged in cell therapy, including gene editing and immuno-oncology, as well as in drug and biologic discovery and development and biomanufacturing. The Company licenses and sells its instruments and technology and sells its consumables to developers of cell therapies and to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies for use in drug and biologic discovery and development and biomanufacturing.
The Company’s registration statement on Form S-1 related to its initial public offering of common stock in the United States (the “IPO”) was declared effective on July 29, 2021, and the Company’s common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on July 30, 2021. On August 3, 2021, the Company issued and sold 15,525,000 shares of common stock in the IPO at a price to the public of $ 13.00 per share, inclusive of 2,025,000 shares issued pursuant to the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. The IPO generated gross proceeds to the Company of $ 201,825 . The Company received aggregate net proceeds of $ 184,268 from the IPO after deducting aggregate underwriting commissions and offering costs of $ 17,557 .
2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In the accompanying consolidated financial statements, estimates are used for, but not limited to, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, allowance for credit losses, allowance for inventory obsolescence, accruals for contingent liabilities, if applicable, deferred taxes and valuation allowance, and the depreciable lives of property and equipment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Business Combination
The Company recognizes and measures the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date, while transaction and integration costs are expensed as incurred.
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Any excess of the purchase consideration when compared to the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired, if any, is recorded as goodwill. See Note 10, “Business Combinations” for more information.
Deferred Asset Acquisition Costs
During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company incurred direct, incremental costs related to a potential transaction that, if consummated, would be accounted for as an asset acquisition under ASC 805-50. These costs primarily consist of professional fees, including legal, advisory, accounting, and other transaction- specific services that are directly attributable to the contemplated acquisition. In accordance with U.S. GAAP applicable to asset acquisitions, such costs are capitalized as part of the cost of the assets to be acquired rather than expensed as incurred. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had capitalized approximately $ 1.6 million of transaction-related costs, which are included in Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Concentrations of Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investments and trade receivables. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents balances may exceed federally insured limits and cash may also be deposited in foreign bank accounts that are not covered by federal deposit insurance. The Company does not believe that this results in any significant credit risk. The Company invests its excess cash in money market funds, commercial paper and corporate debt. The Company has established guidelines relative to credit ratings, diversification and maturities that seek to maintain safety and liquidity.
Significant customers are those that accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue for the period or accounts receivable as the end of a reporting period. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, one customer represented 26 % and 23 % of revenue, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, this customer accounted for 18 % and 25 % of accounts receivable, respectively. In addition, a second customer accounted for 14 % of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024.
Certain components included in the Company’s products are obtained from a single source or a limited group of suppliers. During the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, 13 % and 16 %, respectively, of the Company’s additions to inventory were from one supplier. At December 31, 2025 one supplier accounted for 10 % of accounts payable. At December 31, 2024, no supplier accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts payable.
Foreign Currency
The Company’s functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are transacted at the exchange rate in effect at the date of each transaction. Differences in exchange rates during the period between the date a transaction denominated in foreign currency is consummated and the date on which it is either settled or at the reporting date are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations as general and administrative expense. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $ 70 and $ 140 in foreign currency transaction losses, respectively.
Fair Value
Fair value is the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability assuming an orderly transaction in the most advantageous market at the measurement date. US GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of observability of inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include:
● Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.
● Level 2—Observable market-based inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
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● Level 3—Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.
See Note 6 for additional information regarding fair value.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Investments
Cash and cash equivalents consist of financial instruments including money market funds and commercial paper with original maturities of less than 90 days. Short-term investments consist of commercial paper, corporate bonds and U.S. Treasury securities and government agency bonds with original maturities greater than 90 days and less than one year. Long-term investments consist of U.S. Treasury securities and government agency bonds with maturities greater than one year. All money market funds and investments are recorded at amortized cost unless they are deemed to be impaired on an other-than-temporary basis, at which time they are recorded at fair value using Level 2 inputs. There were no changes from Level 2 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Inventory
The Company sells or licenses products to customers. The Company uses the average cost method of accounting for its inventory and adjustments resulting from periodic physical inventory counts are reflected in costs of goods sold in the period of the adjustment. Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory that is obsolete or in excess of forecasted usage is written down to its estimated net realizable value based on assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Inventory write-downs are charged to cost of goods sold and establish a new cost basis for the inventory.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are reduced by an allowance for expected credit losses if needed. The allowance for expected credit losses reflects the best estimate of probable losses determined principally on the basis of historical experience and specific allowances for known troubled accounts. All accounts or portions thereof that are deemed to be uncollectible or to require excessive collection effort are written off to the allowance for expected credit losses. The Company recorded an allowance for expected credit losses of $ 6 at December 31, 2025 . The Company determined no allowance was necessary at December 31, 2024. The Company had a allowance for credit losses of $ 130 as of January 1, 2024.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, or initially at fair value if recorded in connection with an acquisition. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Office equipment (principally computers) is depreciated over an estimated useful life of three years . Laboratory equipment is depreciated over an estimated useful life of five years . Furniture is depreciated over a useful life of five to seven years . Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated lease term or useful life. Instruments represent equipment held at a customer’s site that is typically licensed to customers on a short-term basis and is depreciated over an estimated useful life of five years .
