Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and
with the participation of our management, including our Co-Chief Executive Officers, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness,
of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2025, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the
Exchange Act. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officers and principal financial and accounting officer have concluded
that due to inadequate segregation of duties within account processes and insufficient written policies and procedures for accounting,
IT and financial reporting and record keeping, during the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not
effective at a reasonable assurance level and, accordingly, provided reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed
by us in reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the
SEC’s rules and forms.
Disclosure controls and procedures
are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized,
and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated
to our management, including our Co-Chief Executive Officers or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal
Controls over Financial Reporting
This Report does not include
a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our registered
public accounting firm due to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC for newly public companies.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial
Reporting
There was no change in our
internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2025 covered by this Annual Report
on Form 10-K that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None .
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT
INSPECTIONS
Not applicable.
17
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
As of the date of this Form 10-K, our directors
and executive officers are as follows:
Gus Garcia
45
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Lewis Silberman
46
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Anantha Ramamurti
50
President and Chief Financial Officer
Yuya Orime
37
Chief Business Development Officer
Jonathan Cole
41
Director Nominee
Susie Kuan
39
Director Nominee
Jody Sitkoski
66
Director Nominee
Gus Garcia serves
as our Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director. Since May 2023, Mr. Garcia has served as Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director of GSR
III Acquisition Corp., a blank check company in the process of completing its initial business combination with Terra Innovatum Global
S.R.L. From January 2022 to June 2023, Mr. Garcia served as Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director of GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp,
a blank check company that completed its initial business combination with Bitcoin Depot Inc.. From March 2021 to May 2022, Mr. Garcia
served as Co-President and Director of Graf Acquisition Corp. IV, a blank check company that completed its initial business combination
with NKGen Biotech, Inc. Mr. Garcia is the former Head of SPAC M&A for Bank of America Merrill Lynch, where he spent the 14 years
preceding his departure in March 2021, and was responsible for advising private companies and SPACs on all aspects of mergers involving
SPACs. In his last 12 months at Bank of America, Mr. Garcia advised on 13 SPAC transactions with approximately ~$20 billion in negotiated
equity value in the aggregate. In addition, Mr. Garcia has worked on and overseen transactions with an excess of $150 billion in value
across PIPEs, corporate separations and other mergers & acquisitions. Prior to being the Head of SPAC M&A, Mr. Garcia led the
separations practice for Bank of America Merrill Lynch where he focused on complex corporate transactions such as spin-offs (including
one of the top 5 largest spin-offs in corporate history), splitoffs, reverse Morris trusts, carve-out IPOs and structured private capital
raises. Prior to the merger with Bank of America, Mr. Garcia worked at Merrill Lynch in the Corporate Finance group where he also focused
on complex corporate transactions, as well as structured investments held on the bank’s balance sheet in partnership with Merrill
Lynch’s Global Principal Investment group. Prior to Merrill Lynch, Mr. Garcia worked in HSBC’s Healthcare Investment Banking
Group, and prior to HSBC, he worked in Wells Fargo Securities’ M&A group. Additionally, since July 2022, Mr. Garcia is a co-founder
and partner of Polaris Advisory Partners, LLC, a boutique investment bank. Polaris Advisory Partners LLC is one of our underwriters in
this offering. Mr. Garcia is a registered representative of Kingswood Capital Partners LLC. Since May 2020, Mr. Garcia has sat on the
Board of Directors for New York Cares, the largest volunteer network in New York City, serving nonprofit organizations and schools. Mr.
Garcia graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration and a Master of Science in International Commerce
& Finance from Georgetown University in 2003.
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Lewis Silberman
serves as our Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director. Since May 2023, Mr. Silberman has served as Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director
of GSR III Acquisition Corp., a blank check company in the process of completing its initial business combination with Terra Innovatum
Global S.R.L. From January 2022 to June 2023, Mr. Silberman served as Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director of GSR II Meteora Acquisition
Corp, a blank check company that completed its initial business combination with Bitcoin Depot Inc.. From March 2021 to May 2022, Mr.
