NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES INC 10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC 20549 FORM 10-Q (Mark One) ☒ Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025 ☐ For the transition period from __________ to __________ Commission file number: 0-22773 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) nevada 95-4627685 (State or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer NO.) 16000 Ventura Blvd. , Suite 770 , Encino , CA 91436 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) (818) 222-9195 / (818) 222-9197 (Issuer’s telephone/facsimile numbers, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of exchange on which registered Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share NTWK NASDAQ Indicate by check mark whether the issuer: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one): Large Accelerated Filer ☐ Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-accelerated Filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes ☐ No ☒ The issuer had 12,648,574 shares issued and 11,709,543 outstanding of its $ .01 par value Common Stock and no Preferred Stock outstanding as of May 8, 2025. NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Page No. PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 3 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 4 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 5 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 6 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 9 Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 11 Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 33 Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 51 Item 4. Controls and Procedures 51 PART II. OTHER INFORMATION Item 1. Legal Proceedings 52 Item 1A Risk Factors 52 Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity and Use of Proceeds 52 Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 52 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 52 Item 5. Other Information 52 Item 6. Exhibits 52 Page 2 PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited) NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 18,774,739 $ 19,127,165 Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $ 37,794 and $ 398,809 5,443,498 13,049,614 Revenues in excess of billings, net of allowance of $ 1,126,734 and $ 116,148 14,727,410 12,684,518 Other current assets 3,465,893 2,600,786 Total current assets 42,411,540 47,462,083 Revenues in excess of billings, net - long term 697,486 954,029 Property and equipment, net 4,768,844 5,106,842 Right of use assets - operating leases 930,847 1,328,624 Other assets 32,338 32,340 Goodwill 9,302,524 9,302,524 Total assets $ 58,143,579 $ 64,186,442 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 7,097,343 $ 8,232,342 Current portion of loans and obligations under finance leases 8,459,991 6,276,125 Current portion of operating lease obligations 475,888 608,202 Unearned revenue 2,705,414 8,752,153 Total current liabilities 18,738,636 23,868,822 Loans and obligations under finance leases; less current maturities 86,800 95,771 Operating lease obligations; less current maturities 422,350 688,749 Total liabilities 19,247,786 24,653,342 Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $ .01 par value; 500,000 shares authorized; - - Common stock, $ .01 par value; 14,500,000 shares authorized; 12,648,574 shares issued and 11,709,543 outstanding as of March 31, 2025, 12,359,922 shares issued and 11,420,891 outstanding as of June 30, 2024 126,489 123,602 Additional paid-in-capital 129,366,638 128,783,865 Treasury stock (at cost, 939,031 shares as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024) ( 3,920,856 ) ( 3,920,856 ) Accumulated deficit ( 43,864,592 ) ( 44,212,313 ) Other comprehensive loss ( 46,253,619 ) ( 45,935,616 ) Total NetSol stockholders’ equity 35,454,060 34,838,682 Non-controlling interest 3,441,733 4,694,418 Total stockholders’ equity 38,895,793 39,533,100 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 58,143,579 $ 64,186,442 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Page 3 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) 2025 2024 2025 2024 For the Three Months For the Nine Months Ended March 31, Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Net Revenues: License fees $ 1,198 $ 558,340 $ 75,115 $ 4,829,242 Subscription and support 7,888,360 7,140,358 24,723,460 20,480,382 Services 9,654,399 7,765,818 22,880,541 19,635,014 Total net revenues 17,543,957 15,464,516 47,679,116 44,944,638 Cost of revenues 8,802,184 7,989,696 25,452,890 24,132,064 Gross profit 8,741,773 7,474,820 22,226,226 20,812,574 Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative 6,883,587 5,811,335 20,921,530 17,051,798 Research and development cost 304,788 345,582 998,406 1,065,412 Total operating expenses 7,188,375 6,156,917 21,919,936 18,117,210 Income (loss) from operations 1,553,398 1,317,903 306,290 2,695,364 Other income and (expenses) Interest expense ( 194,742 ) ( 289,677 ) ( 689,347 ) ( 856,016 ) Interest income 294,655 376,466 1,593,594 1,259,464 Gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange transactions 321,622 ( 963,887 ) 165,775 ( 1,112,757 ) Other income 10,831 21,634 202,386 22,210 Total other income (expenses) 432,366 ( 855,464 ) 1,272,408 ( 687,099 ) Net income before income taxes 1,985,764 462,439 1,578,698 2,008,265 Income tax provision ( 151,334 ) ( 146,569 ) ( 712,765 ) ( 418,517 ) Net income 1,834,430 315,870 865,933 1,589,748 Non-controlling interest ( 410,462 ) 11,679 ( 518,212 ) ( 822,993 ) Net income attributable to NetSol $ 1,423,968 $ 327,549 $ 347,721 $ 766,755 Net income per share: Net income per common share Basic $ 0.12 $ 0.03 $ 0.03 $ 0.07 Diluted $ 0.12 $ 0.03 $ 0.03 $ 0.07 Weighted average number of shares outstanding Basic 11,683,408 11,390,888 11,531,365 11,369,778 Diluted 11,683,408 11,430,493 11,531,365 11,409,383 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Page 4 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) 2025 2024 2025 2024 For the Three Months For the Nine Months Ended March 31, Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Net income $ 1,423,968 $ 327,549 $ 347,721 $ 766,755 Other comprehensive income (loss): Translation adjustment ( 94,339 ) 441,993 ( 352,436 ) 812,109 Translation adjustment attributable to non-controlling interest 28,486 ( 77,604 ) 34,433 ( 342,873 ) Net translation adjustment ( 65,853 ) 364,389 ( 318,003 ) 469,236 Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to NetSol $ 1,358,115 $ 691,938 $ 29,718 $ 1,235,991 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Page 5 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) A statement of the changes in equity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 is provided below: Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Additional Other Non Total Common Stock Paid-in Treasury Accumulated Comprehensive Controlling Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Balance at December 31, 2024 12,589,046 $ 125,894 $ 129,194,697 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 45,288,560 ) $ ( 46,187,766 ) $ 4,592,554 $ 38,515,963 Exercise of common stock options 20,000 200 42,800 - - - - 43,000 Common stock issued for: Services 39,528 395 100,006 - - - - 100,401 Purchase of subsidiary treasury shares - - - - - - ( 1,503,662 ) ( 1,503,662 ) Adjustment in APIC for change in subsidiary shares to non-controlling interest - - 29,135 - - - ( 29,135 ) - Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - ( 65,853 ) ( 28,486 ) ( 94,339 ) Net income for the period - - - - 1,423,968 - 410,462 1,834,430 Balance at March 31, 2025 12,648,574 $ 126,489 $ 129,366,638 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 43,864,592 ) $ ( 46,253,619 ) $ 3,441,733 $ 38,895,793 A statement of the changes in equity for the three months ended December 31, 2024 is provided below: Additional Other Non Total Common Stock Paid-in Treasury Accumulated Comprehensive Controlling Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Balance at September 30, 2024 12,383,872 $ 123,842 $ 128,709,890 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,141,518 ) $ ( 46,049,023 ) $ 5,017,675 $ 39,740,010 Exercise of common stock options 190,000 1,900 406,600 - - - - 408,500 Common stock issued for: Services 15,174 152 39,598 - - - - 39,750 Fair value of subsidiary options issued - - 7,605 - - - - 7,605 Acquisition of non-controlling interest in subsidiary - - 31,004 - - - ( 31,987 ) ( 983 ) Dividend to non-controlling interest - - - - - - ( 306,799 ) ( 306,799 ) Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - ( 138,743 ) ( 47,171 ) ( 185,914 ) Net income (loss) for the year - - - - ( 1,147,042 ) - ( 39,164 ) ( 1,186,206 ) Balance at December 31, 2024 12,589,046 $ 125,894 $ 129,194,697 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 45,288,560 ) $ ( 46,187,766 ) $ 4,592,554 $ 38,515,963 Page 6 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) A statement of the changes in equity for the three months ended September 30, 2024 is provided below: Additional Other Non Total Common Stock Paid-in Treasury Accumulated Comprehensive Controlling Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Balance at June 30, 2024 12,359,922 $ 123,602 $ 128,783,865 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,212,313 ) $ ( 45,935,616 ) $ 4,694,418 $ 39,533,100 Exercise of common stock options 10,000 100 21,400 - - - - 21,500 Common stock issued for: Services 13,950 140 39,610 - - - - 39,750 Fair value of subsidiary options issued - - 8,029 - - - - 8,029 Acquisition of non-controlling interest in subsidiary - - ( 143,014 ) - - - 135,119 ( 7,895 ) Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - ( 113,407 ) 41,224 ( 72,183 ) Net income (loss) for the year - - - - 70,795 - 146,914 217,709 Balance at September 30, 2024 12,383,872 $ 123,842 $ 128,709,890 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,141,518 ) $ ( 46,049,023 ) $ 5,017,675 $ 39,740,010 A statement of the changes in equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is provided below: Additional Other Non Total Common Stock Paid-in Treasury Accumulated Comprehensive Controlling Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Balance at December 31, 2023 12,329,919 $ 123,301 $ 128,587,384 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,456,980 ) $ ( 45,870,309 ) $ 4,074,994 $ 38,537,534 Common stock issued for: Services 14,352 144 39,606 - - - - 39,750 Fair value of options issued - - 101,424 - - - - 101,424 Fair value of options issued - - 101,424 - - - - 101,424 of subsidiary options issued - - 7,914 - - - - 7,914 Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - 364,389 77,604 441,993 Net income (loss) for the year - - - - 327,549 - ( 11,679 ) 315,870 Balance at March 31, 2024 12,344,271 $ 123,445 $ 128,736,328 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,129,431 ) $ ( 45,505,920 ) $ 4,140,919 $ 39,444,485 Page 7 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) A statement of the changes in equity for the three months ended December 31, 2023 is provided below: Additional Other Non Total Common Stock Paid-in Treasury Accumulated Comprehensive Controlling Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Balance at September 30, 2023 12,311,850 $ 123,120 $ 128,536,132 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,865,296 ) $ ( 46,411,702 ) $ 3,201,723 $ 36,663,121 Common stock issued for: Services 18,069 181 39,569 - - - - 39,750 Fair value of subsidiary options issued - - 11,683 - - - - 11,683 Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - 541,393 298,772 840,165 Net income (loss) for the year - - - - 408,316 - 574,499 982,815 Balance at December 31, 2023 12,329,919 $ 123,301 $ 128,587,384 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,456,980 ) $ ( 45,870,309 ) $ 4,074,994 $ 38,537,534 A statement of the changes in equity for the three months ended September 30, 2023 is provided below: Additional Other Non Total Common Stock Paid-in Treasury Accumulated Comprehensive Controlling Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Shares Deficit Loss Interest Equity Balance at June 30, 2023 12,284,887 $ 122,850 $ 128,476,048 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,896,186 ) $ ( 45,975,156 ) $ 2,975,053 $ 36,781,753 Balance 12,284,887 $ 122,850 $ 128,476,048 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,896,186 ) $ ( 45,975,156 ) $ 2,975,053 $ 36,781,753 Common stock issued for: Services 26,963 270 48,530 - - - - 48,800 Common stock issued for: Services 26,963 270 48,530 - - - - 48,800 Fair value of subsidiary options issued - - 11,554 - - - - 11,554 Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - ( 436,546 ) ( 33,503 ) ( 470,049 ) Net income (loss) for the year - - - - 30,890 - 260,173 291,063 Balance at September 30, 2023 12,311,850 $ 123,120 $ 128,536,132 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,865,296 ) $ ( 46,411,702 ) $ 3,201,723 $ 36,663,121 Balance 12,311,850 $ 123,120 $ 128,536,132 $ ( 3,920,856 ) $ ( 44,865,296 ) $ ( 46,411,702 ) $ 3,201,723 $ 36,663,121 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Page 8 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) 2025 2024 For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 2024 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ 865,933 $ 1,589,748 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 1,102,085 1,351,239 Provision for bad debts 1,062,515 9,739 Gain on sale of assets ( 28,320 ) ( 1,154 ) Stock based compensation 134,884 260,875 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable 6,408,397 ( 3,922,773 ) Revenues in excess of billing ( 1,411,983 ) ( 3,904,609 ) Other current assets ( 344,493 ) ( 1,525 ) Accounts payable and accrued expenses ( 1,136,533 ) 77,541 Unearned revenue ( 6,646,170 ) 938,242 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 6,315 ( 3,602,677 ) Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment ( 897,743 ) ( 948,337 ) Sales of property and equipment 63,577 125,886 Purchase of subsidiary shares ( 8,878 ) - Net cash used in investing activities ( 843,044 ) ( 822,451 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants 473,000 - Dividend paid by subsidiary to non-controlling interest ( 306,799 ) - Purchase of subsidiary treasury stock ( 1,503,662 ) - Proceeds from bank loans 2,451,256 340,847 Payments on finance lease obligations and loans - net ( 247,496 ) ( 307,235 ) Net cash provided by financing activities 866,299 33,612 Effect of exchange rate changes ( 381,996 ) 1,196,904 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ( 352,426 ) ( 3,194,612 ) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period 19,127,165 15,533,254 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 18,774,739 $ 12,338,642 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Page 9 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED) (UNAUDITED) For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 2024 SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES: Cash paid during the period for: Interest $ 619,451 $ 1,100,101 Taxes $ 1,185,546 $ 522,633 NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Assets acquired under finance lease $ - $ 122,045 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Page 10 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION The Company is a business services and asset finance solutions provider that designs, develops, markets, and exports proprietary software products to customers in the automobile financing and leasing, banking, and financial services industries worldwide. The Company also provides system integration, consulting, and IT products and services in exchange for fees from customers. The consolidated condensed interim financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for fair presentation of the information contained therein. It is suggested that these condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2024. The Company follows the same accounting policies in preparation of interim reports. Results of operations for the interim periods are not indicative of annual results. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company as follows: Wholly owned Subsidiaries NetSol Technologies Americas, Inc. (“NTA”) NetSol Connect (Private), Ltd. (“Connect”) NetSol Technologies Australia Pty Ltd. (“Australia”) NetSol Technologies Europe Limited (“NTE”) NetSol Technologies (Beijing) Co. Ltd. (“NetSol Beijing”) Tianjin NuoJinZhiCheng Co., Ltd (“Tianjin”) Ascent Europe Ltd. (“AEL”) Virtual Lease Services Holdings Limited (“VLSH”) Virtual Lease Services Limited (“VLS”) Virtual Lease Services (Ireland) Limited (“VLSIL”) Otoz, Inc. (“Otoz®”) Majority-owned Subsidiaries NetSol Technologies, Ltd. (“NetSol PK”) NetSol Innovation (Private) Limited (“NetSol Innovation”) NETSOL Ascent Middle East Computer Equipment Trading LLC (“Namecet”) NetSol Technologies Thailand Limited (“NetSol Thai”) Otoz (Thailand) Limited (“Otoz® Thai”) Page 11 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) NOTE 2 – ACCOUNTING POLICIES Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The areas requiring significant estimates are provision for doubtful accounts, provision for taxation, useful life of depreciable assets, useful life of intangible assets, contingencies, assumptions used to determine the net present value of operating lease liabilities, and estimated contract costs. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Concentration of Credit Risk Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained within the United States as well as in foreign countries. Certain financial instruments, which subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist of cash and restricted cash. The Company maintains balances at financial institutions which, from time to time, may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits for the banks located in the United States. Balances at financial institutions within certain foreign countries are not covered by insurance except balances maintained in China are insured for RMB 500,000 ($ 68,871 ) in each bank and in the UK for GBP 85,000 ($ 110,390 ) in each bank. The Company maintains three bank accounts in China and nine bank accounts in the UK. As of March 31, 2025, and June 30, 2024, the Company had uninsured deposits related to cash deposits in accounts maintained within foreign entities of approximately $ 17,848,732 and $ 18,182,002 , respectively. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company’s operations are carried out globally. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments of each country and by the general state of the country’s economy. The Company’s operations in each foreign country are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in economically developed nations. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company applies the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” ASC 820-10 defines fair value, and establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement that enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. For certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term debt, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The carrying amounts of the long-term debt approximate their fair values based on current interest rates for instruments with similar characteristics. The three levels of valuation hierarchy are defined as follows: Level 1: Valuations consist of unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and has the highest priority. Level 2: Valuations rely on quoted prices in markets that are not active or observable inputs over the full term of the asset or liability. Level 3: Valuations are based on prices or third party or internal valuation models that require inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement and are less observable and thus have the lowest priority. Page 12 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) The Company’s financial assets that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025, were as follows: SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL ASSETS MEASURED ON RECURRING BASIS Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Revenues in excess of billings - long term $ - $ - $ 697,486 $ 697,486 Total $ - $ - $ 697,486 $ 697,486 The Company’s financial assets that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2024, are as follows: Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Assets Revenues in excess of billings - long term $ - $ - $ 954,029 $ 954,029 Total $ - $ - $ 954,029 $ 954,029 The reconciliation from June 30, 2024 to March 31, 2025 is as follows: SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS RECONCILIATION Revenues in excess of billings - long term Fair value discount Total Balance at June 30, 2024 $ 1,106,475 $ ( 152,446 ) $ 954,029 Amortization during the period - 54,833 54,833 Transfers to short term ( 310,446 ) - ( 310,446 ) Effect of Translation Adjustment ( 1,258 ) 328 ( 930 ) Balance at March 31, 2025 $ 794,771 $ ( 97,285 ) $ 697,486 Management analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in results of operations as adjustments to fair value of derivatives. The effects of interactions between embedded derivatives are calculated and accounted for in arriving at the overall fair value of the financial instruments. In addition, the fair values of freestanding derivative instruments such as warrants and option derivatives are valued using the Black-Scholes model. Recent Accounting Standards : In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures . ASU 2023-07 expands public entities’ segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items, and interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. ASU 2023-07 is effective for the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, and subsequent interim periods, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Page 13 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures , to enhance transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures, particularly around rate reconciliations and income taxes paid information. ASU 2023-09 is effective for our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2026, on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. We are evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. All other newly issued accounting pronouncements not yet effective have been deemed either immaterial or not applicable. NOTE 3 – REVENUE RECOGNITION The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps: ● Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; ● Identification of the performance obligations in the contract; ● Determination of the transaction price; ● Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and ● Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company records the amount of revenue and related costs by considering whether the entity is a principal (gross presentation) or an agent (net presentation) by evaluating the nature of its promise to the customer. Revenue is presented net of sales, value-added and other taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities. The Company has two primary revenue streams: core revenue and non-core revenue. Core Revenue The Company generates its core revenue from the following sources: (1) software licenses, (2) services, which include implementation and consulting services, and (3) subscription and support, which includes post contract support, of its enterprise software solutions for the lease and finance industry. The Company offers its software using the same underlying technology via two models: a traditional on-premises licensing model and a subscription model. The on-premises model involves the sale or license of software on a perpetual basis to customers who take possession of the software and install and maintain the software on their own hardware. Under the subscription delivery model, the Company provides access to its software on a hosted basis as a service and customers generally do not have the contractual right to take possession of the software. Non-Core Revenue The Company generates its non-core revenue by providing business process outsourcing (“BPO”), other IT services and internet services. Performance Obligations A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account under Topic 606. The transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied by transferring the promised good or service to the customer. The Company identifies and tracks the performance obligations at contract inception so that the Company can monitor and account for the performance obligations over the life of the contract. The Company’s contracts which contain multiple performance obligations generally consist of the initial purchase of subscription or licenses and a professional services engagement. License purchases generally have multiple performance obligations as customers purchase post contract support and services in addition to the licenses. The Company’s single performance obligation arrangements are typically post contract support renewals, subscription renewals and services engagements. Page 14 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) For contracts with multiple performance obligations where the contracted price differs from the standalone selling price (“SSP”) for any distinct good or service, the Company may be required to allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using its best estimate for the SSP. Software Licenses Transfer of control for software is considered to have occurred upon delivery of the product to the customer. The Company’s typical payment terms tend to vary by region, but its standard payment terms are within 30 days of invoice. Subscription Subscription revenue is recognized ratably over the initial subscription period committed to by the customer commencing when the product is made available to the customer. The initial subscription period is typically 12 to 60 months. The Company generally invoices its customers in advance in quarterly or annual installments and typical payment terms provide that customers make payment within 30 days of invoice. Post Contract Support Revenue from support services and product updates, referred to as subscription and support revenue, is recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance period, which in most instances is one year. Software license updates provide customers with rights to unspecified software product updates and patches released during the term of the support period on a when-and-if available basis. The Company’s customers purchase both product support and license updates when they acquire new software licenses. In addition, most customers renew their support services contracts annually and typical payment terms provide that customers make payment within 30 days of invoice. Professional Services Revenue from professional services is typically comprised of implementation, development, data migration, training, or other consulting services. Consulting services are generally sold on a time-and-materials or fixed fee basis and can include services ranging from software installation to data conversion and building non-complex interfaces to allow the software to operate in integrated environments. The Company recognizes revenue for time-and-materials arrangements as the services are performed. In fixed fee arrangements, revenue is recognized as services are performed as measured by costs incurred to date, compared to total estimated costs to complete the services project. Management applies judgment when estimating project status and the costs necessary to complete the services projects. Several internal and external factors can affect these estimates, including labor rates, utilization and efficiency variances and specification and testing requirement changes. Services are generally invoiced upon milestones in the contract or upon consumption of the hourly resources and payments are typically due 30 days after invoice. BPO and Internet Services Revenue from BPO services is recognized based on the stage of completion which is measured by reference to labor hours incurred to date as a percentage of total estimated labor hours for each contract. Internet services are invoiced either monthly, quarterly, or half yearly in advance to the customers and revenue is recognized ratably overtime on a monthly basis. Disaggregated Revenue The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by category — core and non-core, as it believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Page 15 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) The Company’s disaggregated revenue by category is as follows: SCHEDULE OF DISAGGREGATED REVENUE BY CATEGORY 2025 2024 2025 2024 For the Three Months For the Nine Months Ended March 31, Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Core: License $ 1,198 $ 558,340 $ 75,115 $ 4,829,242 Subscription and support 7,888,360 7,140,358 24,723,460 20,480,382 Services 8,265,745 6,477,849 19,664,970 15,566,480 Total core revenue, net 16,155,303 14,176,547 44,463,545 40,876,104 Non-Core: Services 1,388,654 1,287,969 3,215,571 4,068,534 Total non-core revenue, net 1,388,654 1,287,969 3,215,571 4,068,534 Total net revenue $ 17,543,957 $ 15,464,516 $ 47,679,116 $ 44,944,638 Significant Judgments Due to the complexity of certain contracts, the actual revenue recognition treatment required under Topic 606 for the Company’s arrangements may be dependent on contract-specific terms and may vary in some instances. Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation. The Company rarely licenses or sells products on a stand-alone basis, so the Company is required to estimate the range of SSPs for each performance obligation. In instances where SSP is not directly observable because the Company does not sell the license, product, or service separately, the Company determines the SSP using information that may include market conditions and other observable inputs. In making these judgments, the Company analyzes various factors, including its pricing methodology and consistency, size of the arrangement, length of term, customer demographics and overall market and economic conditions. Based on these results, the estimated SSP is set for each distinct product or service delivered to customers. The most significant inputs involved in the Company’s revenue recognition policies are: The (1) stand-alone selling prices of the Company’s software license, and the (2) the method of recognizing revenue for installation/customization, and other services. The stand-alone selling price of the licenses was measured primarily through an analysis of pricing that management evaluated when quoting prices to customers. Although the Company has no history of selling its software separately from post contract support and other services, the Company does have historical experience with amending contracts with customers to provide additional modules of its software or providing those modules at an optional price. This information guides the Company in assessing the stand-alone selling price of the Company’s software, since the Company can observe instances where a customer had a particular component of the Company’s software that was essentially priced separate from other goods and services that the Company delivered to that customer. The Company recognizes revenue from implementation and customization services using the percentage of estimated “person-days” that the work requires. The Company believes the level of effort to complete the services is best measured by the amount of time (measured as an employee working for one day on implementation/customization work) that is required to complete the implementation or customization work. The Company reviews its estimate of person-days required to complete implementation and customization services each reporting period. Revenue is recognized over time for the Company’s subscription, post contract support and fixed fee professional services that are separate performance obligations. For the Company’s professional services, revenue is recognized over time, generally using costs incurred or hours expended to measure progress. Judgment is required in estimating project status and the costs necessary to complete projects. Several internal and external factors can affect these estimates, including labor rates, utilization, specification variances and testing requirement changes. Page 16 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) If a group of agreements are entered at or near the same time and so closely related that they are, in effect, part of a single arrangement, such agreements are deemed to be combined as one arrangement for revenue recognition purposes. The Company exercises significant judgment to evaluate the relevant facts and circumstances in determining whether agreements should be accounted for separately or as a single arrangement. The Company’s judgments about whether a group of contracts comprise a single arrangement can affect the allocation of consideration to the distinct performance obligations, which could have an effect on results of operations for the periods involved. If a contract includes variable consideration, the Company exercises judgment in estimating the amount of consideration to which the entity will be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to a customer. When estimating variable consideration, the Company will consider all relevant facts and circumstances. Variable consideration will be estimated and included in the contract price only when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of revenue recognized will not occur. Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers and these timing differences result in receivables, contract assets (revenues in excess of billings), or contract liabilities (unearned revenue) on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company records revenues in excess of billings when the Company has transferred goods or services but does not yet have the right to consideration. The Company records unearned revenue when the Company has received or has the right to receive consideration but has not yet transferred goods or services to the customer. The revenues in excess of billings are transferred to receivables when the rights to consideration become unconditional, usually upon completion of a milestone. The Company’s revenues in excess of billings and unearned revenue are as follows: SCHEDULE OF REVENUES IN EXCESS OF BILLINGS AND DEFERRED REVENUE As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Revenues in excess of billings $ 15,424,896 $ 13,638,547 Unearned revenue $ 2,705,414 $ 8,752,153 The Company’s unearned revenue reconciliation is as follows: SCHEDULE OF UNEARNED REVENUE RECONCILIATION Unearned Revenue Balance at June 30, 2024 $ 8,752,153 Invoiced 16,253,159 Revenue Recognized ( 22,215,692 ) Adjustments ( 84,206 ) Balance at March 31, 2025 $ 2,705,414 During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recognized revenue of $ 549,933 and $ 8,236,336 , that was included in the unearned revenue balance at the beginning of the period. All other activity in unearned revenue is due to the timing of invoicing in relation to the timing of revenue recognition. Page 17 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Revenue allocated to the remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, which includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Contracted but unsatisfied performance obligations were approximately $ 16,000,000 as of March 31, 2025, of which the Company estimates to recognize approximately $ 15,000,000 in revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder over an estimated 3 years thereafter. Actual revenue recognition depends in part on the timing of software modules installed at various customer sites. Accordingly, some factors that affect the Company’s revenue, such as the availability and demand for modules within customer geographic locations, is not entirely within the Company’s control. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company has determined that its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing the Company’s products and services, and not to facilitate financing arrangements. Unearned Revenue The Company typically invoices its customers for subscription and support fees in advance on a quarterly or annual basis, with payment due at the start of the subscription or support term. Unpaid invoice amounts for non-cancelable license and services starting in future periods are included in accounts receivable and unearned revenue. Practical Expedients and Exemptions There are several practical expedients and exemptions allowed under Topic 606 that impact timing of revenue recognition and the Company’s disclosures. The Company has applied the following practical expedients: ● The Company does not evaluate a contract for a significant financing component if payment is expected within one year or less from the transfer of the promised items to the customer. ● The Company generally expenses sales commissions and sales agent fees when incurred when the amortization period would have been one year or less or the commissions are based on cashed received. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. ● The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed (applies to time-and-material engagements). Costs to Obtain a Contract The Company does not have a material amount of costs to obtain a contract capitalized at any balance sheet date. In general, the Company incurs few direct incremental costs of obtaining new customer contracts. The Company rarely incurs incremental costs to review or otherwise enter into contractual arrangements with customers. In addition, the Company’s sales personnel receive fees that are referred to as commissions, but that are based on more than simply signing up new customers. The Company’s sales personnel are required to perform additional duties beyond new customer contract inception dates, including fulfillment duties and collections efforts. Page 18 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) NOTE 4 – EARNINGS PER SHARE Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding stock options and stock awards. The components of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows: SCHEDULE OF DILUTIVE POTENTIAL COMMON SHARES For the three months ended March 31, 2025 For the nine months ended March 31, 2025 Net Income Shares Per Share Net Income Shares Per Share Basic income per share: Net income available to common shareholders $ 1,423,968 11,683,408 $ 0.12 $ 347,721 11,531,365 $ 0.03 Effect of dilutive securities Stock options - - - - - - Diluted income per share $ 1,423,968 11,683,408 $ 0.12 $ 347,721 11,531,365 $ 0.03 For the three months ended March 31, 2024 For the nine months ended March 31, 2024 Net Income Shares Per Share Net Income Shares Per Share Basic income per share: Net income available to common shareholders $ 327,549 11,390,888 $ 0.03 $ 766,755 11,369,778 $ 0.07 Effect of dilutive securities Stock options - 39,605 - - 39,605 - Diluted income per share $ 327,549 11,430,493 $ 0.03 $ 766,755 11,409,383 $ 0.07 NOTE 5 – OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND FOREIGN CURRENCY The following table represents the functional currencies of the Company and its subsidiaries: SCHEDULE OF FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION The Company and Subsidiaries Functional Currency NetSol Technologies, Inc. USD NTA USD Otoz USD NTE British Pound AEL British Pound VLSH British Pound VLS British Pound VLSIL Euro NetSol PK Pakistan Rupee Connect Pakistan Rupee NetSol Innovation Pakistan Rupee NetSol Thai Thai Bhat Otoz Thai Thai Bhat Australia Australian Dollar Namecet AED NetSol Beijing Chinese Yuan Tianjin Chinese Yuan Page 19 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date, and operating results are translated at the average exchange rate throughout the period. Accumulated translation losses classified as an item of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheet were $ 46,253,619 and $ 45,935,616 as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) included a translation loss attributable to NetSol of $ 65,853 and $ 318,003 , respectively. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) included a translation gain attributable to NetSol of $ 364,389 and $ 469,236 , respectively. NOTE 6 – MAJOR CUSTOMERS The following table describes the revenues from major customers: SCHEDULE OF REVENUES AND RECEIVABLES FROM MAJOR CUSTOMERS For the Three Months For the Nine Months Ended March 31, Ended March 31, 2025 % 2024 % 2025 % 2024 % Net Revenues: Daimler Financial Services $ 2,900,468 16.5 % $ 4,207,409 27.2 % $ 9,160,858 19.2 % $ 11,840,101 26.3 % BMW Financial $ 3,314,902 18.9 % $ 1,422,068 9.2 % $ 8,903,689 18.7 % $ 3,180,171 7.1 % The following table describes the receivables from major customers: As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Accounts Receivable Daimler Financial Services $ 1,005,108 $ 538,648 BMW Financial $ 771,436 $ 505,875 Revenue in Excess of Billing Daimler Financial Services $ 649,671 $ 892,109 BMW Financial $ 2,246,214 $ 1,419,997 NOTE 7 - OTHER CURRENT ASSETS Other current assets consisted of the following: SCHEDULE OF OTHER CURRENT ASSETS As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Prepaid Expenses $ 1,789,339 $ 1,314,524 Advance Income Tax 401,009 300,368 Employee Advances 166,523 165,264 Security Deposits 160,192 199,633 Other Receivables 467,992 258,880 Other Assets 480,838 362,117 Net Balance $ 3,465,893 $ 2,600,786 Page 20 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) NOTE 8 – REVENUES IN EXCESS OF BILLINGS – LONG TERM Revenues in excess of billings, net consisted of the following: SCHEDULE OF REVENUE IN EXCESS OF BILLING As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Revenues in excess of billings - long term $ 794,771 $ 1,106,475 Present value discount ( 97,285 ) ( 152,446 ) Net Balance $ 697,486 $ 954,029 Pursuant to revenue recognition for contract accounting, the Company has recorded revenues in excess of billings long-term for amounts billable after one year. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company accreted $ 18,099 and $ 54,833 , respectively, which was recorded in interest income for that period. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, the Company accreted $ 12,309 and $ 30,773 , respectively, which was recorded in interest income for that period. The Company used the discounted cash flow method with interest rates ranging from 7.3 % to 17.5 %, for the period ended March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024. NOTE 9 - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment consisted of the following: SCHEDULE OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Office Furniture and Equipment $ 2,446,214 $ 2,352,940 Computer Equipment 8,901,316 8,679,791 Assets Under Capital Leases 138,549 154,718 Building 3,586,906 3,602,819 Land 909,226 913,473 Autos 1,585,341 1,658,961 Improvements 213,868 206,387 Subtotal 17,781,420 17,569,089 Accumulated Depreciation ( 13,012,576 ) ( 12,462,247 ) Property and Equipment, Net $ 4,768,844 $ 5,106,842 For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, depreciation expense totaled $ 363,503 and $ 1,102,085 , respectively. Of these amounts, $ 240,444 and $ 706,876 , respectively, are reflected in cost of revenues. For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, depreciation expense totaled $ 391,290 and $ 1,225,198 , respectively. Of these amounts, $ 250,126 and $ 781,442 , respectively, are reflected in cost of revenues. Page 21 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Following is a summary of fixed assets held under finance leases as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024: SCHEDULE OF FIXED ASSETS HELD UNDER CAPITAL LEASES As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Vehicles $ 138,549 $ 154,718 Total 138,549 154,718 Less: Accumulated Depreciation - Net ( 36,994 ) ( 25,078 ) Fixed assets held under capital leases, Total $ 101,555 $ 129,640 Finance lease term and discount rate were as follows: SCHEDULE OF FINANCE LEASE TERM As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Weighted average remaining lease term - Finance leases 2 Years 2.75 Years Weighted average discount rate - Finance leases 11.3 % 11.3 % NOTE 10 - LEASES The Company leases certain office space, office equipment and autos with remaining lease terms of one year to 10 years under leases classified as financing and operating. For certain leases, the Company has options to extend the lease term for additional periods ranging from one year to 10 years. The Company treats a contract as a lease when the contract conveys the right to use a physically distinct asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration, or the Company directs the use of the asset and obtains substantially all the economic benefits of the asset. These leases are recorded as right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease obligation liabilities for leases with terms greater than 12 months. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the entirety of the lease term. Lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make payments over the life of the lease. A ROU asset and a lease liability are recognized at commencement of the lease based on the present value of the lease payments over the life of the lease. Initial direct costs are included as part of the ROU asset upon commencement of the lease. Since the interest rate implicit in a lease is generally not readily determinable for the operating leases, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate represents the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar lease term to obtain an asset of similar value. The Company reviews the impairment of ROU assets consistent with the approach applied to the Company’s other long-lived assets. The Company reviews the recoverability of long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the Company’s ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected undiscounted future pre-tax cash flows of the related operations. The Company elected the practical expedient to exclude short-term leases (leases with original terms of 12 months or less) from ROU asset and lease liability accounts. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, while variable lease payments are expensed as incurred. Variable payments change due to facts or circumstances occurring after the commencement date, other than the passage of time, and do not result in a re-measurement of lease liabilities. The Company’s variable lease payments include payments for finance leases that are adjusted based on a change in the Karachi Inter Bank Offer Rate. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any significant residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. Page 22 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows: SCHEDULE OF BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION RELATED TO LEASE As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Assets Operating lease assets, net $ 930,847 $ 1,328,624 Liabilities Current Operating $ 475,888 $ 608,202 Operating, Current $ 475,888 $ 608,202 Non-current Operating 422,350 688,749 Operating, Noncurrent 422,350 688,749 Total Lease Liabilities $ 898,238 $ 1,296,951 The components of lease cost were as follows: SCHEDULE OF COMPONENTS OF LEASE COST 2025 2024 2025 2024 For the Three Months For the Nine Months Ended March 31, Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Amortization of finance lease assets $ 7,584 $ 3,963 $ 29,181 $ 8,624 Interest on finance lease obligation 7,584 1,434 13,578 3,073 Operating lease cost 97,891 99,201 296,229 304,543 Short term lease cost 51,551 41,087 161,591 122,311 Sub lease income ( 8,406 ) ( 8,406 ) ( 25,326 ) ( 25,011 ) Total lease cost $ 156,204 $ 137,279 $ 475,253 $ 413,540 Lease term and discount rate were as follows: SCHEDULE OF LEASE TERM AND DISCOUNT RATE As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Weighted average remaining lease term - Operating leases 1.57 Years 1.99 Years Weighted average discount rate - Operating leases 4.7 % 4.5 % Page 23 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information related to leases were as follows: SCHEDULE OF SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION RELATED TO LEASES 2025 2024 For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 2024 Operating cash flows related to operating leases $ 280,336 $ 230,943 Operating cash flows related to finance leases $ 8,833 $ 3,070 Financing cash flows related finance leases $ 12,122 $ 20,180 Maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows as of March 31, 2025: SCHEDULE OF MATURITIES OF OPERATING LEASE LIABILITIES Amount Within year 1 $ 515,226 Within year 2 303,741 Within year 3 126,440 Within year 4 18,957 Within year 5 118 Total Lease Payments 964,482 Less: Imputed interest ( 66,244 ) Present Value of lease liabilities 898,238 Less: Current portion ( 475,888 ) Non-Current portion $ 422,350 The Company is a lessor for certain office space leased by the Company and sub-leased to others under non-cancelable leases. These lease agreements provide for a fixed base rent and are currently on