Item 1. Business
Item 1. Business
Robert Half Inc. (the “Company”) provides specialized talent solutions and business consulting services through the Robert Half ® and Protiviti ® company names. The Company’s business was originally founded in 1948. Prior to 1986, the Company was primarily a franchisor, under the names Accountemps and Robert Half , with offices providing contract and permanent professionals in the fields of accounting and finance. Beginning in 1986, the Company embarked on a strategy of acquiring the franchised locations. All franchises have since been acquired. The Company believes that direct ownership of offices allows it to better monitor and protect the image of its trade names, promote a more consistent and higher level of quality and service throughout its network of offices, and improve profitability by centralizing many of its administrative functions. Since 1986, the Company has significantly expanded operations at many of the acquired locations, opened hundreds of new locations, and acquired other local or regional providers of specialized contract personnel. The Company has also broadened the scope of its services by expanding product offerings to include administrative and customer support, technology, financial project, consulting, legal, and marketing and creative talent solutions.
Robert Half
Prior to 2022, the Company organized its talent solutions business through separately branded divisions under the brand names of Accountemps ® , Robert Half ® Finance and Accounting, OfficeTeam ® , Robert Half ® Technology, Robert Half ® Management Resources, Robert Half ® Legal, and The Creative Group. During 2022, the Company unified its family of Robert Half brands to focus on its key brand, Robert Half. This simplifies the Company’s go-to-market brand structure for clients and candidates, provides leverage for greater brand awareness, and allows future flexibility to expand the Company’s existing functional specializations.
In connection with this process, the Company’s current financial statement disclosures reflect the names of its reportable segments, including contract talent solutions, permanent placement talent solutions and Protiviti. Further information on these business segments follows.
Contract talent solutions
Robert Half’s contract talent solutions business specializes in the provision of contract engagement professionals in the fields of finance and accounting, technology, marketing and creative, legal, and administrative and customer support. Operationally, the Company’s contract talent solutions are organized into each of these functional specializations. In the Company’s financial statements, both Marketing and Creative and Legal functional specializations are reported within Finance and Accounting
Businesses view the use of contract talent as a means of controlling personnel costs and converting such costs from fixed to variable. The cost and administrative burden to clients are significantly reduced by the use of contract talent resources. The contract talent engagement professionals are employees of Robert Half and are paid by Robert Half. The customer pays a fixed rate only for hours worked. Robert Half clients may fill their employment needs by using an employee on a trial basis and, if so desired, converting the contract position to a permanent position. The client typically pays a one-time fee for such conversions.
Finance and Accounting offers customers a reliable and economical means of dealing with uneven or peak workloads for accounting, finance, and accounting operations personnel caused by such predictable events as vacations, taking inventories, tax work, month-end activities and special projects, and such unpredictable events as illness, staff turnover and emergencies. Finance and Accounting also provides senior-level engagement professionals in the accounting, finance and business systems fields, including chief financial officers, controllers, senior financial analysts, internal auditors and business systems analysts, for such tasks as financial systems conversions, business process re-engineering, business systems performance improvement and post-merger financial consolidation.
Technology provides information technology contract professionals and offers managed services in areas ranging from multiple platform systems integration to end-user technical and desktop support, including specialists in software and application development, networking and cloud, systems integration and deployment, database design and administration, and security and business continuity.
Marketing and Creative includes the provision of creative professionals in the areas of creative, digital, marketing, advertising, and public relations in a variety of positions, such as creative directors, graphic designers, web designers, media
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buyers, front-end developers, copywriters, digital marketing managers, marketing analytics specialists, brand managers, user experience practitioners and public relations specialists.
Legal provides legal contract talent, including attorneys and paralegal professionals. The legal profession’s requirements (the need for confidentiality, accuracy and reliability, a strong drive toward cost-effectiveness, and frequent peak caseload periods) are similar to the demands of Finance and Accounting clients.
Administrative and Customer Support provides contract office and administrative personnel, ranging from executive and administrative assistants to receptionists and customer service representatives. Administrative and Customer Support operates in a similar fashion to Finance and Accounting.
Permanent placement talent solutions
The Company’s first division, established in 1948, was Robert Half ® Finance & Accounting which specialized in the placement of full-time accounting, finance, tax and accounting operations personnel. The permanent placement talent solutions business (previously referred to as permanent placement staffing) is the modern incarnation of this pioneering business and encompasses the Company’s full-time finance and accounting, technology, marketing and creative, legal, and administrative and customer support placement business. Fees for successful placements are paid only by the employer and are generally a percentage of the new employee’s annual compensation. No fee for placement services is charged to employment candidates. Permanent placement talent solutions operates under the Robert Half company name.
