PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements The condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared by Simmons Bank as Trustee for the Permian Basin Royalty Trust (the “Trust”), without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Effective February 20, 2018, Simmons Bank (the “Trustee”) became the new trustee for the Trust. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Trustee believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. It is suggested that these condensed interim financial statements and notes thereto be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Trust’s latest annual report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of the Trustee, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the assets, liabilities and trust corpus of the Trust as of September 30, 2022, the distributable income and the changes in trust corpus for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, have been included. The distributable income for such interim periods is not necessarily indicative of the distributable income for the full year. Unless specified otherwise, all amounts included herein are presented in US dollars. The condensed interim financial statements as of September 30, 2022 and for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, included herein, have been reviewed by Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein. Page Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID Number 410) 3 Condensed Statement of Assets, Liabilities, and Trust Corpus 5 Condensed Statement of Distributable Income (Unaudited) 6 Condensed Statement of Changes in Trust Corpus (Unaudited) 8 2 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Unit Holders of Permian Basin Royalty Trust and Simmons Bank, Trustee Dallas, Texas Results of Review of Interim Financial Statements We have reviewed the accompanying condensed statements of assets, liabilities and trust corpus of Permian Basin Royalty Trust (the “Trust”) as of September 30, 2022, and the related condensed statements of distributable income and changes in trust corpus for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “condensed interim financial statements or interim financial information”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying condensed interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with the modified cash basis of accounting, which is a comprehensive basis of accounting other than accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. As described in Note 2 to the condensed interim financial statements, these condensed interim financial statements were prepared on a modified cash basis of accounting, which is a comprehensive basis of accounting other than accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the statement of assets, liabilities, and trust corpus as of December 31, 2021, and the related statements of distributable income and changes in trust corpus for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated March 30, 2022 we expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed statement of assets, liabilities and trust corpus as of December 31, 2021, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the statement of assets, liabilities, and trust corpus from which it has been derived. Basis for Review Results These condensed interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Trustee. We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Trust in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 3 A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion. /s/ WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P. Dallas, TX November 14, 2022 4 PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND TRUST CORPUS September 30, 2022 (Unaudited) December 31, 2021 ASSETS Cash and short-term investments $ 11,524,889 $ 2,248,527 Net overriding royalty interests in producing oil and gas properties (net of accumulated amortization of $10,665,077 and $10,622,528 September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively) 310,139 352,688 TOTAL ASSETS $ 11,835,028 $ 2,601,215 LIABILITIES AND TRUST CORPUS Distribution payable to Unit holders $ 10,424,889 $ 1,148,527 Commitments and reserves for contingencies (Note 6) 1,100,000 1,100,000 Trust corpus – 46,608,796 Units of beneficial interest authorized and outstanding 310,139 352,688 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND TRUST CORPUS $ 11,835,028 $ 2,601,215 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements. 5 PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF DISTRIBUTABLE INCOME (UNAUDITED) THREE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2022 THREE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2021 Royalty income $ 27,323,759 $ 3,344,086 Interest income 11,452 1,273 27,335,211 3,345,359 General and administrative expenditures (136,712 ) (361,096 ) Distributable income $ 27,198,499 $ 2,984,263 Distributable income per Unit (46,608,796 Units) $ .58 $ .06 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements. 