a month-by-month basis. All leases are considered operating leases. There are no rights to purchase the premises and no residual value guarantees. For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company received lease income of $ 8,406 and $ 25,326 , respectively. For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, the Company received lease income of $ 8,406 and $ 25,011 , respectively. Page 24 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) NOTE 11 - ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following: SCHEDULE OF ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Accounts Payable $ 1,093,855 $ 1,426,930 Accrued Liabilities 4,160,480 4,323,662 Accrued Payroll 1,156,727 1,392,112 Accrued Payroll Taxes 199,736 215,197 Taxes Payable 175,808 634,035 Other Payable 310,737 240,406 Total $ 7,097,343 $ 8,232,342 NOTE 12 – DEBTS Notes payable and finance leases consisted of the following: SCHEDULE OF COMPONENTS OF NOTES PAYABLE AND CAPITAL LEASES As of March 31, 2025 Current Long-Term Name Total Maturities Maturities D&O Insurance (1) $ 226,199 $ 226,199 $ - Line of Credit (2) 405,000 405,000 - Bank Overdraft Facility (3) - - - Loan Payable Bank - Export Refinance (4) 1,788,205 1,788,205 - Loan Payable Bank - Running Finance (5) - - - Loan Payable Bank - Export Refinance II (6) 1,359,036 1,359,036 - Loan Payable Bank - Export Refinance III (7) 4,649,333 4,649,333 - Sale and Leaseback Financing (8) 18,980 18,980 - Short Term Financing (9) - - - 8,446,753 8,446,753 - Subsidiary Finance Leases (10) 100,038 13,238 86,800 $ 8,546,791 $ 8,459,991 $ 86,800 As of June 30, 2024 Current Long-Term Name Total Maturities Maturities D&O Insurance (1) $ 124,314 $ 124,314 $ - Line of Credit (2) - - - Bank Overdraft Facility (3) - - - Loan Payable Bank - Export Refinance (4) 1,796,558 1,796,558 - Loan Payable Bank - Running Finance (5) - - - Loan Payable Bank - Export Refinance II (6) 1,365,384 1,365,384 - Loan Payable Bank - Export Refinance III (7) 2,515,181 2,515,181 - Sale and Leaseback Financing (8) 56,842 47,158 9,684 Short Term Financing (9) 412,655 412,655 - 6,270,934 6,261,250 9,684 Subsidiary Finance Leases (10) 100,962 14,875 86,087 $ 6,371,896 $ 6,276,125 $ 95,771 (1) The Company finances Directors’ and Officers’ (“D&O”) liability insurance and Errors and Omissions (“E&O”) liability insurance, for which the D&O and E&O balances are renewed on an annual basis and, as such, are recorded in current maturities. The interest rate on these financings were ranging from 8.6 % to 10.9 % as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024. (2) The Company has an uncommitted discretionary demand line of credit up to an aggregate amount of $ 1,000,000 with HSBC, secured by a lien on the Company’s assets. The annual interest rate was 8.25 % at March 31, 2025 and 8.75 % as of June 30, 2024. The total outstanding balance as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was $ 405,000 and $ nil , respectively. Page 25 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) (3) The Company’s subsidiary, NTE, has an overdraft facility with HSBC Bank plc whereby the bank would cover any overdrafts up to £ 300,000 , or approximately $ 389,610 . The annual interest rate was 9.5 % as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024. The total outstanding balance as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was £ Nil . This overdraft facility requires that the aggregate amount of invoiced trade debtors (net of provisions for bad and doubtful debts and excluding intra-group debtors) of NTE, not exceeding 90 days old, will not be less than an amount equal to 200 % of the facility. As of March 31, 2025, NTE was in compliance with this covenant. (4) The Company’s subsidiary, NetSol PK, has an export refinance facility with Askari Bank Limited, secured by NetSol PK’s assets. This is a revolving loan that matures every nine months. The total facility amount is Rs. 600,000,000 or $ 2,145,846 at March 31, 2025 and Rs. 500,000,000 or $ 1,796,558 at June 30, 2024. NetSol PK used Rs. 500,000,000 or $ 1,788,205 at March 31, 2025 and Rs. 500,000,000 or $ 1,796,558 at June 30, 2024. The interest rate for the loan was 10.0 % and 17.5 % at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. (5) The Company’s subsidiary, NetSol PK, has a running finance facility with Askari Bank Limited, secured by NetSol PK’s assets. The total facility amount is Rs. 4,050,937 or $ 14,488 , at March 31, 2025. The balance outstanding at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was Rs. Nil . The interest rate for the loan was 14.1 % at March 31, 2025 and 22.2% at June 30, 2024. This facility requires NetSol PK to maintain a long-term debt equity ratio of 60:40 and a current ratio of 1:1. As of March 31, 2025, NetSol PK was in compliance with this covenant. (6) The Company’s subsidiary, NetSol PK, has an export refinance facility with Samba Bank Limited, secured by NetSol PK’s assets. This is a revolving loan that matures every nine months. The total facility amount is Rs. 380,000,000 or $ 1,359,036 and Rs. 380,000,000 or $ 1,365,384 at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. The interest rate for the loan was 10.0 % and 17.5 % at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. During the tenure of the loan, the facilities from Samba Bank Limited require NetSol PK to maintain at a minimum a current ratio of 1:1, an interest coverage ratio of 4 times, a leverage ratio of 2 times, and a debt service coverage ratio of 4 times. As of March 31, 2025, NetSol PK was in compliance with these covenants. (7) The Company’s subsidiary, NetSol PK, has an export refinance facility with Habib Metro Bank Limited, secured by NetSol PK’s assets. This is a revolving loan that matures every nine months. The total facility amount is Rs. 1,300,000,000 or $ 4,649,333 and Rs. 900,000,000 or $ 3,233,804 , at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. NetSol PK used Rs. 1,300,000,000 or $ 4,649,333 and Rs. 700,000,000 or $ 2,515,181 , at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. The interest rate for the loan was 10.0 % and 17.5 % at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. (8) The Company’s subsidiary, NetSol PK, availed sale and leaseback financing from First Habib Modaraba secured by the transfer of the vehicles’ title. As of March 31, 2025, NetSol PK used Rs. 5,307,080 or $ 18,980 which was shown as current. As of June 30, 2024, NetSol PK used Rs. 15,819,683 or $ 56,842 of which $ 9,684 was shown as long term and $ 47,158 as current. The interest rate for the loan was from 22.7 % to 24.2 % at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024. (9) The Company’s subsidiary, NetSol Beijing, had a one year, short-term loan facility with Bank of China, secured by a personal guarantee from NetSol Beijing’s General Manager. The facility amount was CNY 3,000,000 or $ 413,223 . NetSol Beijing has paid off this facility during the period ended March 31, 2025. NetSol Beijing used CNY 3,000,000 or $ 412,655 , at June 30, 2024. The interest rate of the loan was 3.8 % at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024. (10) The Company leases various fixed assets under finance lease arrangements expiring in various years through 2027. The assets and liabilities under finance leases are recorded at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair value of the asset. The assets are secured by the assets themselves. Depreciation of assets under finance leases is included in depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Page 26 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Following are the aggregate minimum future lease payments under finance leases as of March 31, 2025: SCHEDULE OF AGGREGATE MINIMUM FUTURE LEASE PAYMENTS UNDER CAPITAL LEASES Amount Minimum Lease Payments Within year 1 $ 26,081 Within year 2 93,012 Within year 3 6,431 Total Minimum Lease Payments 125,524 Interest Expense relating to future periods ( 25,486 ) Present Value of minimum lease payments 100,038 Less: Current portion ( 13,238 ) Non-Current portion $ 86,800 Following are the aggregate future long term debt payments as of March 31, 2025 which consists of “Sale and Leaseback Financing (8)”. SCHEDULE OF AGGREGATE FUTURE LONG TERM DEBT PAYMENTS Amount Loan Payments Within year 1 $ 18,980 Within year 2 - Total Loan Payments 18,980 Less: Current portion ( 18,980 ) Non-Current portion $ - NOTE 13 - STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company issued nil and 29,124 shares of common stock for services rendered by the independent members of the Board of Directors as part of their board compensation. These shares were valued at the fair market value of $ nil and $ 79,500 , respectively. The Company grants share-based compensation to its independent Board of Directors as part of their service compensation. These awards are typically settled in shares under the Company’s equity incentive plan. As of March 31, 2025, the Company did not have a sufficient number of shares available for issuance under the current equity incentive plan to settle the equity portion of the director’s compensation for the period. In accordance with ASC 718 – Compensation – Stock Compensation, the Company has accounted for these awards as a liability and has recorded an accrued liability of $ 39,750 as of March 31, 2025. The Company will reclassify the liability to equity upon the issuance of shares once additional shares are made available under a new equity incentive plan, or will settle the liability in cash if shares are not issued. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the employees of the Company exercised 20,000 and 220,000 options of common stock with an exercise price of $ 2.15 per share for cash proceeds of $ 473,000 . Page 27 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) Stock Grants The following table summarizes stock grants awarded as compensation: SUMMARY OF UNVESTED STOCK GRANTS AWARDED AS COMPENSATION # Number of shares Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value ($) Unvested, June 30, 2024 - $ - Granted 68,652 $ 2.62 Vested ( 68,652 ) $ 2.62 Unvested, March 31, 2025 - $ - For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded compensation expense of $ 39,750 and $ 79,500 , respectively. For the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded compensation expense of $ 39,750 and $ 128,300 , respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value is determined by the Company’s closing stock price on the grant date. NOTE 14 – INCENTIVE AND NON-STATUTORY STOCK OPTION PLAN Common stock purchase options consisted of the following: SCHEDULE OF COMMON STOCK PURCHASE OPTIONS OPTIONS: # of shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregated Intrinsic Value Outstanding and exercisable, June 30, 2024 250,000 $ 2.15 0.50 Granted - - - - Exercised ( 220,000 ) 2.15 - - Expired / Cancelled ( 30,000 ) 2.15 - - Outstanding and exercisable, March 31, 2025 - $ - - $ - NOTE 15– OPERATING SEGMENTS The Company has identified three segments for its products and services; North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific. Our reportable segments are business units located in different global regions. Each business unit provides similar products and services; license fees for leasing and asset-based software, related maintenance fees, and implementation and IT consulting services. Separate management of each segment is required because each business unit is subject to different operational issues and strategies due to their particular regional location. The Company accounts for intra-company sales and expenses as if the sales or expenses were to third parties and eliminates them in the consolidation. Page 28 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) The following table presents a summary of identifiable assets as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024: SUMMARY OF IDENTIFIABLE ASSETS As of As of March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 Identifiable assets: Corporate headquarters $ 978,584 $ 808,385 North America 7,696,063 6,114,142 Europe 10,981,036 9,410,098 Asia - Pacific 38,487,896 47,853,817 Consolidated $ 58,143,579 $ 64,186,442 Identifiable assets $ 58,143,579 $ 64,186,442 The following table presents a summary of revenue streams by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024: SUMMARY OF REVENUE STREAMS License fees Subscription and support Services Total License fees Subscription and support Services Total 2025 2024 License fees Subscription and support Services Total License fees Subscription and support Services Total North America $ - $ 1,340,088 $ 2,529,815 $ 3,869,903 $ - $ 1,161,417 $ 203,657 $ 1,365,074 Europe 1,198 1,215,438 4,678,504 5,895,140 92,925 869,429 2,083,430 3,045,784 Asia-Pacific - 5,332,834 2,446,080 7,778,914 465,415 5,109,512 5,478,731 11,053,658 Total $ 1,198 $ 7,888,360 $ 9,654,399 $ 17,543,957 $ 558,340 $ 7,140,358 $ 7,765,818 $ 15,464,516 The following table presents a summary of revenue streams by segment for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024: License fees Subscription and support Services Total License fees Subscription and support Services Total 2025 2024 License fees Subscription and support Services Total License fees Subscription and support Services Total North America $ - $ 4,208,995 $ 5,736,842 $ 9,945,837 $ - $ 3,454,455 $ 784,455 $ 4,238,910 Europe 75,115 3,311,068 8,265,423 11,651,606 101,891 2,457,513 5,520,770 8,080,174 Asia-Pacific - 17,203,397 8,878,276 26,081,673 4,727,351 14,568,414 13,329,789 32,625,554 Total $ 75,115 $ 24,723,460 $ 22,880,541 $ 47,679,116 $ 4,829,242 $ 20,480,382 $ 19,635,014 $ 44,944,638 Page 29 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) The following table presents a summary of operating information for the three and nine months ended March 31: SUMMARY OF OPERATING INFORMATION 2025 2024 2025 2024 For the Three Months Ended March 31, For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Revenues from unaffiliated customers: North America $ 3,869,903 $ 1,365,074 $ 9,945,837 $ 4,238,910 Europe 5,895,140 3,045,784 11,651,606 8,080,174 Asia - Pacific 7,778,914 11,053,658 26,081,673 32,625,554 Revenues from unaffiliated customers 17,543,957 15,464,516 47,679,116 44,944,638 Revenue from affiliated customers Asia - Pacific - - - - Revenue from affiliated customers - - - - Consolidated $ 17,543,957 $ 15,464,516 $ 47,679,116 $ 44,944,638 Revenue $ 17,543,957 $ 15,464,516 $ 47,679,116 $ 44,944,638 Intercompany revenue Europe $ ( 55,939 ) $ 100,315 $ 149,375 $ 300,732 Asia - Pacific 5,303,033 2,601,585 13,286,176 8,087,181 Eliminated $ 5,247,094 $ 2,701,900 $ 13,435,551 $ 8,387,913 Revenue $ 5,247,094 $ 2,701,900 $ 13,435,551 $ 8,387,913 Net income (loss) after taxes and before non-controlling interest: Corporate headquarters $ ( 209,221 ) $ ( 1,003,157 ) $ ( 974,367 ) $ ( 2,229,549 ) North America 859,320 7,679 1,093,581 ( 61,546 ) Europe 951,208 14,516 ( 22,468 ) ( 228,303 ) Asia - Pacific 233,123 1,296,832 769,187 4,109,146 Consolidated $ 1,834,430 $ 315,870 $ 865,933 $ 1,589,748 Net income (loss) after taxes and before non-controlling interest $ 1,834,430 $ 315,870 $ 865,933 $ 1,589,748 Depreciation and amortization: North America $ 824 $ 407 $ 1,894 $ 1,305 Europe 41,357 58,469 154,216 179,128 Asia - Pacific 321,322 332,414 945,975 1,170,806 Consolidated $ 363,503 $ 391,290 $ 1,102,085 $ 1,351,239 Depreciation and amortization $ 363,503 $ 391,290 $ 1,102,085 $ 1,351,239 Interest expense: Corporate headquarters $ 13,795 $ 12,028 $ 34,246 $ 24,687 Europe - 508 12,059 6,984 Asia - Pacific 180,947 277,141 643,042 824,345 Consolidated $ 194,742 $ 289,677 $ 689,347 $ 856,016 Interest expense $ 194,742 $ 289,677 $ 689,347 $ 856,016 Income tax expense: North America $ 800 $ 800 $ 800 $ 800 Europe - - - ( 93,583 ) Asia - Pacific 150,534 145,769 711,965 511,300 Consolidated $ 151,334 $ 146,569 $ 712,765 $ 418,517 Income tax expense $ 151,334 $ 146,569 $ 712,765 $ 418,517 Page 30 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) The following table presents a summary of capital expenditures for the nine months ended March 31: SUMMARY OF CAPITAL EXPENDITURES 2025 2024 For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 2024 Capital expenditures: North America $ 17,331 $ - Europe 72,551 592,432 Asia - Pacific 807,861 355,905 Consolidated $ 897,743 $ 948,337 Capital expenditures $ 897,743 $ 948,337 NOTE 16 – NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARY The Company had non-controlling interests in several of its subsidiaries. The balance of non-controlling interest was as follows: SCHEDULE OF BALANCE OF NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST SUBSIDIARY Non-Controlling Interest % Non-Controlling Interest at March 31, 2025 NetSol PK 30.24 % $ 3,971,577 NetSol Innovation 30.24 % ( 579,525 ) NAMECET 30.24 % 49,826 NetSol Thai 0.006 % ( 163 ) OTOZ Thai 0.01 % 18 OTOZ 0.00 % - Total $ 3,441,733 SUBSIDIARY Non-Controlling Interest % Non-Controlling Interest at June 30, 2024 NetSol PK 32.38 % $ 4,679,101 NetSol Innovation 32.38 % 137,232 NAMECET 32.38 % ( 21,014 ) NetSol Thai 0.006 % ( 163 ) OTOZ Thai 5.60 % ( 17,483 ) OTOZ 5.59 % ( 83,255 ) Total $ 4,694,418 During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, NetSol PK, a majority owned subsidiary of the Company, repurchased 2,690,251 shares of its outstanding common stock from the open market for $ 1,503,662 . The repurchase did not result in a change of control and was therefore accounted for as an equity transaction in accordance with ASC 810-10. Due to this purchase, the non-controlling interest in NetSol PK, NetSol Innovation and NAMECET, decreased from 32.38 % at June 30, 2024 to 30.24 % at March 31, 2025. The carrying amount of the non-controlling interest was reduced by $ 1,532,797 , and the difference of $ 29,135 was recognized as an increase in additional paid-in capital in the Company’s consolidated equity. Page 31 NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company acquired the remaining 177,558 minority shares from the OTOZ non-controlling shareholders for $ 8,878 . As a result, the Company’s ownership interest increased, reducing the non-controlling interest from 5.59 % to 0.0 %. The effective non-controlling interest in Otoz® Thai decreased to 0.01 %. The following schedule discloses the effect on the Company’s equity due to the changes in the Company’s ownership interest in Otoz® and Otoz® Thai. SCHEDULE OF CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP INTEREST 2025 2024 2025 2024 For the Three Months For the Nine Months Ended March 31, Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Net income (loss) attributable to NetSol Transfer to (from) non-controlling interest $ 1,423,968 $ 327,549 $ 347,721 $ 766,755 Decrease in paid-in capital for purchase of 177,558 shares of OTOZ Inc common stock - - ( 103,132 ) - Increase in paid-in capital for purchase of 2,690,251 shares of common stock of NetSol PK from Open Market 29,135 - 29,135 - Net transfer to (from) non-controlling interest 29,135 - ( 73,997 ) - Change from net income (loss) attributable to NetSol and transfer (to) from non-controlling interest $ 1,453,103 $ 327,549 $ 273,724 $ 766,755 NOTE 17– INCOME TAXES The current tax provision is based on taxable income for the year determined in accordance with the prevailing law for taxation of income. The charge for tax on income is calculated at the current rates of taxation as applicable after considering tax credit and tax rebates available, if any. We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate will depend on the portion of our profits earned within and outside the United States. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $ 151,334 and $ 712,765 , respectively. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $ 146,569 and $ 418,517 , respectively. NOTE 18– SUBSEQUENT EVENTS The Company’s subsidiary OTOZ Inc. has been merged with NTA effective April 1, 2025. The merger has no financial impact on the consolidated financial statements. Page 32 Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion is intended to assist in an understanding of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the information included within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2024, and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Our website is located at https://netsoltech.com/ , and our investor relations website is located at https://ir.netsoltech.com . The following filings are available through our investor relations website after we file with the SEC: Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and our Proxy Statements for our annual meetings of stockholders. These filings are also available for download free of charge on our investor relations website. We also provide a link to the section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov that has all of our public filings, including Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, all amendments to those reports, our Proxy Statements and other ownership related filings. Further, a copy of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is located at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. We webcast our earnings calls and certain events we participate in or host with members of the investment community on our investor relations website. Additionally, we provide notifications of news or announcements regarding our financial performance, including SEC filings, investor events, press and earnings releases, and blogs as part of our investor relations website and on social media platforms linked to our corporate website. Investors and others can receive notifications of new information posted on our investor relations website by signing up for e-mail alerts. Further corporate governance information, including our committee charters and code of conduct, is also available on our investor relations website at https://ir.netsoltech.com/all-sec-filings . The content of our websites is not intended to be incorporated by reference into this or in any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only. Forward-Looking Information This report contains certain forward-looking statements and information relating to the Company that is based on the beliefs of its management as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to its management. When used in this report, the words “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “plan”, and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or its management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect management’s current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Should any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those described in this report as anticipated, estimated or expected. The Company’s realization of its business aims could be materially and adversely affected by any technical or other problems in, or difficulties with, planned funding and technologies, third party technologies which render the Company’s technologies obsolete, the unavailability of required third party technology licenses on commercially reasonable terms, the loss of key research and development personnel, the inability or failure to recruit and retain qualified research and development personnel, or the adoption of technology standards which are different from technologies around which the Company’s business ultimately is built. The Company does not intend to update these forward-looking statements. Page 33 Business Overview NetSol Technologies is a global business services and asset finance solutions provider. NetSol delivers state-of-the-art solutions for the asset finance and leasing industry, serving automotive and equipment OEMs, auto captives and financial institutions across over 30 countries. Since its inception in 1997, NetSol has been at the cutting edge of technology, pioneering innovations with its asset finance solutions and leveraging advanced AI and cloud services to meet the complex needs of the global market. Renowned for a deep industry expertise, customer-centric approach and commitment to excellence, NetSol seeks to foster strong partnerships with its clients, ensuring their success in an ever-evolving landscape. With a rich history of innovation, ethical business practices and a focus on sustainability, NetSol is dedicated to empowering businesses worldwide, securing its position as the trusted partner for leading firms around the globe. Our primary sources of revenues have been licensing, subscriptions, modification, enhancement and support of our suite of financial applications, under the brand name Transcend™ Finance (formerly called NFS Ascent ® ) for leading businesses in the global finance and leasing space. Our clients include blue chip organizations, Dow-Jones 30 Industrials, Fortune 500 manufacturers, financial institutions, global vehicle manufacturers and enterprise technology providers, all of which are serviced by our strategically placed support and delivery locations around the globe. We are also committed to serving Tier-2 and Tier-3 banks and financial institutions. We understand the unique challenges faced by these institutions, which is why we offer innovative cloud implementation solutions without any license fees, with rapid deployments and with the ability to scale. Further, our out-of-the-box, API-first products are designed to seamlessly integrate into existing systems, providing flexibility and scalability that smaller institutions often need. By prioritizing accessibility and ease of use, we empower smaller financial companies to enhance their service offerings and streamline operations, positioning ourselves as a trusted partner in their digital transformation journey. Founded in 1997, NetSol is headquartered in Encino, California. While the Company follows a global strategy for sales and delivery of its portfolio of solutions and services, it continues to maintain regional offices in the following locations: ● North America Encino, California and Austin, Texas ● Europe London Metropolitan area, Horsham and Flintshire ● Asia Pacific Lahore, Karachi, Bangkok, Beijing, Tianjin, Jakarta and Sydney ● Middle East Dubai We believe that our strong technology solutions offer our customers a return on their investment and allows us to thrive in a hyper competitive and mature global marketplace. Our solutions are bolstered by our people. We believe that people are the drivers of success; therefore, we invest heavily in our hiring, training and retention of top-notch staff to ensure not only successful selling, but also the ongoing satisfaction of our clients. Taken together, this “selling and attentive servicing” approach creates a distinctive advantage for us and a unique value for our customers. We continue to underpin our proven and effective business model which is a combination of careful cost arbitrage, subject matter expertise, domain experience, scalability and proximity with our global and regional customers. Expertise Our expertise in enterprise technology and financial application development has helped us emerge as a global player in the finance and leasing industry and enabled us to secure a broad footprint across the major markets of North America, Asia Pacific and Europe. The Asia Pacific region has particularly benefitted from the organic growth in the fast-developing leasing automation industry, which is still nascent as per Western standards. Page 34 Domain Experience NetSol is a dynamic leader and has been able to accumulate a wealth of experience in the global asset finance and leasing industry. We have built a large knowledge base which is regularly refined and updated to ensure the most up-to-date best practices and business solutions for the benefit of our clients and partners. We have a strong presence in the captive asset-finance domain. We have had continual operations for nearly three decades in Asia Pacific and Europe and over four decades in North America. Proximity with Global and Regional Customers We have offices across the world, located strategically to maintain close contact and proximity with our customers in various key markets. This has not only helped us strengthen our customer relationships, but also build a deeper understanding of local market dynamics. Simultaneously, we can extend services and support development through a combination of onsite and offsite resources. This approach has allowed us to offer blended rates to our customers by employing a unique and cost-effective global development model. While our business model is built around the development, implementation and maintenance of our suite of financial applications, we employ the same facilities and competencies to extend our services to related segments, including but not limited to: ● Information security ● Digital solutions ● AI, ML and data analytics ● Generative AI ● Policy and strategy ● Emerging technologies| ● Cloud services ● Data engineering Our global operations are broken down into three primary regions: North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. All of the subsidiaries are seamlessly integrated to function effectively with global delivery capabilities, cross selling to multinational asset finance companies, leveraging the centralized marketing and pre-sales organization, and a network of employees connected across the globe to support local and global customers and partners. OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES Covering the complete finance and leasing lifecycle starting from quotation origination through contract settlements, our products are designed and developed for highly flexible settings and are capable of dealing with multinational, multi-company, multi-asset, multi-lingual, multi-distributor and multi-manufacturer environments. Our solutions empower financial institutions to effectively manage their complex lending portfolios, enabling them to thrive in hyper-competitive global markets. Built on cutting-edge, modern technology, NetSol’s unified Transcend™ Platform is an AI-powered digital retail and asset finance solution for automotive and equipment OEMs, auto captives, commercial lenders, dealers, brokers and financial institutions. PRODUCTS AND SERVICES: TRANSCEND™ PLATFORM The Transcend™ Platform, powered by NetSol, is an AI-driven unified ecosystem that revolutionizes how assets are sold, financed and leased. Designed to automate and optimize every step - from sales to originations to servicing, Transcend™ leverages AI and ML to drive predictive insights and smarter decision-making. Page 35 Transcend™ Retail (Formerly Known as Otoz®) We revolutionize auto and equipment retail with a fully digital, integrated platform that simplifies the entire customer journey. From online purchasing to finance approval, Transcend™ Retail (formerly known as Otoz®) offers advanced retail and mobility solutions that keep dealerships or OEMs at the cutting edge of consumer expectations. Transcend™ Finance (Formerly Known as Ascent®) We streamline finance and leasing operations with a comprehensive solution for originations, servicing and wholesale finance. Transcend™ Finance (formerly known as Ascent®) empowers automotive and equipment OEMs, auto captives, commercial lenders, dealers, brokers and financial institutions with end-to-end visibility and control, ensuring seamless workflows and accelerated business outcomes. Originations We streamline the entire origination process, from submission to approval, with advanced features such as real-time, AI-powered credit decisioning, automated deal flows and more. Servicing We enable financial institutions to attain real-time insights into portfolio performance, delinquencies and losses, enabling proactive portfolio management and strategic decision-making. Wholesale finance Our wholesale finance solution empowers customers to gain a competitive edge by automating their wholesale finance and floor planning operations effortlessly. Transcend™ Marketplace (Formerly Known as Appex Now) Transcend™ Marketplace (formerly known as Appex Now) offers a suite of flexible, component-based solutions that integrate seamlessly with the customer’s existing infrastructure. Transcend™ Marketplace is a modular, API-first solution that addresses every aspect of finance and leasing using tools for calculations, document generation, loan origination and lending configurations. Flex™ Flex is an API-first, ready-to-use calculation and quotation engine. It is a one-stop solution that guarantees precise calculations at all stages of the contract lifecycle through various calculation types. All the calculations are parameter-driven, which helps perform simple, multi-dimensional or complex calculations based on the needs of a business. Flex™ has a lightning-fast onboarding process, which can take place in mere minutes. Hubex™ Hubex™ is an API library that enables companies to standardize all their API integration procedures across