What changed in this filing

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis

2025-05-01 compared with 2024-11-07 · 148 added, 236 removed, 200 unchanged (66% of the section changed)

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Our operations are subject to the cyclical and seasonal nature of the agricultural industry.

Sales of our equipment are affected by, among other things, changes in farm income, farm land values and debt levels, financing costs, acreage planted, crop yields, weather conditions, the demand for agricultural commodities, commodity and protein prices, agricultural product demand and general economic conditions and government policies and subsidies.

We sell our equipment, precision agriculture technology and replacement parts to our independent dealers, distributors and other customers.

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In certain markets, particularly in North America, there is often a time lag, which varies based on the timing and level of retail demand, between our sale of the equipment to the dealer and the dealer’s sale to a retail customer.

On April 1, 2024, pursuant to the terms of an Amended and Restated Sale and Contribution Agreement among AGCO, Trimble and PTx Trimble (the “Joint Venture”), AGCO and Trimble completed (i) the contribution by Trimble to the Joint Venture of Trimble’s OneAg business, which is Trimble’s agricultural business, excluding certain Global Navigation Satellite System and guidance technologies, and $8.1 million of cash, (ii) the contribution by AGCO to the Joint Venture of its interest in JCA Industries, LLC d/b/a JCA Technologies and $46.0 million of cash, and (iii) the purchase by AGCO from Trimble of membership interests in the Joint Venture in exchange for the payment by AGCO to Trimble of $1.954 billion in cash, subject to customary working capital and other adjustments.

Immediately following the closing and as a result of the transaction, AGCO directly and indirectly owns an 85% interest in the Joint Venture and Trimble owns a 15% interest in the Joint Venture.

AGCO began consolidating PTx Trimble within its consolidated financial statements on April 1, 2024.

We believe PTx Trimble creates a global-leading mixed-fleet precision agriculture platform.

We are the exclusive provider of Trimble’s comprehensive technology offering, supporting the future development and distribution of next-generation agriculture technologies, allowing us to offer a wide variety of user-friendly technologies compatible across brands, equipment models and farm types.

The acquired hardware, software and cloud-based applications span all aspects of the crop cycle, from land preparation to planting and seeding to harvest.

Refer to Note 2 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

On July 25, 2024, the Company entered into a Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement to sell the majority of its Grain & Protein (“G&P”) business, which includes the GSI®, Automated Production® (AP), Cumberland®, Cimbria® and Tecno® brands for a purchase price of $700.0 million, subject to customary working capital and other adjustments.

The divestiture of the G&P business aligns with AGCO's strategic transformation and allows for AGCO to better streamline and focus on its portfolio of agricultural machinery and precision ag technology products.

As of June 30, 2024, the business met the criteria to be classified as held for sale.

The Company recognizes assets and liabilities held for sale at the lower of carrying value or fair market value less costs to sell.

The fair market value less costs to sell of the disposal group is evaluated at each reporting period to determine if it has changed, and any subsequent changes are recognized as a gain or loss with a corresponding adjustment to the carrying amount of the disposal group.

The loss on business held for sale will be finalized in the fourth quarter upon the closing of the transaction based on the carrying value of the disposal group at the date of sale.

The Company determined the intended sale of the G&P business does not represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the consolidated results of operations, and therefore results of this business were not classified as discontinued operations.

On November 1, 2024, the Company completed the previously announced sale of the Company’s G&P business to A-AG Holdco Limited, an affiliate of American Industrial Partners.

Refer to Note 3 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

The recent announcements of significant trade policy and tariff actions by the U.S.

government, including but not limited to tariffs on imported steel and aluminum products, multiple tariffs on certain imports from China, tariffs on certain imports from Canada and Mexico, and baseline tariffs on most imports from most other countries, are creating significant uncertainty and potential risks for our business.

These announcements in some cases were followed by delays and changes in implementation, and the ultimate tariff structures are unclear at the current time.

Depending upon which countries are impacted, increases in tariffs can increase both the costs of the inputs that we use in manufacturing products and increase the after-tariff sales prices of the products that we sell.

The impacts of the tariffs may be mitigated as a majority of our sales and manufacturing takes place outside the United States.

Additionally, these tariffs will increase the cost of certain raw materials and components, impacting our cost of goods sold.

While we are actively exploring opportunities to mitigate these increased costs, there can be no guarantee that we will be able to fully offset the impact of these tariffs.

Furthermore, the imposition of retaliatory tariffs from other countries on our exported products could negatively affect our sales and marketplace access in those countries.

Moreover, the uncertainty of the tariff changes and any future trade policy changes has adversely impacted, and is expected to continue to adversely impact, our sales.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

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Financial Highlights

The following tables sets forth the percentage relationship to net sales of certain items included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Three Months Ended September 30,

The following table sets forth the percentage relationship to net sales of certain items included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Three Months Ended March 31,

$ % of Net Sales (1)

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13.0 0.6 1.0 —

Loss on business held for sale

Income from operations

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Other expense, net 32.3 1.6 50.8 1.7

Income before income taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates

28.6 1.1 333.9 9.7

Income tax provision 11.9 0.5 75.3 2.2

Income before equity in net earnings of affiliates

16.7 0.6 258.6 7.5

Equity in net earnings of affiliates 12.2 0.5 21.9 0.6

28.9 1.1 280.5 8.1

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income attributable to AGCO Corporation and subsidiaries

