Simpson Manufacturing Co., Inc. 10-Q

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. We have operations both within the United States and internationally, and are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Foreign Exchange Risk We have foreign exchange rate risk in our international operations, and through purchases from foreign vendors. Changes in the values of currencies of foreign countries affect our financial position, income statement and cash flows when translated into U.S. Dollars. We estimate that if the exchange rate were to change by 10% in any one country where we have our operations, the change in net income would not be material to our operations taken as a whole. We may manage our exposure to transactional risk by entering into foreign currency forward contracts and cross currency swaps for forecasted transactions and projected cash flows for foreign currencies in future periods. In 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2025, we entered into financial contracts at various times to hedge the risk of fluctuations associated with the Euro and the Chinese Yuan. Interest Rate Risk Our primary exposure to interest rate risk results from outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement, which bears interest at variable rates. As of June 30, 2025, the outstanding debt under the Credit Agreement subject to interest rate fluctuations was $376.9 million. The variable interest rates on the Credit Agreement fluctuate and expose us to short-term changes in market interest rates as our interest obligation on this instrument is based on prevailing market interest rates. Interest rates fluctuate as a result of many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors that are beyond our control. We have entered into an interest rate swap agreement to convert the variable interest rate on the balances outstanding under our Credit Agreement to fixed interest rates. The objective of the interest rate swap agreement is to eliminate the variability of the 37 interest payment cash flows associated with the variable interest rate outstanding under the borrowings. We designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges. Refer to Note 7, “ Derivatives and Hedging Instruments ” , for further information on our interest rate swap contracts in effect as of June 30, 2025. Commodity Price Risk In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk related to our purchase of steel, a significant raw material upon which our manufacturing depends. Steel cost started to stabilize by the end of 2024 and began to raise again later part of the first six months of 2025 . While steel is typically available from numerous suppliers, the price of steel is a commodity subject to fluctuations that apply across broad spectrums of the steel market. We do not use any derivative or hedging instruments to manage steel price risk. If the price of steel increases, our variable costs would also increase. While historically we have successfully mitigated these increased costs through the implementation of price increases, in the future we may not be able to successfully mitigate these costs, which could cause our operating margins to decline.