PULTEGROUP INC/MI/ 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements PULTEGROUP, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ($000’s omitted) September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 (Unaudited) ASSETS Cash and equivalents $ 1,568,324 $ 2,582,205 Restricted cash 56,327 50,030 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 1,624,651 2,632,235 House and land inventory 8,917,440 7,721,798 Land held for sale 18,585 27,962 Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale 601,408 564,979 Investments in unconsolidated entities 64,284 35,562 Other assets 1,053,871 923,270 Intangible assets 149,854 163,425 Deferred tax assets 141,758 136,267 $ 12,571,851 $ 12,205,498 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Liabilities: Accounts payable $ 490,717 $ 511,321 Customer deposits 823,545 449,474 Deferred tax liabilities 121,905 103,548 Accrued and other liabilities 1,457,505 1,407,043 Financial Services debt 476,504 411,821 Notes payable 2,059,923 2,752,302 5,430,099 5,635,509 Shareholders' equity 7,141,752 6,569,989 $ 12,571,851 $ 12,205,498 See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. 3 PULTEGROUP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (000’s omitted, except per share data) (Unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Revenues: Homebuilding Home sale revenues $ 3,324,483 $ 2,823,921 $ 9,156,371 $ 7,517,453 Land sale and other revenues 63,085 24,165 123,321 70,042 3,387,568 2,848,086 9,279,692 7,587,495 Financial Services 91,482 106,871 288,632 256,223 Total revenues 3,479,050 2,954,957 9,568,324 7,843,718 Homebuilding Cost of Revenues: Home sale cost of revenues ( 2,443,074 ) ( 2,131,741 ) ( 6,754,204 ) ( 5,706,814 ) Land sale and other cost of revenues ( 47,483 ) ( 20,502 ) ( 103,313 ) ( 55,558 ) ( 2,490,557 ) ( 2,152,243 ) ( 6,857,517 ) ( 5,762,372 ) Financial Services expenses ( 42,835 ) ( 42,807 ) ( 122,921 ) ( 112,135 ) Selling, general, and administrative expenses ( 320,506 ) ( 271,257 ) ( 864,478 ) ( 731,785 ) Loss on debt retirement — — ( 61,469 ) — Goodwill impairment — — — ( 20,190 ) Other expense, net ( 4,750 ) ( 4,483 ) ( 8,011 ) ( 12,292 ) Income before income taxes 620,402 484,167 1,653,928 1,204,944 Income tax expense ( 144,853 ) ( 67,769 ) ( 370,873 ) ( 236,216 ) Net income $ 475,549 $ 416,398 $ 1,283,055 $ 968,728 Per share: Basic earnings $ 1.83 $ 1.54 $ 4.86 $ 3.57 Diluted earnings $ 1.82 $ 1.54 $ 4.85 $ 3.56 Cash dividends declared $ 0.14 $ 0.12 $ 0.42 $ 0.36 Number of shares used in calculation: Basic 258,147 268,363 261,854 268,892 Effect of dilutive securities 752 598 668 839 Diluted 258,899 268,961 262,522 269,731 See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. 4 PULTEGROUP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ($000’s omitted) (Unaudited) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Net income $ 475,549 $ 416,398 $ 1,283,055 $ 968,728 Other comprehensive income, net of tax: Change in value of derivatives 25 25 75 75 Other comprehensive income 25 25 75 75 Comprehensive income $ 475,574 $ 416,423 $ 1,283,130 $ 968,803 See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. 5 PULTEGROUP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (000's omitted) (Unaudited) Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Retained Earnings Total Shares $ Shareholders' equity, June 30, 2021 260,067 $ 2,600 $ 3,280,779 $ ( 95 ) $ 3,675,184 $ 6,958,468 Share issuances 1 — — — — — Dividends declared — — — — ( 36,166 ) ( 36,166 ) Share repurchases ( 5,102 ) ( 50 ) — — ( 260,550 ) ( 260,600 ) Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes — — — — ( 35 ) ( 35 ) Share-based compensation — — 4,511 — — 4,511 Net income — — — — 475,549 475,549 Other comprehensive income — — — 25 — 25 Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2021 254,966 $ 2,550 $ 3,285,290 $ ( 70 ) $ 3,853,982 $ 7,141,752 Shareholders' equity, December 31, 2020 266,464 $ 2,665 $ 3,261,412 $ ( 145 ) $ 3,306,057 $ 6,569,989 Stock option exercises 1 — 11 — — 11 Share issuances 518 5 4,176 — — 4,181 Dividends declared — — — — ( 110,305 ) ( 110,305 ) Share repurchases ( 12,017 ) ( 120 ) — — ( 614,183 ) ( 614,303 ) Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes — — — — ( 10,642 ) ( 10,642 ) Share-based compensation — — 19,691 — — 19,691 Net income — — — — 1,283,055 1,283,055 Other comprehensive income — — — 75 — 75 Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2021 254,966 $ 2,550 $ 3,285,290 $ ( 70 ) $ 3,853,982 $ 7,141,752 6 PULTEGROUP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (000's omitted) (Unaudited) Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Retained Earnings Total Shares $ Shareholders' equity, June 30, 2020 268,178 $ 2,682 $ 3,252,568 $ ( 195 ) $ 2,596,613 $ 5,851,668 Stock option exercises 1 — 12 — — 12 Dividends declared — — — — ( 32,446 ) ( 32,446 ) Share-based compensation — — 4,358 — — 4,358 Net income — — — — 416,398 416,398 Other comprehensive income — — — 25 — 25 Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2020 268,179 $ 2,682 $ 3,256,938 $ ( 170 ) $ 2,980,565 $ 6,240,015 Shareholders' equity, December 31, 2019 270,235 $ 2,702 $ 3,235,149 $ ( 245 ) $ 2,220,574 $ 5,458,180 Cumulative effect of accounting change (see Note 1 ) — — — — ( 735 ) ( 735 ) Stock option exercises 14 — 111 — — 111 Share issuances 755 8 4,088 — — 4,096 Dividends declared — — — — ( 97,501 ) ( 97,501 ) Share repurchases ( 2,825 ) ( 28 ) — — ( 95,648 ) ( 95,676 ) Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes — — — — ( 14,853 ) ( 14,853 ) Share-based compensation — — 17,590 — — 17,590 Net income — — — — 968,728 968,728 Other comprehensive income — — — 75 — 75 Shareholders' equity, September 30, 2020 268,179 $ 2,682 $ 3,256,938 $ ( 170 ) $ 2,980,565 $ 6,240,015 7 PULTEGROUP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS ($000’s omitted) (Unaudited) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 2020 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ 1,283,055 $ 968,728 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities: Deferred income tax expense 12,842 89,492 Land-related charges 6,820 13,930 Loss on debt retirement 61,469 — Goodwill impairment — 20,190 Depreciation and amortization 53,023 48,536 Share-based compensation expense 28,439 25,010 Other, net ( 3,274 ) ( 1,136 ) Increase (decrease) in cash due to: Inventories ( 1,137,351 ) 84,253 Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale ( 36,816 ) 108,178 Other assets ( 114,879 ) ( 17,627 ) Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities 394,897 ( 72,929 ) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 548,225 1,266,625 Cash flows from investing activities: Capital expenditures ( 52,134 ) ( 46,925 ) Investments in unconsolidated entities ( 35,812 ) ( 663 ) Distributions of capital from unconsolidated entities 11,500 19,939 Business acquisition ( 10,400 ) ( 83,251 ) Other investing activities, net 378 3,721 Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities ( 86,468 ) ( 107,179 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Repayments of notes payable ( 797,395 ) ( 10,993 ) Borrowings under revolving credit facility — 700,000 Repayments under revolving credit facility — ( 700,000 ) Financial Services borrowings (repayments), net 64,684 ( 77,527 ) Stock option exercises 11 111 Share repurchases ( 614,303 ) ( 95,676 ) Cash paid for shares withheld for taxes ( 10,642 ) ( 14,853 ) Dividends paid ( 111,696 ) ( 97,756 ) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ( 1,469,341 ) ( 296,694 ) Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash ( 1,007,584 ) 862,752 Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 2,632,235 1,251,456 Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period $ 1,624,651 $ 2,114,208 Supplemental Cash Flow Information: Interest paid (capitalized), net $ 16,483 $ 16,297 Income taxes paid (refunded), net $ 335,487 $ 195,494 See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. 