$ 30.0 1.2 % $ 280.6 8.1 %

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(1) Rounding may impact summation of amounts.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Nine Months Ended September 30,

$ % of Net Sales (1)

Net sales $ 8,774.6 100.0 % $ 10,611.7 100.0 %

Cost of goods sold 6,564.2 74.8 7,817.1 73.7

Gross profit 2,210.4 25.2 2,794.6 26.3

Selling, general and administrative expenses 1,074.5 12.2 1,037.7 9.8

Engineering expenses 390.0 4.4 398.0 3.8

Amortization of intangibles 54.4 0.6 43.3 0.4

Impairment charges 5.3 0.1 — —

Restructuring and business optimization expenses

41.7 0.5 8.3 0.1

Loss on business held for sale

497.8 5.7 — —

Income from operations 146.7 1.7 1,307.3 12.3

Interest expense, net 65.7 0.7 11.8 0.1

Other expense, net 168.4 1.9 212.6 2.0

Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in net earnings of affiliates

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Equity in net earnings of affiliates 12.1 0.6 16.2 0.6

Net income (loss)

(172.0) (2.0) 832.3 7.8

Net income 8.7 0.4 168.0 5.7

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net income (loss) attributable to AGCO Corporation and subsidiaries

Net income attributable to AGCO Corporation

$ 10.5 0.5 % $ 168.0 5.7 %

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(1) Rounding may impact summation of amounts.

Net income attributable to AGCO Corporation and subsidiaries for the three months ended September 30, 2024, was $30.0 million, or $0.40 per diluted share, compared to $280.6 million or $3.74 per diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Net income (loss) attributable to AGCO Corporation and subsidiaries for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $(169.1) million, or $(2.27) per diluted share, compared to $832.4 million or $11.10 per diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Net sales during the three months ended September 30, 2024 were approximately $2,599.3 million, or 24.8% lower than the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower sales volumes resulting from softer industry sales reflecting lower end market demand and unfavorable currency impacts.

Income from operations was $114.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $423.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023.

The decrease in income from operations during 2024 was primarily the result of lower sales and production volumes reflecting weak industry conditions.

Net sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were approximately $8,774.6 million, or 17.3% lower than the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower sales volumes resulting from softer industry sales reflecting lower end market demand and unfavorable currency impacts.

Income from operations was $146.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $1,307.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The decrease in income from operations during 2024 was primarily the result of lower sales and production volumes, the recognition of the estimated loss on the G&P business held for sale as well as restructuring and business optimization expenses and higher selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A expenses"), primarily related to transaction costs related to the close of the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction and the G&P divestiture transaction and higher compensation costs.

Net income attributable to AGCO Corporation for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was $10.5 million, or $0.14 per diluted share, compared to $168.0 million or $2.25 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Net sales during the three months ended March 31, 2025 were approximately $2,050.5 million, or 30.0% lower than the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to lower sales volumes resulting from softer industry sales reflecting lower end market demand and the divestiture of the majority of the Company's G&P business on November 1, 2024 and unfavorable currency impacts, partially offset by a favorable impact from the PTx Trimble joint venture.

Income from operations was $49.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $273.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The decrease in income from operations during 2025 was primarily the result of lower sales and production volumes reflecting weak industry conditions and increases in restructuring and business optimization expenses, partially offset by decreases in engineering expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A expenses”) primarily related to lower compensation costs.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

We estimate that worldwide average price increases (decreases) were approximately (1.2)% and 9.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and (0.8)% and 11.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Consolidated net sales of tractors and combines, which comprised approximately 57.6% and 61.2% of our net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, decreased approximately 31.5% and 19.6% compared to the same periods in 2023.

Unit sales of tractors and combines decreased approximately 29.4% and 23.5% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023.

The primary driver of the decrease in unit sales was lower sales of compact and mid-range tractors and combines.

We estimate that worldwide average price increases (decreases) were approximately (0.1)% and 1.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Consolidated net sales of tractors and combines, which comprised approximately 63.7% of our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2025, decreased approximately 30.2% compared to the same period in 2024.

Unit sales of tractors and combines decreased approximately 20.5% during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

The primary driver of the decrease in unit sales was lower sales of tractors and combines.

The difference between the unit sales change and the change in net sales was primarily the result of sales mix changes and foreign currency translation.

Overall, global production hours decreased approximately 34.8% and 24.4% during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023, reflecting our response to lower end market demand.

Overall, global production hours, excluding hours related to the Company's G&P business which was divested on November 1, 2024, decreased approximately 32.8% during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, reflecting our response to lower end market demand.

Results of Operations

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023, primarily due to lower production volumes and unfavorable net pricing impacts.

SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales were higher during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023.

The absolute level of SG&A expenses were largely consistent during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

The absolute level of SG&A expenses increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily due to PTx Trimble joint venture transaction-related costs and transaction costs related to the divestiture of the Company's G&P business.

These increases were partially offset by decreases in stock compensation expense.

We recorded $5.0 million and $20.4 million of stock compensation expense within SG&A expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $9.8 million and $36.1 million during the same periods in 2023.

Engineering expenses as a percentage of net sales were higher during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the same periods in 2023, primarily driven by increased engineering expenses related to the PTx Trimble joint venture.