Protiviti
Protiviti is a global consulting firm that helps companies solve problems in regulatory compliance, finance, technology, operations, data, digital, legal, HR, governance, risk and internal audit, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. In 2002, the Company hired more than 700 professionals who had been affiliated with the internal audit and business and technology risk consulting practice of Arthur Andersen LLP, including more than 50 individuals who had been partners of that firm. These professionals formed the base of the Company’s Protiviti Inc. subsidiary. Protiviti has enabled the Company to enter the market for business consulting and internal audit services, and the Company believes this market offers synergies with its traditional lines of business.
Protiviti provides a broad range of consulting and managed solutions to leaders in finance, technology, operations, data, analytics, digital, marketing, legal, HR, governance, risk and internal audit. Protiviti and its independently owned member firms work collaboratively with their clients in over 25 countries to help them achieve their business objectives and deliver confidence in an ever-evolving and dynamic business world. Serving organizations across industry sectors, clients range from high-growth, pre-public/transactional established start-ups to the largest global companies and government entities. The Protiviti business was formerly referred to as the Company’s risk consulting and internal audit services segment.
Artificial Intelligence
The Company utilizes a proprietary artificial intelligence (“AI”) engine to match candidates to jobs in order to assist talent solutions professionals with quickly providing skilled and experienced contract talent to clients, as well as through email marketing recommendation campaigns that proactively promote highly placeable talent to clients. The Company also uses AI to assist with improving lead generation amongst prospective and past clients and determining which candidates are most likely to work on an assignment in the near term. The Company is also evaluating how generative artificial intelligence tools could enhance the business.
Protiviti continues to invest in and deploy AI-enabled solutions, seamlessly integrating artificial intelligence into its existing offerings while enhancing its own AI infrastructure. The firm assists clients in identifying and implementing suitable strategies, platforms and tools customized to their unique objectives, developing and implementing AI strategies and use cases, establishing transparent and secure AI environments, and balancing innovation with risk management effectively. Protiviti’s expertise spans a wide range of applications across its AI service offerings, from agent-oriented cases, platform adoption and implementation, audit efficiency and optimizing inventory management to accelerating legal contract reviews and enhancing compliance effectiveness and efficiency.
Its proprietary enterprise AI platform, Protiviti Atlas, is a testament to its innovation in the field. Currently patent pending in the United States, Protiviti Atlas offers a suite of generative AI functionalities, empowering Protiviti to deliver tailored solutions that enhance client value by analyzing complex data, providing real-time translations, creating and examining diagrams and images, and processing video content.
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Marketing and Recruiting
The Company markets its contract talent and permanent placement services to clients and employment candidates via both national and local advertising activities, including radio, digital advertising, job boards, alliance partners and events. The Company also markets its services via its website, blog and mobile app, as well as through targeted online tactics, email and social media. Direct marketing to customers is a significant portion of the Company’s total marketing efforts. The Company also actively seeks endorsements and affiliations with professional organizations in the accounting and finance, technology, legal, and creative and marketing fields. The Company also conducts public relations activities designed to enhance public recognition of the Company and its services. Central to the public relations activities are research-based content, targeted media relations and thought leadership, and promotion of company accolades received from third-party organizations. Robert Half employees are encouraged to be active in civic organizations and industry trade groups in their local communities, as well as in professional social media channels.
Protiviti markets its business consulting services to a variety of global clients in a range of industries. Industry and competency teams conduct targeted marketing efforts locally, nationally and globally, including digital advertising, search advertising, email marketing, production and distribution of thought leadership, social media, and live and virtual speaking events. Protiviti regularly conducts a variety of programs to share its insights with clients on current and emerging business issues. Protiviti also markets its capabilities through its broad partner ecosystem of professional associations and complementary service and technology providers. It conducts public relations activities, including distributing news releases, sharing proprietary research findings and providing subject-matter experts for media interviews designed to enhance recognition of Protiviti’s brand and reputation, establish its expertise in key issues surrounding its businesses, and promote its services. Protiviti promotes its brand name through digital and out-of-home advertising and its professional golf brand ambassador program. Protiviti regularly updates the services, value-added content and digital experience on the Protiviti websites globally. Employees are encouraged to be active in relevant social media communities, charitable, and civic organizations and industry trade groups.
The Company and its subsidiaries own many trademarks and service marks, including the Robert Half ® Finance & Accounting, Accountemps ® , OfficeTeam ® , Robert Half ® Technology, Robert Half ® Management Resources, Robert Half ® Legal, The Creative Group ® and Protiviti ® marks, which are registered in the United States (“U.S.”) and in a number of foreign countries.
Organization
Management of the Company’s contract talent solutions and permanent placement talent solutions operations is coordinated from its headquarters facilities in Menlo Park and San Ramon, California. The Company’s headquarters provides support and centralized services to its offices in the administrative, marketing, public relations, accounting, information technology, training and legal areas, particularly as they relate to the standardization of the operating procedures of its offices. As of December 31, 2024, the Company conducted its contract talent and permanent placement services operations through offices in the U.S. and 17 foreign countries.
The day-to-day operations of Protiviti are managed by a chief executive officer and a senior management team. Operational and administrative support is provided by individuals located in Menlo Park and San Ramon, California. As of December 31, 2024, Protiviti conducted operations in the U.S. and 13 foreign countries.
Competition
The Company’s contract talent solutions and permanent placement talent solutions businesses face competition in attracting clients as well as skilled and specialized employment candidates. The staffing business is highly competitive, with a number of firms offering services similar to those provided by Robert Half on a national, regional or local basis. In many areas, local companies are the strongest competitors. The most significant competitive factors in the staffing business are price and the reliability of service, both of which are often a function of the availability and quality of personnel. The expanded acceptance of remote work has created a significant opportunity for the Company. It brings together the Company’s numerous strengths, including its global brand, global office network, global candidate database, and advanced artificial intelligence driven technologies and data analytics at the scale needed to excel at out-of-market recruitment and placements. This strengthens the Company’s competitive position significantly because its traditionally toughest competitors, local and regional staffing firms, generally do not have these capabilities.
Protiviti faces competition in its efforts to attract clients, expand relationships with existing clients and win new business proposals. The global professional services market is highly competitive with a dynamic regulatory environment, disruptive new technologies, security and privacy concerns, and high demand for skilled professionals, all driving significant business opportunities. The principal competitors of Protiviti remain the “Big Four” accounting firms and other consultancies. Significant competitive factors include reputation, technology, tools, project methodologies, price of services, and the depth of skills and breadth of available personnel. Protiviti believes its competitive strengths lie in the collaborative approach it takes to
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working with clients, which drives knowledge transfer, understanding of client issues and value creation. This may be coupled with a “configure-to-fit” resourcing model to create blended teams of full-time Protiviti consulting professionals and engagement professionals from Robert Half’s network of specialized talent to precisely match expertise, approach and people with the changing global needs of clients on consulting and managed solutions projects.
Human Capital Management
Employees. The Company had approximately 14,700 full-time internal staff, including approximately 7,100 employees engaged directly in Protiviti operations, as of December 31, 2024. In addition, the Company placed approximately 109,000 engagement professionals (which includes full-time engagement professionals) on assignments with clients during 2024. The substantial majority of engagement professionals placed on assignment by the Company are the Company’s legal employees while they are working on assignments, but references to “employees” in the remainder of the Human Capital Management section refer to the Company’s full-time internal staff. With respect to engagement professionals, the Company pays the related costs of employment, such as workers’ compensation insurance, state and federal unemployment taxes, social security, and certain fringe benefits. The Company also provides access to voluntary health insurance coverage to interested engagement professionals.
Enterprise Values . Robert Half’s enterprise values serve as the cornerstone for how the Company strives to conduct business. These values are integral to the Company and serve to improve retention, advance inclusion, and encourage responsible, sustainable business practices.
▪ Integrity: Put ethics first and do the right thing in all situations
▪ Inclusion: Foster a culture of belonging where everyone can connect, thrive and grow
▪ Innovation: Adapt, evolve and invest to deliver new ideas and solutions
▪ Commitment to success: Empower our people to drive the success of our clients, colleagues, and candidates and to better our communities
Across Robert Half and Protiviti, as of December 31, 2024, approximately 53.3% of the Company’s global workforce identified as female and 47.4% of the Company’s employees in managerial and leadership roles identified as female. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 34.5% of the Company’s U.S. workforce was from underrepresented groups.
Employee Engagement. A major component in supporting employee engagement is the Robert Half employee voice initiative to provide its employees with feedback opportunities. In 2024, the Company conducted two surveys to provide a forum to understand employee needs and gather feedback on a variety of focus areas. The survey results were analyzed by an independent third-party and then reviewed by the executive officers. The results of these engagement surveys were shared with individual managers, who were then tasked with acting based on their employees’ confidential feedback (both quantitative and qualitative). In 2024, Robert Half and Protiviti conducted new hire surveys at specific points in a new hire’s onboarding and departure surveys to exiting employees. By paying close attention to the results at an aggregate enterprise level and at a department/business/workgroup level, across an employee’s life cycle, the Company has been able to enhance its culture of rewards and recognition, drive efforts to promote inclusion, increase communication in support of employee well-being, and modernize its approach to foster a culture of continuous learning and feedback. In addition, Robert Half continued its participation in the Great Place to Work ® Survey to benchmark with other companies around the world.
Protiviti uses an “ask, listen, respond, act” approach to building trust through global surveys where employees provide anonymous feedback. Employee feedback is then carefully reviewed and analyzed to identify trends, which are shared with senior leaders and communicated directly to employees. Changes based on employee feedback are highlighted so that employees understand the importance of their input. Protiviti leverages surveys in the U.S. and internationally, including the Great Place to Work ® survey.
Learning and Development . The Company emphasizes employee development and training for our people and the organization. Learning and development are key elements to the overall retention, engagement and employee experience strategy. Our strategy is designed to empower employees to reach their full potential, and the Company provides a wide range of development programs, opportunities and resources needed to be successful. The Company has specialized programs for all audiences, including new hires, tenured employees and employees in leadership roles. The Company provides mentorship opportunities, self-paced and instructor-led learning channels, and a catalog of vendor-provided courses, videos, resources, and books. The Company is committed to its employees’ career progression by providing individual development, readiness and transition plans as a part of its talent review and succession planning process. Given our flexible work philosophy, our learning strategy supports access and equity to all employees, including in-person and virtual learning experiences. Comprehensive learning maps for the first year of our new hires and our front-line leaders provide a consistent, predictable and formal learning experience. Our learning strategy supports equity of access, just in-time learning and continued career development for our employees.
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In Protiviti, at key career milestones, employees participate in learning events that prepare them to succeed at higher levels. Each employee is assigned a career adviser who coaches them and recommends actions to help increase their impact, contribution and engagement. Protiviti encourages and pays for employees to attain select recognized professional certifications. Annual operating plans include learning budget funding for employees. These investments in the skills of our workforce also pay dividends in the marketplace and with our clients who value and rely upon our expertise.
Compensation, Benefits and Well-being . The Company offers fair, competitive compensation and benefits that support its employees’ overall well-being—financial, mental and physical. To align with management’s short- and long-term objectives, the Company’s compensation programs for all employees include competitive base pay and for some employees, short-term and long-term incentives. The Company offers a wide array of benefits including comprehensive health and welfare programs, generous time off and leave, and retirement and financial support. The Company provides emotional well-being services through its Employee Assistance Program and Parent Resources portal as well as other perks and convenience benefits. In 2024, the Company devoted itself to focusing on our employees, including their careers, well-being, connections and impact they have on the Company and community. This commitment helps our leaders build successful teams and ensures employees feel valued and connected to our mission, while defining what they can expect working for the Company throughout their career journey.
Other Information
The Company is not dependent on a single customer or a limited number of customers. The Company’s talent solutions business is generally more active in the first and fourth quarters of a calendar year. Protiviti is generally more active in the third and fourth quarters of a calendar year. Order backlog is not a material aspect of the Company’s talent solutions business. Backlog is of greater importance to Protiviti and is typically realized within a 12-month period.
The Company conducts business under various federal, state and local government contracts, and no one such contract represented more than 1.0% percent of total service revenues in 2024.
Available Information
The Company’s Internet address is www.roberthalf.com . The Company makes available, free of charge, through its website, its Annual Reports on Form 10-K and proxy statements for its annual meetings of stockholders, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and its current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Also available on the Company’s website are its Corporate Governance Guidelines, its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and the charters for its Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Governance Committee, each of which is available in print to any stockholder who makes a request to Robert Half Inc., 2884 Sand Hill Road, Suite 200, Menlo Park, CA 94025, Attn: Corporate Secretary. The Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is the Code of Ethics required by Item 406 of Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K. The Company intends to satisfy any disclosure obligations under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding any amendment or waiver relating to its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by posting such information on its website. The Company has used, and intends to continue to use, its website as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation FD (or Fair Disclosure). The Company’s website and the information contained therein or connected to or linked from the website are not incorporated information and do not constitute part of this Annual Report.
Government Regulations
Our operations are subject to regulations by federal, state, local and professional governing bodies, and laws and regulations in various foreign countries, including, but not limited to, (a) licensing and registration requirements and (b) regulation of the employer/employee relationship, such as worker classification regulations, wage and hour regulations, tax withholding and reporting, immigration regulations, social security and other retirement, anti-discrimination, and employee benefits and workers’ compensation regulations. Our operations could be impacted by legislative changes by these bodies, particularly with respect to provisions relating to payroll and benefits, tax and accounting, employment, worker classification, and data privacy. Due to the complex regulatory environment that the Company operates in, the Company remains focused on compliance with governmental and professional organizations’ regulations. For more discussion of the potential impact that the regulatory environment could have on our financial results, refer to Item 1A “Risk Factors.”
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