What changed in this filing

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

2026-10-07 compared with 2026-04-08 · 296 added, 517 removed, 192 unchanged (81% of the section changed)

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These factors include, but are not limited to:

• our ability to complete construction of our HPC facilities at each of the Polaris Forge, Polaris Forge 2 and Delta Forge 1 campuses;

• our dependence on principal customers, including our ability to execute leases with key customers, including leases for our data center campuses;

• our ability to close the sale of our Cloud Services Business;

• our ability to complete construction of our data center campuses;

• our dependence on principal customers, including our ability to execute leases with key customers;

• availability of financing to continue to grow our business;

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• our ability to timely and successfully build new data center facilities with the appropriate contractual margins and efficiencies;

• our ability to continue to grow sales in our hosting business;

• volatility of cryptoasset prices;

• uncertainties of cryptoasset regulation policy;

• our ability to keep up with the use and continued pace of developments in AI and evolving data center requirements and regulatory frameworks for AI.

• uncertainties of regulation policy.

You should carefully review the risks described in Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2026, which was filed with the SEC on July 29, 2026, as well as any other cautionary language in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the occurrence of any of these events could have an adverse effect, which may be material, on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

A comparison of our results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2025 can be found under “Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2025, filed with the SEC on April 14, 2025.

A comparison of our results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended August 31, 2025 can be found under “Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on October 9, 2025.

During the fiscal year 2026, we completed the contribution of our Cloud Services Business to ChronoScale (as defined below), formerly Ekso (as defined below).

As a result of this transaction, certain prior-period amounts presented in this Quarterly Report have been recast to conform to the current period presentation.

The recast primarily reflects changes associated with the transaction, including revisions to the presentation of certain historical financial statement line items and related disclosures.

As a result, certain fiscal quarter 2025 amounts presented in this Quarterly Report differ from the amounts previously reported in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August 31, 2025.

Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment.

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designer, developer, and operator of high-performance, sustainably engineered data centers and colocation services for artificial intelligence (“AI”), networking, and blockchain workloads.

Headquartered in Dallas, TX, and founded in 2021, the Company combines hyperscale expertise, proprietary waterless cooling, and rapid deployment capabilities to deliver secure, scalable compute at industry-leading speed and efficiency, while creating economic opportunities in underserved communities through its award-winning Polaris Forge AI Factory model.

We operate in three distinct business segments, data center hosting (the "Data Center Hosting Business"), cloud services (the “Cloud Services Business”) and HPC data center hosting (the "HPC Hosting Business"), all of which are included in our consolidated financial statements and continuing operations, as further discussed below.

Management considers the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business to be its core operations for long-run strategic and performance evaluation purposes.

The Company consolidates a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”) where it has been determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity's operation in accordance with ASC Topic 810, Consolidations .

We provide digital infrastructure solutions to the rapidly growing industries of high-performance computing (“HPC”) and AI.

We operate in two distinct business segments, data center hosting (the "Data Center Hosting Business") and HPC data center hosting (the “HPC Hosting Business”), both of which are included in our unaudited consolidated financial statements, as further discussed below.

Management considers the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business to be our core operations for long-run strategic and performance evaluation purposes.

We consolidate entities that meet the definition of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary or entities that meet the definition of a voting interest entity (“VOE”).

The Company consolidates a VIE where it has been determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entity's operation in accordance with ASC Topic 810, Consolidations.

The primary beneficiary is the party that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

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The Company also evaluates its economic interests in the VIE.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025, we determined that the Cloud Services Business, which operates primarily through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Applied Digital Cloud Corporation, met the criteria to be classified as “held for sale.” As a sale would represent a strategic shift for the Company the Cloud Services Business was classified as discontinued operations.

On December 30, 2025, the Company announced it had entered into a non-binding term sheet for a proposed business combination of the Cloud Services Business with EKSO Bionics Holdings, Inc.

EKSO) (“EKSO”), which, once closed, will go forward as ChronoScale Corporation (“ChronoScale”), an accelerated compute platform purpose-built to support AI workloads (the “Proposed Transaction”).

On February 15, 2026, APLD Intermediate HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“APLD Intermediate”), APLD ChronoScale HoldCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly owned subsidiary of APLD Intermediate (“Contributor”), each a wholly owned direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company, and Applied Digital Cloud Corporation, which at the time of the closing of the Proposed Transaction, will be a wholly owned subsidiary of Contributor, entered into a Contribution and Exchange Agreement with EKSO (the “Contribution and Exchange Agreement”) for purposes of consummating the Proposed Transaction (the “Business Combination”), as a result of which (i) Applied Digital Cloud Corporation will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Ekso, (ii) Ekso will, immediately after the consummation of the Business Combination, continue as the parent of the combined company, and (iii) Ekso will change its name to ChronoScale.

During the quarter ended February 28, 2026, we determined that the Cloud Services Business, which had previously been classified and reported as held for sale in accordance with ASC 360-10 and discontinued operations in accordance with ASC 205-20, no longer met the criteria for classification as held for sale and discontinued operations due to the Company entering into the Contribution and Exchange Agreement.

We have restated our comparative financial statements for prior periods to reflect this change in classification.

The statements of operations, cash flows, and segment information for prior periods have been adjusted to include the results of the Cloud Services Business within continuing operations rather than within discontinued operations, and previously classified assets and liabilities of the Cloud Services Business are presented within the respective held‑and‑used asset and liability line items as of each balance sheet date.

Revenues, income (loss) before income taxes, net income (loss), total assets and liabilities, and cash flows previously reported as related to discontinued operations and asset and liabilities held for sale of the Cloud Services Business are now

reported in the corresponding line items within continuing operations and held‑and‑used asset and liability categories for all periods presented.

There was no material impact on our previously reported net income, total assets, or equity as a result of this reclassification.

The reclassification was necessary because the Cloud Services Business no longer met the requirements for held for sale presentation and discontinued operations presentation as set forth in ASC 360-10 and ASC 205-20, respectively, as the planned sale did not occur and the segment remains part of the Company’s ongoing operations as of February 28, 2026.

Management has further determined that the operating characteristics and strategic role of the Cloud Services Business differ meaningfully from the Company’s long-run core operations of building and developing data center infrastructure.

As a result, while the segment continues to be actively managed and reported as part of consolidated results and continuing operations, management evaluates long-term operating performance and core business trends using financial measures that exclude the results of this segment, as discussed below.

On May 5, 2026, we completed the separation of our cloud services business.

As of August 31, 2026 we owned approximately 96% of the outstanding common stock of ChronoScale Holdings Corporation (“ChronoScale”).

We consolidate ChronoScale under the voting interest model because we hold a controlling financial interest.

The ownership interests in ChronoScale not attributable to us are presented as noncontrolling interests in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Trends and Other Factors Affecting Our Business

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while certain states have passed comprehensive AI legislation.

On September 29, 2025, California passed the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act into law, which requires certain AI companies to fulfill transparency requirements and report AI-related safety incidents, among other things.

In Europe, the EU AI Act has been adopted, portions of which have started to take effect this year.

A number of states have recently issued moratoriums on future AI data centers while other states are considering the same.

In Europe, the EU AI Act has been adopted, portions of which have started to take effect, with other portions continuing to take effect over the next several years.

The amount of energy used for AI and crypto mining has also received significant attention.

For example, in January 2024, the U.S.

Energy Information Administration conducted an emergency survey of electricity consumption data from cryptocurrency mining companies in the U.S.

Energy Information Administration has recently launched surveys relating to electricity consumption from both data centers and cryptocurrency mining in the U.S.

states have also conducted similar studies.

This indicates that more focus is being placed on the energy usage of these activities.

It is unclear how the information collected will be used for future regulations, but it is expected that energy efficiency and sustainability will be critical factors regulating both AI data centers and cryptocurrency mining.

It is unclear how the information collected will be used for future regulations, but it is expected that energy efficiency and sustainability will be critical factors regulating our industries.

While there is currently insufficient support for any particular proposal, we expect that regulatory efforts in this area will continue to evolve and potentially impact our business.

As a company operating at the intersection of data center and HPC hosting services, we are committed to maintaining a proactive and adaptive approach to regulatory compliance.

We closely monitor legislative and regulatory developments and engage in dialogue with relevant stakeholders to ensure our business practices align with the evolving legal and regulatory framework.

Despite the uncertainties posed by the changing regulatory landscape, we remain committed to delivering innovative and responsible solutions in the data center and HPC hosting markets while prioritizing compliance and risk management.

Despite the uncertainties posed by the changing regulatory landscape, we remain committed to delivering

innovative and responsible solutions in the data center and HPC hosting markets while prioritizing compliance and risk management.

However, if we fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we may be subject to significant liabilities, including fines and penalties, and our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be adversely affected.

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Our critical accounting estimates are identified and described in our annual consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

Fair Value Measurements - Derivative Assets

In connection with the issuance of the redeemable noncontrolling interest, we evaluated the instrument for any features that must be bifurcated and separately accounted for as embedded derivatives.

We determined that the Redemption features and Contingent Dividend Rate Increase feature met all the requirements to be separately accounted for as bifurcated derivatives.

The bifurcated derivatives are remeasured to fair value each reporting period with changes in fair value recorded in earnings.

We utilized third party valuation specialists to estimate the fair value of the derivative assets using a binomial lattice model.

Inherent in a binomial lattice model are unobservable inputs and assumptions.

The inputs for the valuation of the derivative assets included the volatility, credit spread, and term.

As the noncontrolling interest has embedded features that require bifurcation, the fair value at issuance was allocated between the components.

As such, the net proceeds were first allocated to the derivatives at their fair value.

The remainder of the proceeds were then allocated to the warrants and noncontrolling interests based on their relative fair values.

Business Update

HPC Hosting Business

Our HPC Hosting Business designs, constructs, and operates next-generation data centers, which are designed to provide massive computing power and support HPC applications within a cost-effective model.

In the prior fiscal year, we commenced operations at our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus in Ellendale, North Dakota, with 100 MW of capacity.

During the quarter, we began commencing operations at our second HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus, which reached its full 150MW of capacity as of the date of filing of this Form 10-Q.

Our third HPC building at our Polaris Forge 1 campus, which is expected to provide an additional 150MW of capacity, is currently under construction.

We anticipate reaching full ready for service in calendar year 2027.

Our two buildings at our Polaris Forge 2 campus, with an aggregate 300MW of capacity, are currently under construction.

We anticipate reaching initial ready for service in the second half of calendar year 2026 and full capacity in early calendar year 2027.

Our two buildings at our Polaris Forge 3 campus, with an aggregate 300MW capacity, are currently under construction.

We anticipate reaching initial ready for service in the second half of calendar year 2027 and full capacity in the second half of calendar year 2028.

Our two buildings at our Delta Forge 1 campus, with an aggregate 300MW capacity, are currently under construction.

We anticipate reaching initial ready for service in the first half of calendar year 2027 and full capacity in early calendar 2028.

On June 5, 2026, we entered into an approximately 15-year lease (with three five-year renewal options) with a high investment-grade hyperscaler at our Delta Forge 2 campus located in our southern region, comprising a single 210 MW building under construction.

The lease is for the full 210 MW of critical IT load, representing approximately $5.2 billion of contracted revenue over the base term, with expected delivery in the first half of calendar year 2028.

We recognized $262.6 million in revenue from this business segment during the three months ended August 31, 2026, with $183.5 million related to services and other revenue and $79.1 million related to data center rental and other revenue.

Data Center Hosting Business

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Our custom-designed data centers allow customers to rent space based on their power requirements.

As of February 28, 2026, our 106 MW facility in Jamestown, North Dakota and our 180 MW facility in Ellendale, North Dakota continue to operate at full capacity.

We recognized $37.5 million and $117.1 million, in revenue from this business segment during the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026, respectively.