8 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 1. Basis of presentation PulteGroup, Inc. is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States ("U.S."), and our common shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “PHM”. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "PulteGroup", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" used herein refer to PulteGroup, Inc. and its subsidiaries. While our subsidiaries engage primarily in the homebuilding business, we also engage in mortgage banking operations, conducted through Pulte Mortgage LLC (“Pulte Mortgage”), and title and insurance brokerage operations. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Subsequent events We evaluated subsequent events up until the time the financial statements were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). Business acquisition On January 24, 2020, we acquired the operations of Innovative Construction Group ("ICG"), an offsite construction framing company located in Jacksonville, Florida, for $ 104.0 million, of which $ 83.3 million and $ 10.4 million was paid in January 2020 and 2021, respectively, while an additional payment of $ 10.4 million will be settled in 2022. The acquired net assets were recorded at their estimated fair values, including intangible assets of $ 27.8 million associated with customer relationships and $ 1.8 million associated with the ICG tradename, which are being amortized over seven - and five-year useful lives, respectively, and $ 48.7 million of goodwill. The acquisition of these assets was not material to our results of operations or financial condition. Goodwill impairment In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 350, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other", management evaluates the recoverability of goodwill by comparing the carrying value of the Company’s reporting units to their fair value. Fair value is determined using accepted valuation methods, including the use of discounted cash flows supplemented by market-based assessments of fair value. As a result of the significant decline in equity market valuations that occurred during the period between our acquisition of ICG in January 2020 and March 31, 2020, we determined that an event-driven goodwill impairment test was appropriate for the ICG goodwill, which resulted in an impairment totaling $ 20.2 million in the first quarter of 2020. This impairment was not the result of any unique factors specific to ICG's operations but, rather, reflected the broad-based declines in the market capitalizations of publicly-traded construction companies in the period of time between the acquisition and the March 31, 2020 valuation date. Restructuring costs We recorded severance expense of $ 10.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2020 as we took actions to reduce overhead expenses in response to lower demand in March through May of 2020 resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. 9 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Other expense, net Other expense, net consists of the following ($000’s omitted): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs $ ( 3,567 ) $ ( 1,692 ) $ ( 6,801 ) $ ( 8,335 ) Amortization of intangible assets ( 3,612 ) ( 5,041 ) ( 13,571 ) ( 14,643 ) Interest income 436 891 1,541 6,024 Interest expense ( 115 ) ( 225 ) ( 387 ) ( 4,022 ) Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities 604 336 5,620 1,238 Miscellaneous, net 1,504 1,248 5,587 7,446 Total other expense, net $ ( 4,750 ) $ ( 4,483 ) $ ( 8,011 ) $ ( 12,292 ) Revenue recognition Home sale revenues - Home sale revenues and related profit are generally recognized when title to and possession of the home are transferred to the buyer, and our performance obligation to deliver the agreed-upon home is generally satisfied at the home closing date. Home sale contract assets consist of cash from home closings held in escrow for our benefit, typically for less than five days, which are considered deposits in-transit and classified as cash. Contract liabilities include customer deposits related to sold but undelivered homes, which totaled $ 823.5 million and $ 449.5 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Substantially all of our home sales are scheduled to close and be recorded to revenue within one year from the date of receiving a customer deposit. See Note 8 for information on warranties and related obligations. Land sale and other revenues - We periodically elect to sell parcels of land to third parties in the event such assets no longer fit into our strategic operating plans or are zoned for commercial or other development. Land sales are generally outright sales of specified land parcels with cash consideration due on the closing date, which is generally when performance obligations are satisfied. Revenues related to our construction services operations are generally recognized as materials are delivered and installation services are provided. Financial services revenues - Loan origination fees, commitment fees, and certain direct loan origination costs are recognized as incurred. Expected gains and losses from the sale of residential mortgage loans and their related servicing rights are included in the measurement of written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value through Financial Services revenues at the time of commitment. Subsequent changes in the fair value of these loans are reflected in Financial Services revenues as they occur. Interest income is accrued from the date a mortgage loan is originated until the loan is sold. Mortgage servicing fees represent fees earned for servicing loans. Servicing fees are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance and are credited to income when related mortgage payments are received. Revenues associated with our title operations are recognized as closing services are rendered and title insurance policies are issued, both of which generally occur as each home is closed. Insurance brokerage commissions relate to commissions on homeowner and other insurance policies placed with third party carriers through various agency channels. Our performance obligations for policy renewal commissions are considered satisfied upon issuance of the initial policy, and related contract assets for estimated future renewal commissions are included in other assets and totaled $ 41.6 million and $ 38.5 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Earnings per share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the “Numerator”) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, adjusted for unvested shares (the “Denominator”) for the period. Computing diluted earnings per share is similar to computing basic earnings per share, except that the Denominator is increased to include the dilutive effects of unvested restricted share units and other potentially dilutive instruments. 