Silberman served as Co-President and Director of Graf Acquisition Corp. IV, a blank check company that completed its initial business
combination with NKGen Biotech, Inc. From early 2020 to March 2021, Mr. Silberman was a Managing Director in the Equity Capital Markets
group of Oppenheimer & Co. Inc, where he led financings for the firm’s SPAC IPOs and business combination clients. In his last
12 months at Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., Mr. Silberman managed several SPAC IPOs, including Gig4 Acquisition Corp. (GIGG), Noble Rock
Acquisition Corp. (NRAC), MDH Acquisition Corp. (MDH), Class Acceleration Corp. (CLAS), and Rodgers Silicon Valley Acquisition Corp. (RSVA).
Additionally, over the past several years, Mr. Silberman has acted in an advisory or placement agent role on transactions including Kingswood
Acquisition Corp.’s combination with financial services company Binah Capital Group, CIIG Capital Partners II’s combination
with electric mobility firm Zapp, Ascendent Acquisition Corp.’s combination with financial media and content company Beacon Street
Group Holdings, Rodgers Silicon Valley Acquisition Corp.’s combination with next-generation battery manufacturer Enovix, Alpha Healthcare
Acquisition Corp.’s combination with bioengineering firm Humacyte, Acies Acquisition Corp.’s combination with mobile gaming
and loyalty rewards program company PlayStudios, and Roth CH Acquisition I Co.’s combination with PureCycle Technologies. Prior
to his role in Oppenheimer’s Equity Capital Markets group, Mr. Silberman was the Head of Equity Sales for Oppenheimer for five years.
Before joining Oppenheimer, Mr. Silberman spent three years at CIBC World Markets Corp., where he worked in a special situations
client-coverage group focused on strategies including merger-arbitrage, ADR-arbitrage, and closed-end fund arbitrage. Prior to CIBC World
Markets, Mr. Silberman worked at PaineWebber, Inc. Additionally, Mr. Silberman is a co-founder and partner of SPAC Advisory
Partners, LLC, a boutique financial advisory firm focused on the special purpose acquisition company market. SPAC Advisory Partners is
an affiliate of our underwriters. Mr. Silberman is also a Director at Chain Bridge I, a Nasdaq-listed special purpose acquisition
company. Mr. Silberman holds a Bachelor of Science degree from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University,
with a dual major in finance and marketing (2000), as well as a Master of Business Administration from the Stern School at New York
University, with a dual concentration in Financial Markets and Management (2010). Mr. Silberman has completed three New York
City Marathons (2017, 2018 and 2019) as a member of Fred’s Team to raise money for Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
Anantha Ramamurti
serves as our President, Chief Financial Officer and Director. Mr. Ramamurti has over 27 years of experience in the Technology
sector across engineering, corporate finance and investment banking roles. Since May 2023, Mr. Ramamurti has served as President,
Chief Financial Officer and Director of GSR III Acquisition Corp., a blank check company in the process of completing its initial business
combination with Terra Innovatum Global S.R.L. From January 2022 to June 2023, Mr. Ramamurti served as President and Director of
GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp, a blank check company that completed its initial business combination with Bitcoin Depot Inc.. From
March 2021 to May 2022, Mr. Ramamurti served as Chief Financial Officer of Graf Acquisition Corp. IV, a blank check company
that completed its initial business combination with NKGen Biotech, Inc.. From August 2017 to March 2021, Mr. Ramamurti was a Managing
Director and most recently the Head of Global Mobility Group at Bank of America Securities where he was responsible for the coverage of
the AutoTech sector and other emerging technologies. During his career at Bank of America, Mr. Ramamurti advised on several SPAC
merger transactions, including the acquisition of Lucid Motors by Churchill Capital Corp. IV, the sale of Xos Trucks to NextGen Acquisition
Corp., the acquisition of EVgo by Climate Change Crisis Real Impact I Acquisition Corporation, the sale of Proterra to ArcLight Clean
Transition Corp., the sale of Lightning eMotors to GigCapital3, the sale of ChargePoint to Switchback Energy Acquisition Corporation,
the sale of Canoo to Hennessy Capital Acquisition Corp. IV, and the sale of Velodyne Lidar to Graf Industrial Corp., among others.