Cloud Services Business

Our Cloud Services Business provides high-performance computing power for artificial intelligence and machine learning applications.

We recognized revenue of $18.1 million and $53.2 million from this business segment during the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026, respectively.

We currently operate our Cloud Services Business in three states:

Colorado, Minnesota, and Utah, by renting space at third party colocation centers and providing our customers with Company-owned equipment to generate revenue.

As of February 28, 2026, this business segment had one customer and generated 14% of total revenue for the fiscal quarter ended February 28, 2026.

As previously disclosed, during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2025, we determined that the Cloud Services Business, which operates primarily through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Applied Digital Cloud Corporation, met the criteria to be classified as “held for sale.” As a sale would represent a strategic shift for the Company the Cloud Services Business was classified as discontinued operations.

On December 30, 2025, the Company announced it had entered into a non-binding term sheet for a proposed business combination of the Cloud Services Business with EKSO Bionics Holdings, Inc.

As a result, effective February 15, 2026, the assets and liabilities of the Cloud Services Business have been reclassified from held for sale to held and used in their respective financial statement lines on our unaudited condensed consolidated

balance sheets for all periods presented.

Similarly, the results of the Cloud Services Business have been reclassified from discontinued operations to continuing operations in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.

In connection with this change in classification, the long‑lived assets of the Cloud Services Business were remeasured in accordance with ASC 360‑10‑35‑44 at the lower of (i) their carrying amounts immediately before classification as held for sale, adjusted for depreciation and amortization that would have been recognized had the assets been continuously classified as held and used, and (ii) their fair values at the date we determined that the held‑for‑sale criteria were no longer met.

Management determined that as of February 15, 2026, when the Cloud Services Business no longer met the criteria for held for sale and discontinued operations, the carrying value of the long-lived assets of the Cloud Business was less than the fair value.

As such, we recorded a loss on classification of held for sale on our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations of $59.7 million for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026 representing the write down of the Cloud Services Business assets to their carrying value as of February 15, 2026 when it no longer qualified as held for sale.

Following the reclassification of the Cloud Services Business into our consolidated and continuing operations results, Management has determined that the segment’s operating characteristics and strategic role differ meaningfully from those of the Company’s core operations.

As a result, Management evaluates long-term performance and core business trends using non-GAAP financial measures that exclude the results of this segment, and the non-GAAP financial measures presented herein exclude the Cloud Services Business.

HPC Hosting Business

We recently commenced operations at our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus with 100MW of capacity.

We continue building our second HPC data center at Polaris Forge 1 to provide an additional 150MW of capacity.

These facilities are being designed and purpose-built to host high-density graphics processing unit architecture or other HPC applications, such as artificial intelligence, natural language processing, machine learning, and additional HPC developments.

Our third HPC focused data center facility at Polaris Forge 1, which is expected to provide an additional 150MW of capacity, is currently under construction, with an anticipated ready for service date in 2027.

On May 28, 2025, APLD ELN-02 LLC and APLD ELN-03 LLC, our subsidiaries, each entered into a data center lease (together, the “Data Center Leases”) with CoreWeave, Inc.

(“CoreWeave”) to deliver an aggregate of 250 MW of infrastructure to host CoreWeave’s HPC operations at Polaris Forge 1.

The first lease is for the full capacity of our 100 MW data center that was completed and became operational in October 2025, and the second lease is for the full capacity of our 150 MW data center that is also under construction.

We have guaranteed the obligations of APLD ELN-02 LLC and APLD ELN-03 LLC under the respective Data Center Lease to which such subsidiary is a party.

On August 28, 2025, APLD ELN-02 C LLC, our subsidiary, entered into a third data center lease, the (“Building 4 Lease”) with CoreWeave to deliver an additional 150 MW at Polaris Forge 1, bringing the total capacity under contract at Polaris Forge 1 to 400 MW.

We have guaranteed the obligations of APLD ELN-02 C LLC under the Building 4 Lease.

On August 18, 2025, we also announced that we would be breaking ground on our Polaris Forge 2 campus with an initial 200 MW data center near Harwood, North Dakota.

The project has begun and we currently anticipate reaching initial capacity in 2026 and reaching full capacity in early 2027.

On October 22, 2025, we announced that we entered into an approximately 15-year lease agreement with a U.S.

based investment grade hyperscaler for 200 MW of critical IT load at our Polaris Forge 2 campus.

On January 22, 2026 we announced that we broke ground on Delta Forge 1, a 300 MW critical IT load campus located in a strategic southern U.S.

We recognized $71.0 million and $182.3 million , in revenue from this business segment during the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026, respectively.

Management Update

On January 15, 2026, the Company appointed Jason Zhang, co-founder and Chief Strategy Officer, to serve as the Company’s co-founder and President.

Organizational Update

In part to facilitate the 2030 Notes Offering (as defined below), we completed a targeted reorganization of the entities and assets related to the Polaris Forge 1 campus.

This reorganization included a series of steps such as renaming certain existing entities and forming new direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD HPC Holdings LLC and APLD HPC Holdings 2 LLC, including APLD ComputeCo LLC, the issuer of the Notes (“APLD ComputeCo LLC”), and additional internal transactions, including equity distributions and contributions and asset transfers, resulting in APLD ELN-02 LLC, APLD ELN-03 LLC, ELN-02 and ELN-03 being owned by APLD ComputeCo.

APLD ComputeCo is wholly owned by a joint venture entity, APLD HPC TopCo 2, in which we own 90.0% of fully diluted common equity, and an affiliate of funds and investment vehicles managed by entities within MAM owns 10.0% of fully diluted common equity, as well as preferred equity.

In order to facilitate the 2031 Notes Offering (as defined below), we also completed a targeted reorganization of the entities and assets related to the Polaris Forge 2 campus consistent with the reorganizations completed in connecting with the 2030 Notes Offering.

This reorganization includes a series of steps such as renaming certain existing entities and forming new direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD FAR Holdings LLC, including APLD ComputeCo 2 LLC (“APLD ComputeCo 2”), the issuer of the 2031 Notes, and additional internal transactions, including equity distributions and contributions and asset transfers.

Under the resulting structure, APLD FAR-01 LLC and APLD FAR-02 LLC are owned by APLD ComputeCo 2.

APLD ComputeCo 2 is wholly owned by a joint venture entity, APLD HPC TopCo 2, in which we own 90.0% of fully diluted common equity, and an affiliate of funds and investment vehicles managed by entities within MAM owns 10.0% of fully diluted common equity, as well as preferred equity.

As of August 31, 2026, our 106 MW facility in Jamestown, North Dakota and our 180 MW facility in Ellendale, North Dakota continue to operate at full capacity.

We recognized $37.8 million in revenue from this business segment during the three months ended August 31, 2026.

In the prior fiscal year, we completed the separation of our cloud business in a series of transactions.

As of August 31, 2026, we own approximately 96% of the issued and outstanding equity of ChronoScale Holdings Corporation ("ChronoScale Holdings").

ChronoScale Holdings owns and operates our historic cloud business through its wholly owned subsidiary, ChronoScale Corporation, and is consolidated into our financial statements.

The cloud business currently operates in three states:

Colorado, Minnesota and Utah.

This business provides cloud services to customers, such as AI and machine learning developers by renting space at third party co-location centers and providing the customers with access to its cloud computing equipment.

Additionally, effective in the first quarter of fiscal year 2027, ChronoScale Holding’s cloud business provides AI infrastructure, or GPU-related, hardware, and ancillary support and maintenance services, through resale arrangements.

On July 1, 2026, we completed a holding company formation transaction (the “Holding Company Transaction”) that created the new parent holding company as the public company, with its operating companies as wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Applied Digital Cloud Corporation, which changed its name to ChronoScale Corporation.

We effected the holding company structure to better reflect our individual operating businesses, which allows for and can accommodate future growth from internal operations and generally provides for greater administrative and operational flexibility.

ChronoScale Holdings has the exact same classes and number of shares outstanding after the Holding Company Transaction as its predecessor had outstanding immediately before the Holding Company Transaction, and as such, the shareholders of ChronoScale Corporation prior to the Holding Company Transaction were not diluted as a result thereof.

Following the Holding Company Transaction, ChronoScale Holdings became the successor issuer to ChronoScale and continues to trade on Nasdaq under the ticker symbol “CHRN” with the same CUSIP.

On August 6, 2026, ChronoScale entered into a two-year strategic partnership with Microsoft to support the planned development of approximately 50 MW of AI compute capacity.

On August 24, 2026, ChronoScale entered into a one-year extension of such strategic partnership, resulting in a total of a three-year service term.

Upon projected completion, the deployment is expected to expand available compute capacity and further strengthen ChronoScale’s digital infrastructure supporting AI and cloud computing applications.

Debt and Equity Offerings and Changes to Equity

June 2025 At-the-Market Sales Agreement

On June 2, 2025, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement with Northland Securities, Inc.

and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (the “June 2025 Sales Agreement”), pursuant to which, up to $200,000,000 of shares of the Company's common stock may be issued if and when sold.

As of the date of this report, the Company has issued and sold approximately 15.3 million shares under the June 2025 Sales Agreement for gross proceeds of approximately $196.4 million.

Cloud SAFE Payoff

During the fiscal year ended May 31, 2025, we entered into two Simple Agreements for Future Equity (“SAFEs”) with an investor for equity in Cloud, which was, at that time, our wholly-owned subsidiary, for aggregate proceeds of $12.0 million.

On June 2, 2026, following an agreement reached with the investor, we paid off all amounts outstanding under the SAFEs, totaling $13.3 million.

$1.59 Billion Senior Secured Notes due 2031

On June 16, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC refinanced the Bridge Facility with the closing of a $1.59 billion offering (the “2031 7.000% Notes Offering”) of 7.000% senior secured notes due 2031 (the “2031 7.000% Notes”) at an issue price of 100.000% of par.

The 2031 7.000% Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC and bear interest at a rate of 7.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2026.

The principal amount of the 2031 7.000% Notes will amortize on a semi-annual basis on June 15 and December 15 of each year, pursuant to the terms and amounts set forth in the 2031 7.000% Notes Indenture.

The 2031 7.000% Notes will mature on June 15, 2031, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.

The 2031 7.000% Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors, all of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC.

The Company provided a customary completion guarantee for the 2031 7.000% Notes Offering.

Series G Preferred Stock

On August 14, 2025, we entered into the first amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Preferred Equity Purchase Agreement (the “PEPA”), dated April 30, 2025, to, among other things, (i) increase the aggregate commitment amount of the shares of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series G Preferred Stock”) from $150 million to $300 million, and (ii) increase our access to capital by removing the Put Limitation (as defined in the PEPA) that had previously limited the aggregate purchase price for any Put Issuance (as defined in the PEPA) to no more than $75 million.

In connection with the First Amendment, on August 14, 2025, we filed an amendment (the “First CoD Amendment”) to the Series G Certificate of Designation, originally filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on April 30, 2025.

The First CoD Amendment amends the Series G Certificate of Designation to, among other things, (i) increase the initial Floor Price (as set forth in Section 1.5(c)(i) of the Series G Certificate of Designation) to $12.50 from $4.25, and (ii) change the limit below which the Floor Price may not be reduced (as set forth in Section 1.5(c)(ii) of the Series G Certificate of Designation) to $4.33 from $1.34.

The Floor Price sets the minimum floor for the conversion price of the Series G Preferred Stock, which price may not be reduced unless we determine to do so in our discretion.

The First CoD Amendment further amended the status of converted or repurchased preferred stock such that any shares of Series G Preferred Stock that have been or will be converted will be retired and resume the status of authorized but unissued shares.

On September 11, 2025, we entered into the second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the PEPA, dated April 30, 2025, by and between us and the investors signatory thereto, as amended by the First Amendment, dated August 14, 2025 in order to increase our access to capital to fund the continued construction and development of our Polaris Forge 1 data center campus in Ellendale, North Dakota and other general corporate purposes.