Property and equipment include capitalized costs to develop internal-use software. Applicable costs are capitalized during the development stage of the project and include direct internal costs, third-party costs and allocated interest expenses as appropriate.
Management reviews property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the long-lived asset is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. The Company recognized no impairment for the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024. The Company disposes of equipment when it has no future uses to the Company, and the loss on disposal is included in general and administrative expense in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations.
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Intangible Assets
The Company recognizes acquired intangible assets at fair value on the date of acquisition. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives using the straight-line method. The useful lives of the Company’s Intangible assets range from seven to 15 years . Intangible assets with indefinite lives, including goodwill, are not amortized but subject to annual impairment testing.
Goodwill
Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price paid for an acquisition exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to impairment analysis at least once annually, or more frequently upon the occurrence of an event or when circumstances indicate that a reporting unit’s carrying amount is greater than its fair value. The Company operates as a single reporting unit. Goodwill impairment testing compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. Fair value is estimated primarily using an income approach based on a discounted cash flow model, which incorporates assumptions related to projected future cash flows, long-term growth rates, and a weighted-average cost of capital. The Company also considers a market approach based on comparable companies and transactions. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The Company performed its impairment analysis of goodwill in its fourth fiscal quarter. See Note 11, “Goodwill” for more information.
Revenue Recognition
The Company analyzes contracts to determine the appropriate revenue recognition using the following steps: (i) identification of contracts with customers; (ii) identification of distinct performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of contract transaction price; (iv) allocation of contract transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) determination of revenue recognition based on timing of satisfaction of the performance obligations.
In some arrangements, product and services have been sold together representing distinct performance obligations. In such arrangements the Company allocates the sale price to the various performance obligations in the arrangement on a relative selling price basis. Under this basis, the Company determines the estimated selling price of each performance obligation in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a standalone basis.
The Company recognizes revenue upon the satisfaction of its performance obligation generally upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This would include revenue from the sale of instruments, processing assemblies (“PAs”) and consumables, assay services, extended warranties and other service revenue.
Licensing fee revenue for licenses of symbolic intellectual property is recognized ratably over the license period as a single performance obligation. The single performance obligation consists of a lease of an instrument and license to intellectual property and technology that are integral to the instrument’s functionality, and therefore, all promises in a typical licensing arrangement of the Company are accounted for as a single performance obligation named “licenses” in our table of disaggregated revenue in Note 3.
Some of these licensing arrangements include provisions for milestone payments to the Company, if the customer accomplishes certain precommercial milestones. We refer to such licenses arrangements as strategic platform licenses (“SPLs”). We do not recognize revenue for the milestone provisions at the time of entering an SPL agreement, since each milestone stream of revenue is considered variable consideration that is highly uncertain and susceptible to factors outside our influence. We recognize the amount of revenue related to each milestone only at the time our customer achieves the milestone.
Revenue from licenses of functional intellectual property is recognized at a point in time upon the granting of the license or when a related sales royalty is achieved, and is included in revenue from contracts with customers.
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The Company defers incremental costs of obtaining a customer contract and amortizes the deferred costs over the period that the goods and services are transferred to the customer. The Company had no material incremental costs to obtain customer contracts in any period presented.
Deferred revenue results from amounts billed in advance to customers or cash received from customers in advance of services being provided.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold primarily consists of costs for raw material parts, contract manufacturer costs, salaries, overhead, licensed equipment depreciation and other direct costs related to sales recognized as revenue in the period.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs consist of independent proprietary research and development costs and the costs associated with work performed for fees from third parties. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research costs performed for fees paid by customers are included in cost of goods sold.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense is measured based on grant-date fair value. The Company grants stock-based awards in exchange for employee, consultant and non-employee director services. The grant-date fair value of the award is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.
The Company uses the market closing price of its common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market for the fair value of equity awards on the grant date. The grant-date fair value of stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model for estimating fair value of its stock options granted. Option valuation models, including the Black-Scholes option pricing model, require the input of highly subjective assumptions, and changes in the assumptions used can materially affect the grant-date fair value of an award. These assumptions include the expected volatility, expected dividend yield, risk-free rate of interest and the expected life of the award. The Company has observed sufficient historical information regarding its common stock to use the Company’s common stock for the estimate of volatility in the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Management’s methodology for developing other assumptions has not changed from prior periods. A discussion of management’s methodology for developing each of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model is as follows:
Expected Volatility
Volatility is a measure of the amount by which a financial variable such as a share price has fluctuated (historical volatility) or is expected to fluctuate (expected volatility) during a period. The Company estimates its expected stock volatility based on historical volatility of its own common stock.
Expected Dividend Yield
The Company has never declared or paid common stock dividends and has no plans to do so in the foreseeable future. Therefore, the Company used an expected dividend yield of zero .
Risk-Free Interest Rate
This approximates the U.S. Treasury rate for the day of each option grant during the year, having a term that closely resembles the expected term of the option. For the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), the U.S. Treasury rate on each Offering Date is used for a term that approximates the Purchase Period.
