AIM ImmunoTech Inc. 10-Q

ITEM 1 : Financial Statements AIM IMMUNOTECH INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands, except for share and per share amounts) (Unaudited September 30, 2025 and Audited December 31, 2024) September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,347 $ 1,701 Marketable securities 62 2,276 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 166 199 Total current assets 2,575 4,176 Property and equipment, net 80 108 Right of use asset, net 436 618 Patent and trademark rights, net 2,041 2,594 Other assets 362 1,112 Total assets $ 5,494 $ 8,608 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 1,252 $ 6,383 Accrued expenses 679 606 Current portion of operating lease liability 232 239 Current portion of note payable, net 1,880 2,307 Total current liabilities 4,043 9,535 Long-term liabilities: Operating lease liability 226 395 Warrant liability 7,302 — Total liabilities 11,571 9,930 Commitments and contingencies (Note 10 and 11) - - Stockholders’ deficit: Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, $ 0.001 par value, 4,000,000 and 250,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively; issued and outstanding – none — — Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, stated value $ 1,000 per share, 10,000 shares authorized; as of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively; issued and outstanding – none — — Preferred Stock, Value — — Common Stock, $ 0.001 par value, authorized shares - 350,000,000 ; issued and outstanding shares 2,764,188 and 655,263 as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively 3 1 Additional paid-in capital 430,531 425,505 Accumulated deficit ( 436,611 ) ( 426,828 ) Total stockholders’ equity ( 6,077 ) ( 1,322 ) Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 5,494 $ 8,608 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 2 AIM IMMUNOTECH INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (in thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited) Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Revenues: Clinical treatment programs - US $ 26 $ 35 $ 67 $ 125 Total Revenues 26 35 67 125 Costs and Expenses: Production costs 68 8 88 24 Research and development 607 1,437 2,861 4,533 General and administrative 1,798 3,079 5,830 9,485 Total Costs and Expenses 2,473 4,524 8,779 14,042 Operating loss ( 2,447 ) ( 4,489 ) ( 8,712 ) ( 13,917 ) Gain (loss) on investments ( 1 ) 273 17 96 Interest and other income 3,052 718 3,073 3,379 Interest expense and other finance costs ( 148 ) ( 202 ) ( 421 ) ( 453 ) Issuance Cost ( 433 ) — ( 433 ) — Loss on issuance of warrants ( 3,977 ) — ( 3,977 ) ( 458 ) Change in fair value of warrants 670 — 670 — Net Loss $ ( 3,284 ) $ ( 3,700 ) $ ( 9,783 ) $ ( 11,353 ) Basic and diluted loss per share $ ( 1.57 ) $ ( 6.00 ) $ ( 8.18 ) $ ( 21.00 ) Weighted average shares outstanding basic and diluted 2,093,446 576,770 1,195,439 533,514 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 3 AIM IMMUNOTECH INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands except share data) (Unaudited) Series B Preferred Shares Common Stock Shares Common Stock .001 Par Value Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated Deficit Total Stockholders’ Equity Balance December 31, 2024 $ — 655,263 $ 1 $ 425,505 $ — $ ( 426,828 ) $ ( 1,322 ) Common stock issuance, net of costs — 42,854 — 660 — — 660 Equity-based compensation — 4,242 — 60 — — 60 Debt repayment — 20,541 — 450 — — 450 Net comprehensive loss — — — — — ( 3,705 ) ( 3,705 ) Balance March 31, 2025 $ — 722,900 $ 1 $ 426,675 $ — $ ( 430,533 ) $ ( 3,857 ) Common stock issuance, net of costs — 41,339 — 105 — — 105 Adjustment for fractional shares — ( 51 ) — — — — — Net comprehensive loss — — — — — ( 2,794 ) ( 2,794 ) Balance June 30, 2025 $ — 764,188 $ 1 $ 426,780 $ — $ ( 433,327 ) $ ( 6,546 ) Common stock and warrant issuance, net of costs — 2,000,000 2 3,751 — — 3,753 Net comprehensive loss — — — — — ( 3,284 ) ( 3,284 ) Balance September 30, 2025 $ — 2,764,188 $ 3 $ 430,531 $ — $ ( 436,611 ) $ ( 6,077 ) Series B Preferred Shares Common Stock Shares Common Stock .001 Par Value Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated Deficit Total Stockholders’ Equity Balance December 31, 2023 $ 689 491,025 $ 1 $ 419,052 $ — $ ( 409,508 ) $ 10,234 Common stock issuance, net of costs — 8,076 — 329 — — 329 Cashless exercise of warrants — 32 — — — — — Equity-based compensation — — — 80 — — 80 Committed shares — 3,386 — — — — — Net comprehensive loss — — — — — ( 5,817 ) ( 5,817 ) Balance March 31, 2024 $ 689 502,519 $ 1 $ 419,461 $ — $ ( 415,325 ) $ 4,826 Common stock issuance, net of costs — 68,847 — 532 — — 532 Issuance of warrants — — — 2,500 — — 2,500 Equity-based compensation — — — 80 — — 80 Series B preferred shares converted to common shares ( 689 ) — — 689 — — — Net Comprehensive loss — — — — — ( 1,836 ) ( 1,836 ) Balance June 30, 2024 $ — 571,366 $ 1 $ 423,262 $ — $ ( 417,161 ) $ 6,102 Balance $ — 571,366 $ 1 $ 423,262 $ — $ ( 417,161 ) $ 6,102 Common stock issuance, net of costs — 6,534 — 180 — — 180 Equity-based compensation — 8,785 — 330 — — 330 Net Comprehensive loss — — — — — ( 3,700 ) ( 3,700 ) Balance September 30, 2024 $ — 586,685 $ 1 $ 423,772 $ — $ ( 420,861 ) $ 2,912 Balance $ — 586,685 $ 1 $ 423,772 $ — $ ( 420,861 ) $ 2,912 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 4 AIM IMMUNOTECH INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands) (Unaudited) 2025 2024 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ ( 9,783 ) $ ( 11,353 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation of property and equipment 28 28 Abandonment and expiration of patents and trademark rights 697 46 Amortization of patent, trademark rights 139 154 Non-cash lease expense 140 226 Equity-based compensation 60 490 Gain on sale of marketable securities ( 17 ) ( 95 ) Amortization of financial obligation 252 232 Gain on fair value of warrants ( 670 ) — Loss on issuance of warrants 3,977 458 Non-cash gain on settlement of liability ( 3,041 ) Change in assets and liabilities: Funds receivable from New Jersey net operating loss — 1,181 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 33 ( 63 ) Lease liability ( 134 ) ( 231 ) Other assets 750 ( 1,028 ) Accounts payable ( 1,656 ) ( 179 ) Accrued expenses 254 ( 799 ) Net cash used in operating activities ( 8,971 ) ( 10,933 ) Cash flows from investing activities: Proceeds from sale of marketable securities 2,322 1,597 Purchase of marketable securities ( 91 ) ( 158 ) Purchase of property and equipment — ( 18 ) (Purchase) abandonment of patent and trademark rights ( 283 ) ( 419 ) Net cash provided by investing activities 1,948 1,002 Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock and warrants 7,314 — Proceeds from sale of stock, net of issuance costs 367 860 Proceeds from note payable, net of issuance costs 250 2,500 Repayment of debt with cash ( 660 ) — Proceeds from equity line of credit 398 2,047 Net cash provided by financing activities 7,669 5,407 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 646 ( 4,524 ) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 1,701 5,439 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 2,347 $ 915 Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing cash flow information: Operating lease-Right of Use Assets $ ( 42 ) $ ( 3 ) Unrealized gain on marketable securities $ 73 $ 373 Repayment of debt obligation with shares $ 450 $ 175 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 5 AIM IMMUNOTECH INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1: Business and Basis of Presentation AIM ImmunoTech Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “AIM” or the “Company” is an immuno-pharma company headquartered in Ocala, Florida, and focused on the research and development of therapeutics to treat multiple types of cancers, viral diseases and immune-deficiency disorders and to treat cancers for which there are currently inadequate or unmet therapies. It has established a strong foundation of laboratory, pre-clinical and clinical data with respect to the development of nucleic acids and natural interferon to enhance the natural antiviral defense system of the human body, and to aid the development of therapeutic products for the treatment of certain cancers and chronic diseases. AIM’s flagship products are Ampligen (rintatolimod) and Alferon N Injection (Interferon alfa). Ampligen is a double-stranded RNA (“dsRNA”) molecule being developed for globally important cancers, viral diseases and disorders of the immune system. Ampligen has not been approved by the FDA or marketed in the United States but is approved for commercial sale in the Argentine Republic for the treatment of severe Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (“CFS”). The Company is currently proceeding primarily in five areas: ● Conducting clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ampligen for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. ● Evaluating Ampligen across multiple cancers as a potential therapy that modifies the tumor microenvironment with the goal of increasing anti-tumor responses to checkpoint inhibitors. ● Exploring Ampligen’s antiviral activities and potential use as a prophylactic or treatment for existing viruses, new viruses and mutated viruses thereof. ● Evaluating Ampligen as a treatment for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (“ME/CFS”) and fatigue and/or the Post-COVID condition of fatigue. ● Evaluating Ampligen as a vaccine adjuvant in the combination of Ampligen and AstraZeneca’s FluMist as an intranasal vaccine for influenza, including avian influenza. The Company is prioritizing activities in an order related to the stage of development, with those clinical activities such as pancreatic cancer, having priority over other experimentation. The Company intends that priority clinical work be conducted in trials authorized by the FDA or European Medicines Agency (“EMA”), which trials support a potential future New Drug Application (“NDA”). In management’s opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of its consolidated financial statements have been included. Such adjustments consist of normal recurring items. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The interim consolidated financial statements and notes thereto are presented as permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and do not contain certain information which will be included in the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on March 27, 2025. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure (“GAAP”) of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and those differences may be material. Accounts requiring the use of significant estimates include determination of other-than-temporary impairment on securities, valuation of deferred taxes, patent and trademark valuations, stock-based compensation calculations, fair value of warrants, and contingency accruals. 6 Liquidity and Going Concern The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue in operation one year after the date these financial statements are issued and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Pursuant to the requirements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (the “FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 205-40, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date these financial statements are issued. This evaluation does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented or are not within control of the Company as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern exists, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates the substantial doubt. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. The Company’s principal source of liquidity is its cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and proceeds from financing activities to provide the necessary funding to meet its obligations as they become due. The Company incurred losses from operations and net cash used on operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and has a working capital deficit as of December 31, 2024 and as of September 30, 2025. Additionally, its stockholders’ equity was below the minimum requirements for continued listing on the New York Stock Exchange American (“the Exchange”). These factors raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Management evaluated the conditions and the significance in relation to the Company’s ability to meet its obligations and noted that all outstanding debt is current as of September 30, 2025. If the Company is unable to implement sufficient mitigation efforts, it may need to limit its business activities or be unable to continue as a going concern, which would have a material adverse effect on its results of operations and financial condition. During the third quarter of 2025, an agreement was reached with a vendor surrounding legal fees. The agreement provided that $ 3,041,000 of previously billed fees would be forgiven in exchange for payments totaling $ 1,875,000 . The reduction was included as “other income” and accounts payable was reduced. On December 11, 2024, the Company received an official notice of noncompliance with the Exchange’s continued listing requirements. This includes the need for the Company to have stockholders’ equity of $ 6,000,000 or more. The Exchange’s review showed that the Company was not in compliance with that requirement. As required, the Company submitted a plan (the “Plan”) to the Exchange illustrating how it can regain compliance by June 11, 2026. The Exchange accepted the Plan on February 26, 2025. If the Company is not able to regain compliance by June 11, 2026, its common stock may be delisted from the Exchange. As of September 30, 2025, its stockholders’ deficit was approximately ($ 6,077,000 ). It must increase its stockholders’ equity to be at least $ 6,000,000 to regain compliance with this rule. If it is not able to raise sufficient capital as set forth in the Plan or by other means, it may be unable to regain compliance with the Exchange’s listing standards and its securities could be subject to delisting. In addition, in the event that the price of the common stock drops to $ 0.10 per share, trading in the common stock will automatically be suspended and the common stock would be subject to delisting. The price dropped below $ 0.10 and on April 4, 2025, the Company received a delisting letter from the Exchange and trading in its common stock on the Exchange was suspended. On April 30, 2025, the Company held a special meeting of stockholders and authorized the Company’s Board of Directors to effect a reverse split at its discretion on a basis of up to one for 100 outstanding shares of Common Stock. On May 29, 2025, the Board authorized the Reverse Split and on June 10, 2025, the Company filed an amendment to its Articles of Incorporation effecting a reverse split of its outstanding shares of Common Stock on a one for 100 basis (the “Reverse Split”). Stockholders were given cash in lieu of any fractional shares on a post-split basis. On June 11, 2025, the Company was notified by the Exchange that the Company had regained compliance with Section 1003(f)(v) of the Exchange’s Company Guide (low selling price) and that trading in the Company’s Common Stock was reinstated on the Exchange on June 17, 2025 Note 2 : Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect. These pronouncements did not have any material impact on the financial statements unless otherwise disclosed, and the Company does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations. Accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB since filing the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future financial statements. Note 3: Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash includes bank deposits maintained at several financial institutions. The Company considers highly liquid instruments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At various times throughout the nine months ended September 30, 2025, some accounts held at financial institutions were in excess of the federally insured limit of $ 250,000 . The Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and believes credit risk to be minimal. 7 Note 4: Marketable Securities Marketable securities consist of mutual funds. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, it was determined that none of the marketable securities had an other-than-temporary impairment. At September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, all securities were measured as Level 1 instruments of the fair value measurements standard (See Note 5: Fair Value). At September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, the Company held $ 62,000 and $ 2,276,000 respectively, in mutual funds. Mutual Funds classified as available for sale consisted of $ 62,000 at September 30, 2025. The net losses recognized for the three-month period ended September 30, 2025 on equity securities was ($ 1,000 ) . The net gains recognized for the three-month period ended September 30, 2025 on equity securities sold during the period were $ 11,000 . The unrealized losses recognized for the three-month period ended September 30, 2025 on equity securities still held was ($ 12,000 ) . The net gain recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, on equity securities was $ 17,000 . The net losses recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, on equity securities sold during the period were ($ 56,000 ) . The unrealized gains recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025, on equity securities still held was $ 73,000 . Mutual Funds classified