Armada Acquisition Corp. II 10-K

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this report. References to the “Company,” “us” or “we” refer to Armada Acquisition Corp. II. Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions. Factors that might cause or contribute to such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those described in our other SEC filings. Overview We are a blank check company incorporated on October 3, 2024 as a Cayman Islands exempted company for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses that we have not yet selected. We may pursue a Business Combination in any industry or sector. For the period from October 3, 2024 (date of inception) through August 28, 2025 our sponsor was Armada Sponsor II LLC. On August 12, 2025, we entered into the Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which our Original Sponsor agreed to sell to our New Sponsor, and our New Sponsor agreed to purchase from our Original Sponsor, an aggregate of 7,880,000 Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, 400,000 Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.0001 per share, and 200,000 private placement warrants of the Company for an aggregate purchase price of $6,600,000. Effective August 28, 2025, the New Sponsor Purchase was completed and our Original Sponsor ceased to control the Company. Following the completion, our New Sponsor owns all of our equity interests held by the Original Sponsor, including 100% of the Company’s Class B ordinary shares, has the power to appoint all members of the board of directors (the “Board”), and may therefore be deemed to control the Company. Our registration statement for our Initial Public Offering was declared effective on May 20, 2025. On May 22, 2025, we consummated the Initial Public Offering of 23,000,000 Units, including the issuance of 3,000,000 Units as a result of the underwriters’ exercise of their over-allotment option, at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $230,000,000. -61- Table of Contents Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, we consummated the Private Placement of an aggregate of 710,000 units, at a price of $10.00 per Private Placement Unit, in a private placement to our Original Sponsor, Cohen and Company Capital Markets, a division of J.V.B. Financial Group, LLC (“CCM”) and Northland Securities, Inc. (“Northland”), generating gross proceeds to the Company of $7,100,000. Transaction costs amounted to $14,413,386, consisting of $4,600,000 of cash underwriting fee, $9,200,000 of deferred underwriting fee, and $613,386 of other offering costs. Upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering and the Private Placement, $231,150,000 of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Units were placed in a trust account (“Trust Account”), located in the United States, with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee, and invested in United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act, having a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7promulgated under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account. If we are unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, we will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than 10 business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account (which interest shall be net of taxes payable and up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then issued and outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public shareholders’ rights as shareholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law; and (3) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining shareholders and our Board of Directors, liquidate and dissolve, subject in each case to our obligations under Cayman Islands law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. Commencing on June 24, 2025, the holders of the Units may elect to trade ordinary shares and the warrants comprising the Units separately. Proposed Transactions Business Combination Agreement On October 19, 2025, we entered into the Business Combination Agreement with (a) PubCo, (b) Armada Merger Sub, (c) Pathfinder, (d) Pathfinder Merger Sub, and (e) Ripple. The Business Combination Agreement provides that, among other things, following the Domestication and upon the Closing and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, among other things, (i) Armada Delaware will merge with and into Armada Merger Sub, with Armada Delaware continuing as the surviving company of the Armada Merger, and (ii) at least two hours after the Armada Merger, Pathfinder Merger Sub will merge with and into Pathfinder, with Pathfinder continuing as the surviving company of the Pathfinder Merger. As a result of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, PubCo will become a publicly traded company, all upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Business Combination Agreement and in accordance with applicable law. For more information about the Business Combination Agreement and the proposed Transactions, see the section entitled “ Business—Background and Business Combination Agreement .” Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement Concurrently with the Closing of the Business Combination Agreement we, along with, Pubco, the New Sponsor and certain securityholders listed therein will enter into a registration rights agreement that will amend and restate the registration rights agreement entered into at the time of our initial public offering between us, the New Sponsor and certain securityholders listed therein (as amended, the “Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which Pubco will assume the registration obligations of the Company under such registration rights agreement, with such rights applying to the shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock, Class B common stock (the “Pubco Class B Common Stock”) and Pubco Class C Common Stock. The Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement provides for customary demand registration rights, piggyback registration rights, and shelf registration rights for the benefit of the holders, subject to customary cutbacks and issuer suspension rights. It also includes customary provisions relating to underwriting participation, registration expenses, indemnification, and coordination of sales in underwritten offerings. The Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement will become effective upon the Closing and will supersede our existing registration rights agreement in its entirety. Sponsor Support Agreement Concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, we entered into a Sponsor Support Agreement with the New Sponsor and Pubco (the “Sponsor Support Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other things, the New Sponsor agreed (i) to vote its Class A Shares and Class B Shares (the “New Sponsor Shares”) in favor of the Business Combination Agreement and the Transactions and each of the proposal to approve the Business Combination Agreement, the proposal to authorize and approve the Pathfinder Merger, and the proposal to approve a plan of domestication, (ii) to vote its New Sponsor Shares against any alternative transactions, (iii) to comply with the restrictions imposed by the Insider Letter (as defined above), by and among us, the Original Sponsor, and our officers and directors at the time of its initial public offering, pursuant to which the New Sponsor was later joined as a party by way of the Joinder (as defined above) to the Insider Letter, by and between us and the New Sponsor, including the restrictions on transfer and redemption of the Class A Shares and Class B Shares in connection with the Transactions, and (iv) subject to and conditioned upon the Closing, to waive any anti-dilution rights that would otherwise result in the Class B Shares converting into Class A Shares on a greater than one-for-one basis. In addition, the New Sponsor agreed to effect certain security cancellations and issuances in connection with the Closing. Specifically, immediately prior to the time on the Closing Date when the certificate to be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State to certify the Pathfinder Merger (the “Pathfinder Certificate of Merger”) has been duly accepted for filing by the Delaware Secretary of State in accordance with the applicable provisions of Limited Liability Company Act of the State of Delaware (the “DLLCA”) (or such other time as specified in the Pathfinder Certificate of Merger) (the “Company Merger Effective Time”), the New Sponsor will forfeit for no consideration (a) 120,000 Class A Shares, (b) 2,364,000 Class B Shares and (c) 60,000 warrants, each exercisable for one Class A Share at $11.50 per share (the “Private Placement Warrants”). Pursuant to the Sponsor Support Agreement, the New Sponsor also agreed, subject to and effective as of the Closing, to irrevocably and unconditionally release and waive any and all claims it may have against us, Pubco and Pathfinder or their respective affiliates arising on or prior to the Closing, subject to customary carve-outs. Lock-Up Agreements Concurrently with the Closing, us and each of the New Sponsor, Ripple and other Persons who will, immediately after the Closing, be holders of Pubco Stock or units of the Company Surviving Subsidiary and who, with Ripple, will collectively be deemed to form a “group” as defined in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (“Ripple Affiliate Investors”) will enter into a Lock-Up Agreement with Pubco (the “Lock-Up Agreements”), pursuant to which such parties agree that any shares of Pubco Stock, one warrant to purchase one share of Pubco Class A Common Stock issued to warrant holders of SPAC Delaware by Pubco (the “Pubco Warrants”), any shares of Pubco Stock issuable upon the exercise or settlement, as applicable, of Warrants, Pathfinder Units, and any other securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Pubco Stock, in each case, held by such holder immediately after the Closing will be locked-up and subject to transfer restrictions, as described below, subject to certain exceptions. Pursuant to the Lock-Up Agreements, the parties thereto agree, among other things, not to, without the prior written consent of Pubco, (i) sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agree to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidation with respect to or decrease a call equivalent position with respect to Restricted Securities (as defined in the Lock-Up Agreements), (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any Restricted Securities, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of such securities, in cash or otherwise, or (iii) publicly announce the intention to effect any transaction specified in clause (i) or (ii), until the earlier of six months following the date of the Closing and the date on which Pubco consummates a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all Pubco shareholders having the right to exchange their shares of Pubco common stock for cash, securities or other property. The Lock-Up Agreements include customary exceptions to the transfer restrictions, including transfers to affiliates. Subscription Agreements Advance Funding Subscription Agreements Together with Pubco and Pathfinder, we entered into advance funding subscription agreements in connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement (the “Advance Funding Subscription Agreements”) with certain institutional investors and individual accredited investors (“Advance Subscribers”) pursuant to which the Advance Subscribers agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock for an aggregate of $214.05 million in cash and a contribution of 600,000 XRP tokens, in a private placement (the “PIPE”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreements. Advance Subscribers will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the Advance