The Second Amendment amends the PEPA to, among other things, increase the aggregate commitment amount of the shares of Series G Preferred Stock from $300 million to $450 million.

Concurrent with the Second Amendment, the

Company filed an amendment to the Certificate of Designations to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance as Series G Preferred Stock from 156,000 to 204,000 shares.

On September 25, 2025, the Company filed an amendment (the “Third CoD Amendment”) to the Series G Certificate of Designation, originally filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on April 30, 2025, as amended.

The Third CoD Amendment amended the Series G Certificate of Designation, as amended, to increase the Floor Price (as set forth in Section 1.5(c)(i) of the Certificate of Designation) to $22.00 from $12.50.

On October 7, 2025, the Company entered into the third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the PEPA, dated April 30, 2025, by and between the Company and the investors signatory thereto, as amended by the First Amendment and the Second Amendment, in order to increase its access to capital to fund the continued construction and development of its Polaris Forge I data center in Ellendale, North Dakota.

The Third Amendment amends the PEPA to, among other things, increase the aggregate commitment amount of the shares of the Series G Preferred Stock from 450.0 million to 590.0 million.

On October 21, 2025, Applied Digital entered into the fourth amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the PEPA in order to increase its access to capital to fund the continued construction and development of its Polaris Forge 1 and Polaris Forge 2 data centers in Ellendale and Harwood, North Dakota, as well as general working capital purposes and for transaction expenses.

The Fourth Amendment amended the PEPA to, among other things:

(i) increase the aggregate commitment amount of the shares of Series G Preferred Stock, from $590.0 million to $1.6 billion;

(ii) subject to waiver by a majority-in-interest of the investors, (a) set the maximum put issuance amount to $75.0 million per issuance, (b) set the limit to one put issuance per seven (7) business day period, and (c) set the maximum aggregate stated value of Series G Preferred Stock outstanding at any one time to $75.0 million;

(iii) increase the original discount from 2% to 3%;

(iv) eliminate the placement agent fee;

and (v) eliminate the prohibition on Variable Rate Transactions (as defined in the PEPA).

On October 21, 2025, in connection with the entry into the Fourth Amendment, the Applied Digital filed an amendment (the “Fifth Certificate of Designations Amendment”) to the Certificate of the Designations, Powers, Preferences and Rights of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock, originally filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on April 30, 2025, as amended on each of August 14, 2025, September 11, 2025, September 25, 2025 and October 14, 2025 (as amended, the “Certificate of Designations”).

The Fifth Certificate of Designations Amendment amended the Certificate of Designations to, among other things, (i) increase the authorized shares of Series G Preferred Stock from 204,000 shares to 1,030,000 shares, and (ii) increase the limit below which the Floor Price (as defined in Section 1.5(c)(ii) of the Certificate of Designations) may not be reduced from $4.33 to $4.48.

In addition, under the Fifth Certificate of Designations Amendment, the Applied Digital’s Board of Directors may increase or decrease the applicable Floor Price with respect to any put, at its sole discretion.

As Series G Preferred Stock may be reissued, during the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026, the Company issued and sold 154,500 and 758,550 shares of Series G Preferred Stock, respectively, for gross proceeds of $150.0 million and $740.0 million, respectively.

During the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026, 197,750 and 836,550 shares of Series G Preferred Stock, respectively, were converted into 5.6 million and 49.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively.

As of February 28, 2026, no shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

CoreWeave Warrants

On August 28, 2025, in connection with the entry into the Building 4 Lease, the Company issued to CoreWeave a warrant (the “Building 4 Warrant”) to acquire up to 8,393,611 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $10.75 per share, subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the Building 4 Warrant.

The Building 4 Warrant is on the same Form of Warrant as the initial warrant issued to CoreWeave on May 28, 2025, in connection with the data center leases entered into for Building 2 and Building 3 on May 28, 2025.

In addition, we agreed to file a resale registration statement with the SEC to register the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Building 4 Warrant pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 28, 2025, between us and CoreWeave (“CoreWeave Registration Rights Agreement”).

On October 31, 2025, CoreWeave assigned the Building 4 Warrant and its rights under the CoreWeave Registration Rights Agreement to Jane Street Global Trading, LLC.

Promissory Note

On September 9, 2025, APLD FAR-01 LLC, our subsidiary, entered into a promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) with Macquarie Equipment Capital, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Lender”).

The Promissory Note provides for a principal sum of (a) $50 million (the “Initial Loan”), which was drawn on the Closing Date, plus (b) subject to the mutual consent of

us and the Lender, additional loans in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $25 million (the “Additional Loans” and together with the Initial Loan, the “Loan”).

The Loan shall bear interest at 8.0% per annum, unless an Event of Default (as defined therein) has occurred and is continuing, in which case, the Secured Obligations (as defined therein) shall bear interest at the sum of 8.0% per annum plus an additional 1.50% per month (the “Post-Default Rate”).

From the Closing Date until the date that is twelve months following the Closing Date (the “PIK Period”), accrued interest will be paid in kind, with such payment in kind being capitalized to principal monthly and at such other times as may be specified in the Promissory Note.

After the PIK Period, accrued interest will be paid in cash, provided that (i) the Post-Default Rate interest is payable in cash on demand and (ii) accrued interest on any principal amount repaid or prepaid is payable on the date of such repayment or prepayment.

The Promissory Note matures on the earliest of (i) the date of acceleration of the Loan, (ii) February 1, 2026, if the 200 MW Lease Execution (as defined therein) has not occurred on or before October 31, 2025, or (iii) September 9, 2027.

The Loan will accelerate and we must mandatorily prepay the full outstanding principal balance of the Promissory Note, together with accrued interest to the date of prepayment on the principal amount prepaid and any other amounts then due and payable, upon the occurrence of any of the following conditions:

(a) a Change of Control (as defined therein), (b) within ninety (90) days following the occurrence of the 200 MW Lease Execution, and (c) within thirty (30) days following a Qualifying Preference Share Issuance (as defined therein).

We may voluntarily prepay all or part of the Promissory Note at any time with no less than three (3) business days’ notice with accrued interest to the date of prepayment on the principal amount prepaid, so long as, with respect to the portion of the Loan then being prepaid, in each case, such prepayment is accompanied by the payment of amounts sufficient to achieve a rate of return that equals or exceeds 1.10 to 1.00.

The same 1.10x return hurdle applies to repayment at maturity.

Amounts repaid under the Promissory Note will not be available to be re-borrowed.

Proceeds of the Loan under the Promissory Note will be used, in part, to (i) pay transaction costs, (ii) pay transaction expenses in connection with the Note Documents (as defined therein), (iii) fund the purchase of the financed properties located on the Company’s campus in Harwood, ND (“Polaris Forge 2”), including all associated closing costs, title fees, and legal expenses, (iv) finance improvements to the Polaris Forge 2 properties, (v) fund the purchase of the Transformers (as defined therein) and other equipment expected to be installed and used for the improvements of the Polaris Forge 2 properties, (v) to pay any other costs, fees, expenses, or amounts related to or in connection with the development and construction of Polaris Forge 2, and (vi) for general corporate working capital purposes.

In connection with the Loan, (i) APLD FAR-01 LLC, APLD FAR Holdings LLC (“Intermediate Holdings”), a Delaware limited liability company, as parent of the APLD FAR-01 LLC, and APLD FAR-02 LLC (“FAR-02”), a Delaware limited liability company, as a subsidiary of Intermediate Holdings, have entered into a guarantee and collateral agreement, as grantors thereunder, in favor of the Lender (the “Guarantee and Collateral Agreement”).

On November 28, 2025, the Company repaid the Promissory Note in full, including all outstanding and unpaid principal, accrued interest, and rate of return.

Amended and Restated Unit Purchase Agreement

As previously disclosed, on January 13, 2025, APLD HPC Holdings LLC (formerly, APLD ELN-02 Holdings LLC), an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Unit Purchase Agreement (the “Unit Purchase Agreement” or “UPA”) for its HPC Hosting Business with MIP VI HPC Holdings, LLC, which is an affiliate of funds and investment vehicles managed by entities within Macquarie Asset Management (“MAM”).

On February 11, 2025, APLD HPC Holdings LLC novated and assigned its rights, title and interests and duties, liabilities and obligations under the UPA to APLD HPC TopCo LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“TopCo 1”).

On October 3, 2025, the Company, TopCo 1, APLD HPC TopCo 2 LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Subsidiary Issuer”), and MIP HPC Holdings, LLC (formerly, MIP VI HPC Holdings, LLC) (the “Purchaser”) entered into an Amended and Restated Unit Purchase Agreement (the “A&R UPA”).

On October 6, 2025, all conditions to the Initial Closing (as defined in the A&R UPA) were satisfied and the Initial Closing occurred.

At the Initial Closing, the Subsidiary Issuer sold to the Purchaser 112,500 Preferred Units in the Subsidiary Issuer at a price per Preferred Unit of $1,000, for an aggregate purchase price of $112.5 million, and for no additional consideration, the Subsidiary Issuer agreed to issue to the Purchaser such number of Common Units of the Subsidiary Issuer representing, in the aggregate, seven and a half percent (7.5%) of the fully diluted common equity of the Subsidiary Issuer as of immediately following the Initial Closing.

The proceeds of the Initial Closing will be used to pay, among other

things, construction and development costs of Polaris Forge 1 and transaction expenses.

MAM has the right to invest up to an additional $4.9 billion under the A&R UPA.

In addition, pursuant to the A&R UPA, on October 6, 2025, the Company issued to the designated affiliates of the Purchaser, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2.4 million shares of the Company’s common stock.

The warrants will become exercisable upon the Purchaser funding the full $450 million in Polaris Forge 1.

Also on October 6, 2025, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement with the Purchaser, pursuant to which the Company agreed to file with the SEC a registration statement registering the resale of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants within 60 days of the execution of the registration rights agreement.

On November 25, 2025, the Subsidiary Issuer sold to the Purchaser 450,000 Preferred Units in the Subsidiary Issuer at a price per Preferred Unit of $1,000, for an aggregate purchase price of $450.0 million.

On December 9, 2025, the Subsidiary Issuer sold to the Purchaser an additional 337,500 Preferred Units in the Subsidiary Issuer at a price per Preferred Unit of $1,000, for an aggregate purchase price of $337.5 million, bringing the total amount funded to date under the A&R UPA to $900.0 million.

Additionally, 27,778 common units were issued.

Retirement of Treasury Stock

On October 7, 2025, the Board of Directors approve and authorized 9,291,199 shares of the Company’s capital stock that was currently held in treasury stock to be retired and returned to the authorized but unissued capital stock.

During the quarter ended February 28, 2026, 800,000 of the STB Warrants were exercised for $6.3 million.

Settlement of Prepaid Forward Transaction

On November 3, 2025, the Company’s Prepaid Forward Transaction associated with the Convertible Notes matured and the Company received 7,165,300 shares of common stock which are now held in treasury stock as of February 28, 2026.

Increase In Authorized Shares

On November 5, 2025, at the Annual Stockholders’ Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, increasing the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder to 600,000,000 shares, which became effective upon filing on November 6, 2025.

Increase in 2024 Plan Authorized Shares

On November 5, 2025, at the Annual Stockholders’ Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Applied Digital Corporation 2024 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance thereunder by 15,000,000 shares.

Revolving Credit Facility

On November 10, 2025, we entered into a loan and security agreement with First National Bank of Omaha, pursuant to which the lender agreed to make one or more revolving loans, and issue letters of credit, from time to time to the Company in an aggregate principal amount of $65 million.

Amounts borrowed and repaid are available for future borrowing.

Interest accrues on the outstanding balance at a rate of SOFR plus 2.75% per annum.