We recorded impairment charges of $0.2 million and $5.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, related to the impairment of certain amortizing intangible assets and an investment in affiliate.

There were no impairment charges recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

We recorded restructuring and business optimization expenses of $10.5 million and $41.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $0.8 million and $8.3 million, respectively, during the same periods in 2023.

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, primarily due to lower production volumes.

SG&A expenses as a percentage of net sales, were higher during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 as net sales decreased at a faster rate than SG&A expenses.

The absolute level of SG&A expenses decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to lower compensation costs.

We recorded $7.1 million of stock compensation expense within SG&A expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $8.0 million during the same period in 2024.

Engineering expenses as a percentage of net sales, were higher during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 as net sales decreased at a faster rate than engineering expenses.

The absolute value of engineering expenses decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily due to lower investment, partially offset by increased engineering expenses related to the PTx Trimble joint venture.

We recorded impairment charges of $1.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, related to the impairment of certain other assets.

There were no impairment charges recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

We recorded restructuring and business optimization expenses of $13.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $1.0 million, during the same period in 2024.

The Company is focused on operational efficiencies to build a more resilient business.

On June 24, 2024, the Company announced a restructuring program (the “Program”) in response to increased weakening demand in the agriculture industry.

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The Company estimates that it will incur charges for one-time termination benefits of approximately $150.0 million to $200.0 million in connection with this phase of the Program, primarily consisting of cash charges related to severance payments, employees benefits and related costs.

The Company expects the majority of these cash charges will be incurred in 2024 and the first half of 2025.

Once fully implemented, the Company expects this phase of the Program to yield annual run-rate benefits and cost savings of approximately $100.0 million to $125.0 million.

The restructuring expenses recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily related to severance, business optimization and other related costs associated with the Company's Program and rationalization of certain manufacturing facilities and administrative offices.

Refer to Note 10 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

We recorded a loss on business held for sale of $3.2 million and $497.8 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

There was no loss recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

On July 25, 2024, the Company announced it had entered into a definitive agreement to sell its G&P business, and as of June 30, 2024, the Company determined that the G&P business met the criteria to be classified as held for sale.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company recognized a loss on business held for sale of $497.8 million, which represents the estimated loss on the business held for sale.

The Company incurred the majority of charges in 2024 and expects to incur the remaining charges in 2025.

The restructuring expenses recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 primarily related to severance, business optimization and other related costs associated with the Company's Program and rationalization of certain manufacturing facilities and administrative offices.

Refer to Note 10 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Interest expense, net was $33.9 million and $65.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $5.5 million and $11.8 million for the comparable periods in 2023.

The increase related primarily to

Interest expense, net was $18.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $1.9 million for the comparable period in 2024, resulting primarily from an increase in interest expense resulting from the increased debt levels related to financing the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction and lower interest income.

Refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further information on our available funding.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

an increase in interest expense resulting from the amortization of bridge facility commitment fees and increased debt levels related to financing the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction partially offset by higher interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the same periods in 2023.

See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further information on our available funding.

Other expense, net was $52.3 million and $168.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $84.2 million and $212.6 million for the comparable periods in 2023.

The decreases were primarily driven by decreases in foreign currency exchanges losses which were approximately $24.7 million and $74.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $43.8 million and $104.1 million, respectively, for the comparable periods in 2023.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded the final insurance recovery of $5.0 million related to the 2022 cyber incident.

Losses on sales of receivables, primarily related to our accounts receivable sales agreements with our finance joint ventures in North America, Europe and Brazil and included in “ Other expense, net, ” were approximately $28.4 million and $92.2 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $40.5 million and $99.3 million, respectively, for the comparable periods in 2023.

We recorded an income tax provision of $11.9 million and $122.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $75.3 million and $306.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Other expense, net was $32.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $50.8 million for the comparable period in 2024.

The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in foreign currency exchange losses which were approximately $13.6 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $23.0 million, for the comparable period in 2024.

Losses on sales of receivables, primarily related to our accounts receivable sales agreements with our finance joint ventures in North America, Europe and Brazil and included in “Other expense, net,” were approximately $18.9 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $27.9 million for the comparable period in 2024.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded the final business interruption insurance recovery related to the 2022 cyber attack of $5.0 million.

We recorded an income tax provision of $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $69.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Our effective tax rate varies from period to period due to the mix of taxable income and losses in the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate.

Based on a favorable tax ruling in Brazil regarding the taxability of certain state value added tax incentive benefits, the Company recorded a $31.7 million reduction in the provision for income taxes during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded approximately $26.4 million associated with our enrollment in a Brazilian tax amnesty program that is more fully described in Note 14 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Equity in net earnings of affiliates, which is primarily comprised of income from our AGCO Finance joint ventures, was $12.2 million and $38.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $21.9 million and $55.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The Company recorded a net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests of $1.1 million and $2.9 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Equity in net earnings of affiliates, which is primarily comprised of income from our AGCO Finance joint ventures, was $12.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $16.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The increase was primarily due to lower earnings in our finance joint ventures.

The Company recorded a net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests of $1.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

The net loss primarily relates to the noncontrolling interests of the PTx Trimble joint venture held by Trimble, which owns a 15% interest in the joint venture.