Prior to Bank of America, Mr. Ramamurti worked at Deutsche Bank from May 2010 to August 2017 where he was most recently a Director
in the Technology Investment Banking group and covered clients across semiconductor, communications, networking and cleantech sectors.
Mr. Ramamurti started his investment banking career in November 2009 at Guggenheim Securities in its Consumer & Retail investment
banking group, where he was employed until April 2010. During his banking career, Mr. Ramamurti had led execution on over 65 transactions
totaling over $80 billion in transaction value across all product areas, including equity offerings, debt issuances, SPAC mergers
and other M&A advisory. Prior to banking, from January 2009 to November 2009, Mr. Ramamurti served as a Senior Financial Analyst
at Taco Bell, a division of Yum! Brands, where he oversaw the operations of company-owned stores in several states in the Midwest.
Prior to finance, Mr. Ramamurti spent almost 12 years in various engineering roles at Rockwell Semiconductor Systems, Texas
Instruments and several other firms, where he was responsible for the design and development of semiconductor processor chips. Mr. Ramamurti
holds four patents in the areas of design and development. Additionally, since July 2022, Mr. Ramamurti is a co-founder and
partner of Polaris Advisory Partners LLC, a boutique investment bank. Polaris Advisory Partners LLC is one of our underwriters in this
offering. Mr. Ramamurti is a registered representative of Kingswood Capital Partners LLC. Mr. Ramamurti has an MBA with Honors
in Finance from the UCLA Anderson School of Management, a Master’s with Honors in Electrical Engineering from the University of
Pittsburgh, and a Bachelor’s with Honors in Instrumentation Engineering from the Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS),
Pilani, India.
19
Yuya Orime serves
as our Chief Business Development Officer. Since May 2023, Mr. Orime has served as Chief Business Development Officer of GSR III Acquisition
Corp., a blank check company in the process of completing its initial business combination with Terra Innovatum Global S.R.L. Since July
2022, Mr. Orime has served as Senior Vice President of Polaris Advisory Partners LLC, a boutique investment bank. Polaris Advisory Partners
LLC is one of our underwriters in this offering. Mr. Orime is a registered representative of Kingswood Capital Partners LLC. Most recently,
from July 2022 to June 2023, Mr. Orime was Senior Vice President at GSR II Meteora Acquisition Corp. (GSRM), which successfully closed
a SPAC transaction with Bitcoin Depot (NASDAQ: BTM) in June 2023. Prior to GSRM, Mr. Orime worked at Bank of America Securities from 2012
to 2022 where he was most recently a Director in the Technology Investment Banking group and covered clients across AutoTech and Enterprise
Software sectors. During his career, Mr. Orime has advised on several SPAC mergers, including the sale of Zapp Electric Vehicles to CIIG
II, sale of Spire Global to NavSight, acquisition of Lucid by Churchill IV, sale of Xos to NextGen, acquisition of EVgo by Climate Change
Crisis I, sale of Proterra to ArcLight, sale of Lightning eMotors to GigCapital3, sale of ChargePoint to Switchback, sale of Canoo to
Hennessy IV, and sale of Velodyne Lidar to Graf Industrial. Mr. Orime received his B.S. in Business Administration from University of
Southern California in 2011.