10 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) In accordance with ASC 260, "Earnings Per Share", the two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to an earnings allocation formula that adjusts the Numerator for dividends or dividend equivalents and participation rights in undistributed earnings. Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are participating securities and, therefore, are included in computing earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Our outstanding restricted share units and deferred shares are considered participating securities. The following table presents the earnings per common share (000's omitted, except per share data): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Numerator: Net income $ 475,549 $ 416,398 $ 1,283,055 $ 968,728 Less: earnings distributed to participating securities ( 296 ) ( 264 ) ( 887 ) ( 799 ) Less: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities ( 3,546 ) ( 3,123 ) ( 9,559 ) ( 7,778 ) Numerator for basic earnings per share $ 471,707 $ 413,011 $ 1,272,609 $ 960,151 Add back: undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities 3,546 3,123 9,559 7,778 Less: undistributed earnings reallocated to participating securities ( 3,536 ) ( 3,116 ) ( 9,535 ) ( 7,754 ) Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ 471,717 $ 413,018 $ 1,272,633 $ 960,175 Denominator: Basic shares outstanding 258,147 268,363 261,854 268,892 Effect of dilutive securities 752 598 668 839 Diluted shares outstanding 258,899 268,961 262,522 269,731 Earnings per share: Basic $ 1.83 $ 1.54 $ 4.86 $ 3.57 Diluted $ 1.82 $ 1.54 $ 4.85 $ 3.56 Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale Substantially all of the loans originated by us are sold in the secondary mortgage market within a short period of time after origination, generally within 30 days. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, residential mortgage loans available-for-sale had an aggregate fair value of $ 601.4 million and $ 565.0 million, respectively, and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $ 586.4 million and $ 539.1 million, respectively. Net gains from the sale of mortgages were $ 58.4 million and $ 76.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and $ 192.6 million and $ 173.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and have been included in Financial Services revenues. Derivative instruments and hedging activities We are party to interest rate lock commitments ("IRLCs") with customers resulting from our mortgage origination operations. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had aggregate IRLCs of $ 521.5 million and $ 367.2 million, respectively, which were originated at interest rates prevailing at the date of commitment. Since we can terminate a loan commitment if the borrower does not comply with the terms of the contract, and some loan commitments may expire without being drawn upon, these commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. We evaluate the creditworthiness of these transactions through our normal credit policies. We hedge our exposure to interest rate market risk relating to residential mortgage loans available-for-sale and IRLCs using forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities, which are commitments to either purchase or sell a specified financial instrument at a specified future date for a specified price, and whole loan investor commitments, which are obligations of an investor to buy loans at a specified price within a specified time period. Forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are 11 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) the predominant derivative financial instruments we use to minimize market risk during the period from the time we extend an interest rate lock to a loan applicant until the time the loan is sold to an investor. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had unexpired forward contracts of $ 843.0 million and $ 686.4 million, respectively, and whole loan investor commitments of $ 235.5 million and $ 169.6 million, respectively. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs and other derivative financial instruments are recognized in Financial Services revenues, and the fair values are reflected in other assets or other liabilities, as applicable. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features within our derivative agreements, and counterparty risk is considered minimal. Gains and losses on IRLCs and residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are substantially offset by corresponding gains or losses on forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities and whole loan investor commitments. We are generally not exposed to variability in cash flows of derivative instruments for more than approximately 60 days. The fair values of derivative instruments and their locations in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized below ($000’s omitted): September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Other Assets Accrued and Other Liabilities Other Assets Accrued and Other Liabilities Interest rate lock commitments $ 11,857 $ 187 $ 16,179 $ 18 Forward contracts 5,133 569 501 5,937 Whole loan commitments 1,490 313 168 666 $ 18,480 $ 1,069 $ 16,848 $ 6,621 Credit losses We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our vendors and insurance carriers. We assess and monitor each counterparty’s ability to pay amounts owed by considering contractual terms and conditions, the counterparty’s financial condition, macroeconomic factors, and business strategy. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we reported $ 194.5 million and $ 176.2 million, respectively, of assets in-scope under ASC 326, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses" ("ASC 326"). These assets consist primarily of insurance receivables, contract assets related to insurance brokerage commissions, and vendor rebate receivables. Counterparties associated with these assets are generally highly rated. Allowances on the aforementioned in-scope assets were not material as of September 30, 2021. New accounting pronouncements On January 1, 2021, we adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes" ("ASU 2019-12"), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. Our adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material impact on our financial statements. On January 1, 2020, we adopted ASC 326, which changed the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments from an "incurred loss" approach to an "expected credit loss" methodology. We adopted ASC 326 using the modified retrospective transition method. ASC 326 requires entities to consider a broader range of information to estimate expected credit losses, which may result in earlier recognition of losses. Our adoption of ASC 326 resulted in a $ 0.7 million decrease to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment", which removed the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. Under the new standard, goodwill impairment is determined by evaluating the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. We adopted the standard for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, and the standard was followed in the previously mentioned assessment of the ICG goodwill. 12 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 2. Inventory Major components of inventory were as follows ($000’s omitted): September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Homes under construction $ 4,469,295 $ 3,086,740 Land under development 3,849,816 4,137,318 Raw land 598,329 497,740 $ 8,917,440 $ 7,721,798 We capitalize interest cost into inventory during the active development and construction of our communities. In all periods presented, we capitalized substantially all Homebuilding interest costs into inventory because the level of our active inventory exceeded our debt levels. Information related to interest capitalized into inventory is as follows ($000’s omitted): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Interest in inventory, beginning of period $ 185,433 $ 207,942 $ 193,409 $ 210,383 Interest capitalized 31,707 40,044 97,809 119,643 Interest expensed ( 41,897 ) ( 46,841 ) ( 115,975 ) ( 128,881 ) Interest in inventory, end of period $ 175,243 $ 201,145 $ 175,243 $ 201,145 Land option agreements We enter into land option agreements in order to procure land for the construction of homes in the future. Pursuant to these land option agreements, we generally provide a deposit to the seller as consideration for the right to purchase land at different times in the future, usually at predetermined prices. Such contracts enable us to defer acquiring portions of properties owned by third parties or unconsolidated entities until we have determined whether and when to exercise our option, which reduces our financial risks associated with long-term land holdings. Option deposits and pre-acquisition costs (such as environmental testing, surveys, engineering, and entitlement costs) are capitalized if the costs are directly identifiable with the land under option, the costs would be capitalized if we owned the land, and acquisition of the property is probable. Such costs are reflected in other assets and are reclassified to inventory upon taking title to the land. We write off deposits and pre-acquisition costs when it becomes probable that we will not go forward with the project or recover the capitalized costs. Such decisions take into consideration changes in local market conditions, the timing of required land purchases, the availability and best use of necessary incremental capital, and other factors. We record any such write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs within other expense, net. If an entity holding the land under option is a variable interest entity ("VIE"), our deposit represents a variable interest in that entity. No VIEs required consolidation at either September 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020 because we determined that we were not the VIEs' primary beneficiary. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these VIEs is generally limited to our deposits and pre-acquisition costs under the land option agreements. The following provides a summary of our interests in land option agreements as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 ($000’s omitted): 13 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs Remaining Purchase Price Deposits and Pre-acquisition Costs Remaining Purchase Price Land options with VIEs $ 141,168 $ 2,163,429 $ 126,900 $ 1,586,551 Other land options 213,120 3,125,454 164,964 2,187,017 $ 354,288 $ 5,288,883 $ 291,864 $ 3,773,568 Land-related charges We recorded the following land-related charges ($000's omitted): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Statement of Operations Classification 2021 2020 2021 2020 Land impairments Home sale cost of revenues $ — $ 54 $ — $ 5,440 Net realizable value ("NRV") adjustments - land held for sale Land sale and other cost of revenues — 2 19 155 Write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs Other expense, net 3,567 1,692 6,801 8,335 $ 3,567 $ 1,748 $ 6,820 $ 13,930 Our evaluations for land impairments, NRV adjustments, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs are based on our best estimates of the future cash flows of our communities. Due to uncertainties in the estimation process, the significant volatility in demand for new housing, the long life cycles of certain of our communities, and potential changes in our strategy related to certain communities, actual results could differ significantly from such estimates. 3. Segment information Our Homebuilding operations are engaged in the acquisition and development of land primarily for residential purposes within the U.S. and the construction of housing on such land. For reporting purposes, our Homebuilding operations are aggregated into six reportable segments: Northeast: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia Southeast: Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee Florida: Florida Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio Texas: Texas West: Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington We also have a reportable segment for our Financial Services operations, which consist principally of mortgage banking, title, and insurance brokerage operations that operate generally in the same markets as the Homebuilding segments. 14 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Revenues: Northeast $ 273,261 $ 242,829 $ 735,602 $ 546,741 Southeast 587,875 434,782 1,541,910 1,275,039 Florida 740,569 623,971 2,157,374 1,712,180 Midwest 505,012 411,797 1,337,416 1,043,646 Texas 412,568 359,358 1,256,983 1,069,444 West 868,283 775,349 2,250,407 1,940,445 3,387,568 2,848,086 9,279,692 7,587,495 Financial Services 91,482 106,871 288,632 256,223 Consolidated revenues $ 3,479,050 $ 2,954,957 $ 9,568,324 $ 7,843,718 Income (loss) before income taxes: Northeast $ 53,410 $ 39,442 $ 132,604 $ 76,995 Southeast 109,407 69,275 274,174 196,798 Florida (a) 133,642 106,394 382,682 258,991 Midwest 72,537 62,638 196,205 137,707 Texas 71,062 64,646 221,099 178,150 West 173,137 121,974 403,039 279,393 Other homebuilding (b) ( 41,432 ) ( 44,266 ) ( 122,317 ) ( 67,128 ) 571,763 420,103 1,487,486 1,060,906 Financial Services 48,639 64,064 166,442 144,038 Consolidated income before income taxes $ 620,402 $ 484,167 $ 1,653,928 $ 1,204,944 (a) Includes goodwill impairment charge totaling $ 20.2 million (see Note 1 ) in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. (b) Other homebuilding includes the amortization of intangible assets and capitalized interest and other items not allocated to the operating segments. Other homebuilding also includes insurance adjustments of $ 53.7 million and $ 59.