The Company recorded a net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests of $0.1 million and $0.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

The Company had no net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Results of Operations - Segment Information

The Company has four operating segments that are also its reportable segments, which consist of the Europe/Middle East (“EME”), North America, South America and Asia/Pacific/Africa (“APA”) regions.

The Company has four operating segments which are also its reportable segments which consist of the Europe/Middle East (“EME”), North America, South America and Asia/Pacific/Africa (“APA”) regions.

The Company’s reportable segments are geography based and distribute a full range of agricultural machinery and precision agriculture technology.

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The Company’s selling, general and administrative expenses and engineering expenses are charged to each segment based on the region and division where the expenses are incurred.

As a result, the components of income from operations for one segment may not be comparable to another segmen t.

As a result, the components of income (loss) from operations for one segment may not be comparable to another segment.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the impact to net sales of currency translation by geographical segment (in millions, except percentages):

Three Months Ended September 30, Change Change Due to Currency Translation

The following table sets forth, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, the impact to net sales of currency translation by geographical segment (in millions, except percentages):

Three Months Ended March 31, Change Change Due to Currency Translation

2025 2024 $ % $ %

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Asia/Pacific/Africa 94.5 147.6 (53.1) (36.0) % (2.8) (1.9) %

Total Segments

2,050.5 2,728.6 (678.1) (24.9) % (69.3) (2.5) %

Nine Months Ended September 30, Change Change Due to Currency Translation

— 200.1 (200.1) (100.0) % — — %

Europe/Middle East $ 4,930.1 $ 5,281.5 $ (351.4) (6.7) % $ 27.0 0.5 %

North America 2,303.5 2,861.0 (557.5) (19.5) % (3.6) (0.1) %

South America 1,033.9 1,822.2 (788.3) (43.3) % (41.3) (2.3) %

Asia/Pacific/Africa 507.1 647.0 (139.9) (21.6) % (3.4) (0.5) %

$ 2,050.5 $ 2,928.7 $ (878.2) (30.0) % $ (69.3) (2.4) %

Three Months Ended September 30, Change Nine Months Ended September 30, Change

____________________________________

Net Sales $ 1,298.2 $ 1,586.9 $ (288.7) $ 4,930.1 $ 5,281.5 $ (351.4)

(1) “Other” represents the results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 for the majority of the Company’s Grain & Protein business which was divested on November 1, 2024.

The results of the G&P business through the date of the divestiture were previously included within our North America, South America, Europe/Middle East and Asia/Pacific/Africa segments.

Three Months Ended

$ 1,330.5 $ 1,706.9 $ (376.4)

Income from operations

Net sales in EME decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in mid-range tractors, high-horsepower tractors and hay tools, partially offset by favorable foreign currency translation and a favorable impact from the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction.

Income from operations decreased by $116.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 as a result of lower sales and production volumes, increased discounting and higher warranty costs.

Net sales in EME decreased in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in mid-range tractors and hay tools, and lower sales of grain and protein products, partially offset by favorable foreign currency translation.

Income from operations decreased by $79.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as a result of lower sales and production volumes.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

154.4 295.1 (140.7)

Net sales in EME decreased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in high-horsepower and mid-range tractors and hay tools, and unfavorable foreign currency translation.

Income from operations decreased by $140.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 as a result of lower sales and production volumes.

North America

Three Months Ended September 30, Change Nine Months Ended September 30, Change

Three Months Ended

March 31, Change

$ 395.6 $ 601.1 $ (205.5)

Net Sales $ 736.1 $ 941.1 $ (205.0) $ 2,303.5 $ 2,861.0 $ (557.5)

Income from Operations 52.7 139.8 (87.1) 171.8 378.8 (207.0)

Net sales in North America decreased in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in mid-range and high-horsepower tractors and hay tools.

Income from operations decreased by $87.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 as a result of lower sales and production volumes and higher warranty costs.

These decreases were partially offset by margin improvements related to grain and protein products.

Net sales in North America decreased in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in mid-range and high-horsepower tractors and hay tools.

Income from operations decreased by $207.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as a result of lower sales and production volumes and higher warranty costs.

These decreases were partially offset by margin improvements related to grain and protein products.

Income (loss) from operations

(19.8) 28.4 (48.2)

Net sales in North America decreased in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in high-horsepower tractors, sprayers and combines.

Income (loss) from operations decreased by $48.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 as a result of lower sales and production volumes.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

South America

Three Months Ended September 30, Change Nine Months Ended September 30, Change

Three Months Ended

March 31, Change

$ 229.9 $ 273.0 $ (43.1)

Net Sales $ 381.6 $ 719.8 $ (338.2) $ 1,033.9 $ 1,822.2 $ (788.3)

Income from operations

Net sales decreased in South America in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, as a result of sales volume declines, most significantly in tractors, combines and implements, and unfavorable foreign currency translation.

Income from operations decreased $104.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, as a result of lower sales and production volumes and negative pricing impacts, partially offset by a one-time benefit from the tax reduction of tax on payments from imported goods and services in Argentina.

Net sales decreased in South America in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as a result of sales volume declines, most significantly in tractors and combines and unfavorable foreign currency translation.