Jonathan Cole
serves as one of our independent directors. Mr. Cole is the founder and currently the Chief Executive Officer of Movida Hotel Group and
Onera Escapes (“Movida”), an experiential hospitality platform specializing in operations, investment, and construction. Since
its founding in 2015, the company operated hundreds of landscape hotels, boutique hotels, and hospitality properties throughout the United
States and Mexico. Mr. Cole has served as CEO since 2021 and Co-CEO since 2018. He is a Partner at Onera Opportunity Fund I (“Onera”),
a real estate fund focusing on alternative hospitality assets. Onera completed the first sale of a landscape glamping property to a public
REIT in 2022. From 2016 to 2018, Mr. Cole was the Chief Executive Officer of Cowboy Analytics LLC (“Cowboy Analytics”), a
payments and data company. Prior to this, from 2015 until its sale in 2016, he served as the CEO of Rally.org/Piryx (“Priyx”),
a payment technology company specializing in cause-based funding and backed by Greylock Partners, Google Ventures, and FLOODGATE. Under
his leadership, Piryx was the largest political fundraising platform in the United States, and Rally.org was recognized as a pioneer in
crowdfunding and underwriting. Piryx achieved a sale in 2016. From 2014 to 2015, Mr. Cole was the Chief Financial Officer of Rally.org/Piryx.
Before 2014, he was an attorney and advisor to Almavi Empreendimentos LTDA, a private investment office based in Goiania, Brazil. Mr.
Cole is currently a board member of Cowboy Analytics and previously served on the board of Semiconductor Resources International, a transnational
semiconductor equipment broker. He holds a B.A. in History and Government from the University of Texas at Austin, a J.D. from the University
of Texas School of Law, and attended the McCombs Graduate School of Business at the University of Texas. He is a member of the New York
and Texas bar associations.
Susie Kuan serves
as one of our independent directors. Mrs. Kuan has over 17 years’ of experience in finance and accounting, including 10 years as
a capital market expert where she guided companies with IPO, acquisition, divestiture and other capital market transactions in technology,
fintech, biotech, and consumer industries amongst others. Since November 2023, Mrs. Kuan has been the Managing Principal, and Co-founder
of Captiva Advisory, Inc. an IPO and technical accounting consulting firm based in San Francisco, CA. Prior to that, she was a Managing
Director with Deloitte & Touche LLP, a global professional services firm, where she helped build the firm’s IPO practice and
led several dozen IPO transactions. Mrs. Kuan is a Certified Public Accountant in California and holds a Master of Science in Taxation
from Golden Gate University and a BA in Accounting, Finance and International Finance from California State University- East Bay. She
also obtained certifications in the Emerging CFO from Stanford Graduate School of Business and in Executive Leadership from Columbia Business
School.
20
Jody Sitkoski
serves as one of our independent directors. Mr. Sitkoski has over 30 years of experience in building and managing technology companies.
Since 2019, Mr. Sitkoski has served as the Chief Executive Officer & President of GIS Renewable Energy Colombia SAS, where he is developing
renewable energy & energy storage projects with a $500 million credit facility from a Singapore Financial Institution. Since 2021,
Mr. Sitkoski has served as a director of global business for DD Dannar Corp., a fully electric heavy equipment manufacturing company specializing
in zero emission infrastructure, agriculture and defense technologies. Mr. Sitkoski co-founded MR3 Systems, Inc., an ion exchange technology
company that developed tools to assist in rare mineral extraction and recovery. Mr. Sitkoski also serves as strategic advisor to Mel-Mont
Medical, a early cancer detection protocol recently approved by the FDA. Mr. Sitkoski was recently appointed to the VP of Clinical Partnerships
and Growth for Dapper.Care an online AI medical companion being developed in collaboration with AWS and Care America Pharmacy Services.
Number, Terms of Office and Appointment of
Directors and Officers
During the past ten years,
none of the Company’s executive officers, directors or nominees have (i) been convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic
violations and similar misdemeanors) or (ii) been a party to any judicial or administrative proceeding (except for matters that were dismissed
without sanction or settlement) that resulted in a judgment, decree or final order enjoining such person from future violations of, or
prohibiting activities subject to, federal or state securities laws, or a finding of any violation of federal or state securities laws.
During the past ten years
except as discussed below (i) no petition has been filed under federal bankruptcy laws or any state insolvency laws by or against any
of our executive officers, directors or nominees, (ii) no receiver, fiscal agent or similar officer was appointed by a court for the business
or property of any of our executive officers, directors or nominees, and (iii) none of our executive officers, directors or nominees was
an executive officer of any business entity or a general partner of any partnership at or within two years before the filing of a petition
under the federal bankruptcy laws or any state insolvency laws by or against such entity. All of the Company’s executive officers,
directors and nominees listed above are U.S. citizens.
As of the date of this Form
10-K, we are not subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to our knowledge, are any material legal proceedings threatened against
us or any of our executive officers or directors in their corporate capacity.
Number and Terms of Office of Officers and Directors
Our board of directors consists
of six members. Prior to our initial business combination, holders of our founder shares will have the right to appoint all of our directors
and remove members of the board of directors for any reason, and holders of our public shares will not have the right to vote on the appointment
of directors during such time. These provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may only be amended
by a special resolution passed by a majority of at least 90% of our ordinary shares attending and voting in a general meeting. Each of
our directors will hold office for a three-year term. Subject to any other special rights applicable to the shareholders, any vacancies
on our board of directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present and voting at the meeting of our
board of directors or by a majority of the holders of our ordinary shares (or, prior to our initial business combination, holders of our
founder shares).
Our officers are appointed
by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board of directors, rather than for specific terms of office. Our board of
directors is authorized to appoint persons to the offices set forth in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association
as it deems appropriate. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that our officers may consist of a Chairman
or Co-Chairman, a Vice-Chairman, a Chief Executive Officer or Co-Chief Executive Officers, a President, a Chief Operating Officer, a Chief
Financial Officer, Vice Presidents, a Secretary, Assistant Secretaries, a Treasurer and such other offices as may be determined by the
board of directors.
21
During our 2025 fiscal year,
there was one meeting of our board of directors. All of our directors attended at least 75% of the meetings held during fiscal year 2025.
All directors are expected to attend meetings of the board of directors, meetings of the Committees upon which they serve and meetings
of our shareholders absent cause.
Director Independence
Nasdaq listing standards require
that a majority of our board of directors be independent within one year of our initial public offering. An “independent director”
is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a
relationship which in the opinion of the company’s board of directors, would interfere with the director’s exercise of independent
judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. We have three “independent directors” as defined in the Nasdaq
listing standards and applicable SEC rules. Our board has determined that each of Jonathan Cole, Susie Kuan and Jody Sitkoski is an independent
director under applicable SEC rules and the Nasdaq listing standards.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Our board of directors has
two standing committees: an audit committee and a compensation committee. Subject to phase-in rules and a limited exception, Nasdaq rules
and Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act require that the audit committee of a listed company be comprised solely of independent directors,
and Nasdaq rules require that the compensation committee of a listed company be comprised solely of independent directors. Each committee
operates under a charter that complies with Nasdaq rules, has been approved by our board of directors and has the composition and responsibilities
described below.
Audit Committee
Our audit committee consists
of Jonathan Cole, Susie Kuan and Jody Sitkoski. Ms. Kuan serves as chairman of the audit committee.
Each member of the audit committee
is financially literate and our board of directors has determined that Ms. Kuan qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert”
as defined in applicable SEC rules and has accounting or related financial management expertise.
We have adopted an audit committee
charter, which details the purpose and principal functions of the audit committee, including:
● assisting
board oversight of (1) the integrity of our financial statements, (2) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements,
(3) our independent registered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence, and (4) the performance of our
internal audit function and independent registered public accounting firm;
● the
appointment, compensation, retention, replacement, and oversight of the work of the independent registered public accounting firm and
any other registered public accounting firm engaged by us;
● pre-approving
all audit and non-audit services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm or any other registered public accounting
firm engaged by us, and establishing pre-approval policies and procedures;
● reviewing
and discussing with the independent registered public accounting firm all relationships the independent registered public accounting
firm has with us in order to evaluate their continued independence;
● setting
clear hiring policies for employees or former employees of the independent registered public accounting firm;
● setting
clear policies for audit partner rotation in compliance with applicable laws and regulations;
22
● obtaining
and reviewing a report, at least annually, from the independent registered public accounting firm describing (1) the independent
registered public accounting firm’s internal quality-control procedures and (2) any material issues raised by the most recent
internal quality-control review, or peer review, of the audit firm, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional
authorities, within the preceding five years respecting one or more independent audits carried out by the firm and any steps taken
to deal with such issues;
● meeting
to review and discuss our annual audited financial statements and quarterly financial statements with management and the independent
registered public accounting firm, including reviewing our specific disclosures under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations;”
● reviewing
and approving any related party transaction required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by
the SEC prior to us entering into such transaction; and
● reviewing
with management, the independent registered public accounting firm, and our legal advisors, as appropriate, any legal, regulatory or
compliance matters, including any correspondence with regulators or government agencies and any employee complaints or published reports
that raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies and any significant changes in accounting standards
or rules promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC or other regulatory authorities.
