Krystal Biotech, Inc. 10-Q

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Krystal Biotech, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) (in thousands, except par value) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 427,740 $ 496,304 Short-term investments 417,891 331,487 Accounts receivable, net 138,662 127,425 Inventory 45,556 40,475 Prepaid taxes 15,308 14,006 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 14,491 14,905 Total current assets 1,059,648 1,024,602 Property and equipment, net 153,775 150,776 Long-term investments 257,291 128,066 Right-of-use assets 6,826 7,239 Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance 22,824 22,824 Other non-current assets 284 287 Total assets $ 1,500,648 $ 1,333,794 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities Accounts payable $ 6,544 $ 3,238 Current portion of lease liability 1,808 1,771 Accrued rebates 83,480 58,181 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 35,565 39,752 Total current liabilities 127,397 102,942 Lease liability 7,045 7,568 Other long-term liabilities 7,080 3,724 Total liabilities 141,522 114,234 Commitments and contingencies (see note 7) Stockholders’ equity Common stock; $ 0.00001 par value; 80,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025; 29,596 and 29,192 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. — — Additional paid-in capital 1,228,598 1,194,261 Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) gain ( 4,335 ) 1,136 Retained earnings 134,863 24,163 Total stockholders’ equity 1,359,126 1,219,560 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 1,500,648 $ 1,333,794 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 3 Krystal Biotech, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (unaudited) Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands, except per share data) 2026 2025 2026 2025 Product revenue, net $ 119,222 $ 96,042 $ 235,579 $ 184,225 Operating expenses Cost of goods sold 6,437 7,165 12,760 12,193 Research and development 14,518 14,410 29,849 28,666 Selling, general and administrative 39,850 35,068 80,863 67,714 Total operating expenses 60,805 56,643 123,472 108,573 Income from operations 58,417 39,399 112,107 75,652 Other income Interest and other income, net 7,662 7,376 15,414 14,720 Income before income taxes 66,079 46,775 127,521 90,372 Income tax expense ( 11,311 ) ( 8,442 ) ( 16,821 ) ( 16,305 ) Net income 54,768 38,333 110,700 74,067 Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities ( 1,213 ) ( 158 ) ( 2,790 ) 186 Foreign currency translation ( 1,499 ) 925 ( 2,681 ) 1,161 Comprehensive income $ 52,056 $ 39,100 $ 105,229 $ 75,414 Net income per common share: Basic $ 1.85 $ 1.33 $ 3.76 $ 2.57 Diluted $ 1.79 $ 1.29 $ 3.62 $ 2.48 Weighted-average common shares outstanding: Basic 29,529 28,910 29,409 28,863 Diluted 30,657 29,749 30,584 29,819 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 Krystal Biotech, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Retained Earnings Total Stockholders’ Equity (in thousands) Shares Amount Balances as of January 1, 2026 29,192 $ — $ 1,194,261 $ 1,136 $ 24,163 $ 1,219,560 Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 145 — 6,501 — — 6,501 Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes 100 — ( 16,960 ) — — ( 16,960 ) Stock-based compensation — — 14,455 — — 14,455 Unrealized loss on investments — — — ( 1,577 ) — ( 1,577 ) Foreign currency translation — — — ( 1,182 ) — ( 1,182 ) Net income — — — — 55,932 55,932 Balances as of March 31, 2026 29,437 — $ 1,198,257 $ ( 1,623 ) $ 80,095 $ 1,276,729 Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 158 — 15,161 — — 15,161 Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes 1 — ( 108 ) — — ( 108 ) Stock-based compensation — — 15,288 — — 15,288 Unrealized loss on investments — — — ( 1,213 ) — ( 1,213 ) Foreign currency translation — — — ( 1,499 ) — ( 1,499 ) Net income — — — — 54,768 54,768 Balances as of June 30, 2026 29,596 — $ 1,228,598 $ ( 4,335 ) $ 134,863 $ 1,359,126 Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income Accumulated Deficit Total Stockholders’ Equity (in thousands) Shares Amount Balances as of January 1, 2025 28,794 — $ 1,127,238 $ ( 190 ) $ ( 180,668 ) $ 946,380 Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 17 — 1,462 — — 1,462 Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes 98 — ( 12,116 ) — — ( 12,116 ) Shares of restricted stock awards surrendered for taxes ( 10 ) — ( 1,812 ) — — ( 1,812 ) Stock-based compensation — — 14,447 — 14,447 Unrealized gain on investments — — — 344 — 344 Foreign currency translation — — — 236 236 Net income — — — — — — — 35,733 35,733 Balances as of March 31, 2025 28,899 — $ 1,129,219 $ 390 $ ( 144,935 ) $ 984,674 Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options 28 — 1,796 — — 1,796 Stock-based compensation — — 15,077 — — 15,077 Unrealized loss on investments — — — ( 158 ) — ( 158 ) Foreign currency translation — — — 925 — 925 Net income — — — — 38,333 38,333 Balances as of June 30, 2025 28,927 — $ 1,146,092 $ 1,157 $ ( 106,602 ) $ 1,040,647 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 5 Krystal Biotech, Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2026 2025 Operating Activities Net income $ 110,700 $ 74,067 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities Depreciation 2,878 2,759 (Accretion) amortization on marketable securities ( 1,324 ) 464 Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets 414 418 Stock-based compensation expense, net 27,765 27,597 Realized gain on investments ( 1,277 ) ( 4,256 ) Other, net 310 690 Changes in operating assets and liabilities Accounts receivable, net ( 11,915 ) ( 6,693 ) Inventory ( 1,201 ) ( 515 ) Prepaid taxes ( 1,302 ) ( 948 ) Prepaid expenses and other current assets ( 1,892 ) ( 2,009 ) Lease liability ( 486 ) ( 258 ) Other long-term liabilities 3,462 1,368 Accounts payable 4,079 5,029 Accrued rebates 25,834 14,834 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities ( 874 ) 2,401 Accrued legal settlement — ( 31,250 ) Net cash provided by operating activities 155,171 83,698 Investing Activities Proceeds from disposal of assets — 435 Purchases of property and equipment ( 10,713 ) ( 8,108 ) Purchases of investments ( 418,056 ) ( 251,705 ) Maturities of investments 203,602 194,084 Net cash (used in) investing activities ( 225,167 ) ( 65,294 ) Financing Activities Proceeds from exercise of stock options 21,662 3,258 Taxes paid for employee tax withholding related to restricted stock units ( 17,068 ) ( 12,116 ) Taxes paid related to settlement of restricted stock awards — ( 1,812 ) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 4,594 ( 10,670 ) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents ( 3,162 ) 1,230 Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents ( 68,564 ) 8,964 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 496,304 344,865 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 427,740 $ 353,829 Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Activities Unpaid purchases of property and equipment $ 443 $ 1,329 Initial recognition of right-of-use assets $ — $ 1,794 Supplemental Cash Flow Information Income taxes paid $ 13,823 $ 13,858 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 6 Krystal Biotech, Inc. Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) 1. Organization Krystal Biotech, Inc. (together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the “Company,” or “we” or other similar pronouns), a Delaware C-corporation, is a fully integrated, global, commercial-stage biotechnology company. We are focused on the discovery, development, manufacturing, and commercialization of genetic medicines to treat diseases with high unmet medical needs. Using our patented gene therapy technology platform that is based on engineered herpes simplex virus-1 (“HSV-1”), we create vectors that efficiently deliver therapeutic transgenes to cells of interest in multiple organ systems. The cell’s own machinery then transcribes and translates the transgene to treat the disease. Our vectors are amenable to formulation for non-invasive or minimally invasive routes of administration at a healthcare professional’s office or in the patient’s home. Our innovative technology platform is supported by two in-house, commercial scale Current Good Manufacturing Practice (“CGMP”) manufacturing facilities. Liquidity As of June 30, 2026, the Company had a retained earnings balance of $ 134.9 million. Our operating profitability is dependent upon the continued successful commercialization of VYJUVEK ® , our redosable gene therapy approved in the United States, European Union (“EU”), United Kingdom (“UK”), and Japan, as well as successful development, approval and commercialization of our product candidates. Management intends to fund future operations through its on hand cash and cash equivalents and revenue generated from the sale of VYJUVEK, and may also seek additional capital through arrangements with strategic partners, the sale of equity, debt financings or other sources. The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biotechnology industry, including, but not limited to, the failure of product candidates in clinical and preclinical studies, the development of competing product candidates or other technological innovations by competitors, dependence on key personnel, protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government regulations and the ability to commercialize product candidates. The Company expects to incur significant costs in connection with, among other things, advancing its product pipeline, expanding its commercialization capabilities, and complying with EU post-authorization regulatory requirements and EU member state-specific pricing, reimbursement, and market access activities. The Company believes that its cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of approximately $ 845.6 million as of June 30, 2026 will be sufficient to allow the Company to fund its planned operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which consist of all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented, are reflected in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassified amounts have no impact on the Company’s previously reported financial position or results of operations. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full year. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 10-K”), as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 17, 2026. Use of Estimates The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. Management considers many factors and applies significant judgment in developing the estimates and assumptions that are used in the preparation of these financial statements. If actual results in the future vary from the Company’s estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates in the period these variances become known. Estimates are used in the following areas, among others: variable consideration associated with revenue recognition, stock-based compensation expense, accrued expenses, and income taxes. 7 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in the 2025 10-K. There were no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2026. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements, Not Yet Adopted There were no accounting pronouncements issued or adopted during the six months ended June 30, 2026 that had or are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This standard calls for enhanced disclosures about components of expense captions on the face of the income statement. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, with the option to apply it retrospectively. Early adoption is allowed. Currently, the Company is assessing the potential impact of this guidance on its financial statement disclosures. In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11 Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. This standard clarifies current interim reporting requirements on Topic 270 and introduces a disclosure principle requiring entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with the option to apply it retrospectively. Early adoption is allowed. Currently, the Company is assessing the potential impact of this guidance on its financial statement disclosures. 3. Product Revenue, Accounts Receivable and Reserves for Product Sales The Company’s product revenue, net of sales discounts and allowances totaled $ 119.2 million and $ 96.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively and $ 235.6 million and $ 184.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively. Product revenue by significant geographic region is as follows: (in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 United States $ 91,633 $ 96,042 $ 179,122 $ 184,225 Europe 19,283 — 39,960 — Japan 8,306 — 16,497 — Total product revenue, net $ 119,222 $ 96,042 $ 235,579 $ 184,225 The Company’s accounts receivable, net balance relating to VYJUVEK sales was $ 138.7 million as of June 30, 2026 and $ 127.4 million as of December 31, 2025. Accounts receivable, net from the Company’s customers who individually accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable, net consisted of the following: Percent of Accounts Receivable, Net June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Customer A 54 % 66 % Customer B 18 % 14 % All other single customers represent less than 10% of outstanding accounts receivable, net as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The following table summarizes changes in allowances and discounts for the six months ended June 30, 2026: (in thousands) Rebates Prompt Pay Other Accruals Total Balance as of December 31, 2025 $ 61,905 $ 5,834 $ 378 $ 68,117 Provisions 48,869 6,138 201 55,208 Payments/Credits ( 21,390 ) ( 7,322 ) ( 456 ) ( 29,168 ) Balance as of June 30, 2026 $ 89,384 $ 4,650 $ 123 $ 94,157 8 Rebates are included in accrued rebates and other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Other long-term liabilities are comprised of $ 5.9 million and $ 3.7 million of long-term accrued rebates as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Prompt pay discount is recorded as an allowance against accounts receivable, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Other accruals are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Provisions for rebates, prompt pay discounts and other accruals are recorded as reductions to product revenue, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. 