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively (see Note 8 ). Other homebuilding also includes a loss on debt retirement of $ 61.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (see Note 4 ). 15 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Operating Data by Segment ($000’s omitted) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Land-related charges (a) : Northeast $ 223 $ 419 $ 357 $ 5,264 Southeast 1,915 725 3,253 2,401 Florida 209 108 642 1,089 Midwest 477 190 969 1,466 Texas 141 82 932 1,068 West 602 170 667 1,844 Other homebuilding — 54 — 798 $ 3,567 $ 1,748 $ 6,820 $ 13,930 (a) Land-related charges include land impairments, NRV adjustments on land held for sale, and write-offs of deposits and pre-acquisition costs for land option contracts we elected not to pursue. Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) September 30, 2021 Homes Under Construction Land Under Development Raw Land Total Inventory Total Assets Northeast $ 388,349 $ 219,528 $ 19,342 $ 627,219 $ 720,459 Southeast 661,217 546,377 63,626 1,271,220 1,418,078 Florida 921,505 801,772 150,170 1,873,447 2,263,896 Midwest 590,282 426,622 22,623 1,039,527 1,158,792 Texas 575,372 454,218 81,310 1,110,900 1,226,423 West 1,275,338 1,120,100 245,503 2,640,941 2,899,079 Other homebuilding (a) 57,232 281,199 15,755 354,186 2,124,281 4,469,295 3,849,816 598,329 8,917,440 11,811,008 Financial Services — — — — 760,843 $ 4,469,295 $ 3,849,816 $ 598,329 $ 8,917,440 $ 12,571,851 16 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Operating Data by Segment ($000's omitted) December 31, 2020 Homes Under Construction Land Under Development Raw Land Total Inventory Total Assets Northeast $ 342,737 $ 203,561 $ 68,865 $ 615,163 $ 712,205 Southeast 465,950 645,408 69,937 1,181,295 1,296,382 Florida 638,394 921,962 116,709 1,677,065 1,967,788 Midwest 364,839 424,169 18,173 807,181 911,984 Texas 354,256 458,893 66,024 879,173 955,436 West 874,673 1,212,730 142,380 2,229,783 2,519,724 Other homebuilding (a) 45,891 270,595 15,652 332,138 3,149,871 3,086,740 4,137,318 497,740 7,721,798 11,513,390 Financial Services — — — — 692,108 $ 3,086,740 $ 4,137,318 $ 497,740 $ 7,721,798 $ 12,205,498 (a) Other homebuilding primarily includes cash and equivalents, capitalized interest, intangibles, deferred tax assets, and other corporate items that are not allocated to the operating segments. 4. Debt Notes payable Our notes payable are summarized as follows ($000’s omitted): September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 4.250 % unsecured senior notes due March 2021 (a) $ — $ 425,954 5.500 % unsecured senior notes due March 2026 (a) 500,000 700,000 5.000 % unsecured senior notes due January 2027 (a) 500,000 600,000 7.875 % unsecured senior notes due June 2032 (a) 300,000 300,000 6.375 % unsecured senior notes due May 2033 (a) 400,000 400,000 6.000 % unsecured senior notes due February 2035 (a) 300,000 300,000 Net premiums, discounts, and issuance costs (b) ( 11,502 ) ( 13,750 ) Total senior notes 1,988,498 2,712,204 Other notes payable 71,425 40,098 Notes payable $ 2,059,923 $ 2,752,302 Estimated fair value $ 2,582,625 $ 3,415,662 (a) Redeemable prior to maturity; guaranteed on a senior basis by certain wholly-owned subsidiaries. (b) The carrying value of senior notes reflects the impact of premiums, discounts, and issuance costs that are amortized to interest cost over the respective terms of the senior notes. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we accelerated the retirement of $ 200.0 million and $ 100.0 million of our unsecured notes scheduled to mature in 2026 and 2027, respectively, through a cash tender offer. The retirement resulted in a loss of $ 61.5 million, which includes the write-off of debt issuance costs, unamortized discounts and premiums, and transaction fees. 17 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Other notes payable include notes with third parties that totaled $ 71.4 million and $ 40.1 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. These notes have maturities ranging up to four years , are secured by the applicable land positions, and generally have no recourse to other assets. The stated interest rates on these notes range up to 6 %. Revolving credit facility We maintain a revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility") maturing in June 2023 that has a maximum borrowing capacity of $ 1.0 billion and contains an uncommitted accordion feature that could increase the capacity to $ 1.5 billion, subject to certain conditions and availability of additional bank commitments. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for the issuance of letters of credit that reduce the available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility, with a sublimit of $ 500.0 million at September 30, 2021. The interest rate on borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be based on either the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or a base rate plus an applicable margin, as defined therein. As a precautionary measure during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, we made the decision in March 2020 to draw $ 700.0 million under the Revolving Credit Facility. In June 2020, we repaid the full outstanding balance of $ 700.0 million. We had no borrowings outstanding at either September 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020, and $ 282.3 million and $ 249.7 million of letters of credit issued under the Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Revolving Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Tangible Net Worth, a minimum Interest Coverage Ratio, and a maximum Debt-to-Capitalization Ratio (as each term is defined in the Revolving Credit Facility). As of September 30, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants. Our available and unused borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, net of outstanding letters of credit, amounted to $ 717.7 million and $ 750.3 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Financial Services debt Pulte Mortgage maintains a master repurchase agreement with third party lenders (as amended, the "Repurchase Agreement") that matures on July 28, 2022. The maximum aggregate commitment was $ 580.0 million at September 30, 2021, which will increase to $ 650.0 million during the seasonally high borrowing period from December 27, 2021 through January 13, 2022. At all other times, the maximum aggregate commitment ranges from $ 460.0 million to $ 550.0 million. Borrowings under the Repurchase Agreement are secured by residential mortgage loans available-for-sale. The Repurchase Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants applicable to Pulte Mortgage, including quantitative thresholds related to net worth, net income, and liquidity. Pulte Mortgage had $ 476.5 million and $ 411.8 million outstanding under the Repurchase Agreement at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, and was in compliance with all of its covenants and requirements as of such dates. 