SPX Technologies, Inc. 10-K

ITEM 8. Financial Statements And Supplementary Data SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Index To Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2024 Page SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm — Deloitte & Touche LLP (PCAOB ID No. 34 ) 51 Consolidated Financial Statements: Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 53 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 54 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 55 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 56 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 57 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 59 All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, not required or because the required information is included in our consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. 50 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of SPX Technologies, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SPX Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 25, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Acquisitions – Ingénia Technologies Inc. – Valuation of Property, Plant, and Equipment, Technology, Customer Relationships, Trademarks, and Customer Backlog Assets— Refer to Notes 1, 4, and 10 to the financial statements Critical Audit Matter Description The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the Ingénia Technologies Inc. (“Ingénia”) transaction have been recorded at estimates of fair value as determined by management, based on information available and assumptions as to future operations. Of the total assets acquired and liabilities assumed, the Company acquired $73.6 of property, plant, and equipment, which was primarily made up of real and personal property, and $97.9 of intangible assets, including technology of $46.7, customer relationships of $23.5, trademarks of $13.9, and customer backlog of $13.8. We identified the valuation of the aforementioned real and personal property and intangible assets for the Ingénia acquisition as a critical audit matter because of the significant estimates and assumptions management makes to determine the fair value these assets. This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of the valuation methodologies applied to the real and personal property and intangible assets acquired, as well as when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management's forecast of future revenue growth rates and profit margins and the selection of the discount rate 51 for the customer relationships, trademarks, and technology intangible assets, the selection of the royalty rate for the trademarks and technology intangible assets, and the estimated replacement costs of the real and personal property acquired. How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit Our audit procedures related to the valuation of the real and personal property and intangible assets acquired as part of the Ingénia acquisition included the following, among others: • We tested the design and operating effectiveness of controls over management’s purchase price allocation procedures, including controls over the assumptions used in the cost and income approach for Real and Personal Property and Intangible Assets, respectively, and reviewing the work of management's third-party specialists. • With the assistance of our fair value specialists, and in respect to the Real and Personal Property acquired, we evaluated the reasonableness of the valuation methodology and the cost to replace or reproduce comparable assets and developed a range of independent estimates and compared to those used by management. • We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast projected revenue growth rates and profit margins by comparing actual results to management’s acquisition date forecasts used in the income approach for Intangible Assets. • We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s forecasts used in the income approach for Intangible Assets by comparing the forecasts to: – Historical results – Third-party economic research, industry performance, and peer company performance. • With the assistance of our fair value specialists, and in respect to the Intangible Assets acquired, we evaluated the reasonableness of the valuation methodology, the discount rates, and the royalty rates by performing certain procedures, that included: – Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate and royalty rate and the mathematical accuracy of the calculation – Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate and royalty rate selected by management. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP Charlotte, North Carolina February 25 , 2025 We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2002. 52 SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Statements of Operations (in millions, except per share amounts) Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Revenues $ 1,983.9 $ 1,741.2 $ 1,460.9 Costs and expenses: Cost of products sold 1,184.5 1,071.2 937.0 Selling, general and administrative 414.6 394.4 355.7 Intangible amortization 64.5 43.9 28.5 Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets — — 13.4 Special charges, net 3.6 0.8 0.4 Other operating expense, net 8.4 9.0 74.9 Operating income 308.3 221.9 51.0 Other expense, net ( 9.3 ) ( 10.1 ) ( 15.2 ) Interest expense ( 45.7 ) ( 27.2 ) ( 9.3 ) Interest income 2.1 1.7 1.7 Loss on amendment/refinancing of senior credit agreement — — ( 1.1 ) Income from continuing operations before income taxes 255.4 186.3 27.1 Income tax provision ( 53.6 ) ( 41.6 ) ( 7.3 ) Income from continuing operations 201.8 144.7 19.8 Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax — — — Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax ( 1.3 ) ( 54.8 ) ( 19.6 ) Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax ( 1.3 ) ( 54.8 ) ( 19.6 ) Net income $ 200.5 $ 89.9 $ 0.2 Basic income per share of common stock: Income from continuing operations $ 4.37 $ 3.18 $ 0.44 Loss from discontinued operations ( 0.03 ) ( 1.21 ) ( 0.44 ) Net income per share $ 4.34 $ 1.97 $ — Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — basic 46.187 45.545 45.345 Diluted income per share of common stock: Income from continuing operations $ 4.29 $ 3.10 $ 0.43 Loss from discontinued operations ( 0.03 ) ( 1.17 ) ( 0.43 ) Net income per share $ 4.26 $ 1.93 $ — Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — diluted 47.078 46.612 46.221 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 53 SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (in millions) Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Net income $ 200.5 $ 89.9 $ 0.2 Other comprehensive income (loss), net: Pension and postretirement liability adjustment, net of tax benefit of $ 0.8 , $ 0.9 , and $ 1.0 in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively ( 2.3 ) ( 3.0 ) ( 3.3 ) Net unrealized gains (losses) on qualifying cash flow hedges, net of tax (provision) benefit of $ 1.1 , $ 1.9 , and $( 3.6 ) in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively ( 3.1 ) ( 5.3 ) 10.5 Foreign currency translation adjustments ( 32.1 ) 11.9 ( 13.6 ) Other comprehensive income (loss), net ( 37.5 ) 3.6 ( 6.4 ) Total comprehensive income (loss) $ 163.0 $ 93.5 $ ( 6.2 ) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 54 SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Balance Sheets (in millions, except share data) December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 ASSETS Current assets: Cash and equivalents $ 156.9 $ 99.4 Accounts receivable, net 313.6 279.8 Contract assets 11.3 16.6 Inventories, net 271.0 276.7 Other current assets 31.5 37.1 Total current assets 784.3 709.6 Property, plant and equipment: Land 23.5 17.9 Buildings and leasehold improvements 113.3 73.4 Machinery and equipment 308.1 264.4 444.9 355.7 Accumulated depreciation ( 226.9 ) ( 215.2 ) Property, plant and equipment, net 218.0 140.5 Goodwill 834.5 704.8 Intangibles, net 703.0 680.8 Other assets 164.1 188.9 Deferred income taxes 2.4 4.0 Assets of DBT and Heat Transfer (includes cash and equivalents of $ 4.5 and $ 5.5 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively) (Note 4) 8.2 11.1 TOTAL ASSETS $ 2,714.5 $ 2,439.7 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 128.1 $ 118.7 Contract liabilities 62.3 73.5 Accrued expenses 170.8 168.5 Income taxes payable 19.4 5.3 Short-term debt 10.1 17.9 Current maturities of long-term debt 27.6 17.3 Total current liabilities 418.3 401.2 Long-term debt 577.0 523.1 Deferred and other income taxes 97.8 77.0 Other long-term liabilities 224.2 204.1 Liabilities of DBT and Heat Transfer (Note 4) 12.8 39.7 Total long-term liabilities 911.8 843.9 Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 15) Stockholders' equity: Common stock ( 54,196,620 and 46,368,240 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024, respectively, and 53,618,720 and 45,674,572 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2023, respectively) 0.5 0.5 Paid-in capital 1,373.5 1,353.6 Retained earnings 238.8 38.3 Accumulated other comprehensive income 223.6 261.1 Common stock in treasury ( 7,828,380 and 7,944,148 shares at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively) ( 452.0 ) ( 458.9 ) Total stockholders' equity 1,384.4 1,194.6 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 2,714.5 $ 2,439.7 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 55 SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (in millions) Common Stock Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings (Deficit) Accum. Other Comprehensive Income Common Stock In Treasury Total Stockholders' Equity Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 0.5 $ 1,334.2 $ ( 51.8 ) $ 263.9 $ ( 443.9 ) $ 1,102.9 Net income — — 0.2 — — 0.2 Other comprehensive loss, net — — — ( 6.4 ) — ( 6.4 ) Incentive plan activity — 12.6 — — — 12.6 Long-term incentive compensation expense — 10.9 — — — 10.9 Restricted stock unit vesting — ( 19.4 ) — — 12.1 ( 7.3 ) Common stock repurchases — — — — ( 33.7 ) ( 33.7 ) Balance at December 31, 2022 0.5 1,338.3 ( 51.6 ) 257.5 ( 465.5 ) 1,079.2 Net income — — 89.9 — — 89.9 Other comprehensive income, net — — — 3.6 — 3.6 Incentive plan activity — 13.8 — — — 13.8 Long-term incentive compensation expense — 13.4 — — — 13.4 Restricted stock unit vesting — ( 11.9 ) — — 6.6 ( 5.3 ) Balance at December 31, 2023 0.5 1,353.6 38.3 261.1 ( 458.9 ) 1,194.6 Net income — — 200.5 — — 200.5 Other comprehensive loss, net — — — ( 37.5 ) — ( 37.5 ) Incentive plan activity — 21.1 — — — 21.1 Long-term incentive compensation expense — 15.0 — — — 15.0 Restricted stock unit vesting — ( 16.2 ) — — 6.9 ( 9.3 ) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 0.5 $ 1,373.5 $ 238.8 $ 223.6 $ ( 452.0 ) $ 1,384.4 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 56 SPX Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in millions) Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Cash flows from (used in) operating activities: Net income $ 200.5 $ 89.9 $ 0.2 Less: Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax ( 1.3 ) ( 54.8 ) ( 19.6 ) Income from continuing operations 201.8 144.7 19.8 Adjustments to reconcile income from continuing operations to net cash from (used in) operating activities Loss on divestiture of asbestos-related assets and liabilities — — 73.9 Special charges, net 3.6 0.8 0.4 (Gain) loss on change in fair value of equity security 4.2 ( 3.6 ) 3.0 Loss on amendment/refinancing of senior credit agreement — — 1.1 Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets — — 13.4 Deferred and other income taxes ( 15.1 ) ( 25.2 ) ( 21.4 ) Depreciation and amortization 91.6 63.2 46.4 Pension and other employee benefits 15.4 22.0 3.4 Long-term incentive compensation 15.0 13.4 10.9 Other, net ( 8.7 ) ( 5.9 ) 0.5 Contribution to divest asbestos-related assets and liabilities — — ( 138.8 ) Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions and divestitures: Accounts receivable and other assets 2.1 30.6 ( 0.3 ) Inventories 9.1 ( 3.1 ) ( 53.4 ) Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other ( 4.3 ) 7.0 ( 73.7 ) Cash spending on restructuring actions ( 1.6 ) ( 0.1 ) ( 0.4 ) Net cash from (used in) continuing operations 313.1 243.8 ( 115.2 ) Net cash used in discontinued operations ( 27.2 ) ( 35.3 ) ( 21.6 ) Net cash from (used in) operating activities 285.9 208.5 ( 136.8 ) Cash flows from (used in) investing activities: Proceeds/borrowings related to company-owned life insurance policies, net 41.9 0.7 3.7 Proceeds from asset sales and other, net 3.6 — — Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired ( 292.0 ) ( 547.0 ) ( 40.0 ) Capital expenditures ( 38.0 ) ( 23.9 ) ( 15.9 ) Net cash used in continuing operations ( 284.5 ) ( 570.2 ) ( 52.2 ) Net cash used in discontinued operations — — ( 13.9 ) Net cash used in investing activities ( 284.5 ) ( 570.2 ) ( 66.1 ) Cash flows from (used in) financing activities: Borrowings under senior credit facilities 384.8 869.1 245.0 Repayments under senior credit facilities ( 321.8 ) ( 572.5 ) ( 243.7 ) Borrowings under trade receivables agreement 272.0 178.0 — Repayments under trade receivables agreement ( 279.0 ) ( 162.0 ) — Net repayments under other financing arrangements ( 1.2 ) ( 0.4 ) ( 0.8 ) Payment of contingent consideration — — ( 1.3 ) Minimum withholdings paid on behalf of employees for net share settlements, net of proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options and other 0.9 ( 1.3 ) ( 3.5 ) Repurchases of common stock — — ( 33.7 ) Financing fees paid ( 2.6 ) ( 1.3 ) ( 1.9 ) Net cash from (used in) continuing operations 53.1 309.6 ( 39.9 ) Net cash from discontinued operations — — 1.0 Net cash from (used in) financing activities 53.1 309.6 ( 38.9 ) Change in cash and equivalents due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates 2.0 ( 0.1 ) 2.9 Net change in cash and equivalents 56.5 ( 52.2 ) ( 238.9 ) Consolidated cash and equivalents, beginning of period 104.9 157.1 396.0 Consolidated cash and equivalents, end of period $ 161.4 $ 104.9 $ 157.1 57 Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Interest paid $ 43.4 $ 25.6 $ 6.5 Income tax payments, net $ 43.5 $ 58.4 $ 59.6 Non-cash investing and financing activity: Debt assumed $ 1.1 $ 0.3 $ — Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Components of cash and equivalents: Cash and equivalents $ 156.9 $ 99.4 $ 147.8 Cash and equivalents included in assets of DBT and Heat Transfer 4.5 5.5 9.3 Total cash and equivalents $ 161.4 $ 104.9 $ 157.1 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 58 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2024 (All currency and share amounts are in millions, except per share and par value data) (1) Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Our significant accounting policies are described below, as well as in other Notes that follow. Unless otherwise indicated, amounts provided in these Notes pertain to continuing operations only (see Note 4 for information on discontinued operations). Merger and Consummation of Holding Company Reorganization — As of August 15, 2022, SPX Technologies, Inc. (“SPX”, “our”, “we”, or the “Company”) is the successor registrant pursuant to Rule 12g-3(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to SPX Corporation (“Legacy SPX”) as a result of the completion on August 15, 2022 of a holding company reorganization (the “Holding Company Reorganization”) effected as a merger of Legacy SPX with and into SPX Merger, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company. Each share of Legacy SPX’s common stock, par value $ 0.01 per share, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the consummation of the Holding Company Reorganization was automatically converted into an equivalent corresponding share of the Company's common stock having the same designations, rights, powers and preferences and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions as the corresponding share of Legacy SPX common stock being converted. Accordingly, upon consummation of the Holding Company Reorganization, Legacy SPX stockholders became stockholders of the Company. The terms “SPX,” “we” and “our” include Legacy SPX for periods prior to the consummation of the Holding Company Reorganization as the context requires. Principles of Consolidation — The consolidated financial statements include our accounts prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) after the elimination of intercompany transactions. Investments in unconsolidated companies where we exercise significant influence but do not have control are accounted for using the equity method. In determining whether we are the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”), we perform a qualitative analysis that considers the design of the VIE, the nature of our involvement and the variable interests held by other parties to determine which party has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, and which party has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. All of our VIEs are immaterial, individually and in aggregate, to our consolidated financial statements. Shift Away from the Power Generation Markets — Based on a review of our portfolio of businesses, and the belief that a recovery within the power generation markets was unlikely in the foreseeable future, we decided in 2015 that our strategic focus would be on our (i) scalable growth businesses that serve the heating, ventilation and cooling (“HVAC”) and detection and measurement markets and (ii) power transformers and process cooling systems businesses. As a result, we subsequently significantly reduced our exposure to the power generation markets. This reduction included the wind-down of the SPX Heat Transfer Business (“Heat Transfer”), completed during the fourth quarter of 2020, and the wind-down of our South African subsidiary, DBT Technologies (PTY) LTD (“DBT”) in 2021 when we substantially ceased all operations. As a result, we are reporting Heat Transfer and DBT as discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. See Note 4 for additional details regarding Heat Transfer and DBT’s presentation as discontinued operations and Notes 4 and 15 for additional details of DBT’s dispute resolution matters. Sale of Transformer Solutions Business — On October 1, 2021, we completed the sale of SPX Transformer Solutions, Inc. (“Transformer Solutions”) pursuant to the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 8, 2021 with GE-Prolec Transformers, Inc. (the “Purchaser”) and Prolec GE Internacional, S. de R.L. de C.V. Historically, Transformer Solutions’ operations had a significant impact on our consolidated financial results, with revenues totaling approximately 25 % of our consolidated revenues. As we no longer have a consequential presence in the power transmission and distribution markets, and given Transformer Solutions' significance to our historical consolidated financial results, we concluded that the sale of Transformer Solutions represents a strategic shift. Accordingly, we have classified the business as a discontinued operation in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. During 2022, we agreed to the final adjustment of the purchase price which resulted in a payment to the Purchaser of $ 13.9 and an increase to the gain on sale of $ 0.2 recorded to “Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax.” Divestiture of Asbestos Liabilities and Certain Assets — On November 1, 2022, we divested three wholly-owned subsidiaries that hold asbestos liabilities and certain assets, including related insurance assets, to Canvas Holdco LLC (“Canvas”), an entity formed by a joint venture of Global Risk Capital LLC and an affiliate of Premia Holdings Ltd. In connection with the divestiture (the “Asbestos Portfolio Sale”), we contributed $ 138.8 in cash to the divested subsidiaries, financed with cash on hand; while Canvas made a capital contribution to the divested subsidiaries of $ 8.0 . The divestiture resulted in a loss of $ 73.9 , recorded to “Other operating expense, net,” which includes the write-off of certain deferred income tax assets recorded by the divested subsidiaries. The divested subsidiaries have agreed to indemnify us and our affiliates for their asbestos-related liabilities, which encompassed all of our consolidated asbestos-related liabilities and contingent liabilities 59 immediately prior to the divestiture. These indemnification obligations are not subject to any cap or time limitation. As a result of this transaction, all asbestos obligations and liabilities and related insurance assets have been removed from our consolidated balance sheets effective November 12, 2022. The board of managers of the divested subsidiaries each received a solvency opinion from an independent advisory firm that the divested subsidiaries were solvent after giving effect to the Asbestos Portfolio Sale. The agreement for the Asbestos Portfolio Sale contains customary representations and warranties with respect to the divested subsidiaries, the Company, and Canvas. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company and Canvas will each indemnify the other for breaches of representation and warranties or breaches of covenants, subject to certain limitations as set forth in the agreement. Refer to Note 4 for additional details. Acquisitions in 2024: • Ingénia - On February 7, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Ingénia Technologies Inc. (“Ingénia”) which specializes in the design and manufacture of custom air handling units that demand high levels of precision and reliability in healthcare, pharmaceutical, education, food processing and industrial end markets. We purchased Ingénia for cash consideration of $ 292.0 , net of (i) an adjustment to the purchase price of $ 2.1 received during 2024 related to acquired working capital and (ii) cash acquired of $ 1.5 . The post-acquisition results of Ingénia are reflected within our HVAC reportable segment. Acquisitions in 2023: • TAMCO - On April 3, 2023, we completed the acquisition of T. A. Morrison & Co. Inc. (“TAMCO”), a market leader in motorized and non-motorized dampers that control airflow in large-scale specialty applications in commercial, industrial, and institutional markets. We purchased TAMCO for cash consideration of $ 125.5 , inclusive of an adjustment to the purchase price of $ 0.2 paid during 2023 related to acquired working capital, and net of cash acquired of $ 1.0 . The post-acquisition operating results of TAMCO are reflected within our HVAC reportable segment. • ASPEQ - On June 2, 2023, we completed the acquisition of ASPEQ Heating Group (“ASPEQ”), a leading provider of electrical heating solutions to customers in industrial and commercial markets. We purchased ASPEQ for cash consideration of $ 421.5 , net of (i) an adjustment to the purchase price of $ 0.3 received during 2023 related to acquired working capital and (ii) cash acquired of $ 0.9 . The post-acquisition operating results of ASPEQ are reflected within our HVAC reportable segment. Acquisitions in 2022: • ITL - On March 31, 2022, we completed the acquisition of International Tower Lighting, LLC ( “ ITL ” ), a leader in the design and manufacture of highly-engineered aids to navigation systems, including obstruction lighting for telecommunications towers, wind turbines and numerous other terrestrial obstructions. We purchased ITL for cash proceeds of $ 40.4 , net of (i) an adjustment to the purchase price received during 2022 of $ 1.4 related to acquired working capital and (ii) cash acquired of $ 1.1 . The post-acquisition operating results of ITL are reflected within our Detection and Measurement reportable segment. Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions — The financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with the Foreign Currency Matters Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board Codification (“Codification”). Gains and losses on foreign currency translations are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity and other comprehensive income/loss. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses, as well as gains and losses related to foreign currency forward contracts, are included in “Other expense, net,” with the related net gains (losses) totaling $ 0.8 , $( 0.9 ), and $( 1.1 ) in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Cash Equivalents — We consider highly liquid money market investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Revenue Recognition — We recognize revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606. See Note 5 for our policy for recognizing revenue under, as well as the various other disclosures required by, ASC 606. Research and Development Costs — We expense research and development costs as incurred. We charge costs incurred in the research and development of new software included in products to expense until technological feasibility is established. After technological feasibility is established, additional eligible costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release. We amortize these costs over the economic lives of the related products and include the amortization in cost of products sold. 60 We perform periodic reviews of the recoverability of these capitalized software costs. If, and at the time, we determine that capitalized amounts are not recoverable based on the estimated cash flows to be generated from the applicable software, we write off any unrecoverable capitalized amounts. Capitalized software, net of amortization, totaled $ 3.6 and $ 3.1 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Capitalized software amortization expense totaled $ 0.4 , $ 0.1 , and $ 0.1 in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. We expensed research activities relating to the development and improvement of our products of $ 45.9 , $ 43.2 , and $ 39.1 in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Property, Plant and Equipment — Property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) is stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. We use the straight-line method for computing depreciation expense over the useful lives of PP&E, which do not exceed 40 years for buildings and range from 3 to 15 years for machinery and equipment. Depreciation expense, including amortization of finance leases, was $ 26.7 , $ 19.2 , and $ 17.8 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the related asset or the life of the lease, whichever is shorter. Interest is capitalized on significant construction or installation projects. No interest was capitalized during 2024, 2023, or 2022. Pension and Postretirement — We recognize changes in the fair value of plan assets and actuarial gains and losses in earnings during the fourth quarter of each year, unless earlier remeasurement is required, as a component of net periodic benefit expense/income and, accordingly, recognize the effects of plan investment performance, interest rate changes, and changes in actuarial assumptions as a component of earnings in the year in which they occur. The remaining components of pension/postretirement expense/income, primarily interest costs and expected return on plan assets, are recorded on a quarterly basis. Company-owned Life Insurance Policies — The Company has investments in company-owned life insurance (“COLI”) policies, which are recorded at their cash surrender value at each balance sheet date. Changes in the cash surrender value during the period are recorded within “Other expense, net” within our consolidated statements of operations. The Company has the ability to borrow against a portion of its investments in the COLI policies as an additional source of liquidity. During 2024, the Company borrowed $ 41.2 against the cash surrender value of these COLI policies. Such borrowings were primarily used to pay down amounts payable under the revolving credit facility. The amounts borrowed incur interest at a weighted-average rate of 5.3 %. The cash surrender value of the Company’s investments in COLI assets, net of aforementioned borrowing, was $ 36.2 and $ 76.7 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, recorded in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheets. Income Taxes — We account for income taxes based on the requirements of the Income Taxes Topic of the Codification, which includes an estimate of the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. We periodically assess the realizability of deferred tax assets and the adequacy of deferred tax liabilities, including the results of local, state, federal or foreign statutory tax audits or estimates and judgments used. Derivative Financial Instruments — We use foreign currency forward contracts to manage our exposures to fluctuating currency exchange rates and interest rate protection agreements to manage our exposures to fluctuating interest rate risk on variable rate debt. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet and measured at fair value. For derivatives designated as hedges of the fair value of assets or liabilities, the changes in fair values of both the derivatives and the hedged items are recorded in current earnings. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the change in fair value of the derivatives is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) and subsequently recognized in earnings when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. We do not enter into financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. For those transactions that are designated as cash flow hedges, we document our hedge relationship, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as our risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transactio n. We also assess, both at inception and quarterly thereafter, whether such derivatives are highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair value of the hedged item. See Notes 14 and 17 for further information. Cash flows from hedging activities are included in the same category as the items being hedged, which are primarily operating activities. 61 (2) Use of Estimates The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We evaluate these estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis and base our estimates on experience, current and expected future conditions, third-party evaluations and various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities as well as identifying and assessing the accounting treatment with respect to commitments and contingencies. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in the consolidated financial statements and related notes. Listed below are certain significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Certain other estimates and assumptions are further explained in the related notes. Accounts Receivable Allowances — We provide allowances for expected losses on uncollectible accounts based on our historical experience, current and future economic and market conditions, and the evaluation of the likelihood of success in collecting specific customer receivables. In addition, we maintain allowances for customer returns, discounts and invoice pricing discrepancies, with such allowances primarily based on historical experience. Summarized below is the activity for these allowance accounts. Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of year $ 11.5 $ 10.4 $ 10.4 Acquisitions 0.1 0.2 0.1 Allowances provided 16.7 18.2 17.9 Write-offs, net of recoveries, credits issued and other ( 15.8 ) ( 17.3 ) ( 18.0 ) Balance at end of year $ 12.5 $ 11.5 $ 10.4 Inventory — We estimate losses for excess and/or obsolete inventory and the net realizable value of inventory based on the aging and historical utilization of the inventory and the evaluation of the likelihood of recovering the inventory costs based on anticipated demand and selling price. Acquisitions — We record acquisitions that meet the definition of a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. We include the operating results of acquired entities from their respective dates of acquisition and recognize and measure the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, including contingent consideration as of the acquisition date, at fair value. The excess, if any, of total consideration transferred in a business combination over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. Costs incurred as a result of a business combination, other than costs related to the issuance of debt or equity securities, are recorded in the period the costs are incurred. Additionally, at each reporting period, contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value, with changes recorded in “Other operating expense, net” within our consolidated statements of operations. Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization — We continually review whether events and circumstances subsequent to the acquisition of any long-lived assets, including intangible assets subject to amortization, have occurred that indicate the remaining estimated useful lives of those assets may warrant revision or that the remaining balance of those assets may not be fully recoverable. If events and circumstances indicate that the long-lived assets should be reviewed for possible impairment, we use projections to assess whether future cash flows on an undiscounted basis related to the assets are likely to exceed the related carrying amount. We will record an impairment charge to the extent the carrying value of the assets exceed their fair values as determined by valuation techniques appropriate in the circumstances. In determining the estimated useful lives of definite-lived intangible assets, we consider the nature, competitive position, life cycle position, and historical and expected future cash flows of each acquired asset, as well as our commitment to support these assets through continued investment and legal infringement protection. Definite-lived intangible assets such as customer relationships, technology and other intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. The weighted-average remaining useful lives approximate the following as of December 31, 2024. Technology 10 years Customer relationships 9 years Other 6 years 62 Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets — We review goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually during the fourth quarter and continually assess whether a triggering event has occurred that indicates the carrying value may exceed the implied fair value. In reviewing goodwill for impairment, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we determine that an impairment is more likely than not, we then perform a quantitative impairment test (described below). Otherwise, no further analysis is required. Our qualitative evaluation is an assessment of factors, including reporting unit-specific operating results, as well as industry, market, and general economic conditions. Our quantitative analysis of the fair value of reporting units is based generally on discounted projected cash flows, but we also consider factors such as comparable industry price multiples. We employ cash flow projections that we believe to be reasonable under current and forecasted circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of the reported net assets of our reporting units. Many of our businesses closely follow changes in the industries and end markets that they serve. Accordingly, we consider estimates and judgments that affect the future cash flow projections, including principal methods of competition, such as volume, price, service, product performance and technical innovations, as well as estimates associated with cost reduction initiatives, capacity utilization and assumptions for inflation and foreign currency changes. Accrued Expenses — We make estimates and judgments in establishing accruals as required under GAAP. Summarized in the table below are the components of accrued expenses at December 31, 2024 and 2023. December 31, 2024 2023 Short-term incentive compensation $ 38.8 $ 39.6 Employee benefits 38.3 33.7 Warranty 18.9 16.4 Other (1) 74.8 78.8 Total $ 170.8 $ 168.5 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Other consists of various items including, among other items, the current portion of our liabilities related to risk management matters, environmental remediation costs, and operating leases, as well as, accrued rebates, legal, interest and restructuring costs, none of which is individually material. Legal — We accrue for estimated losses from legal actions or claims when events exist that make the realization of the losses probable and they can be reasonably estimated. We do not discount legal obligations or reduce them by anticipated insurance recoveries. See Note 15 for additional details. Environmental Remediation Costs — We expense costs incurred to investigate and remediate environmental issues unless they extend the economic useful lives of related assets. We record liabilities when it is probable that an obligation has been incurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated. Our environmental accruals cover anticipated costs, including investigation, remediation and operation and maintenance of clean-up sites. Our estimates are based primarily on investigations and remediation plans established by independent consultants, regulatory agencies and potentially responsible third parties. We do not discount environmental obligations or reduce them by anticipated insurance recoveries. Risk Management Matters — We are subject to claims associated with risk management matters (e.g., product liability, general liability, automobile, and workers’ compensation claims). The liabilities we record for these claims are based on a number of assumptions, including historical claims and payment experience and, prior to the Asbestos Portfolio Sale, with respect to asbestos claims, actuarial estimates of the future period during which additional claims were reasonably foreseeable. Prior to the Asbestos Portfolio Sale, we also recorded insurance recovery assets associated with the asbestos product liability matters. These assets represented amounts that we believe we were entitled to recover under agreements we had with insurance companies. The assets we recorded for these insurance recoveries were based on a number of assumptions, including the continued solvency of the insurers, and our legal interpretation of our rights for recovery under the agreements we had with the insurers. In addition, we are self-insured for certain of our workers’ compensation, automobile, product, general liability, disability and health costs, and we maintain adequate accruals to cover our retained liabilities. Our accruals for self-insurance liabilities are based on claims filed and estimates of claims incurred but not yet reported, and are not discounted. We consider a number of factors, including third-party actuarial valuations, when making these determinations. We maintain third-party stop-loss insurance policies to cover certain liability costs in excess of predetermined retained amounts; however, this insurance may be insufficient or unavailable (e.g., because of insurer insolvency) to protect us against potential loss exposures. The key assumptions considered in estimating the ultimate cost to settle reported claims and the estimated costs associated with incurred but not yet reported claims include, among other factors, our historical and industry claims experience, trends in health care and administrative costs, our current and future risk management programs, and historical lag studies with regard to the timing between when a claim is incurred and reported. See Note 15 for additional details. 63 Warranty — In the normal course of business, we issue product warranties for specific products and provide for the estimated future warranty cost in the period in which the sale is recorded. We provide for the estimate of warranty cost based on contract terms and historical warranty loss experience that is periodically adjusted for recent actual experience. Because warranty estimates are forecasts that are based on the best available information, claims costs may differ from amounts provided. In addition, due to the seasonal fluctuations at certain of our businesses, the timing of warranty provisions and the usage of warranty accruals can vary period to period. We make adjustments to initial obligations for warranties as changes in the obligations become reasonably estimable. The following is an analysis of our product warranty accrual for the periods presented: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of year $ 37.9 $ 34.7 $ 34.8 Acquisitions 1.3 0.9 0.4 Provisions 20.3 16.9 10.6 Usage ( 14.6 ) ( 14.6 ) ( 10.8 ) Currency translation adjustment ( 0.2 ) — ( 0.3 ) Balance at end of year 44.7 37.9 34.7 Less: Current portion of warranty 18.9 16.4 12.9 Non-current portion of warranty $ 25.8 $ 21.5 $ 21.8 Income Taxes — We perform reviews of our income tax positions on a continuous basis and accrue for potential uncertain tax positions in accordance with the Income Taxes Topic of the Codification. Accruals for these uncertain tax positions may be classified as “Income taxes payable” and “Deferred and other income taxes” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets based on an expectation as to the timing of when the matter will be resolved. As events change or resolutions occur, these accruals are adjusted, such as in the case of audit settlements with taxing authorities. For tax positions where it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, we record the largest amount of tax benefit with a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority, assuming such authority has full knowledge of all relevant information. These reviews also entail analyzing the realization of deferred tax assets. When we believe that it is more likely than not that we will not realize a benefit for a deferred tax asset based on all available evidence, we establish a valuation allowance. Employee Benefit Plans — Defined benefit plans cover a portion of our salaried and hourly employees, including certain employees in foreign countries. As discussed in Note 1, we recognize changes in the fair value of plan assets and actuarial gains and losses associated with our pension and postretirement benefit plans in earnings during the fourth quarter of each year, unless earlier remeasurement is required, as a component of net periodic benefit expense. The remaining components of pension/postretirement expense, primarily interest costs and expected return on plan assets, are recorded on a quarterly basis. See Note 11 for further discussion of our pension and postretirement benefits. We derive pension expense from an actuarial calculation based on the defined benefit plans’ provisions and our assumptions regarding discount rates. We primarily determine the discount rate for our plans by matching the expected projected benefit obligation cash flows for each of the plans to a yield curve that is representative of long-term, high-quality (rated AA or higher) fixed income debt instruments as of the measurement date. We also consult with independent actuaries in determining these assumptions. (3) New Accounting Pronouncements The following is a summary of new accounting pronouncements that apply or may apply to our business. The London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) was discontinued on June 30, 2023. In an effort to address the various challenges created by such discontinuance, the FASB issued three amendments to existing guidance, Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-04, No. 2021-01 and No. 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform. The amended guidance is designed to provide relief from the accounting analysis and impacts that may otherwise be required for modifications to agreements (e.g., loans, debt securities, derivatives, etc.) necessitated by the reference rate reform. It also provides optional expedients to enable companies to continue to apply hedge accounting to certain hedging relationships impacted by the reference rate reform. Application of the guidance in the amendments is optional, is only available in certain situations, and is only available for companies to apply until December 31, 2024. In conjunction with entering into an amended and restated credit agreement on August 12, 2022, we adopted this guidance with no material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 13 for additional information on our credit agreements. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, which requires companies to disclose, on an interim and annual basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), as well as a 64 qualitative description of other segment expenses not disclosed. In addition, ASU 2023-07 requires companies to disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM used the reported measures in assessing segment performance. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning January 1, 2025, and is applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in these financial statements. We adopted ASU 2023-07 during the fourth quarter of 2024, with no impact on our consolidated financial statements. Refer to Note 7 for these and other disclosures related to our reportable segments. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, which requires companies to disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. In addition, ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose additional information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025 and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. We are currently evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2023-09; however, the standard will not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, which requires companies to disclose, on an interim and annual basis, additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to the financial statements. In addition, ASU 2024-03 requires companies to disclose a qualitative description of amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively and, on an annual basis, disclose the total amount of selling expenses and the Company's definition of selling expenses. ASU 2024-03, further clarified by ASU 2025-01, will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the disclosure impact of ASU 2024-03; however, the standard will not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. (4) Acquisitions, Discontinued Operations, and the Asbestos Portfolio Sale Acquisitions From time to time, we may make acquisitions that do not significantly impact our financial position or operations. These acquisitions primarily complement our existing business operations or strategic initiatives with no significant impact to our financial outlook and end markets, or requiring a significant investment of resources. Such acquisitions are not separately identified within this report on Form 10-K. As indicated in Note 1, on April 3, 2023 and March 31, 2022 we completed the acquisitions of TAMCO and ITL, respectively. The pro forma effects of these acquisitions are not material to our consolidated results of operations. Acquisition of Ingénia As indicated in Note 1, on February 7, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Ingénia, for $ 292.0 , net of (i) an adjustment to the purchase price of $ 2.1 received during 2024 related to acquired working capital and (ii) cash acquired of $ 1.5 . We financed the acquisition with available borrowings on our revolving credit facilities under our senior credit facilities. The excess of the purchase price over the total of the estimated fair values assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. In order to determine the fair values of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Ingénia, we engaged a third-party independent valuation specialist. 65 The following is a summary of the recorded final fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Ingénia as of February 7, 2024: Assets acquired: Current assets, including cash and equivalents of $ 1.5 $ 31.2 Property, plant and equipment 73.6 Goodwill 142.4 Intangible assets 97.9 Total assets acquired 345.1 Current liabilities assumed 14.5 Deferred and other income taxes 37.1 Net assets acquired $ 293.5 The identifiable intangible assets acquired consis t of technology, customer relationships, trademarks, and customer backlog of $ 46.7 , $ 23.5 , $ 13.9 , and $ 13.8 , respectively, with suc h amounts based on an assessment of the related fair values. We expect to amortize the technology, customer relationships, trademarks, and customer backlog assets ove r 12.0 , 7.0 , 8.0 , and 1.0 years, respectively. We acquired gro ss receivables of $ 16.1 , which had the same fair value at the acquisition date based on our estimates of cash flows expected to be recovered. The qualitative factors that comprise the recorded goodwill include expected market growth for Ingénia’s existing operations, increased volumes achieved by selling Ingénia’s products through existing SPX sales channels, procurement and operational savings and efficiencies, and various other factors. We expect none of the goodwill described above to be deductible for tax purposes. We recognized revenues and net income for Ingénia of $ 72.6 and $ 15.9 , respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2024, with the net income impacted by charges during the year ended December 31, 2024 of $ 18.6 associated with amortization of the various intangible assets mentioned above and $ 1.8 associated with the excess fair value (over historical cost) of inventory acquired which was subsequently sold. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we incurred acquisition-related costs for Ingénia of $ 3.6 which have been recorded to “Selling, general and administrative” within our consolidated statements of operations and “Corporate expense” within consolidated operating income, as further described in Note 7. Acquisition of ASPEQ As indicated in Note 1, on June 2, 2023, we completed the acquisition of ASPEQ for $ 421.5 , net of (i) an adjustment to the purchase price of $ 0.3 received during 2023 related to acquired working capital and (ii) cash acquired of $ 0.9 . We financed the acquisition with available cash and borrowings under our senior credit facilities. The excess of the purchase price over the total of the estimated fair values assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. In order to determine the fair values of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed for ASPEQ, we engaged a third-party independent valuation specialist. 66 The following is a summary of the recorded final fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for ASPEQ as of June 2, 2023: Assets acquired: Current assets, including cash and equivalents of $ 0.9 $ 38.0 Property, plant and equipment 10.6 Goodwill 195.0 Intangible assets 246.1 Other assets 1.2 Total assets acquired 490.9 Current liabilities assumed 11.1 Non-current liabilities assumed (1) 57.4 Net assets acquired $ 422.4 ___________________________ (1) Includes net deferred income tax liabilities and other liabilities of $ 56.4 and $ 1.0 , respectively. The identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of customer relationships, trademarks, technology, and customer backlog of $ 142.3 , $ 51.5 , $ 47.8 , and $ 4.5 , respectively, with such amounts based on an assessment of the related fair values. We expect to amortize the customer relationships, technology, and customer backlog assets over 12.0 , 16.0 , and 1.0 years, respectively, with the trademarks acquired being indefinite-lived. We acquired gross receivables of $ 18.0 , which had a fair value at the acquisition date of $ 17.8 based on our estimates of cash flows expected to be recovered. The qualitative factors that comprise the recorded goodwill include expected market growth for ASPEQ’s existing operations, increased volumes achieved by selling ASPEQ’s products through existing SPX sales channels, procurement and operational savings and efficiencies, and various other factors. We recognized revenues and net income for ASPEQ of $ 63.9 and $ 3.6 , respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023, with the net income impacted by charges during the year ended December 31, 2023 of (i) $ 13.2 associated with amortization of the various intangible assets mentioned above and (ii) $ 3.6 associated with the excess fair value (over historical cost) of inventory acquired which was subsequently sold. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred acquisition-related costs for ASPEQ of $ 5.4 , which have been recorded to “Selling, general and administrative” within our consolidated statements of operations and “Corporate expense” within consolidated operating income, as further described in Note 7. 67 The following unaudited pro forma information presents our consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, as if the acquisitions of Ingénia and ASPEQ had taken place on January 1, 2023 and January 1, 2022, respectively. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of our consolidated results of operations that would have been reported had the acquisitions been completed as of the dates presented, and should not be taken as representative of our future consolidated results of operations. The pro forma results include estimates and assumptions that management believes are reasonable; however, these results do not include any anticipated cost savings or expenses of the integration of Ingénia and ASPEQ. These pro forma consolidated results of operations have been prepared for comparative purposes only and include additional interest expense on the borrowings required to finance the acquisitions, additional depreciation and amortization expense associated with fair value adjustments to the acquired property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, adjustments to reflect charges associated with acquisition-related costs and charges associated with the excess fair value (over historical cost) of inventory acquired and subsequently sold as if they were incurred during 2023 for Ingénia and 2022 for ASPEQ, and the related income tax effects. Years ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Revenues $ 1,991.9 $ 1,852.6 $ 1,564.7 Income (loss) from continuing operations 210.9 127.5 ( 3.8 ) Net income (loss) 209.6 72.7 ( 23.4 ) Income (loss) from continuing operations per share of common stock: Basic $ 4.57 $ 2.80 $ ( 0.08 ) Diluted $ 4.48 $ 2.74 $ ( 0.08 ) Net income (loss) per share of common stock: Basic $ 4.54 $ 1.60 $ ( 0.52 ) Diluted $ 4.45 $ 1.56 $ ( 0.52 ) Sale of Transformer Solutions Business As mentioned in Note 1, during 2022, we agreed to the final adjustment of the purchase price related to our previously disposed Transformers Solutions business, which resulted in a payment to the Purchaser of $ 13.9 and an increase to the gain on sale of $ 0.2 recorded to “Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax” for the year ended December 31, 2022. Wind-Down of DBT Business As discussed in Note 1, we completed the wind-down of our DBT business after ceasing all operations, including those related to two large power projects in South Africa (Kusile and Medupi), in the fourth quarter of 2021. As a result of completing the wind-down plan, we are reporting DBT as a discontinued operation for all periods presented. As previously disclosed, DBT had asserted claims against the remaining prime contractor on two large projects, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Power — ZAF (f.k.a. Mitsubishi-Hitachi Power Systems Africa (PTY) LTD) (“MHI”), of approximately South African Rand 1,000.0 (or $ 53.2 ) and MHI had asserted, or issued letters of intent to claim for, alleged damages against DBT. Although it was reasonably possible that some loss may have been incurred in connection with these claims (which totaled approximately South African Rand 2,815.2 or $ 149.7 ), we were unable to estimate the potential loss or range of potential loss associated with these claims due to the (i) lack of support provided by MHI for these claims; (ii) complexity of contractual relationships between the end customer, MHI, and DBT; (iii) legal interpretation of the contract provisions and application of South African law to the contracts; and (iv) unpredictable nature of any dispute resolution processes that had occurred or may have occurred in connection with these claims. Although we had experienced success in enforcing and defending our rights through the dispute resolution process over the past few years (including the matters mentioned below), we had invested, and would have continued to invest, significant management and financial resources to defend and pursue these matters. On September 5, 2023, DBT and SPX entered into an agreement with MHI to resolve all claims between the parties with respect to the two large power projects in South Africa (the “Settlement Agreement”). The Settlement Agreement provides for full and final settlement and mutual release of all claims between the parties with respect to the projects, including any claim against SPX Technologies, Inc. as guarantor of DBT's performance on the projects. It also provides that the underlying subcontracts are terminated and all obligations of both parties under the subcontracts have been satisfied in full. In connection with the Settlement Agreement, we incurred a charge, net of tax, of $ 54.2 during the third quarter of 2023. The charge included 68 the write-off of $ 15.2 in net amounts due from MHI. Such charge is included in “Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax” for the year ended December 31, 2023. Prior to the Settlement Agreement, on February 22, 2021, a dispute adjudication panel issued a ruling in favor of DBT against MHI related to costs incurred in connection with delays on two units of the Kusile project. In connection with the ruling, DBT received South African Rand 126.6 (or $ 8.6 at the time of payment). This ruling was subject to final and binding arbitration in this matter. In March 2023, an arbitration tribunal upheld the decision of the dispute adjudication panel. As a result, the South African Rand 126.6 (or $ 7.0 ) was recorded as income during the first quarter of 2023, with such amount recorded within “Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax.” Additionally, in June 2023, the arbitration tribunal ruled DBT was entitled to recover $ 1.3 of legal costs incurred related to the arbitration. Such amount received from MHI was recorded to “Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax” during the year ended December 31, 2023. Additionally, in May 2023, a separate arbitration tribunal ruled DBT was entitled to recover $ 5.5 of legal costs incurred related to another prior arbitration. Such amount received from MHI was recorded to “Loss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax” during the year ended December 31, 2023. The assets and liabilities of DBT have been included within “ Assets of DBT and Heat Transfer ” and “ Liabilities of DBT and Heat Transfer, ” respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The major line items constituting DBT’s assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are shown below: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 ASSETS Cash and equivalents $ 4.4 $ 5.5 Accounts receivable, net — 0.4 Other current assets (1) 3.4 4.7 Property, plant and equipment: Buildings and leasehold improvements — 0.2 Machinery and equipment — 0.5 — 0.7 Accumulated depreciation — ( 0.6 ) Property, plant and equipment, net — 0.1 Total assets of DBT $ 7.8 $ 10.7 LIABILITIES Accounts payable (1)(2) $ 0.7 $ 26.9 Contract liabilities (1) 2.0 2.1 Accrued expenses (1) 5.8 6.3 Other long-term liabilities (1) 4.2 4.2 Total liabilities of DBT $ 12.7 $ 39.5 ___________________________ (1) Balances relate primarily to disputed amounts due to or from a subcontractor, engaged by DBT during the Kusile project, that is currently in liquidation. The timing of the ultimate resolution of these matters is uncertain as they are likely to occur as part of the liquidation process. (2) At December 31, 2023, the balance included DBT ’ s remaining obligation under the Settlement Agreement to make a payment to MHI of South African Rand 480.9 (or $ 26.2 at December 31, 2023), which was paid ($ 27.1 at the time of payment) during 2024. In connection with this remaining obligation, we entered into a foreign currency forward contract which we designated and accounted for as a fair value hedge and matured at the time of the final payment to MHI. The resulting cash received of $ 2.0 is presented within “ Net cash used in discontinued operations ” within the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 14 for additional details. There are no further payment obligations to MHI under the terms of the Settlement Agreement. Wind-Down of the Heat Transfer Business As discussed in Note 1, we completed the wind-down of our Heat Transfer business in the fourth quarter of 2020. As a result of completing the wind-down plan, we are reporting Heat Transfer as a discontinued operation for all periods presented. 69 The assets and liabilities of Heat Transfer have been included within “ Assets of DBT and Heat Transfer ” and “ Liabilities of DBT and Heat Transfer, ” respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The major line items constituting Heat Transfer’s assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are shown below: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 ASSETS Cash and equivalents $ 0.1 $ — Other current assets 0.3 0.3 Other assets — 0.1 Total assets of Heat Transfer $ 0.4 $ 0.4 LIABILITIES Accounts payable $ 0.1 $ 0.2 Total liabilities of Heat Transfer $ 0.1 $ 0.2 For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, results of operations from our businesses reported as discontinued operations were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Transformer Solutions Loss from discontinued operations (1) $ — $ — $ ( 0.6 ) Income tax benefit — — 0.9 Income from discontinued operations, net — — 0.3 DBT Loss from discontinued operations (2) ( 0.6 ) ( 69.0 ) ( 17.3 ) Income tax benefit (provision) ( 0.1 ) 15.3 2.1 Loss from discontinued operations, net ( 0.7 ) ( 53.7 ) ( 15.2 ) All other (3) Loss from discontinued operations ( 0.3 ) ( 1.3 ) ( 6.4 ) Income tax benefit (provision) ( 0.3 ) 0.2 1.7 Loss from discontinued operations, net ( 0.6 ) ( 1.1 ) ( 4.7 ) Total Loss from discontinued operations ( 0.9 ) ( 70.3 ) ( 24.3 ) Income tax benefit (provision) ( 0.4 ) 15.5 4.7 Loss from discontinued operations, net $ ( 1.3 ) $ ( 54.8 ) $ ( 19.6 ) ________________________________________________ (1) Loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 resulted primarily from revisions to liabilities retained in connection with the disposition. (2) Loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 resulted primarily from the charge, and related income tax impacts, recorded in connection with the Settlement Agreement referred to above and legal costs incurred in connection with the various dispute resolution matters. This loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 was partially offset by arbitration awards received, which are discussed above. Loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 resulted primarily from legal costs incurred in connection with various dispute resolution matters prior to the Settlement Agreement. (3) Loss for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 resulted primarily from revisions to liabilities, including income tax liabilities, retained in connection with prior dispositions and, for the year ended December 31, 2022, asbestos-related charges for businesses previously disposed of. Changes in estimates associated with liabilities retained in connection with a business divestiture (e.g., income taxes) may occur. As a result, it is possible that the resulting gains/losses on previous business divestitures may be materially adjusted in subsequent periods. Net cash used in discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 related primarily to the final cash payment of South African Rand 480.9 ($ 27.1 at time of payment) made by DBT to MHI during 2024 in connection with the Settlement 70 Agreement, partially offset by $ 2.0 from the foreign currency forward contract mentioned above. Net cash used in discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 related primarily to (i) cash payments of $ 25.3 made by DBT to MHI during 2023 in connection with the Settlement Agreement, and (ii) disbursements of $ 14.7 for professional fees and support costs incurred principally in connection with the claims resolved by the Settlement Agreement, partially offset by recovery of legal costs we were awarded in arbitration proceedings between DBT and MHI of $ 6.8 mentioned above. Net cash used in discontinued operations for the year ended D ecember 31, 2022 related primarily to (i) disbursements for professional fees incurred in connection with the claims activities related to the large power projects in South Africa prior to the Settlement Agreement, (ii) disbursements related to asbestos product liability matters, (iii) a payment of $ 13.9 to the buyer of Transformer Solutions related to the settlement of the final working capital balances for the business, and (iv) disbursements for liabilities retained in connection with dispositions, including fees associated with the sale of Transformer Solutions. These disburseme nts were partially offset by proceeds from stock options exercised of $ 1.0 . Asbestos Portfolio Sale As indicated in Note 1, we completed the Asbestos Portfolio Sale on November 1, 2022. Below is a summary of the impact of the Asbestos Portfolio Sale, including the loss on sale, on our 2022 consolidated financial statements: Cash contribution $ ( 138.8 ) Assets divested: Accounts receivable, net ( 5.0 ) Other current assets ( 50.0 ) Other assets ( 420.3 ) Deferred tax assets ( 27.0 ) Liabilities divested: Accrued liabilities 53.9 Other long-term liabilities 518.0 Loss on Asbestos Portfolio Sale, before transaction costs ( 69.2 ) Transaction costs ( 4.7 ) Loss on Asbestos Portfolio Sale $ ( 73.9 ) (5) Revenues from Contracts Summarized below is our policy for recognizing revenue under, as well as the various disclosures required by, ASC 606. Performance Obligations - Certain of our contracts are comprised of multiple deliverables, which can include hardware and software components, installation, maintenance, and extended warranties. For these contracts, we evaluate whether these deliverables represent separate performance obligations as defined by ASC 606. In some cases, a customer contracts with us to integrate a complex set of tasks and components into a single project or capability (even if the single project results in the delivery of multiple units). Hence, the entire contract is treated as a single performance obligation. In contrast, we may promise to provide distinct goods or services within a contract, in which case we separate the contract into more than one performance obligation. If a contract is separated into more than one performance obligation, we allocate the total transaction price to each performance obligation in an amount based on the estimated relative standalone selling prices of the promised goods or services underlying each performance obligation. In cases where we sell standard products with observable standalone selling prices, these selling prices are used to determine the relative standalone selling price. In cases where we sell a customized customer specific solution, we typically use the expected cost plus margin approach to estimate the standalone selling price of each performance obligation. Sales taxes and other usage-based taxes are excluded from revenue. Remaining performance obligations represent performance obligations that have yet to be satisfied. As a practical expedient, we do not disclose performance obligations (i) that are part of a contract that has an original expected duration of less than one year and/or (ii) where our right to consideration corresponds directly to the value transferred to the customer. Performance obligations for contracts with an original duration in excess of one year that have yet to be satisfied as of the end of a period primarily relate to our aids to navigation systems, communication technologies products, large process cooling systems, as well as certain of our transportation systems. As of December 31, 2024, the aggregate amount allocated to remaining performance obligations, after the effect of practical expedients, was $ 178.1 . We expect to recognize revenue on approximately 48 % and 58 % of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 and 24 months, respectively, with the remaining recognized thereafter. 71 Options - We offer options within certain of our contracts to purchase future goods or services. To the extent the option provides a material right to a future benefit (i.e., future goods and services at a discount from the relative standalone selling price), we separate the material right as a performance obligation and adjust the standalone selling price of the other performance obligations within the contract. When determining the relative standalone selling price of the option, we first determine the incremental discount that the customer would receive by exercising the option and then adjust that value based on the probability of option exercise (based, where possible, on historical experience). Revenue is recognized for the option either when the option is exercised or when it expires. Contract Combination and Modification - We assess each contract at its inception to determine whether it should be combined with other contracts for revenue recognition purposes. When making this determination, we consider factors such as whether two or more contracts with a customer were negotiated at or near the same time or were negotiated with an overall profit objective. Contracts are sometimes modified for changes in contract specifications, scope, or price (or a combination of these). Contract modifications for goods or services that are not distinct within the context of the contract (generally associated with specification changes for certain product lines within our HVAC reportable segment) are accounted for as part of the existing contract. Contract modifications for goods or services that are distinct (i.e., adding or subtracting distinct goods or services) are accounted for as either a termination of the existing contract and the creation of a new contract (where the goods or services are not priced at their standalone selling price), or the creation of separate contract (where the goods or services are priced at their standalone selling price). Variable Consideration - We determine the transaction price for each contract based on the consideration we expect to receive for the products or services being provided under the contract. For contracts where a portion of the price may vary, we estimate the variable consideration at the amount to which we expect to be entitled, which is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. We analyze the risk of a significant revenue reversal and, if necessary, constrain the amount of variable consideration recognized in order to mitigate this risk. Variable consideration primarily pertains to late delivery penalties and unapproved change orders and claims (levied by us and/or against us). Actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from our estimates. If actual results vary from our estimates, we will adjust these estimates, which would affect revenue and earnings, in the period such variances become known. As noted above, the nature of our contracts gives rise to several types of variable consideration, including unapproved change orders and claims. We include in our contract estimates additional revenue for unapproved change orders or claims against the customer when we believe we have an enforceable right to the unapproved change order or claim, the amount can be reliably estimated, and the above criteria have been met. In evaluating these criteria, we consider the contractual/legal basis for the claim, the cause of any additional costs incurred, the reasonableness of those costs, and the objective evidence available to support the claim. These estimates are also based on historical award experience. Returns, Customer Sales Incentives and Warranties - We have certain arrangements that require us to estimate, at the time of sale, the amounts of variable consideration that should be excluded from revenue as (i) certain amounts are not expected to be collected from customers and/or (ii) the product may be returned. We principally rely on historical experience, specific customer agreements, and anticipated future trends to estimate these amounts at the time of shipment and to reduce the transaction price. These arrangements include volume rebates, which are estimated using the most likely amount method, as well as early payment discounts and promotional and advertising allowances, which are estimated using the expected value method. We primarily offer assurance-type standard warranties that the product will conform to published specifications for a defined period of time after delivery. These types of warranties do not represent separate performance obligations. We establish provisions for estimated returns and warranties primarily based on contract terms and historical experience, using the expected value method. Certain of our businesses offer extended warranties, which are considered separate performance obligations. Contract Costs - We have elected to apply the practical expedient provided under ASC 606 which allows an entity to expense incremental costs of obtaining or fulfilling a contract when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the entity otherwise would have recorded is one year or less. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight after control over a product has transferred to a customer are accounted for as fulfillment costs and are included in cost of products sold. The net asset recorded for incremental costs incurred to obtain or fulfill contracts, after consideration of the practical expedient mentioned above, is not material to our consolidated financial statements. Nature of Goods and Services, Satisfaction of Performance Obligations, and Payment Terms Our HVAC product lines include package and process cooling equipment and services, residential and commercial boilers, electrical heating and ventilation products, and engineered air movement and handling solutions. Performance obligations for our HVAC product lines relate primarily to the delivery of equipment and components, construction and reconstruction of cooling 72 towers and other components, and providing installation, replacement/spare parts and various other services. Performance obligations related to equipment and components are satisfied at the time of shipment or delivery (i.e., control is transferred at a point in time). The typical length of these contracts is one to three months and payment terms are generally 15 to 60 days after shipment to the customer. Performance obligations for construction and reconstruction of cooling towers and other components, and providing installation and various other services, are typically satisfied through a contract with us to provide a customer-specific solution. The customer typically controls the work in process due to contractual termination clauses whereby we have an enforceable right to recovery of cost incurred, including a reasonable profit for work performed to date, on products or services that do not have an alternative use to us. Additionally, certain projects are performed on customer sites such that the customer controls the asset as it is created or enhanced. As such, performance obligations for these product lines are generally satisfied over time, with the related revenue recorded based on the percentage of costs incurred to date for each contract to the estimated total costs for such contract at completion, as this method best depicts how control of the product or service is being transferred. The length of customer contract for these product lines is generally 6 to 18 months. Revenue for sales of certain engineered components and all replacement/spare parts is recognized upon shipment or delivery (i.e., at a point in time). Payments on longer-term contracts are generally commensurate with milestones defined in the related contract, while payments for the replacement/spare parts contracts typically occur 30 to 60 days after delivery. Our detection and measurement product lines include underground pipe and cable locators, inspection and rehabilitation equipment, robotic systems, transportation systems, communication technologies, and aids to navigation. Performance obligations for these product lines relate to delivery of equipment and components, installation and other short-term services, long-term maintenance and software subscription services, pipeline remediation services and development of robotics, and aids to navigation solutions. Performance obligations for equipment and components generally are satisfied at the time of shipment or delivery (i.e., control is transferred at a point in time). Performance obligations for installation and other short-term services, pipeline remediation, and development of robotics are satisfied over time as the installation or service is performed. Performance obligations for maintenance and software subscription services are satisfied over time, with the related revenue recorded evenly throughout the contract service period as this method best depicts how control of the service is transferred. Payment terms for equipment and components are typically 30 to 60 days after shipment or delivery, while payment for services typically occurs at completion for shorter-term engagements (less than three months in duration) and throughout the service period for longer-term engagements (generally greater than three months in duration). These product lines have varying contract lengths ranging from one to eighteen months (with the longer term contracts generally associated with our aids to navigation systems, transportation systems, and communication technologies product lines), with the typical duration being one to three months . Customer prepayments, progress billings, and retention payments are customary for some of our longer-term contracts. Customer prepayments, progress billings, and retention payments are not considered a significant financing component because they are intended to protect either the customer or ourselves in the event that some or all of the obligations under the contract are not completed. Additionally, most contract assets are expected to convert to accounts receivable, and contract liabilities are expected to convert to revenue, within one year. As such, after applying the practical expedient to exclude potential financing components that are less than one year in duration, we do not have any such financing components. 73 Disaggregated Revenues We disaggregate revenue from contracts with customers by major product line and based on the timing of recognition for each of our reportable segments, as we believe such disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors, with such disaggregation presented below for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Reportable Segments HVAC Detection and Measurement Total Major product lines Package and process cooling equipment and services, and engineered air movement and handling solutions $ 884.0 $ — $ 884.0 Boilers, electrical heating, and ventilation 480.7 — 480.7 Underground locators, inspection and rehabilitation equipment, and robotic systems — 260.9 260.9 Communication technologies, aids to navigation, and transportation systems — 358.3 358.3 $ 1,364.7 $ 619.2 $ 1,983.9 Timing of Revenue Recognition Revenues recognized at a point in time $ 1,249.0 $ 521.5 $ 1,770.5 Revenues recognized over time 115.7 97.7 213.4 $ 1,364.7 $ 619.2 $ 1,983.9 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Reportable Segments HVAC Detection and Measurement Total Major product lines Package and process cooling equipment and services, and engineered air movement solutions $ 683.2 $ — $ 683.2 Boilers, electrical heating, and ventilation 439.1 — 439.1 Underground locators, inspection and rehabilitation equipment, and robotic systems — 264.1 264.1 Communication technologies, aids to navigation, and transportation systems — 354.8 354.8 $ 1,122.3 $ 618.9 $ 1,741.2 Timing of Revenue Recognition Revenues recognized at a point in time $ 1,042.8 $ 525.2 $ 1,568.0 Revenues recognized over time 79.5 93.7 173.2 $ 1,122.3 $ 618.9 $ 1,741.2 74 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Reportable Segments HVAC Detection and Measurement Total Major product lines Package and process cooling equipment and services, and engineered air movement solutions $ 537.0 $ — $ 537.0 Boilers, electrical heating, and ventilation 376.8 — 376.8 Underground locators, inspection and rehabilitation equipment, and robotic systems — 262.1 262.1 Communication technologies, aids to navigation, and transportation systems — 285.0 285.0 $ 913.8 $ 547.1 $ 1,460.9 Timing of Revenue Recognition Revenues recognized at a point in time $ 838.0 $ 455.1 $ 1,293.1 Revenues recognized over time 75.8 92.0 167.8 $ 913.8 $ 547.1 $ 1,460.9 Contract Balances Our customers are invoiced for products and services at the time of delivery or based on contractual milestones, resulting in outstanding receivables with payment terms from these customers (“Contract Accounts Receivable”). In some cases, the timing of revenue recognition, particularly for revenue recognized over time, differs from when such amounts are invoiced to customers, resulting in a contract asset (revenue recognition precedes the invoicing of the related revenue amount) or a contract liability (payment from the customer precedes recognition of the related revenue amount). Contract assets and liabilities are generally classified as current. On a contract-by-contract basis, the contract assets and contract liabilities are reported net within our consolidated balance sheets. Our contract balances consisted of the following as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: Contract Balances December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Change Contract Accounts Receivable (1) $ 305.4 $ 275.4 $ 30.0 Contract Assets 11.3 16.6 ( 5.3 ) Contract Liabilities - current ( 62.3 ) ( 73.5 ) 11.2 Contract Liabilities - non-current (2) ( 4.0 ) ( 4.0 ) — Net contract balance $ 250.4 $ 214.5 $ 35.9 _____________________ (1) Included in “Accounts receivable, net” within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. (2) Included in “Other long-term liabilities” within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The timing of revenue recognition, invoicing and cash collections results in Contract Accounts Receivable, contract assets, and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) on our consolidated balance sheets. In general, we receive payments from customers based on a billing schedule established in our contracts. During the year ended December 31, 2024, changes in contract balances were not materially impacted by any other factors besides the acquisition of Ingénia. At December 31, 2024, Contract Account Receivables and current contract liabilities attributable to Ingénia were $ 17.1 and $ 0.1 , respectively. During 2024, we recognized revenues of $ 54.4 related to our contract liabilities at December 31, 2023. (6) Leases Summarized below is our policy under, as well as the various other disclosures required by, ASC 842. We have elected to account for lease agreements with lease and non-lease components as a single component for all leases. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on our consolidated balance sheets and we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We review if an arrangement is a lease at inception and conclude whether the contract contains an identified asset if we have the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefit and direct the use of the asset. Operating leases with right-of-use (“ROU”) assets are reflected within “Other assets,” “Accrued expenses,” and “Other long-term liabilities” within our 75 consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in “Property, plant and equipment,” “Current maturities of long-term debt,” and “Long-term debt.” ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and the related liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. These payments include renewal options when reasonably certain to be exercised, and exclude termination options. As none of our leases provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any prepaid lease payments and excludes lease incentives. We have operating and finance leases for facilities, equipment, and vehicles. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to 10 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 5 years, and some of which include options to terminate the lease within one year . We rent or sublease certain space within our facilities to third parties under operating leases, with the impact of these lease arrangements being immaterial to our consolidated financial statements. The components of lease expense were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Operating lease cost (1) $ 16.5 $ 15.7 Variable lease cost 0.4 0.4 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets $ 0.4 $ 0.5 Interest on lease liabilities — — Total finance lease cost $ 0.4 $ 0.5 __________________________ (1) Includes short-term lease cost of $ 2.9 and $ 3.5 , for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively . Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows used in operating leases $ 13.5 $ 12.1 Operating cash flows from finance leases — — Financing cash flows used in finance leases 0.4 0.5 Non-cash activities: Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations 27.7 6.3 Finance lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations 1.1 0.3 76 Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Operating Leases: Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Balance Sheets Operating lease ROU assets $ 57.9 $ 42.4 Other assets Operating lease current liabilities $ 11.1 $ 11.3 Accrued expenses Operating lease non-current liabilities 44.5 28.5 Other long-term liabilities Total operating lease liabilities $ 55.6 $ 39.8 Finance Leases: Finance lease assets $ 1.2 $ 0.5 Property, plant and equipment, net Finance lease current liabilities $ 0.3 $ 0.3 Current maturities of long-term debt Finance lease non-current liabilities 0.9 0.2 Long-term debt Total finance lease liabilities $ 1.2 $ 0.5 The weighted-average remaining lease terms (years) of our leases as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Operating Leases 5.8 5.5 Finance Leases 3.3 1.9 The discount rate utilized to determine the present value of lease payments over the lease term is our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease commencement date. In developing the incremental borrowing rate, we considered the interest rate that reflects a term similar to the underlying lease term on a fully collateralized basis. We concluded to apply the incremental borrowing rate at a consolidated portfolio level using a five-year term, as the results did not materially differ upon further stratification. The weighted-average discount rate for our operating leases was 4.1 % and 3.2 % at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and finance leases was 4.9 % and 3.9 % at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The future minimum payments under our operating and finance leases were as follows as of December 31, 2024: Operating Leases Finance Leases Total Next 12 months $ 13.2 $ 0.3 $ 13.5 12 to 24 months 11.9 0.4 12.3 24 to 36 months 11.2 0.3 11.5 36 to 48 months 10.3 0.2 10.5 48 to 60 months 8.9 0.1 9.0 Thereafter 7.4 — 7.4 Total lease payments 62.9 1.3 64.2 Less imputed interest 7.3 0.1 7.4 Total $ 55.6 $ 1.2 $ 56.8 77 (7) Information on Reportable Segments We are a global supplier of highly specialized, engineered solutions with operations in over 15 countries and sales in over 100 countries around the world. In determining our reportable segments, we apply the threshold criteria of the Segment Reporting Topic of the Codification. We have aggregated our operating segments into the following two reportable segments: HVAC and Detection and Measurement. The factors considered in determining our aggregated segments are the economic similarity of the businesses, the nature of products sold or services provided, production processes, types of customers, distribution methods, and regulatory environment. Our CODM, the President and Chief Executive Officer, uses revenue and segment income to evaluate the results of each operating segment. Segment Income is determined before considering, if applicable, impairments and special charges, long-term incentive compensation, certain other operating income/expense, other indirect corporate expenses, intangible asset amortization expense, inventory step-up charges, and certain other acquisition and integration-related costs. There have been no changes in the basis of segmentation or measurement of Segment Income during 2024. Our CODM assesses revenue and Segment Income performance in comparison to prior years, previously forecasted results, and anticipated/experienced market trends when determining how to allocate operating and capital resources. The only significant segment expense categories reviewed by our CODM are total selling, general, and administrative expense and cost of products sold. Our CODM does not review asset or liability information for our operating segments as this information is not used to assess performance or allocate resources. HVAC Reportable Segment Our HVAC reportable segment engineers, designs, manufactures, installs and services package and process cooling products and engineered air movement and handling solutions for the HVAC industrial, commercial, data center, and power generation markets, as well as boilers and electrical heating and ventilation products for the residential, industrial, and commercial markets. The primary distribution channels for the segment’s products are direct to customers, independent manufacturing representatives, third-party distributors, and retailers. The segment serves a global customer base in North America, Europe, and Asia. Detection and Measurement Reportable Segment Our Detection and Measurement reportable segment engineers, designs, manufactures, services, and installs underground pipe and cable locators, inspection and rehabilitation equipment, robotic systems, transportation systems, communication technologies, and aids to navigation. The primary distribution channels for the segment’s products are direct to customers and third-party distributors. The segment serves a global customer base in North America, Europe, Africa and Asia. Corporate Expense Corporate expense generally relates to the personnel and general operating costs of our corporate headquarters based in Charlotte, North Carolina. 78 Financial data for our reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were as follows: 2024 2023 2022 HVAC reportable segment Revenues $ 1,364.7 $ 1,122.3 $ 913.8 Cost of products sold 843.8 712.8 636.0 Selling, general and administrative expense 197.0 175.1 142.3 Segment income $ 323.9 $ 234.4 $ 135.5 Detection and Measurement reportable segment Revenues $ 619.2 $ 618.9 $ 547.1 Cost of products sold 338.9 354.8 299.9 Selling, general and administrative expense 143.6 145.3 133.1 Segment income $ 136.7 $ 118.8 $ 114.1 Consolidated revenues $ 1,983.9 $ 1,741.2 $ 1,460.9 Consolidated income for segments 460.6 353.2 249.6 Corporate expense 53.6 58.4 68.6 Acquisition-related and other costs (1) 7.2 5.8 1.9 Long-term incentive compensation expense 15.0 13.4 10.9 Amortization of acquired intangible assets 64.5 43.9 28.5 Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets (2) — — 13.4 Special charges, net 3.6 0.8 0.4 Other operating expense, net (3) 8.4 9.0 74.9 Consolidated operating income $ 308.3 $ 221.9 $ 51.0 Capital expenditures: HVAC reportable segment $ 31.9 $ 17.6 $ 10.1 Detection and Measurement reportable segment 5.5 5.4 4.6 General corporate 0.6 0.9 1.2 Total capital expenditures $ 38.0 $ 23.9 $ 15.9 Depreciation and amortization: HVAC reportable segment $ 64.7 $ 37.1 $ 20.5 Detection and Measurement reportable segment 24.4 23.7 23.5 General corporate 2.5 2.4 2.4 Total depreciation and amortization $ 91.6 $ 63.2 $ 46.4 Geographic Areas: Revenues: (4) United States $ 1,640.8 $ 1,454.1 $ 1,223.5 Canada 111.3 48.4 17.3 China 64.9 53.7 51.0 United Kingdom 90.9 96.3 96.5 Other 76.0 88.7 72.6 $ 1,983.9 $ 1,741.2 $ 1,460.9 Tangible Long-Lived Assets: United States $ 275.5 $ 292.4 $ 275.0 Canada 83.3 11.9 3.3 Other 25.7 29.1 31.7 Long-lived assets of continuing operations 384.5 333.4 310.0 Long-lived assets of discontinued operations, DBT and Heat Transfer — 0.2 19.3 Total tangible long-lived assets $ 384.5 $ 333.6 $ 329.3 _______________________________________________________________ (1) Represents integration costs incurred in connection with acquisitions of $ 7.2 , $ 5.8 , and $ 1.9 , including additional “Cost of products sold” related to the step-up of inventory (to fair value) acquired in connection with these acquisitions of $ 1.8 , $ 3.6 and $ 1.1 , during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 79 (2) The year ended December 31, 2022 includes impairment charges of $ 12.9 related to the goodwill and trademarks of our ULC Robotics (“ULC”) business and $ 0.5 related to certain other trademarks. (3) The year ended December 31, 2024 includes a charge of $ 8.4 related to a settlement with the seller of ULC regarding additional contingent consideration. The year ended December 31, 2023 includes a charge of $ 9.0 related to the resolution of a dispute with a former representative at one of our businesses within the Detection and Measurement reportable segment . The year ended December 31, 2022 includes a loss on the Asbestos Portfolio Sale of $ 73.9 , as well as charges of $ 2.3 for asbestos product liability matters incurred prior to the Asbestos Portfolio Sale, partially offset by a reduction in the fair value/liability associated with contingent consideration related to the acquisition of Enterprise Control Systems Ltd (“ECS”), which was completed in 2021, of $ 1.3 . (4) Revenues are included in the above geographic areas based on the country that recorded the revenue. (8) Special Charges, Net As part of our business strategy, we periodically right-size and consolidate operations to improve long-term results. Additionally, from time to time, we alter our business model to better serve customer demand, discontinue lower-margin product lines and rationalize and consolidate manufacturing capacity. Our restructuring and integration decisions are based, in part, on discounted cash flows and are designed to achieve our goals of reducing structural footprint and maximizing profitability. As a result of our strategic review process, we recorded net special charges of $ 3.6 in 2024, $ 0.8 in 2023, and $ 0.4 in 2022. These net special charges were primarily related to restructuring initiatives to consolidate manufacturing and sales facilities, reduce workforce, and rationalize certain product lines. The components of the charges have been computed based on actual cash payouts, including severance and other employee benefits based on existing severance policies, local laws, and other estimated exit costs, and our estimate of the realizable value of the affected tangible assets. Impairments of long-lived assets, which represent non-cash asset write-downs, typically arise from business restructuring decisions that lead to the disposition of assets no longer required in the restructured business. For these situations, we recognize a loss when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Fair values for assets subject to impairment testing are determined primarily by management, taking into consideration various factors including third-party appraisals, quoted market prices and previous experience. If an asset remains in service at the decision date, the asset is written down to its fair value and the resulting net book value is depreciated over its remaining economic useful life. When we commit to a plan to sell an asset, including the initiation of a plan to locate a buyer, and it is probable that the asset will be sold within one year based on its current condition and sales price, depreciation of the asset is discontinued and the asset is classified as an asset held for sale. The asset is written down to its fair value less any selling costs. Liabilities for exit costs, including, among other things, severance, other employee benefit costs, and operating lease obligations on idle facilities, are measured initially at their fair value and recorded when incurred. We anticipate that the liabilities related to restructuring actions will be paid within one year from the period in which the action was initiated. Special charges for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are described in more detail below and in the applicable sections that follow: Years Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Employee termination costs $ 2.4 $ 0.8 $ 0.1 Facility consolidation costs 0.3 — — Non-cash asset write-downs 0.9 — 0.3 Total $ 3.6 $ 0.8 $ 0.4 80 2024 Charges: Employee Termination Costs Facility Consolidation Costs Non-Cash Asset Write-downs Total Special Charges HVAC reportable segment $ 1.2 $ — $ 0.7 $ 1.9 Detection and Measurement reportable segment 1.2 0.3 0.2 1.7 Corporate — — — — Total $ 2.4 $ 0.3 $ 0.9 $ 3.6 HVAC – Charges for 2024 related primarily to recording severance costs associated with restructuring actions at three of the segment’s cooling businesses and one of the segment’s electrical heating businesses. These actions resulted in the termination of 34 employees. In addition, the actions resulted in asset impairment charges associated with the relocation of certain operations within one of the segment’s electrical heating businesses. Detection & Measurement – Charges for 2024 related primarily to recording severance costs associated with restructuring actions at the segment’s location and inspection and aids to navigation businesses. These actions resulted in the termination of 9 employees. In addition, the actions resulted in operating lease termination costs and asset impairment charges associated with relocation of certain operations within one of the segment’s location and inspection businesses. 2023 Charges: Employee Termination Costs Facility Consolidation Costs Non-Cash Asset Write-downs Total Special Charges HVAC reportable segment $ 0.1 $ — $ — $ 0.1 Detection and Measurement reportable segment 0.7 — — 0.7 Corporate — — — — Total $ 0.8 $ — $ — $ 0.8 HVAC – Charges for 2023 related to severance costs associated with a restructuring action at one of the segment’s cooling businesses. This action resulted in the termination of 1 employee. Detection & Measurement – Charges for 2023 related to severance costs associated with a restructuring action at one of the segment’s location and inspection businesses. This action resulted in the termination of 14 employees. 2022 Charges: Employee Termination Costs Facility Consolidation Costs Non-Cash Asset Write-downs Total Special Charges HVAC reportable segment $ 0.1 $ — $ — $ 0.1 Detection and Measurement reportable segment — — 0.3 0.3 Corporate — — — — Total $ 0.1 $ — $ 0.3 $ 0.4 HVAC — Charges for 2022 related to severance costs associated with a restructuring action at one of the segment’s cooling businesses. This action resulted in the termination of 2 employees. Detection & Measurement — Charges for 2022 related to asset impairment charges associated with the relocation of certain operations at the segment’s aids to navigation business. 81 The following is an analysis of our restructuring liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022: 2024 2023 2022 Balance at beginning of year $ 0.7 $ — $ 0.3 Special charges (1) 2.7 0.8 0.1 Utilization — cash ( 1.6 ) ( 0.1 ) ( 0.4 ) Balance at the end of year $ 1.8 $ 0.7 $ — ___________________________________________________________________ (1) The year ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 excluded $ 0.9 , $ 0.0 , $ 0.3 , respectively, of non-cash charges that impacted special charges but not the restructuring liabilities. (9) Inventories, Net Inventories are accounted for under the first-in, first-out method and are comprised of the following at December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Finished goods $ 68.5 $ 79.4 Work in process 32.3 31.4 Raw materials and purchased parts 170.2 165.9 Total inventories $ 271.0 $ 276.7 Inventories include material, labor and factory overhead costs and are reduced, when necessary, to estimated net realizable values. (10) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, for the year ended December 31, 2024, were as follows: December 31, 2023 Goodwill Resulting from Business Combinations (1) Impairments Foreign Currency Translation December 31, 2024 HVAC reportable segment Gross goodwill $ 777.8 $ 148.0 $ — $ ( 18.5 ) $ 907.3 Accumulated impairments ( 331.9 ) — — 5.3 ( 326.6 ) Goodwill 445.9 148.0 — ( 13.2 ) 580.7 Detection and Measurement reportable segment Gross goodwill 432.6 — — ( 6.0 ) 426.6 Accumulated impairments ( 173.7 ) — — 0.9 ( 172.8 ) Goodwill 258.9 — — ( 5.1 ) 253.8 Total Gross goodwill 1,210.4 148.0 — ( 24.5 ) 1,333.9 Accumulated impairments ( 505.6 ) — — 6.2 ( 499.4 ) Goodwill $ 704.8 $ 148.0 $ — $ ( 18.3 ) $ 834.5 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Reflects (i) goodwill acquired with the Ingénia acquisition of $ 142.4 and (ii) an increase in ASPEQ ’ s and TAMCO ’ s goodwill of $ 3.9 and $ 1.7 , respectively, resulting from revisions to the valuation of certain assets and liabilities. 82 The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill, for the year ended December 31, 2023, were as follows: December 31, 2022 Goodwill Resulting from Business Combinations (1) Impairments Foreign Currency Translation December 31, 2023 HVAC reportable segment Gross goodwill $ 529.5 $ 242.4 $ — $ 5.9 $ 777.8 Accumulated impairments ( 328.2 ) — — ( 3.7 ) ( 331.9 ) Goodwill 201.3 242.4 — 2.2 445.9 Detection and Measurement reportable segment Gross goodwill 425.2 0.8 — 6.6 432.6 Accumulated impairments ( 171.2 ) — — ( 2.5 ) ( 173.7 ) Goodwill 254.0 0.8 — 4.1 258.9 Total Gross goodwill 954.7 243.2 — 12.5 1,210.4 Accumulated impairments ( 499.4 ) — — ( 6.2 ) ( 505.6 ) Goodwill $ 455.3 $ 243.2 $ — $ 6.3 $ 704.8 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Reflects (i) goodwill acquired with the ASPEQ and TAMCO acquisitions of $ 191.1 and $ 51.3 , respectively, and (ii) an increase in ITL ’ s goodwill of $ 0.8 resulting from revisions to the valuation of certain assets and liabilities. Identifiable intangible assets were as follows: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Gross Carrying Value Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Value Gross Carrying Value Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Value Intangible assets with determinable lives: (1) Customer relationships $ 421.1 $ ( 103.3 ) $ 317.8 $ 403.2 $ ( 68.8 ) $ 334.4 Technology 181.7 ( 41.3 ) 140.4 139.5 ( 27.8 ) 111.7 Patents 4.5 ( 4.5 ) — 4.5 ( 4.5 ) — Other 71.0 ( 45.7 ) 25.3 45.4 ( 32.0 ) 13.4 678.3 ( 194.8 ) 483.5 592.6 ( 133.1 ) 459.5 Trademarks with indefinite lives 219.5 — 219.5 221.3 — 221.3 Total $ 897.8 $ ( 194.8 ) $ 703.0 $ 813.9 $ ( 133.1 ) $ 680.8 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) The gross carrying value of identifiable intangible assets acquired with the Ingénia acquisition consist of technology of $ 46.7 , customer relationships of $ 23.5 , definite-lived trademarks of $ 13.9 , and backlog of $ 13.8 . Amortization expense was $ 64.5 , $ 43.9 and $ 28.5 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Estimated amortization expense is approximately $ 57.0 for 2025, $ 53.0 for 2026, $ 52.0 for 2027, $ 51.0 for 2028, and $ 50.0 for 2029. At December 31, 2024, the net carrying value of intangible assets with determinable lives consisted of $ 379.4 in the HVAC reportable segment and $ 104.1 in the Detection and Measurement reportable segment. Trademarks with indefinite lives consisted of $ 156.5 in the HVAC reportable segment and $ 63.0 in the Detection and Measurement reportable segment. As indicated in Note 1, we review goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually during the fourth quarter. In addition, we test goodwill for impairment on a more frequent basis if there are indications of potential impairment. In reviewing goodwill for impairment, we initially perform a qualitative analysis. If there is an indication of impairment, we then perform a quantitative analysis. Our quantitative analysis of trademarks is based on applying estimated royalty rates to projected revenues, with resulting cash flows discounted at a rate of return that reflects current market conditions. 83 During the fourth quarter of 2024, we performed our analyses on the goodwill of our reporting units. The fair value of the assets related to the Ingénia acquisition approximate their carrying value. If Ingénia is unable to achieve its current financial forecast, or there is a change in assumptions used in Ingénia’s analysis (e.g., projected revenues and profit growth rates, discount rates, industry price multiples, etc.), we may be required to record an impairment charge in a future period related to its goodwill. As of December 31, 2024, Ingénia’s goodwill totaled $ 133.6 . During the fourth quarter of 2024, in connection with the annual impairment analyses of indefinite-lived intangible assets, we determined that the implied value of ASPEQ’s trademarks approximated their carrying value. If ASPEQ is unable to achieve its current revenue forecast, or there is a change in assumptions used in ASPEQ’s analysis (e.g., projected revenues and discount rates, etc.), we may be required to record an impairment charge in a future period related to its trademarks. As of December 31, 2024, ASPEQ’s trademarks totaled $ 51.5 . During the fourth quarter of 2022, in connection with the annual impairment analyses of ULC’s goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, we determined that the carrying value of ULC’s net assets exceeded the implied fair value of the business, resulting in an impairment charge of $ 12.9 , with $ 12.0 related to goodwill and $ 0.9 to the ULC trademarks. After such impairment charge, ULC has no remaining goodwill and $ 5.4 of trademarks included in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024. During 2024, 2023, and 2022, we recorded impairment charges of $ 0.0 , $ 0.0 , and $ 0.5 , respectively, related to certain other trademarks. (11) Employee Benefit Plans Overview — Defined benefit pension plans cover a portion of our salaried and hourly paid employees, including certain employees in foreign countries. Beginning in 2001, we discontinued providing these pension benefits generally to newly hired employees. Effective January 31, 2018, we discontinued providing service credits to active participants. We have domestic postretirement plans that provide health and life insurance benefits to certain retirees and their dependents. Beginning in 2003, we discontinued providing these postretirement benefits generally to newly hired employees. The plan year-end date for all our plans is December 31. Actuarial Gains and Losses — As indicated in Notes 1 and 2, changes in fair value of plan assets and actuarial gains and losses related to our pension and postretirement plans are recorded to earnings during the fourth quarter of each year, unless earlier remeasurement is required. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we initiated the wind-up of our Canadian defined benefit pension plans (collectively, the “ Canadian Pension Plans ” ). Th e Company has received regulatory approval for the wind-up and we expect the process to be completed during 2025. This action had no material impact on the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Defined Benefit Pension Plans Plan assets — Our investment strategy is based on the long-term growth and protection of principal while mitigating overall risk to ensure that funds are available to pay benefit obligations. The domestic plan assets are invested in a broad range of investment classes, including fixed income securities and domestic and international equities. We engage various investment managers who are regularly evaluated on long-term performance, adherence to investment guidelines and the ability to manage risk commensurate with the investment style and objective for which they were hired. We continuously monitor the value of assets by class and routinely rebalance our portfolio with the goal of meeting our target allocations. The strategy for bonds emphasizes investment-grade corporate and government debt with maturities matching the longer duration pension liabilities. The bonds strategy also includes a high yield element, although minimal, which is generally shorter in duration. The strategy for equity assets is to minimize concentrations of risk by investing primarily in companies in a diversified mix of industries worldwide, while targeting neutrality in exposure to global versus regional markets, fund types and fund managers. A small portion of U.S. plan assets is allocated to private equity partnerships and real estate asset fund investments (Level 3 assets) for diversification, providing opportunities for above market returns. Allowable investments under the plan agreements include fixed income securities, equity securities, mutual funds, venture capital funds, real estate and cash and equivalents. In addition, investments in futures and option contracts, commodities and other derivatives are allowed in commingled fund allocations managed by professional investment managers. Investments prohibited under the plan agreements include private placements and short selling of stock. No shares of our common stock were held by our defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2024 or 2023. 84 Actual asset allocation percentages of each class of our domestic and foreign pension plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, along with the current targeted asset investment allocation percentages, each of which is based on the midpoint of an allocation range, were as follows: Domestic Pension Plans Actual Allocations Mid-point of Target Allocation Range 2024 2023 2024 Fixed income common trust funds 66 % 53 % 66 % Commingled global fund allocation 5 % 4 % 5 % Global equity common trust funds 19 % 19 % 20 % U.S. Government securities 8 % 20 % 9 % Short-term investments and other (1) 2 % 4 % — % Total 100 % 100 % 100 % ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Short-term investments are generally invested in actively managed common trust funds or interest-bearing accounts. Foreign Pension Plans Actual Allocations Mid-point of Target Allocation Range 2024 2023 2024 Global equity common trust funds 6 % 3 % 6 % Fixed income common trust funds 76 % 73 % 85 % Commingled global fund allocation 10 % 15 % 9 % Short-term investments (1) 8 % 9 % — % Total 100 % 100 % 100 % ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Short-term investments are generally invested in actively managed common trust funds or interest-bearing accounts. The fair values of pension plan assets at December 31, 2024, by asset class, were as follows: Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Asset class: Debt securities: Fixed income common trust funds (1) (2) $ 179.2 $ — $ 179.2 $ — U.S. Government securities 13.1 — 13.1 — Equity securities: Global equity common trust funds (1) (3) 35.2 — 35.2 — Alternative investments: Commingled global fund allocations (1) (4) 16.8 — 16.8 — Other: Short-term investments (5) 10.6 4.3 6.3 — Other 0.9 — — 0.9 Total $ 255.8 $ 4.3 $ 250.6 $ 0.9 85 The fair values of pension plan assets at December 31, 2023, by asset class, were as follows: Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Asset class: Debt securities: Fixed income common trust funds (1) (2) $ 180.3 $ — $ 180.3 $ — U.S. Government securities 34.4 — 34.4 — Equity securities: Global equity common trust funds (1) (3) 36.4 — 36.4 — Alternative Investments: Commingled global fund allocations (1) (4) 26.1 — 26.1 — Other: Short-term investments (5) 17.4 14.7 2.7 — Other 0.9 — — 0.9 Total $ 295.5 $ 14.7 $ 279.9 $ 0.9 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Common/commingled trust funds are similar to mutual funds, with a daily net asset value per share measured by the fund sponsor and used as the basis for current transactions. These investments, however, are not registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and participation is not open to the public. The funds are valued at the net asset value per share multiplied by the number of shares held as of the measurement date. (2) This class represents investments in actively managed common trust funds that invest in a variety of fixed income investments, which may include corporate bonds, both U.S. and non-U.S. municipal and government securities, interest rate swaps, options and futures. (3) This class represents investments in actively managed common trust funds that invest primarily in equity securities, which may include common stocks, options and futures. (4) This class represents investments in actively managed common trust funds with investments in both equity and debt securities. The investments may include common stock, corporate bonds, U.S. and non-U.S. municipal securities, interest rate swaps, options and futures. (5) Amounts are generally invested in actively managed common trust funds or interest-bearing accounts. Employer Contributions — We currently fund U.S. pension plans in amounts equal to the minimum funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, plus additional amounts that may be approved from time to time. During 2024 , we made no contributions to our qualified do mestic pension plans and made direct benefit payments of $ 5.5 to our non-qualified domestic pension plans. In 2025, we expect to make contributions of $ 2.0 to our qualified domestic pension plans and expect to make direct benefit payments of $ 5.0 to our non-qualif ied domestic pension plans. In 2024, we made contr ibut ions of $ 1.6 to our foreign pension plans. In 2025, we expect to make contributions of $ 1.2 to our foreign pension plans. 86 Estimated Future Benefit Payments — Following is a summary, as of December 31, 2024, of the estimated future benefit payments for our pension plans in each of the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for five fiscal years thereafter. Benefit payments are paid from plan assets or directly by us for our non-funded plans. The expected benefit payments are estimated based on the same assumptions used at December 31, 2024 to measure our obligations. Estimated future benefit payments: (Domestic and foreign pension plans) Domestic Pension Benefits Foreign Pension Benefits 2025 (1) $ 25.8 $ 30.7 2026 25.7 4.0 2027 24.1 4.3 2028 22.2 4.2 2029 21.9 4.2 Subsequent five years 86.8 25.4 _________________________ (1) Payments for the foreign pension plans include amounts payable of $ 26.5 in connection with the Canadian Pension Plans wind-up mentioned above. Obligations and Funded Status — The funded status of our pension plans is dependent upon many factors, including returns on invested assets and the level of market interest rates. Our non-funded pension plans account for $ 42.8 of the current underfunded status, as these plans are not required to be funded. The following tables show the domestic and foreign pension plans’ funded status and amounts recognized in our consolidated balance sheets: Domestic Pension Plans Foreign Pension Plans 2024 2023 2024 2023 Change in projected benefit obligation: Projected benefit obligation — beginning of year $ 245.7 $ 246.9 $ 120.2 $ 109.5 Service cost — — — — Interest cost 12.1 13.0 5.6 5.6 Actuarial (gains) losses ( 6.1 ) 7.6 ( 7.4 ) 5.4 Settlements ( 0.2 ) — — — Benefits paid ( 25.4 ) ( 21.8 ) ( 15.6 ) ( 6.6 ) Foreign exchange and other — — ( 3.3 ) 6.3 Projected benefit obligation — end of year $ 226.1 $ 245.7 $ 99.5 $ 120.2 The actuarial gains and losses for all pension plans in 2024 and 2023 were primarily related to a change in the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligations of those plans. 87 Domestic Pension Plans Foreign Pension Plans 2024 2023 2024 2023 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets — beginning of year $ 171.3 $ 176.8 $ 124.2 $ 115.9 Actual return on plan assets 1.3 10.9 ( 2.4 ) 6.9 Contributions (employer and employee) 5.5 5.4 1.6 1.8 Settlements ( 0.2 ) — — — Benefits paid ( 25.4 ) ( 21.8 ) ( 15.6 ) ( 6.6 ) Foreign exchange and other — — ( 4.5 ) 6.2 Fair value of plan assets — end of year $ 152.5 $ 171.3 $ 103.3 $ 124.2 Funded status at year-end $ ( 73.6 ) $ ( 74.4 ) $ 3.8 $ 4.0 Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Other assets $ 1.7 $ 1.9 $ 3.9 $ 4.1 Accrued expenses ( 4.9 ) ( 5.1 ) — — Other long-term liabilities ( 70.4 ) ( 71.2 ) ( 0.1 ) ( 0.1 ) Net amount recognized $ ( 73.6 ) $ ( 74.4 ) $ 3.8 $ 4.0 Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (pre-tax) consists of — net prior service costs $ — $ — $ 1.0 $ 1.0 The following is information about our pension plans that had accumulated benefit obligations in excess of the fair value of their plan assets at December 31, 2024 and 2023: Domestic Pension Plans Foreign Pension Plans 2024 2023 2024 2023 Projected benefit obligation $ 221.7 $ 241.1 $ 0.1 $ 0.1 Accumulated benefit obligation 221.7 241.1 0.1 0.1 Fair value of plan assets 146.4 164.8 — — The accumulated benefit obligation for all domestic and foreign pension plans w as $ 226.1 and $ 99.5 , res pectively, at December 31, 2024 and $ 245.7 and $ 120.2 , respectively, at December 31, 2023. Components of Net Periodic Pension Benefit (Income) Expense — Net periodic pension benefit (income) expense for our domestic and foreign pension plans included the following components: Domestic Pension Plans Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Service cost $ — $ — $ — Interest cost 12.1 13.0 10.5 Expected return on plan assets ( 8.8 ) ( 8.8 ) ( 8.2 ) Amortization of unrecognized prior service credits — — ( 0.1 ) Recognized net actuarial (gains) losses (1) 1.4 5.6 ( 1.6 ) Total net periodic pension benefit expense $ 4.7 $ 9.8 $ 0.6 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Consists primarily of our reported actuarial (gains) losses, the difference between actual and expected returns on plan assets, and settlement losses. 88 Foreign Pension Plans Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Service cost $ — $ — $ — Interest cost 5.6 5.6 3.7 Expected return on plan assets ( 5.1 ) ( 6.4 ) ( 5.6 ) Amortization of unrecognized prior service costs — — 0.1 Recognized net actuarial losses (1) 1.1 5.5 6.4 Total net periodic pension benefit expense $ 1.6 $ 4.7 $ 4.6 ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Consists primarily of our reported actuarial losses and the difference between actual and expected returns on plan assets. Assumptions — Actuarial assumptions used in accounting for our domestic and foreign pension plans were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Domestic Pension Plans Weighted-average actuarial assumptions used in determining net periodic pension expense: Discount rate (1) 5.18 % 5.54 % 3.99 % Rate of increase in compensation levels N/A N/A N/A Expected long-term rate of return on assets 5.47 % 5.23 % 3.23 % Weighted-average actuarial assumptions used in determining year-end benefit obligations: Discount rate 5.57 % 5.18 % 5.54 % Rate of increase in compensation levels N/A N/A N/A Foreign Pension Plans Weighted-average actuarial assumptions used in determining net periodic pension expense: Discount rate 4.83 % 5.15 % 2.19 % Rate of increase in compensation levels N/A N/A N/A Expected long-term rate of return on assets 5.20 % 6.08 % 3.44 % Weighted-average actuarial assumptions used in determining year-end benefit obligations: Discount rate 5.46 % 4.83 % 5.15 % Rate of increase in compensation levels N/A N/A N/A ___________________________________________________________________ (1) The discount rate for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes adjustments due to remeasurements in the U.S. Plan during the second and third quarters of 2022. We review the pension assumptions annually. Pension income or expense for the year is determined using assumptions as of the beginning of the year (except for the effects of recognizing changes in the fair value of plan assets and actuarial gains and losses in the fourth quarter of each year), while the funded status is determined using assumptions as of the end of the year. We determined assumptions and established them at the respective balance sheet date using the following principles: (i) the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is established based on forward looking long-term expectations of asset returns over the expected period to fund participant benefits based on the target investment mix of our plans and (ii) the discount rate is primarily determined by matching the expected projected benefit obligation cash flows for each of the plans to a yield curve that is representative of long-term, high-quality (rated AA or higher) fixed income debt instruments as of the measurement date. Postretirement Benefit Plans Transfer of Retiree Life Insurance Benefits — On February 17, 2022, we transferred a portion of our existing liability under the SPX Postretirement Benefit Plans (the “Plans”) for a group of participants with retiree life insurance benefits to an insurance carrier for consideration paid to the insurance carrier of $ 10.0 . This transaction resulted in a settlement loss of $ 0.7 recorded to 89 “Other expense, net” during 2022. In addition, and in connection with this transfer, we remeasured the assets and liabilities of the Plans as of the transfer date, which resulted in an actuarial gain of $ 0.4 recorded to “Other expense, net”. Employer Contributions and Future Benefit Payments — Our postretirement medical plans are unfunded and have no plan assets, but are instead funded by us on a pay-as-you-go basis in the form of direct benefit payments or policy premium payments. In 2024, we made benefit payments of $ 4.0 to our p ostretirement benefit plans. Following is a summary, as of December 31, 2024, of the estimated future benefit payments for our postretirement plans in each of the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for five fiscal years thereafter. The expected benefit payments are estimated based on the same assumptions used at December 31, 2024 to measure our obligations. Postretirement Payments 2025 $ 3.4 2026 3.1 2027 2.8 2028 2.5 2029 2.3 Subsequent five years 13.3 Obligations and Funded Status — The following tables show the postretirement plans’ funded status and amounts recognized in our consolidated balance sheets: Postretirement Plans 2024 2023 Change in projected postretirement benefit obligation: Projected postretirement benefit obligation — beginning of year $ 29.7 $ 32.1 Interest cost 1.2 1.4 Actuarial losses 0.1 0.2 Benefits paid ( 4.0 ) ( 4.0 ) Projected postretirement benefit obligation — end of year $ 27.0 $ 29.7 Funded status at year-end $ ( 27.0 ) $ ( 29.7 ) Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Accrued expenses $ ( 3.3 ) $ ( 3.6 ) Other long-term liabilities ( 23.7 ) ( 26.1 ) Net amount recognized $ ( 27.0 ) $ ( 29.7 ) Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (pre-tax) consists of — net prior service credits $ ( 4.1 ) $ ( 7.2 ) The actuarial losses for our postretirement benefit plans in 2024 and 2023 were prim arily related to a change in the discount rate used to measure the benefit obligations of those plans. The net periodic postretirement benefit income included the following components: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Service cost $ — $ — $ — Interest cost 1.2 1.4 1.1 Amortization of unrecognized prior service credits ( 3.1 ) ( 3.9 ) ( 4.4 ) Settlement loss (1) — — 0.7 Recognized net actuarial (gains) losses 0.1 0.2 ( 7.0 ) Net periodic postretirement benefit income $ ( 1.8 ) $ ( 2.3 ) $ ( 9.6 ) ___________________________________________________________________ (1) Relates to the transfer of the retiree life insurance benefits obligation. 90 Actuarial assumptions used in accounting for our domestic postretirement plans were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Assumed health care cost trend rates: Health care cost trend rate for next year 6.50 % 6.75 % 7.00 % Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate) 5.00 % 5.00 % 5.00 % Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate 2031 2031 2031 Discount rate used in determining net periodic postretirement benefit expense (1) 5.16 % 5.50 % 2.84 % Discount rate used in determining year-end postretirement benefit obligation 5.48 % 5.16 % 5.50 % _______________________________________ (1) The discount rate for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes an adjustment due to a remeasurement in the Plans that took place in the first quarter of 2022. The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation was determined using the terms and conditions of our various plans, together with relevant actuarial assumptions and health care cost trend rates. It is our policy to review the postretirement assumptions annually. The assumptions are determined by us and are established based on our prior experience and our expectations that future health care cost trend rates will decline. In addition, we consider advice from independent actuaries. Defined Contribution Retirement Plans We maintain a defined contribution retirement plan (the “DC Plan”) pursuant to Section 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Under the DC Plan, eligible U.S. employees may voluntarily contribute up to 50 % of their compensation into the DC Plan and we match a portion of participating employees’ contributions. Our matching contributions are primarily made in newly issued shares of SPX common stock and are issued at the prevailing market price. The matching contributions vest with the employee immediately upon the date of the match and there are no restrictions on the resale of SPX common stock held by employees. Under the DC Plan, we c ontribute d 0.084 , 0.127 and 0.149 shares of our common stock to employee accounts in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Compensation expense is recorded based on the market value of shares as the shares are contributed to employee accounts. We recorded $ 10.9 i n 2024, $ 9.8 in 2023, and $ 7.8 in 2022, as compensation expense related to the matching contribution. Certain collectively-bargained employees participate in the DC Plan with company contributions not being made in SPX common stock, although SPX common stock is offered as an investment option under these plans. We also maintain a Supplemental Retirement Savings Plan (“SRSP”), which permits certain members of our senior management and executive groups to defer eligible compensation in excess of the amounts allowed under the DC Plan. We match a portion of participating employees’ deferrals to the extent allowable under the SRSP provisions. The matching contributions vest with the participant immediately. Our funding of the participants’ deferrals and our matching contributions are held in certain mutual funds (as allowed under the SRSP), as directed by the participant. The fair values of these assets, which totaled $ 16.2 and $ 14.0 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, are based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1). In addition, the assets under the SRSP are available to the general creditors in the event of our bankruptcy and, thus, are maintained on our consolidated balance sheets within “Other assets,” with a corresponding amount in “Other long-term liabilities” for our obligation to the participants. Lastly, these assets are accounted for as trading securities. During 2024, 2023, and 2022, we recorded compensation expense of $ 0.4 , $ 0.2 , and $ 0.2 , respectively relating to our matching contributions to the SRSP. 91 (12) Income Taxes Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and the (provision for) benefit from income taxes consisted of the following: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Income (loss) from continuing operations: United States $ 172.2 $ 118.0 $ ( 37.7 ) Foreign 83.2 68.3 64.8 $ 255.4 $ 186.3 $ 27.1 Provision for income taxes: Current: United States $ ( 47.5 ) $ ( 51.1 ) $ ( 18.9 ) Foreign ( 21.2 ) ( 15.7 ) ( 9.8 ) Total current ( 68.7 ) ( 66.8 ) ( 28.7 ) Deferred and other: United States 7.1 21.3 17.2 Foreign 8.0 3.9 4.2 Total deferred and other 15.1 25.2 21.4 Total provision $ ( 53.6 ) $ ( 41.6 ) $ ( 7.3 ) The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to our effective income tax rate was as follows: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % State and local taxes, net of U.S. federal benefit 3.6 % 3.5 % 9.6 % U.S. credits and exemptions ( 1.9 ) % ( 2.1 ) % ( 13.4 ) % Foreign earnings/losses taxed at different rates 1.4 % 0.6 % ( 9.7 ) % Nondeductible expenses 1.2 % 2.0 % 7.7 % Adjustments to uncertain tax positions 0.4 % ( 0.6 ) % ( 9.4 ) % Changes in valuation allowance ( 0.4 ) % ( 1.0 ) % ( 19.6 ) % Share-based compensation ( 4.3 ) % ( 1.0 ) % ( 6.4 ) % Goodwill impairment and basis adjustments — % — % ( 3.9 ) % Adjustments to contingent consideration — % — % ( 0.9 ) % Non-deductible loss on Asbestos Portfolio Sale (1) — % — % 53.7 % Other — % ( 0.1 ) % ( 1.8 ) % 21.0 % 22.3 % 26.9 % ___________________________________________________________________ (1) The income tax benefit associated with the loss of $ 73.9 on the Asbestos Portfolio Sale totaled $ 1.1 . 92 Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows: As of December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: NOL and credit carryforwards $ 84.6 $ 88.9 Pension, other postretirement and postemployment benefits 25.9 26.8 Payroll and compensation 18.0 18.6 Legal, environmental and self-insurance accruals 11.8 23.4 Working capital accruals 27.0 20.0 Research and experimental expenditures 35.9 25.6 Other 5.6 4.3 Total deferred tax assets 208.8 207.6 Valuation allowance ( 77.0 ) ( 75.2 ) Net deferred tax assets 131.8 132.4 Deferred tax liabilities: Intangible assets recorded in acquisitions 171.8 159.4 Basis difference in affiliates 15.9 17.4 Accelerated depreciation 30.0 16.1 Other 4.4 9.0 Total deferred tax liabilities 222.1 201.9 $ ( 90.3 ) $ ( 69.5 ) General Matters Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. We periodically assess deferred tax assets to determine if they are likely to be realized and the adequacy of deferred tax liabilities, incorporating the results of local, state, federal and foreign tax audits into our estimates and judgments. At December 31, 2024, we h ad $ 14.7 of federal, $ 154.5 of state, and $ 211.4 of foreign tax loss carryforwards available. We also had federal and state tax credit carryforwards of $ 10.4 . Of these amounts, $ 6.1 expire in 2025 and $ 153.8 expire at various times between 2026 and 2043. The remaining carryforwards have no expiration date. Realization of deferred tax assets, including those associated with net operating loss and credit carryforwards, is dependent upon generating sufficient taxable income in the appropriate tax jurisdiction. We believe that it is more likely than not that we may not realize the benefit of certain of these deferred tax assets and, accordingly, have established a valuation allowance against these deferred tax assets. Although realization is not assured for the remaining deferred tax assets, we believe it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized through future taxable earnings or tax planning strategies. However, deferred tax assets could be reduced in the near term if our estimates of taxable income are significantly reduced or tax planning strategies are no longer viable. Our valuation allowance increased by $ 1.8 in 2024 and increased by $ 6.1 in 2023. The 2024 increase was primarily driven by the generation of certain attributes in foreign jurisdictions where we believe it is more likely than not that such attributes will not be realized. The amount of income tax that we pay annually is dependent on various factors, including the timing of certain deductions. These deductions can vary from year-to-year, and, consequently, the amount of income taxes paid in future years will vary from the amounts paid in prior years. Undistributed Foreign Earnings In general, it is our practice and intention to reinvest the earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries in those operations. As of December 31, 2024, we had $ 329.0 of undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries. The majority of these earnings have already been reinvested in our overseas businesses. Further, we believe future domestic cash generation will be sufficient to meet future domestic cash needs. For this reason, we have not recorded a provision for U.S. or foreign withholding taxes on the excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of investments in foreign subsidiaries that are essentially permanent in duration. Generally, such amounts may become subject to U.S. taxation upon the remittance of dividends and under certain other circumstances. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of a deferred tax liability related to the undistributed earnings of our 93 foreign subsidiaries in the event that these earnings are no longer considered to be indefinitely reinvested, due to the hypothetical nature of the calculation. Unrecognized Tax Benefits A s of December 31, 2024, we had gross and net unrecognized tax ben efits of $ 3.7 and $ 3.1 , respectively . All of these net unrecognized tax benefits would impact our effective tax rate from continuing operations if recognized. Similarly, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $ 2.2 (net unrecognized tax benefits of $ 2.2 ) and $ 4.5 (net unrecognized tax benefits of $ 4.0 ), respectively. We classify interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of our income tax provision/benefit. As of December 31, 2024, gross and net accrued interest tota led $ 1.4 , while the related amounts as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 were gross accrued interest of $ 1.3 (net accrued interest of $ 1.3 ) and $ 1.9 (net accrued interest of $ 1.7 ), respectively. Our income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 included gross interest income of $ 0.1 , $ 0.2 , and $ 0.6 , respectively, resulting from adjustments to our liability for uncertain tax positions. As of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we had no accrual for penalties included in our unrecognized tax benefits. Based on the outcome of certain examinations or as a result of the expiration of statutes of limitations for certain jurisdictions, we believe that within the next 12 months it is reasonably possible that our previously unrecognized tax benefits could decrease by up to $ 1.0 . The previously unrecognized tax benefits relate to a variety of tax matters including transfer pricing and various state matters. The aggregate changes in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Unrecognized tax benefit — opening balance $ 2.2 $ 4.5 $ 7.1 Gross increases — tax positions in prior period 1.4 — — Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period — ( 1.1 ) ( 0.7 ) Gross increases — tax positions in current period 0.5 0.1 0.1 Settlements — ( 1.0 ) — Statute expirations ( 0.4 ) ( 0.3 ) ( 1.9 ) Change due to foreign currency exchange rates — — ( 0.1 ) Unrecognized tax benefit — ending balance $ 3.7 $ 2.2 $ 4.5 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ( “ OECD ” ) Pillar Two Model Rules In December 2021, the OECD issued model rules for a new global minimum tax framework ( “ Pillar Two ” ), and various governments around the world have issued, or are in the process of issuing, legislation to implement these rules. The Company is within the scope of the OECD Pillar Two model rules and continues to assess the ultimate impact thereof. As of December 31, 2024, we have accrued $ 1.8 related to these taxes. Other Tax Matters During 2024, our income tax provision was impacted most significantly by (i) $ 11.0 of excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation awards that vested and/or were exercised during the period and (ii) $ 0.7 of tax benefits related to changes in our estimate of valuation allowances recognized against certain deferred tax assets, as we now expect to realize these deferred tax assets. During 2023, our income tax provision was impacted most significantly by (i) $ 2.3 of tax benefits related to changes in our estimate of valuation allowances recognized against certain deferred tax assets as we now expect to realize these deferred tax assets, (ii) $ 1.8 of excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation awards that vested and/or were exercised during the period, and (iii) $ 1.1 of tax benefits related to revisions to liabilities for uncertain tax positions. During 2022, our income tax provision was impacted most significantly by (i) the loss on the Asbestos Portfolio Sale (see Note 4) which generated a tax benefit of only $ 1.1 , (ii) a tax benefit of $ 4.7 related to the release of valuation allowances recognized against certain deferred tax assets, as we now expect to realize these deferred tax assets, primarily due to the 2022 Holding Company Reorganization (see Note 1), (iii) $ 3.0 of tax benefits related to statute expirations and other revisions to 94 liabilities for uncertain tax positions, and (iv) $ 1.7 of excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation awards that vested and/or were exercised during the year. We perform reviews of our income tax positions on a continuous basis and accrue for potential uncertain positions when we determine that a tax position meets the criteria of the Income Taxes Topic of the Codification. Accruals for these uncertain tax positions are recorded in “Income taxes payable” and “Deferred and other income taxes” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets based on the expectation as to the timing of when the matters will be resolved. As events change and resolutions occur, these accruals are adjusted, such as in the case of audit settlements with taxing authorities. U.S. Federal income tax returns are subject to examination for a period of three years after filing the return. We are not currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service and believe any contingencies in open years are adequately provided for. State income tax returns generally are subject to examination for a period of three to five years after filing the respective tax returns. The impact on such tax returns of any federal changes remains subject to examination by various states for a period of up to one year after formal notification to the states. We regularly have various state income tax returns in the process of examination. We believe any uncertain tax positions related to these examinations have been adequately provided for. We regularly have various foreign income tax returns under examination. We believe that any uncertain tax positions related to these examinations have been adequately provided for. An unfavorable resolution of one or more of the above matters could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows in the period in which an adjustment is recorded or the tax is due or paid. As audits and examinations are still in process, the timing of the ultimate resolution and any payments that may be required for the above matters cannot be determined at this time. (13) Indebtedness The following summarizes our debt activity (both current and non-current) for the year ended December 31, 2024: December 31, 2023 Borrowings Repayments Other (5) December 31, 2024 Revolving loans (1) $ — $ 384.8 $ ( 304.8 ) $ — $ 80.0 Term loans (2) 539.9 — ( 17.0 ) 0.5 523.4 Trade receivables financing arrangement (3) 16.0 272.0 ( 279.0 ) — 9.0 Other indebtedness (4) 2.4 0.1 ( 1.3 ) 1.1 2.3 Total debt 558.3 $ 656.9 $ ( 602.1 ) $ 1.6 614.7 Less: short-term debt 17.9 10.1 Less: current maturities of long-term debt 17.3 27.6 Total long-term debt $ 523.1 $ 577.0 _____________________________________________________________ (1) The revolving loan facility extends through August 2027 under the terms of our senior credit agreement and is primarily used to provide liquidity for funding acquisitions, including related fees and expenses, and was utilized as the primary funding mechanism for the Ingénia acquisition. (2) The term loans are repayable in quarterly installments equal to 1.25 % of the initial term loan balances of $ 545.0 , in all quarters of 2025 and 2026, and the first two quarters of 2027. The remaining balances are payable in full on August 12, 2027. Balances are net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $ 1.2 and $ 1.7 at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. (3) Under this arrangement, we can borrow, on a continuous basis, up to $ 100.0 , as available. Borrowings under this arrangement are collateralized by eligible trade receivables of certain of our businesses. At December 31, 2024, we had $ 61.7 of available borrowing capacity under this facility after giving effect to outstanding borrowings of $ 9.0 . (4) Primarily includes balances under a purchase card program of $ 1.1 and $ 1.9 and finance lease obligations of $ 1.2 and $ 0.5 at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The purchase card program allows for payment beyond the normal payment terms for goods and services acquired under the program. As this arrangement extends the payment of these purchases beyond their normal payment terms through third-party lending institutions, we have classified these amounts as short-term debt. (5) “Other” includes the impact of amortization of debt issuance costs associated with the term loans. Maturities of long-term debt payable during each of the five years subsequent to December 31, 2024 are $ 27.6 , $ 27.7 , $ 550.3 , $ 0.2 , and $ 0.1 , respectively. 95 Senior Credit Facilities On August 30, 2024, we entered into a Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Incremental Facility Activation Notice (the “Second Amendment”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent”), the lenders party thereto, and certain domestic subsidiaries of the Company, as guarantors, which amended our prior Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2022 (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) with the lenders party thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, as foreign trade facility agent, and the Administrative Agent. The Second Amendment increases the aggregate revolving credit commitments under the Credit Agreement from $ 500.0 to $ 1,000.0 and makes certain conforming changes and other amendments to the Credit Agreement. We expect to utilize the increased revolving credit capacity to finance, in part, permitted acquisitions, to pay related fees, costs and expenses and for other lawful corporate purposes. In connection with the Second Amendment, we capitalized $ 2.6 of debt issuance costs within “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024. On April 21, 2023, we entered into an Incremental Facility Activation Notice with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, which amended the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 12, 2022, among the Company, the lenders party thereto, Deutsche Bank AG, as foreign trade facility agent, and the Administrative Agent (“Incremental Amendment”). The Incremental Amendment provides for an Incremental Term Loan in the aggregate amount of $ 300.0 , which was available in up to three drawings (subject to customary conditions) from the Incremental Amendment Effective Date to October 18, 2023 (“Incremental Term Loan”). The proceeds of the Incremental Term Loan were available to be used to finance, in part, permitted acquisitions, to pay related fees, costs and expenses and for other lawful corporate purposes. The Incremental Term Loan will mature on August 12, 2027. We may voluntarily prepay the Incremental Term Loan, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty. In June 2023, we borrowed $ 300.0 under the Incremental Term Loan in connection with the ASPEQ acquisition. The credit facilities (the “Senior Credit Facilities”) under the Credit Agreement consist of the following at December 31, 2024 (each with a final maturity of August 12, 2027): • Term loan facilities with original aggregate principal amounts of $ 545.0 ($ 245.0 and $ 300.0 related to our original term loan and the Incremental Term Loan, respectively); • A multicurrency revolving credit facility, available for loans and letters of credit in Dollars, Euro, Sterling and other currencies, in an aggregate principal amount up to the equivalent of $ 1,000.0 (with sub-limits equal to the equivalents of $ 200.0 for financial letters of credit, $ 50.0 for non-financial letters of credit, and $ 150.0 for non-U.S. exposure); and • A bilateral foreign credit instrument facility, available for performance letters of credit and bank undertakings, in an aggregate principal amount in various currencies up to the equivalent of $ 25.0 . The Credit Agreement also: • Requires that we maintain a Consolidated Leverage Ratio (defined in the Credit Agreement) as of the last day of any fiscal quarter of not more than 3.75 to 1.00 (or (i) 4.00 to 1.00 for the four fiscal quarters after certain permitted acquisitions or (ii) 4.25 to 1.00 for the four fiscal quarters after certain permitted acquisitions with a minimum amount financed by unsecured debt); • Requires that we maintain a Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (defined in the Credit Agreement) as of the last day of any fiscal quarter of at least 3.00 to 1.00; • Allows SPX to seek additional commitments, without consent from the existing lenders, to add incremental term loan facilities and/or increase the commitments in respect of the revolving credit facility and/or the bilateral foreign credit instrument facility by up to an aggregate principal amount not to exceed (x) the greater of (i) $ 200.0 and (ii) the amount of Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) for the four fiscal quarters ended most recently before the date of determination, plus (y) an unlimited amount so long as, immediately after giving effect thereto, our Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio (defined in the Credit Agreement generally as the ratio of consolidated total debt (excluding the face amount of undrawn letters of credit, bank undertakings, or analogous instruments and net of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents) at the date of determination secured by liens to Consolidated EBITDA for the four fiscal quarters ended most recently before such date) does not exceed 2.75 :1.00, plus (z) an amount equal to all 96 voluntary prepayments of the term loan facility and voluntary prepayments accompanied by permanent commitment reductions of the revolving credit facility and foreign credit instrument facility; and • Establishes per annum fees charged and applies interest rate margins to all the credit facilities under the Credit Agreement, other than the Incremental Term Loan, as follows: Consolidated Leverage Ratio Revolving Commitment Fee Financial Letter of Credit Fee Foreign Credit Instrument (“FCI”) Commitment Fee FCI Fee and Non-Financial Letter of Credit Fee Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) Loans/Alternative Currency Loans ABR Loans Greater than or equal to 3.00 to 1.00 0.275 % 1.750 % 0.275 % 1.000 % 1.750 % 0.750 % Between 2.00 to 1.00 and 3.00 to 1.00 0.250 % 1.500 % 0.250 % 0.875 % 1.500 % 0.500 % Between 1.50 to 1.00 and 2.00 to 1.00 0.225 % 1.375 % 0.225 % 0.800 % 1.375 % 0.375 % Less than 1.50 to 1.00 0.200 % 1.250 % 0.200 % 0.750 % 1.250 % 0.250 % The commitment fee rate and interest rate margins for the Incremental Term Loan are as follows: Consolidated Leverage Ratio Commitment Fee Term SOFR Loans ABR Loans Less than 2.00 to 1.0 0.225 % 1.500 % 0.500 % Greater than or equal to 2.00 to 1.0 but less than 3.00 to 1.0 0.250 % 1.625 % 0.625 % Greater than or equal to 3.00 to 1.0 0.275 % 1.875 % 0.875 % The interest rates applicable to loans under the Senior Credit Facilities are, at our option, equal to either (i) an alternate base rate (the highest of (a) the federal funds effective rate plus 0.5 %, (b) the prime rate of Bank of America, N.A., and (c) the one-month Term SOFR rate plus 1.0 %) or (ii) the Term SOFR rate for the applicable interest period plus 0.1 %, plus, in each case, an applicable margin percentage, which varies based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio (defined in the Credit Agreement generally as the ratio of consolidated total debt (excluding the face amount of undrawn letters of credit, bank undertakings or analogous instruments and net of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents) at the date of determination to Consolidated EBITDA for the four fiscal quarters ended most recently before such date). The interest rates applicable to loans in other currencies under the Senior Credit Facilities are, at the applicable borrower’s option, equal to either (a) an adjusted alternative currency daily rate or (b) an adjusted alternative currency term rate for the applicable interest period, plus, in each case, the applicable margin percentage. The borrowers may elect interest periods of one , three or six months (and, if consented to by all relevant lenders, any other period not greater than twelve months) for term rate borrowings, subject in each case to availability in the applicable currency. The weighted-average interest rate of outstanding borrowings under our Senior Credit Facilities was approximately 5.8 % at December 31, 2024. The fees and bilateral foreign credit commitments are as specified above for foreign credit commitments unless otherwise agreed with the bilateral foreign issuing lender. We also pay fronting fees on the outstanding amounts of letters of credit and foreign credit instruments (in the participation facility) at the rates of 0.125 % per annum and 0.25 % per annum, respectively. SPX Enterprises, LLC, a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, is the borrower under each of above facilities, and SPX may designate certain foreign subsidiaries to be borrowers under the revolving credit facility and the foreign credit instrument facility. All borrowings and other extensions of credit under the Credit Agreement are subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, including absence of defaults and accuracy in material respects of representations and warranties. The letters of credit under the revolving credit facility are stand-by letters of credit requested by SPX on behalf of any of our subsidiaries or certain joint ventures. The foreign credit instrument facility is used to issue foreign credit instruments, including bank undertakings to support our operations. The Credit Agreement requires mandatory prepayments in amounts equal to the net proceeds from the sale or other disposition of (including from any casualty to, or governmental taking of) property in excess of specified values (other than in the ordinary course of business and subject to other exceptions) by SPX. Mandatory prepayments will be applied first to repay amounts outstanding under any term loans and then to amounts outstanding under the revolving credit facility (without reducing the commitments thereunder). No prepayment is required generally to the extent the net proceeds are reinvested (or committed to 97 be reinvested) in permitted acquisitions, permitted investments or assets to be used in the business of SPX within 360 days (and if committed to be reinvested, actually reinvested within 180 days after the end of such 360-day period) of the receipt of such proceeds. We may voluntarily prepay loans under the Credit Agreement, in whole or in part, without premium or penalty. Any voluntary prepayment of loans will be subject to reimbursement of the lenders’ breakage costs in the case of a prepayment of term rate borrowings other than on the last day of the relevant interest period. Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement is guaranteed by: • Each existing and subsequently acquired or organized domestic material subsidiary with specified exceptions; and • SPX with respect to the obligations of our foreign borrower subsidiaries under the revolving credit facility and the bilateral foreign credit instrument facility. Indebtedness under the Credit Agreement is secured by a first priority pledge and security interest in 100 % of the capital stock of our domestic subsidiaries (with certain exceptions) or our domestic subsidiary guarantors and 65 % of the voting capital stock (and 100 % of the non-voting capital stock) of material first-tier foreign subsidiaries (with certain exceptions). If SPX obtains a corporate credit rating from Moody’s and S&P and such corporate credit rating is less than “Ba2” (or not rated) by Moody’s and less than “BB” (or not rated) by S&P, then SPX and our domestic subsidiary guarantors are required to grant security interests, mortgages and other liens on substantially all of their assets. If SPX’s corporate credit rating is “Baa3” or better by Moody’s or “BBB-” or better by S&P and no defaults would exist, then all collateral security is to be released and the indebtedness under the Credit Agreement will be unsecured. The Credit Agreement also contains covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness, grant liens, make investments, loans, guarantees, or advances, make restricted junior payments, including dividends, redemptions of capital stock, and voluntary prepayments or repurchase of certain other indebtedness, engage in mergers, acquisitions or sales of assets, enter into sale and leaseback transactions, or engage in certain transactions with affiliates, and otherwise restrict certain corporate activities. The Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default. We are permitted under the Credit Agreement to repurchase capital stock and pay cash dividends in an unlimited amount if our Consolidated Leverage Ratio is (after giving pro forma effect to such payments) less than 2.75 to 1.00. If our Consolidated Leverage Ratio is (after giving pro forma effect to such payments) greater than or equal to 2.75 to 1.00, the aggregate amount of such repurchases and dividend declarations cannot exceed (A) $ 100.0 in any fiscal year plus (B) an additional amount for all such repurchases and dividend declarations made after September 1, 2015 equal to the sum of (i) $ 100.0 plus (ii) a positive amount equal to 50 % of cumulative Consolidated Net Income (as defined in the Credit Agreement generally as consolidated net income subject to certain adjustments solely for the purposes of determining this basket) during the period from September 1, 2015 to the end of the most recent fiscal quarter preceding the date of such repurchase or dividend declaration for which financial statements have been (or were required to be) delivered (or, in case such Consolidated Net Income is a deficit, minus 100 % of such deficit) plus (iii) certain other amounts, less our previous usage of such additional amount for certain other investments and restricted junior payments. At December 31, 2024, we had $ 909.0 of available borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facilities, after giving effect to borrowings under the domestic revolving loan facilities of $ 80.0 and $ 11.0 reserved for outstanding letters of credit. In addition, at December 31, 2024, we had $ 8.0 of available issuance capacity under our foreign credit instrument facilities after giving effect to $ 17.0 reserved for outstanding letters of credit. At December 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants of our Credit Agreement. During the second quarter of 2023, we capitalized $ 1.3 of debt issuance costs associated with the Incremental Term Loan. In connection with an August 2022 amendment of the Credit Agreement, we recorded charges of $ 1.1 to “Loss on amendment/refinancing of senior credit agreement” related to the write-off of a portion of the unamortized deferred financing costs totaling $ 0.7 and transaction costs of $ 0.4 . Additionally, $ 1.5 of fees paid in connection with the August 2022 amendment were capitalized, with $ 1.2 related to our revolving loans and $ 0.3 related to the initial term loan. Other Borrowings and Financing Activities Certain of our businesses purchase goods and services under a purchase card program allowing for payment beyond their normal payment terms. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the participating businesses had $ 1.1 and $ 1.9 , respectively, outstanding under this arrangement. 98 During the third quarter of 2024, we renewed for a period of 12 months, and increased the capacity of, our trade receivables financing agreement, whereby we can borrow, on a continuous basis, up to $ 100.0 . Availability of funds may fluctuate over time given, among other things, changes in eligible receivable balances, but will not exceed the $ 100.0 program limit. The facility contains representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities customary for facilities of this type. The facility does not contain any covenants that we view as materially constraining to the activities of our business. In addition, we maintain an uncommitted line of credit facility in China which is available to fund operations in this region, when necessary, at the discretion of the lender. At December 31, 2024, the aggregate amount of borrowing capacity under this facility was $ 10.0 , while there were no borrowings outstanding. Company-owned Life Insurance The Company has investments in COLI policies, which are recorded at their cash surrender value at each balance sheet date. The Company has the ability to borrow against a portion of its investments in the COLI policies as an additional source of liquidity. During 2024, the Company borrowed $ 41.2 against the cash surrender value of these COLI policies, after which minimal capacity to borrow against the policies remains. Such borrowings were primarily used to pay down amounts payable under the revolving credit facility. The amounts borrowed incur interest at a weighted-average rate of 5.3 %. See Note 1 for additional details of the COLI policies. (14) Derivative Financial Instruments and Concentrations of Credit Risk Interest Rate Swaps In 2020, we entered into interest swap agreements (“Initial Swaps”) that covered the period through November 2024, and effectively converted borrowings under our senior credit facilities to a fixed rate of 1.077 %, plus the applicable margin. In September 2024, commensurate with the Second Amendment, we entered into additional interest rate swap agreements (“Additional Swaps”). The Additional Swaps have a notional amount of $ 524.6 , cover the period from December 2024 to June 2026, and effectively convert this portion of the borrowings under our senior credit facilities to a fixed rate of 3.58 %, plus the applicable margin. We have designated, and are accounting for, our Additional Swaps (and, prior to their maturity, accounted for the Initial Swaps) as cash flow hedges. In connection with an August 2022 amendment of the Credit Agreement, the Initial Swaps were amended to be based on SOFR as opposed to LIBOR. As mentioned in Note 3, we applied the optional expedient per ASU No. 2020-04, No. 2021-01, and 2022-06 and, thus, continued to designate and account for the Initial Swaps as cash flow hedges. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the unrealized gain, net of tax, recorded in AOCI was $ 2.6 a nd $ 5.7 , respectively. In addition, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the fair value of our interest rate swap agreements was $ 3.4 (with $ 2.7 recorded as a current asset and $ 0.7 as a non-current asset) and $ 7.5 recorded as a current asset, respectively. Changes in fair value of our interest rate swap agreements are reclassified into earnings as a component of interest expense when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. Currency Forward Contracts We manufacture and sell our products in a number of countries and, as a result, are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Our objective is to preserve the economic value of non-functional currency-denominated cash flows and to minimize the impact of changes as a result of currency fluctuations. Our principal currency exposures relate to the South African Rand, British Pound Sterling, Canadian Dollar, and Euro. From time to time, we enter into forward contracts to manage the exposure on contracts with forecasted transactions denominated in non-functional currencies which manage the risk of transaction gains and losses associated with assets/liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of certain subsidiaries (“FX forward contracts”). Certain of our FX forward contracts are designated as cash flow hedges. Changes in these derivatives’ fair value are included in AOCI and are reclassified into earnings as a component of revenues or cost of products sold, as applicable, when the forecasted transaction impacts earnings. In addition, if the forecasted transaction is no longer probable, the cumulative change in the derivatives’ fair value is recorded into earnings in the period in which the transaction is no longer considered probable of occurring. We had FX forward contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $ 22.9 and $ 9.4 outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, with all of the $ 22.9 scheduled to mature within one year. There were no unrealized gains/losses recorded in AOCI related to FX forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The fair value of our FX forward contracts was less than $ 0.1 at December 31, 2024 and 2023. 99 In addition to the above, we entered FX forward contracts associated with the Settlement Agreement to mitigate our exposure to fluctuations in the South African Rand, with a notional amount of South African Rand 480.9 (or $ 24.9 at the time of execution) and a fair value of $ 1.3 , which was included within “Assets of DBT and Heat Transfer” on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023. We designated and accounted for these FX forward contracts as fair value hedges. These FX forward contracts matured during the third quarter of 2024 commensurate with the final payment under the Settlement Agreement, resulting in cash received of $ 2.0 presented within “Net cash used in discontinued operations” within the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 4 for additional details. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist of cash and equivalents, trade accounts receivable, COLI policies, interest rate swaps, and FX forward contracts. These financial instruments, other than trade accounts receivable, are placed with high-quality financial institutions throughout the world. We periodically evaluate the credit standing of these financial institutions. We maintain cash levels in bank accounts that, at times, may exceed federally-insured limits. We have not experienced significant loss, and believe we are not exposed to significant risk of loss, in these accounts. We have credit loss exposure in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to the above financial instruments, but have no other off-balance-sheet credit risk of accounting loss. We anticipate, however, that counterparties will be able to fully satisfy their obligations under the contracts. We do not obtain collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, but we do monitor the credit standing of counterparties. Concentrations of credit risk arising from trade accounts receivable are due to selling to customers in a particular industry. Credit risks are mitigated by performing ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial conditions and obtaining collateral, advance payments, or other security when appropriate. No one customer, or group of customers that to our knowledge are under common control, accounted for more than 10% of our revenues for any period presented. (15) Contingent Liabilities and Other Matters General Numerous claims, complaints and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business have been asserted or are pending against us or certain of our subsidiaries (collectively, “claims”). These claims relate to litigation matters (e.g., class actions, derivative lawsuits and contracts, intellectual property and competitive claims), environmental matters, claims for contingent consideration on prior acquisitions, product liability matters (which, prior to the Asbestos Portfolio Sale, were predominately associated with alleged exposure to asbestos-containing materials), and other risk management matters (e.g., general liability, automobile, and workers’ compensation claims). Additionally, we may become subject to other claims of which we are currently unaware, which may be significant, or the claims of which we are aware may result in our incurring significantly greater loss than we anticipate. While we (and our subsidiaries) maintain property, cargo, auto, product, general liability, environmental, and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, among other lines of coverage, and have acquired rights under similar policies in connection with acquisitions that we believe cover a significant portion of these claims, this insurance may be insufficient or unavailable (e.g., in the case of insurer insolvency) to protect us against potential loss exposures. Also, while we believe we are entitled to indemnification from third parties for some of these claims, these rights may be insufficient or unavailable to protect us against potential loss exposures. Our recorded liabilities related to these matters, primarily associated with environmental matters, tota led $ 39.9 and $ 37.9 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Of these amounts , $ 32.0 and $ 29.4 are included in “Other long-term liabilities” within our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, with the remainder included in “Accrued expenses.” The liabilities we record for these matters are based on a number of assumptions, including historical claims and payment experience. While we base our assumptions on facts currently known to us, they entail inherently subjective judgments and uncertainties. As a result, our current assumptions for estimating these liabilities may not prove accurate, and we may be required to adjust these liabilities in the future, which could result in charges to earnings. These variances relative to current expectations could have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations in future periods. Claim for Contingent Consideration Related to ULC Acquisition In connection with our acquisition of ULC in September 2020, the seller of ULC was eligible for additional cash consideration of up to $ 45.0 under an earn-out provision. During the third quarter of 2021, we concluded that none of the milestones for the payment of any of the contingent consideration were achieved. 100 On May 20, 2024, we entered into a settlement agreement with the seller of ULC to resolve a lawsuit that commenced in August 2022 seeking contingent consideration of $ 15.0 , prejudgment interest on that amount, and attorney's fees. The settlement agreement required a payment by us to the seller of ULC of $ 8.4 , which was paid during the second quarter of 2024, with a corresponding charge recorded within “Other operating expense, net” within the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2024. We expect this payment to be tax deductible in future periods. Resolution of Dispute with Former Representative On January 18, 2024, a jury ruled that one of our businesses within the Detection and Measurement reportable segment had breached its contract and implied duties of good faith and fair dealing in connection with an agreement entered into with a former representative. On January 26, 2024, we negotiated a settlement requiring a payment to the former representative of $ 9.0 to resolve all claims related to the matter. This amount was recorded to “Other operating expense, net” within the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 and paid during the first quarter of 2024. Asbestos Matters As indicated in Note 1, we completed the Asbestos Portfolio Sale on November 1, 2022, which resulted in the divestiture of three wholly-owned subsidiaries that hold asbestos liabilities and certain assets, including related insurance assets. As a result of this transaction, all asbestos obligations and liabilities and related insurance assets have been removed from our consolidated balance sheets effective November 12, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2022, our payments for asbestos-related claims, net of respective insurance recoveries of $ 31.6 , were $ 20.1 . During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded charges of $ 24.2 as a result of changes in estimates associated with the liabilities and assets related to asbestos-related claims. Of these charges, $ 18.8 were reflected in “Income from continuing operations before income taxes” and $ 5.4 were reflected in “L oss on disposition of discontinued operations, net of tax.” Large Power Projects in South Africa Overview - Since 2008, DBT had been executing on two large power projects in South Africa (Kusile and Medupi), on which it has completed its scope of work. During that time, the business environment surrounding these projects was difficult, as DBT, along with many other contractors on the projects, experienced delays, cost over-runs, and various other challenges associated with a complex set of contractual relationships among the end customer, prime contractors, various subcontractors (including DBT and its subcontractors), and various suppliers. DBT had asserted claims against the remaining prime contractor, MHI, and MHI had asserted, or issued letters of intent to claim for, alleged damages against DBT. On September 5, 2023, DBT and SPX entered into the Settlement Agreement to resolve all claims between the parties with respect to the two large power projects. The Settlement Agreement provides for full and final settlement and the mutual release of all claims between the parties with respect to the projects, including any claim against SPX Technologies, Inc. as guarantor of DBT’s performance on the projects. Refer to Note 4 for additional details. Claim against Surety - On February 5, 2021, DBT received payment of $ 6.7 on bonds issued in support of performance by one of DBT’s subcontractors that is currently in liquidation. The subcontractor or liquidator maintain rights to seek recovery o f such amount and, thus, the amount received by DBT has not been reflected in our consolidated statements of operations. Litigation Matters We are subject to other legal matters that arise in the normal course of business. We believe these matters are either without merit or of a kind that should not have a material effect, individually or in the aggregate, on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows; however, we cannot give assurance that these proceedings or claims will not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Environmental Matters Our operations and properties are subject to federal, state, local and foreign regulatory requirements relating to environmental protection. It is our policy to comply fully with all applicable requirements. As part of our effort to comply, we have a comprehensive environmental compliance program that includes environmental audits conducted by internal and external independent professionals, as well as regular communications with our operating units regarding environmental compliance requirements and anticipated regulations. Based on current information, we believe that our operations are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations, and we are not aware of any violations that could have a material effect, individually or in the aggregate, on our business, financial condition, and results of operations or cash flows. We had liabilities for site investigation and/or remediation at 16 sites, that we own or control, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. 101 Our environmental accruals cover anticipated costs, including investigation, remediation, and maintenance of clean-up sites. Our estimates are based primarily on investigations and remediation plans established by independent consultants, regulatory agencies and potentially responsible third parties. Accordingly, our estimates may change based on future developments, including new or changes in existing environmental laws or policies, differences in costs required to complete anticipated actions from estimates provided, future findings of investigation or remediation actions, changes in our allocation of shared remediation costs, or alteration to the expected remediation plans. It is our policy to revise an estimate once it becomes probable and the amount of change can be reasonably estimated. We generally do not discount our environmental accruals and do not reduce them by anticipated insurance, litigation or other recoveries. We take into account third-party indemnification from financially viable parties in determining our accruals where there is no dispute regarding the right to indemnification. In the case of contamination at offsite, third-party disposal sites, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we have been notified that we are potentially responsible and have received other notices of potential liability pursuant to various environmental laws at 9 sites, at which the liability has not been settled, and all of which have been active in the past few years. These laws may impose liability on certain persons that are considered jointly and severally liable for the costs of investigation and remediation of hazardous substances present at these sites, regardless of fault or legality of the original disposal. These persons include the present or former owners or operators of the site and companies that generated, disposed of or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances at the site. We are considered a “de minimis” potentially responsible party at most of the sites. We conduct extensive environmental due diligence with respect to potential acquisitions, including environmental site assessments and such further testing as we may deem warranted. If an environmental matter is identified, we estimate the cost and either establish a liability, purchase insurance or obtain an indemnity from a financially sound seller; however, in connection with our acquisitions or dispositions, we may assume or retain significant environmental liabilities, some of which we may be unaware. The potential costs related to these environmental matters and the possible impact on future operations are uncertain due in part to the complexity of government laws and regulations and their interpretations, the varying costs and effectiveness of various clean-up technologies, the uncertain level of insurance or other types of recovery, and the questionable level of our responsibility. We record a liability when it is both probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. In our opinion, after considering accruals established for such purposes of $ 27.4 and $ 24.1 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, the cost of remedial actions for compliance with the present laws and regulations governing the protection of the environment are not expected to have a material impact, individually or in the aggregate, on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. That said, we cannot provide assurance that new matters, developments, laws and regulations, or stricter interpretations of existing laws and regulations will not materially affect our business or operations in the future. Self-Insured Risk Management Matters We are self-insured for certain of our workers’ compensation, automobile, product and general liability, disability and health costs, and we believe that we maintain adequate accruals to cover our retained liability. Our accruals for risk management matters are determined by us, are based on claims filed and estimates of claims incurred but not yet reported, and are not discounted. We consider a number of factors, including third-party actuarial valuations, when making these determinations. We maintain third-party stop-loss insurance policies to cover certain liability costs in excess of predetermined retained amounts; however, this insurance may be insufficient or unavailable (e.g., because of insurer insolvency) to protect us against potential loss exposures. Executive Agreements The Board of Directors has approved an employment agreement for our President and Chief Executive Officer. This agreement had an initial term through December 31, 2017 and, thereafter, rolling terms of one year , and specifies the executive’s current compensation, benefits and perquisites, severance entitlements, and other employment rights and responsibilities. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has approved severance benefit agreements for our other six executive officers. These agreements cover each executive’s entitlements in the event that the executive’s employment is terminated for other than cause, death or disability, or the executive resigns with good reason. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has also approved change of control agreements for each of our executive officers, which cover each executive’s entitlements following a change of control. 102 (16) Stockholders’ Equity and Long-Term Incentive Compensation Income Per Share The following table sets forth the computations of the components used for the calculation of basic and diluted income per share: Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Numerator: Income from continuing operations $ 201.8 $ 144.7 $ 19.8 Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax $ ( 1.3 ) $ ( 54.8 ) $ ( 19.6 ) Denominator: Weighted-average number of common shares used in basic income per share 46.187 45.545 45.345 Dilutive securities — Employee stock options and restricted stock units 0.891 1.067 0.876 Weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive securities used in diluted income per share 47.078 46.612 46.221 For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, 0.119 , 0.179 , and 0.240 , respectively, of unvested restricted stock units were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as the assumed proceeds for these instruments exceeded the average market value of the underlying common stock for the related years. For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, 0.280 , 0.512 , and 0.695 , respectively, of outstanding stock options were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as the assumed proceeds for these instruments exceeded the average market value of the underlying common stock for the related years. Common Stock and Treasury Stock On May 14, 2024, May 9, 2023, and May 10, 2022, our Board of Directors re-authorized management, in its sole discretion, to repurchase, in any fiscal year, up to $ 100.0 of our common stock, subject to maintaining compliance with all covenants of our Credit Agreement. Pursuant to this authorization, during the second quarter of 2022, we repurchased 0.707 shares of our common stock for aggregate cash payments of $ 33.7 . As of December 31, 2024, the maximum approximate amount of our common stock that may be purchased under this authorization is $ 100.0 . At December 31, 2024, we had 200.0 authorized shares of common stock (par value $ 0.01 ). Common shares issued, treasury shares and shares outstanding are summarized in the table below. Common Stock Issued Treasury Stock Shares Outstanding Balance at December 31, 2021 53.011 ( 7.543 ) 45.468 Restricted stock units — 0.191 0.191 Share repurchases — ( 0.707 ) ( 0.707 ) Other 0.340 — 0.340 Balance at December 31, 2022 53.351 ( 8.059 ) 45.292 Restricted stock units — 0.115 0.115 Other 0.268 — 0.268 Balance at December 31, 2023 53.619 ( 7.944 ) 45.675 Restricted stock units — 0.116 0.116 Other 0.577 — 0.577 Balance at December 31, 2024 54.196 ( 7.828 ) 46.368 103 Long-Term Incentive Compensation On May 9, 2019, our stockholders approved our 2019 Stock Compensation Plan (the “2019 Plan”) which replaced our 2002 Stock Compensation Plan, as amended in 2006, 2011, 2012 and 2015 (the “Prior Plan”). As a result of the approval of the 2019 Plan, no further awards were permitted to be made under the Prior Plan. Up to 3.409 shares of our common stock were available for grant at December 31, 2024 under the 2019 Plan. The 2019 Plan permits the issuance of new shares or shares from treasury upon the exercise of options, vesting of time-based restricted stock units (“RSU’s”) and performance stock units (“PSU’s”). Each RSU and PSU granted reduces availability by two shares. Similar awards were permitted to be granted under the Prior Plan before the approval of the 2019 Plan. PSU’s and RSU’s may be granted to certain eligible employees or non-employee directors in accordance with applicable equity compensation plan documents and agreements. Subject to participants’ continued employment and other plan terms and conditions, the restrictions lapse and awards generally vest over a period of time, generally one or three years . In some instances, such as death, disability, or retirement, stock may vest concurrently with or following an employee’s termination. PSU’s are eligible to vest at the end of the performance period, with performance based on the total return of our stock over the three-year performance period against a peer group within the S&P 600 Small Cap Capital Goods Index and S&P 400 Mid Cap Capital Goods Index, while the RSU’s vest based on the passage of time since grant date. PSU’s and RSU’s that do not vest within the applicable vesting period are forfeited. We grant RSU’s to non-employee directors under the 2019 Plan. The 2024, 2023 and 2022 grants to non-employee directors generally vest over a 1 year-period, with the 2024 grants of 0.008 RSU’s scheduled to vest in their entirety immediately prior to the annual meeting of stockholders in May 2025. Stock options may be granted to key employees in the form of incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options. The option price per share may be no less than the fair market value of our common stock at the close of business the day prior to the date of grant. Upon exercise, the employee has the option to surrender previously owned shares at current value in payment of the exercise price and/or for withholding tax obligations. The recognition of compensation expense for share-based awards, including stock options, is based on their grant date fair values. The fair value of each award is amortized over the lesser of the award’s requisite or derived service period, which is generally up to three years . Compensation expense within income from continuing operations related to PSU’s, RSU’s and stock options totale d $ 15.0 , $ 13.4 and $ 10.9 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, with the related tax benefit being $ 2.6 , $ 2.3 and $ 1.7 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. We use the Monte Carlo simulation model valuation technique to determine fair value of our restricted stock awards that contain a market condition (i.e., the PSU’s). The Monte Carlo simulation model utilizes multiple input variables that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the award and calculates the fair value of each PSU. We issued PSU’s to eligible participants on February 28, 2024, March 1, 2023, and March 1, 2022. We used the following assumptions in determining the fair value of these awards: Annual Expected Stock Price Volatility Annual Expected Dividend Yield Risk-Free Interest Rate Correlation Between Total Shareholder Return for SPX and the Applicable S&P Index February 28, 2024 SPX 32.26 % — % 4.41 % 49.34 % Peer group within S&P 600 Small Cap Capital Goods Index and S&P 400 Mid Cap Capital Goods Index 37.00 % n/a 4.41 % March 1, 2023 SPX 35.72 % — % 4.60 % 57.87 % Peer group within S&P 600 Capital Goods Index 43.92 % n/a 4.60 % March 1, 2022 SPX 43.04 % — % 1.44 % 62.44 % Peer group within S&P 600 Capital Goods Index 50.98 % n/a 1.44 % Annual expected stock price volatility is based on the three-year historical volatility. There is no annual expected dividend yield as we discontinued dividend payments in 2015 and do not expect to pay dividends for the foreseeable future. The average risk-free interest rate is based on the one-year through three-year daily treasury yield curve rate as of the grant date. 104 The following table summarizes the PSU and RSU activity from December 31, 2021 through December 31, 2024: Unvested PSU’s and RSU’s Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share December 31, 2021 0.636 $ 49.14 Granted 0.307 48.72 Vested ( 0.332 ) 44.16 Forfeited ( 0.081 ) 53.41 December 31, 2022 0.530 51.38 Granted 0.175 72.35 Vested ( 0.190 ) 51.38 Forfeited ( 0.005 ) 59.92 December 31, 2023 0.510 58.53 Granted 0.152 124.82 Vested ( 0.200 ) 61.04 Forfeited ( 0.016 ) 126.01 December 31, 2024 0.446 $ 79.22 As of December 31, 2024, there was $ 14.7 of unrecognized compensation cost related to PSU’s and RSU’s. We expect this cost to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years. Stock Options On February 28, 2024, March 1, 2023, and March 1, 2022, we granted stock options totaling 0.052 , 0.074 , and 0.105 , respectively. The exercise price per share of these options is $ 116.40 , $ 71.93 , and $ 48.97 , resp ectively, and the maximum contractual term of these options is ten years . The fair value of each stock option granted on February 28, 2024 and March 1, 2023 and 2022, was $ 50.84 , $ 31.20 , and $ 19.33 , respectively. The fair value of each option grant was estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: February 28, 2024 March 1, 2023 March 1, 2022 Annual expected stock price volatility 37.43 % 37.15 % 38.62 % Annual expected dividend yield — % — % — % Risk-free interest rate 4.23 % 4.18 % 1.61 % Expected life of stock option (in years) 6.0 6.0 6.0 Annual expected stock price volatility for the February 28, 2024 and March 1, 2023 and 2022 grants were based on a weighted-average of SPX’s stock volatility of the most recent six-year historical volatility of a peer company group. There is no annual expected dividend yield as we discontinued dividend payments in 2015 and do not expect to pay dividends for the foreseeable future. The average risk-free interest rate is based on the five-year and seven-year treasury constant maturity rates. The expected option life is based on a three-year pro-rata vesting schedule and represents the period of time that awards are expected to be outstanding. 105 The following table shows stock option activity from December 31, 2021 through December 31, 2024. Shares Weighted- Average Exercise Price Options outstanding at December 31, 2021 1.393 $ 26.35 Exercised ( 0.191 ) 26.64 Forfeited ( 0.043 ) 51.32 Granted 0.127 50.14 Options outstanding at December 31, 2022 1.286 27.82 Exercised ( 0.141 ) 26.47 Forfeited — — Granted 0.076 71.71 Options outstanding at December 31, 2023 1.221 30.70 Exercised ( 0.494 ) 20.67 Forfeited ( 0.002 ) 71.93 Granted 0.062 120.47 Options outstanding at December 31, 2024 0.787 $ 43.92 As of December 31, 2024, 0.641 of the above stock options were exercisable and there was $ 2.2 of unrecognized compensation cost related to the outstanding stock options. We expect this cost to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.0 years. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income The changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, for the year ended December 31, 2024 were as follows: Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Net Unrealized Gains on Qualifying Cash Flow Hedges (1) Pension and Postretirement Liability Adjustment (2) Total Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 251.0 $ 5.7 $ 4.4 $ 261.1 Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications ( 32.1 ) 3.3 — ( 28.8 ) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income — ( 6.4 ) ( 2.3 ) ( 8.7 ) Current-period other comprehensive loss ( 32.1 ) ( 3.1 ) ( 2.3 ) ( 37.5 ) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ 218.9 $ 2.6 $ 2.1 $ 223.6 __________________________________________________________________ (1) Net of tax provision of $ 0.7 and $ 1.8 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 , respectively. (2) Net of tax provision of $ 1.0 and $ 1.8 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 , respectively. The balances as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 include unamorti zed prior service credits. 106 The changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, for the year ended December 31, 2023 were as follows: Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Net Unrealized Gains on Qualifying Cash Flow Hedges (1) Pension and Postretirement Liability Adjustment (2) Total Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 239.1 $ 11.0 $ 7.4 $ 257.5 Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 11.9 1.5 — 13.4 Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income — ( 6.8 ) ( 3.0 ) ( 9.8 ) Current-period other comprehensive income (loss) 11.9 ( 5.3 ) ( 3.0 ) 3.6 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 251.0 $ 5.7 $ 4.4 $ 261.1 __________________________________________________________________ (1) Net of tax provision of $ 1.8 and $ 3.7 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 , respectively. (2) Net of tax provision of $ 1.8 and $ 2.7 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 , respectively. The balances as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 include unamorti zed prior service credits. The following summarizes amounts reclassified from each component of accumulated comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Amount Reclassified from AOCI Affected Line Items in the Consolidated Statements of Operations Year ended December 31, 2024 2023 Gains on qualifying cash flow hedges: Swaps $ ( 8.7 ) $ ( 9.3 ) Interest expense Pre-tax ( 8.7 ) ( 9.3 ) Income taxes 2.3 2.5 $ ( 6.4 ) $ ( 6.8 ) Gains on pension and postretirement items: Amortization of unrecognized prior service credits - Pre-tax $ ( 3.1 ) $ ( 3.9 ) Other expense, net Income taxes 0.8 0.9 $ ( 2.3 ) $ ( 3.0 ) Common Stock in Treasury During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, “Common stock in treasury” was decreased by the settlement of restricted stock units, net of recipient tax withholdings, issued from treasury stock of $ 6.9 , $ 6.6 and $ 12.1 , respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2022, “Common stock in treasury” was increased by the previously mentioned repurchase of our common stock for aggregate cash payments of $ 33.7 . Preferred Stock None of our 3.0 shares of authorized no par value preferred stock was outstanding at December 31, 2024, 2023, or 2022. 107 (17) Fair Value Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In the absence of active markets for the identical assets or liabilities, such measurements involve developing assumptions based on market observable data and, in the absence of such data, internal information consistent with what market participants would use in a hypothetical transaction that occurs at the measurement date. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. Preference is given to observable inputs. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy: • Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. • Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable. • Level 3 — Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable. There were no changes during the periods presented to the valuation techniques we use to measure asset and liability fair values on a recurring basis. There were no transfers between the three levels of the fair value hierarchy for the periods presented. Contingent Consideration for the Sensors & Software and ECS Acquisitions — In connection with the acquisition of Sensors & Software, Inc. in 2020, the sellers were eligible for additional cash consideration of up to $ 3.8 , with payment of such contingent consideration dependent upon the achievement of certain milestones. The fair value of contingent consideration totaled $ 1.3 , and was paid during 2022. In connection with the acquisition of ECS in 2021, the seller was eligible for additional cash consideration of up to $ 16.0 , with payment of such contingent consideration dependent upon the achievement of certain milestones. During 2022, we concluded the probability of achieving the financial performance milestones had lessened due to delays in the execution of certain large orders. Thus, during 2022 we reduced the fair value/liability by $ 1.3 , with such amounts recorded to “Other operating expense, net.” No additional cash consideration was paid to the seller. We estimate the fair value of contingent consideration based on the probability of the acquired business achieving the applicable milestones. Based on these inputs, the contingent consideration is classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Goodwill, Indefinite-Lived Intangible and Other Long-Lived Assets — Certain of our non-financial assets are subject to impairment analyses, including long-lived assets, indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill. We review the carrying amounts of such assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable or at least annually for indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill. Any resulting asset impairments result in the asset being recorded at its fair value. Based on these inputs used in the impairment analyses, these assets are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Refer to Note 10 for additional details. Derivative Financial Instruments — Our financial derivative assets and liabilities include interest rate swaps and FX forward contracts, and are valued using valuation models based on observable market inputs such as forward rates, interest rates, our own credit risk and the credit risk of our counterparties, which comprise investment-grade financial institutions. Based on these inputs, the derivative assets and liabilities are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. We have not made any adjustments to the inputs obtained from the independent sources. Based on our continued ability to enter into forward contracts and interest rate swap agreements, we consider the markets for our fair value instruments active. We primarily use the income approach, which uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount. As of December 31, 2024, there had been no significant impact to the fair value of our derivative liabilities due to our own credit risk, as the related instruments are collateralized under our senior credit facilities. Similarly, there had been no significant impact to the fair value of our derivative assets based on our evaluation of our counterparties’ credit risks. Equity Security — We estimate the fair value of an equity security that we hold utilizing a practical expedient under existing guidance, with such estimated fair value based on our ownership percentage applied to the net asset value as provided quarterly by the investee. The value is updated annually, during the first quarter, based on the investee ’ s most recent audited financial statements. Based on these inputs, the equity security is classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, we recorded gains (losses) of $( 4.2 ), $ 3.6 and $( 3.0 ), respectively, to “Other expense, net” related to changes in the estimated fair value of such equity security. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the equity security had an estimated fair value of $ 35.2 and $ 39.4 , respectively, recorded in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheets. We are restricted from transferring this investment without approval of the manager of the investee. 108 Indebtedness — The estimated fair value of our debt instruments as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 approximated the related carrying values due primarily to the variable market-based interest rates for such instruments. See Note 13 for fur ther details. (18) Subsequent Event On January 27, 2025, we completed the acquisition of Kranze Technology Solutions, Inc. (“KTS”) which specializes in digital interoperability and tactical networking solutions, primarily for the defense industry. We purchased KTS for net cash consideration of approximately $ 342.0 , inclusive of amounts paid related to future service obligations of existing employees. The acquisition was funded through borrowings on our revolving credit facilities under our Credit Agreement. The post-acquisition results of KTS will be reflected within our Detection and Measurement reportable segment. 109 ITEM 9. Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None.