multiple API services through a single integration. In addition to traditional lending companies, Hubex™ can also streamline the operations of dealerships, vendors and consultants. With a ready-to-use service, Hubex™ makes it easy for businesses to seamlessly connect with multiple APIs and achieve their desired outcomes. Pre-integrated services in the Hubex™ library include, but are not limited to, payment processing, bank account authentication, finance and insurance products, fraud check, know your customer (KYC) service, driver license verification, address validation, vehicle valuation and notification service. Index™ Index™ is a cloud-based parameter storage that smoothly runs all of a company’s core lending operations. It is an accumulation of all the master setups, including asset catalog and inventory, programs, rates, and profiles for lenders, dealers and multiple partners, in one centralized location for all business types. Index TM can enhance delivery efficiency and program management for easy integration into all systems. Dock™ Dock™ is an advanced document generation tool that lets a company create accurate and professional-looking documents in just seconds. With Dock TM ’s template-based configuration, a company can set up placeholders for data, essentially simplifying the document creation process and reducing the chance of human error. Its API-first architecture ensures scalability, making it capable of handling any document generation task, from single documents to millions, with ease. Page 36 Lane™ Lane™ offers a feature-rich, end-to-end order management system for asset leasing and loans and credit companies. Our platform covers all aspects, from conducting end-to-end sales to performing dealer and partner-related tasks and marketing-related activities. The system offers a variety of dashboards that provide vital information for dealers and partners while enabling quick order management and providing a way for users to record and submit a complete credit application for their clients. Link™ Link is a purpose-built platform designed for brokers, lenders, dealers and borrowers to work seamlessly together. With tailored solutions that simplify applications and automate key processes, Link TM is designed to enhance customer relationships whilst making compliance effortless. This results in faster approvals, enriched customer experiences and stronger loyalty via elevated customer satisfaction. Intermediary portals: Broker portals Efficiency and effectiveness are paramount for any broker. Managing disparate systems and processes can be cumbersome and time consuming, often leading to inefficiencies and missed opportunities. NetSol offers a solution to these challenges by consolidating disparate processes into a single unified interface, revolutionizing the way a brokerage operates. Lender portals NetSol’s lender-specific portals are designed to transform the lending process by enhancing risk management and driving profitability. Our advanced tools not only streamline loan origination, but also facilitate seamless communication and collaboration with the lending ecosystem. We empower a company’s lending process with intuitive and efficient lender portals designed for a seamless user experience. Dealer portals In the competitive automotive industry, dealers need efficient and comprehensive solutions to manage their operations effectively. NetSol’s intermediary portals serve as digital command centers, providing dealers with a wide array of tools, resources and services to optimize every aspect of their business, from inventory management to sales and marketing. Transcend™ Consultancy Empowering businesses with Transcend™ Consulting Services, we offer expert guidance across critical areas like information security, data engineering and cloud services. Our team partners with businesses to create tailored solutions that drive innovation, efficiency and growth. Transcend™ AI Labs We are leading AI-driven innovation with our Transcend™ AI Labs, integrating advanced AI services into our product suite to solve the unique challenges of BFSI, equipment and auto OEMs and dealerships. Our tailored solutions drive industry-specific advancements, helping companies stay ahead in a competitive market. Page 37 Highlights Listed below are a few of NetSol’s highlights for the quarter ended March 31, 2025: ● We entered into an agreement with a Chinese leasing company to deploy our Transcend Finance Suite, including Omni POS, Contract Management System, and a customized funding platform compliant with local regulations. The contract is expected to generate approximately $2.7 million in revenues during the contract term. ● We partnered with Sindbad Management SPC to implement Transcend Finance Platform (Point-of-Sale, Credit Underwriting, Contract Management) under a scalable pricing model, supporting high-value asset financing and regional growth. The contract is expected to generate $1.7 million in revenues during the contract term. ● We generated $1.1 million through modifications and system enhancements for multiple clients across diverse regions. ● We secured $1 million in additional revenue for the ongoing Transcend Retail Platform implementation for a U.S. auto manufacturer, driven by customizations to meet their evolving business needs. ● We amended an agreement with an existing UK/EU client that will provide additional revenue of €3 million, further strengthening the long-term partnership. ● We hired a Vice President of Artificial Intelligence, who has 15+ years in fintech, insurance, and entertainment, to lead Transcend AI Labs, accelerating our AI-first strategy in asset finance. ● We announced the go-live of our Transcend Finance platform for the Australian operations of a leading Japanese equipment finance company, building on our existing partnership in New Zealand and enhancing their regional operations with additional digital self-service solutions. Management has identified the following material trends affecting NetSol. Positive trends: ● According to S&P Global Mobility, the forecast for new vehicle sales worldwide in 2025 is 89.6 million units, which is a modest 1.7% year-over-year growth in light vehicle sales. ● According to S&P Global Mobility and Edmunds, the US automotive sales of new vehicles in 2025 are expected to be around 16.2 million units, which is a 1.2% to 1.4% increase from 2024. This would be the highest annual sales figure since 2019. ● The annual inflation rate for the U.S. was 2.4% for the 12 months ending March 2025. (USinflationcalculator.com) ● The U.S. market remains strong and resilient for NetSol to continue investing in building local teams for its core offerings. ● According to recent forecasts, China’s auto sales in 2025 are expected to reach approximately 32.9 million units representing a 4.7% year-over-year increase. (China Automobile Manufacturers Association) ● The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) investment, initiated by China, has exceeded $65 billion from the originally planned $46 billion, in Pakistan’s energy and infrastructure sectors. In June 2024, China authorized a new $2.3 billion loan at a discounted rate to Pakistan as a short-term loan. ● The overall size of the mobility market in Europe and the United States is projected to increase over $425 billion combined, by 2035 or a compound CAGR of 5% from 2022. (Deloitte Global Automotive Mobility Market Simulation Tool) ● The global automotive finance market accounted for $245 billion in 2022 and is expected to more than double by 2035 at a CAGR of 7.4% according to Precedence Research. Page 38 Negative trends: ● The conflict in Gaza has disrupted the entire Middle East region since October 7, 2023. The conflict has expanded to neighboring nations such as Syria, Lebanon and Iran. The unrest and turmoil in the region is viewed unfavorably by the regional business community. ● General economic conditions in our geographic markets; inflation, geopolitical tensions, including trade wars, tariffs and/or sanctions in geographic areas; and global conflicts or disasters that impact the global economy or one or more sectors of the global economy. ● The imposition of tariffs on China and threatened tariffs on other US trading partners may affect the price of consumer goods including vehicles amongst others, negatively affecting the profitability of many of our customers. ● Political, monetary, and economic challenges and a higher inflation rate than other regional countries impacting Pakistan exports. ● Inflation and higher interest rates globally have greatly increased the cost of doing business, including salaries and benefits worldwide, affecting profitability. ● War and hostility between Russia and Ukraine continue to foster global economic uncertainty. ● The geo-political environment in South Asia will continue to influence Pakistan’s economic prospects. Pakistan’s political uncertainty has caused higher inflation with constant pressure on its currency being devalued against the US Dollar. According to a report issued by the World Bank, while marginal economic growth is expected in Pakistan, implementing an ambitious and credibly communicated economic reform plan is critical for a robust economic recovery. There is no guarantee that such reforms will be implemented. See Press Release, dated April 2, 2024, World Bank. ● The US and EU have placed tariffs on a range of high-tech products from China including the US placing 100% tariffs on EV vehicles and 25% tariffs on EV batteries imported from China. (Center for Strategic and International Studies June 28, 2024). The US imposed additional tariffs on China in February 2025 with retaliatory tariffs from China on US goods. Page 39 CHANGES IN FINANCIAL CONDITION Quarter Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Quarter Ended March 31, 2024 The following table sets forth the items in our unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 as a percentage of revenues. For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 % 2024 % Net Revenues: License fees $ 1,198 0.0 % $ 558,340 3.6 % Subscription and support 7,888,360 45.0 % 7,140,358 46.2 % Services 9,654,399 55.0 % 7,765,818 50.2 % Total net revenues 17,543,957 100.0 % 15,464,516 100.0 % Cost of revenues 8,802,184 50.2 % 7,989,696 51.7 % Gross profit 8,741,773 49.8 % 7,474,820 48.3 % Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative 6,883,587 39.2 % 5,811,335 37.6 % Research and development cost 304,788 1.7 % 345,582 2.2 % Total operating expenses 7,188,375 41.0 % 6,156,917 39.8 % Income (loss) from operations 1,553,398 8.9 % 1,317,903 8.5 % Other income and (expenses) Interest expense (194,742 ) -1.1 % (289,677 ) -1.9 % Interest income 294,655 1.7 % 376,466 2.4 % Gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange transactions 321,622 1.8 % (963,887 ) -6.2 % Other income 10,831 0.1 % 21,634 0.1 % Total other income (expenses) 432,366 2.5 % (855,464 ) -5.5 % Net income before income taxes 1,985,764 11.3 % 462,439 3.0 % Income tax provision (151,334 ) -0.9 % (146,569 ) -0.9 % Net income 1,834,430 10.5 % 315,870 2.0 % Non-controlling interest (410,462 ) -2.3 % 11,679 0.1 % Net income attributable to NetSol $ 1,423,968 8.1 % $ 327,549 2.1 % Net income per share: Net income per common share Basic $ 0.12 $ 0.03 Diluted $ 0.12 $ 0.03 Weighted average number of shares outstanding Basic 11,683,408 11,390,888 Diluted 11,683,408 11,430,493 Page 40 A significant portion of our business is conducted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We operate in several geographical regions as described in Note 15 “Operating Segments” within the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Weakening of the value of the U.S. dollar compared to foreign currency exchange rates generally has the effect of increasing our revenues but also increasing our expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Similarly, strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to foreign currency exchange rates generally has the effect of reducing our revenues but also reducing our expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We plan our business accordingly by deploying additional resources to areas of expansion, while continuing to monitor our overall expenditures given the economic uncertainties of our target markets. In order to provide a framework for assessing how our underlying businesses performed excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations, we compare the changes in results from one period to another period using constant currency. In order to calculate our constant currency results, we apply the current period results to the prior period foreign currency exchange rates. In the table below, we present the change based on actual results in reported currency and in constant currency. Favorable Favorable Total (Unfavorable) (Unfavorable) Favorable For the Three Months Change in Change due to (Unfavorable) Ended March 31, Constant Currency Change as 2025 % 2024 % Currency Fluctuation Reported Net Revenues: $ 17,543,957 100.0 % $ 15,464,516 100.0 % $ 2,097,892 $ (18,451 ) $ 2,079,441 Cost of revenues: 8,802,184 50.2 % 7,989,696 51.7 % (829,393 ) 16,905 (812,488 ) Gross profit 8,741,773 49.8 % 7,474,820 48.3 % 1,268,499 (1,546 ) 1,266,953 Operating expenses: 7,188,375 41.0 % 6,156,917 39.8 % (1,038,277 ) 6,819 (1,031,458 ) Income (loss) from operations $ 1,553,398 8.9 % $ 1,317,903 8.5 % $ 230,222 $ 5,273 $ 235,495 Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are broken out among the segments as follows: 2025 2024 Revenue % Revenue % North America $ 3,869,903 22.1 % $ 1,365,074 8.8 % Europe 5,895,140 33.6 % 3,045,784 19.7 % Asia-Pacific 7,778,914 44.3 % 11,053,658 71.5 % Total $ 17,543,957 100.0 % $ 15,464,516 100.0 % Revenues License fees License fees for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $1,198 compared to $558,340 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 reflecting a decrease of $557,142 with a decrease in constant currency of $557,142. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized approximately $465,000 related to the additional sale of our NFS Ascent® CMS software to a renowned German auto manufacturer based in China. Page 41 Subscription and support Subscription and support fees for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $7,888,360 compared to $7,140,358 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 reflecting an increase of $748,002 with an increase in constant currency of $768,805. Subscription and support fees begin once a customer has “gone live” with our product. Subscription and support fees are recurring in nature, and we anticipate these fees to gradually increase as we implement both our NFS legacy products and NFS Ascent ® . Services Services income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $9,654,399 compared to $7,765,818 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 reflecting an increase of $1,888,581, with an increase in constant currency of $1,863,412. The increase is mainly due to implementation services in the U.S. and Europe. Gross Profit The gross profit was $8,741,773, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $7,474,820 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This is an increase of $1,266,953 with an increase in constant currency of $1,268,499. The gross profit percentage for the three months ended March 31, 2025 also increased to 49.8% from 48.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The cost of sales was $8,802,184 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $7,989,696 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 for an increase of $812,488 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $829,393. As a percentage of sales, cost of sales decreased from 51.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to 50.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Salaries and consultant fees increased by $968,018 from $5,803,910 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $6,771,928 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and on a constant currency basis increased by $982,985. The increase is due to annual salary raises. As a percentage of sales, salaries and consultant expense increased from 37.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to 38.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Travel expenses were $451,895 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $799,560 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 for a decrease of $347,665 with a decrease in constant currency of $346,479. As a percentage of sales, travel expense decreased from 5.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to 2.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased to $240,444 compared to $250,126 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or a decrease of $9,682 and on a constant currency basis a decrease of $9,512. Other costs increased to $1,337,917 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1,136,100 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or an increase of $201,817 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $202,399. Operating Expenses Operating expenses were $7,188,375 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $6,156,917, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 for an increase of $1,031,458 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $1,038,277. As a percentage of sales, it increased from 39.8% to 41.0%. The increase in operating expenses was primarily due to increases in selling and marketing expenses, salaries and wages and provision for doubtful accounts off set by decrease in other general and administrative expenses. Selling expenses were $2,426,083 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1,830,025, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 for an increase of $596,058 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $585,484. The increase is mainly due to increases is salaries and consultants of approximately $427,000, due to annual raises and the hiring of additional marketing personnel. Other marketing expenses increased by approximately $130,000 due to the increase in advertising and marketing events. Page 42 General and administrative expenses were $4,457,504 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $3,981,310 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or an increase of $476,194 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $493,629. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, salaries increased by $14,558 and increased $21,091 on a constant currency basis, bad debt expense increased $606,795 and increased $616,360 on a constant currency basis, and other general and administrative expenses decreased $145,149 and decreased by $143,822 on a constant currency basis. Research and development cost was $304,788 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $345,582, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 for a decrease of $40,794 and on a constant currency basis a decrease of $40,836. Income/Loss from Operations Income from operations was $1,553,398 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1,317,903 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This represents an increase of $235,495 with an increase of $230,222 on a constant currency basis for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with the three months ended March 31, 2024. As a percentage of sales, income from operations was 8.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 8.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Other Income and Expense Other income was $432,366 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to other expense of $855,464 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This represents an increase in other income of $1,287,830 with an increase of $1,286,923 on a constant currency basis. The increase is primarily due to the foreign currency exchange transactions. The majority of the contracts with NetSol PK are either in U.S. dollars or Euros; therefore, the currency fluctuations will lead to foreign currency exchange gains or losses depending on the value of the PKR compared to the U.S. dollar and the Euro. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized a gain of $321,622 in foreign currency exchange transactions compared to a loss of $963,887 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the value of the U.S. dollar increased 0.3% and the Euro increased 4.5%, compared to the PKR. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the value of the U.S. dollar and the Euro decreased 0.6% and 2.8%, compared to the PKR. Non-controlling Interest For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the net income attributable to non-controlling interest was $410,462, compared to net income of $11,679 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in non-controlling interest is primarily due to the increase in net income of NetSol PK. Net income (loss) attributable to NetSol The net income was $1,423,968 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $327,549 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This is an increase of $1,096,419 with an increase of $1,039,042 on a constant currency basis, compared to the prior year. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, net income per share was $0.12 for basic and diluted shares compared to net income per share of $0.03 for basic and diluted shares for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Page 43 Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2024 The following table sets forth the items in our unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 as a percentage of revenues. For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 % 2024 % Net Revenues: License fees $ 75,115 0.2 % $ 4,829,242 10.7 % Subscription and support 24,723,460 51.9 % 20,480,382 45.6 % Services 22,880,541 48.0 % 19,635,014 43.7 % Total net revenues 47,679,116 100.0 % 44,944,638 100.0 % Cost of revenues 25,452,890 53.4 % 24,132,064 53.7 % Gross profit 22,226,226 46.6 % 20,812,574 46.3 % Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative 20,921,530 43.9 % 17,051,798 37.9 % Research and development cost 998,406 2.1 % 1,065,412 2.4 % Total operating expenses 21,919,936 46.0 % 18,117,210 40.3 % Income (loss) from operations 306,290 0.6 % 2,695,364 6.0 % Other income and (expenses) Interest expense (689,347 ) -1.4 % (856,016 ) -1.9 % Interest income 1,593,594 3.3 % 1,259,464 2.8 % Gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange transactions 165,775 0.3 % (1,112,757 ) -2.5 % Other income 202,386 0.4 % 22,210 0.0 % Total other income (expenses) 1,272,408 2.7 % (687,099 ) -1.5 % Net income before income taxes 1,578,698 3.3 % 2,008,265 4.5 % Income tax provision (712,765 ) -1.5 % (418,517 ) -0.9 % Net income 865,933 1.8 % 1,589,748 3.5 % Non-controlling interest (518,212 ) -1.1 % (822,993 ) -1.8 % Net income attributable to NetSol $ 347,721 0.7 % $ 766,755 1.7 % Net income per share: Net income per common share Basic $ 0.03 $ 0.07 Diluted $ 0.03 $ 0.07 Weighted average number of shares outstanding Basic 11,531,365 11,369,778 Diluted 11,531,365 11,409,383 Page 44 A significant portion of our business is conducted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We operate in several geographical regions as described in Note 15 “Operating Segments” within the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Weakening of the value of the U.S. dollar compared to foreign currency exchange rates generally has the effect of increasing our revenues but also increasing our expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Similarly, strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to foreign currency exchange rates generally has the effect of reducing our revenues but also reducing our expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We plan our business accordingly by deploying additional resources to areas of expansion, while continuing to monitor our overall expenditures given the economic uncertainties of our target markets. In order to provide a framework for assessing how our underlying businesses performed excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations, we compare the changes in results from one period to another period using constant currency. In order to calculate our constant currency results, we apply the current period results to the prior period foreign currency exchange rates. In the table below, we present the change based on actual results in reported currency and in constant currency. Favorable Favorable Total (Unfavorable) (Unfavorable) Favorable For the Nine Months Change in Change due to (Unfavorable) Ended March 31, Constant Currency Change as 2025 % 2024 % Currency Fluctuation Reported Net Revenues: $ 47,679,116 100.0 % $ 44,944,638 100.0 % $ 2,455,162 $ 279,316 $ 2,734,478 Cost of revenues: 25,452,890 53.4 % 24,132,064 53.7 % (938,612 ) (382,214 ) (1,320,826 ) Gross profit 22,226,226 46.6 % 20,812,574 46.3 % 1,516,550 (102,898 ) 1,413,652 Operating expenses: 21,919,936 46.0 % 18,117,210 40.3 % (3,473,618 ) (329,108 ) (3,802,726 ) Income (loss) from operations $ 306,290 0.6 % $ 2,695,364 6.0 % $ (1,957,068 ) $ (432,006 ) $ (2,389,074 ) Net revenues for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are broken out among the segments as follows: 2025 2024 Revenue % Revenue % North America $ 9,945,837 20.9 % $ 4,238,910 9.4 % Europe 11,651,606 24.4 % 8,080,174 18.0 % Asia-Pacific 26,081,673 54.7 % 32,625,554 72.6 % Total $ 47,679,116 100.0 % $ 44,944,638 100.0 % Revenues License fees License fees for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 were $75,115 compared to $4,829,242 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 reflecting a decrease of $4,754,127 with a decrease in constant currency of $4,756,850. During the nine months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized approximately $2,800,000 related to the sale of our NFS Ascent® CMS software to a renowned U.S. auto manufacturer based in China and we recognized approximately $1,142,000 related to the license renewal with an existing customer, and we recognized approximately $465,000 related to the additional sale of our NFS Ascent® CMS software to a renowned German auto manufacturer based in China. Page 45 Subscription and support Subscription and support fees for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 were $24,723,460 compared to $20,480,382 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 reflecting an increase of $4,243,078 with an increase in constant currency of $4,139,874. The increase includes a one-time catch up of approximately $1,693,000 from five of our customers. Subscription and support fees begin once a customer has “gone live” with our product. Subscription and support fees are recurring in nature, and we anticipate these fees to gradually increase as we implement both our NFS legacy products and NFS Ascent ® . Services Services income for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 was $22,880,541 compared to $19,635,014 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 reflecting an increase of $3,245,527 with an increase in constant currency of $3,003,158. The increase is mainly due to implementation services in the U.S. and Europe. Gross Profit The gross profit was $22,226,226, for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $20,812,574 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. This is an increase of $1,413,652 with an increase in constant currency of $1,516,550. The gross profit percentage for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 slightly increased to 46.6% from 46.3% for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. The cost of sales was $25,452,890 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $24,132,064 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 for an increase of $1,320,826 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $938,612. As a percentage of sales, cost of sales slightly decreased from 53.7% for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 to 53.4% for the nine months ended March 31, 2025. Salaries and consultant fees increased by $2,024,684 from $17,665,415 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 to $19,690,099 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and on a constant currency basis increased by $1,732,630. The increase is due to annual salary raises. As a percentage of sales, salaries and consultant expense increased from 39.3% for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 to 41.3% for the nine months ended March 31, 2025. Travel expenses were $1,624,008 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $2,207,999 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 for a decrease of $583,991 with a decrease in constant currency of $606,561. As a percentage of sales, travel expense decreased from 4.9% for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 to 3.4% for the nine months ended March 31, 2025. Depreciation and amortization expense decreased to $706,876 compared to $907,483 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 or a decrease of $200,607 and on a constant currency basis a decrease of $213,640. Other costs increased to $3,431,907 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $3,351,167 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 or an increase of $80,740 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $26,183. Operating Expenses Operating expenses were $21,919,936 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $18,117,210, for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 for an increase of $3,802,726 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $3,473,618. As a percentage of sales, it increased from 40.3% to 46.0%. The increase in operating expenses was primarily due to increases in selling and marketing expenses, salaries and wages, provision for doubtful accounts, and other general and administrative expenses. Selling expenses were $7,380,679 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $5,323,400, for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 for an increase of $2,057,279 and on a constant currency basis an increase of $1,952,658. The increase is mainly due to increases is salaries and consultants of approximately $1,447,000, due to annual raises and the hiring of additional marketing personnel. Travel expenses increased by approximately $274,000. Other marketing expenses increased by approximately $345,000 due to the increase in marketing events. Page 46 General and administrative expenses were $13,540,851 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $11,728,398 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 or an increase of $1,812,453 and on a constant currency basis, an increase of $1,608,601. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, salaries increased by approximately $577,390 and increased $493,440 on a constant currency basis, bad debt expense increased $1,052,776 and $1,046,603 on a constant currency basis, and other general and administrative expenses increased approximately $182,287 or increased by $68,558 on a constant currency basis. Research and development cost was $998,406 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1,065,412, for the nine months ended March 31, 2024 for a decrease of $67,006 and on a constant currency basis, a decrease of $87,641. Income/Loss from Operations Income from operations was $306,290 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $2,695,364 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. This represents a decrease of $2,389,074 with a decrease of $1,957,068 on a constant currency basis for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared with the nine months ended March 31, 2024. As a percentage of sales, income from operations was 0.6% for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 6.0% for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. Other Income and Expense Other income was $1,272,408 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to other expense of $687,099 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. This represents an increase in other income of $1,959,507 with an increase of $1,924,932 on a constant currency basis. The increase is primarily due to the foreign currency exchange transactions and interest income. The majority of the contracts with NetSol PK are either in U.S. dollars or Euros; therefore, the currency fluctuations will lead to foreign currency exchange gains or losses depending on the value of the PKR compared to the U.S. dollar and the Euro. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized a gain of $165,775 in foreign currency exchange transactions compared to a loss of $1,112,757 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, the value of the U.S. dollar increased 0.5% and the Euro increased 1.5%, compared to the PKR. During the nine months ended March 31, 2024, the value of the U.S. dollar and the Euro decreased 3.2% and 4.0%, respectively, compared to the PKR. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, interest income was $1,593,594 compared to $1,259,464 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024, for an increase of $334,130 and on constant currency basis an increase of $291,791. The increase in interest income was driven by a higher balance of interest-bearing funds during the period. Non-controlling Interest For the nine months ended March 31, 2025, the net income attributable to non-controlling interest was $518,212, compared to $822,993 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in non-controlling interest is primarily due to the decrease in net income of NetSol PK. Net income (loss) attributable to NetSol The net income was $347,721 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $766,755 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. This is a decrease in net income of $419,034 with a decrease of $277,415 on a constant currency basis, compared to the prior year. Net income for basic and diluted shares was $0.03 and $0.07 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Page 47 Non-GAAP Financial Measures Regulation S-K Item 10(e), “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures in Commission Filings,” defines and prescribes the conditions for use of non-GAAP financial information. Our measures of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA per basic and diluted share meet the definition of a non-GAAP financial measure. We define the non-GAAP measures as follows: ● EBITDA is GAAP net income or loss before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization. ● Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA plus stock-based compensation expense. ● Adjusted EBITDA per basic and diluted share – Adjusted EBITDA allocated to common stock divided by the weighted average shares outstanding and diluted shares outstanding. We use non-GAAP measures internally to evaluate the business and believe that presenting non-GAAP measures provides useful information to investors regarding the underlying business trends and performance of our ongoing operations as well as useful metrics for monitoring our performance and evaluating it against industry peers. The non-GAAP financial measures presented should be used in addition to, and in conjunction with, results presented in accordance with GAAP, and should not be relied upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures. Management strongly encourages investors to review our consolidated financial statements in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure in evaluating the Company. The non-GAAP measures reflect adjustments based on the following items: EBITDA : We report EBITDA as a non-GAAP metric by excluding the effect of net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization from net income or loss because doing so makes internal comparisons to our historical operating results more consistent. In addition, we believe providing an EBITDA calculation is a more useful comparison of our operating results to the operating results of our peers. Stock-based compensation expense : We have excluded the effect of stock-based compensation expense from the non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA per basic and diluted share calculations. Although stock-based compensation expense is calculated in accordance with current GAAP and constitutes an ongoing and recurring expense, such expense is excluded from non-GAAP results because it is not an expense which generally requires cash settlement by NetSol, and therefore is not used by us to assess the profitability of our operations. We also believe the exclusion of stock-based compensation expense provides a more useful comparison of our operating results to the operating results of our peers. Non-controlling interest : We add back the non-controlling interest in calculating gross adjusted EBITDA and then subtract out the income taxes, depreciation and amortization and net interest expense attributable to the non-controlling interest to arrive at a net adjusted EBITDA. Page 48 Our reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP earnings per basic and diluted share to the most comparable GAAP measures for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows: For the Three Months Ended March 31, For the Nine Months Ended March 31, 2025 2024 2025 2024 Net Income (loss) attributable to NetSol $ 1,423,968 $ 327,549 $ 347,721 $ 766,755 Non-controlling interest 410,462 (11,679 ) 518,212 822,993 Income taxes 151,334 146,569 712,765 418,517 Depreciation and amortization 363,503 391,290 1,102,085 1,351,239 Interest expense 194,742 289,677 689,347 856,016 Interest (income) (294,655 ) (376,466 ) (1,593,594 ) (1,259,464 ) EBITDA $ 2,249,354 $ 766,940 $ 1,776,536 $ 2,956,056 Add back: Non-cash stock-based compensation 39,750 149,088 134,884 260,875 Adjusted EBITDA, gross $ 2,289,104 $ 916,028 $ 1,911,420 $ 3,216,931 Less non-controlling interest (a) (510,908 ) (106,480 ) (718,218 ) (1,216,091 ) Adjusted EBITDA, net $ 1,778,196 $ 809,548 $ 1,193,202 $ 2,000,840 Weighted Average number of shares outstanding Basic 11,683,408 11,390,888 11,531,365 11,369,778 Diluted 11,683,408 11,430,493 11,531,365 11,409,383 Basic adjusted EBITDA $ 0.15 $ 0.07 $ 0.10 $ 0.18 Diluted adjusted EBITDA $ 0.15 $ 0.07 $ 0.10 $ 0.18 (a)The reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA of non-controlling interest to net income attributable to non-controlling interest is as follows Net Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest $ 410,462 $ (11,679 ) $ 518,212 $ 822,993 Income Taxes 41,891 43,852 214,892 155,636 Depreciation and amortization 87,504 97,027 269,185 348,143 Interest expense 54,461 89,738 202,289 266,922 Interest (income) (83,410 ) (115,021 ) (491,422 ) (387,690 ) EBITDA $ 510,908 $ 103,917 $ 713,156 $ 1,206,004 Add back: Non-cash stock-based compensation - 2,563 5,062 10,087 Adjusted EBITDA of non-controlling interest $ 510,908 $ 106,480 $ 718,218 $ 1,216,091 Page 49 LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Our cash position was $18,774,739 at March 31, 2025, compared to $19,127,165 at June 30, 2024. Net cash provided by operating activities was $6,315 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 compared to net cash used in operating activities of $3,602,677 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. At March 31, 2025, we had current assets of $42,411,540 and current liabilities of $18,738,636. We had accounts receivable of $5,443,498 at March 31, 2025 compared to $13,049,614 at June 30, 2024. We had revenues in excess of billings of $15,424,896 at March 31, 2025 compared to $13,638,547 at June 30, 2024 of which $697,486 and $954,029 is shown as long-term as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. The long-term portion was discounted by $97,285 and $152,446 at March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively, using the discounted cash flow method with interest rates ranging from 7.3% to 17.5%. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, our revenues in excess of billings were reclassified to accounts receivable pursuant to billing requirements detailed in each contract. The combined totals for accounts receivable and revenues in excess of billings decreased by $5,819,767 from $26,688,161 at June 30, 2024 to $20,868,394 at March 31, 2025. At March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, accounts payable and accrued expenses were $7,097,343 and $8,232,842, respectively. At March 31 2025 and June 30, 2024 the current portions of loans and lease obligations were $8,459,991 and $6,276,125, respectively. The average days sales outstanding for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were 137 and 147 days, respectively. The days sales outstanding have been calculated by taking into consideration the average combined balances of accounts receivable and revenues in excess of billings. Net cash used in investing activities was $843,044 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $822,451 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. We had purchases of property and equipment of $897,743 compared to $948,337 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. Net cash provided by financing activities was $866,299 for the nine months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $33,612 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, we received bank proceeds of $2,451,256 compared to $340,847 during the nine months ended March 31, 2024. During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, we had net payments for bank loans and finance leases of $247,496 compared to $307,235 for the nine months ended March 31, 2024. Employees of the Company exercised 220,00 options of common stock for $473,000. NetSol PK, a subsidiary of the Company, paid a dividend of $306,799 to the non-controlling shareholders. NetSol PK purchased 2,690,251 shares of its common stock from the open market for $1,503,662. We are operating in various geographical regions of the world through our various subsidiaries. Those subsidiaries have financial arrangements from various financial institutions to meet both their short and long-term funding requirements. These loans will become due at different maturity dates as described in Note 12 of the financial statements. We are in compliance with the covenants of the financial arrangements and there is no default, which may lead to early payment of these obligations. We anticipate paying back all these obligations on their respective due dates from its own sources. We typically fund the cash requirements for our operations in the U.S. through our license, services, and subscription and support agreements, intercompany charges for corporate services, and through the exercise of options and warrants. As of March 31, 2025, we had approximately $18.8 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of which approximately $17.8 million is held by our foreign subsidiaries. As of June 30, 2024, we had approximately $19.1 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of which approximately $18.2 million is held by our foreign subsidiaries. We remain open to strategic relationships that would provide value added benefits. The focus will remain on continuously improving cash reserves internally and reduced reliance on external capital raise. As a growing company, we have on-going capital expenditure needs based on our short term and long-term business plans. Although our requirements for capital expenses vary from time to time, for the next 12 months, we anticipate needing $1.5 million for APAC, the U.S. and Europe’s new business development activities and infrastructure enhancements, which we expect to provide from current operations. Page 50 Financial Covenants Our UK based subsidiary, NTE, has an approved overdraft facility of £300,000 ($389,610) which requires that the aggregate amount of invoiced trade debtors (net of provisions for bad and doubtful debts and excluding intra-group debtors) of NTE, not exceeding 90 days old, will not be less than an amount equal to 200% of the facility. The Pakistani subsidiary, NetSol PK has an approved facility for export refinance from Askari Bank Limited amounting to Rupees 600 million ($2,145,846) and a running finance facility of Rupees 4.1 million ($14,488). NetSol PK has an approved facility for export refinance from another Habib Metro Bank Limited amounting to Rupees 1.3 billion ($4,649,333). These facilities require NetSol PK to maintain a long-term debt equity ratio of 60:40 and the current ratio of 1:1. NetSol PK also has an approved export refinance facility of Rs. 380 million ($1,359,036) from Samba Bank Limited. During the loan tenure, these two facilities require NetSol PK to maintain at a minimum a current ratio of 1:1, an interest coverage ratio of 4 times, a leverage ratio of 2 times, and a debt service coverage ratio of 4 times. As of the date of this report, we are in compliance with the financial covenants associated with our borrowings. The maturity dates of the borrowings of respective subsidiaries may accelerate if they do not comply with these covenants. In case of any change in control in subsidiaries, they may have to repay their respective credit facilities. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared applying certain critical accounting policies. The SEC defines “critical accounting policies” as those that require application of management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments. Critical accounting policies require numerous estimates and strategic or economic assumptions that may prove inaccurate or subject to variations and may significantly affect our reported results and financial position for the period or in future periods. Changes in underlying factors, assumptions, or estimates in any of these areas could have a material impact on our future financial condition and results of operations. Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and they conform to general practices in our industry. We apply critical accounting policies consistently from period to period and intend that any change in methodology occur in an appropriate manner. There have been no significant changes to our accounting policies and estimates as discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS For information with respect to recent accounting pronouncements and the impact of these pronouncements on our consolidated financial statements, see Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks. None. Item 4. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonable likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a – 15(f) and 15d – 15(f)). Page 51 PART II OTHER INFORMATION Item 1. Legal Proceedings NA Item 1A. Risk Factors Other than stated below, as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2024, filed with the SEC on September 30, 2024. Any of such factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our result of operations or financial conditions. Additional risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC. The imposition of tariffs on China and threatened tariffs on other US trading partners may affect the price of consumer goods including vehicles amongst others, negatively affecting the profitability of many of our customers. Unilateral trade actions by the US may also result in companies from affected countries being unwilling to enter into agreements with US based or owned companies resulting in a potential decline in revenue. Recent escalation of hostilities between India and Pakistan may lead to instability in the region impacting our subsidiary in Lahore, Pakistan. While the Company has instituted disaster recovery plans and created redundancies in operations and delivery, hostilities directly affecting Lahore could have a negative impact on the Company. Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds None. Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities None. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. Item 5. Other Information Insider Trading Arrangements and Policies During the three months ended March 31, 2025, none of the Company’s directors or officers have adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company’s insider trading policy is contained in our Code of Ethics, which has been filed as an exhibit to our Form 10K and is available on our website at https://ir.netsoltech.com/governance-docs . Item 6. Exhibits 31.1 Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (CEO) 31.2 Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (CFO) 32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (CEO) 32.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (CFO) 101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document 101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 101.DFE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension definition Linkbase Document 101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) Page 52 SIGNATURES In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. NETSOL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Date: May 14, 2025 /s/ Najeeb U. Ghauri NAJEEB U. GHAURI Chief Executive Officer Date: May 14, 2025 /s/Roger K. Almond ROGER K. ALMOND Chief Financial Officer Principal Accounting Officer Page 53