5. Shareholders’ equity In the nine months ended September 30, 2021, we declared cash dividends totaling $ 110.3 million and repurchased 12.0 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $ 614.3 million. In the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we declared cash dividends totaling $ 97.5 million and repurchased 2.8 million shares under our repurchase authorization for $ 95.7 million. On April 26, 2021, the Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase authorization of $ 1.0 billion. At September 30, 2021, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $ 740.6 million of common shares. Under our share-based compensation plans, we accept shares as payment under certain conditions related to stock option exercises and vesting of shares, generally related to the payment of minimum tax obligations. In the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, participants surrendered shares valued at $ 10.6 million and $ 14.9 million, respectively, under these plans. Such share transactions are excluded from the above noted share repurchase authorization. 18 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 6. Income taxes Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was 23.3 % and 22.4 %, respectively, compared to 14.0 % and 19.6 %, respectively, for the same periods in 2020. Our effective tax rate for each of these periods differs from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state income tax expense and benefits associated with federal energy efficient home credits. Income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes benefits of $ 53.2 million and $ 58.0 million, respectively, associated with the extension of federal energy efficient homes tax credits, including to homes closed in prior open tax years. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 also reflects a reduction in valuation allowances relating to projected utilization of certain state net operating loss carryforwards. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had net deferred tax assets of $ 19.9 million and $ 32.7 million, respectively. The accounting for deferred taxes is based upon estimates of future results. Differences between estimated and actual results could result in changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets that could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial position. Changes in existing tax laws could also affect actual tax results and the realization of deferred tax assets over time. Unrecognized tax benefits represent the difference between tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return and the benefits recognized for financial statement purposes. We had $ 23.9 million and $ 30.9 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Additionally, we had accrued interest and penalties of $ 4.0 million and $ 2.8 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. 7. Fair value disclosures ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” provides a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The fair value hierarchy can be summarized as follows: Level 1 Fair value determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 Fair value determined using significant observable inputs, generally either quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities or quoted prices in markets that are not active. Level 3 Fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs, such as pricing models, discounted cash flows, or similar techniques. Our assets and liabilities measured or disclosed at fair value are summarized below ($000’s omitted): 19 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Financial Instrument Fair Value Hierarchy Fair Value September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020 Measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Residential mortgage loans available-for-sale Level 2 $ 601,408 $ 564,979 IRLCs Level 2 11,670 16,161 Forward contracts Level 2 4,564 ( 5,436 ) Whole loan commitments Level 2 1,177 ( 498 ) Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis: House and land inventory Level 3 $ — $ 582 Disclosed at fair value: Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash Level 1 $ 1,624,651 $ 2,632,235 Financial Services debt Level 2 476,504 411,821 Senior notes payable Level 2 2,511,200 3,375,564 Other notes payable Level 2 71,425 40,098 Fair values for agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on quoted market prices for comparable instruments. Fair values for non-agency residential mortgage loans available-for-sale are determined based on purchase commitments from whole loan investors and other relevant market information available to management. Fair values for IRLCs, including the value of servicing rights, and forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities are valued based on market prices for similar instruments. Fair values for whole loan commitments are based on market prices for similar instruments from the specific whole loan investor. Certain assets are required to be recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The non-recurring fair values included in the above table represent only those assets whose carrying values were adjusted to fair value as of the respective balance sheet dates. The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, Financial Services debt and other notes payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature and/or floating interest rate terms. The fair values of senior notes are based on quoted market prices, when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar issues. The carrying value of senior notes was $ 2.0 billion and $ 2.7 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. 8. Commitments and contingencies Letters of credit and surety bonds In the normal course of business, we post letters of credit and surety bonds pursuant to certain performance-related obligations, as security for certain land option agreements, and under various insurance programs. The majority of these letters of credit and surety bonds are in support of our land development and construction obligations to various municipalities, other government agencies, and utility companies related to the construction of roads, sewers, and other infrastructure. We had outstanding letters of credit and surety bonds totaling $ 282.3 million and $ 1.8 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2021 and $ 249.7 million and $ 1.5 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2020. In the event any such letter of credit or surety bond is drawn, we would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or surety bond. Our surety bonds generally do not have stated expiration dates; rather we are released from the surety bonds as the underlying contractual performance is completed. Because significant construction and development work has been performed related to projects that have not yet received final acceptance by the respective counterparties, the aggregate amount of surety bonds outstanding is in excess of the projected cost of the remaining work to be performed. We do not believe that a material amount, if any, of the letters of credit or surety bonds will be drawn. 20 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Litigation and regulatory matters We are involved in various litigation and legal claims in the normal course of our business operations, including actions brought on behalf of various classes of claimants. We are also subject to a variety of local, state, and federal laws and regulations related to land development activities, house construction standards, sales practices, mortgage lending operations, employment practices, and protection of the environment. As a result, we are subject to periodic examination or inquiry by various governmental agencies that administer these laws and regulations. We establish liabilities for litigation, legal claims, and regulatory matters when such matters are both probable of occurring and any potential loss is reasonably estimable. We accrue for such matters based on the facts and circumstances specific to each matter and revise these estimates as the matters evolve. In such cases, there may exist an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts currently accrued. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these legal and regulatory matters, we generally cannot predict the ultimate resolution of the pending matters, the related timing, or the eventual loss. While the outcome of such contingencies cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the resolution of such matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. However, to the extent the liability arising from the ultimate resolution of any matter exceeds the estimates reflected in the recorded reserves relating to such matter, we could incur additional charges that could be significant. Product warranty Home purchasers are provided with a limited warranty against certain building defects, including a one-year comprehensive limited warranty and coverage for certain other aspects of the home’s construction and operating systems for periods of up to, and, in limited instances, exceeding, 10 years. We estimate the costs to be incurred under these warranties and record liabilities in the amount of such costs at the time product revenue is recognized. Factors that affect our warranty liabilities include the number of homes sold, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and the projected cost per claim. We periodically assess the adequacy of the warranty liabilities for each geographic market in which we operate and adjust the amounts as necessary. Actual warranty costs in the future could differ from the current estimates. Changes to warranty liabilities were as follows ($000’s omitted): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Warranty liabilities, beginning of period $ 87,759 $ 86,278 $ 82,744 $ 91,389 Reserves provided 22,993 15,320 61,801 47,364 Payments ( 19,346 ) ( 18,551 ) ( 53,150 ) ( 52,741 ) Other adjustments 317 501 328 ( 2,464 ) Warranty liabilities, end of period $ 91,723 $ 83,548 $ 91,723 $ 83,548 Self-insured risks We maintain, and require our subcontractors to maintain, general liability insurance coverage. We also maintain builders' risk, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. These insurance policies protect us against a portion of the risk of loss from claims. However, we retain a significant portion of the overall risk for such claims either through policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries or through our own self-insured per occurrence and aggregate retentions, deductibles, and claims in excess of available insurance policy limits. Our general liability insurance includes coverage for certain construction defects. While construction defect claims can relate to a variety of circumstances, the majority of our claims relate to alleged problems with siding, plumbing, foundations and other concrete work, windows, roofing, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. The availability of general liability insurance for the homebuilding industry and its subcontractors has become increasingly limited, and the insurance policies available require us to maintain significant per occurrence and aggregate retention levels. In certain instances, we may offer our subcontractors the opportunity to purchase insurance through one of our captive insurance subsidiaries or participate in a project-specific insurance program provided by us. Policies issued by our captive insurance subsidiaries represent self-insurance of these risks by us. A portion of this self-insured exposure is limited by reinsurance policies that we purchase. General liability coverage for the homebuilding industry is complex, and our coverage varies from policy year to policy year. 21 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Our insurance coverage requires a per occurrence deductible up to an overall aggregate retention level. Beginning with the first dollar, amounts paid to satisfy insured claims generally apply to our per occurrence and aggregate retention obligations. Any amounts incurred in excess of the occurrence or aggregate retention levels are covered by insurance up to our purchased coverage levels. Our insurance policies, including the captive insurance subsidiaries' reinsurance policies, are maintained with highly-rated underwriters for whom we believe counterparty default risk is not significant. At any point in time, we are managing approximately 1,000 individual claims related to general liability, property, errors and omissions, workers' compensation, and other business insurance coverage. We reserve for costs associated with such claims (including expected claims management expenses) on an undiscounted basis at the time revenue is recognized for each home closing and periodically evaluate the recorded liabilities based on actuarial analyses of our historical claims. The actuarial analyses calculate estimates of the ultimate net cost of all unpaid losses, including estimates for incurred but not reported losses ("IBNR"). IBNR represents losses related to claims incurred but not yet reported plus development on reported claims. Our recorded reserves for all such claims totaled $ 624.7 million and $ 641.8 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The recorded reserves include loss estimates related to both (i) existing claims and related claim expenses and (ii) IBNR and related claim expenses. Liabilities related to IBNR and related claim expenses represented approximately 70 % and 68 % of the total general liability reserves at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The actuarial analyses that determine the IBNR portion of reserves consider a variety of factors, including the frequency and severity of losses, which are based on our historical claims experience supplemented by industry data. The actuarial analyses of the reserves also consider historical third party recovery rates and claims management expenses. Housing market conditions can be volatile, and we believe such conditions can affect the frequency and cost of construction defect claims. Additionally, IBNR estimates comprise the majority of our liability and are subject to a high degree of uncertainty due to a variety of factors, including changes in claims reporting and resolution patterns, third party recoveries, insurance industry practices, the regulatory environment, and legal precedent. State regulations vary, but construction defect claims are typically reported and resolved over an extended period, often exceeding ten years. Changes in the frequency and timing of reported claims and estimates of specific claim values can impact the underlying inputs and trends utilized in the actuarial analyses, which could have a material impact on the recorded reserves. Additionally, the amount of insurance coverage available for each policy period also impacts our recorded reserves. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating future losses and the timing of such losses related to these claims, actual costs could differ significantly from estimated costs. Adjustments to reserves are recorded in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. We reduced general liability reserves by $ 56.6 million and $ 59.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, as a result of changes in estimates resulting from actual claim experience being less than anticipated in previous actuarial projections. The changes in actuarial estimates were driven by changes in actual claims experience that, in turn, impacted actuarial estimates for potential future claims. These changes in actuarial estimates did not involve any changes in actuarial methodology but did impact the development of estimates for future periods, which resulted in adjustments to the IBNR portion of our recorded liabilities. Costs associated with our insurance programs are classified within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Changes in these liabilities were as follows ($000's omitted): Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, 2021 2020 2021 2020 Balance, beginning of period $ 620,617 $ 640,014 $ 641,779 $ 709,798 Reserves provided 21,569 21,992 64,018 60,618 Adjustments to previously recorded reserves ( 1,349 ) — ( 56,567 ) ( 59,362 ) Payments, net (a) ( 16,175 ) ( 9,460 ) ( 24,568 ) ( 58,508 ) Balance, end of period $ 624,662 $ 652,546 $ 624,662 $ 652,546 (a) Includes net changes in amounts expected to be recovered from our insurance carriers, which are recorded in other assets (see below). Estimates of anticipated recoveries of our costs under various insurance policies or from subcontractors or other third parties are recorded when recovery is considered probable. Such receivables are recorded in other assets and totaled $ 67.8 million and 22 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) $ 69.5 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Those receivables relate to costs incurred to perform corrective repairs, settle claims with customers, and other costs related to the continued progression of construction defect claims that we believe are insured. Given the complexity inherent with resolving construction defect claims in the homebuilding industry described above, there generally exists a significant lag between our payment of claims and our reimbursements from applicable insurance carriers or third parties. In addition, disputes between homebuilders and insurance carriers or third parties over coverage positions relating to construction defect claims are common. Resolution of claims involves the exchange of significant amounts of information and frequently involves legal action. Leases We lease certain office space and equipment for use in our operations. We recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and combine lease and non-lease components for all leases. Right-of-use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet for all leases with an expected term of at least one year. Some leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at our discretion. The depreciable lives of ROU assets and leasehold improvements are limited to the expected lease term. Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments based on a pro-rata share of the lessor’s operating costs which are variable in nature. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. ROU assets are classified within other assets on the balance sheet, while lease liabilities are classified within accrued and other liabilities. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. ROU assets and lease liabilities were $ 78.0 million and $ 96.9 million at September 30, 2021, respectively, and $ 71.3 million and $ 91.4 million at December 31, 2020, respectively. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded an additional $ 2.1 million and $ 15.2 million of lease liabilities under operating leases, respectively, and $ 13.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Payments on lease liabilities in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 totaled $ 5.1 million and $ 15.6 million, respectively, and $ 4.8 million and $ 14.8 million in the comparable prior year periods. Lease expense includes costs for leases with terms in excess of one year as well as short-term leases with terms of less than one year. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, our total lease expense was $ 10.6 million and $ 31.2 million, respectively, and $ 9.6 million and $ 28.2 million in the comparable prior year periods. Our total lease expense is inclusive of variable lease costs of $ 1.6 million and $ 5.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, and $ 1.5 million and $ 4.9 million in the comparable prior year periods, as well as short-term lease costs of $ 3.7 million and $ 9.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, and $ 2.6 million and $ 6.6 million in the comparable prior year periods. Sublease income was de minimis. The future minimum lease payments required under our leases as of September 30, 2021 were as follows ($000's omitted): Years Ending December 31, 2021 (a) $ 5,571 2022 24,395 2023 22,433 2024 16,270 2025 11,463 Thereafter 26,092 Total lease payments (b) 106,224 Less: Interest (c) 9,292 Present value of lease liabilities (d) $ 96,932 (a) Remaining payments are for the three months ended December 31, 2021. (b) Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. There were $ 3.0 million of legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced at September 30, 2021. (c) Our leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, we must estimate our discount rate for such leases to determine the present value of lease payments at the lease commencement date. 23 PULTEGROUP, INC. NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (d) The weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate used in calculating our lease liabilities were 5.4 years and 5.53 %, respectively, at September 30, 2021. 24