Income from operations decreased $296.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as a result of lower sales and production volumes and negative pricing impacts, partially offset by lower SG&A expenses resulting from a benefit recorded from the sale of a dealership in the first quarter of 2024 which was previously terminated in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Three Months Ended September 30, Change Nine Months Ended September 30, Change

2.1 12.0 (9.9)

Net Sales $ 183.4 $ 207.7 $ (24.3) $ 507.1 $ 647.0 $ (139.9)

Income from Operations 7.0 19.2 (12.2) 27.4 58.2 (30.8)

Net sales decreased in APA in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower sales volumes of high horse power tractors and lower sales of grain and protein products.

Income from operations decreased $12.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower sales and production volumes.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Net sales decreased in APA in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower sales volumes of high horse power tractors and hay tools and lower sales of grain and protein products.

Income from operations decreased $30.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to lower sales and production volumes.

Net sales decreased in South America in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to sales volume declines, most significantly in tractors and implements, and unfavorable foreign currency translation.

Income from operations decreased $9.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, as a result of lower sales and production volumes and negative pricing impacts.

Three Months Ended

March 31, Change

$ 94.5 $ 147.6 $ (53.1)

Income (loss) from operations

(2.7) 9.1 (11.8)

Net sales decreased in APA in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to lower sales volume declines, most significantly in high horse power tractors and sprayers.

Income from operations decreased $11.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to lower sales and production volumes.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our financing requirements generally are subject to variations due to seasonal changes in inventory and receivable levels.

Internally generated funds are supplemented when necessary from external sources, primarily our credit facilities and accounts receivable sales agreement facilities, subject to the discussion below with respect to the financing of the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction.

Internally generated funds are supplemented when necessary from external sources, primarily our credit facilities and accounts receivable sales agreement facilities.

Additional information regarding our indebtedness is contained in Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

We believe that the following borrowings and facilities listed below, together with available cash and internally generated funds, and assuming customary renewals and replacements, will be sufficient to support our working capital, capital expenditures and debt service requirements for the foreseeable future (in millions):

September 30, 2024 (1)

We believe that the borrowings and facilities listed below, together with available cash and internally generated funds, and assuming customary renewals and replacements, will be sufficient to support our working capital, capital expenditures and debt service requirements for the foreseeable future (in millions):

March 31, 2025 (1)

Credit facility, expires 2027 $ 476.2

Term Loan Facility borrowings 500.0

5.450% Senior notes due 2027

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EIB Senior term loan due 2030 183.7

EIB Senior term loan due 2030 189.9

Senior term loans due between 2025 and 2028 158.3

Other long-term debt 1.1

____________________________________

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The Company has a credit facility providing for a $1.25 billion multi-currency unsecured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility”) that matures on December 19, 2027.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $790.0 million in outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and had the ability to borrow $459.9 million.

Subsequent to the end of the quarter, on November 1, 2024, the Company repaid $150.0 million outstanding under the Credit Facility utilizing proceeds from the sale of the Company’s G&P business discussed further below.

In addition, the Company has an uncommitted revolving credit facility that allows the Company to borrow up to €100.0 million (or approximately $111.7 million as of September 30, 2024).

The credit facility expires on December 31, 2026.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility.

On September 29, 2023, the Company entered into a multi-currency Finance Contract with the EIB permitting the Company to borrow up to €250.0 million, to fund up to 50% of certain investments in research, development and innovation primarily in Germany, France and Finland during the period from 2023 through 2026.

On October 26, 2023, the Company borrowed €250.0 million under the arrangement.

The loan matures on October 26, 2029.

As of September 30, 2024, there was €250.0 million (approximately $279.3 million) outstanding under the EIB Senior Term Loan due 2029.

On January 25, 2024, the Company entered into an additional multi-currency Finance Contract with the EIB permitting the Company to borrow up to €170.0 million, for which the proceeds will be used in a similar manner as described for the EIB Senior Term Loan due 2029 above.

On February 15, 2024, the Company borrowed €170.0 million under the arrangement.

The loan matures on February 15, 2030.

As of September 30, 2024, there was €170.0 million (approximately $189.9 million) outstanding under the EIB Senior Term Loan due 2030.

On March 21, 2024, the Company issued (i) $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2027 Notes and (ii) $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2034 Notes.

The Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of the Company and are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis, jointly and severally, by certain direct and indirect subsidiaries of the

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $476.2 million in outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and had the ability to borrow $773.8 million.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $400.0 million and $700.0 million outstanding under the 2027 Notes and 2034 Notes, respectively.

In December 2023 and March 2024, the Company amended the Credit Facility to allow for incremental borrowings in the form of the Term Loan Facility in an aggregate principal amount of $500.0 million.

The Company drew down the Term Loan Facility on March 28, 2024.

Borrowings under the Term Loan Facility bear interest at the same rate and margin as the Credit Facility.

The Term Loan Facility matures on December 19, 2027.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $500.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan Facility.

Subsequent to the end of the quarter, on November 1, 2024, the Company repaid the $500.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan Facility utilizing proceeds from the sale of the Company’s G&P business discussed further below.

On September 28, 2023, the Company entered into a bridge facility commitment letter with Morgan Stanley pursuant to which Morgan Stanley committed to provide, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, a $2.0 billion senior unsecured 364-day bridge facility.

The amount available under the Bridge Facility was reduced to zero by certain permanent financing transactions including the net proceeds from the issuance of the Notes, the Company's entry into the Term Loan Facility and by amounts based on the Company's cash flow.