6 PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF DISTRIBUTABLE INCOME (UNAUDITED) NINE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2022 NINE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2021 Royalty income $ 39,032,624 $ 8,409,389 Interest income 14,470 3,859 39,047,094 8,413,247 General and administrative expenditures (755,594 ) (931,140 ) Distributable income $ 38,291,500 $ 7,482,108 Distributable income per Unit (46,608,796 Units) $ .82 $ .16 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements. 7 PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN TRUST CORPUS (UNAUDITED) THREE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2022 THREE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2021 Trust corpus, beginning of period $ 326,085 $ 361,333 Amortization of net overriding royalty interests (15,946 ) (14,090 ) Distributable income 27,198,499 2,984,263 Distributions declared (27,198,499 ) (2,984,263 ) Total Trust Corpus, end of period $ 310,139 $ 347,243 Distributions per Unit $ .58 $ .06 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements. 8 PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN TRUST CORPUS (UNAUDITED) NINE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2022 NINE MONTHS ENDED September 30, 2021 Trust corpus, beginning of period $ 352,688 $ 382,876 Amortization of net overriding royalty interests (42,549 ) (35,633 ) Distributable income 38,291,500 7,482,108 Distributions declared (38,291,500 ) (7,482,108 ) Total Trust Corpus, end of period $ 310,139 $ 347,243 Distributions per Unit $ .82 $ .16 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements. 9 PERMIAN BASIN ROYALTY TRUST NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 1. TRUST ORGANIZATION AND PROVISIONS The Permian Basin Royalty Trust (“Trust”) was established as of November 1, 1980. Simmons Bank (“Trustee”) is Trustee for the Trust. The net overriding royalties conveyed to the Trust include (1) a 75% net overriding royalty in Southland Royalty Company’s fee mineral interest in the Waddell Ranch in Crane County, Texas (the “Waddell Ranch properties”) and (2) a 95% net overriding royalty carved out of Southland Royalty Company’s major producing royalty properties in Texas (the “Texas Royalty properties”). The net overriding royalty for the Texas Royalty properties is subject to the provisions of the lease agreements under which such royalties were created. The net overriding royalties above are collectively referred to as the “Royalties.” On November 3, 1980, Units of Beneficial Interest (“Units”) in the Trust were distributed to the Trustee for the benefit of Southland Royalty Company’s shareholders of record as of November 3, 1980, who received one Unit in the Trust for each share of Southland Royalty Company common stock held. The Units are traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Burlington Resources Oil & Gas Company LP (“BROG”), a subsidiary of ConocoPhillips, was the interest owner for the Waddell Ranch properties and Riverhill Energy Corporation (“Riverhill Energy”), formerly a wholly owned subsidiary of Riverhill Capital Corporation (“Riverhill Capital”) and formerly an affiliate of Coastal Management Corporation (“CMC”), is the interest owner for the Texas Royalty properties. In February 1997, BROG sold its interest in the Texas Royalty properties to Riverhill Energy. Riverhill Energy currently conducts all field, technical and accounting operations for the Texas Royalty Properties. BROG notified the Trust that on November 1, 2019, the Waddell Ranch properties that are subject to the Net Overriding Royalty Conveyance (Permian Basin Royalty Trust-Waddell Ranch) dated November 1, 1980, were sold to Blackbeard Operating, LLC (“Blackbeard”) of Fort Worth, Texas. Blackbeard became the operator effective as of April 1, 2020. The Trustee was advised that in the first quarter of 1998, Schlumberger Technology Corporation (“STC”) acquired all of the shares of stock of Riverhill Capital. Prior to such acquisition by STC, CMC and Riverhill Energy were wholly owned subsidiaries of Riverhill Capital. The Trustee was further advised that in connection with STC’s acquisition of Riverhill Capital, the shareholders of Riverhill Capital acquired ownership of all of the shares of stock of Riverhill Energy. Thus, the ownership in the Texas Royalty properties referenced above remained in Riverhill Energy, the stock ownership of which was acquired by the former shareholders of Riverhill Capital. 10 On January 9, 2014, Bank of America N.A. (as successor to The First National Bank of Fort Worth) gave notice to Unit holders that it would be resigning as trustee of the Trust subject to certain conditions that included the appointment of Southwest Bank as successor trustee. At a Special Meeting of Trust Unit holders, the Unit holders approved the appointment of Southwest Bank as successor trustee of the Trust once the resignation of Bank of America N.A. took effect and also approved certain amendments to the Trust Indenture. The effective date of Bank of America N.A.’s resignation and the effective date of Southwest Bank’s appointment as successor trustee was August 29, 2014. Effective October 19, 2017, Simmons First National Corporation (“SFNC”) completed its acquisition of First Texas BHC, Inc., the parent company of Southwest