Compensation Committee
Our compensation committee
consists of Jonathan Cole, Susie Kuan and Jody Sitkoski. Mr. Sitkoski serves as chairman of the compensation committee. We have adopted
compensation committee charter, which details the purpose and responsibility of the compensation committee, including:
●
reviewing and approving on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives relevant to our Co-Chief Executive Officers’ compensation, evaluating our Co-Chief Executive Officers’ performance in light of such goals and objectives and determining and approving the remuneration (if any) of our Co-Chief Executive Officers based on such evaluation;
●
reviewing and making recommendations to our board of directors with respect to the compensation, and any incentive-compensation and equity-based plans that are subject to board approval of all of our other officers;
●
reviewing our executive compensation policies and plans;
●
implementing and administering our incentive compensation equity-based remuneration plans;
●
assisting management in complying with our proxy statement and annual report disclosure requirements;
●
approving all special perquisites, special cash payments and other special compensation and benefit arrangements for our officers and employees;
●
producing a report on executive compensation to be included in our annual proxy statement; and
●
reviewing, evaluating and recommending changes, if appropriate, to the remuneration for directors.
The charter also provides
that the compensation committee may, in its sole discretion, retain or obtain the advice of a compensation consultant, independent legal
counsel or other adviser and will be directly responsible for the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of any such adviser.
However, before engaging or receiving advice from a compensation consultant, external legal counsel or any other adviser, the compensation
committee will consider the independence of each such adviser, including the factors required by Nasdaq and the SEC.
23
Director Nominations
We do not have a standing
nominating committee though we intend to form a corporate governance and nominating committee as and when required to do so by law or
Nasdaq rules. In accordance with Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq rules, a majority of the independent directors may recommend a director
nominee for selection by the Board. The Board believes that the independent directors can satisfactorily carry out the responsibility
of properly selecting or approving director nominees without the formation of a standing nominating committee. The directors who will
participate in the consideration and recommendation of director nominees are Jonathan Cole, Susie Kuan and Jody Sitkoski. In accordance
with Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq rules, all such directors are independent. As there is no standing nominating committee, we do not have
a nominating committee charter in place.
The Board will also consider
director candidates recommended for nomination by our shareholders during such times as they are seeking proposed nominees to stand for
election at the next annual general meeting of shareholders (or, if applicable, a, extraordinary general meeting of shareholders). Our
shareholders that wish to nominate a director for election to our Board should follow the procedures set forth in our by laws.
We have not formally established
any specific, minimum qualifications that must be met or skills that are necessary for directors to possess. In general, in identifying
and evaluating nominees for director, the Board considers educational background, diversity of professional experience, knowledge of our
business, integrity, professional reputation, independence, wisdom, and the ability to represent the best interests of our shareholders.
Section 16 (a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance
Section 16(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires our executive officers, directors and persons who beneficially own more than ten percent of
our ordinary shares to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. These reporting persons are also required to furnish
us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based solely upon a review of such Forms, we believe that during the year ended December
31, 2025 there were no delinquent filers.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of
ethics that applies to all of our executive officers, directors and employees. The code of ethics codifies the business and ethical principles
that govern all aspects of our business.