The Company terminated the Bridge Facility on March 25, 2024.

The PTx Trimble joint venture transaction closed on April 1, 2024.

The Company financed the joint venture transaction through a combination of the Senior Notes due 2027 and 2034, the Term Loan Facility and the remainder through other borrowings and cash on hand.

The Company had redeemable noncontrolling interests of $337.5 million as of September 30, 2024 resulting from the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction, which may require the use of cash in certain instances, beginning in 2027.

In addition, the Company has an uncommitted revolving credit facility that allows the Company to borrow up to €100.0 million (or approximately $108.1 million as of March 31, 2025).

The credit facility expires on December 31, 2026.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility.

The Company had redeemable noncontrolling interests of $299.8 million as of March 31, 2025 resulting from the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction, which may require the use of cash in certain instances, beginning in 2027.

Refer to Note 2 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

On November 1, 2024, the Company completed the previously announced sale of the Company’s G&P business to A-AG Holdco Limited, an affiliate of American Industrial Partners.

The Company received proceeds of approximately $700.0 million from the sale, subject to customary working capital and other adjustments.

The Company repaid the $500.0 million outstanding under the Term Loan Facility and $150.0 million outstanding under the Credit Facility utilizing proceeds from the sale.

The Company is in compliance with the financial covenants contained in these facilities and expects to continue to maintain such compliance.

Should we ever encounter difficulties, our historical relationship with our lenders has been strong, and we anticipate their continued long-term support of our business.

Refer to Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our current facilities, including the financial covenants contained in each debt instrument.

Our debt to capitalization ratio, which is total indebtedness divided by the sum of total indebtedness, excluding short-term borrowings due within one year, and stockholders’ equity, was 48.8% and 23.0% at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The increase largely reflects the indebtedness incurred to pay the purchase price attendant to the PTx Trimble joint venture transaction.

Our debt to capitalization ratio, which is total indebtedness divided by the sum of total indebtedness, excluding short-term borrowings due within one year, and stockholders’ equity, was 42.6% and 40.6% at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Supplemental Guarantor Financial Information

The 2027 Notes and the 2034 Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness of the Company and are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis, jointly and severally, by AGCO International Holdings B.V., AGCO International GmbH, Massey Ferguson Corp.

and The GSI Group, LLC, direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Company (collectively, the “Guarantors”).

Refer to Note 9 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of these debt obligations.

On March 21, 2024, the Company issued (i) $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.450% Senior Notes due 2027 (the “2027 Notes”) and (ii) $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.800% Senior Notes due 2034 (the “2034 Notes”, and together with the 2027 Notes, the “Notes”).

The following tables present summarized financial information of AGCO Corporation, as the issuer of the 2027 Notes and the 2034 Notes, and the Guarantors on a combined basis after elimination of intercompany transactions and balances within the Guarantors and equity in the earnings from and investments in any non-guarantor subsidiary.

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Balance Sheet Information

(in millions) As of September 30, 2024 As of December 31, 2023

(in millions) As of March 31, 2025 As of December 31, 2024

Current assets (a)

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____________________________________

(a) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $2,309.9 million and $3,391.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(b) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $819.5 million and $404.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(c) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,836.7 million and $3,813.4 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(d) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,871.3 million and $1,193.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(a) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,973.5 million and $2,189.6 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(b) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $94.6 million and $729.0 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(c) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,267.2 million and $1,972.8 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(d) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,452.2 million and $1,706.5 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Statement of Operations Information

(in millions) Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions) Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

Income from Operations 35.6

Net income (44.6)

Net income attributable to obligor group (44.6)

Net loss attributable to obligor group

____________________________________

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Balance Sheet Information

(in millions) As of September 30, 2024 As of December 31, 2023

(in millions) As of March 31, 2025 As of December 31, 2024

Current assets (a)

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Noncurrent assets (b)

1,078.4 648.3

Current liabilities (c)

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____________________________________

(a) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $2,013.1 million and $2,760.2 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(b) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $784.7 million and $379.0 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(c) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,769.8 million and $3,540.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(d) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,834.2 million and $1,193.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(a) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,554.6 million and $1,895.5 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(b) Includes amounts due from non-guarantor subsidiaries of $94.6 million and $729.0 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(c) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,170.6 million and $1,863.9 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

(d) Includes amounts due to non-guarantor subsidiaries of $1,452.2 million and $1,706.5 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Statement of Operations Information

(in millions) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

(in millions) Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

Income from Operations 122.9

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These agreements are accounted for as off-balance sheet transactions.

The cash received from receivables sold under the U.S., Canadian, European and Brazilian accounts receivable sales agreements that remain outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was approximately $2.2 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively.

The cash received from receivables sold under these accounts receivable sales agreements that remain outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was approximately $2.1 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively.

In addition, we sell certain trade receivables under factoring arrangements to other financial institutions around the world.

The cash received from trade receivables sold under factoring arrangements that remain outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was approximately $205.4 million and $254.1 million, respectively.

Our finance joint ventures in Europe, Brazil and Australia also provide wholesale financing directly to our dealers.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, these finance joint ventures had approximately $203.2 million and $211.3 million, respectively, of outstanding accounts receivable associated with these arrangements.