Bank. SFNC is the parent company of Simmons Bank. SFNC merged Southwest Bank with Simmons Bank effective February 20, 2018. The defined term “Trustee” as used herein shall refer to Bank of America N.A. for periods prior to August 29, 2014, and shall refer to Southwest Bank for periods from August 29, 2014 through February 19, 2018 and shall refer to Simmons Bank for periods on and after February 20, 2018. On November 4, 2021, the Trustee announced that it has entered into an agreement with Argent Trust Company, a Tennessee chartered trust company (“Argent”), pursuant to which the Trustee will be resigning as trustee of the Trust and will nominate Argent as successor trustee of the Trust. The Trustee’s resignation as trustee, and Argent’s appointment as successor trustee, are subject to certain conditions set forth in the agreement, including approval by the Unit holders of the Trust (which approval was received on May 4, 2022) and of certain other trusts of which Simmons Bank acts as trustee (or a court) of (i) Argent’s appointment as successor trustee and (ii) any amendments to the Indenture of the Trust and the trust agreements and indentures of the other trusts necessary to permit Argent to serve as successor trustee. The effective date of Simmons Bank’s resignation and Argent’s appointment as successor trustee is anticipated to be December 30, 2022, subject to satisfaction or waiver of the remaining closing conditions. The terms of the Trust Indenture provide, among other things, that: • the Trust shall not engage in any business or commercial activity of any kind or acquire any assets other than those initially conveyed to the Trust; • the Trustee may not sell all or any part of the Royalties unless approved by holders of 75% of all Units outstanding in which case the sale must be for cash and the proceeds promptly distributed; 11 • the Trustee may establish a cash reserve for the payment of any liability which is contingent or uncertain in amount; • the Trustee is authorized to borrow funds to pay liabilities of the Trust; and • the Trustee will make monthly cash distributions to Unit holders (see Note 3). 2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Accounting The financial statements of the Trust are prepared on the following basis: • Royalty income recorded for a month is the amount computed and paid to the Trustee on behalf of the Trust by the interest owners. Royalty income consists of the amounts received by the owners of the interest burdened by the Royalties from the sale of production less accrued production costs, development and drilling costs, applicable taxes, operating charges and other costs and deductions multiplied by 75% in the case of the Waddell Ranch properties and 95% in the case of the Texas Royalty properties. • Trust expenses, consisting principally of routine general and administrative costs, recorded are based on liabilities paid and cash reserves established out of cash received or borrowed funds for liabilities and contingencies. • Distributions to Unit holders are recorded when declared by the Trustee. The financial statements of the Trust differ from financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) because revenues are not accrued in the month of production, expenses are recorded when paid and certain cash reserves may be established for contingencies which would not be accrued in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. Amortization of the Royalties calculated on a unit-of-production basis is charged directly to trust corpus. This comprehensive basis of accounting other than GAAP corresponds to the accounting permitted for royalty trusts by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as specified by Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 12:E, Financial Statements of Royalty Trusts . 12 Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with the basis of accounting described above requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses as of and for the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from such estimates. Contingencies Contingencies related to the underlying properties that are unfavorably resolved would generally be reflected by the Trust as reductions to future royalty income payments to the Trust with corresponding reductions to cash distributions to Unit holders. Distributable Income Per Unit Basic distributable income per Unit is computed by dividing distributable income by the weighted average of Units outstanding. Distributable income per Unit assuming dilution is computed by dividing distributable income by the weighted average number of Units and equivalent Units outstanding. The Trust had no equivalent Units outstanding for any period presented. Therefore, basic distributable income per Unit and distributable income per Unit assuming dilution are the same. New Accounting Pronouncements There are no new accounting pronouncements that are expected to have significant impact on the Trust’s financial statements. 