The loan is secured by all of the Company’s (but none of its subsidiaries’) assets.

As of February 28, 2026, approximately $61.9 million of letters of credit were issued under the revolving credit facility.

Senior Secured Notes

On November 20, 2025, our subsidiary APLD ComputeCo, closed a $2.35 billion offering (the “2030 Notes Offering”) of 9.250% senior secured notes due 2030 (the “2030 Notes”) at an issue price of 97.000%.

The 2030 Notes were issued and sold in a private offering to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and outside the United States to non-U.S.

persons in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act.

The 2030 Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo and bear interest at a rate of 9.250% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on June 15, 2026.

The principal amount of the 2030 Notes will amortize on a semi-annual basis on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2027, in amounts set forth in the Indenture.

The 2030 Notes will mature on December 15, 2030, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.

The 2030 Notes are fully and unconditionally

guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors, all of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo.

Other than a customary completion guarantee, the Company is not providing credit support for the 2030 Notes Offering.

SMBC Loan Extinguishment

Concurrently with the closing of the 2030 Notes Offering, we repaid in full the aggregate principal balance plus accrued interest under the Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of February 11, 2025, by and among APLD HPC Holdings LLC, the Subsidiary Guarantors thereunder (as defined therein), the lenders party thereto and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (“SMBC”), as administrative agent.

DevCo Facility

On December 18, 2025, APLD DevCo LLC (the “Borrower”), a subsidiary of the Company, entered into an ongoing credit arrangement with MEC, for the purposes of funding the initial sourcing, planning, development and construction costs associated with a new data center project (the “DevCo Facility”) and other potential projects.

The DevCo Facility is evidenced by, among other documents, that certain Promissory Note, dated as of December 18, 2025 (such date, the “Initial Closing Date”) (as amended and restated by that certain Amendment No.

1 to Promissory Note dated as of February 24, 2026 and as may be further amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Promissory Note”) executed by the Borrower in favor of MEC.

The Promissory Note provides for a principal sum of (a) $45 million (the “First Draw”), which was drawn on the Initial Closing Date, plus (b) $40 million (the “Second Draw”) which was drawn on February 24, 2026, plus (c) $15 million (the “Third Draw,” and, together with the First Draw and the Second Draw, the “Initial Loan,” and each, individually, a “Draw”) with the Third Draw to be funded upon the Borrower’s request at any time after the Initial Closing Date subject to satisfaction of or waiver by MEC of certain conditions precedent on or prior to the Third Draw, plus (d) the principal sum of any Additional Loans (as defined below, and, together with the Initial Loan, the “Loan”), if applicable, made by MEC (at the mutual consent of the Borrower and MEC).

In addition, the Promissory Note provides for, upon request of the Borrower occurring prior to the Maturity Date (as defined below), (a) rolling over of the outstanding principal balance of the Loan from time to time into one or more loans for one or more new projects (such rollovers, the “Rollover Loans”), or (b) increasing the size of the existing Loan by advancing new loans to the Borrower (such loans, the “Additional Loans”), in either case, for the purpose of financing development activities at new or existing data center projects at direct or indirect, wholly owned domestic subsidiaries of the Borrower, each of which shall become a guarantor with respect to such Additional Loans or Rollover Loans, as applicable, subject to the prior written approval of MEC (in its sole discretion) and the satisfaction of the conditions specified by MEC.

Each Draw is fully committed, but any Additional Loans or Rollover Loans made by MEC under the Promissory Note would be on an uncommitted, discretionary basis (with no specified maximum borrowing limit for any Additional Loans or Rollover Loans).

The Loan matures on the earliest of (i) the date of acceleration of the Loan, (ii) July 18, 2026, if the Initial Lease Execution (as defined therein) has not occurred on or before April 18, 2026, or (iii) December 18, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”).

Proceeds from the Loan will be used, in part, to (i) pay transaction expenses, and (ii) fund the purchase, development and improvement of, and the purchase of equipment for, our latest new project under development.

In connection with the Loan, (i) APLD Intermediate as direct parent of the Borrower, and the Borrower’s subsidiaries (the “Note Parties”) have entered into a guarantee and collateral agreement, as grantors thereunder, in favor of MEC (the “Guarantee and Collateral Agreement”), and (ii) the Company has entered into a parent guarantee in favor of MEC to guarantee the obligations of the Note Parties under the Promissory Note.

On June 26, 2026, we entered into the sixth amendment to the PEPA to increase the aggregate commitment amount under the PEPA for the issuance of shares of Series G Preferred Stock from $1,590,000,000 to $2,000,000,000.

As Series G Preferred Stock may be reissued, during the three months ended August 31, 2026, we issued and sold 283,250 shares of Series G Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $275.0 million.

During the three months ended August 31, 2026,

154,500 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into 4.5 million shares of our common stock.

As of August 31, 2026, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

Satisfaction of Escrow Release Condition for 6.750% Senior Secured Notes due 2031

On June 18, 2026, APLD ComputeCo 2 satisfied the escrow release condition under the escrow agreement for the 2031 6.750% Notes and executed and delivered to the escrow agent an escrow release certificate directing the escrow agent to release the funds in the escrow account to APLD ComputeCo 2 and apply such funds in accordance with the escrow agreement and the indenture for the 2031 6.750% Notes.

Upsize of 2026 Revolving Credit Facility

On June 26, 2026, in connection with the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility, the Company, APLD Intermediate HoldCo, and certain subsidiaries of APLD Intermediate HoldCo entered into an Incremental Assumption Agreement No.

1 (the “Incremental Assumption Agreement”), with First National Bank of Omaha (in its capacities as administrative agent and collateral agent under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility) and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, providing for an Incremental Revolving Facility Commitment (as defined in the Incremental Assumption Agreement) in an aggregate principal amount of up to $80.0 million (the “Incremental Revolving Financing”).

After giving effect to the Incremental Assumption Agreement, the aggregate revolving commitments under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility increased to $430.0 million, with an additional $120 million accordion option remaining.

The Incremental Revolving Financing constitutes a part of the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility and is subject to the terms and conditions of the Revolving Credit Agreement and the other loan documents entered into in connection therewith.

Loan and Security Agreement

On June 30, 2026, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the "Texas Capital Loan Agreement") with Texas Capital Bank ("Texas Capital") and a related Promissory Note in favor of Texas Capital in the stated principal amount of $58.5 million (the "Texas Capital Note").

The Texas Capital Loan Agreement contains standard terms, conditions and covenants.

Interest is payable on the Texas Capital Note at the sum of an adjusted term SOFR plus an applicable margin.

The Texas Capital Note matures on June 30, 2031.

Series E and Series E-1 Redemptions

During the three months ended August 31, 2026, 276,673 shares of Series E Preferred Stock were redeemed as well as 78 shares of Series E-1 Preferred Stock.

Recent Developments

2031 Senior Secured Notes

On March 10, 2026, our subsidiary APLD ComputeCo 2 LLC, closed a $2.15 billion offering (the “2031 Notes Offering”) of 6.750% senior secured notes due 2031 (the “2031 Notes”) at an issue price of 98.000% of par.

The 2031 Notes were issued and sold in a private offering to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and outside the United States to non-U.S.

persons in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act.

The 2031 Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo 2 LLC and bear interest at a rate of 6.750% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2026.

The principal amount of the 2031 Notes will amortize on a semi-annual basis on March 15 and September 15 of each year, in amounts set forth in the Indenture.

The 2031 Notes will mature on March 15, 2031, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.

The 2031 Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors, all of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo 2.

The Company provided a customary completion guarantee for the 2031 Notes Offering.

The gross proceeds from the 2031 Notes Offering were deposited into a segregated escrow account pending the execution of an electric service agreement with certain providers on the terms and conditions of a related escrow agreement.

Once the escrow release condition thereunder is satisfied, the escrowed funds will be released into the project accounts to fund the development and construction of the facilities.

If the escrow release condition is not satisfied on or prior to June 30, 2026, or is deemed incapable of being satisfied by such date, the 2031 Notes will be subject to a special mandatory redemption at a price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

B&W Guarantee

On February 26, 2026, the Company entered into a Guarantee (the “Guarantee”) in favor of The Babcock & Wilcox Company (“B&W”), pursuant to which Applied Digital has agreed to unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the full and timely performance by Base Electron, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Base Electron”), of its obligations under that certain Design-Build Agreement, dated February 26, 2026, by and between Base Electron and B&W (the “Design-Build Agreement”).

The Design-Build Agreement contemplates the engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning of a power generation facility with an expected nameplate capacity of approximately 1.2 GW anticipated to expand power and capacity supplied to the grid and utility customers in the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (“MISO”) region.

The Company’s obligations under the Guarantee are absolute and unconditional and continue until all obligations under the Design-Build Agreement have been fully performed or otherwise discharged.

However, the Company may, in its sole discretion, terminate the Guarantee and all of its existing and future obligations thereunder upon the occurrence of any one of the following events, (i) the listing of Base Electron’s equity securities on a national securities exchange, (ii) the consummation by Base Electron of a financing transaction resulting in gross proceeds of at least $50 million (provided that Base Electron is current in its payments to B&W), or (iii) the payment by the Company of a termination fee equal to either $50 million (if paid by August 1, 2026 and Base Electron is current in its payments to B&W) or $100 million.

On November 4, 2025, the Company and Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc.

(“BWE”), B&W’s parent, entered into an agreement under which the Company contributed $2.0 million to BWE in exchange for 500,000 shares of BWE’s common stock and warrants to purchase 2,600,000 shares of BWE’s common stock with an exercise price of $4.11 (the “Initial Warrants”).

Additionally, under the agreement, to incentivize the Company to execute a definitive agreement with B&W related to B&W designing and installing natural gas technology that will provide on gigawatt of efficient energy for an APLD AI data center, BWE agreed to issue additional warrants to purchase 7,860,000 shares of common stock for $4.11 per share (the “Additional Warrants”) to the Company upon execution of such a definitive agreement between B&W and the Company.

As described in Note 5 - Related Party Transaction and Note 8 - Derivative Assets, on February 26, 2026 a definitive agreement was executed between Base Electron and B&W, with the Company as the guarantor.

Subsequent to the end of the quarter, the Company entered into an Assignment and Assumption Agreement, by and among the Company, Base Electron, BWE and B&W, pursuant to which the Company partially assigned its rights with respect to the Additional Warrants (such partial assignment representing the right to purchase up to 5,230,000 shares of BWE common stock) to Base Electron.

The warrants were assigned by the Company to Base Electron in connection with Base Electron’s entry into a Design-Build Agreement with B&W.

On March 18, 2026, the Company received the remaining Additional Warrants (representing the right to purchase up to 2,630,000 shares of BWE common stock).

Base Electron is an independent power producer owned and managed by a combination of third parties, as well as certain officers and directors of the Company

acting in their individual capacities, for the purpose of developing stabilized power generation and infrastructure to support the broader AI industry.

CoreWeave Restructuring Agreements

On March 30, 2026, the Company and CoreWeave amended the lease for Building 2 (the “ELN-02 Parent Lease”) to suspend the term for two of the four data halls covered by the lease (the “ELN-02 Parent Lease Amendment”) and the Company entered into a new data center lease with CoreWeave Compute Acquisition Co.

VIII, LLC (“CoreWeave SPV”), a wholly owned subsidiary of CoreWeave, for those same two data halls on substantially the same terms as the ELN-02 Parent Lease (the “ELN-02 SPV Lease”).

The ELN-02 SPV Lease is conterminous with the initial term of the ELN-02 Parent Lease.

Upon the expiration or earlier termination of the ELN-02 SPV Lease, the suspended term under the ELN-02 Parent Lease will resume and all four data halls of Building 2 will once again be governed by the ELN-02 Parent Lease.