4. Net Income Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Common stock equivalents consist of common stock issuable upon (1) exercise of stock options and (2) vesting of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units (collectively, “restricted stock”). For the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, there were 305 thousand and 604 thousand common stock equivalents outstanding in the form of stock options and zero and 275 thousand in unvested restricted stock, that have each been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share as their effect would be anti-dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, there were 234 thousand and 520 thousand common stock equivalents outstanding in the form of stock options and zero and 89 thousand in unvested restricted stock, that have each been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share as their effect would be anti-dilutive. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands, except per share data) 2026 2025 2026 2025 Numerator: Net income $ 54,768 $ 38,333 $ 110,700 $ 74,067 Denominator: Weighted-average basic common shares 29,529 28,910 29,409 28,863 Dilutive effect of stock options and unvested restricted stock 1,128 839 1,175 956 Weighted-average diluted common shares 30,657 29,749 30,584 29,819 Net income per common share—basic $ 1.85 $ 1.33 $ 3.76 $ 2.57 Net income per common share—diluted $ 1.79 $ 1.29 $ 3.62 $ 2.48 9 5. Fair Value Instruments The following tables show the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities by significant investment category as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025: June 30, 2026 (in thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized (Losses) Aggregate Fair Value Cash and Cash Equivalents Short-term Marketable Securities (1) Long-term Marketable Securities (2) Level 1: Cash and cash equivalents $ 427,740 $ — $ — $ 427,740 $ 427,740 $ — $ — Subtotal 427,740 — — 427,740 427,740 — — Level 2: Corporate bonds 351,823 45 ( 729 ) 351,139 — 233,219 117,920 U.S. government agency securities 324,968 45 ( 970 ) 324,043 — 184,672 139,371 Subtotal 676,791 90 ( 1,699 ) 675,182 — 417,891 257,291 Total $ 1,104,531 $ 90 $ ( 1,699 ) $ 1,102,922 $ 427,740 $ 417,891 $ 257,291 December 31, 2025 (in thousands) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized (Losses) Aggregate Fair Value Cash and Cash Equivalents Short-term Marketable Securities (1) Long-term Marketable Securities (2) Level 1: Cash and cash equivalents $ 496,304 $ — $ — $ 496,304 $ 496,304 $ — $ — Subtotal 496,304 — — 496,304 496,304 — — Level 2: Commercial paper 12,887 2 ( 1 ) 12,888 — 12,888 — Corporate bonds 211,268 535 ( 6 ) 211,797 — 142,801 68,996 U.S. government agency securities 234,216 653 ( 1 ) 234,868 — 175,798 59,070 Subtotal 458,371 1,190 ( 8 ) 459,553 — 331,487 128,066 Total $ 954,675 $ 1,190 $ ( 8 ) $ 955,857 $ 496,304 $ 331,487 $ 128,066 (1) The Company’s short-term marketable securities mature in one year or less. (2) The Company’s long-term marketable securities mature between one and two years . 6. Balance Sheet Components Inventory Inventory consisted of the following: (in thousands) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Raw materials $ 15,259 $ 15,938 Work-in-process 20,937 15,224 Finished goods 9,360 9,313 Inventory $ 45,556 $ 40,475 10 Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, net consisted of the following: (in thousands) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Building and building improvements $ 109,405 $ 109,242 Manufacturing equipment 30,864 29,279 Leasehold improvements 31,661 27,227 Construction in progress 9,531 8,108 Laboratory equipment 3,879 3,490 Computer equipment and software 2,616 2,559 Furniture and fixtures 2,191 2,152 Total property and equipment 190,147 182,057 Accumulated depreciation ( 36,372 ) ( 31,281 ) Property and equipment, net $ 153,775 $ 150,776 Depreciation expense was $ 1.4 million and $ 1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $ 2.9 million and $ 2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Depreciation expense capitalized into inventory was $ 1.2 million and $ 1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $ 2.2 million and $ 2.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025: (in thousands) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Accrued taxes 14,810 10,919 Accrued payroll and benefits 6,925 11,457 Accrued professional fees 4,842 5,936 Accrued preclinical and clinical expenses 4,780 4,667 Other current liabilities 3,428 3,579 Accrued inventory 640 1,005 Accrued construction in progress 140 2,189 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 35,565 $ 39,752 7. Commitments and Contingencies Agreements with Contract Manufacturing Organizations and Contract Research Organizations The Company enters into various agreements in the normal course of business with Contract Manufacturing Organizations (“CMOs”), Contract Research Organizations (“CROs”) and other third parties for preclinical research studies, clinical trials and testing and manufacturing services. The agreements with CMOs primarily relate to the manufacturing of our sterile gel that is mixed with in-house produced vectors as part of the final drug product for VYJUVEK. Agreements with third parties may also include research and development consulting activities, clinical-trial agreements, testing of our clinical-stage, pre-commercial and commercial stage products and/or storage, packaging and labeling. The Company is obligated to make milestone payments under certain of these contracts. The Company incurred research and development expenses related to commitments under these agreements of $ 2.4 million and $ 2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively, and $ 4.9 million and $ 4.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively. Legal Proceedings In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject from time to time to various proceedings, lawsuits, disputes, or claims. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 450, Contingencie s (“ASC 450”), the Company accrues a liability for legal contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred, and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred, ASC 450 requires disclosure of a loss contingency. 11 In the first quarter of 2025, the Company and certain of its employees received subpoenas from the U.S. Department of Justice requesting that the Company produce certain documents regarding its sponsored genetic testing program relating to VYJUVEK and commercial practices relating thereto. The Company is cooperating and providing information in response to the subpoenas. It is not possible to estimate the amount of any loss or range of possible loss that might result from this inquiry, and because the final outcome cannot be predicted with certainty, unfavorable or unexpected developments or outcomes could result in a material impact to the Company’s results of operations. On September 18, 2025, a stockholder filed a derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, naming the Company’s directors as defendants and the Company as a nominal defendant. The complaint alleged claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and waste of corporate assets based on allegedly excessive non-employee director compensation in each of 2021 through 2024. The parties have entered into a settlement agreement, which was filed with the Court and is subject to Court approval following a fairness hearing scheduled for September 14, 2026. If the Court approves the settlement, the Company will adopt, implement, and maintain certain corporate governance reforms for a period of five (5) years. The Company has recorded a liability for the plaintiff’s attorneys fees and expenses (i.e., the settlement amount), which is not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements. On May 29, 2026, Jonathan Forman filed a lawsuit against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (Docket No. 1:26-cv-00628) asserting claims for correction of inventorship, under 35 U.S.C. § 256, of U.S. Patent No. 10,829,529 and U.S. Patent No. 12,522,636 (together, the “Patents”), which relate to compositions and methods for delivering CFTR polypeptides and which the plaintiff alleges are embodied in the Company’s KB407 product candidate for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. The plaintiff alleges that he conceived of, and contributed to, the inventions claimed in the Patents and that he was erroneously omitted as a named inventor on the Patents. In addition to the correction of inventorship, the plaintiff is seeking his attorneys’ fees and his cost and expenses. The Company believes the plaintiff’s claims are without merit and intends to defend the matter vigorously. The Company is unable to estimate the possible loss or range of losses, if any, that may result from the matter. 8. Leases As of June 30, 2026, future minimum commitments under the Company’s operating leases with lease terms in excess of 12 months were as follows: (in thousands) Operating Leases 2026 (remaining six months) $ 945 2027 1,919 2028 1,954 2029 1,990 2030 2,016 Thereafter 7,279 Future minimum operating lease payments 16,103 Less: Interest ( 7,250 ) Present value of lease liability $ 8,853 As of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases was 9.8 years and 10.1 years, respectively, and the Company’s weighted-average discount rate for operating leases was 9.7 % as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025. The components of the Company’s lease expense are as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2026 2025 2026 2025 Operating lease expense $ 366 $ 388 $ 777 $ 814 Variable lease expense 55 56 118 119 Total lease expense $ 421 $ 444 $ 895 $ 933 12 9. Stock-Based Compensation In 