3. NET OVERRIDING ROYALTY INTERESTS AND DISTRIBUTION TO UNIT HOLDERS The amounts to be distributed to Unit holders (“Monthly Distribution Amounts”) are determined on a monthly basis. The Monthly Distribution Amount is an amount equal to the sum of cash received by the Trustee during a calendar month attributable to the Royalties, any reduction in cash reserves and any other cash receipts of the Trust, including interest, reduced by the sum of liabilities paid and any increase in cash reserves. If the Monthly Distribution Amount for any monthly period is a negative number, then the distribution will be zero for such month. To the extent the distribution amount is a negative number, that amount will be carried forward and deducted from future monthly distributions until the cumulative distribution calculation becomes a positive number, at which time a distribution will be made. Unit holders of record will be entitled to receive the calculated Monthly Distribution Amount for each month on or before 10 business days after the monthly record date, which is generally the last business day of each calendar month. 13 The cash received by the Trustee consists of the amounts received by owners of the interest burdened by the Royalties from the sale of production less the sum of applicable taxes, accrued production costs, development and drilling costs, operating charges and other costs and deductions, multiplied by 75% in the case of the Waddell Ranch properties and 95% in the case of the Texas Royalty properties. 4. FEDERAL INCOME TAXES For federal income tax purposes, the Trust constitutes a fixed investment trust that is taxed as a grantor trust. A grantor trust is not subject to federal income tax at the trust level. The Unit holders are considered for federal tax purposes to own the Trust’s income and principal as though no trust were in existence. The income of the Trust is deemed to have been received or accrued by each Unit holder at the time such income is received or accrued by the Trust and not when distributed by the Trust. If the Trust borrows funds to pay liabilities of the Trust, as contemplated in the Trust Indenture, tax-exempt Unit holders could be required to recognize unrelated business taxable income. 5. STATE TAX CONSIDERATIONS All revenues from the Trust are from sources within Texas, which does not impose an individual income tax. Texas imposes a franchise tax at a rate of 0.75% on gross revenues less certain deductions, as specifically set forth in the Texas franchise tax statutes. Entities subject to the Texas franchise tax generally include trusts and most other types of entities that provide limited liability protection, unless otherwise exempt. Trusts that receive at least 90% of their federal gross income from certain passive sources, including royalties from mineral properties and other non-operated mineral interest income, and do not receive more than 10% of their income from operating an active trade or business, generally are exempt from the Texas franchise tax as “passive entities.” The Trust has been and expects to continue to be exempt from Texas franchise tax as a passive entity. Because the Trust should be exempt from Texas franchise tax at the Trust level as a passive entity, each Unit holder that is a taxable entity under the Texas franchise tax generally will be required to include its portion of Trust revenues in its own Texas franchise tax computation. This revenue is sourced to Texas under provisions of the Texas Administrative Code providing that such income is sourced according to the principal place of business of the Trust, which is Texas. 14 Unit holders should consult their tax advisors regarding state tax requirements, if any, applicable to such Unit holder’s ownership of Trust units. 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Contingencies related to the Underlying Properties that are unfavorably resolved would generally be reflected by the Trust as reductions to future royalty income payments to the Trust with corresponding reductions to cash distributions to Unit holders. 7. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS Subsequent to September 30, 2022, the Trust declared a distribution on October 21, 2022, of $0.208587 per Unit payable on November 15, 2022 to Unit holders of record on October 31, 2022. * * * * * 15 Item 2. Trustee’s Discussion and Analysis Forward Looking Information Certain information included in this report contains, and other materials filed or to be filed by the Trust with the Securities and Exchange Commission (as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made or to be made by the Trust) may contain or include, forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Such forward looking statements may be or may concern, among other things, capital expenditures, drilling activity, development activities, production efforts and volumes, hydrocarbon prices and the results thereof, and regulatory matters. Although the Trustee believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, such expectations are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties and the Trustee can give no assurance that they will prove correct. There are many factors, none of which are within the Trustee’s control, that may cause such expectations not to be realized, including, among other things, factors such as actual oil and gas prices and the recoverability