As further credit enhancement, CoreWeave delivered to APLD ELN-02 LLC an Unconditional Springing Guaranty of Payment and Performance (the “ELN-02 Guaranty”) in connection with CoreWeave SPV’s obligations under the ELN-02 SPV Lease.

CoreWeave is obligated to provide a letter of credit in the amount of $50,000,000 to secure obligations under the ELN-02 Parent Lease within 30 days of March 30, 2026.

In addition, on March 30, 2026, CoreWeave entered into an Assignment, Assumption and Consent Agreement with CoreWeave SPV and APLD ELN-03 LLC (the “Assignment Agreement”), assigning all of CoreWeave’s rights and obligations under its lease with the Company for Building 3 (the “ELN-03 Parent Lease”) to CoreWeave SPV for the remaining term of the ELN-03 Parent Lease and releasing CoreWeave from the ELN-03 Parent Lease.

In addition, CoreWeave also provided an Unconditional Springing Guaranty of Payment and Performance in connection with CoreWeave SPV’s obligations under the ELN-03 Parent Lease (the “ELN-03 Guaranty”), similar to the ELN-02 Guaranty.

Subsequent to the quarter, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into an aggregate of 5.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock.

Sale of Legacy Ekso Business

On September 30, 2026, ChronoScale, through its wholly-owned subsidiary ChronoScale Intermediate LLC, completed the sale of its legacy Ekso business through two related transactions:

Ekso and its wholly-owned German subsidiary sold substantially all of the assets of Ekso’s “EksoWorks” industrial exoskeleton business, including the EVO product line, to DynaWear Tech, Inc.

under an asset purchase agreement, and immediately thereafter, ChronoScale Intermediate LLC sold all of the outstanding capital stock of Ekso, which held the remaining neuro-rehabilitation business, to WanderEkso Inc., a subsidiary of Wandercraft SAS, under a stock purchase agreement.

Base Electron Power Purchase Agreement

On October 4, 2026, the Company entered into a Power Purchase Agreement with Base Electron, for the purchase of capacity and energy from an approximately 1,200 MW natural gas-fired generation facility to be developed by Base Electron in North Dakota, which is intended to provide dedicated generation for our Polaris Forge 3 campus expansion.

Results of Operations

Comparative Results for the Three and Nine Months Ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025:

The following table sets forth key components of the results of operations (in thousands) during the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025.

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended

February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025

Revenue $ 126,637 $ 52,921 $ 352,562 $ 175,567

Related party revenue — — — 1,926

Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025:

The following table sets forth key components of the results of operations (in thousands) during the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025.

Three Months Ended

August 31, 2026 August 31, 2025

Services and other revenue $ 262,755 $ 80,934

Data center rental and other revenue 79,120 —

Total revenue 341,875 80,934

Costs and expenses:

Cost of revenues (1)

72,832 49,141 235,398 162,562

Services and other cost of revenue 245,709 58,831

Data center rental and other cost of revenue 43,862 140

Selling, general and administrative (1)

114,683 29,482

Loss (gain) on classification as held for sale (4)

59,650 — 59,650 (24,616)

Loss on abandonment of assets — 2,243

1 unchanged sentence

Operating loss (62,379) (9,762)

Interest (income) expense, net (2,387) 8,897 18,883 23,687

Gain on change in fair value of derivatives (9,417) — (22,543) —

Gain on change in fair value of investment (5)

(3,305) — (6,072) —

Loss on conversion of debt

Loss on change in fair value of debt — — — 85,439

Loss on extinguishment of debt — 1,177 — 1,177

Loss on change in fair value of warrants

Interest expense 77,383 8,013

Interest income (2)

(35,821) (857)

Loss on change in fair value of derivatives 49,511 —

Loss on change in fair value of investment 11,352 —

Other expense, net 1,311 —

Net loss before income tax expense (166,115) (16,918)

Income tax (benefit) expense (2) 117 21 118

Income tax expense 1,886 8

Net loss from continuing operations (168,001) (16,926)

Net loss from discontinued operations (16,054) —

Net loss (184,055) (16,926)

Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest (28,747) — (31,910) —

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest and redeemable noncontrolling interest (51,484) —

Preferred dividends (1,543) (1,576)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ (237,082) $ (18,502)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

Continuing operations $ (221,028) $ (18,502)

Discontinued operations (16,054) —

Net loss $ (237,082) $ (18,502)

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders

Continuing operations $ (0.76) $ (0.07)

Discontinued operations (0.06) —

Basic and diluted net loss per share $ (0.82) $ (0.07)

Basic and diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding 291,557,618 255,892,902

2 unchanged sentences

$ 300,393 $ 64,216

Adjusted operating income $ 25,615 $ 1,883 $ 33,614 $ 5,462

Adjusted operating income (loss) $ 37,816 $ (3,616)

Adjusted operating margin

24 % 5 % 11 % 5 %

Adjusted net income (loss) $ 33,156 $ (2,590) $ 22,607 $ (4,899)

Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding

382,306,393 222,454,578 371,994,670 193,405,721

Adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share $ 0.09 $ (0.01) $ 0.07 $ (0.03)

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders $ (4,053) $ (7,570)

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders per diluted share $ (0.01) $ (0.03)

Other Financial Data (3)

4 unchanged sentences

as a percentage of adjusted revenue

41 % 18 % 22 % 18 %

(1) Includes depreciation and amortization of $19.5 million and $17.5 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, and $30.4 million and $75.4 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, respectively.

(2) Includes depreciation and amortization of $1.3 million and $1.2 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, and $3.1 million and $4.1 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, respectively.

(3) Includes related party selling, general and administrative expense of $0.1 million for each of the three months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, and $0.2 million for each of the nine months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, respectively.

Net operating income $ 58,829 $ —

Net operating income margin 89 % — %

(1) Includes related party selling, general and administrative expense of $49.7 thousand and $74.3 thousand for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.

See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of related party transactions.

(4) Includes $25 million received in connection with the sale of our Garden City facility once conditional approval requirements were met and escrowed funds were released during the nine months ended February 28, 2025.

(5) Includes related party gain on change in fair value of investment of $2.0 million for each of the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026.

(2) Includes related party income of $0.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

See Note 7 - Related Party Transactions for further discussion of related party transactions.

2 unchanged sentences

A reconciliation of reported amounts to adjusted amounts can be found in the "Non-GAAP Measures and Reconciliation" section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Commentary on Results of Operations Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended February 28, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended February 28, 2025

Revenue increased $73.7 million, or 139%, from $52.9 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025 to $126.6 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026.

Approximately $71.0 million of the increase was due to revenue generated related to our HPC Hosting Business, with approximately $44.1 million related to base rent, $18.9 million related to tenant fit-out services and $8.1 million related to power pass through arrangements and other ancillary revenue streams as our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus was fully operating during the current quarter.

The remaining increase in revenue was due to performance improvements in our other segments during the three months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the three months ended February 28, 2025.

Commentary on Results of Operations Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended August 31, 2025

Services and other revenue increased $181.8 million, or 225%, from $80.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $262.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

The increase was primarily due to an increase in tenant fit-out services of approximately $157.2 million.

This revenue also consisted of approximately $23.0 million in GPU hardware sales related to ChronoScale.

The remaining increase in services and other revenue was due to performance improvements in Data Center Hosting Business and ChronoScale during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.

Data center rental and other revenue was $79.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to no revenue for the three months ended August 31, 2025, as our HPC Hosting Business commenced operations in the second half of the fiscal year 2026, resulting in approximately $65.8 million related to base rent, net of $0.9 million in amortization of customer lease incentives, and $13.3 million related to tenant recoveries.

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues increased $23.7 million, or 48%, from $49.1 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025 to $72.8 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026.

The increase in cost of revenues was categorized as follows:

Services and other cost of revenues increased $186.9 million, or 318%, from $58.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $245.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

The increase in services and other cost of revenues was due to the following changes:

• approximately $151.1 million increase in expenses associated with tenant fit-out services for our HPC Hosting Business;

• approximately $4.8 million increase in personnel expenses due to the increases in headcount as well as other related costs directly supporting revenue;

• approximately $4.1 million increase in energy costs associated with our Data Center Hosting Business;

• approximately $2.0 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense due to an increase in owned and leased assets in-service directly supporting revenue.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $5.2 million in lease and lease related expenses due to the renegotiations of certain of our leases during fiscal year 2026.

• approximately $22.4 million in cost of revenue associated with GPU hardware sales related to ChronoScale, which commenced during the current fiscal quarter;

• approximately $14.2 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense due to the Cloud Services Business no longer being classified as held for sale;

• approximately $3.6 million increase in lease and lease related expenses primarily related to ChronoScale’s operating leases;

• approximately $0.3 million increase in personnel expenses and other costs due to the increases in headcount as well as other related costs directly supporting revenue.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of approximately $4.7 million in energy costs associated with our Data Center Hosting Business and other costs directly supporting revenue.

Data center rental and other cost of revenue increased by $43.7 million, from $0.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $43.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 as the Company’s HPC hosting operations were not fully commenced during the first fiscal quarter 2026.

The increase in data center rental and other cost of revenue was categorized as follows:

• approximately $22.4 million increase in depreciation and amortization associated with our HPC Hosting Business;

• approximately $13.3 million increase in expenses which are reimbursable as tenant recoveries;

• approximately $5.6 million increase in rental property operating expenses, which are not eligible for recovery from our tenant;

• approximately $1.3 million increase in property insurance expenses associated with our HPC Hosting Business;

• approximately $0.8 million increase in property tax expenses associated with our HPC Hosting Business.

Selling, general and administrative expense

Selling, general and administrative expense increased $57.0 million, or 251%, from $22.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025 to $79.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026.

The change in selling, general and administrative expense was categorized as follows:

• approximately $39.3 million increase in stock based compensation primarily due to an increase in shares awarded related to the increase in headcount and performance stock awards granted during the three months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the three months ended February 28, 2025;

Selling, general and administrative expense increased $85.2 million, or 289%, from $29.5 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $114.7 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

The increase in selling, general and administrative expense was categorized as follows:

• approximately $51.7 million increase in stock based compensation primarily due to an increase in shares awarded related to the increase in headcount and increase in performance stock awards granted in the period after the three months ended August 31, 2025;

• approximately $12.1 million increase in professional service expense primarily related to legal services provided on discrete transactions and projects, as well as general support of the business;

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• approximately $9.5 million increase in other selling, general, and administrative expense such as travel, computer and software expenses;

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $3.9 million in lease and lease related expense due to the renegotiations of certain of our leases during fiscal year 2026.

Loss on classification as held for sale

Loss on classification of held for sale was $59.7 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026, due to the write down of the Cloud Services Business assets to their carrying value as of February 15, 2026 when it no longer qualified as held for sale.

See further discussion above.

There was no such loss recorded in the prior year comparative period.

• approximately $2.0 million increase in lease and lease related expense primarily related to ChronoScale’s operating leases.

Loss on abandonment of assets

Loss on abandonment of assets was $0.1 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026, driven by the write down of assets to their fair value upon disposal.

Loss on abandonment of assets was $2.2 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025, driven by the write down of assets to their fair value upon disposal.

There was no such loss recorded in the current year comparative period.

Interest expense

Interest expense increased $69.4 million, or 866%, from $8.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025, to $77.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

As we entered into more debt arrangements, there was an increase of approximately $66.4 million in interest expense, approximately $2.8 million in loan issuance discount, and approximately $2.4 million in loan issuance cost.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $2.2 million in finance lease interest associated with the renegotiation of the majority of our finance leases during fiscal year ended May 31, 2026.

Interest income

Interest income increased $35.0 million, or 4,080%, from $0.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $35.8 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 due to an increase in funds held in interest-bearing accounts.

Loss on change in fair value of derivatives

Loss on the change in fair value of derivatives was $49.5 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, due a decrease of $56.1 million in the fair value of our Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc.