Conflicts of Interest
Our management team, in their
capacities as directors, officers or employees of GSR Sponsor or its respective or in their other endeavors, may choose to present potential
Business Combinations to the related entities described above, current or future entities affiliated with or managed by either of our
sponsor, or third parties, before they present such opportunities to us, subject to his or her fiduciary duties under Cayman Islands law
and any other applicable fiduciary duties. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that, to the fullest
extent permitted by applicable law: (i) no individual serving as a director or an officer shall have any duty, except and to the
extent expressly assumed by contract, to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same or similar business activities or lines
of business as us; and (ii) we renounce any interest or expectancy in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, any
potential transaction or matter which may be a corporate opportunity for any director or officer, on the one hand, and us, on the other.
For more information, see the section entitled “Management — Conflicts of Interest.”
In addition, members of our
management team and our board of directors will directly or indirectly own founder shares and/or private placement units following the
initial public offering, as set forth in “Principal Shareholders,” and, accordingly, may have a conflict of interest in determining
whether a particular target business is an appropriate business with which to effectuate our initial Business Combination.
24
Our sponsor and some of our
directors and officers are officers, partners or affiliates of SPAC Advisory Partners, LLC, our underwriter, and are registered representatives
of Kingswood Capital Partners LLC. As a result, SPAC Advisory Partners, LLC is deemed to have a “conflict of interest”
within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121. Accordingly, the initial public offering is being made in compliance with the applicable requirements
of Rule 5121. SPAC Advisory Partners will not confirm sales to any account over which it exercises discretionary authority without
the specific prior written approval of the account holder. In addition, Rule 5121 requires that a “qualified independent underwriter,”
as defined in Rule 5121, participate in the preparation of the registration statement and prospectus and exercise the usual standards
of due diligence with respect thereto. B. Riley has agreed to act as a qualified independent underwriter for the initial public offering.
We have agreed to indemnify B. Riley against certain liabilities incurred in connection with acting as a qualified independent underwriter,
including liabilities under the Securities Act.
Our directors and officers
presently have, and any of them in the future may have, additional, fiduciary or contractual obligations to other entities pursuant to
which such officer or director is or will be required to present a Business Combination opportunity to such entity. Accordingly, if any
of our directors or officers becomes aware of a Business Combination opportunity that is suitable for an entity to which he or she has
then-current fiduciary or contractual obligations, he or she may need to honor these fiduciary or contractual obligations to present such
Business Combination opportunity to such entity, or in the case of a non-compete restriction, may not present such opportunity to us at
all, subject to his or her fiduciary duties under Cayman Islands law. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association
provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by law: (i) no individual serving as a director or an officer, among other persons,
shall have any duty, except and to the extent expressly assumed by contract, to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same
or similar business activities or lines of business as us, and (ii) we renounce any interest or expectancy in, or in being offered
an opportunity to participate in, any potential transaction or matter which (a) may be a corporate opportunity for any director or
officer, on the one hand, and us, on the other or (b) the presentation of which would breach an existing legal obligation of a director
or officer to any other entity. We do not believe, however, that the fiduciary duties or contractual obligations of our officers or directors
will materially affect our ability to complete our initial Business Combination.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
No compensation of any kind,
including finder’s and consulting fees, will be paid to our sponsor, officers and directors, or any of their respective affiliates,
for services rendered prior to or in connection with the completion of an initial Business Combination. However, these individuals will
be reimbursed for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with activities on our behalf, including with respect to our formation
and initial public offering and to identifying potential target businesses and performing due diligence on suitable Business Combinations.
Additionally, in connection with the successful completion of our initial Business Combination, we may determine to provide a payment
to our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors or our or their affiliates; however any such payment would not be made from the proceeds
of our initial public offering held in the trust account and we currently do not have any agreement or arrangement with any such party
to do so. Our audit committee will review on a quarterly basis all payments that were or are to be made to our sponsor, officers, directors
or our or their affiliates. There is no cap or ceiling on the reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by such persons in connection
with activities on our behalf.