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Expected Term
This is the period that the options granted are expected to remain unexercised. Options granted have a maximum term of ten years . The Company estimates the expected term of the options to be approximately six years for options, with a majority vesting over a four-year period, using the simplified method. Over time, management intends to track estimates of the expected term of the option term so that estimates will approximate actual behavior for similar options. For the ESPP, the term of each Purchase Period is used.
Forfeitures
The Company records forfeitures as they occur.
The fair value of stock options granted during 2025 and 2024 was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following assumptions during the years ended:
December 31,
2025
2024
Expected volatility
52 - 55 %
48 - 52 %
Risk-free interest rate
3.9 - 4.6 %
3.4 - 4.5 %
Expected term (in years)
5.5 - 6.1
5.5 - 6.1
The fair value of the shares under the ESPP granted during 2025 and 2024 was estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the following assumptions during the years ended:
December 31,
2025
2024
Expected volatility
63 - 82 %
55 %
Risk-free interest rate
3.80 - 4.32 %
4.44 - 5.43 %
Expected term (in years)
0.5
0.5
See Note 4 for additional information regarding stock-based compensation.
Income Taxes
The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that such tax rate changes are enacted. The measurement of a deferred tax asset is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance if it is more-likely-than-not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
Management uses a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, as well as guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties and financial statement reporting disclosures. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax exposures as a component of income tax expense. The Company has not identified any uncertain income tax positions that could have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
The Company is subject to taxation in various jurisdictions in the United States and abroad and remains subject to examination by taxing jurisdictions for 2020 and all subsequent periods. The Company has a federal Net Operating Loss (“NOL”) carryforward of approximately $ 156.7 million as of December 31, 2025, of which approximately $ 29.5 million
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begins to expire in 2026. Certain of the Company’s NOLs were initially limited on an annual basis pursuant to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (“Section 382”), as amended, as a result of a cumulative change in ownership that occurred in 2016; however, as of December 31, 2025, the Company has determined that the cumulative limitation amount exceeds the NOLs subject to the limitation and, as a result, no annual limitation remains.
Leases
Right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent its obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. In transactions where the Company is the lessee, at the inception of a contract, the Company determines if the arrangement is, or contains, a lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Company has made certain accounting policy elections for leases where it is the lessee whereby the Company (i) does not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases (those with original terms of 12 months or less) and (ii) combines lease and non-lease elements of its operating leases. See Note 8 for additional details about leases where the Company is the lessee.
All transactions in which the Company is the lessor are short-term (one year or less) and have been classified as operating leases. All leases require upfront payments covering the full period of the lease and thus, there are no future payments expected to be received from existing leases. See Note 3 for details about revenue recognition related to license agreements.
Comprehensive Loss
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, comprehensive loss equaled net loss; therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive loss is not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Loss Per Share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period.
For periods of net income, and when the effects are not anti-dilutive, diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding plus the impact of all potential dilutive common shares, consisting primarily of common stock options and stock purchase warrants using the treasury stock method.
For periods of net loss, diluted loss per share is calculated similarly to basic loss per share because the impact of all dilutive potential common shares is anti-dilutive. The number of anti-dilutive shares, consisting of stock options and restricted stock units excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, was 15.4 million and 16.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Restructuring expense
Restructuring expense consists primarily of employee termination benefits, which include directly employed personnel and individuals engaged through third party employer-of-record arrangements. One-time involuntary termination benefits are recognized as a liability at estimated fair value when the plan of termination has been communicated to employees and certain other criteria are met. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company incurred $ 3,058 of restructuring expenses, of which $ 1,419 was classified as a current liability in accrued expenses and other on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted
In December 2024, the Company adopted Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This guidance amends Topic 280 to require disclosure of significant segment expenses and other segment items on an annual and interim basis and to provide in interim periods all disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss and assets that are currently required annually. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. See Note 12-“Segment Reporting” for additional information.
In December 2025, the Company adopted ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU amends the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740, Income Taxes, to improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by amending the required rate reconciliation disclosures as well as requiring disclosure of income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, and the Company adopted ASU 2023-09 retrospectively. See Note 7-“Income Taxes” for the disclosures required by ASU 2023-09.
New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures” (“ASU 2024-03”). The amendments in ASU 2024-03 improve the transparency of expenses by nature disclosures requiring disclosures disaggregating of each expense line item into specific categories, and qualitative disclosures of expenses. ASU 2024-03 will be effective for the fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2026. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). ASU 2025-05 provides a practical expedient that all entities can use when estimating expected credit losses, which permits an entity to assume that the current conditions it has applied in determining credit loss allowances remain unchanged for the remaining life of those assets. ASU 2025-05 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
3.
Revenue
Revenue is principally from the sale of instruments, PAs and consumables, assay services, and extended warranties and from our license agreements, which also include customer-specific milestone payments. In some arrangements, product and services have been sold together representing distinct performance obligations. In these arrangements the Company allocates the sale price to the various performance obligations in the arrangement on a relative selling price basis. Under this basis, the Company determines the estimated selling price of each performance obligation in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a standalone basis.
