Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act.
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Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2025, as a result of a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as described below.
Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
As previously disclosed in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K, management identified a material weakness in the operating effectiveness of our internal controls over the accounting for significant non-routine transactions that resulted from the inadequate and untimely involvement of stakeholders and technical advisors with an appropriate level of expertise to account for a non-routine, unusual and complex transaction. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
This material weakness resulted in errors in the financial statements and related disclosures in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, and for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and nine months ended September 30, 2023. See Note 22 to the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in our 2023 Annual Report on form 10-K for more information about these errors and our revisions to these previously issued financial statements in our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, as included in the 2023 Annual report on Form 10-K.
In order to remediate this material weakness, during 2024, we developed a policy to assist with the identification of significant, non-routine transactions and to define the processes to follow in addressing the accounting and reporting requirements of these transactions. In addition, we rolled out training on processes and controls related to significant, non-routine transactions and identifying circumstances under which we use technical advisors in connection with evaluating such transactions. During the fourth quarter of 2024 and in the first nine months of 2025, we identified several significant, non-routine transactions that occurred, and we applied the processes as required under the new policy. Although management believes the new policy, processes and training worked effectively for these significant, non-routine transaction, the new internal control over significant, non-routine transactions needs to be in operation and tested for sufficient instances, including a successful evaluation from our 2025 year-end audit procedures, in order to be considered effective and, therefore, these changes can only be deemed effective once they have been in place over a longer time period and applied in additional instances. Remediation testing will continue through the 2025 year-end and the effectiveness of management’s new processes will be reassessed as part of the annual audit.
We will continue to review the effectiveness of our newly implemented controls and make improvements as warranted. This is no assurance, however, that these control modifications will ultimately have the intended effects.
Notwithstanding our material weakness, we have concluded that our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation of such internal controls that occurred during the third quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Limitations on the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues within a company are detected. The inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Text extracted from the filing as submitted to EDGAR. Formatting, tables and exhibits are simplified for reading; the original document is authoritative for anything you rely on.