(“B&W”) common stock warrant and an increase of $6.6 million in the fair value of the derivative assets related to the preferred units and corresponding common units held by APLD HPC TopCo 2’s redeemable noncontrolling interest.

There was no such loss recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Interest (income) expense, net

Interest (income) expense, net decreased $11.3 million, or 127%, from interest expense, net of $8.9 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025, to interest income, net of $2.4 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026.

The change was due to an increase of $19.3 million in interest income due to an increase in funds held in interest-bearing demand deposit accounts and a decrease of $3.0 million in finance lease interest associated with the renegotiation of the majority of our finance leases during the three months ended February 28, 2026.

This decrease was partially offset by increases of $9.9 million in loan interest expense and $1.1 million in issuance costs amortization as we entered into more debt arrangements during the three months ended February 28, 2026.

Gain on change in fair value of derivatives

Gain on the change in fair value of derivatives was $9.4 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026, due an increase of $6.1 million in the fair value of our Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc.

(“B&W”) common stock warrant and an increase of $3.3 million in the fair value of the derivative assets related to the preferred units and corresponding common units held by APLD HPC TopCo 2’s noncontrolling interest.

There was no such gain recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Gain on change in fair value of investment

Gain on change in fair value of investment was $3.3 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026, due to an increase of $1.3 million in the fair value of our investment in B&W common stock and an increase of $2.0 million in fair value of our investment in Base Electron, a related party.

There was no such gain recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Commentary on Results of Operations Comparative Results for the Nine Months Ended February 28, 2026 compared to the Nine Months Ended February 28, 2025

Revenue increased $177.0 million, or 101%, from $175.6 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $352.6 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

Our HPC Hosting Business commenced operations at our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus resulting in the recognition of approximately $182.3 million, with

approximately $118.2 million related to tenant fit-out services, $55.7 million related to base rent and $8.4 million related to power pass through arrangements and other ancillary revenue streams as our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus became fully operational during the current fiscal year.

Additionally, there was an increase of $12.8 million in revenue generated by our Data Center Hosting Business due to performance improvements compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025.

These increases were offset by a decrease of $18.1 million in revenue from our Cloud Services Business during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 due to a decrease in the fixed rate per GPU compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025.

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues increased by $72.8 million, or 45%, from $162.6 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $235.4 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

The increase was primarily driven by the growth in the business as more facilities were energized and more services were provided to customers compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025.

The increase in cost of revenues was categorized as follows:

• approximately $112.5 million increase in expenses associated with tenant fit-out services for our HPC Hosting Business which we began providing during the current fiscal year;

• approximately $14.3 million increase in energy costs associated with our Data Center Hosting Business;

• approximately $5.7 million increase in other expenses such as personnel expenses directly attributable to generating revenue.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $45.0 million in depreciation and amortization expense and a decrease of $14.7 million in lease and related expenses for the nine months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025, primarily due to the Cloud Services Business being classified as held for sale until February 15, 2026, as well as due to the renegotiations of certain of our leases during fiscal year 2026.

Selling, general and administrative expense

Selling, general and administrative expense increased by $100.0 million, or 150%, from $66.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $166.8 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

The increase was primarily due to the overall growth in the business.

The change in selling, general and administrative expense was categorized as follows:

• approximately $81.5 million increase in stock based compensation primarily due to an increase in shares awarded related to the increase in headcount and performance stock awards granted during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025 as well as the lack of PSU cancellations during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025;

• approximately $11.6 million increase in other selling, general, and administrative expense such as travel, computer and software expenses;

• approximately $10.4 million increase in professional service expense primarily related to legal services provided on discrete transactions and projects, as well as general support of the business;

• approximately $8.1 million increase in personnel expenses, related to the increase in headcount period over period.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $10.7 million in lease and related expenses and a decrease of $1.0 million in depreciation and amortization expense for the nine months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025, primarily due to the Cloud Services Business being classified as held for sale until February 15, 2026, which resulted in decreased depreciation and amortization recorded as well as due to the renegotiations of certain of our leases during fiscal year 2026.

Loss (gain) on classification of held for sale

Loss (gain) on classification of held for sale changed by $84.3 million, or 342%, from a gain of $24.6 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to a loss of $59.7 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

The loss during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 was due to the write down of the Cloud Services Business assets to their carrying value as of February 15, 2026 when it no longer qualified as held for sale.

See further discussion above.

Comparatively, the gain during the nine months ended February 28, 2025 was due to the receipt of $25.0 million of funds received in

connection with the sale of our Garden City facility as conditional approval requirements were met and escrowed funds were released.

Loss on abandonment of assets

Loss on abandonment of assets increased by $1.6 million, or 205%, from $0.8 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $2.3 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026, driven by the write down of assets to their fair value upon disposal.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense, net decreased $4.8 million, or 20%, from $23.7 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $18.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

The decrease was primarily driven by a $22.1 million increase in interest income due to an increase in funds held in interest-bearing demand deposit accounts and a decrease of $6.0 million in finance lease interest due to renegotiations of certain of our leases during the fiscal year 2026.

This decrease was partially offset by increases of $21.4 million in loan interest expense and $1.9 million in issuance costs amortization as we entered into more debt arrangements during the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

Gain on change in fair value of derivatives

Gain on change in fair value of derivatives was $22.5 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026, due an increase of $19.2 million in fair value of our Babcock & Wilcox Enterprises, Inc.

(“B&W”) common stock warrant and an increase of $3.3 million in fair value of the derivative assets related to the preferred units and corresponding common units held by APLD HPC TopCo 2’s noncontrolling interest.

There was no such gain recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Gain on change in fair value of investment

Gain on change in fair value of investment was $6.1 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026, due to an increase of $4.1 million in fair value of our investment in B&W common stock and an increase of $2.0 million in fair value of our investment in Base Electron, a related party.

There was no such gain recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Comparative Segment Data for the Three and Nine Months Ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025:

The following table sets forth the operating (loss) profit for each of our segments for the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended

February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025

Segment (loss) profit

Loss on change in fair value of investment

Loss on change in fair value of investment was $11.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, due to a decrease in fair value of our investment in B&W common stock.

There was no such loss recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Other expense, net

Other expense, net was $1.3 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and consisted of a loss of approximately $1.3 million due to the settlement of the SAFEs as a result of an agreement reached with the investor offset by a gain on the fair value of warrants issued to third parties.

There was no such activity recorded in the prior year comparative period.

Income tax expense

Income tax expense was $1.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026, compared to nominal expense for the three months ended August 31, 2025.

This change was driven by an increase in current federal and state income tax expense during the current fiscal quarter.

Net loss from discontinued operations

Net loss from discontinued operations was $16.1 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and represents the income statement activity related to the Ekso business at ChronoScale classified as held for sale and discontinued operations.

There was no such activity in the prior year comparative period.

Comparative Segment Data for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025:

The following table sets forth the operating (loss) profit for each of our segments for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025 (in thousands):

Three Months Ended

August 31, 2026 August 31, 2025

Segment profit

Data Center Hosting Business

$ 13,327 $ 6,035

Cloud Services Business

(52,194) (10,308) (24,919) (31,928)

HPC Hosting Business

33,431 (2,022)

Total segment (loss) profit $ (20,770) $ (1,750) $ 23,879 $ 16,231

Commentary on Segment Data Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended February 28, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended February 28, 2025

Data Center Hosting Business

Operating Profit

Data Center Hosting Business operating profit increased $5.1 million, or 58%, from $8.8 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025 to $13.9 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026 primarily due to site performance improvements.

Additionally, for the three months ended February 28, 2026, there was a decrease of $2.7 million in cost of revenues due to more advantageous power pricing when compared to the to the three months ended February 28, 2025.

Cloud Services Business

Operating Loss

Cloud Services Business operating loss increased $41.9 million, or 406%, from $10.3 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025 to $52.2 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026.

This increase was primarily due to the write down of the Cloud Services Business assets to their carrying value as of February 15, 2026 when it no longer qualified as held for sale.

HPC Hosting Business

Operating Profit

HPC Hosting Business operating profit increased $17.8 million, or 8012%, from a loss of $0.2 million for the three months ended February 28, 2025 to a profit of $17.6 million for the three months ended February 28, 2026.

The change is primarily due to revenue generated related to tenant fit-out services, net of expenses, as well as rental revenues at our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus as it was fully operational during the three months ended February 28, 2026.

Commentary on Segment Data Comparative Results for the Nine Months Ended February 28, 2026 compared to the Nine Months Ended February 28, 2025

Total segment profit $ 46,758 $ 4,013

Commentary on Segment Data Comparative Results for the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended August 31, 2025

Data Center Hosting Business

Operating Profit

Data Center Hosting Business operating profit decreased $21.3 million, or 37%, from $57.2 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $35.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

This decrease in operating profit is primarily due to the recognition of a $25.0 million gain on classification of held for sale during the nine months ended February 28, 2025 due to the release of escrowed funds related to the sale of the Garden City facility.

There was no such gain recorded during the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

Cloud Services Business

Operating Loss

Cloud Services Business operating loss decreased $7.0 million, or 22%, from $31.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $24.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

This decrease in operating loss is primarily due to a decrease in finance lease amortization expense as we renegotiated the duration of the lease agreements during fiscal year 2026.

Data Center Hosting Business operating profit increased $7.3 million, or 121%, from $6.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $13.3 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026 primarily due to a decrease of $6.4 million in cost of revenues due to more advantageous power pricing when compared to the to the three months ended August 31, 2025.

HPC Hosting Business

Operating Profit

HPC Hosting Business operating profit increased $22.0 million, or 243% , from a loss of $9.0 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to a profit of $12.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

The change is primarily due to revenue generated related to tenant fit-out services, net of expenses, as well as rental revenues from our first HPC data center at our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus as it became fully operational during the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

HPC Hosting Business operating profit increased $35.5 million, or 1,753%, from a loss of $2.0 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to a profit of $33.4 million for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

The change is primarily due to revenue generated from the first two buildings at our Polaris Forge 1 campus, as well as tenant fit-out services performed, net of expenses during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.

Non-GAAP Measures

To supplement our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements presented under GAAP, we are presenting certain non-GAAP financial measures.

We are providing these non-GAAP financial measures to disclose additional information to facilitate the comparison of past and present operations by providing perspective on results absent one-time or significant non-cash items.

We are providing these non-GAAP financial measures to disclose additional

information to facilitate the comparison of past and present operations by providing perspective on results absent one-time or significant non-cash items.

We utilize these measures in the business planning process to understand expected operating performance and to evaluate results against those expectations.

We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures, when considered together with our GAAP financial results, provide management and investors with an additional understanding of our core business operating results regarding factors and trends affecting our business and provide a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations .

Management considers the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business to be its core operations for long-run strategic and performance evaluation purposes.

Accordingly, these non-GAAP financial measures exclude the results of our Cloud Services Business.

The Cloud Services Business is included in our consolidated financial statements and results of continuing operations.

Due to its strategic role relative to

the Company’s core business, Management believes the Cloud Services Business results may obscure underlying trends in the performance of core operations when included in certain non-GAAP measures.

Management considers the Data Center Hosting Business and the HPC Hosting Business to be our core operations for long-run strategic and performance evaluation purposes.

Accordingly, these non-GAAP financial measures exclude the results of our consolidated subsidiary, ChronoScale.

ChronoScale is included in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and results of continuing operations.

Due to its strategic role relative to the Company’s core business, management believes the ChronoScale results may obscure underlying trends in the performance of core operations when included in certain non-GAAP measures.

These non-GAAP financial measures are provided as supplemental measures to our performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP and therefore, are not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP measures.