Disaggregated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 was as follows:
Year ended December 31, 2025
Revenue from
Revenue
Contracts with
from Lease
Total
Customers
Elements
Revenue
Product sales
$
18,691
$
—
$
18,691
Licenses
300
12,069
12,369
Assay and other service revenue
1,966
—
1,966
Total
$
20,957
$
12,069
$
33,026
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Disaggregated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024 was as follows:
Year ended December 31, 2024
Revenue from
Revenue
Contracts with
from Lease
Total
Customers
Elements
Revenue
Product sales
$
21,089
$
—
$
21,089
Licenses
—
16,412
16,412
Other service revenue
1,126
—
1,126
Total
$
22,215
$
16,412
$
38,627
Additional Disclosures Relating to Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Changes in deferred revenue for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
Balance at January 1
$
5,525
$
5,352
Revenue recognized in the current period from amounts included in the beginning balance
( 5,183 )
( 4,993 )
Current period deferrals, net of amounts recognized in the current period
3,519
5,166
Balance at December 31
$
3,861
$
5,525
Remaining contract consideration for which revenue has not been recognized due to unsatisfied performance obligations with a duration greater than one year was $ 367 at December 31, 2025, of which the Company expects to recognize $ 104 in 2026 , $ 104 in 2027 , $ 31 in 2028 , and $ 128 thereafter .
Included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2025 are unsatisfied performance obligations in the amount of $ 415 from assay service revenue contracts that the Company expects to recognize in under 12 months .
In the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not incur, and therefore did not defer, any material incremental costs to obtain contracts or costs to fulfil contracts.
4.
Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock
During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company issued 338,419 shares of common stock resulting from stock option exercises, receiving gross proceeds of $ 432 , issued 609,460 shares from the vesting of restricted stock units (“RSUs”), and issued 130,646 shares to employees pursuant to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), receiving gross proceeds of $ 224 .
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 1,191,117 shares of common stock resulting from stock option exercises, receiving gross proceeds of $ 1,597 , issued 418,260 shares from the vesting of RSUs, and issued 140,046 shares to employees pursuant to the ESPP, receiving gross proceeds of $ 459 .
Preferred Stock
The Company’s certificate of incorporation authorizes 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $ 0.01 per share. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, no shares of preferred stock were issued or outstanding.
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Stock Incentive Plans
The Company adopted the MaxCyte, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”) in January 2016 to provide for the awarding of (i) stock options, (ii) restricted stock, (iii) incentive shares, and (iv) performance awards to employees, officers, and directors of the Company and to other individuals as determined by the Board of Directors.
In December 2021, the Company adopted the MaxCyte, Inc. 2021 Inducement Plan (the “Inducement Plan”) to provide for the awarding of (i) non-qualified stock options, (ii) stock appreciation rights, (iii) restricted stock awards, (iv) restricted stock unit awards, (v) performance awards, and (vi) other awards only to persons eligible to receive grants of awards who satisfy the standards for inducement grants under Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5635(c)(4) or 5635(c)(3), if applicable, and the related guidance under Nasdaq IM 5635-1. The Board of Directors reserved 2,500,000 shares for issuance under the Inducement Plan. As of December 31, 2025, options to purchase 193,242 shares remain outstanding under the Inducement Plan.
In May 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted, and in June 2022 the Company’s stockholders approved, the MaxCyte, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”) to provide for the awarding of (i) incentive stock options, (ii) non-qualified stock options, (iii) stock appreciation rights, (iv) restricted stock awards, (v) restricted stock unit awards, (vi) performance awards, and (vii) other awards. Following the approval of the 2022 Plan, no additional awards can be granted under the 2016 Plan or the Inducement Plan, but all outstanding awards will continue to remain subject to the terms of the applicable plan.
Upon the effectiveness of the 2022 Plan, a total of 3,692,397 shares were initially reserved for issuance pursuant to future awards under the 2022 Plan, consisting of 1,928,000 new shares and 1,764,397 shares previously available under the 2016 Plan. If and to the extent that outstanding options under the 2016 Plan or the Inducement Plan are forfeited, the shares underlying such forfeited options will become available for issuance under the 2022 Plan. At the Company’s Annual Meetings of Stockholders held on June 18, 2025, June 11, 2024 and June 22, 2023, the Company’s stockholders voted to reserve an additional 2,950,000 , 2,300,000 and 6,069,000 shares, respectively, for issuance pursuant to future awards under the 2022 Plan.
At December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were 8,413,000 and 6,946,000 shares, respectively, available to be issued under the 2022 Plan.
Stock Option Activity
A summary of stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
Weighted-
Average
Weighted-
Remaining
Number of
Average
Contractual Life
Aggregate
Options
Exercise Price
(in years)
Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2024
15,417,986
$
5.90
6.9
$
15,854
Granted
1,922,756
$
4.36
Exercised
( 1,191,117 )
$
1.34
$
3,402
Forfeited
( 2,093,840 )
$
7.64
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
14,055,785
$
5.82
6.5
$
8,467
Granted
2,427,276
$
3.15
Exercised
( 338,419 )
$
1.28
$
906
Forfeited
( 2,573,763 )
$
5.94
Outstanding at December 31, 2025
13,570,879
$
5.44
5.9
$
76
Exercisable at December 31, 2025
10,978,477
$
5.90
5.3
$
76
The weighted-average fair value of the options granted during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was estimated to be $ 1.72 and $ 2.26 , respectively.
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The value of a stock option is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. As of December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation expense for outstanding stock options was $ 4,044 , which will be recognized over the next 2.3 years.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, in accordance with their termination, the Company approved modifications for two individuals to accelerate the vesting of, and extend the post-termination exercise period for. options for varying periods up to the original expiration date of the option. As a result, the Company recognized additional stock based compensation expense of $ 1,163 recorded within general and administrative expenses.
Restricted Stock Unit Activity
During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company issued RSUs under the 2022 Plan. Each RSU represents the contingent right to receive one share of common stock.
A summary of RSU activity for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
Weighted-
Average
Weighted-
Remaining
Number of
Average
Amortization Period
RSUs
Grant Date Fair Value
(in years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2024
1,296,180
$
4.57
2.8
Granted
1,280,473
$
4.36
Vested and released
( 418,260 )
$
4.84
Forfeited
( 454,334 )
$
4.48
Outstanding at December 31, 2024
1,704,059
$
4.36
2.6
Granted
1,792,076
$
2.93
Vested and released
( 609,460 )
$
4.43
Forfeited
( 1,080,924 )
$
3.83
Outstanding at December 31, 2025
1,805,751
$
3.24
2.5
The value of an RSU is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. As of December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation expense for outstanding RSUs was $ 4,324 , which will be recognized over the next 2.5 years.
Performance Stock Units (“PSUs”)
During the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company awarded 554,938 and 550,838 PSUs to certain members of management and executive officers. The PSU awards represent a number of shares of common stock to be earned if a target level of performance, as approved by the Board of Directors, is achieved. The performance period continues through December 31, 2027 for the PSUs awarded during the year ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2026 for the PSUs awarded during the year ended December 31, 2024. The actual number of shares of common stock underlying the PSUs to be earned will be between 0 % and 125 % of the target number of PSUs, depending on the level of achievement of such performance metrics. The weighted-average fair value of the PSUs granted was $ 3.29 and $ 4.31 per PSU, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company determined that it was probable that 0 % and 100 % , respectively, of PSUs will be awarded. The change in probability assessment was based on updated expectations regarding achievement of the applicable performance conditions. As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company reversed $ 794 of compensation expense that was previously recorded during the year ended December 31, 2024 related to the PSUs in accordance with ASC 718.
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Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company commenced offerings under the MaxCyte, Inc. 2021 ESPP beginning with its first purchase period in May 2023. The ESPP allows eligible employees to purchase a number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock up to a maximum of 15 % of the employee’s earnings during the Purchase Period subject to certain limitations. The purchase price will be the lesser of 85 % of the fair market value of shares on the beginning of each Purchase Period or on the Purchase Date (i.e., the last day of the Purchase Period). Purchase periods are generally six months in length.
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized $ 89 and $ 162 , respectively, in compensation expense related to the ESPP. As of December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation expense related to the ESPP was $ 18 , which will be recognized over the next 0.4 years.
Stock-based Compensation Expense
Stock-based compensation expense recognized in connection with stock options, RSUs, PSUs and the ESPP for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was classified as follows on the consolidated statements of operations:
Year ended December 31,
2025
2024
General and administrative
$
5,656
$
7,200
Sales and marketing
1,679
2,920
Research and development
1,878
2,963
Total
$
9,213
$
13,083
5. Consolidated Balance Sheet Components
Inventory
The following tables show the components of inventory:
December 31,
December 31,
2025
2024
Raw materials inventory
$
3,864
$
4,717
Finished goods inventory
3,182
3,927
Work in progress
501
270
Total inventory
$
7,547
$
8,914
The Company recorded an allowance for obsolete inventory of $ 1,531 and $ 1,771 at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net comprised the following:
December 31,
December 31,
2025
2024
Leasehold improvements
$
14,787
$
14,727
Furniture and equipment
12,542
11,946
Internal-use software
4,635
4,349
Instruments
1,923
2,005
Construction in process
908
272
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
( 17,264 )
( 13,592 )
Property and equipment, net
$
17,531
$
19,707
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For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company transferred $ 116 and $ 182 , respectively, of instruments previously classified as inventory to property and equipment licensed to customers.
For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred depreciation and amortization expense of property and equipment of $ 4,287 and $ 4,315 , respectively.
Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with finite lives as of December 31, 2025 consist of the following and result from the acquisition of SeQure discussed in Note 10:
Gross
Accumulated
Net
Weighted Average Life
Carrying Amount
Amortization
Carrying Amount
Developed technology
15 years
$
471
$
( 28 )
$
443
Trade names
10 years
176
( 17 )
159
Customer relationships
7 years
56
( 8 )
48
Total intangible assets
$
703
$
( 53 )
$
650
The Company recorded no impairment on its finite-lived intangibles for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company did no t have acquired intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2024. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recorded amortization expense of $ 53 .
6.
Fair Value
The Company’s consolidated balance sheets include various financial instruments (primarily cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable) that are carried at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the instruments.
Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The Company had no financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2025 or 2024.
Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
Money market funds, commercial paper and corporate debt instruments classified as held-to-maturity are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis when they are deemed to be impaired on an other-than-temporary basis. No such fair value impairment was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024.
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The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2025:
Gross
Gross
Amortized
unrecognized
unrecognized
Aggregate
Description
Classification
cost
holding gains
holding losses
fair value
Money market funds and cash equivalents
Cash equivalents
$
17,239
$
—
$
—
$
17,239
Commercial paper
Short-term investments
22,077
7
( 4 )
22,080
U.S. Treasury securities and government agency bonds
Short-term investments
42,004
106
—
42,110
Corporate debt
Short-term investments
18,898
14
( 2 )
18,910
Corporate debt
Long-term investments
39,558
125
—
39,683
U.S. Treasury securities and government agency bonds
Long-term investments
13,012
33
—
13,045
Total cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments
$
152,788
$
285
$
( 6 )
$
153,067
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2024:
Gross
Gross
Amortized
unrecognized
unrecognized
Aggregate
Description
Classification
cost
holding gains
holding losses
fair value
Money market funds and cash equivalents
Cash equivalents
$
19,759
$
—
$
—
$
19,759
Commercial paper
Cash equivalents
5,959
1
—
5,960
Commercial paper
Short-term investments
47,907
28
( 8 )
47,927
U.S. Treasury securities and government agency bonds
Short‑term investments
64,193
135
( 4 )
64,324
Corporate debt
Short‑term investments
14,498
29
( 6 )
14,521
U.S. Treasury securities and government agency bonds
Long-term investments
35,781
106
( 68 )
35,819
Total cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments
$
188,097
$
299
$
( 86 )
$
188,310
Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
As described in Note 10, the Company acquired SeQure on January 29, 2025. The acquisition included a contingent consideration agreement where the Company agreed to pay an amount up to $ 2,500 if SeQure achieves certain revenue targets for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2026. The fair value of the contingent consideration was estimated to be $ 25 on the acquisition date, using an income approach, which considers the expected future cash flows under the agreement. The fair value was estimated to be de minimis as of December 31, 2025. Contingent consideration is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Non-Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The Company measures its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets are recognized at fair value when they are deemed to be impaired. No such fair value impairment was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2025 or 2024.
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7.
Income Taxes
The Company’s provision (benefit) for income taxes in 2025 and 2024 consisted of the following:
December 31,
2025
2024
Current provision (benefit):
Federal
$
—
$
—
State
—
—
Total current provision
—
—
Deferred tax provision (benefit):
Federal
( 9,936 )
( 7,368 )
State
( 1,876 )
( 1,860 )
Change in valuation allowance
11,812
9,228
Total deferred provision
—
—
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes
$
—
$
—
The Company is required to establish a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. The Company considers projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company established a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.
Net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 are presented in the table below:
December 31,
2025
2024
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards
$
39,504
$
27,812
Research and development costs
13,244
10,950
Stock-based compensation
9,642
10,534
Deferred revenue
945
1,527
Lease liability
4,392
4,985
Tenant incentive
1,088
1,359
Accruals and other
1,401
1,912
Deferred tax liabilities:
ROU asset
( 2,673 )
( 2,976 )
Depreciation and other
( 1,006 )
( 1,234 )
66,537
54,869
Valuation allowance
( 66,537 )
( 54,869 )
Net deferred tax assets
$
—
$
—
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The difference between the expected income tax provision (benefit) from applying the U.S. Federal statutory rate to pre-tax income (loss) and the actual income tax provision (benefit) for the year ended December 31, 2025 relates primarily to the effect of the following:
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Amount
Percent
U.S Federal statutory rate
$
( 9,372 )
$
21.0
%
Changes in valuation allowance
12,472
( 27.9 )
%
Establishment of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities related to SeQure acquisition
( 5,885 )
13.2
%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Stock compensation
796
( 1.8 )
%
Goodwill impairment
746
( 1.7 )
%
Other
1,243
( 2.8 )
%
Total Income Tax Expense
$
—
$
—
%
As described in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, the Company elected to adopt the guidance of ASU 2023-09 retrospectively. The table below reconciles the difference between the expected income tax provision (benefit) from applying the U.S. Federal statutory rate to pre-tax income (loss) and the actual income tax provision (benefit) for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Amount
Percent
U.S Federal statutory rate
$
( 8,583 )
$
21.0
%
Changes in valuation allowance
7,805
( 19.1 )
%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items
Stock compensation
393
( 1.0 )
%
Other
385
( 0.9 )
%
Total Income Tax Expense
$
—
$
—
%
On August 16, 2022, the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “Inflation Reduction Act”) was signed into law. The Inflation Reduction Act includes, among other provisions, (i) a new corporate alternative minimum tax of 15 percent on the adjusted financial statement income (AFSI) of corporations with average AFSI exceeding $1.0 billion over a three-year period, and (ii) a new excise tax of 1 percent on the fair market value of net corporate stock repurchases. The provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act are effective for tax years beginning after December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect the Inflation Reduction Act to have a material impact on its provision for income taxes.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “TCJA”) amended IRC Section 174 to require capitalization of all research and developmental (“R&D”) costs incurred in tax years beginning after December 31, 2021. These costs were required to be amortized over five years if the R&D activities are performed in the United States or over 15 years if the activities were performed outside the United States. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act, passed in 2025, revoked the mandatory capitalization of domestic R&D, however a Company may still elect to capitalize R&D and amortize these costs over ten years. The Company capitalized approximately $ 20,152 and $ 19,670 of R&D expenses incurred during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
8.
Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
Operating Leases
In May 2021, the Company entered into a lease for its headquarters (the “Headquarters Lease”), consisting of an operating lease agreement, as amended, for new office, laboratory, manufacturing and other space. The Headquarters
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Lease will expire on August 31, 2035. The Company is obligated to pay its portion of real estate taxes and costs related to the leased premises, including costs of operations, maintenance, repair, replacement and management of the leased premises. Under the Headquarters Lease, the Company has three five-year options to extend the term of the lease. However, the Company is not reasonably certain to exercise any of these options, and therefore, these extension periods are not included in the lease term for accounting purposes. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid $ 1,994 and $ 2,104 in rent pursuant to the Headquarters Lease, respectively.
Upon the acquisition of SeQure, the Company assumed SeQure’s headquarters lease (the “SeQure Lease”) consisting of an operating lease agreement, as amended, for office and laboratory space. The lease term expires on December 31, 2027. Under the SeQure Lease, the Company has one five-year option to extend the term of the lease. However, the Company is not reasonably certain to exercise this option. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company paid $ 367 in rent on the SeQure Lease.
The components of lease cost and consolidated balance sheet information for the Company’s lease portfolio were as follows:
Year ended December 31,
2025
2024
Operating lease cost
$
2,117
$
1,764
Short-term lease cost
13
33
Variable lease cost
985
970
Total lease cost
$
3,115
$
2,767
As of December 31,
As of December 31,
2025
2024
Operating leases
Assets
Right-of-use asset - operating leases
$
10,920
$
10,766
Liabilities
Operating lease liability, current
$
1,456
$
864
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion
16,487
17,170
Total operating lease liabilities
$
17,943
$
18,034
Other information
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)
9.3
10.7
Weighted-average incremental borrowing rate
7.1 %
7.0 %
As of December 31, 2025, maturities of lease liabilities were as follows:
Operating Leases
2026
$
2,639
2027
2,709
2028
2,338
2029
2,396
2030
2,456
2031 and thereafter
12,304
Total undiscounted lease payments
24,842
Discount factor
( 6,899 )
Present value of lease liabilities
$
17,943
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401(k) Retirement Plan
The Company sponsors a defined-contribution 401(k) retirement plan covering eligible employees. Participating employees may voluntarily contribute up to limits provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Company matches employee contributions equal to 50 % of the salary deferral contributions, with a maximum Company contribution of 5 % of the employees’ eligible compensation. In the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, Company matching contributions amounted to $ 837 and $ 898 , respectively.
9.
Related Party Transactions
During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company sold $ 34 , and less than $ 1 , respectively, in products and services to a customer whose Board of Directors includes a member who also serves on the Company’s Board of Directors. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $ 6 in accounts receivable from this customer.
Effective January 1, 2024, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a member of the Board of Directors to provide consulting services to the Company for a 12-month period for an amount not to exceed $ 150 . The Company incurred $ 102 pursuant to this consulting agreement for the year ended December 31, 2024.
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold $ 86 in products to a customer whose Chief Executive Officer is a member of the Company’s Board of Directors.
10 . Business Combination
On January 29, 2025, the Company acquired 100 % of the voting interests in SeQure, a provider of on-target and off-target gene-editing assessment services for cell and gene therapies. This strategic acquisition strengthens the Company’s ability to serve ex-vivo and in-vivo cell and gene therapy developers with an innovative suite of tools and services spanning early research and development through clinical development and commercialization. By integrating SeQure into the Company, the Company will expand its service offerings and leverage its commercial and field application scientist teams to work with developers earlier in their research processes. The purchase price was $ 2,339 , consisting of cash paid at closing of $ 2,314 and $ 25 in the fair value of the contingent consideration as discussed in Note 6. The Company’s payment of $ 2,356 at closing in transaction costs and payables on behalf of SeQure were excluded from the purchase price and recorded as assumed expenses in the purchase price allocation below. Contingent consideration will be paid to former holders of convertible promissory notes if SeQure exceeds certain revenue targets for the years ending December 31, 2025 and 2026. The maximum amount of potential contingent consideration that could be paid is $ 2,500 . The Company did not pay any additional consideration for the year ended December 31, 2025.
The major classes of assets and liabilities to which we have allocated the purchase price are as follows:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
541
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
142
Property and equipment, net
747
Right-of-use asset - operating leases
956
Goodwill
3,554
Intangible assets, net
703
Other assets
125
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue
( 3,363 )
Operating lease liability, current
( 385 )
Operating lease liability, net of current portion
( 681 )
Total allocated purchase price
$
2,339
See Note 5 for the purchase price allocated to specific intangible assets
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Goodwill includes an assembled workforce and technological synergies with the Company’s current offerings and know-how that does not qualify for separate intangible recognition under US GAAP and is not deductible for tax purposes. No tax accounts have been recorded in the purchase price allocation.
Any adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation identified during the measurement period were accounted for prospectively. In accordance with ASC 805-10-25-17, during the measurement period, the Company obtained new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. As a result, the following adjustments to the provisional amounts during the period from January 29, 2025 (acquisition) to December 31, 2025:
Major Class
As previously reported
Adjustment
Revised Amount
Intangible assets, net
$
508
$
195
$
703
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue
$
( 3,558 )
$
195
$
( 3,363 )
Contingent consideration
$
—
$
( 25 )
$
( 25 )
Goodwill
$
3,919
$
( 365 )
$
3,554
These adjustments were made to reflect updated valuations and assessments of the acquiree’s assets and liabilities based on information obtained during the measurement period. The corresponding adjustment to goodwill reflects the net impact of these changes.
The Company incurred approximately $ 751 in transaction expenses related to the acquisition of SeQure which is included in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company incurred $ 164 in transaction expenses related to the acquisition which is included in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024.
The financial results of SeQure have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since the date of acquisition. The Company’s consolidated statement of operations includes revenue and net loss of $ 1,076 and $ 5,257 , respectively, attributable to SeQure for the year ended December 31, 2025.
The following are supplemental unaudited pro forma consolidated financial results of the Company, if the acquisition of SeQure had been consummated on January 1, 2024:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
Revenue
$
33,211
$
40,839
Operating loss
$
( 53,784 )
$
( 57,907 )
Net loss
$
( 46,517 )
$
( 47,765 )
Basic and diluted loss per share
$
( 0.44 )
$
( 0.46 )
The pro forma operating loss for the year ended December 31, 2025 includes non-recurring charges of approximately $ 751 for the Company’s transaction expenses, $ 444 in non-recurring expenses, and $ 1,669 for SeQure’s acquisition-related expenses, which were incurred in the year ended December 31, 2025.
11 . Goodwill
As described in Note 10, the Company recorded $ 3,554 in goodwill as a result of the acquisition of SeQure. During its fourth fiscal quarter, the Company performed its annual test to determine if the goodwill was impaired. The Company is a single reporting unit, and estimated its fair value using a combination of the income approach and the market approach, applying a weighting of 75 % and 25 % , respectively. The income approach incorporates the estimated future cash flows and a terminal value discounted to their present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. The market approach estimated the fair value of the Company by using valuation metrics of comparable publicly traded companies.
Based on the evaluation, the Company concluded that the carrying value of the Company exceeded its fair value by an amount greater than the previously recorded goodwill and therefore, recorded an impairment charge of $ 3,554 in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company did not have goodwill on its
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consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025. The Company did not have goodwill during the year ended December 31, 2024.
12 . Segment Reporting
The Company has one reportable segment, cell engineering technology. The cell engineering technology segment generates revenue principally from the sale of instruments and PAs and consumables, and research and clinical license fees to the Company’s customers, as well as program-related revenues as our SPL customers achieve development and regulatory milestones. The cell engineering technology used in the Company’s license revenue arrangements and instrument sales arrangements is deployed and implemented by customers in a similar manner, and brings the Company similar economic outcomes. The accounting policies of the cell engineering technology segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the executive team which includes the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. The CODM assesses performance for the cell engineering technology segment and decides how to allocate resources based on net loss and core revenues. Core revenue includes sales of instruments, PAs and consumables, assay and other service revenue, as well as fees from research and clinical licenses, while non-core revenue relates to SPL program-related revenue. We recognize both core and non-core revenue in accordance with US GAAP. The CODM uses net loss to determine whether to further resources in the cell engineering technology segment or into other parts of the entity such as for acquisitions. The CODM also uses core revenue to assess performance of the segment and establishing Management’s compensation. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheet as total assets. The Company does not have intra-entity sales or transfers.
The CODM is regularly provided with the following significant segment expenses which are included in the measurement of the single measure of profit: net loss:
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
Core revenue
$
29,603
$
32,512
Non-core revenue
3,423
6,115
Total revenue
33,026
38,627
Cost of goods sold
6,222
7,100
Gross profit
26,804
31,527
Expenses:
Research and development
19,767
19,264
Sales and marketing
18,516
23,741
General and administrative
23,425
22,493
Goodwill impairment
3,554
—
Depreciation and amortization
4,226
4,143
Stock-based compensation
9,213
13,083
Total operating expenses
78,701
82,724
Other income
7,267
10,142
Net loss
$
( 44,630 )
$
( 41,055 )
Revenue by geographic location is provided below. Other than the United States, no jurisdiction accounted for greater than 10% of the Company’s revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Year Ended December 31,
2025
2024
Revenue
Inside the United States
$
21,078
$
25,768
Outside the United States
11,948
12,859
Total revenue
$
33,026
$
38,627
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As of December 31, 2025, and 2024, substantially all of the Company’s assets were located in the United States.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.