as available for sale consisted of $ 2,276,000 at December 31, 2024. The net gain recognized for the three-month period ended September 30, 2024 on equity securities was $ 273,000 . The net losses recognized for the three-month period ended September 30, 2024 on equity securities sold during the period were ($ 59,000 ) . The unrealized gains recognized for the three-month period ended September 30, 2024 on equity securities still held was $ 332,000 . The net gain recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 on equity securities was $ 95,000 . The net losses recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 on equity securities sold during the period were ($ 277,000 ) . The unrealized gains recognized for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2024 on equity securities still held was $ 373,000 . Note 5: Fair Value Measurements Fair Value The Company complies with the provisions of FASB ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements” for its financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their carrying values due to the short-term maturities of these items and are considered a Level 1 instrument of the fair value measurements standard. The Company also has certain warrants with a cash settlement feature in the occurrence of a Fundamental Transaction. The fair value of the Class A and Class B warrants (“June 2024 Warrants”) related to the Company’s June 2024 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes model. The fair value of the Class C and Class D warrants (“October 2024 Warrants”) related to the Company’s October 2024 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes model. The fair value of the Class E and Class F warrants (“August 2025 Warrants”) related to the Company’s August 2025 common stock and warrant issuance, are calculated using a Black-Scholes model. The Company also had certain redeemable warrants in the Rights Offering with a cash settlement feature in the occurrence of a Fundamental Transaction. No Fundamental Transaction occurred. In March 2024, 2,050 of these warrants converted on a cashless basis and the remaining 58,300 expired. The Company estimated the fair value of the June 2024 Warrants, October 2024 Warrants and August 2025 Warrants using the Black-Scholes Model, which uses multiple inputs including the Company’s stock price, the exercise price of the warrant, volatility of the Company’s stock price, the risk-free interest rate and the expected term of the warrants. 8 The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class A Warrants: Schedule of Assumptions to Estimate Fair Value of Warrants June 30, 2024 Underlying price per share $ 35.00 Exercise price per share $ 36.30 Risk-free interest rate 4.42 % Expected holding period 5.5 years Expected volatility 110 % Expected dividend yield — Warrants measurement input — The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class B Warrants: June 30, 2024 Underlying price per share $ 35.00 Exercise price per share $ 36.30 Risk-free interest rate 4.82 % Expected holding period 2 years Expected volatility 89 % Expected dividend yield — Warrants measurement input — The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class C Warrants: October1, 2024 Underlying price per share $ 26.00 Exercise price per share $ 28.00 Risk-free interest rate 3.6 % Expected holding period 2 years Expected volatility 82 % Expected dividend yield — Warrants measurement input — The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class D Warrants: October 1, 2024 Underlying price per share $ 26.00 Exercise price per share $ 28.00 Risk-free interest rate 3.5 % Expected holding period 5.5 years Expected volatility 91 % Expected dividend yield — Warrant measurement input — 9 The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class E Warrants: July 30, September 30, 2025 2025 Underlying price per share $ 3.05 $ 2.74 Exercise price per share $ 4.00 $ 4.00 Risk-free interest rate 4.0 % 3.7 % Expected holding period 5 years 4.83 years Expected volatility 101 % 108 % Expected dividend yield — — Warrant measurement input — — The Company utilized the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of the Class F Warrants: July 30, September 30, 2025 2025 Underlying price per share $ 3.05 $ 2.74 Exercise price per share $ 4.00 $ 4.00 Risk-free interest rate 4.0 % 3.7 % Expected holding period 1.51 years 1.34 years Expected volatility 142 % 162 % Expected dividend yield — — Warrant measurement input — — The significant assumptions using the Black-Scholes model approach for valuation of the Warrants are: (i) Risk-Free Interest Rate . The risk-free interest rates for the Warrants are based on U.S. Treasury constant maturities for periods commensurate with the remaining expected holding periods of the warrants. (ii) Expected Holding Period . The expected holding period represents the period of time that the Warrants are expected to be outstanding until they are exercised. The Company utilizes the remaining contractual term of the Warrants at each valuation date as the expected holding period. (iii) Expected Volatility . Expected stock volatility is based on daily observations of the Company’s historical stock values for a period commensurate with the remaining expected holding period on the last day of the period for which the computation is made. (iv) Expected Dividend Yield . The expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s anticipated dividend payments over the remaining expected holding period. As the Company has never issued dividends, the expected dividend yield is 0 % and this assumption will be continued in future calculations unless the Company changes its dividend policy. (v) Expected Probability of a Fundamental Transaction. Put rights arise if a Fundamental Transaction 1) is an all cash transaction; (2) results in the Company going private; or (3) is a transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange. The Company believes such an occurrence is unlikely because: 1. The Company only has one product that is FDA approved but is currently not available for commercial sales. 2. The Company will have to perform additional clinical trials for FDA approval of its flagship product. 3. Industry and market conditions continue to include uncertainty, adding risk to any transaction. 4. The nature of a life sciences company is heavily dependent on future funding and high fixed costs, including Research & Development. 5. The Company has minimal revenues streams which are insufficient to meet the funding needs for the cost of operations or construction at their manufacturing facility; and 6. The Company’s Rights Agreement and Executive Agreements make it less attractive to a potential buyer. While the assumptions remain consistent from period to period (e.g., utilizing historical stock prices), the actual historical prices input for the relevant period input change. 10 The Company accounts for certain assets and liabilities at fair value. The hierarchy below lists three levels of fair value based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. AIM categorizes each of its fair value measurements in one of these three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are: 1. Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the reporting date. Generally, this includes debt and equity securities that are traded in an active market. 2. Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quote prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Generally, this includes debt and equity securities that are not traded in an active market. 3. Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or other valuation techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation. As of September 30, 2024, the Company has classified the warrants with cash settlement features as Level 3. Management evaluates a variety of inputs and then estimates fair value based on those inputs. As discussed above, the Company utilized the Black-Scholes model in valuing the warrants. The table below presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the hierarchy as (in thousands): Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis As of September 30, 2025 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets: Cash equivalents $ 1,764 $ 1,764 $ — $ — Marketable securities $ 62 $ 62 $ — $ — Liabilities: Warrants $ 7,302 $ — $ — $ 7,302 As of December 31, 2024 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets: Cash equivalents $ 51 $ 51 $ — $ — Marketable securities $ 2,276 $ 2,276 $ — $ — Note 6: Property and Equipment, Net Schedule of Property and Equipment (in thousands) September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Furniture, fixtures, and equipment 1,466 1,466 Less: accumulated depreciation ( 1,386 ) ( 1,358 ) Property and equipment, net $ 80 $ 108 Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, ranging from 3 three to ten years . Depreciation expense for the nine months ending September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024 was $ 28,000 and $ 28,000 , respectively. Note 7: Patents, and Trademark Rights, Net Patent and trademark rights consist of the following (in thousands): Schedule of Patent and Trademark Rights September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Gross Carrying Value Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Value Gross Carrying Value Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Value Patents $ 2,761 $ ( 806 ) $ 1,955 $ 3,434 $ ( 939 ) $ 2,495 Trademarks 232 ( 146 ) 86 232 ( 133 ) 99 Net amortizable patents and trademarks rights $ 2,993 $ ( 952 ) $ 2,041 $ 3,666 $ ( 1,072 ) $ 2,594 Patent and trademark rights acquisitions, abandonments and amortization: Schedule of Changes in Patents, Trademark Rights December 31, 2024 $ 2,594 Acquisitions 283 Abandonments and expirations ( 697 ) Amortization ( 139 ) September 30, 2025 $ 2,041 11 Patents and trademarks are stated at cost (primarily legal fees) and are amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 17 years for patents and 10 years for trademarks. The weighted remaining average amortization period is approximately 12 years for patents and 6 years for trademarks, respectively. The company expenses annuity costs related to its trademarks and patents. Amortization of patents and trademarks for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands): Schedule of Amortization of Patents and Trademarks Year Ending December 31, 2025 $ 58 2026 229 2027 211 2028 204 2029 188 Thereafter 1,151 Total $ 2,041 Note 8: Accrued Expenses Accrued expenses consist of the following: Schedule of Accrued Expenses (in thousands) September 30, 2025 December 31, 2024 Compensation $ 17 $ 1 Professional fees 458 416 Clinical trial expenses 113 145 Interest 16 11 Other expenses 75 33 Accrued expenses $ 679 $ 606 Note 9: Unsecured Promissory Notes On February 16, 2024, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note and Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreements, Streeterville paid the Company $ 2,500,000 in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $ 781,000 . The Company will pay approximately $ 3,300,000 consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $ 20,000 of lender transaction fees, no later than February 16, 2026. The stated interest rate of the note is 10 %. On May 13, 2025, the Lender and the Borrower entered into a Forbearance Agreement pursuant to which, for a 1 % fee and expenses, the Lender released the Borrower and its affiliates from all defaults under the Agreements through the date of the Forbearance Agreement and confirmed that, as a result, no Default Interest is due. On June 30, 2025, the Company (“Borrower”) entered into a Note and Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville Capital LLC (“Streeterville” or the “Lender”). Under the terms of the agreements, Streeterville paid the Company $ 250,000 in exchange for an unsecured promissory Note with an Original Issue Discount of $ 50,000 . The Note required the Company to pay $ 310,000 consisting of the principal amount of the Note, together with the original issue discount and $ 10,000 of lender transaction fees, no later than October 28, 2025. On August 12, 2025, the Company repaid the note in full. The note and all related obligations were fully satisfied during the three months ended September 30, 2025. 12 Future maturities for the debt as of September 30, 2025 were as follows: (in thousands) Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt Fiscal years ending December 31: 2025 $ 750 2026 $ 1,130 Total $ 1,880 Interest and other charges related to the Streeterville notes were as follows (in thousands): Schedule of Interest and Other Charges 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, 2025 Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2025 2024 2025 2024 Interest Charges: Interest on 2024 note $ 62 $ 101 186 $ 227 Original issue discount 2024 note 61 $ 101 185 $ 226 Interest on 2025 note — — 25 — Interest on note — — 25 — Original issue discount 2025 note 25 — 25 — Original issue discount note 25 — 25 — Total interest charges $ 148 $ 202 421 $ 453 Other Charges Loan fee amortization 2024 note 3 3 8 6 The agreement allows the Lender to redeem up to $250,000 per calendar month beginning in August 2024, upon providing written notice to Borrower. The Note further contains triggering events which can be remedied by the Lender requiring the Borrower to correct the triggering event, increasing the outstanding balance by applying the triggering effect, or making the Note immediately due and payable. In the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company entered into agreements with the Lender to settle a portion of its outstanding loan obligation in the amount of $ 450,000 through the issuance of 20,541 shares of common stock, rather than cash payment. This exchange was completed pursuant to the terms of the loan agreement, which allows for the settlement of debt through stock issuance under certain conditions. Subsequent to September 30, 2025, the Company entered into agreements with the Lender to settle a portion of its outstanding loan obligation in the amount of $ 150,000 through the issuance of 74,626 shares of common stock, rather than cash payment. Note 10: Leases The Company leases office and lab facilities and other equipment under non-cancellable operating leases with initial terms typically ranging from 1 to 5 years, expiring at various dates during 2024 through 2027, and requiring monthly payments ranging from less than $ 1,000 to $ 17,000 . Certain leases include additional renewal options ranging from 1 to 5 years. AIM has classified all of its leases as operating leases. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the balance of the right of use assets was $ 436,000 and $ 618,000 , respectively, and the corresponding operating lease liability balance was $ 458,000 and $ 634,000 , respectively. Right of use assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $ 567,000 and $ 428,000 as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. AIM recognized rent expense associated with these leases are follows: Schedule of AIM Recognized Rent Expense Associated with Operating Lease September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024 (in thousands) September 30, 2025 September 30, 2024 Lease costs: Operating lease costs $ 223 $ 226 Short-term and variable lease costs 218 205 Total lease costs $ 441 $ 431 Classification of lease costs Research & development $ 310 $ 358 General and administrative 131 73 Lease cost 131 73 Total lease costs $ 441 $ 431 The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms between 8 and 23 months. At September 30, 2025, the weighted-average remaining term was 22 months. At December 31, 2024, the weighted-average remaining term was 41 months. The Company’s weighted average incremental borrowing rate for its leases was 10 % at September 30, 2025 and 10% at December 31, 2024. Future minimum payments as of September 30, 2025, are as follows: Schedule of Operating Lease Future Payments Year Ending December 31, (in thousands) 2025 $ 71 2026 258 2027 159 Thereafter — Less imputed interest ( 30 ) Total $ 458 13 Note 11: Research, Consulting and Supply Agreements The Company has entered into research, consulting and supply agreements with third party service providers to perform research and development activities on therapeutics, including clinical trials. The identification of research and development costs involves reviewing open contracts and purchase orders, communicating with applicable company and third-party personnel to identify services that have been performed, and corroborating the level of service performed and the associated cost incurred for the service when the Company has not yet been invoiced or otherwise notified of actual expenses. The Company expenses these research and development costs when incurred. The Company’s research and development expenses were comprised of the following (thousands): Schedule of Research and Development Expenses 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Clinical studies $ 309 $ 582 $ 1,636 $ 1,880 Manufacturing & Engineering 57 306 381 882 Quality control 221 398 685 1,232 Regulatory 20 151 159 539 Totals $ 607 $ 1,437 $ 2,861 $ 4,533 The following summarizes the most substantial of our contracts relating to research, consulting, and supply costs for AIM as they related to research and development costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Amarex Clinical Research LLC Amarex is the principal administrator of several of AIM’s largest clinical studies. AIM has multiple contracts with Amarex Clinical Research LLC (“Amarex”). During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred approximately $ 207,000 and $ 337,000 , respectively, related to these ongoing agreements: ● Pancreatic Cancer - In April 2022, AIM executed a work order with Amarex pursuant to which Amarex is managing a Phase 2 clinical trial in locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients designated AMP-270. Per the work order, AIM anticipates that Amarex’s management of the study will cost approximately $ 8,400,000 . This estimate includes pass-through costs of approximately $ 1,000,000 and excludes certain third-party and investigator costs and escalations necessary for study completion. AIM anticipates that the study will take approximately 4.6 years to complete. ● Post-COVID Conditions - In September 2022, AIM executed a work order with Amarex, pursuant to which Amarex is managing a Phase 2 trial in patients with Post-COVID Conditions. AIM is sponsoring the study. AIM anticipates that the study will cost approximately $ 6,400,000 , which includes passthrough costs of approximately $ 125,000 , investigator costs estimated at about $ 4,400,000 and excludes certain other third-party costs and escalations. During 2023, the original work order increased to approximately $ 6,600,000 for the addition of patient reported outcome (PRO) electronic questionnaires (devices/tablets for patients to complete); services associated with the ePRO system and additional safety monitoring services as well as changes to study documentation (such as protocol amendments) which resulted in additional IND submissions to FDA. The final subject completed the clinical trial in 2023.The end of study close out tasks continued into 2025. Costs incurred pursuant to the Amarex agreements were as follows (thousands): 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Pancreatic Cancer $ 3 $ 129 $ 199 $ 141 Post Covid Conditions — 28 8 196 Total $ 3 $ 157 $ 207 $ 337 Jubilant HollisterStier Jubilant HollisterStier (“Jubilant”) is AIM’s authorized CMO for Ampligen for the approval in Argentina. In 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with Jubilant pursuant to which Jubilant will manufacture batches of Ampligen® for the Company. Since the 2017 engagement of Jubilant, two lots of Ampligen consisting of more than 16,000 units were manufactured and released in the year 2018. The first lot was designated for human use in the United States in the cost recovery CFS program and for expanded oncology clinical trials. The second lot has been designated for these programs in addition to commercial distribution in Argentina for the treatment of CFS. Jubilant manufactured additional two lots of Ampligen in December 2019 and January 2020. In December 2023, Jubilant completed manufacturing of 9,042 vials of Ampligen for clinical use. 14 Costs incurred pursuant to the Jubilant agreements were as follows (thousands): 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Total $ — $ — $ — $ 1 Sterling Pharma Solutions In 2022, the Company entered into a Master Service Agreement and a Quality Agreement with Sterling Pharma Solutions (“Sterling”) for the manufacture of the Company’s Poly I and Poly C12U polynucleotides and transfer of associated test methods at Sterling’s Dudley, UK location to produce the polymer precursors to manufacture the drug Ampligen. Costs incurred pursuant to the Sterling Pharma agreements were as follows (thousands): 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Total $ — $ 133 $ — $ 262 Erasmus In December 2022, the Company entered into a joint clinical study agreement with Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam to conduct a Phase II study: Combining anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab with TLR-3 agonist rintatolimod in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma for therapy efficacy. This is a study in collaboration with AstraZeneca. AIM’s limited responsibilities are limited to providing Ampligen. Additionally, in April 2023 AIM agreed to provide to Erasmus MC an unrestricted grant of $ 200,000 for immune monitoring in pancreatic cancer patients. Costs incurred pursuant to the Erasmus agreements were as follows (thousands): 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Total $ — $ — $ — $ 79 Azenova Sales International In October 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with Azenova, LLC whereas Azenova will provide business development services for AIM’s Ampligen product for solid tumors for a 12-month term that is extendable upon the agreement of the parties. In exchange for its services, Azenova received a monthly retainer of $ 30,000 in addition to 3,600 stock options that vest monthly. The monthly retainer was reduced to $ 10,000 in August 2024 and then changed again to payments based on hourly billing only. Costs incurred pursuant to the Azenova agreements were as follows (thousands): 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Total $ — $ 50 $ — $ 230 15 Alcami In September 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with Alcami Corporation to perform an extractables study for a primary packaging component. The agreement called for fixed costs of approximately $ 30,000 upon completion of the study and issue of the final report, along with solvent costs, and pass through items to be billed on a per activity basis. The final bill for the initial study was received in December 2023. Costs incurred pursuant to the Alcami agreements were as follows (thousands): 2025 2024 2025 2024 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2025 2024 2025 2024 research and development expenses $ ( 5 ) $ — $ 10 $ 14 Note 12: 401(k) Plan We have a defined contribution plan, entitled the AIM ImmunoTech Employees 401(k) Plan and Trust Agreement (the “401(k) Plan”). Our full-time employees are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan following 61 days of employment. Subject to certain limitations imposed by federal tax laws, participants are eligible to contribute up to 15 % of their salary (including bonuses and/or commissions) per annum. Participants’ contributions to the 401(k) Plan may be matched by us at a rate determined annually by the Board of Directors. Each participant immediately vests in his or her deferred salary contributions as well as our safe harbor contributions. A 6 % safe harbor matching contribution by us was reinstated effective January 1, 2021. For the nine months ending September 30, 2025 we made approximately $ 87,000 in contributions, and for the year ending December 31, 2024 approximately $ 167,000 in contributions were made. Note 13: Equity-Based Compensation The 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, effective September 12, 2018, as amended and restated on August 19, 2019 (the “2018 Equity Incentive Plan”) authorizes the grant of (i) Incentive Stock Options, (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights, (iv) Restricted Stock Awards, (v) Restricted Stock Unit Awards, (vi) Performance Stock Awards, (vii) Performance Cash Awards, and (viii) Other Stock Awards. After taking into account the 100:1 reverse stock split which was effective in June 12, 2025, a maximum of 4,632 shares of common stock were reserved for potential issuance pursuant to awards under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan. The number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan is subject to an annual increase on July 1 of each calendar year, by an amount equal to two percent (2%) of the then outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock (the “2018 Plan Evergreen Provision”). On July 1, 2025, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock available for grant and issuance under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan increased by 15,283 shares, respectively. As a result of the 2018 Plan Evergreen Provisions, a maximum of 19,915 shares of common stock is reserved for potential issuance pursuant to awards under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan as of September 30, 2025. Unless sooner terminated, the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan will continue in effect for a period of 10 years from its effective date. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, the Board of Directors issued 1,189,284 options to each employee, the officers and directors at the exercise price of $ 9.68 expiring in 10 years ( 270 options post reverse split). During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019, 1,727,756 options were issued to each of these officers with an exercise price of $ 9.68 for a period of ten years with a vesting period of one year ( 392 options post reverse split). During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020, 1,025,000 options were issued to each of these officers and directors with an exercise price range of $ 2.77 to $ 3.07 for a period of ten years with a vesting period of one year ( 10,250 options post reverse split). During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, 613,512 options were issued to officers, directors and consultants with an exercise price range of $ 1.11 to $ 1.71 for a period of ten years with a vesting period of one year ( 6,135 options post reverse split). During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022, 850,000 options were issued to officers, directors and consultants with an exercise price range of $ 0.31 to $ 0.71 for a period of ten years with a vesting period of one year ( 8,500 options post reverse split). During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023, 400,000 options were issued to officers with an exercise price of $ 0.47 for a period of ten years with a vesting period of one year ( 4,000 options post reverse split). There were no options issued during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 or during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. As part of the Company’s cash conservation strategy, the Company issued common stock as a substitute for cash salaries to certain executives and directors. During the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024, there were 202,669 shares issued related to the cash conservation program ( 2,026 shares post reverse split). During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were 424,225 shares issued related to the cash conservation program ( 4,242 shares post reverse split). 16 The fair value of each option and equity warrant award is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing valuation model. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the price of the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life of the option and equity warrant. The Company uses historical data to estimate expected dividend yield, expected life and forfeiture rates. Stock options activity during the three months ended September 30, 2025, was as follows: Stock option activity for employees: Schedule of Stock Option Activity Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding June 30, 2025 24,063 $ 238.33 8.70 $ — Granted — — — — Forfeited — — — — Expired — — — — Outstanding September 30, 2025 24,063 $ 238.33 8.70 $ — Vested and expected to vest September 30, 2025 24,063 $ 238.33 8.70 $ — Exercisable September 30, 2025 24,063 $ 156.62 7.26 $ — Stock option activity for non-employees: Schedule of Stock Option Activity Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding June 30, 2025 8,850 $ 187.59 9.23 $ — Granted — — — — Forfeited — — — — Expired — — — — Outstanding September 30, 2025 8,850 $ 187.59 9.23 $ — Vested and expected to vest September 30, 2025 8,850 $ 187.59 9.23 $ — Exercisable September 30, 2025 8,850 $ 161.71 9.51 $ — Stock-based compensation expense was approximately $ 0 and $ 329,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024, resulting in an increase in general and administrative expenses, respectively. 17 Employee stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, was as follows: Stock option activity for employees: Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding January 1, 2025 24,076 $ 242.17 8.70 $ — Granted — — — — Forfeited ( 7 ) 2,771.48 — — Expired ( 6 ) 13,200 — — Outstanding September 30, 2025 24,063 $ 238.33 8.70 $ — Vested and expected to vest September 30, 2025 24,063 $ 238.33 8.70 $ — Exercisable September 30, 2025 24,063 $ 156.62 7.26 $ — Stock option activity for non-employees: Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value Outstanding January 1, 2025 8.850 $ 187.59 9.23 $ — Granted — — — — Forfeited — — — — Expired — — — — Outstanding September 30, 2025 8,850 $ 187.59 9.23 $ — Vested and expected to vest September 30, 2025 8,850 $ 187.59 9.23 $ — Exercisable September 30, 2025 8,850 $ 161.71 9.51 $ — Stock-based compensation expense was approximately $ 60,000 and $ 490,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively. As part of the Company’s cash conservation strategy, the Company issued common stock as a substitute for cash salaries to certain executives and directors. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, stock issued as compensation totaled $ 0 and $ 60,000 , respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, stock issued as payroll totaled $ 329,000 and $ 490,000 , respectively. This compensation is included in the overall equity-based compensation expense. On September 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively, there was approximately $ 0 and $ 53,400 of unrecognized equity-based compensation cost related to options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan. Note 14: Stock warrants On July 30, 2025, the Company announced closing a public offering of an aggregate of 2,000,000 shares of its common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu thereof), Class E warrants to purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock, and Class F warrants to purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock, at a combined public offering price of $ 4.00 per share (or $ 3.999 per pre-funded warrant) and accompanying warrants. The warrants will have an exercise price of $ 4.00 per share, and were exercisable immediately upon issuance. The Class E warrants will expire on the fifth anniversary of the original issuance date, and the Class F warrants will expire on the eighteen-month anniversary of the original issuance date. Gross proceeds, before deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses, were approximately $ 8,000,000 . Maxim Group LLC acted as sole placement agent in connection with this offering. Based on a review of the Class E and F warrants, it was determined that the warrants met the liability criteria as described in Accounting Standards Codification 480. Accordingly, as the warrants might require the Company to issue additional stock under certain circumstances, a loss was recognized and the resulting computed value was classified as a liability on the Company’s balance sheet at September 30, 2025. For further information, please refer to Note 5. 18 Note 15: Stockholders’ Equity (a) Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of $ 0.01 par value preferred stock with such designations, rights and preferences as may be determined by the Board. Of our authorized preferred stock, 4,000,000 shares have been designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock and 10,000 shares have been designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock On May 10, 2023, the Company filed a Certificate of Increase in Delaware, increasing the number of preferred stock designated as Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock to 4,000,000 from 250,000 shares. As of September 30, 2025, there were no Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock outstanding. Series B Convertible Preferred Stock The Company has designated 10,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Stock”). Each share of Preferred Stock has a par value of $ 0.01 per share and a stated value equal to $ 1,000 (the “Stated Value”). The shares of Preferred Stock shall initially be issued and maintained in the form of securities held in book-entry form and the Depository Trust Company or its nominee (“DTC”) shall initially be the sole registered holder of the shares of Preferred Stock. Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at any time and from time to time from and after the Original Issue Date at the option of the Holder thereof or at any time and from time to time on or after the second anniversary of the Original Issue Date at the option of the Corporation, into that number of shares of common stock (subject in each case to the limitations determined by dividing the Stated Value of such share of Preferred Stock by the Conversion Price). The conversion price for the Preferred Stock shall be equal to $ 0.20 , subject to adjustment herein (the “Conversion Price”). Pursuant to a registration statement relating to a rights offering (the “Rights Offering”) declared effective by the SEC on February 14, 2019, AIM distributed to its holders of common stock and to holders of certain options and redeemable warrants as of February 14, 2019, at no charge, one non-transferable subscription right for each share of common stock held or deemed held on the record date. Each right entitled the holder to purchase one unit, at a subscription price of $ 1,000 per unit, consisting of one share of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock with a face value of $ 1,000 (and immediately convertible into common stock at an assumed conversion price of $ 8.80 ) and 114 warrants with an assumed exercise price of $ 8.80 . The redeemable warrants are exercisable for five years after the date of issuance. The net proceeds realized from the rights offering were approximately $ 4,700,000 . At September 30, 2024, 689 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock had expired, and none were converted prior to expiration. At September 30, 2025 the Company had no shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding. (b) Common Stock and Equity Finances The Company has authorized shares of 350,000,000 with specific limitations and restrictions on the usage of 8,000,000 of the 350,000,000 authorized shares. As of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, there were 2,764,188 and 655,263 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Not equity compensation) On July 7, 2020, the Board approved a plan pursuant to which all directors, officers, and employees could purchase from the Company up to an aggregate of $ 500,000 worth of shares at the market price (including subsequent plans, the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). Pursuant to Exchange’s rules, this plan was effective for a sixty-day period commencing upon the date that the Exchange approved the Company’s Supplemental Listing Application. The Company created successive new plans following the expiration of the July 7, 2020 plan. Recently, the procedure for purchases under the plan changed. Now, any time an officer or employee purchases stock from the Company under the plan, that person must file a SLAP with the Exchange and the purchase cannot be effected until the Exchange accepts the SLAP. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company did not issue any shares of its common stock as part of the employee stock purchase plan. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company issued a total of 42,172 shares of its common stock at a price ranging from $ 2.54 to $ 12.00 for total proceeds of approximately $ 115,000 as part of the employee stock purchase plan. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company did not issue any shares of its common stock as part of the employee stock purchase plan. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company issued a total of 3,356 shares of its common stock at a price ranging from $ 31.00 to $ 67.00 for total proceeds of approximately $ 120,000 as part of the employee stock purchase plan. Rights Plan On May 12, 2023, the Company amended and restated its November 14, 2017 Rights Plan with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company as Rights Agent (the “Rights Plan”). 19 Warrants (Rights offering) On September 27, 2019, the Company closed a public offering underwritten by A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, LLC (the “Offering”) of (i) 17,405 shares of common stock; (ii) pre-funded warrants exercisable for 71,483 shares of common stock (the “Pre-funded Warrants”), and (iii) warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 88,888 shares of common stock (the “Warrants”). In conjunction with the Offering, we issued a Representative’s Warrant to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,666 shares of common stock (the “Representative’s Warrant”) . The shares of common stock and Warrants were sold at a combined Offering price of $ 0.90 , less underwriting discounts and commissions. Each Warrant sold with the shares of common stock represents the right to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $ 0.99 per share. The Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrants were sold at a combined Offering price of $ 0.899 , less underwriting discounts and commissions. The Pre-Funded Warrants were sold to purchasers whose purchase of shares of common stock in the Offering would otherwise result in the purchaser, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, beneficially owning more than 4.99 % of the Company’s outstanding common stock immediately following the consummation of the Offering, in lieu of shares of common stock. Each Pre-Funded Warrant represents the right to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $ 0.001 per share. The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately and may be exercised at any time until the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. A registration statement on Form S-1, relating to the Offering was filed with the SEC and was declared effective on September 25, 2019, the net proceeds were approximately $ 7,200,000 . During the year ended December 31 , 2020, 18,700 of the Pre-funded Warrants were exercised and 88,739 Warrants were exercised. In addition, on March 25, 2020, the Representative’s Warrant was amended to permit exercise of such warrant to commence on March 30, 2020. These warrants were exercised on March 31, 2020 and an aggregate of 2,666 shares were issued upon exercise of this warrant for gross proceeds of approximately $ 264,000 and a $ 46,000 expense for the warrant modification. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, 2,050 warrants were exercised, and 58,300 warrants expired unexercised. As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2024, there were no warrants outstanding related to the Rights Offering. Equity Distribution Agreement On April 19, 2023, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the “EDA”), with Maxim, pursuant to which they may sell from time to time, shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $ 8,500,000 through Maxim, as agent. The amount was subsequently reduced from $ 8,500,000 to $ 3,100,000 . Sales under the EDA were registered under the S-3 Shelf Registration Statement. Under the terms of the Distribution Agreement, Maxim is entitled to a transaction fee at a fixed rate of 3.0 % of the gross sales price of shares sold under the EDA. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the company sold 13,956 shares under the EDA for total gross proceeds of approximately $ 649,916 , which includes a 3.0 % fee to Maxim of $ 19,497 . For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company has sold 11,191 shares under the EDA for total gross proceeds of approximately $ 259,800 , which includes a 3.0 % fee to Maxim of approximately $ 7,800 . On April 1, 2025, the Company entered into a new EDA, a sales agreement, with Maxim pursuant to which it may issue and sell up to an aggregate of $ 3,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock from time to time through Maxim acting as agent. Under the terms of the sales agreement in no event will the Company, inter alia, issue or sell through the sales agreement such number or dollar amount of shares of common stock that would exceed the number or dollar amount of shares of common stock permitted to be sold under Form S-3 (including General Instruction I.B.6 thereof, if applicable). Subsequent to September 30, 2025, the Company has sold 24,680 shares under the new EDA for a total gross proceeds of approximately $ 38,233 , which includes a 3.0 % fee to Maxim of approximately $ 1,147 . The Company will pay Maxim in cash, upon each sale of the common stock pursuant to the sales agreement, a commission in an amount equal to 3.0 % of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of common stock. Because there is no minimum offering amount required as a condition to this offering, the actual total public offering amount, commissions and proceeds to the Company, if any, are not determinable at this time. The Company has agreed, under certain circumstances, to reimburse a portion of Maxim’s expenses, including legal fees up to a maximum of $ 50,000 , and $ 5,000 on a quarterly basis thereafter. The shares under the sales agreement will only be offered after a prospectus related to such offering is filed with the SEC. If and when the shares are offered, they will be offered pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-286319), which was declared effective on July 3, 2025. Equity Purchase Agreement On March 28, 2024, the Company entered into a purchase agreement and a registration rights agreement with Atlas Sciences, LLC (“Atlas”), pursuant to which Atlas committed to purchase up to $ 15,000,000 of common stock of the Company for a period of 24 months from the date of the purchase agreement. No assurance can be given as to the actual amount that will be raised pursuant to the purchase agreement. 20 Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company, at its sole discretion, shall have the right to issue Put shares to the Investor at 95 % of the Market Price of the shares on the day of trade. Sales under the purchase agreement are limited to a daily maximum of the lessor of: $ 500,000 , the Median Daily Trading volume, and a beneficial ownership limitation of 4.99 % and a maximum of 19.99 % of the outstanding shares at the time of the purchase agreement. In April 2024, the Company filed a registration statement with the SEC on Form S-1 registering a total of 99,750 shares for resale pursuant to the Atlas Agreements, consisting of 96,364 shares that can be sold by the Company to Atlas and 3,386 shares that were issued to Atlas as Commitment Shares. The registration statement was declared effective on May 1, 2024. In the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, a total of 7,596 shares have been issued pursuant to the purchase agreement for a total of approximately $ 128,000 after clearing costs. In the nine months ended September 30, 2025, a total of 30,829 shares have been issued pursuant to the purchase agreement for a total of approximately $ 398,000 after clearing costs. There were no shares issued subsequent to September 30, 2025. Securities Purchase Agreements May 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement On May 31, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to complete an offering (the “Transactions”) with a single accredited investor (the “Purchaser”), pursuant to which, on June 3, 2024, the Company issued to the Purchaser, (i) in a registered direct offering, 56,410 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Shares”), par value $ 0.001 per share (“common stock”) and (ii) in a concurrent private placement, the Company issued to the Purchaser Class A common warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 56,410 shares of its common stock (the “A Warrants”) at an exercise price of $ 36.30 per share and Class B common warrants to purchase an aggregate of up to 56,410 shares of its common stock (the “B “Warrants” and, along with the A Warrants, the “Common Warrants”) at an exercise price of $ 36.30 per share. The A Warrants and B Warrants are not exercisable for six months after the issuance date and expire, respectively, five years and six months and twenty-four months after the issuance date. The Common Warrants and the shares of common stock are issuable upon the exercise of such warrants are offered pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act provided in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated thereunder. The Shares were offered by the Company pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-262280), which was declared effective on February 4, 2022. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, subject to certain exceptions, the Company could not issue any equity securities for 60 days following the issuance date, provided that the Company was able to utilize its at-the-market offering program with the Placement Agent after 30 days. Additionally, the Company cannot enter into a variable rate transaction (other than the ATM program with the Placement Agent) for 120 days after the issuance date. In addition, the Company’s executive officers and each of the Company’s directors have entered into lock-up agreements with the Company pursuant to which each of them has agreed not to, for a period of 90 days from the closing of the Transactions, offer, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Company’s securities, subject to certain exceptions. The exercise price of the Common Warrants, and the number of Common Warrant Shares, are subject to adjustment in the event of any stock dividend or split, reverse stock split, recapitalization, reorganization or similar transaction, as described in the Common Warrants. If a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Common Warrants) occurs, then the successor entity will succeed to, and be substituted for the Company, and may exercise every right and power that the Company may exercise and will assume all of its obligations under the Common Warrants with the same effect as if such successor entity had been named in the warrant itself. Common Warrant Holders will have additional rights defined in the Common Warrants. The Common Warrants are exercisable on a “cashless” basis only if there is not a current registration statement permitting public resale. In this regard, the Company filed a registration statement to register the resale of the Common Warrant Shares providing for the resale of the Shares issued and issuable upon exercise of the Common Warrants. That registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on July 11, 2024. The Company has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to keep such registration statement effective at all times until no Purchaser owns any Warrants or Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise thereof. Maxim Group LLC acted as the placement agent (the “Placement Agent”) on a “commercially reasonable best efforts” basis, in connection with the Transactions pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, dated May 31, 2024 (the “Placement Agency Agreement”), by and between the Company and the Placement Agent. Pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, the Placement Agent was paid a cash fee of 8 % of the aggregate gross proceeds paid to the Company for the securities sold in the Transactions and reimbursement of certain out-of-pocket expenses. 21 The Company evaluated the Common Warrants under the guidance of ASC 480 – Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and determined that they were in scope under the guidance as freestanding financial instruments but did not meet the criteria for liability classification and are classified as equity within the consolidated financial statements. Proceeds allocated to such warrants totaled approximately $ 2,500,000 . For the nine months ended September 30,2025, no Common Warrants were exercised, and all remain outstanding on September 30, 2025, related to this agreement. September 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement On September 30, 2024, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with the Selling Stockholder as Purchaser, pursuant to which we issued to the Selling Stockholder, (i) in a registered direct offering, 46,530 shares of our common stock (“Shares”) and (ii) in the concurrent Private Placement, Class C and Class D Warrants, each to purchase an aggregate of up to 46,530 Shares (the “Common Warrant Shares”) each with an exercise price of $ 28.00 . The Class C and Class D Warrants together, hereinafter the “Common Warrants”. The purchase price for Shares in the registered direct offering was $ 28.00 per Share. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds from the Transactions of approximately $ 1,260,000 , before deducting fees to the Placement Agent and other estimated offering expenses payable by us. The Shares were offered by the Company pursuant to a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-262280), which was declared effective on February 4, 2022. The Common Warrants and the Common Warrant Shares issued in the Private Placement were not registered under the Securities Act. Rather the Common Warrants and the Common Warrant Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided in Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act and Rule 506(b) promulgated thereunder. The Class C Warrants and the Class D Warrants are not exercisable until December 3, 2024, and will expire, respectively, twenty-four months and five years and six months after that date. The Company evaluated the Common Warrants under the guidance of ASC 480 – Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and determined that they were in scope under the guidance as freestanding financial instruments but did not meet the criteria for liability classification and are classified as equity within the consolidated financial statements. Proceeds allocated to such warrants totaled approximately $ 2,500,000 . For the nine months ended September 30,2025, no Common Warrants were exercised, and all remain outstanding on September 30, 2025, related to this agreement. Note 16: Net Loss Per Share Basic and diluted net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Equivalent common shares, consisting of stock options and warrants which amounted to 4,238,792 and 145,745 shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share since their effect is anti-dilutive. Note 17: Subsequent Events On November 5, 2025, the Company entered into agreements with Streeterville Capital to settle a portion of its outstanding loan obligation in the amount of $ 150,000 through the issuance of 74,626 shares of common stock, rather than cash payment. On July 3, 2025, the Company’s shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-286319) was declared effective by the SEC. Subsequent to September 30, 2025, on October 30, 2025, the Company filed a prospectus with the SEC to enable it to sell shares under this shelf registration statement. Please see Note 15: Stockholders’ Equity; (2) (b) Common Stock and Equity Finances; Equity Distribution Agreement, above. Additionally, subsequent to September 30, 2025, the Company has sold 24,680 shares under the new EDA for a total gross proceeds of approximately $ 38,233 , which includes a 3.0 % fee to Maxim of approximately $ 1,147 . 22