Excluding the results of the Cloud Services Business in our non-GAAP financial measures removes revenues and expenses that are part of the Company’s consolidated results and continuing operations and should not be viewed as measures or reflections of liquidity or profitability in accordance with U.S.

Excluding the results of ChronoScale in our non-GAAP financial measures removes revenues and expenses that are part of the Company’s consolidated results and continuing operations and should not be viewed as measures or reflections of liquidity or profitability in accordance with GAAP.

Further, these non-GAAP financial measures have no standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP and are not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles.

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Adjusted Revenue

“Adjusted revenue” is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents revenue excluding the Cloud Services Business.

Adjusted revenue is Total Revenue excluding Total Revenue from the Cloud Services Business.

Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), and Adjusted Net Income (Loss) per Diluted Share

“Adjusted operating income” and “Adjusted net income (loss)” are non-GAAP financial measures that represent operating income (loss) and net income (loss) from operations excluding the Cloud Services Business, respectively.

Adjusted operating income (loss) is Operating income (loss) excluding operating income (loss) from the Cloud Services Business, and stock-based compensation, non-recurring repair expenses, diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses, litigation expenses, (gain) loss on abandonment of assets, gain on classification of held for sale, accelerated depreciation and amortization, restructuring expenses and other non-recurring expenses that Management believes are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.

Adjusted net income (loss) is Adjusted operating income further adjusted for interest expense directly attributable to the Cloud Services Business, gain on change in fair value of derivative, gain on change in fair value of investment, loss on change in fair value of warrants, loss on conversion of debt, loss on change in fair value of debt, loss on extinguishment of related party debt and interest expense on convertible debt.

We define “Adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share” as Adjusted net income (loss) divided by weighted average diluted share count.

“Adjusted revenue” is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents total revenue excluding ChronoScale revenue.

Adjusted Operating Income (Loss), Adjusted Net Loss from Continuing Operations, and Adjusted Net Loss from Continuing Operations per Diluted Share

“Adjusted operating income (loss)” and “Adjusted net loss from continuing operations” are non-GAAP financial measures that represent operating income and net income (loss) from operations excluding ChronoScale, respectively.

Adjusted operating income (loss) is Operating loss excluding operating (loss) income from ChronoScale, stock-based compensation, non-recurring repair expenses, diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses, litigation expenses, non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives, loss on abandonment of assets, restructuring expenses and other non-recurring expenses that management believes are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations is Adjusted operating income (loss) further adjusted for interest expense directly attributable to ChronoScale, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, and loss on change in fair value of investment.

We define “Adjusted net loss from continuing operations per diluted share” as Adjusted net loss from continuing operations divided by weighted average diluted share count.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

“EBITDA” is defined as earnings before interest expense, net, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization and excluding results of the Cloud Services Business.

“Adjusted EBITDA” also excludes results of the Cloud Services Business and is defined as EBITDA adjusted for stock-based compensation, non-recurring repair expenses, diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses, litigation expenses, gain on classification of held for sale, gain on change in fair value of derivative, gain on change in fair value of investment, (gain) loss on abandonment of assets, loss on conversion of debt, loss on change in fair value of debt, loss on change in fair value of warrants, loss on extinguishment of related party debt, restructuring expenses and other non-recurring expenses that Management believes are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.

“EBITDA” is defined as earnings before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense, and depreciation and amortization and excluding results of ChronoScale.

“Adjusted EBITDA” is defined as EBITDA adjusted for stock-based compensation, non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives, non-recurring repair expenses, diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses, litigation expenses, loss on abandonment of assets, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, loss on change in fair value of investments, restructuring expenses, and other non-recurring expenses that management believes are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.

Net Operating Income

"Net Operating Income" is a non-GAAP financial measure that represents base rental revenue from the HPC Hosting Business.

Net Operating Income is HPC Hosting Business base rental revenue, excluding the non-cash amortization of one-

time customer lease incentives provided at contract inception, less rental property operating expenses, property taxes, and property insurance expenses.

"Net Operating Income Margin" is defined as Net Operating Income divided by HPC Hosting Business base rental revenue.

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures

(In thousands, except percentage data)

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended

February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025 February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025

Three Months Ended

August 31, 2026 August 31, 2025

Adjusted revenue

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$ 341,875 $ 80,934

Cloud Services Business revenue (18,087) (17,754) (53,207) (71,313)

ChronoScale revenue (41,482) (16,718)

Adjusted revenue (Non-GAAP) $ 300,393 $ 64,216

Adjusted operating income

Adjusted operating income (loss)

Operating loss (GAAP) $ (62,379) $ (9,762)

Operating loss from the Cloud Services Business

52,194 10,308 24,919 31,928

Operating loss from ChronoScale 25,354 (12,531)

Stock-based compensation (1)

Non-recurring repair expenses (1)

59,391 14,446

Non-recurring repair expenses (2)

Diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses (3)

6,145 992 20,904 12,360

Litigation expenses (4)

320 174 872 1,341

(Gain) loss on abandonment of assets

(7) — 1,744 769

Gain on classification of held for sale

— — — (24,616)

Accelerated depreciation and amortization (4)

Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives 854 —

Loss on abandonment of assets — 1,751

Restructuring expenses (5)

358 43 1,093 43

Other non-recurring expenses (6)

3,219 271 4,001 558

Adjusted operating income (Non-GAAP) $ 25,615 $ 1,883 $ 33,614 $ 5,462

Adjusted operating income (loss) (Non-GAAP) $ 37,816 $ (3,616)

Adjusted operating margin

24 % 5 % 11 % 5 %

Adjusted net income (loss)

Net loss (GAAP) $ (70,556) $ (35,555) $ (101,932) $ (178,528)

Operating loss from the Cloud Services Business

52,194 10,308 24,919 31,928

Interest expense directly attributable to the Cloud Services Business

2,058 4,541 7,897 13,444

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations

Net loss from continuing operations (GAAP) $ (168,001) $ (16,926)

Operating loss from ChronoScale 25,354 (12,531)

Net interest expense directly attributable to ChronoScale 1,557 3,210

Stock-based compensation (1)

Non-recurring repair expenses (1)

59,391 14,446

Non-recurring repair expenses (2)

Diligence, acquisition, disposition and integration expenses (3)

6,145 992 20,904 12,360

Litigation expenses (4)

320 174 872 1,341

(Gain) loss on abandonment of assets

(7) — 1,744 769

Gain on classification of held for sale

— — — (24,616)

Accelerated depreciation and amortization (4)

Gain on change in fair value of derivative

(9,417) — (22,543) —

Gain on change in fair value of investment

(3,305) — (6,072) —

Loss on change in fair value of warrants

— 6,421 — 6,421

Loss on conversion of debt

Loss on change in fair value of debt

Loss on extinguishment of debt

— 1,177 — 1,177

Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives 854 —

Loss on abandonment of assets — 1,751

Loss on change in fair value of derivatives 49,511 —

Loss on change in fair value of investment 11,352 —

Restructuring expenses (5)

358 43 1,093 43

Interest expense on convertible debt (7)

Other non-recurring expenses (6)

3,219 271 4,001 558

Adjusted net income (loss) (Non-GAAP) $ 33,156 $ (2,590) $ 22,607 $ (4,899)

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations (Non-GAAP) $ (4,053) $ (7,570)

Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding (Non-GAAP) 291,557,618 255,892,902

382,306,393 222,454,578 325,850,275 193,405,721

Adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share (Non-GAAP) $ 0.09 $ (0.01) $ 0.07 $ (0.03)

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations per diluted share (Non-GAAP) $ (0.01) $ (0.03)

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

Net loss (GAAP) $ (70,556) $ (35,555) $ (101,932) $ (178,528)

Operating loss from the Cloud Services Business

52,194 10,308 24,919 31,928

Interest (income) expense, net

(2,387) 8,897 18,883 23,687

Net loss from continuing operations (GAAP) $ (168,001) $ (16,926)

Operating loss from ChronoScale 25,354 (12,531)

Interest expense 77,383 8,013

Interest income (35,821) (857)

Income tax (benefit) expense

(2) 117 21 118

Depreciation and amortization 26,574 4,153

18,524 4,375 31,263 13,230

EBITDA (Non-GAAP) $ (72,625) $ (18,140)

Stock-based compensation (1)

Non-recurring repair expenses (1)

59,391 14,446

Non-recurring repair expenses (2)

Diligence, acquisition, disposition, and integration expenses (3)

6,145 992 20,904 12,360

Litigation expenses (4)

320 174 872 1,341

Gain on classification of held for sale

— — — (24,616)

Gain on change in fair value of derivative (9,417) — (22,543) —

Gain on change in fair value of investment (3,305) — (6,072) —

(Gain) loss on abandonment of assets

(7) — 1,744 769

Loss on conversion of debt — — — — 33,612

Loss on change in fair value of debt — — — 85,439

Loss on change in fair value of warrants — 6,421 — 6,421

Loss on extinguishment of debt

— 1,177 — 1,177

Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives 854 —

Loss on change in fair value of derivatives 49,511 —

Loss on change in fair value of investment 11,352 —

Loss on abandonment of assets — 1,751

Restructuring expenses (5)

358 43 1,093 43

Other non-recurring expenses (6)

3,219 271 4,001 558

Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) $ 64,412 $ 537

Net Operating Income

HPC Hosting Business base rental revenue (GAAP) $ 65,800 $ —

Non-cash amortization of customer lease incentives 854 —

Rental property operating expenses (5,726) —

Property taxes (821) —

Property insurance expenses (1,278) —

Net Operating Income (Non-GAAP) $ 58,829 $ —

Net Operating Income margin 89 % — %

(1) Represents stock-based compensation expense and employment taxes incurred in connection with the vesting of stock-based awards.

(2) Represents costs incurred for the non-recurring repair and replacement of equipment at our data center facilities.

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We do not expect to incur these expenses on a regular basis.

(4) Represents the acceleration of expense related to assets that were abandoned by us due to operational failure or other reasons.

Depreciation and amortization in this amount is included in Depreciation and Amortization expense within our calculation of EBITDA, and therefore is not added back as a management adjustment in our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA.

(5) Represents non-recurring expenses associated with employee separations.

(6) Represents expenses that are not representative of our expected ongoing costs.

(7) Represents interest expense excluded from the calculation of Adjusted net income (loss) per diluted share (Non-GAAP) that would occur if the Convertible Notes had been converted into stock at the beginning of the period.

This adjustment is only present in periods where its effect would be dilutive.

(8) Includes shares that would be issued upon conversion of our outstanding Convertible Notes totaling 46,144,395 shares.

Funding Requirements

We have experienced net losses through the period ended August 31, 2026.

Our transition to profitability is dependent on the successful operation of our business.

We expect to have sufficient liquidity, including cash on hand, payments from customers, access to debt financing, and access to public capital markets, to support ongoing operations and meet our working capital needs for at least the next 12 months and all of our known requirements and plans for cash.

However, we may be unable to raise additional funds or enter into such arrangements when needed on favorable terms, or at all, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and could force us to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our ongoing operations and development plans.

We have based our estimates as to how long we expect we will be able to fund our operations on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect, in which case, we would be required to obtain additional financing sooner than currently projected, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all.

Our failure to raise capital as and when needed would have a negative impact on our financial condition and our ability to pursue our business strategy.

We expect that our general and administrative expenses and our operating expenditures will continue to increase as we continue to expand our operations.

We believe that the significant investments in property and equipment will remain throughout fiscal year 2027 as we continue construction of our HPC hosting facilities.

Sources of Liquidity

As of February 28, 2026, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $1.7 billion and restricted cash of $377.2 million.

Our primary capital requirements are to fund the development and expansion of our data center infrastructure, support working capital needs, cover operating expenses, and finance capital expenditures associated with technology upgrades and facility enhancements.

As of August 31, 2026, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $2.9 billion and restricted cash of $728.0 million.

Historically, we have incurred losses and have relied on equity and debt financings to fund our operations.

We have primarily generated cash in the last 12 months from the proceeds of our term loans, issuances of common stock, preferred stock, convertible promissory notes, senior unsecured convertible notes, senior secured notes (issued by our subsidiaries) debt facilities and the receipt of contractual deposits and revenue payments from customers.

We have primarily generated cash in the last 12 months from the proceeds of our term loans, issuances of preferred stock, senior secured notes (issued by our subsidiaries), debt facilities and the receipt of contractual deposits and revenue payments from customers.

We believe that existing cash balances, cash flows from operations, existing debt facilities, and access to capital markets will provide sufficient liquidity to meet our debt obligations, including any repayment of debt or refinancing of debt, working capital needs, planned capital expenditures, and other contractual obligations, for at least the next twelve months.

Given the project development nature of our business, we raise capital through public and private debt and equity issuances, as well as commercial borrowings, to fund this development activity.

We are and expect to be constantly exploring, negotiating and consummating financing transactions, which may include refinancing existing capital arrangements as well as new issuances.

Recent Financing Activities

See Note 9 - Debt in the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on our term loans and other debt instruments.

June 2025 At-the-Market Sales Agreement

On June 2, 2025, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement with Northland Securities, Inc.

and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (the “June 2025 Sales Agreement”), pursuant to which, up to $200,000,000 of shares of the Company's common stock may be issued if and when sold.

As of the date of this report, the Company has issued and sold approximately 15.3 million shares under the June 2025 Sales Agreement for gross proceeds of approximately $196.4 million.

7.000% Senior Secured Notes due 2031

The 2031 7.000% Notes are senior secured obligations of APLD ComputeCo 3 and bear interest at a rate of 7.000% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2026.

The 2031 7.000% Notes will mature on June 15, 2031, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.

The 2031 7.000% Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors, all of which are wholly owned subsidiaries of APLD ComputeCo 3 LLC.

The Company provided a customary completion guarantee for the 2031 7.000% Notes Offering.

Series G Convertible Preferred Stock

During the three and nine months ended February 28, 2026, the Company issued and sold 154,500 and 758,550 shares of Series G Preferred Stock, respectively, for gross proceeds of $150.0 million and $740.0 million, respectively.

As of February 28, 2026, no shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

During the nine months ended February 28, 2026, we received $119.3 million in payments for future data center hosting.

Promissory Note

On September 9, 2025, APLD FAR-01 LLC, our subsidiary, entered into a promissory note with Macquarie Equipment Capital, Inc.

The Promissory Note provides for a principal sum of (a) $50 million, which was drawn on the Closing Date, plus (b) subject to the mutual consent of us and the Lender, additional loans in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $25 million.

On November 28, 2025, the Company repaid the Promissory Note in full, including all outstanding and unpaid principal, accrued interest, and rate of return.

Amended and Restated Unit Purchase Agreement

On October 6, 2025, as described above, the Subsidiary Issuer sold to the Purchaser 112,500 Preferred Units in the Subsidiary Issuer at a price per Preferred Unit of $1,000, for an aggregate purchase price of $112.5 million.

On December 9, 2025, the Subsidiary Issuer sold to the Purchaser an additional 27,778 common units and 337,500 Preferred Units in the Subsidiary Issuer at a price per Preferred Unit of $1,000, for an aggregate purchase price of $337.5 million, bringing the total amount funded to date under the A&R UPA to $900.0 million.

Revolving Credit Facility

As of February 28, 2026, approximately $61.9 million of letters of credit were issued under the revolving credit facility.

2030 Senior Secured Notes

On November 20, 2025, our subsidiary, APLD ComputeCo LLC, closed a $2.35 billion offering of 9.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2030 at an issue price of 97.0%.

The net proceeds from the 2030 Notes after issuance costs and repayment of the SMBC loan were approximately $1.9 billion.

DevCo Facility

On December 18, 2025, Borrower and MEC entered into the DevCo Facility.

The Promissory Note provides for a principal sum of (a) the First Draw, plus (b) the Second Draw, plus (c) the Third Draw, with the Third Draw to be funded upon the Borrower’s request at any time after the Initial Closing Date subject to satisfaction of or waiver by MEC of certain conditions precedent on or prior to the Third Draw, plus (d) the principal sum of any Additional Loans, if applicable.

Loans under the DevCo Facility bear interest at 8.0% per annum, unless an Event of Default (as defined therein) has occurred and is continuing, in which case, the Secured Obligations (as defined therein) shall bear interest at the sum of 8.0% per annum plus an additional 1.50% per month (the “Post-Default Rate”).

As of February 28, 2026, $85 million has been drawn.

During the three months ended August 31, 2026, the Company issued and sold 283,250 shares of Series G Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $275.0 million.

During the three months ended August 31, 2026, 154,500 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were converted into 4.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock.

As of August 31, 2026, 128,750 shares of Series G Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding.

Upsize of 2026 Revolving Credit Facility

1 (the Incremental Assumption Agreement”), with First National Bank of Omaha (in its capacities as administrative agent and collateral agent under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility) and the lenders and issuing banks party thereto, providing for an Incremental Revolving Facility Commitment (as defined in the Incremental Assumption Agreement) in an aggregate principal amount of up to $80.0 million (the “Incremental Revolving Financing”).

As of August 31, 2026, approximately $241.0 million of standby letters of credit were outstanding under the 2026 Revolving Credit Facility.

Refer to Note 9 - Debt in the accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Loan and Security Agreement

The Texas Capital Loan Agreement contains standard terms, conditions and covenants.

Interest is payable on the Texas Capital Note at the sum of an adjusted term SOFR plus an applicable margin.

The Texas Capital Note matures on June 30, 2031.

Material Contractual Obligations

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements that require future cash payments.

The following table sets forth information regarding our anticipated future cash payments under our contractual obligations as of February 28, 2026 (in thousands):

The following table sets forth information regarding our anticipated future cash payments under our contractual obligations as of August 31, 2026 (in thousands):

Payments Due by Period

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31,999 4,174 5,565 5,565 5,565 5,565 5,565

(1) Debt obligations presented in the table reflect scheduled principal payments related to our outstanding debt as described in Note 6 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

(1) Debt obligations presented in the table reflect scheduled principal payments related to our outstanding debt as described in Note 9 - Debt to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

(2) Estimated interest payments on our debt obligations include estimated future interest payments based on the terms of the debt agreements.

See Note 6 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

See Note 9 - Debt to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

(3) Operating lease obligations include future minimum payments for our operating leases.

1 unchanged sentence

(5) Power commitments represents our obligation related to the energy services agreement for our Jamestown, North Dakota co-hosting facility payable.

See Note 14 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

See Note 18 - Commitments and Contingencies to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

(6) Preferred share dividends represent estimated future dividend payments per year in accordance with preferred stock that has been issued.

The estimated future dividend payments will continue until preferred stock is redeemed.

Funding Requirements

We have experienced net losses through the period ended February 28, 2026.

Our transition to profitability is dependent on the successful operation of our business.

We expect that our general and administrative expenses and our operating expenditures will continue to increase as we continue to expand our operations.

We believe that the significant investments in property and equipment will remain throughout fiscal year 2026 as we continue construction of our HPC hosting facilities.

Summary of Cash Flows

The following table provides information about our net cash flow for the nine months ended February 28, 2026 and February 28, 2025, respectively.

Nine Months Ended

$ in thousands February 28, 2026 February 28, 2025

Net cash used in operating activities $ (42,860) $ (122,257)

The following table provides information about our net cash flow for the three months ended August 31, 2026 and August 31, 2025, respectively.

Three Months Ended

$ in thousands August 31, 2026 August 31, 2025

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ 63,921 $ (81,531)

Net cash used in investing activities (2,082,879) (249,914)

Net cash provided by financing activities 1,543,472 322,236

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 1,984,355 229,536

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 123,318 31,688

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period $ 2,107,673 $ 261,224

Commentary on the change in cash flows between the Nine Months Ended February 28, 2026 and Nine Months Ended February 28, 2025

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash (475,486) (9,209)

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period, including cash from discontinued operations 4,153,431 123,318

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period, including cash from discontinued operations $ 3,677,945 $ 114,109

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash from discontinued operations $ 2 $ —

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash from continued operations $ 3,677,943 $ 114,109

Commentary on the change in cash flows between the Three Months Ended August 31, 2026 and Three Months Ended August 31, 2025

Operating Activities

The net cash used in operating activities changed by $79.4 million, or 65%, from $122.3 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $42.9 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

Activities that positively impacted operating cash flows during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 included stock-based compensation, loss on classification of held for sale and non-cash interest expense as well as a decrease in net loss between comparative periods.

These positive impacts were partially offset by prior period activities which were not present in the current period, including losses on the conversion and fair value of debt.

Other impacts included changes in operating assets and liabilities associated with energizing our first HPC data center at our Polaris Forge 1 campus during the current fiscal year.

The net cash provided by (used in) operating activities changed by $145.5 million, or 178%, from $81.5 million used in operating activities for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $63.9 million provided by operating activities for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

Activities that positively impacted operating cash flows during the three months ended August 31, 2026 included stock-based compensation, loss on change in fair value of derivatives, loss on change in fair value of investment, loss on classification of held for sale and non-cash interest expense.

Other impacts included changes in operating assets and liabilities primarily affected by changes in the timing and quantity of services provided and associated working capital needs.

Investing Activities

The net cash used in investing activities increased by $1.1 billion, or 242%, from $465.7 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025, to $1.6 billion for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

This increase was primarily due to an increase of approximately $1.1 billion in investments in property and equipment during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 as our payments in the current period for construction of each of our Polaris Forge 1, Polaris Forge 2, and Delta Forge 1 campus data center facilities increased as well as an increase in investments in other companies.

Additionally, there were no proceeds from sale of assets during the nine months ended February 28, 2026, compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to offset the increase in cash used in investing activities.

The net cash used in investing activities increased by $1.8 billion, or 733%, from $249.9 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025, to $2.1 billion for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

This increase was primarily due to an increase of approximately $1.8 billion in investments in property and equipment during the three months ended August 31, 2026 as our payments in the current period for construction of each of our Polaris Forge 1, Polaris Forge 2, Polaris Forge 3, Delta Forge 1, and Delta Forge 2 campus data center facilities increased as well as investment in companies.

Financing Activities

The net cash provided by financing activities increased by $2.8 billion, or 343%, from $817.5 million for the nine months ended February 28, 2025 to $3.6 billion for the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

The primary reason for the change was an increase in the net borrowings of long-term debt of $1.9 billion from the issuance of our 2030 Notes as well as an increase in receipt of net proceeds from offerings of our common and preferred stock of approximately $645.6 million during the nine months ended February 28, 2026.

Also contributing to the increase was a capital contribution from our noncontrolling interest partners of $900.0 million.

These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $450.0 million in borrowings under our Convertible Notes which occurred during the nine months ended February 28, 2025 as well as an increase of $142.0 million in repayments of long-term debt during the nine months ended February 28, 2026 compared to the nine months ended February 28, 2025.

The net cash provided by financing activities increased by $1.2 billion, or 379%, from $322.2 million for the three months ended August 31, 2025 to $1.5 billion for the three months ended August 31, 2026.

The primary reason for the change was an increase in the net borrowings of long-term debt of $1.6 billion from the issuance of our 2031 Notes as well as an our draw on the 2026 Revolver of $82.4 million.

Additionally, there was an increase in receipt of net proceeds from offerings of our preferred stock of approximately $104.5 million during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.

These increases were partially offset by an increase of $313.5 million in repayments of long-term debt as well as a decrease of $196.4 million in proceeds from common stock during the three months ended August 31, 2026 compared to the three months ended August 31, 2025.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

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Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis