TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC 10-K

ITEM 8. Financial statements and supplementary data List of financial statements: • Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025. • Comprehensive income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025. • Balance sheets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024. • Cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025. • Stockholders’ equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025. • Reports of independent registered public accounting firm (PCAOB ID: 42 ). Schedules have been omitted because the required information is not present or not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule or because the information required is included in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto. 26 Consolidated Statements of Income For Years Ended December 31, (In millions, except per-share amounts) 2025 2024 2023 Revenue $ 17,682 $ 15,641 $ 17,519 Cost of revenue (COR) 7,599 6,547 6,500 Gross profit 10,083 9,094 11,019 Research and development (R&D) 2,083 1,959 1,863 Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) 1,860 1,794 1,825 Restructuring charges/other 117 ( 124 ) — Operating profit 6,023 5,465 7,331 Other income (expense), net (OI&E) 230 496 440 Interest and debt expense 543 508 353 Income before income taxes 5,710 5,453 7,418 Provision for income taxes 709 654 908 Net income $ 5,001 $ 4,799 $ 6,510 Earnings per common share (EPS): Basic $ 5.47 $ 5.24 $ 7.13 Diluted $ 5.45 $ 5.20 $ 7.07 Average shares outstanding: Basic 909 912 908 Diluted 913 919 916 A portion of net income is allocated to unvested restricted stock units (RSUs) on which we pay dividend equivalents. Diluted EPS is calculated using the following: Net income $ 5,001 $ 4,799 $ 6,510 Income allocated to RSUs ( 28 ) ( 24 ) ( 33 ) Income allocated to common stock for diluted EPS $ 4,973 $ 4,775 $ 6,477 See accompanying notes. 27 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income For Years Ended December 31, (In millions) 2025 2024 2023 Net income $ 5,001 $ 4,799 $ 6,510 Changes in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax Net actuarial losses of defined benefit plans: Adjustments 59 53 27 Recognized within net income 14 10 15 Prior service cost (credit) of defined benefit plans: Adjustments ( 18 ) — — Recognized within net income 1 1 1 Available-for-sale investments and other: Adjustments ( 1 ) 1 6 Other comprehensive income (loss) 55 65 49 Total comprehensive income $ 5,056 $ 4,864 $ 6,559 See accompanying notes. 28 Consolidated Balance Sheets December 31, (In millions, except par value) 2025 2024 Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,225 $ 3,200 Short-term investments 1,656 4,380 Accounts receivable, net of allowances of ($ 22 ) and ($ 21 ) 1,963 1,719 Raw materials 465 395 Work in process 2,372 2,214 Finished goods 1,967 1,918 Inventories 4,804 4,527 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 2,102 1,200 Total current assets 13,750 15,026 Property, plant and equipment at cost 17,682 15,254 Accumulated depreciation ( 5,362 ) ( 3,907 ) Property, plant and equipment 12,320 11,347 Goodwill 4,330 4,362 Deferred tax assets 967 936 Capitalized software licenses 238 257 Overfunded retirement plans 324 233 Other long-term assets 2,656 3,348 Total assets $ 34,585 $ 35,509 Liabilities and stockholders’ equity Current liabilities: Current portion of long-term debt $ 500 $ 750 Accounts payable 756 820 Accrued compensation 829 839 Income taxes payable 67 159 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 1,007 1,075 Total current liabilities 3,159 3,643 Long-term debt 13,548 12,846 Underfunded retirement plans 124 110 Deferred tax liabilities 66 53 Other long-term liabilities 1,415 1,954 Total liabilities 18,312 18,606 Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $ 25 par value. Shares authorized – 10 ; none issued — — Common stock, $ 1 par value. Shares authorized – 2,400 ; shares issued – 1,741 1,741 1,741 Paid-in capital 4,511 3,935 Retained earnings 52,236 52,262 Treasury common stock at cost Shares: 2025 – 834 ; 2024 – 830 ( 42,130 ) ( 40,895 ) Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes (AOCI) ( 85 ) ( 140 ) Total stockholders’ equity 16,273 16,903 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 34,585 $ 35,509 See accompanying notes. 29 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For Years Ended December 31, (In millions) 2025 2024 2023 Cash flows from operating activities Net income $ 5,001 $ 4,799 $ 6,510 Adjustments to net income: Depreciation 1,918 1,508 1,175 Amortization of capitalized software 81 72 63 Stock compensation 419 387 362 (Gains) losses on sales of assets 2 ( 127 ) — Deferred taxes ( 19 ) ( 210 ) ( 299 ) Increase (decrease) from changes in: Accounts receivable ( 244 ) 68 108 Inventories ( 277 ) ( 528 ) ( 1,242 ) Prepaid expenses and other current assets 10 7 46 Accounts payable and accrued expenses 77 125 ( 33 ) Accrued compensation ( 28 ) ( 12 ) 29 Income taxes payable 191 597 ( 7 ) Changes in funded status of retirement plans ( 7 ) 33 45 Other 29 ( 401 ) ( 337 ) Cash flows from operating activities 7,153 6,318 6,420 Cash flows from investing activities Capital expenditures ( 4,550 ) ( 4,820 ) ( 5,071 ) Proceeds from U.S. CHIPS and Science Act (CHIPS Act) incentives 335 — — Proceeds from asset sales 1 195 3 Purchases of short-term investments ( 3,524 ) ( 9,716 ) ( 12,705 ) Proceeds from short-term investments 6,308 11,187 13,387 Other ( 9 ) ( 48 ) 24 Cash flows from investing activities ( 1,439 ) ( 3,202 ) ( 4,362 ) Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt 1,199 2,980 3,000 Repayment of debt ( 750 ) ( 600 ) ( 500 ) Dividends paid ( 4,999 ) ( 4,795 ) ( 4,557 ) Stock repurchases ( 1,477 ) ( 929 ) ( 293 ) Proceeds from common stock transactions 400 517 263 Other ( 62 ) ( 53 ) ( 57 ) Cash flows from financing activities ( 5,689 ) ( 2,880 ) ( 2,144 ) Net change in cash and cash equivalents 25 236 ( 86 ) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 3,200 2,964 3,050 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 3,225 $ 3,200 $ 2,964 Supplemental cash flow information Investment tax credit (ITC) used to reduce income taxes payable $ 335 $ 588 $ — Proceeds from CHIPS Act incentives 335 — — Total cash benefit related to the CHIPS Act $ 670 $ 588 $ — See accompanying notes. 30 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity Common Stock Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Treasury Common Stock AOCI (In millions, except per-share amounts) Balance, December 31, 2022 $ 1,741 $ 2,951 $ 50,353 $ ( 40,214 ) $ ( 254 ) 2023 Net income — — 6,510 — — Dividends declared and paid ($ 5.02 per share) — — ( 4,557 ) — — Common stock issued for stock-based awards — 50 — 213 — Stock repurchases — — — ( 283 ) — Stock compensation — 362 — — — Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes — — — — 49 Dividend equivalents on RSUs — — ( 23 ) — — Other — ( 1 ) — — — Balance, December 31, 2023 1,741 3,362 52,283 ( 40,284 ) ( 205 ) 2024 Net income — — 4,799 — — Dividends declared and paid ($ 5.26 per share) — — ( 4,795 ) — — Common stock issued for stock-based awards — 188 — 329 — Stock repurchases — — — ( 940 ) — Stock compensation — 387 — — — Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes — — — — 65 Dividend equivalents on RSUs — — ( 25 ) — — Other — ( 2 ) — — — Balance, December 31, 2024 1,741 3,935 52,262 ( 40,895 ) ( 140 ) 2025 Net income — — 5,001 — — Dividends declared and paid ($ 5.50 per share) — — ( 4,999 ) — — Common stock issued for stock-based awards — 161 — 239 — Stock repurchases — — — ( 1,474 ) — Stock compensation — 419 — — — Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes — — — — 55 Dividend equivalents on RSUs — — ( 28 ) — — Other — ( 4 ) — — — Balance, December 31, 2025 $ 1,741 $ 4,511 $ 52,236 $ ( 42,130 ) $ ( 85 ) See accompanying notes. 31 Notes to financial statements 1. Description of business, including segment and geographic area information We design and manufacture semiconductors that we sell to electronics designers and manufacturers all over the world. We have two reportable segments, Analog and Embedded Processing, each of which represents groups of products that have similar design and development requirements, product characteristics and manufacturing processes. Our segments reflect how our chief operating decision maker (CODM), which is our chief executive officer, allocates resources and measures results. • Analog semiconductors change real-world signals, such as sound, temperature, pressure or light, by conditioning them, amplifying them and often converting them to a stream of digital data that can be processed by other semiconductors, such as embedded processors. Analog semiconductors are also used to manage power in all electronic equipment by converting, distributing, storing, discharging, isolating and measuring electrical energy, whether the equipment is plugged into a wall or using a battery. Our Analog segment consists of two major product lines: Power and Signal Chain. • Embedded Processing products are the digital “brains” of many types of electronic equipment. They are designed to handle specific tasks and can be optimized for various combinations of performance, power and cost, depending on the application. We report the results of our remaining business activities in Other. Other includes operating segments that do not meet the quantitative thresholds for individually reportable segments and cannot be aggregated with other operating segments. Other includes DLP ® products, calculators and custom ASIC products. In Other, we also include items that are not used in evaluating the results of or in allocating resources to our segments. Examples of these items include acquisition, integration and restructuring charges (see Note 11); and certain corporate-level items, such as litigation expenses, environmental costs, insurance settlements, and gains and losses from other activities, including asset dispositions. We allocate the remainder of our expenses associated with corporate activities to our operating segments based on specific methodologies, such as percentage of operating expenses or headcount. Costs incurred by our centralized manufacturing and support organizations, including depreciation, are charged to the operating segments, including those in Other, on a per-unit basis. Consequently, depreciation expense is not an independently identifiable component within the segments’ results and, therefore, is not provided. With the exception of goodwill, we do not identify or allocate assets by operating segment, nor does the CODM evaluate operating segments using discrete asset information. We have no material intersegment revenue. The accounting policies of the segments are consistent with those described in the significant accounting policies and practices. The CODM assesses the performance of our segments and decides how to allocate resources based on each segment’s revenue growth, gross margin and operating profit. The CODM utilizes these metrics by comparing budget versus actual results as well as benchmarking to our competitors. Segment information For Year Ended December 31, 2025 Analog Embedded Processing Other Total Revenue $ 14,006 $ 2,697 $ 979 $ 17,682 Cost of revenue 5,764 1,471 364 7,599 Gross profit 8,242 1,226 615 10,083 Research and development 1,494 514 75 2,083 Selling, general and administrative 1,336 408 116 1,860 Restructuring charges/other — — 117 117 Operating profit $ 5,412 $ 304 $ 307 $ 6,023 32 For Year Ended December 31, 2024 Analog Embedded Processing Other Total Revenue $ 12,161 $ 2,533 $ 947 $ 15,641 Cost of revenue 4,869 1,315 363 6,547 Gross profit 7,292 1,218 584 9,094 Research and development 1,411 475 73 1,959 Selling, general and administrative 1,273 391 130 1,794 Restructuring charges/other — — ( 124 ) ( 124 ) Operating profit $ 4,608 $ 352 $ 505 $ 5,465 For Year Ended December 31, 2023 Analog Embedded Processing Other Total Revenue $ 13,040 $ 3,368 $ 1,111 $ 17,519 Cost of revenue 4,615 1,493 392 6,500 Gross profit 8,425 1,875 719 11,019 Research and development 1,317 457 89 1,863 Selling, general and administrative 1,287 410 128 1,825 Restructuring charges/other — — — — Operating profit $ 5,821 $ 1,008 $ 502 $ 7,331 Geographic area information Our estimate for revenue based on the geographic location of our end customers’ headquarters, which represents where critical decisions are made, is as follows: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Revenue: United States $ 6,763 38 % $ 5,957 38 % $ 5,814 33 % China 3,781 21 3,012 19 3,293 19 Rest of Asia 1,887 11 1,681 11 1,721 10 Europe, Middle East and Africa (a) 3,747 21 3,519 22 4,642 26 Japan 1,173 7 1,212 8 1,782 10 Rest of world 331 2 260 2 267 2 Total revenue $ 17,682 100 % $ 15,641 100 % $ 17,519 100 % (a) Revenue from end customers headquartered in Germany was 10 %, 11 % and 13 % of total revenue in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 33 Property, plant and equipment by geographic area, based on physical location: December 31, 2025 2024 Property, plant and equipment: United States $ 8,764 $ 8,342 China 674 737 Rest of Asia (a) 2,450 1,877 Europe, Middle East and Africa 71 74 Japan 327 274 Rest of world 34 43 Total property, plant and equipment $ 12,320 $ 11,347 (a) Property, plant and equipment at our sites in Malaysia was $ 1.40 billion and $ 931 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Major customer One of our end customers accounted for 12 % of revenue in both 2025 and 2024, recognized primarily in our Analog segment. No end customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue in 2023. 2. Basis of presentation and significant accounting policies and practices Basis of presentation The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP). The basis of these financial statements is comparable for all periods presented herein. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. All dollar and share amounts in the financial statements and tables in these notes, except per-share amounts, are presented in millions unless otherwise indicated. We have reclassified certain amounts in the prior periods’ financial statements to conform to the 2025 presentation. The preparation of financial statements requires the use of estimates from which final results may vary. Significant accounting policies and practices Revenue recognition We generate revenue primarily from the sale of semiconductor products, either directly to a customer or to a distributor, and recognize revenue when control is transferred. Control is considered transferred when title and risk of loss pass, when the customer becomes obligated to pay and, where required, when the customer has accepted the products. This transfer generally occurs at a point in time upon shipment or delivery to the customer or distributor, depending upon the terms of the sales order. Payment for sales to customers and distributors is generally due on our standard commercial terms. For sales to distributors, payment is not contingent upon resale of the products. Revenue from sales of our products that are subject to inventory consignment agreements is recognized at a point in time, when the customer or distributor pulls product from consignment inventory that we store at designated locations. Delivery and transfer of control occur at that point, when title and risk of loss transfers and the customer or distributor becomes obligated to pay for the products pulled from inventory. Until the products are pulled for use or sale by the customer or distributor, we retain control over the products’ disposition, including the right to pull back or relocate the products. 34 The revenue recognized is adjusted based on allowances, which are prepared on a portfolio basis using a most likely amount methodology based on analysis of historical data and contractual terms. These allowances, which are not material, generally include adjustments for pricing arrangements, product returns and incentives. We recognize shipping fees received from customers, if any, in revenue. We include the related shipping and handling costs in cost of revenue. The majority of our customers pay these fees directly to third parties. Advertising costs We expense advertising and other promotional costs as incurred. This expense was $ 29 million, $ 30 million and $ 28 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Income taxes We account for income taxes using an asset and liability approach. We record the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and the deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences related to events that have been recognized in the financial statements or tax returns. We record a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Other assessed taxes Some transactions require us to collect taxes such as sales, value-added and excise taxes from our customers. These transactions are presented in our Consolidated Statements of Income on a net (excluded from revenue) basis. Leases We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases are included in other long-term assets, accrued expenses and other liabilities, and other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Lease assets represent our right to use underlying assets for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent our obligations to make lease payments over the lease term. On the commencement date, leases are evaluated for classification, and assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement in determining the present value of lease payments. Operating lease expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our lease values include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise such options. We have agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component. Leases with an initial lease term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Earnings per share (EPS) We use the two-class method for calculating EPS because the restricted stock units (RSUs) we grant are participating securities containing nonforfeitable rights to receive dividend equivalents. Under the two-class method, a portion of net income is allocated to RSUs and excluded from the calculation of income allocated to common stock. 35 Computation and reconciliation of earnings per common share are as follows: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Net Income Shares EPS Net Income Shares EPS Net Income Shares EPS Basic EPS: Net income $ 5,001 $ 4,799 $ 6,510 Income allocated to RSUs ( 28 ) ( 24 ) ( 34 ) Income allocated to common stock $ 4,973 909 $ 5.47 $ 4,775 912 $ 5.24 $ 6,476 908 $ 7.13 Dilutive effect of stock compensation plans 4 7 8 Diluted EPS: Net income $ 5,001 $ 4,799 $ 6,510 Income allocated to RSUs ( 28 ) ( 24 ) ( 33 ) Income allocated to common stock $ 4,973 913 $ 5.45 $ 4,775 919 $ 5.20 $ 6,477 916 $ 7.07 Potentially dilutive securities representing 10 million, 8 million and 10 million shares of common stock that were outstanding in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common share during these periods because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Investments We present investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as cash equivalents, short-term investments or other long-term assets. See Note 6 for additional information. • Cash equivalents and short-term investments – The primary objectives of our cash equivalent and short-term investment activities are to preserve capital and maintain liquidity while generating appropriate returns. We consider investments in available-for-sale debt securities with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of our investment to be cash equivalents. We consider investments in available-for-sale debt securities with maturities beyond 90 days from the date of our investment as being available for use in current operations and include them in short-term investments. • Other long-term assets – Long-term investments, which are included within other long-term assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, consist of mutual funds, venture capital funds and nonmarketable securities. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. Cost is generally computed on a currently adjusted standard cost basis, which approximates cost on a first-in, first-out basis. Standard cost is based on the normal utilization of installed factory capacity. Cost associated with underutilization of capacity is expensed as incurred. Inventory held at consignment locations is included in our finished goods inventory. We review inventory quarterly for salability and obsolescence. A statistical allowance is provided for inventory considered unlikely to be sold. The statistical allowance is based on an analysis of historical disposal activity and age of inventory. A specific allowance for each material type will be carried if there is a significant event not captured by the statistical allowance. We write off inventory in the period in which disposal occurs. Government incentives Incentives provided by government entities are recognized when we have reasonable assurance that we will comply with the conditions of the incentive, if any, and the incentive will be received. Incentives, which include non-income tax incentives, related to the acquisition or construction of fixed assets are recognized as a reduction in the carrying amounts of the related assets and reduce depreciation expense over the useful lives of the assets. Incentives for specific operating activities are offset against the related expense in the period the expense is incurred. 36 The U.S. CHIPS and Science Act (CHIPS Act) provides funding for manufacturing grants and research investments, and it established an investment tax credit (ITC) for certain investments in U.S. semiconductor manufacturing. The enactment of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) in 2025 increased the ITC from 25% to 35% for qualifying manufacturing investments placed in service after December 31, 2025. Additionally, we have entered into an agreement with the U.S. Department of Commerce to receive direct funding of up to $ 1.6 billion for our three large-scale 300mm wafer fabs located in Sherman, Texas, and Lehi, Utah. Direct funding of the award is based on the achievement of certain milestones. The agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants that relate to compliance with requirements for awards provided for in the CHIPS Act. The agreement also includes certain events of default and related rights and remedies, including clawbacks. As of December 31, 2025, we have recognized $ 3.35 billion of CHIPS Act receivables, which are comprised of $ 1.71 billion in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $ 1.64 billion in other long-term assets . We have also recognized deferred income of $ 95 million in other long-term liabilities for eligible expenditures that have not yet been incurred. See Note 11 for additional information. In 2025, the total cash benefit related to CHIPS Act incentives was $ 670 million, which included $ 335 million used to reduce our income taxes payable and $ 335 million of cash proceeds received. The CHIPS Act incentives have reduced the carrying amounts of manufacturing assets by $ 4.51 billion, of which $ 1.37 billion was recognized in 2025. Cost of revenue benefited by $ 353 million, $ 159 million and $ 45 million from the CHIPS Act incentives, recognized as a reduction of depreciation expense in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Property, plant and equipment and other capitalized costs Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Our cost basis includes certain assets acquired in business combinations that were initially recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. Capitalized software licenses are generally amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the license. Fully depreciated or amortized assets are written off against accumulated depreciation or amortization. Impairments of long-lived assets We regularly review whether facts or circumstances exist that indicate the carrying values of property, plant and equipment or other long-lived assets, including intangible assets, are impaired. We assess the recoverability of assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with those assets to their respective carrying amounts. Any impairment charge is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Fair value is determined by available market valuations, if applicable, or by discounted cash flows. Goodwill Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if certain impairment indicators arise. We perform a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, including goodwill. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, or if we elect not to use a qualitative assessment, then we perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. See Note 11 for additional information. Foreign currency The functional currency for our non-U.S. subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Accounts recorded in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are remeasured into the functional currency. Current assets (except inventories), deferred taxes, current liabilities and long-term liabilities are remeasured at exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period. Property, plant and equipment with associated depreciation and inventories are valued at historical exchange rates. Revenue and expense accounts other than depreciation for each month are calculated at the appropriate daily rate of exchange. Currency exchange gains and losses from remeasurement are credited or charged to OI&E. Derivatives and hedging We use derivative financial instruments to manage exposure to foreign exchange risk. These instruments are primarily forward foreign currency exchange contracts, which are used as economic hedges to reduce the earnings impact that exchange rate fluctuations may have on our non-U.S. dollar net balance sheet exposures. Gains and losses from changes in the fair value of these forward foreign currency exchange contracts are credited or charged to OI&E. We do not apply hedge accounting to our foreign currency derivative instruments. 37 We are exposed to variability in compensation charges related to certain deferred compensation obligations to employees. We use total return swaps to economically hedge this exposure and offset the related compensation expense, recognizing changes in the fair value of the swaps and the related deferred compensation liabilities in SG&A. In connection with the issuance of long-term debt, we may use financial derivatives such as treasury-rate lock agreements that are recognized in AOCI and amortized over the life of the related debt. The results of these derivative transactions were not material. We do not use derivatives for speculative or trading purposes. Changes in accounting standards – adopted standards for current period We adopted the following Accounting Standards Updates (ASU) during the current period: ASU Description Adopted for Year Ended ASU No. 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures December 31, 2025 Changes in accounting standards – standards not yet adopted We are currently evaluating the potential impact of the following ASUs on our financial statements and related disclosures. We plan to adopt these ASUs as of their effective dates. ASU Description Effective for Period Ending ASU No. 2024-03 Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses December 31, 2027 ASU No. 2025-06 Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software March 31, 2028 ASU No. 2025-10 Government Grants (Topic 832): Accounting for Government Grants Received by Business Entities March 31, 2029 3. Stock compensation We have stock options outstanding to participants under long-term incentive plans. The option price per share may not be less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of the grant. The options have a 10 -year term and generally vest ratably over four years . Options continue to vest after the recipient retires. We also have RSUs outstanding to participants under long-term incentive plans. Each RSU represents the right to receive one share of TI common stock, issued on the vesting date, which is generally four years after the date of grant. RSUs continue to vest after the recipient retires. Holders of RSUs receive an annual cash payment equivalent to the dividends paid on our common stock. The fair value per share of RSUs is determined based on the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. We have options and RSUs outstanding to non-employee directors under director compensation plans. The plans generally provide for annual grants of stock options and RSUs, a one-time grant of RSUs to each new non-employee director and the issuance of TI common stock upon the distribution of stock units credited to director deferred compensation accounts. We also have an employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) under which options are offered to all eligible employees in amounts based on a percentage of the employee’s compensation, subject to a cap. Under the plan, the option price per share is 85 % of the fair market value on the exercise date. As of December 31, 2025, 30 million shares remain available for future issuance under this plan. 38 Total stock compensation expense recognized is as follows: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 COR $ 53 $ 52 $ 44 R&D 145 132 119 SG&A 221 203 199 Total $ 419 $ 387 $ 362 These amounts include expenses related to stock options, RSUs and options offered under our ESPP and are net of estimated forfeitures. We recognize compensation expense for stock options and RSUs on a straight-line basis over the minimum service period required for vesting of the award, adjusting for estimated forfeitures based on historical activity. Awards issued to employees who are retirement eligible or nearing retirement eligibility are expensed on an accelerated basis. Options issued under our ESPP are expensed over a three-month period. As of December 31, 2025, total future compensation related to equity awards not yet recognized in our Consolidated Statements of Income was $ 494 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 1.7 years. Fair value methods and assumptions We account for all awards granted under our various stock compensation plans at fair value. We estimate the fair values for stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Weighted average grant date fair value, per share $ 44.97 $ 37.58 $ 46.23 Weighted average assumptions used: Expected volatility 27 % 27 % 31 % Expected lives (in years) 5.6 5.6 6.1 Risk-free interest rates 4.34 % 4.04 % 3.60 % Expected dividend yields 2.92 % 3.11 % 2.86 % We use market-based measures of implied volatility to determine expected volatility. We determine expected lives of options based on historical option exercises using a rolling 10-year average. Expected dividend yields are based on the annualized approved quarterly dividend rate and the current market price of our common stock at the time of grant. No assumption for a future dividend rate change is included unless there is an approved plan to change the dividend in the near term. 39 Long-term incentive and director compensation plans Stock option and RSU transactions under our long-term incentive and director compensation plans are as follows: Stock Options RSUs Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share Shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share Outstanding grants, December 31, 2024 25 $ 136.87 6 $ 168.68 Granted 4 $ 186.55 1 $ 185.44 Stock options exercised/RSUs vested ( 4 ) $ 91.90 ( 1 ) $ 172.33 Outstanding grants, December 31, 2025 (a) 25 $ 151.34 6 $ 171.83 (a) Forfeited and expired shares were not material. For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Weighted average grant date fair value per share for RSUs $ 185.44 $ 173.59 $ 172.59 Total grant date fair value of shares vested for RSUs $ 126 $ 113 $ 106 Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised $ 382 $ 597 $ 319 As of December 31, 2025, 30 million shares remain available for future issuance under these plans. Summarized information about stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2025, is as follows: Exercise Price Range Number Outstanding (Shares) Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) $ 52.93 to $ 206.61 25 5.8 Options Fully Vested and Expected to Vest (a) Options Exercisable Stock options outstanding (shares) 24 15 Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years) 5.8 4.2 Weighted average exercise price per share $ 150.97 $ 133.57 Intrinsic value (millions) $ 610 $ 589 (a) Includes effects of expected forfeitures. Excluding the effects of expected forfeitures, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding was $ 611 million. Effect on shares outstanding and treasury shares Treasury shares were acquired in connection with the board-authorized stock repurchase program. As of December 31, 2025, $ 18.79 billion of stock repurchase authorizations remain, and no expiration date has been specified. 40 Our practice is to issue shares of common stock from treasury shares upon exercise of stock options, distribution of director deferred compensation and vesting of RSUs. The following table reflects the changes in our treasury shares: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Balance, January 1 830 832 835 Repurchases 8 5 2 Shares issued ( 4 ) ( 7 ) ( 5 ) Balance, December 31 834 830 832 The effects on cash flows are as follows: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Proceeds from common stock transactions (a) $ 400 $ 517 $ 263 Tax benefit realized from stock compensation $ 113 $ 158 $ 104 (a) Net of taxes paid for employee shares withheld of $ 34 million, $ 39 million and $ 46 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 4. Income taxes Income before income taxes is comprised of the following components: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 U.S. $ 4,503 $ 4,438 $ 6,445 Non-U.S. 1,207 1,015 973 Total $ 5,710 $ 5,453 $ 7,418 Provision for income taxes is comprised of the following components: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Current Deferred Total Current Deferred Total Current Deferred Total U.S. federal $ 466 $ 102 $ 568 $ 605 $ ( 139 ) $ 466 $ 943 $ ( 277 ) $ 666 Non-U.S. 259 ( 121 ) 138 244 ( 71 ) 173 240 ( 22 ) 218 U.S. state 3 — 3 15 — 15 24 — 24 Total $ 728 $ ( 19 ) $ 709 $ 864 $ ( 210 ) $ 654 $ 1,207 $ ( 299 ) $ 908 41 Applying the updated requirements in ASU 2023-09 on a prospective basis, the principal reconciling items from the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the effective tax rate (provision for income taxes as a percentage of income before income taxes) are as follows: For Year Ended December 31, 2025 U.S. statutory income tax rate $ 1,199 21.0 % Foreign tax effects: Malaysia: Tax incentives ( 127 ) ( 2.2 ) Other foreign jurisdictions 16 0.3 Effect of cross-border tax laws: Foreign derived intangible income ( 231 ) ( 4.0 ) Other ( 30 ) ( 0.6 ) Tax credits: R&D tax credit ( 79 ) ( 1.4 ) Nontaxable or nondeductible items: Stock compensation ( 66 ) ( 1.1 ) Other 9 0.1 Other adjustments 18 0.3 Effective tax rate $ 709 12.4 % For the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-09, the principal reconciling items from the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the effective tax rate are as follows: For Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 U.S. statutory income tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % Foreign derived intangible income ( 6.1 ) ( 6.8 ) Stock compensation ( 2.1 ) ( 1.0 ) R&D tax credit ( 2.0 ) ( 1.3 ) Changes in uncertain tax positions 0.1 — Other 1.1 0.3 Effective tax rate 12.0 % 12.2 % The earnings represented by non-cash operating assets, such as fixed assets and inventory, will continue to be permanently reinvested outside the United States. Under current law, earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries repatriated to the U.S. are not taxable. Consequently, no U.S. tax provision has been made for the future remittance of these earnings. However, withholding or distribution taxes in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions will be incurred upon repatriation of available cash to the United States. A provision has been made for deferred taxes on these undistributed earnings to the extent that repatriation of the available cash to the United States is expected to result in a tax liability. As of December 31, 2025, determination of any remaining unrecognized deferred taxes related to undistributed earnings is not practicable. We have made an allowable policy election to account for the effects of GILTI as a component of income tax expense in the period in which the tax is incurred. 42 The primary components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2025 2024 Deferred tax assets: Capitalized R&D $ 1,019 $ 1,076 Accrued expenses 315 297 Deferred loss and tax credit carryforwards 230 216 Stock compensation 226 186 Inventories 112 105 Other 31 40 Total deferred tax assets, before valuation allowance 1,933 1,920 Valuation allowance ( 230 ) ( 212 ) Total deferred tax assets, after valuation allowance 1,703 1,708 Deferred tax liabilities: Property, plant and equipment ( 443 ) ( 441 ) CHIPS Act incentives ( 299 ) ( 336 ) International earnings ( 35 ) ( 33 ) Other ( 25 ) ( 15 ) Total deferred tax liabilities ( 802 ) ( 825 ) Net deferred tax asset $ 901 $ 883 The deferred tax assets and liabilities based on tax jurisdictions are presented on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows: December 31, 2025 2024 Deferred tax assets $ 967 $ 936 Deferred tax liabilities ( 66 ) ( 53 ) Net deferred tax asset $ 901 $ 883 We make an ongoing assessment regarding the realization of U.S. and non-U.S. deferred tax assets. This assessment is based on our evaluation of relevant criteria, including the existence of deferred tax liabilities that can be used to absorb deferred tax assets, taxable income in prior carryback years and expectations for future taxable income. Valuation allowances increased $ 18 million, $ 14 million and $ 9 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These changes had no impact to net income in 2025, 2024 or 2023. As of December 31, 2025, tax loss carryforwards were not material. 43 Applying the updated requirements in ASU 2023-09 on a prospective basis, cash payments made for income taxes, net of refunds, are as follows: For Year Ended December 31, 2025 U.S. federal taxes $ 253 U.S. state taxes 6 Foreign taxes: Taiwan 72 Germany 51 Other foreign jurisdictions 174 Total cash taxes paid 556 ITC proceeds from CHIPS Act incentives ( 260 ) Total cash taxes paid, net of refunds $ 296 Total cash taxes paid, net of refunds $ 296 ITC used to reduce income taxes payable 335 ITC proceeds from CHIPS Act incentives 260 Total cash taxes paid without CHIPS Act incentives $ 891 Cash payments made for income taxes, net of refunds, were $ 451 million and $ 1.35 billion in 2024 and 2023, respectively. In 2024, the total cash benefit related to the CHIPS Act ITC was $ 588 million, which was used to reduce our income taxes payable. Uncertain tax positions We operate in a number of tax jurisdictions, and our income tax returns are subject to examination by tax authorities in those jurisdictions who may challenge any item on these tax returns. Because the matters challenged by authorities are typically complex, their ultimate outcome is uncertain. Before any benefit can be recorded in our financial statements, we must determine that it is “more likely than not” that a tax position will be sustained by the appropriate tax authorities. We recognize accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions and penalties as components of OI&E. The changes in the total amounts of uncertain tax positions are as follows: 2025 2024 2023 Balance, January 1 $ 85 $ 82 $ 82 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 2 3 3 Additions for tax positions of prior years — — — Reductions for tax positions of prior years — — ( 3 ) Balance, December 31 $ 87 $ 85 $ 82 Interest income (expense) recognized in the year ended December 31 $ 9 $ ( 5 ) $ ( 9 ) Interest payable as of December 31 $ 22 $ 15 $ 10 The liability for uncertain tax positions is a component of other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. All of the $ 87 million and $ 85 million liabilities for uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are comprised of positions that, if recognized, would lower the effective tax rate. If these liabilities are ultimately realized, no existing deferred tax assets in 2025 or 2024 would also be realized. 44 As of December 31, 2025, the statute of limitations remains open for U.S. federal tax returns for 2018 and following years. Certain tax treaty procedures for relief from double taxation remain pending for U.S. federal tax returns for the years 2018 through 2022. In non-U.S. jurisdictions, the years open to audit represent the years still open under the statute of limitations. With respect to major jurisdictions outside the United States, our subsidiaries are no longer subject to income tax audits for years before 2016. 5. Financial instruments and risk concentration Financial instruments We hold derivative financial instruments such as forward foreign currency exchange contracts, the fair value of which was not material as of December 31, 2025. Our forward foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding as of December 31, 2025, had a notional value of $ 675 million to hedge our non-U.S. dollar net balance sheet exposures, including $ 174 million to sell Malaysian ringgit, $ 169 million to buy Indian rupee and $ 107 million to sell British pounds. Our investments in cash equivalents, short-term investments and certain long-term investments, as well as our deferred compensation liabilities, are carried at fair value. Our postretirement plan assets are carried at fair value or net asset value per share. The carrying values for other current financial assets and liabilities, such as accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to the short maturity of such instruments. As of December 31, 2025, the carrying value of long-term debt, including the current portion, was $ 14.05 billion, and the estimated fair value was $ 13.24 billion. The estimated fair value is measured using broker-dealer quotes, which are Level 2 inputs. See Note 6 for a description of fair value and the definition of Level 2 inputs. Risk concentration We are subject to counterparty risks from financial institutions, customers and issuers of debt securities. Financial instruments that could subject us to concentrations of credit risk are primarily cash deposits, cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. To manage our credit risk exposure, we place cash investments in investment-grade debt securities and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. We also limit counterparties on cash deposits and financial derivative contracts to financial institutions with investment-grade ratings. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to our large number of customers and their dispersion across different industries and geographic areas. We maintain allowances for expected returns, disputes, adjustments, incentives and credit losses. These allowances are deducted from accounts receivable on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accounts receivable allowances changed to reflect amounts charged to operating results by $ 1 million, $ 5 million and $ 3 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 6. Valuation of debt and equity investments and certain liabilities Investments measured at fair value Money market funds, debt investments and mutual funds are stated at fair value, which is generally based on market prices or broker quotes. We classify all debt investments as available-for-sale. See Fair-value considerations. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as an increase or decrease, net of taxes, in AOCI on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and any credit losses are recorded as an allowance for credit losses with an offset recognized in OI&E in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Our mutual funds hold a variety of debt and equity investments intended to generate returns that offset changes in certain deferred compensation liabilities. We record changes in the fair value of these mutual funds and the related deferred compensation liabilities in SG&A. 45 Other investments Our other investments include equity-method investments and nonmarketable investments, which are not measured at fair value. These investments consist of interests in venture capital funds and other nonmarketable securities. Gains and losses from equity-method investments are recognized in OI&E based on our ownership share of the investee’s financial results. Nonmarketable securities are measured at cost with adjustments for observable changes in price or impairments. Gains and losses on nonmarketable investments are recognized in OI&E. Details of our investments are as follows: December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Cash and Cash Equivalents Short-Term Investments Long-Term Investments Cash and Cash Equivalents Short-Term Investments Long-Term Investments Measured at fair value: Money market funds $ 844 $ — $ — $ 762 $ — $ — Corporate obligations 517 522 — 694 796 — U.S. government and agency securities 1,296 1,035 — 752 3,485 — Non-U.S. government and agency securities 184 99 — 249 99 — Mutual funds — — 11 — — 11 Total 2,841 1,656 11 2,457 4,380 11 Other investments — — 5 — — 12 Cash on hand 384 — — 743 — — Total $ 3,225 $ 1,656 $ 16 $ 3,200 $ 4,380 $ 23 As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, unrealized gains and losses associated with our debt investments were not material. We did no t recognize any credit losses related to debt investments in 2025, 2024 or 2023. The following table presents the aggregate maturities of our debt investments as of December 31, 2025: Fair Value One year or less $ 3,232 One to two years 421 In 2025, 2024 and 2023, the proceeds from sales, redemptions and maturities of short-term debt investments were $ 6.31 billion, $ 11.19 billion and $ 13.39 billion, respectively. Gross realized gains and losses from these sales were not material. Fair-value considerations We measure and report certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The three-level hierarchy described below indicates the inputs used to estimate fair-value measurements. • Level 1 – Uses unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date. • Level 2 – Uses inputs other than Level 1 that are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date through correlation with market data. Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active and models or other pricing methodologies that do not require significant judgment. We utilize a third-party data service to provide Level 2 valuations, and we verify these valuations for reasonableness. 46 • Level 3 – Uses inputs that are unobservable, supported by little or no market activity and reflect the use of significant management judgment. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had no Level 3 assets or liabilities. The following are our assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis. These tables do not include cash on hand, assets held by our postretirement plans, or assets and liabilities that are measured at historical cost or any basis other than fair value. December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Assets: Money market funds $ 844 $ — $ 844 $ 762 $ — $ 762 Corporate obligations — 1,039 1,039 — 1,490 1,490 U.S. government and agency securities 1,932 399 2,331 2,591 1,646 4,237 Non-U.S. government and agency securities — 283 283 — 348 348 Mutual funds 11 — 11 11 — 11 Total assets $ 2,787 $ 1,721 $ 4,508 $ 3,364 $ 3,484 $ 6,848 Liabilities: Deferred compensation $ 492 $ — $ 492 $ 443 $ — $ 443 Total liabilities $ 492 $ — $ 492 $ 443 $ — $ 443 7. Postretirement benefit plans Plan descriptions We have various employee retirement plans, including defined contribution, defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans. For qualifying employees, we offer deferred compensation arrangements. U.S. retirement plans Our principal retirement plans in the United States are a defined contribution plan, an enhanced defined contribution plan and qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans. The defined benefit plans were closed to new participants in 1997. Current participants were allowed to make a one-time election to continue accruing a benefit in the plans or to cease accruing a benefit and instead to participate in the enhanced defined contribution plan. Both defined contribution plans offer an employer-matching savings option that allows employees to make pretax and post-tax contributions to various investment choices. Employees who elected to continue accruing a benefit in the qualified defined benefit pension plans may also participate in the defined contribution plan, where employer-matching contributions are provided for up to 2 % of the employee’s annual eligible earnings. Employees who elected not to continue accruing a benefit in the defined benefit pension plans and employees hired after November 1997 and through December 31, 2003, may participate in the enhanced defined contribution plan. This plan provides for a fixed employer contribution of 2 % of the employee’s annual eligible earnings, plus an employer-matching contribution of up to 4 % of the employee’s annual eligible earnings. Employees hired after December 31, 2003, do not receive the fixed employer contribution of 2 % of the employee’s annual eligible earnings. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, as a result of employees’ elections, TI’s U.S. defined contribution plans held TI common stock totaling 4 million shares and 5 million shares valued at $ 699 million and $ 852 million, respectively. Dividends paid on these shares in 2025 and 2024 were $ 24 million and $ 26 million, respectively. Effective April 1, 2016, the TI common stock fund was frozen to new contributions or transfers into the fund. Our aggregate expense for the U.S. defined contribution plans was $ 74 million, $ 76 million and $ 75 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 47 The defined benefit pension plans include employees still accruing benefits, as well as employees and participants who no longer accrue service-related benefits, but instead, may participate in the enhanced defined contribution plan. Benefits under the qualified defined benefit pension plan are determined using a formula based on years of service and the highest five consecutive years of compensation. We intend to contribute amounts to this plan to meet the minimum funding requirements of applicable local laws and regulations, plus such additional amounts as we deem appropriate. The non-qualified defined benefit plans are unfunded and closed to new participants. U.S. retiree health care benefit plan U.S. employees who meet eligibility requirements are offered medical coverage during retirement. We make a contribution toward the cost of those retiree medical benefits for certain retirees and their dependents. The contribution rates are based upon various factors, the most important of which are an employee’s date of hire, date of retirement, years of service and eligibility for Medicare benefits.The remaining costs are paid by the plan’s participants. Employees hired after January 1, 2001, are responsible for the full cost of their medical benefits during retirement. Non-U.S. retirement plans We provide retirement coverage for non-U.S. employees, as required by local laws or to the extent we deem appropriate, through a number of defined benefit and defined contribution plans. Retirement benefits are generally based on an employee’s years of service and compensation. Funding requirements are determined on an individual country and plan basis and are subject to local country practices and market circumstances. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, as a result of employees’ elections, TI’s non-U.S. defined contribution plans held TI common stock valued at $ 32 million and $ 34 million, respectively. Dividends paid on these shares of TI common stock in 2025 and 2024 were not material. Effects on our Consolidated Statements of Income and Balance Sheets Expenses related to defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans are as follows: U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit 2025 2024 2023 2025 2024 2023 2025 2024 2023 Service cost $ 7 $ 7 $ 8 $ 1 $ 1 $ 2 $ 15 $ 16 $ 16 Interest cost 25 25 28 13 13 15 60 55 57 Expected return on plan assets ( 18 ) ( 23 ) ( 23 ) ( 12 ) ( 16 ) ( 19 ) ( 73 ) ( 77 ) ( 63 ) Amortization of prior service cost (credit) — — — — — — 1 1 1 Recognized net actuarial losses (gains) 8 4 6 ( 1 ) ( 3 ) ( 5 ) 4 11 12 Net periodic benefit costs (credits) 22 13 19 1 ( 5 ) ( 7 ) 7 6 23 Settlement losses (gains) 8 1 7 — — — ( 1 ) — — Total, including other postretirement losses (gains) $ 30 $ 14 $ 26 $ 1 $ ( 5 ) $ ( 7 ) $ 6 $ 6 $ 23 All defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plan expense components other than service cost are recognized in OI&E in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Service cost is recognized within operating profit. For the U.S. qualified pension and retiree health care plans, the expected return on plan assets is based upon a market-related value of assets. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the market-related value of assets is the fair value adjusted by phasing in certain gains and losses over a period of three years . 48 Changes in the benefit obligations and plan assets for defined benefit and retiree health care benefit plans are as follows: U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 Change in plan benefit obligation Benefit obligation at beginning of year: $ 493 $ 505 $ 234 $ 258 $ 1,522 $ 1,732 Service cost 7 7 1 1 15 16 Interest cost 25 25 13 13 60 55 Participant contributions — — 14 13 1 1 Benefits paid ( 14 ) ( 36 ) ( 42 ) ( 39 ) ( 87 ) ( 83 ) Settlements ( 58 ) ( 2 ) — — ( 8 ) ( 6 ) Actuarial loss (gain) 4 ( 6 ) 6 ( 12 ) ( 101 ) ( 106 ) Plan amendments — — — — 23 — Effects of exchange rate changes — — — — 109 ( 87 ) Benefit obligation at end of year $ 457 $ 493 $ 226 $ 234 $ 1,534 $ 1,522 Change in plan assets Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year: $ 400 $ 418 $ 248 $ 264 $ 1,708 $ 1,866 Actual return on plan assets 39 18 21 9 43 27 Employer contributions (qualified plans) 6 — 2 1 2 2 Employer contributions (non-qualified plans) 8 2 — — — — Participant contributions — — 14 13 1 1 Benefits paid ( 14 ) ( 36 ) ( 42 ) ( 39 ) ( 87 ) ( 83 ) Settlements ( 58 ) ( 2 ) — — ( 8 ) ( 6 ) Effects of exchange rate changes — — — — 120 ( 99 ) Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ 381 $ 400 $ 243 $ 248 $ 1,779 $ 1,708 Funded status at end of year $ ( 76 ) $ ( 93 ) $ 17 $ 14 $ 245 $ 186 Changes in actuarial gains and losses in the projected benefit obligations are generally driven by discount rate movement. Amounts recognized on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, are as follows: U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Total 2025 Overfunded retirement plans $ — $ 19 $ 305 $ 324 Accrued expenses and other liabilities & other long-term liabilities ( 5 ) — ( 9 ) ( 14 ) Underfunded retirement plans ( 71 ) ( 2 ) ( 51 ) ( 124 ) Funded status at end of 2025 $ ( 76 ) $ 17 $ 245 $ 186 2024 Overfunded retirement plans $ — $ 16 $ 217 $ 233 Accrued expenses and other liabilities & other long-term liabilities ( 10 ) — ( 6 ) ( 16 ) Underfunded retirement plans ( 83 ) ( 2 ) ( 25 ) ( 110 ) Funded status at end of 2024 $ ( 93 ) $ 14 $ 186 $ 107 Contributions to the plans meet or exceed all minimum funding requirements. We expect to contribute about $ 25 million to our retirement benefit plans in 2026. 49 Accumulated benefit obligations, which are generally less than the projected benefit obligations as they exclude the impact of future salary increases, were $ 440 million and $ 470 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for the U.S. defined benefit plans, and $ 1.47 billion in both periods for the non-U.S. defined benefit plans. The change in AOCI is as follows: U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Total Net Actuarial Loss Prior Service Cost Net Actuarial Gain Net Actuarial Loss Prior Service Cost Net Actuarial Loss Prior Service Cost AOCI balance, net of taxes, December 31, 2024 $ 57 $ — $ ( 26 ) $ 113 $ ( 1 ) $ 144 $ ( 1 ) Changes in AOCI by category: Adjustments ( 17 ) — ( 3 ) ( 59 ) 24 ( 79 ) 24 Recognized within net income ( 16 ) — 1 ( 3 ) ( 1 ) ( 18 ) ( 1 ) Tax effect 7 — 1 16 ( 6 ) 24 ( 6 ) Total change to AOCI ( 26 ) — ( 1 ) ( 46 ) 17 ( 73 ) 17 AOCI balance, net of taxes, December 31, 2025 $ 31 $ — $ ( 27 ) $ 67 $ 16 $ 71 $ 16 Information on plan assets We report and measure the plan assets of our defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans at fair value. The tables below set forth the fair value of our plan assets using the same three-level hierarchy of fair-value inputs described in Note 6. December 31, 2025 Level 1 Level 2 Other (a) Total Assets of U.S. defined benefit plan: Fixed income securities and cash equivalents $ 72 $ 62 $ 96 $ 230 Equity securities — — 151 151 Total $ 72 $ 62 $ 247 $ 381 Assets of U.S. retiree health care plan: Fixed income securities and cash equivalents $ — $ — $ 243 $ 243 Total $ — $ — $ 243 $ 243 Assets of non-U.S. defined benefit plans: Fixed income securities and cash equivalents $ 12 $ 474 $ 885 $ 1,371 Equity securities 30 1 377 408 Total $ 42 $ 475 $ 1,262 $ 1,779 (a) Consists of bond index and equity index funds, measured at net asset value per share, as well as cash equivalents. 50 December 31, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Other (a) Total Assets of U.S. defined benefit plan: Fixed income securities and cash equivalents $ 92 $ 51 $ 101 $ 244 Equity securities — — 156 156 Total $ 92 $ 51 $ 257 $ 400 Assets of U.S. retiree health care plan: Fixed income securities and cash equivalents $ 2 $ — $ 196 $ 198 Equity securities — — 50 50 Total $ 2 $ — $ 246 $ 248 Assets of non-U.S. defined benefit plans: Fixed income securities and cash equivalents $ 15 $ 475 $ 820 $ 1,310 Equity securities 27 1 370 398 Total $ 42 $ 476 $ 1,190 $ 1,708 (a) Consists of bond index and equity index funds, measured at net asset value per share, as well as cash equivalents. The investments in our major benefit plans largely consist of low-cost, broad-market index funds to mitigate risks of concentration within market sectors. Our investment policy is designed to better match the interest rate sensitivity of the plan assets and liabilities. The appropriate mix of equity and bond investments is determined primarily through the use of detailed asset-liability modeling studies that look to balance the impact of changes in the discount rate against the need to provide asset growth to cover future service cost. Most of our plans around the world have a greater proportion of fixed income securities with return characteristics that are more closely aligned with changes in the liabilities caused by discount rate volatility. Assumptions and investment policies U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations: Discount rate 5.21 % 5.55 % 5.43 % 5.65 % 4.40 % 3.76 % Long-term pay progression 3.00 % 3.00 % n/a n/a 3.19 % 3.14 % Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost: Discount rate 5.45 % 5.21 % 5.65 % 5.17 % 3.76 % 3.28 % Long-term rate of return on plan assets 5.30 % 6.10 % 5.10 % 6.00 % 4.08 % 4.28 % Long-term pay progression 3.00 % 3.00 % n/a n/a 3.14 % 3.12 % We utilize a variety of methods to select an appropriate discount rate depending on the depth of the corporate bond market in the country in which the benefit plan operates. In the United States, we use a settlement approach whereby a portfolio of bonds is selected from the universe of actively traded high-quality U.S. corporate bonds. The selected portfolio is designed to simulate a portfolio that would provide cash flows sufficient to pay the plan’s expected benefit payments when due. The resulting discount rate reflects the rate of return of the selected portfolio of bonds. For our non-U.S. locations with a sufficient number of actively traded high-quality bonds, an analysis is performed in which the projected cash flows from the defined benefit plans are discounted against a yield curve constructed with an appropriate universe of high-quality corporate bonds available in each country. In this manner, a present value is developed. The discount rate selected is the single equivalent rate that produces the same present value. For countries that lack a sufficient corporate bond market, a government bond index is used to establish the discount rate. 51 Assumptions for the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets are based on future expectations for returns for each asset class and the effect of periodic target asset allocation rebalancing. We adjust the results for the payment of reasonable expenses of the plan from plan assets. We believe our assumptions are appropriate based on the investment mix and long-term nature of the plans’ investments. Assumptions used for the non-U.S. defined benefit plans reflect the different economic environments within the various countries. The target allocation ranges for the plans that hold a substantial majority of the defined benefit assets are as follows: U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit Fixed income securities and cash equivalents 60 % – 75 % 85 % – 100 % 60 % – 100 % Equity securities 25 % – 40 % 0 % – 15 % 0 % – 40 % We rebalance the plans’ investments when they are outside the target allocation ranges. Weighted average asset allocations as of December 31 are as follows: U.S. Defined Benefit U.S. Retiree Health Care Non-U.S. Defined Benefit 2025 2024 2025 2024 2025 2024 Fixed income securities and cash equivalents 60 % 61 % 100 % 80 % 77 % 77 % Equity securities 40 % 39 % 0 % 20 % 23 % 23 % None of the plan assets related to the defined benefit pension plans and retiree health care benefit plan are directly invested in TI common stock. The following assumed future benefit payments to plan participants in the next 10 years are used to measure our benefit obligations. Almost all of the payments, which may vary significantly from these assumptions, will be made from plan assets and not from company assets. 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 – 2035 U.S. Defined Benefit $ 79 $ 78 $ 60 $ 53 $ 47 $ 165 U.S. Retiree Health Care 24 22 21 20 20 88 Non-U.S. Defined Benefit 95 96 98 100 101 526 Assumed health care cost trend rates for the U.S. retiree health care benefit plan as of December 31 are as follows: 2025 2024 Assumed health care cost trend rate for next year 8.00 % 7.00 % Ultimate trend rate 6.00 % 5.00 % Year in which ultimate trend rate is reached 2034 2033 Deferred compensation plans We have deferred compensation plans that allow U.S. employees whose base salary and management responsibility exceed a certain level to defer receipt of a portion of their cash compensation. Payments under these plans are made based on the participant’s distribution election and plan balance. Participants can earn a return on their deferred compensation based on notional investments in the same investment funds that are offered in our defined contribution plans. As of December 31, 2025, our liability to participants of the deferred compensation plans was $ 492 million and is recorded in other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. This amount reflects the accumulated participant deferrals and related earnings. We utilize total return swaps and investments in mutual funds that serve as economic hedges of our exposure to changes in the fair value of these liabilities. We record changes in the fair value of the liability and the related total return swaps and mutual funds in SG&A, as discussed in Note 6. As of December 31, 2025, we held $ 11 million in mutual funds related to these plans that are recorded in long-term investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. 52 8. Debt and lines of credit Short-term borrowings We maintain a line of credit to provide additional liquidity through bank loans and, if necessary, to support commercial paper borrowings. As of December 31, 2025, the aforementioned line of credit was a variable-rate, revolving credit facility from a consortium of investment-grade banks that allows us to borrow up to $ 1 billion until March 2026. The interest rate on borrowings under this credit facility, if drawn, is indexed to the applicable Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (Term SOFR). As of December 31, 2025, our credit facility was undrawn, and we had no commercial paper outstanding. Long-term debt In March 2025, we retired $ 750 million of maturing debt. In May 2025, we issued two series of senior unsecured notes for an aggregate principal amount of $ 1.20 billion, consisting of $ 550 million of 4.50 % notes due in 2030 and $ 650 million of 5.10 % notes due in 2035. We incurred $ 6 million of issuance and other related costs. The proceeds of the offering were $ 1.20 billion, net of the original issuance discounts, which will be used for general corporate purposes. In February 2024, we issued five series of senior unsecured notes for an aggregate principal amount of $ 3.00 billion, consisting of $ 650 million of 4.60 % notes due in 2027, $ 650 million of 4.60 % notes due in 2029, $ 600 million of 4.85 % notes due in 2034, $ 750 million of 5.15 % notes due in 2054 and $ 350 million of 5.05 % notes due in 2063. We incurred $ 16 million of issuance and other related costs. The proceeds of the offering were $ 2.98 billion, net of the original issuance discounts, which will be used for general corporate purposes. We retired $ 300 million of maturing debt in May 2024 and an additional $ 300 million in November 2024. In March 2023, we issued two series of senior unsecured notes for an aggregate principal amount of $ 1.40 billion, consisting of $ 750 million of 4.90 % notes due in 2033 and $ 650 million of 5.00 % notes due in 2053. We incurred $ 11 million of issuance and other related costs. The proceeds of the offering were $ 1.40 billion, net of the original issuance discounts, which will be used for general corporate purposes. In May 2023, we issued three series of senior unsecured notes for an aggregate principal amount of $ 1.60 billion, consisting of $ 200 million of 4.60 % notes due in 2028, $ 200 million of 4.90 % notes due in 2033 and $ 1.20 billion of 5.05 % notes due in 2063. We incurred $ 7 million of issuance and other related costs. The proceeds of the offering were $ 1.60 billion, net of the original issuance discounts and premiums, which will be used for general corporate purposes. In May 2023, we retired $ 500 million of maturing debt. 53 Long-term debt outstanding is as follows: December 31, 2025 2024 Notes due 2025 at 1.375 % — 750 Notes due 2026 at 1.125 % 500 500 Notes due 2027 at 4.60 % 650 650 Notes due 2027 at 2.90 % 500 500 Notes due 2028 at 4.60 % 700 700 Notes due 2029 at 4.60 % 650 650 Notes due 2029 at 2.25 % 750 750 Notes due 2030 at 1.75 % 750 750 Notes due 2030 at 4.50 % 550 — Notes due 2031 at 1.90 % 500 500 Notes due 2032 at 3.65 % 400 400 Notes due 2033 at 4.90 % 950 950 Notes due 2034 at 4.85 % 600 600 Notes due 2035 at 5.10 % 650 — Notes due 2039 at 3.875 % 750 750 Notes due 2048 at 4.15 % 1,500 1,500 Notes due 2051 at 2.70 % 500 500 Notes due 2052 at 4.10 % 300 300 Notes due 2053 at 5.00 % 650 650 Notes due 2054 at 5.15 % 750 750 Notes due 2063 at 5.05 % 1,550 1,550 Total debt 14,150 13,700 Net unamortized discounts, premiums and issuance costs ( 102 ) ( 104 ) Total debt, including net unamortized discounts, premiums and issuance costs 14,048 13,596 Current portion of long-term debt ( 500 ) ( 750 ) Long-term debt $ 13,548 $ 12,846 Interest and debt expense was $ 543 million, $ 508 million and $ 353 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. This was net of the amortized discounts, premiums and issuance and other related costs. Cash payments for interest on long-term debt were $ 542 million, $ 473 million and $ 321 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Capitalized interest was $ 12 million, $ 20 million and $ 11 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. 9. Leases We conduct certain operations in leased facilities and also lease a portion of our data processing and other equipment. In addition, certain long-term supply agreements to purchase industrial gases are accounted for as operating leases. Lease agreements frequently include renewal provisions and require us to pay real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance costs. Our leases are included as a component of the following balance sheet lines: December 31, 2025 2024 Other long-term assets $ 729 $ 786 Accrued expenses and other liabilities $ 119 $ 118 Other long-term liabilities 612 663 54 Details of our operating leases are as follows: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Lease cost related to lease liabilities $ 102 $ 85 $ 73 Variable lease cost 60 64 54 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows for lease cost $ 80 $ 65 $ 65 Lease assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities $ 26 $ 241 $ 285 As of December 31, 2025, we had committed to make the following minimum payments under our noncancelable operating leases: 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Thereafter Total Lease payments $ 122 $ 110 $ 97 $ 85 $ 82 $ 424 $ 920 Imputed lease interest ( 189 ) Total lease liabilities $ 731 The weighted average remaining lease term was 10.1 years and 10.8 years as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The weighted average discount rate was 4.60 % and 4.53 % as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. 10. Commitments and contingencies Purchase commitments Our purchase commitments include payments for software licenses and contractual arrangements with suppliers when there is a fixed, noncancelable payment schedule or when minimum payments are due with a reduced delivery schedule. As of December 31, 2025, we had committed to make the following minimum payments under our purchase commitments: 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Thereafter Total Purchase commitments $ 440 $ 442 $ 291 $ 151 $ 48 $ 70 $ 1,442 Indemnification guarantees We routinely sell products with an intellectual property indemnification included in the terms of sale. Historically, we have had only minimal, infrequent losses associated with these indemnities. Consequently, we cannot reasonably estimate any future liabilities that may result. Warranty costs/product liabilities Our stated warranties for semiconductor products obligate us to repair, replace or credit the purchase price of a covered product back to the buyer. Product claim consideration may exceed the price of our products. Historically, we have experienced a low rate of payments on product claims. Although we cannot predict the likelihood or amount of any future claims, we do not believe they will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. We accrue for known product-related claims if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. During the periods presented, there have been no material accruals or payments regarding product warranty or product liability. 55 General We are subject to various legal and administrative proceedings. Although it is not possible to predict the outcome of these matters, we believe that the results of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. 11. Supplemental financial information Restructuring charges/other Restructuring charges/other are included in Other for segment reporting purposes and are comprised of the following components: For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Restructuring charges (a) $ 85 $ 8 $ — Goodwill impairment 32 — — Gains on sales of assets — ( 132 ) — Restructuring charges/other $ 117 $ ( 124 ) $ — (a) Includes severance, benefits and other exit costs related to efforts to drive operational efficiencies to support our long-term strategy, including the planned closures of our two remaining factories with 150mm production. Other income (expense), net (OI&E) For Years Ended December 31, 2025 2024 2023 Other income (a) $ 258 $ 529 $ 474 Other expense (b) ( 28 ) ( 33 ) ( 34 ) Total $ 230 $ 496 $ 440 (a) I ncludes interest, royalty, lease and tax interest income. (b) I ncludes a portion of pension and other retiree benefit costs, lease expense, currency gains and losses and miscellaneous items. Prepaid expenses and other current assets December 31, 2025 2024 CHIPS Act incentives $ 1,709 $ 904 Other 393 296 Total $ 2,102 $ 1,200 Property, plant and equipment at cost Depreciable Lives (Years) December 31, 2025 2024 Land $ 162 $ 113 Buildings and improvements Up to 40 6,830 6,424 Machinery and equipment 5 – 10 10,690 8,717 Total $ 17,682 $ 15,254 56 Goodwill Goodwill by segment as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, is as follows: December 31, 2025 2024 Analog $ 4,158 $ 4,158 Embedded Processing 172 172 Other — 32 Total $ 4,330 $ 4,362 In 2025, we recognized goodwill impairment of $ 32 million due to a decline in the expected present value of future cash flows from certain products in Other. In 2024 and 2023, we determined no impairment was indicated. Other long-term assets December 31, 2025 2024 CHIPS Act incentives $ 1,639 $ 2,246 Other 1,017 1,102 Total $ 2,656 $ 3,348 Accrued expenses and other liabilities December 31, 2025 2024 Accrued capital-related expenditures $ 300 $ 352 Other 707 723 Total $ 1,007 $ 1,075 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes (AOCI) December 31, 2025 2024 Postretirement benefit plans: Net actuarial loss $ ( 71 ) $ ( 144 ) Prior service cost (credit) ( 16 ) 1 Unrealized gains on available-for-sale investments 1 2 Cash flow hedge derivative instruments 1 1 Total $ ( 85 ) $ ( 140 ) 57 Details on amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes, to net income Our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income include items that have been recognized within net income in 2025, 2024 and 2023. The table below details where these transactions are recorded in our Consolidated Statements of Income. For Years Ended December 31, Impact to Related Statement of Income Lines 2025 2024 2023 Net actuarial losses of defined benefit plans: Recognized net actuarial loss and settlement losses (a) $ 18 $ 13 $ 20 Decrease to OI&E Tax effect ( 4 ) ( 3 ) ( 5 ) Decrease to provision for income taxes Recognized within net income, net of taxes $ 14 $ 10 $ 15 Decrease to net income Prior service cost (credit) of defined benefit plans: Amortization of prior service cost (credit) (a) $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 Decrease (increase) to OI&E Tax effect — — — (Decrease) increase to provision for income taxes Recognized within net income, net of taxes $ 1 $ 1 $ 1 Decrease (increase) to net income (a) Detailed in Note 7 12. Subsequent event Acquisition of Silicon Labs As announced on February 4, 2026, we have entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Silicon Labs for $ 231.00 per share in an all-cash transaction, representing a total enterprise value of approximately $ 7.5 billion. Under the terms of the agreement, Silicon Labs stockholders will receive $ 231.00 in cash for each share of Silicon Labs common stock they hold at the time of closing, which is currently expected to close in the first half of 2027, subject to receipt of regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions, including approval by Silicon Labs stockholders. We expect to fund the transaction with a combination of cash on hand and debt financing to be arranged prior to closing. 58 Report of independent registered public accounting firm To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Texas Instruments Incorporated Opinion on the financial statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Texas Instruments Incorporated (the Company) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 6, 2026, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Basis for opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical audit matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the account or disclosure to which it relates. 59 Uncertain tax positions Description of the matter As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company operates in the United States and multiple international tax jurisdictions, and its income tax returns are subject to examination by tax authorities in those jurisdictions who may challenge any tax position on these returns. Uncertainty in a tax position may arise because tax laws are subject to interpretation. The Company evaluates uncertain tax positions to determine whether, based on the technical merits, a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities. Auditing management’s evaluation of whether an uncertain tax position is more likely than not to be sustained is complex and is based on interpretations of tax laws and legal rulings. How we addressed the matter in our audit We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s process for interpretation and application of tax laws and rulings used in evaluation of uncertain tax positions. To test the Company’s assessment of the technical merits of tax positions, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, evaluating management’s assumptions and analysis which detailed the basis and technical merits of the uncertain tax positions. We involved our tax professionals to assess the technical merits of the Company’s tax positions and used our knowledge of relevant tax laws and experience with related taxing authorities. We also evaluated the adequacy of the Company’s financial statement disclosures in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements related to these tax matters. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1952. Dallas, Texas February 6, 2026 60 ITEM 9. Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure Not applicable.