The total finance portfolio in our finance joint ventures was approximately $14.6 billion and $14.1 billion as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The total finance portfolio as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 included approximately $11.8 billion and $10.8 billion, respectively, of retail receivables and $2.8 billion and $3.3 billion, respectively, of wholesale receivables from AGCO dealers.

The cash received from trade receivables sold under factoring arrangements that remain outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was approximately $210.1 million and $220.5 million, respectively.

In order to efficiently manage our liquidity, we generally pay vendors in accordance with negotiated terms.

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Should we not be able to negotiate extended payment terms with our vendors, or should financial institutions no longer be willing to participate in early payment programs with us, we would expect to have sufficient liquidity to timely pay our vendors without any material impact on us or our financial position.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount outstanding that remains unpaid to the banks or other intermediaries associated with these programs totaled $77.7 million and $82.7 million, respectively.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the amount outstanding that remains unpaid to the banks or other intermediaries associated with these programs totaled $37.0 million and $50.6 million, respectively.

Refer to Note 8 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Cash flows used in operating activities were approximately $108.0 million for the first nine months of 2024 compared to cash provided by operating activities of approximately $202.7 million for the same period in 2023.

The increase of cash used in operating activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by a decrease in net income in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.

Cash flows used in operating activities were approximately $212.2 million for the first three months of 2025 compared to cash flows used in operating activities of approximately $370.0 million for the same period in 2024.

The decrease of cash used in operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was driven by changes in working capital primarily related to a decrease in inventories.

Our working capital requirements are seasonal, with investments in working capital typically building in the first half of the year and then reducing in the second half of the year.

We had approximately $2,258.8 million in working capital at September 30, 2024 as compared to $1,997.2 million at December 31, 2023.

Inventories as of September 30, 2024 were approximately $3,443.2 million as compared to $3,440.7 million at December 31, 2023.

Accounts and notes receivable, net, as of September 30, 2024 were approximately $156.9 million lower than at December 31, 2023 primarily due to timing of sales of accounts receivable under our factoring arrangements.

Accounts payable and Accrued expenses as of September 30, 2024 were approximately $246.2 million and $395.0 million lower than at December 31, 2023, respectively.

We had approximately $1,828.3 million in working capital at March 31, 2025 as compared to $1,312.0 million at December 31, 2024.

Inventories as of March 31, 2025 were approximately $2,958.0 million as compared to $2,731.3 million at December 31, 2024.

Accounts and notes receivable, net, as of March 31, 2025 were approximately $32.1 million lower than at December 31, 2024 primarily due to timing of sales of accounts receivable under our factoring arrangements.

Accounts payable and Accrued expenses as of March 31, 2025 were approximately $126.1 million lower than at December 31, 2024.

Capital expenditures for the first three months of 2025 were approximately $48.2 million compared to $95.0 million for the same period in 2024.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Capital expenditures for the first nine months of 2024 were approximately $279.3 million compared to $357.7 million for the same period in 2023.

Share Repurchase and Dividends

In November 2024, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase (“ASR”) agreement with a financial institution to repurchase $22.0 million of shares of its common stock.

The Company received approximately 228,969 shares associated with the completion of this transaction as of December 31, 2024.

In November 2023, the Company entered into an ASR agreement with a financial institution to repurchase $53.0 million of shares of its common stock.

We received approximately 371,669 shares associated with this transaction as of December 31, 2023.

In January 2024, the Company received an additional 82,883 shares upon final settlement of our November 2023 ASR agreement.

The Company received approximately 371,669 shares associated with this transaction as of December 31, 2023.

In January 2024, the Company received an additional 82,883 shares upon final settlement of its November 2023 ASR agreement.

All shares received under the ASR agreement were retired upon receipt, and the excess of the purchase price over par value per share was recorded to a combination of “Additional paid-in capital” and “Retained earnings” within the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We did not purchase any shares directly or enter into any accelerated share repurchase agreements during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

As of September 30, 2024, the remaining amount authorized to be repurchased under board-approved share repurchase authorizations was approximately $57.0 million, which has no expiration date.

On April 25, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors declared a special variable dividend of $2.50 per common share that was paid during the second quarter of 2024.

During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $0.29 and $0.29 per common share, respectively.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $3.37 and $5.81 per common share, respectively.

On October 24, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.29 per common share to be paid on December 16, 2024, to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on November 15, 2024.

As of March 31, 2025, the remaining amount authorized to be repurchased under board-approved share repurchase authorizations was approximately $35.0 million, which has no expiration date.

We did not purchase any shares directly or enter into any accelerated share repurchase agreements during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company declared and paid cash dividends of $0.29 and $0.29 per common share, respectively.

On April 24, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.29 per common share to be paid on June 16, 2025, to all stockholders of record as of the close of business on May 15, 2025.

COMMITMENTS, OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

We are party to a number of commitments and other financial arrangements, which may include off-balance sheet arrangements.

At September 30, 2024, we had outstanding guarantees issued to our Argentine finance joint venture, AGCO Capital, of approximately $60.5 million.

At March 31, 2025, we had outstanding guarantees issued to our Argentine finance joint venture, AGCO Capital, of approximately $64.2 million.

In addition, we had accrued approximately $12.4 million of outstanding guarantees of residual values that may be owed to our finance joint ventures in the United States and Canada due upon expiration of certain eligible operating leases between the finance joint ventures and end users.

The maximum potential amount of future payments under the guarantee is approximately $212.3 million.

We also sell a majority of our wholesale receivables in North America, Europe and Brazil to our U.S., Canadian, European and Brazilian finance joint ventures.

Refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” as well as to Notes 4 and 17 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of these matters.

We sell certain accounts receivable under factoring arrangements to our finance joint ventures and to financial institutions around the world.

We account for the sale of such receivables as off balance sheet transactions.

Our finance joint ventures in Europe, Brazil and Australia also provide wholesale financing directly to our dealers.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, these finance joint ventures had approximately $115.8 million and $139.2 million, respectively, of outstanding accounts receivable associated with these arrangements.

The total finance portfolio in our finance joint ventures was approximately $14.2 billion and $14.5 billion as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

The total finance portfolio as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 included approximately $11.7 billion and $11.3 billion, respectively, of retail receivables and $2.5 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively, of wholesale receivables from AGCO dealers.

Contingencies

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Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.

The appeal is fully briefed and is awaiting oral arguments before the court.

The Company has an indemnity right under the purchase agreement related to the acquisition of Precision Planting from its previous owner.

Pursuant to that right, the previous owner of Precision Planting currently is responsible for the litigation costs associated with the complaint and is obligated to reimburse AGCO for some or all of the damages in the event of an adverse outcome in the litigation.

On January 24, 2025, the Court ruled in favor of the Company and Precision Planting.

Deere did not file for a writ of certiorari from the U.S.

Supreme Court within the required time period, and, as a result, the District Court judgement is final.

We are party to various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business.

We closely monitor these claims and lawsuits and frequently consult with our legal counsel to determine whether they may, when resolved, have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations and accrue and/or disclose loss contingencies as appropriate.

See Note 17 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

On April 1, 2024, AGCO acquired an 85% stake in PTx Trimble, and Trimble holds a 15% stake.

AGCO began consolidating the PTx Trimble joint venture into its consolidated financial statements on April 1, 2024.

On November 1, 2024, AGCO closed the previously announced divestiture of the Grain & Protein business.

Global industry demand for farm equipment, driven by farm income, has declined during 2024 in most major markets compared to 2023.

AGCO's net sales are expected to decrease in 2024 compared to 2023, resulting from lower sales volumes.

Operating margins are expected to decrease from 2023 levels, reflecting the impact of lower net sales, lower production volumes, partially offset by increased cost controls and modestly lower investments in engineering.

Refer to Note 17 of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

Global industry demand for farm equipment, driven by farm income, is expected to be moderately lower during 2025 in most major markets compared to 2024.

Our net sales are expected to moderately decrease in 2025 compared to 2024, resulting from lower sales volumes as well as unfavorable currency translation partially offset by pricing and sales mix.

Operating margins will reflect the impact of lower net sales, lower production volumes, partially offset by increased cost controls and flat engineering expenses.

Our outlook is based on current assumptions regarding a number of factors including demand, currency stability, pricing and market share gains.

If our assumptions are incorrect, or other issues arise or return, such as a worsening of our supply chain, our results of operations will be adversely impacted.

If our assumptions are incorrect, or other issues arise or return, such as tariffs or a worsening of our supply chain, our results of operations will be adversely impacted.

Refer to “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for further discussion.

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The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities.

On an ongoing basis, management evaluates estimates, including those related to discount and sales incentive allowances, deferred income taxes and uncertain income tax positions, pensions, goodwill, other intangible and long-lived assets, and recoverable indirect taxes.

Management bases these estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

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A description of critical accounting policies and related judgments and estimates that affect the preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

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• grain stock levels and the levels of new and used field inventories;

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

• cost of steel and other raw materials;

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• performance and collectability of the accounts receivable originated or owned by AGCO or our finance joint ventures;

• government policies and subsidies;

• uncertainty regarding changes in the international tariff regimes and product embargoes and their impact on the cost of the products that we sell;

• government policies, tariffs and subsidies;

• uncertainty regarding changes in the international tariff regimes (including implementation of new tariffs and retaliatory measures) and product embargoes and their impact on the cost of the products that we sell;

• weather conditions;

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• regulations affecting privacy and data protection;

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

• technological difficulties;

• the impact of the COVID-19, or other future pandemics, on product demand and production;

• the impact of future pandemics on product demand and production;

• the occurrence of future cyberattacks, including ransomware attacks;

• the conflict in Ukraine.

The recent announcements of significant trade policy and tariff actions by the U.S.

These announcements in some cases were followed by delays and changes in implementation, and the ultimate tariff structures are unclear at the current time.

The impacts of the tariffs may be mitigated as a majority of our sales and manufacturing takes place outside the United States.

Additionally, these tariffs will increase the cost of certain raw materials and components, impacting our cost of goods sold.

While we are actively exploring opportunities to mitigate these increased costs, there can be no guarantee that we will be able to fully offset the impact of these tariffs.

Furthermore, the imposition of retaliatory tariffs from other countries on our exported products could negatively affect our sales and marketplace access in those countries.

Moreover, the uncertainty of the tariff changes and any future trade policy changes has adversely impacted, and is expected to continue to adversely impact, our sales.

We depend on suppliers for components, parts and raw materials for our products, and any failure by our suppliers to provide products as needed, or by us to promptly address supplier issues, will adversely impact our ability to timely and efficiently manufacture and sell products.

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Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.

What changed 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis