Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity
Item 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT ’ S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
The Company’s common stock is publicly traded on the NYSE American LLC under the symbol “ROLR”.
Holders
At the close of business on March 17 , 2025, there were 37 common stockholders of record. This does not include “street name” or beneficial owners, whose shares are held of record by banks, brokers, and other financial institutions.
Dividends
The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on its common stock and anticipates that for the foreseeable future all earnings will be retained for use rather than paid out as dividends. Any future payment of cash dividends will be dependent upon the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, current and anticipated cash requirements, and plans for expansion, as well as other factors that the Board of Directors deems relevant.
Unregistered Sales of Securities
There were no unregistered sales of securities during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Registrant and Affiliated Purchasers
None.
Item 6. RESERVED
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Item 7. MANAGEMENT ’ S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) in conjunction with the information set forth within the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report. Some of the information contained in this MD&A or set forth elsewhere in this Annual Report, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You s hould review the “Forward-Looking Statements" and "Risk Factors" sections of this Annua l Report for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following MD&A.
Unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this MD&A to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to the company, High Roller Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Our Business
We are an evolving and growth-oriented iCasino and entertainment company that focuses primarily on online casino betting in Europe, North American and South America. Our mission is to offer consistently superior customer experience by (i) providing fast onboarding, easy log-in and re-log-in, (ii) assuring efficient and secure payment processing, (iii) providing prompt payouts on player winnings, (iv) offering generous bonuses, bonus play and free spins on popular games, (v) utilizing an interactive environment for player engagement leading to longer stays online and more play, (vi) maintaining 24/7/365 customer service to assure customer satisfaction and (vii) providing an array of responsible gaming tools and AI models to ensure a safe gaming experience.
High Roller Technologies, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in 2021 as a holding company, with the intent to seek an initial public offering on a United States securities exchange. In January 2022 we launched HighRoller.com to deliver more immersive real money gaming experiences for the iCasino market. Prior to our transition to the HighRoller.com Platform we operated our online iCasino activities under the casinoroom.com domain name. We operate an online gaming business offering casino games to customers in various jurisdictions worldwide under the HighRoller.com and fruta.com domain names principally utilizing our Curacao license, and under our Happy Hour Solutions Agreements accessing revenue generated under the Estonian license. Unless further extended, the Happy Hour Solutions Agreements terminate on the earlier of our receipt of an Estonian license or December 31, 2025.
Through our Platform we provide iCasino, or online casino, consisting of the full suite of games available in land-based casinos, such as blackjack, roulette, baccarat, poker, and slot machines. We generate revenue through hold, or gross winnings, as users play against the house. We believe iCasino provides lower volatility versus land-based casinos due to easier advance-based predictions on gaming rules and statistics.
We currently are present and active in several markets around the world. Our focus will primarily be to enter regulated markets in Europe, North and South America. We intend to seek entry into one or more regulated North American markets utilizing proceeds from this offering but have not identified any target or budgeted any amount for such entries. We currently expect that initial entry into any of these regulated North American markets to occur in approximately twelve months from the receipt of proceeds from this initial public offering. No assurance can be given that these efforts will prove successful. Our business may suffer if we are unable to open new geographical markets or if we are unable to continue expanding within existing markets.
We are implementing a multi-brand strategy to launch new brands utilizing our current licenses and using our existing resources. The scalability of our Platform allows the Company to use existing resources to launch new brands that provide access to new target demographics and generate new revenues through existing player acquisition channels while maintaining the current cost structure with nominal incremental costs. The conversion of marketing spend into new player acquisition or existing player reactivation on our current and future portfolio of brands will ultimately determine where player acquisition funds are spent on a market-to-market basis. While no assurances can be given that these efforts will be successful, and management’s time as well as nominal incremental costs may be spent with limited financial results, management believes that this strategy mitigates any material negative impact on operations or financial position by leveraging scalable processes and technologies within our Platform. If market reception is successful, a new brand may generate material revenue. We soft launched our second active brand, Fruta.com, in December 2023, allowing select players to test the website prior to going live in February 2024. We are currently exploring opportunities for other future brand launches.
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We obtain our iCasino game offerings from over 80 suppliers such as Pragmatic Play, Push Gaming, Evolution Gaming for Live Dealer Services, Big Time Gaming, Red Tiger Gaming, Play’n Go, Netent, Quickspin and others. These content and gaming licenses are subject to standard revenue-share agreements, whereby suppliers receive a percentage of the net gaming revenue generated from their respective casino games and payment combinations, including agreed upon fixed costs.
Our plan is to excite the iCasino industry by focusing on streaming and social experiences based on real money gaming experiences for the customer.
During the first half of 2022, we rebranded our iCasino operations from CasinoRoom.com to HighRoller.com and concurrently commenced to reposition our legacy gaming operator “CasinoRoom.com” into an online casino ratings and reviews portal that would generate high-value leads and targeted search engine traffic (SEO) for HighRoller.com and customer leads for other casinos particularly in markets that we do not serve. We believe that our new CasinoRoom.com affiliate model site may further enable us to support future brands which we may launch or acquire with targeted traffic.
Spike Up Media, an affiliate of our founders, is one of a handful of globally foremost providers of lead generation and we believe that our association with Spike Up Media provides high-quality, cost-effective lead generation converting into active customers which together with our favorable customer acquisition costs and customer retention will result in favorable gross operating margins.
Below is a quarterly breakdown for the periods indicated of the non-financial key performance indicators of
●
quarterly active users, defined as the number of users who placed at least one bet during a respective quarter;
●
quarterly unique depositing customers (“UDCs”), defined as the number of unique users who made at least one deposit during a respective quarter; and
●
quarterly wagers, defined as the total amount of real money bets placed by our users.
Quarterly Active Users
Quarterly UDCs
Quarterly Wagers (in thousands)
Q1 2023
15,421
14,854
$
187,477
Q2 2023
17,106
16,137
$
175,821
Q3 2023
19,400
17,762
$
172,002
Q4 2023
24,289
22,432
$
176,388
Q1 2024
22,366
20,805
$
187,426
Q2 2024
22,505
21,170
$
159,786
Q3 2024
25,326
23,224
$
158,494
Q4 2024
34,652
31,464
$
155,798
1 Includes revenues from CasinoRoom.com
We believe that ours is an attractive proposition which extends beyond a dynamic base product offering to one that has a broad selection of entertaining and exciting content having more than 4,400 slot and other iCasino games, with a number of our most popular games being available to play with a live dealer, such as blackjack, video poker, roulette, baccarat, and craps sourced from over 70 content providers. We provide loyalty program offers with generous cash back, inviting hospitality experiences, other welcoming introductory services and longer play incentives. All our players are treated with an attractive welcome package of bonuses and free spins on popular slots. Each time a player levels up to a next tier of play, the player is instantly rewarded with free spins at the slots they prefer at their then stake levels of play. We focus on a rapid registration process and allow players one tap search to discover and select their games of choice. Our players also appreciate rapid payment processing through our automated cashier.
We currently accept wagers in multiple currencies. We generated approximately $ 662 million in customer-paid real money bets during December 31, 2024 and $714 million in customer-paid real money bets during the year ended December 31, 2023 utilizing our HighRoller.com domain name. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the average revenue per user was $ 323 as compared to approximately $575 per user for the same period in 2023. User deposits were approximately $ 90 million during the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to deposits of almost $75 million during the same period in 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2024, we had approximately 72,000 active users as compared to approximately 51,400 active users for the same period in 2023, representing period over period growth of approximately 40 %. Furthermore, during the year ended December 31, 2024, we had approximately 47, 971 first time depositors and approximately 60 ,060 unique depositors as compared to approximately 41,500 first time depositors and approximately 49,800 unique depositors for the same period in 2023, representing period over period growth of approximately 40 % and 41 %, respectively. Our net gaming revenue was $24.3 million and $28.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Our gaming operations extend across international markets by arrangements that utilize third party licenses authorized by other local and remote authorities. We expect that new geographical markets will be material additional drivers of our revenue growth and profit in subsequent years. Through our relationship with Spike Up Media we are able to outsource parts of our marketing department, resulting in access to broader industry knowledge than would otherwise be readily available to us, as well as give us the ability to scale much quicker and more effectively than many of our competitors. By way of illustration, when entering a new market we will need to hire additional staff, familiarize ourselves with such matters as demographics, language, favorable selling points, pitfalls to avoid, competitor presentations and operations, and other market specific facts through expensive and time-consuming testing and data gathering. Our access to Spike Up’s extensive experience and market data provide us immediate market intelligence and allows us to drive viable leads in most active casino markets from the time that we access those markets. We anticipate that this accelerated new market entry will reduce costs and allow for earlier market acceptance than that which we might be able to achieve on a standalone basis. We believe that the most efficient allocation of our resources does not currently allow us to build, design and deploy proprietary games and as a result we focus our resources on aggregating and curating iCasino games from over 80 dedicated game development studios.
Reverse Stock Split
On January 16, 2024, our Board of Directors approved and our shareholders ratified a 1-for-3.95689 reverse stock split of our outstanding shares of common stock, which became effective on that date. All share and per share amounts have been retroactively restated.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated. The results of historical periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any future period.
For the Year Ended
December 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
2024
2023
Revenues, net
$
27,882
$
29,675
Operating expenses
Direct operating costs:
Related party
2,646
4,289
Other
10,296
9,359
General and administrative:
Related party
174
493
Other
9,189
10,037
Advertising and promotions:
Related party
956
1,649
Other
9,387
5,955
Product and software development:
Related party
208
242
Other
818
342
Total operating expenses
33,674
32,366
Loss from operations
(5,792
)
(2,691
)
Other expenses
Interest expense, net
(125
)
(114
)
Other income
1
—
Total other expenses
(124
)
(114
)
Loss before income taxes
(5,916
)
(2,805
)
Income tax expense
7
13
Net loss
$
(5,923
)
$
(2,818
)
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
(167
)
54
Comprehensive loss
$
(6,090
)
$
(2,764
)
Net loss per common share:
Net loss per common share – basic and diluted
$
(0.82
)
$
(0.42
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted
7,248,892
6,641,774
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Revenue
Revenue decreased by $1.8 million or 6%, to $27.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $29.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due t o the exit from Hungary, $1.2 million, due to a change in the regulatory environment in the second half of 2023, further impacted by decreases across New Zealand and Norway, partially offset by increases in Finland. The amount of real money bets during the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 was appr oximately $638.4 million and $697.8 million, respectively. Although total real money bets decreased by approximately 9% during the year ended December 31, 2024 , as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, the decrease in revenue of approximately 6% during the same periods was the result of a lower return to players.
The Company's revenue by country for those with significant revenue for the periods indicated are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
Finland
$
12,950
46
%
$
8,208
28
%
New Zealand
6,524
23
%
7,725
26
%
Norway
3,653
13
%
6,076
20
%
Canada
3,780
14
%
4,607
16
%
Rest of world
975
3
%
3,059
10
%
Total Revenue
$
27,882
100
%
$
29,675
100
%
Direct operating costs
Direct operating costs (related party) decreased by $1.7 million or 40%, to $2.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is primarily related to a decrease in user acquisition related revenue share paid to a related party affiliated company.
Direct operating costs (other) increased by $937 thousand or 10%, to $10.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $9.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is primarily related t o the use of nonrelated party affiliates across the comparative periods.
Of the total direct operating costs of $12.9 million and $13.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, respective ly, $5.6 million and $6.3 million was related to revenue share paid to marketing partners for the successful acquisition of revenue generating players through their marketing channels.
General and administrative
General and administrative (related party) decreased by $319 thousand, or 65% , to $174 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024 , as compared to $493 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023 . The decrease was primarily driven by using internal resources with better rates and decreasing reliance on outside parties to provide administrative services.
General and administrative expenses (other) decreased by $848 thousand or 8% , to $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 , as compared to $10.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 . The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in unrealized exchange differences due to a more favorable exchange rate from Euro to USD.
Also included in general and administrative expenses (other) are foreign currency transaction losses, which decreased by $893 thousand to $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a more favorable exchange rate from Euro to USD.
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Advertising and promotion
Advertising and promotions (related party) expenses decreased by $693 thousand or 42%, to $956 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by our decrease in reliance on an affiliated company for user acquisition.
Advertising and promotions expenses (other) increased by $3.4 million or 57%, to $9.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $6.0 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in people related costs, including stock compensation expense; and increases in customer retention and other marketing services.
Product and software development
Product and software development (related party) expenses decreased by $34 thousand or 14%, to $208 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $242 thousand for year ended December 31, 2023.
Product and software development (other) expenses increased by $476 thousand or 139%, to $818 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $342 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase is primarily driven by an increase in product development activity utilizing development resources from third parties as well as internal development resources.
Loss from operations
Loss from operations was $5.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $2.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to the decreases in revenue due primarily to the exit of a market in the second half of 2023 and the increases in operating expenses.
Interest expense, net
Interest expense, net was $125 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $114 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023, and consisted primarily of non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of the present value discount of the domain name purchase liability (a related party liability).
Loss before income taxes
Loss before income taxes was $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Income tax expense
Income tax expense was $7 thousand and $13 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Net loss
Net loss was $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to net loss of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Other Trends Impacting Our Business
Our results of operations can and generally do fluctuate due to other factors such as level of customer engagement, online casino results and other factors that are outside of our control or that we cannot reasonably predict. Our annual financial performance depends on our ability to attract and retain customers. Customer engagement in our online offerings may vary due to, among other things, customer satisfaction with our platform, our offerings and those of our competitors, our marketing efforts, public sentiment or an economic downturn. As customer engagement varies, so may our annual financial performance.
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Our annual financial results may also be impacted by the number and amount of betting losses and jackpot payouts we experience. Although our losses are limited per stake to a maximum payout in our online casino offering, when looking at bets across a period of time, these losses can be significant. As part of our online casino offerings, we offer local progressive jackpot games that are operated by us and larger progressive jackpots which are “global,” operating across multiple operators and guaranteed by our game suppliers, generally Games Global or Netent. Each time a customer plays one of our local progressive jackpot games, we contribute a portion of the amount bet to the jackpot for that game or group of games. When a progressive jackpot is won, the jackpot is paid out and is reset to a predetermined base amount. As winning the jackpot is determined by a random mechanism, we cannot foresee when a jackpot will be won and we do not insure against jackpot payouts. Paying the local progressive jackpot decreases our cash position and, depending upon the size of the jackpot, payouts may have a significant negative affect on our cash flow and financial condition. Global progressive jackpots are guaranteed and paid by the game suppliers and are not a liability directly affecting us.
We operate within the global gaming and entertainment industry, which is comprised of diverse products and offerings that compete for consumers’ time and disposable income. We face and expect to continue to face significant competition from other industry players both within existing and new markets including from competitors with access to more resources or experience. Customer demands for new and innovative offerings and features require us to continue to invest in new technologies and content to improve the customer experience. Many jurisdictions in which we operate or intend to operate in the future have unique regulatory and/or technological requirements, which require us to have robust, scalable networks and infrastructure, and agile engineering and software development capabilities. The global gaming and entertainment industry has seen significant consolidation, regulatory change and technological development over the last few years, and we expect this trend to continue into the foreseeable future, which may create opportunities for us but may also create competitive and margin pressures.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We measure liquidity in terms of our ability to fund the cash requirements of our business operations, including working capital and capital expenditure needs, contractual obligations and other commitments, with cash flows from operations. Our current working capital needs relate mainly to supporting our existing businesses, the growth of these businesses in their existing markets and their expansion into other geographic regions, as well as our employees’ compensation and benefits. Historically, we have relied on affiliates and related party relationships to support our working capital needs for operations.