Subscriber Subscription Price and (ii) $10.00 (the “Initial Subscribed Shares”), plus the Adjustment Shares (as defined below). “Advance Subscriber Subscription Price” means (a) if the Advance Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Advance Funding Subscription Agreement or (b) if the Advance Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Advance Funding Subscription Agreement and (y) the XRP Token VWAP on October 19, 2025. Delayed Funding Subscription Agreements Together with Pubco and Pathfinder, we entered into delayed funding subscription agreements in connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement (each, a “Delayed Funding Subscription Agreement” and collectively, the “Delayed Funding Subscription Agreements”) with certain institutional investors and individual accredited investors (“Delayed Subscribers”) pursuant to which the Delayed Subscribers agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock for an aggregate of $10.5 million in cash and a contribution of 200,000 XRP tokens, in a PIPE, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreements. Delayed Subscribers will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the Delayed Subscriber Subscription Price and (ii) $10.00. “Delayed Subscriber Subscription Price” means (a) if the Delayed Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Delayed Funding Subscription Agreement or (b) if the Delayed Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Delayed Funding Subscription Agreement and (y) the Closing Date XRP Token VWAP. Series C Subscription Agreements In connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, and together with Pubco and Pathfinder, we entered into a Series C Subscription Agreement with the New Sponsor (the “Series C Subscription Agreement”) pursuant to which the Sponsor agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock for a contribution of 211,319,096.061435 XRP tokens, in a PIPE, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreement. The New Sponsor will receive an aggregate number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the New Sponsor Subscription Price and (ii) Initial Subscribed Shares, plus Adjustment Shares. “New Sponsor Subscription Price” means (a) if the New Sponsor elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Series C Subscription Agreement or (b) if the New Sponsor elected to subscribe for such shares with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Series C Subscription Agreement and (y) the Signing Date XRP Token VWAP. The New Sponsor will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock on the Closing Date that would result in the Series C DQ Persons collectively owning, immediately after the Closing Date and the other related transactions, a number of Pubco Class A Common Stock that would cause such Series C DQ Persons to be the beneficial owners of capital stock of Pubco such that the Series C Attributed Ownership Percentage equals 19.9%. The New Sponsor will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class C Common Stock equal to the number of Subscribed Shares minus the number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock issued to the Sponsor pursuant to the preceding sentence. The closing of the Series C Subscription Agreement is conditioned on, among other things, the satisfaction, or waiver by the New Sponsor, of the additional condition that, on the date hereof, no Other Subscription Agreement (or other agreements or understandings (including side letters) entered into in connection therewith or in connection with the sale of the Other Equity Interests) shall have been amended, modified or waived in any manner that benefits any Other Subscriber with respect to the economic terms governing the purchase and sale of such Other Equity Interests unless the New Sponsor shall have been offered in writing the same economic benefits, subject to certain exceptions. Ripple Group Subscription Agreements In connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, and together with Pubco and Pathfinder, we entered into a subscription agreement with certain affiliates of Ripple (each, a “Ripple Group Subscription Agreement,” and together, the “Ripple Group Subscription Agreements,”) and together with the Advance Funding Subscription Agreements, the Delayed Funding Subscription Agreement and the Series C Subscription Agreement, the “Subscription Agreements”) pursuant to which the affiliates of Ripple (the “Ripple Group Subscribers”) agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pathfinder Units for an aggregate contribution of 50 million XRP tokens, in a PIPE, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreement. The Ripple Group Subscribers will receive an aggregate number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pathfinder Units on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the Ripple Group Subscription Price and (ii) Initial Subscribed Equity Units, plus Adjustment Equity Units. “Ripple Group Subscription Price” means (a) if such Ripple Group Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pathfinder Units with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to the applicable Ripple Group Subscription Agreement or (b) if such Ripple Group Subscriber elected to subscribe for such equity units with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Ripple Group Subscription Agreement and (y) the Signing Date XRP Token VWAP. The Ripple Group Subscribers will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock on the Closing Date that would result in the Ripple Group Holders collectively owning, immediately after the Closing Date and the other related transactions, a number of Pubco Class A Common Stock that would cause such Ripple Group Holders to be the beneficial owners of capital stock of Pubco such that the Ripple Group Ownership Percentage equals 9.9%. The Ripple Group Subscriber will also receive a number of Pathinder Units equal to the number of Subscribed Equity Interests minus the number of Subscribed Shares. The closing of each Ripple Group Subscription Agreement is conditioned on, among other things, the satisfaction or waiver by each Ripple Group Subscriber that no Other Ripple Group Subscription Agreement (or other agreements or understandings (including side letters) entered into in connection therewith or in connection with the sale of the Other Ripple Group Subscribed Equity Interests) shall have been amended, modified or waived in any manner that benefits any Other Ripple Group Subscriber unless the Ripple Group Subscriber shall have been offered in writing the same benefits. No fractional shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock, Pubco Class B Common Stock, or Pathfinder Unit will be issued in connection with the Subscription Agreements, and any fractional equity units otherwise issuable will be rounded down to the nearest whole equity unit -62- Table of Contents Results of Operations We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our activities from October 3, 2024 (inception) through September 30, 2025, were organizational activities and those necessary to prepare for the Initial Public Offering, described below. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial business combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income in marketable securities held in the trust account established for the benefit of our public shareholders (the “Trust Account”), with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, our initial Business Combination. For the period from October 3, 2024 (inception) through September 30, 2025, we had a net income of $1,771,983, which consisted of interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $3,748,166, offset by general and administrative costs of $1,706,183. Liquidity, Going Concern and Capital Resources On May 22, 2025, we consummated the Initial Public Offering of 23,000,000 units at $10.00 per unit, which includes the full exercise of the over-allotment option of 3,000,000 Units, by the Underwriters, generating gross proceeds of $230,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, we consummated the sale of an aggregate of 710,000 private placement units, at a price of $10.00 per private placement unit, generating gross proceeds of $7,100,000. Following the Initial Public Offering, including the full exercise of the over-allotment option, and the Private Placement, a total of $231,150,000 ($10.05 per Unit) was placed in the Trust Account. We incurred transaction costs of $14,413,386, which consisted of $4,600,000 of a cash underwriting fee, $9,200,000 of deferred underwriting fees, and $613,386 of other offering costs. For the period from October 3, 2024 (inception) through September 30, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $349,425. Net income of $1,771,983 was affected by interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $3,748,166 and an adjustment to accrued offering costs of $5,000, offset by the payment of operating costs through the issuance of Class B Shares of $25,000, payment of formation and operating costs through promissory note – related party of $4,614 and $870, respectively. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $1,331,274 of cash for operating activities. As of September 30, 2025, we had cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $234,628,166 (including approximately $3,478,166 of interest income) consisting of U.S. Treasury Bills with a maturity of 185 days or less. We may withdraw interest from the Trust Account to pay taxes, if any. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account (less income taxes payable, if any), to complete our Business Combination. To the extent that the share capital or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our Business Combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies. As of September 30, 2025, we had cash of $361,105. We intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, structure, negotiate and complete a Business Combination. -63- Table of Contents In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the New Sponsor, or certain of our officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If we complete a Business Combination, we would repay such loaned amounts. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our Trust Account would be used for such repayment. A portion of such Working Capital Loans may be convertible into private placement units of the post Business Combination entity at the option of the lender. The units would be identical to the private placement units. We may need to obtain additional financing either to complete our Business Combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of our Public Shares upon completion of our Business Combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. We cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to it on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. We have until the end of the Combination Period to consummate an initial Business Combination. It is uncertain that we will be able to consummate an initial business combination by November 22, 2026. If an initial Business Combination is not consummated within the Combination Period, there will be mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution. Management has determined that the liquidity condition and mandatory liquidation, should an initial Business Combination not occur, and potential subsequent dissolution raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. No adjustments have been made to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities should we be required to liquidate after November 22, 2026. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2025. Contractual Obligations We do not have any long-term debt obligations, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations, purchase obligations or other long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay the Original Sponsor $12,000 per month for office space, administrative and support services. These monthly fees will cease upon the completion of the initial Business Combination or the liquidation of the Company. The administrative services agreement with our Original Sponsor was terminated on August 28, 2025; all outstanding fees were paid through this date. No agreement for administrative service fees has been entered into with our New Sponsor. We granted the Underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 3,000,000 additional Units to cover any over-allotments, at the Initial Public Offering price less the underwriting discounts. On May 22, 2025, simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Underwriters elected to fully exercise the over-allotment option to purchase the additional 3,000,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. Additionally, the Underwriters are entitled to $0.40 per Unit sold in the offering, $9,200,000 in the aggregate, and is payable to the Underwriters based on the percentage of funds remaining in the Trust Account after redemptions of public shares, for deferred underwriting commissions to be placed in a Trust Account located in the United States and released to the underwriters only upon the completion of an initial Business Combination. On September 9, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with our Underwriters that the Underwriters shall, severally and not jointly, on the terms and conditions set forth in the letter agreement, and contingent upon the occurrence of a specified event that relates to a digital asset treasury transaction, reimburse a portion of the our bona fide documented fees and expenses incurred in connection with our Initial Public Offering in an amount of $2,300,000 (the “Reimbursement Amount”), with such amount decreased by $0.10 for every ordinary share for which a public shareholder exercises its redemption rights in connection with or prior to the specified event. As of September 30, 2025, no reimbursements have been recorded under this agreement. -64- Table of Contents We have entered into an agreement with an advisor, Northland, a cash transaction fee equal to a cash transaction fee equal to 1.0% of the consideration in the event that this advisor introduces the Company to the target with which we complete an initial Business Combination which is payable only upon and subject to the closing of the initial Business Combination. We have also agreed to pay Northland up to $20,000 in reimbursable out-of-pocket expenses. No amounts were incurred under this agreement from the period from our inception through September 30, 2025. We have entered into an agreement with an investor relations advisor, Bishop IR (“Bishop”) for the period from May 19, 2025 through May 18, 2026 with a monthly fee of $8,500, payable only upon and subject to the closing of the initial Business Combination. Upon completion of the initial Business Combination, Bishop will be entitled to a success fee of $100,000 payable only upon and subject to the closing of the initial Business Combination. Bishop shall also be reimbursed for all reasonable expenses and disbursements incurred on our behalf provided they do not exceed $300 without our prior consent. The agreement with Bishop was terminated effective September 3, 2025 by our New Sponsor. Upon termination of the agreement the Company recognized $37,564 of expenses which are included in deferred professional fees in our balance sheet as of September 30, 2025. On October 19, 2025, we retained CCM to provide an opinion to our Board as to the fairness of the Exchange Ratio (as defined in the Fairness opinion) in connection with our proposed Initial Business Combination Agreement. Pursuant to the terms of its engagement, CCM became entitled to a fee of $450,000 in consideration for the fairness opinion (the “Fairness Opinion Fee”). The Fairness Opinion Fee is due and payable to CCM as follows: (i) up to $100,000 became due to CCM upon informing our Board that it was prepared to render and deliver the fairness opinion; and (ii) the balance of the Fairness Opinion Fee is due upon the earlier of the closing of the proposed Initial Business Combination or the termination of the merger agreement entered into by us with respect to the proposed Initial Business Combination. We have also agreed to reimburse CCM’s reasonable expenses up to an aggregate amount of $125,000 and to indemnify CCM against liabilities arising out of or in connection with the services rendered and to be rendered by CCM under its engagement with us. Critical Accounting Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Making estimates requires Management to exercise significant judgement. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the condensed financial statements, which Management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, actual results could materially differ from those estimates. As of September 30, 2025, we did not have any critical accounting estimates to be disclosed. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” The amendments in this ASU require disclosures, on an annual and interim basis, of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), as well as the aggregate amount of other segment items included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The ASU requires that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Public entities will be required to provide all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, and entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this ASU and existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We have adopted ASU 2023-07 on October 3, 2024, the date of our incorporation. -65- Table of Contents Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on our condensed financial statements. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information otherwise required under this item. -66- Table of Contents