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 IPO Stock Incentive Plan (“Plan”), which governs the issuance of equity awards to employees, certain non-employee consultants, and directors. Initially, the Company reserved 900 thousand shares for issuance under the Plan with an initial sublimit for incentive stock options of 900 thousand shares. On an annual basis, the amount of shares available for issuance under the Plan increases by an amount equal to four percent of the total outstanding shares as of the last day of the preceding calendar year. The sublimit of incentive stock options is not subject to the increase. The Company has historically granted stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) to certain employees. Shares of common stock remaining available for grant under the Plan were approximately 1.6 million as of June 30, 2026. Stock Options The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2026: Stock Options Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (1) (in thousands) Outstanding as of December 31, 2025 2,030,417 $ 99.45 6.8 $ 298,662 Granted 323,080 $ 280.66 Exercised ( 302,747 ) $ 71.55 Cancelled or forfeited ( 75,646 ) $ 162.08 Outstanding as of June 30, 2026 1,975,104 $ 130.97 7.0 $ 475,417 Exercisable as of June 30, 2026 1,193,485 $ 82.51 5.8 $ 345,113 (1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the closing stock price of our common stock on December 31, 2025 and June 30, 2026 and the exercise price of outstanding in-the-money options on the respective date. The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2025: Stock Options Outstanding Weighted-Average Exercise Price Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (1) (in thousands) Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 2,049,063 $ 82.69 7.3 $ 156,404 Granted 335,743 $ 166.90 Exercised ( 45,533 ) $ 71.56 Cancelled or forfeited ( 63,985 ) $ 105.98 Outstanding as of June 30, 2025 2,275,288 $ 94.68 7.1 $ 117,142 Exercisable as of June 30, 2025 1,255,141 $ 70.95 6.2 $ 85,882 (1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the closing stock price of our Common Stock on December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2025 and the exercise price of outstanding in-the-money options on the respective date. The total intrinsic value (the amount by which the fair market value exceeds the exercise price) of stock options exercised was $ 30.4 million and $ 2.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $ 62.5 million and $ 3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value per share of options granted to employees and directors was $ 196.07 and $ 87.69 during the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $ 178.27 and $ 109.93 for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. There was $ 90.6 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to employees’ and directors’ options that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.1 years as of June 30, 2026. 13 Restricted Stock Units The following table summarizes the Company’s RSU activity: Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 2025 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested RSUs, beginning of period 331,574 $ 152.97 308,096 $ 135.22 Granted 96,522 $ 275.69 133,756 $ 178.66 Vested ( 106,567 ) $ 143.58 ( 84,124 ) $ 129.58 Forfeited ( 17,038 ) $ 167.39 ( 18,850 ) $ 148.92 Non-vested RSUs, end of period 304,491 $ 194.35 338,878 $ 153.01 There was $ 51.9 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to employees’ RSU awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years as of June 30, 2026. Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units The following table summarizes the Company’s PSU activity: Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 2025 Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Number of Shares Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Non-vested PSUs, beginning of period 56,250 $ 159.47 137,500 $ 145.37 Granted 43,536 $ 275.64 — $ — Vested ( 56,250 ) $ 159.47 ( 81,250 ) $ 135.61 Forfeited — $ — — $ — Non-vested PSUs, end of period 43,536 $ 275.64 56,250 $ 159.47 PSUs granted during the period are subject to regulatory performance-based vesting conditions, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, and vest on a three year cliff basis upon satisfaction of such conditions. There was $ 10.7 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to employees’ PSU awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years as of June 30, 2026. Stock-Based Compensation Expense, Net The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense, net related to its stock options, RSUs and PSUs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 as follows: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2026 2025 2026 2025 Research and development 2,463 2,627 4,640 5,096 Selling, general and administrative 11,693 11,492 23,125 22,501 Total stock-based compensation $ 14,156 $ 14,119 $ 27,765 $ 27,597 The Company capitalized into inventory stock-based compensation associated with the allocation of labor costs related to work performed to manufacture VYJUVEK of $ 1.1 million and $ 1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $ 2.0 million and $ 1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. 