of reserves, capital expenditures, general economic conditions, actions and policies of petroleum-producing nations and other changes in the domestic and international energy markets. Such forward looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “estimate,” “expect,” “predict,” “anticipate,” “goal,” “should,” “assume,” “believe,” or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Commodity Prices The Trust’s income and monthly distributions are heavily influenced by commodity prices. Commodity prices may fluctuate widely in response to (i) relatively minor changes in the supply of and demand for oil and natural gas, (ii) market uncertainty and (iii) a variety of additional factors that are beyond the Trustee’s control. In 2020, there was a substantial decrease in oil and natural gas prices due in part to significantly decreased demand as a result of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic and an oversupply of crude oil driven by a dispute between members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and Russia over production cuts; however, prices increased significantly beginning in 2021 and continued into the second quarter of 2022 before falling a bit in the third quarter 2022. Factors which may affect commodity prices are discussed below and under “Item 1A—Risk Factors” in the Trust’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. A combination of these factors resulted in the price of oil falling below zero to $(37.63) per barrel of oil on April 20, 2020, and recovering the following day to $10.01 per barrel of oil. As of October 31, 2022, the price of oil was $86.54 per barrel. Factors that may impact future commodity prices, including the price of oil and natural gas, include but are not limited to: 16 • political conditions in major oil producing regions, especially in the Middle East and Russia; • worldwide economic conditions; • weather conditions; • trade barriers; • public health concerns, including the COVID 19 pandemic; • the supply and price of domestic and foreign crude oil or natural gas; • the level of consumer demand; • the price and availability of alternative fuels; • the proximity to, and capacity of, transportation facilities; • the effect of worldwide energy conservation measures; and • the nature and extent of governmental regulation and taxation. Although the Trustee cannot predict the occurrence of events that may affect future commodity prices or the degree to which these prices will be affected, gas royalty income for a given period generally relates to production three months prior to the period and crude oil royalty income for a given period generally relates to production two months prior to the period and will generally approximate current market prices in the geographic region of the production at the time of production. When crude oil and natural gas prices decline, the Trust is affected in two ways. First, distributable income from the Royalty Properties is reduced. Second, exploration and development activity by operators on the Royalty Properties may decline as some projects may become uneconomic and are either delayed or eliminated. It is impossible to predict future crude oil and natural gas price movements, and this reduces the predictability of future cash distributions to Unit holders. Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 For the quarter ended September 30, 2022, royalty income received by the Trust amounted to $27,323,759 compared to royalty income of $3,344,086 during the third quarter of 2021. The increase in royalty income is primarily attributable to an increase in oil and gas pricing and an increase in oil and gas production. Average oil and gas prices were $108.75 and $6.60, respectively, for the quarter ending September 30, 2022 compared to $68.34 and $3.36 for the quarter ended September 30, 2021. 17 Interest income for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 was $11,452 compared to $1,273 during the third quarter of 2021. The increase in interest income is primarily attributable to substantially increased amounts of funds available for investment. Total expenses during the third quarter of 2022 amounted to $136,712 compared to $361,096 during the third quarter of 2021. The decrease in total expenses can be primarily attributed to decreased expense for professional services, printing expenses and the timing of payment of expenses. These transactions resulted in distributable income for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 of $27,198,499 or $0.58 per Unit of beneficial interest. Distributions of $0.163979, $0.195923 and $0.223645 per Unit were made to Unit holders of record as of July 29, 2022, August 31, 2022, and September 30, 2022, respectively. For the third quarter of 2021, distributable income was $2,984,263 or $0.06 per Unit of beneficial interest. Royalty income for the Trust for the third quarter of the calendar year is associated with actual oil and gas production for the period of May, June and July 2022 from the properties from which the Trust’s net overriding royalty interests (“Royalties”) were carved. Oil and gas sales attributable to the Royalties and the properties from which the Royalties were carved are as follows: 18 Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 2021 Royalties: Oil sales (Bbls) 468,501 264,235 Gas sales (Mcf) 2,580,493 920,432 Properties From Which The Royalties Were Carved: Oil: Total oil sales (Bbls) 612,050 342,171 Average per day (Bbls) 6,801 3,802 Average price per Bbl $ 108.75 $ 68.34 Gas: Total gas sales (Mcf) 3,434,117 1,221,263 Average per day (Mcf) 38,157 13,420 Average price per Mcf $ 6.60 $ 3.36 The average received price of oil increased to an average price per barrel of $108.75 in the third quarter of 2022, compared to $68.34 per Bbl in the third quarter of 2021 due to worldwide market variables. The average price of gas (including natural gas liquids) increased from $3.36 per Mcf in the third quarter of 2021 to $6.60 (including pricing for gas liquids) per Mcf in the third quarter of 2022 due to change in overall market variables. Since the oil and gas sales attributable to the Royalties are based on an allocation formula that is dependent on such factors as price and cost (including capital expenditures), the production amounts in the Royalties section of the above table do not provide a meaningful comparison. Oil sales volumes increased and gas sales volumes increased from the Underlying Properties (as defined in the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021) for the applicable period in 2022 compared to 2021. Capital expenditures for drilling, remedial and maintenance activities on the Waddell Ranch properties during the third quarter of 2022 totaled $34.7 million (gross) as compared to $26.8 million (gross) for the third quarter of 2021. Blackbeard has previously informed the Trustee that the Trust’s portion of the 2022 capital expenditures budget for the Waddell Ranch properties is $92.6 million. 19 The Trustee has been advised that there were 10.1 (net to the Trust) workover wells completed, 12.4 (net to the Trust) new wells completed, 4.5 (net to the Trust) new wells in progress and 2.6 (net to the Trust) workover wells in progress during the three months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to 13.9 (net to the Trust) workover wells completed and 7.1 (net to the Trust) new wells completed, 9.4 (net to the Trust) new wells in progress, and 12.6 (net to the Trust) workover wells in progress for the three months ended September 30, 2021, on the Waddell Ranch properties. There were various facility projects in progress for the third quarter of 2022. Lease operating expenses and property taxes totaled $11.5 million (gross) for the third quarter of 2022, compared to $6.6 million (gross) for the same period in 2021 on the Waddell Ranch properties due to increased maintenance work. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, royalty income received by the Trust amounted to $39,032,624 compared to royalty income of $8,409,389 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in royalty income is primarily attributable to an increase in oil and gas pricing, also by an increase in oil and gas production, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The Waddell Ranch properties did not contribute to royalty income for the nine months of 2021 due to excess costs. Average oil and gas prices were $96.49 and $5.56 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $58.79 and $2.92 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, was $14,470 compared to $3,859 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in interest income is primarily attributable to substantially increased amounts of funds available for investment. Total expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, amounted to $755,594 compared to $931,140 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in total expenses can be primarily attributed to decreased expenses for professional services, printing expenses and the timing expenses, including lack of contribution to the expense reserve in the current quarter. These transactions resulted in distributable income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 of $38,291,500, or $0.82 per Unit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, distributable income was $7,482,108, or $0.16 per Unit. Royalty income for the Trust for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, is associated with actual oil and gas production for the period November 2021 through July 2022 from the properties from which the Royalties were carved. Oil and gas sales attributable to the Royalties and the properties from which the Royalties were carved are as follows: 20 Nine Months Ended 2022 2021 Royalties: Oil sales (Bbls) 1,254,088 647,695 Gas sales (Mcf) 6,653,864 2,646,613 Properties From Which The Royalties Were Carved: Oil: Total oil sales (Bbls) 1,634,583 833,399 Average per day (Bbls) 9,031 4,604 Average price per Bbl $ 96.49 $ 58.79 Gas: Total gas sales (Mcf) 8,849,731 3,509,450 Average per day (Mcf) 48,894 19,389 Average price per Mcf $ 5.56 $ 2.92 The average received price of oil increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 to $96.49 per barrel compared to $58.79 per barrel for the same period in 2021 due to worldwide market variables. The increase in the average price of gas (including natural gas liquids) from $2.92 per Mcf for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, to $5.56 per Mcf for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was due to change in overall market variables. Since the oil and gas sales attributable to the Royalties are based on an allocation formula that is dependent on such factors as price and cost (including capital expenditures), the production amounts in the Royalties section of the above table do not provide a meaningful comparison. Oil volume increased and gas sales volumes increased from the properties from which the Royalties are carved for the applicable period of 2022 compared to 2021. Capital expenditures for drilling, remedial and maintenance activities on the Waddell Ranch properties for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 totaled $87.3 million (gross) compared to $46.8 million (gross) to the Trust for the same period in 2021. Blackbeard has previously advised the Trustee that the 2022 capital expenditures budget for the Waddell Ranch properties is $92.6 million (gross). As of August 31, 2022, approximately $62 million or 67% of the $92 million budget for 2022 has been expended, with the remaining 33% to be incurred through the remainder of the year. 21 The Trustee has been advised that 30.4 (net to the Trust) workover wells were completed and 2.6 (net to the Trust) workover wells were in progress, along with 30 (net to the Trust) new drill wells completed and 4.5 (net to the Trust) waiting on completion on the Waddell Ranch properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to 32.3 (net to the Trust) workover wells completed and 25.6 (net to the Trust) workover wells in progress, along with 15.4 (net to the Trust) new wells completed and 16.9 (net to the Trust) waiting on completion, on the Waddell Ranch properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. All new wells drilled in 2022 have been fracturized, both vertical and horizontal, both oil and gas. There were various facility projects in progress for the first nine months of 2022. Lease operating expenses and property taxes totaled $31.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $13.3 million for the same period in 2021. The increase in lease operating expense is primarily attributable to increased spending on facilities and maintenance. Calculation of Royalty Income The Trust’s royalty income is computed as a percentage of the net profit from the operation of the properties in which the Trust owns net overriding royalty interests. The royalty income received and recorded by the Trust was determined by the operator as noted below. These percentages of net profits are 75% and 95% in the case of the Waddell Ranch properties and the Texas Royalty properties, respectively. Royalty income received by the Trust for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, were computed as shown in the table below: 22 THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30 2022 2021 WADDELL RANCH PROPERTIES TEXAS ROYALTY PROPERTIES WADDELL RANCH PROPERTIES TEXAS ROYALTY PROPERTIES Gross proceeds of sales from the Underlying Properties Oil proceeds $ 60,385,100 $ 6,174,254 $ 19,713,038 $ 3,672,468 Gas proceeds 22,274,172 385,270 3,863,742 243,784 Other (adjustment) — — 10,589,056 (1) — Total 82,659,272 6,559,524 34,165,836 3,916,252 Less: Severance tax: Oil 2,714,747 230,721 908,600 144,455 Gas 1,391,246 22,867 69,456 11,706 Other 3,824,716 — — — Lease operating expense and property tax: Oil and gas 11,236,250 240,000 6,396,277 240,000 Capital expenditures 37,744,153 — 26,791,503 — Total 53,911,112 493,588 34,165,836 396,161 Net profits 28,748,160 6,065,936 — 3,520,091 Net overriding royalty interests 75 % 95 % 75 % 95 % Royalty income $ 21,561,120 5,762,639 $ — (1) 3,344,086 (1) Due to the NPI deficit, the Waddell Ranch properties did not contribute to Royalty income for the three months ended September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2022, the cumulative NPI deficit was fully recovered. 23 Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates A disclosure of critical accounting policies and the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of the Trust’s financial statements is included in Item 7 of the Trust’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no significant changes to the critical accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Distributable Income Per Unit Basic distributable income per Unit is computed by dividing distributable income by the weighted average of Units outstanding. Distributable income per Unit assuming dilution is computed by dividing distributable income by the weighted average number of Units and equivalent Units outstanding. The Trust had no equivalent Units outstanding for any period presented. Therefore, basic distributable income per Unit and distributable income per Unit assuming dilution are the same. New Accounting Pronouncements There are no new accounting pronouncements that are expected to have significant impact on the Trust’s financial statements. Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk Not applicable due to the Trust’s status as a smaller reporting company.