We had $6.9 million and $2.1 million in cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively (excluding customer cash deposits, which we segregate from our operating cash balances on behalf of our real-money customers for all jurisdictions and products, and restricted cash). As of the year ended December 31, 2024 we had net loss of $5.9 million, had net cash used in operations of $3.9 million, had an accumulated deficit of $27.1 million, and had negative working capital of $1.4 million. As of the year ended December 31, 2023, we had net loss of $2.8 million, had net cash provided by operations of $ 762 thousand, an accumulated deficit of $21.2 million, and negative working capital of $4.6 million.
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On June 6, 2024, the Company entered into interest free short-term unsecured loans with existing shareholders for $500 thousand. The loans were due and payable on or before December 31, 2024. If not paid on or before maturity the notes will accrue interest at a rate of 10% per year from the date of funds receipt. On October 28, 2024 $35 thousand of the loan was repaid, on December 20, 2024 $375 thousand of the loan was converted to common stock and the remaining balance of the loan was paid back on January 3, 2025.
In June 2023 we entered into a debt conversion agreement with Ellmount Interactive A.B. and Spike Up Media A.B. pursuant to which we issued 631,809 shares of common stock, valued at $7.91 per share, to Spike Up in exchange for $5.0 million that we owed to Spike Up through June 30, 2023 for services provided to our subsidiary, HR Entertainment Ltd. Following this stock issuance, we owed Spike Up a balance of approximately $421 thousand, for such services, which was paid.
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 205-40, Going Concern, the Company’s management has evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Consolidated Financial Statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists under this methodology, the Company's management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of its plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Consolidated Financial Statements are issued.
The Company's history of operating losses and negative operating cash flows initially raised substantial doubt regarding its ability to continue as a going concern. However, based on management's current operating plan, the Company believes its cash on hand and the projected cash generated from operations are sufficient to fund the Company's operations for a period of a least 12 months subsequent to the issuance of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and alleviates the conditions that initially raised substantial doubt regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
At December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we did not have any transactions, obligations or relationships that could be considered off-balance sheet arrangements.
Cash flows
The following table shows our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the stated periods:
Year Ended
December 31,
(in thousands)
2024
2023
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
$
(3,906
)
$
762
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
(471
)
(629
)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
7,680
(336
)
Effective of exchange rate changes on cash
606
98
Net change in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash
$
3,909
$
(105
)
Net cash used in operations during the year ended December 31, 2024, was $3.9 million as compared to net cash provided by operations of $762 thousand during the year ended December 31, 2023. The change during the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, is primarily due to a net increase in the various operating asset and liability accounts, particularly the net increase in due from/due to affiliates, as well as an increase in share-based compensation expense. This is due to the settlement of domain name purchase and payment of player acquisition expenses to a related party.
Net cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2024, was $471 thousand as compared to net cash used by investing activities of $629 thousand during the year ended December 31, 2023. The change is due to a decrease in capitalized internal-use software costs and a decrease in the purchase of property and equipment during the period.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $7.7 million as compared to net cash used in financing activities of $336 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023. The change is primarily driven by the increase in proceeds from closing of the IPO during the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023.
Restricted cash (current) was $1.1 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. This is due to a decrease in reserves required by payment service providers.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Please see Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies , to the consolidated financial statements.
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Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of the audited consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses. Some of those judgments can be subjective and complex, and therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Management regularly evaluates the key factors and assumptions used to develop the estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience and reasonable assumptions. After such evaluations, if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to assumptions used in accruals for potential legal and other liabilities, recovery of amounts held in escrow, realization of intangible assets, share-based compensation, accrued jackpots and the realization of deferred tax assets.
The following critical accounting estimates affect the more significant judgements and estimates used in the preparation of our audited consolidated financial statements.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Our long-lived assets consist of property and equipment, operating lease-right of use assets and indefinite lived assets (i.e. trademarks and domain names).
We evaluate long-lived assets for indicators of impairment at least annually or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The factors that would be considered by management in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, the manner in which the long-lived asset is used and the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors. If indicators of impairment are identified, we perform an undiscounted cash flow analysis of the long-lived assets. Asset groups are written down only to the extent that their carrying value is lower than their respective fair value. Fair values of the asset group are determined by discounting the cash flows at a rate that approximates the cost of capital of a market participant.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trademarks and domain names. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized; rather they are tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if adverse events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. In addition, management evaluates whether events and circumstances continue to support an indefinite useful life. Impairment tests are performed, at a minimum, in the fourth quarter of each year.
To test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment, we first assess the qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, then the quantitative impairment test is performed. The qualitative assessment requires the consideration of factors such as recent market transactions, macroeconomic conditions, and changes in projected future cash flows. The quantitative assessment compares the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of an indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess. Fair values of indefinite-lived intangible assets are determined based on discounted cash flows.
The Company conducted an impairment analysis with respect to the casino room trademarks and HighRoller domain names at December 31, 2024 which concluded that the fair value, determined using a discounted cash flow analysis, substantially exceed their carrying value, and thus they were not impaired. Projected cash flows included an estimated commission fee for referring a player who opens an account with a deposit to an online gaming site, as well as future revenue sharing agreements for those customers based upon net gaming revenue over an estimated gaming period ranging from approximately 5 months to 12 months. The Company did not have any impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2024.
We did not have any impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2023.
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Share-Based Compensation
We record share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”) and recognize share-based compensation expense in the period in which a grantee is required to provide service, which is generally over the vesting period of the individual share-based payment award. Compensation expense for awards with performance conditions is not recognized until it is probable that the performance target will be achieved. Compensation expense for awards is recognized over the requisite service period on a straight-line basis. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur.
Unit awards are classified as either an equity award or a liability award depending on whether the award contains certain repurchase provisions. Equity-classified awards are valued as of the grant date based upon the price of the underlying unit or share and a number of assumptions, including volatility, performance period, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. Liability-classified awards are valued at fair value at each reporting date.
Going Concern
ASC 205-40 Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern , requires management to assess the reporting entity's ability to continue as a going concern. In accordance with this guidance, we have evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the Consolidated Financial Statements are issued.
Determining the extent to which conditions or events raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern requires significant judgement and estimation by us. Our significant estimates related to this analysis may include identifying business factors such as revenue growth and profitability used in the forecasted financial results. We believe that the estimated values used in our going concern analysis are based on reasonable assumptions. However, such assumptions are inherently uncertain and actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Income Taxes
We comply with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax assets are provided for, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts more likely than not to be realized.
ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. Any interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions will be recognized as a component of income tax expense.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
Recently issued and adopted accounting pronouncements are described in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report. ASC 2023-07, Segment Reporting is effective for the consolidated financial statements for the reporting period and all interim periods thereafter and the Company adopted ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting on January 1, 2024. On a monthly basis, the CODM is provide consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and reviews financial information on a company wide basis. The CODM does not currently review the company's operations as more than one segment regarding profit or loss as a tool to allocate resources. See Note 17 for segment reporting disclosure.
Emerging Growth Company Accounting Election
Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”) exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can choose not to take advantage of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, and any such election to not take advantage of the extended transition period is irrevocable. We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and has elected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. The Company remains an emerging growth company and is expected to continue to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period. This may make it difficult or impossible to compare the Company financial results with the financial results of another public company that is either not an emerging growth company or is an emerging growth company that has chosen not to take advantage of the extended transition period exemptions for emerging growth companies because of the potential differences in accounting standards use
Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
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