14 10. Income Taxes The Company recorded an income tax expense of $ 11.3 million and $ 16.8 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively. The tax expense for interim periods is calculated using an estimate of the annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. If there are any changes to the estimated annual effective tax rate, the Company will make a cumulative adjustment to the income tax provision in the period the change becomes known. The Company recorded an income tax expense of $ 8.4 million and $ 16.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively. We monitor the realizability of our deferred tax assets taking into consideration all relevant factors at each reporting period. As of June 30, 2026, except for certain state net operating loss carryforward and tax credit carryforward, we do not have valuation allowance against deferred tax assets. We continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against certain state attributes as of June 30, 2026, because we concluded they are not more likely than not to be realized as we expect certain state attribute generation in future years to exceed our ability to use these deferred tax assets. We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in many foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets that are not more likely than not to be realized. The determination of the realizability of deferred tax assets requires significant judgment in assessing the likelihood of future tax consequences. The Company previously maintained a full valuation allowance against its U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets due to historical cumulative losses and uncertainty regarding the realization of such assets. The Company will continue to evaluate all available evidence each reporting period and may adjust the valuation allowance in future periods if estimates of future taxable income or other relevant factors change. 15 11. Segment Information The Company operates as one operating segment, which is focused on the discovery, development, manufacturing and commercialization of genetic medicines to treat diseases with high unmet medical needs. The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), our chief executive officer, utilizes financial information presented on a consolidated basis to manage and allocate resources. The CODM uses consolidated gross margin, operating margin, net income and total research and development expenses by product candidate or program to assess performance, forecast future financial results and to allocate resources. The following table presents selected financial information with respect to the Company’s single operating segment for the three months ended June 30, 2026, and 2025: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in thousands) 2026 2025 2026 2025 Product revenue, net $ 119,222 $ 96,042 $ 235,579 $ 184,225 Cost of goods sold 6,437 7,165 12,760 12,193 Gross margin 95 % 93 % 95 % 93 % B-VEC 1,539 2,378 2,100 4,353 KB111 357 704 1,339 735 KB304 26 424 29 667 KB407 520 307 1,278 655 KB408 152 219 295 516 KB707 2,998 2,413 5,435 5,147 KB801 1,214 426 2,006 879 KB803 487 408 1,618 894 Other product candidates 745 626 1,481 1,317 Other research and development costs (1) 6,480 6,505 14,268 13,503 Total research and development 14,518 14,410 29,849 28,666 Selling, general and administrative 39,850 35,068 80,863 67,714 Income from operations $ 58,417 $ 39,399 $ 112,107 $ 75,652 Other income Interest and other income, net 7,662 7,376 15,414 14,720 Income before income taxes $ 66,079 $ 46,775 $ 127,521 $ 90,372 Income tax expense ( 11,311 ) ( 8,442 ) ( 16,821 ) ( 16,305 ) Net income $ 54,768 $ 38,333 $ 110,700 $ 74,067 (1) Includes stock-based compensation and other unallocated expenses which consist of shared pre-commercial manufacturing costs, primarily relating to certain raw materials, process development, quality control and quality assurance activities, as well as other manufacturing and facility related costs including rent, storage and depreciation which support the development of multiple product candidates. 12. Subsequent Events The Company evaluates events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date, but prior to the issuance of the financial statements, to identify matters that require recognition or disclosure. The Company concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition or disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements . 16