After the completion of our
initial Business Combination, directors or members of our management team who remain with us may be paid consulting or management fees
from the combined company. All of these fees will be fully disclosed to shareholders, to the extent then known, in the tender offer materials
or proxy solicitation materials furnished to our shareholders in connection with a proposed Business Combination. We have not established
any limit on the amount of such fees that may be paid by the combined company to our directors or members of management. It is unlikely
the amount of such compensation will be known at the time of the proposed Business Combination, because the directors of the post-combination
business will be responsible for determining officer and director compensation. Any compensation to be paid to our officers will be determined,
or recommended to the Board for determination, either by a compensation committee constituted solely by independent directors or by a
majority of independent directors on our Board.
25
We do not intend to take any
action to ensure that members of our management team maintain their positions with us after the consummation of our initial Business Combination,
although it is possible that some or all of our officers and directors may negotiate employment or consulting arrangements to remain with
us after our initial Business Combination. The existence or terms of any such employment or consulting arrangements to retain their positions
with us may influence our management’s motivation in identifying or selecting a target business but we do not believe that the ability
of our management to remain with us after the consummation of our initial Business Combination will be a determining factor in our decision
to proceed with any potential Business Combination. We are not party to any agreements with our officers and directors that provide for
benefits upon termination of employment.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL
OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The following table sets forth
information regarding the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares as of the date of this Form 10-K by:
●
each person known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares;
●
each of our directors and officers that beneficially owns ordinary shares; and
●
all our directors and officers as a group.
Unless otherwise indicated, we believe that all persons named in the
table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all ordinary shares beneficially owned by them. The following table does not
reflect record of beneficial ownership of the private placement units as these units are not exercisable within 60 days of the date
of this Form 10-K:
Number of
Shares
Beneficially
Approximate
Percentage of
Issued and
Outstanding
Ordinary
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (1)
Owned
Shares
GSR IV Sponsor LLC (1)(2)
5,690,000
20 %
Gus Garcia (2)
5,690,000
20 %
Lewis Silberman (2)
5,690,000
20 %
Anantha Ramamurti (2)
5,690,000
20 %
Yuya Orime
Jonathan Cole (3)
20,000
*
Susie Kuan (3)
20,000
*
Jody Sitkoski (3)
20,000
*
All officers, directors and director nominees as a group (eight individuals)
* Less
than one percent.
(1) Represents 5,690,000 Class B ordinary shares that automatically convert
on a one-for one basis into Class A ordinary shares at the time of a qualifying initial Business Combination, or earlier at the option
of the holder.
(2)
Messrs. Garcia, Silberman and Ramamurti each disclaims beneficial of such shares except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein.
(3)
Includes the 20,000 founder shares our Sponsor transferred to each independent director on August 18, 2025.
26
Restrictions on Transfers of Founder Shares and Private shares
The founder shares, private
placement units and any Class A ordinary shares issued upon conversion or exercise thereof are each subject to transfer restrictions
pursuant to lock-up provisions in the letter agreement with us to be entered into by our initial shareholders, directors and officers.
Those lock-up provisions provide that such securities are not transferable or saleable (1) in the case of the founder shares, until
the first earnings release that is at least 60 days after the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination, at
which point 25% of the Founder Shares will become transferable and thereafter an additional 25% will become transferable at each subsequent
earnings release, and, notwithstanding the above, 100% of any Founder Shares will become immediately transferable, subsequent to any initial
Business Combination, (x) if the last reported sale price of our Class A ordinary shares equals or exceeds $12.00 per share
(as adjusted for share sub-divisions, share dividends, rights issuances, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 10 trading
days within any 30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after our initial Business Combination or (y) the date
on which we complete a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all of our public
shareholders having the right to exchange their ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property, and (2) in the case of the
private placement units (including any private placement shares, private placement rights and any Class A ordinary shares underlying
the private placement rights), until 30 days after the completion of our initial Business Combination, except in each case (unless
otherwise described below) (a) transfer to (i) GSR Sponsor’s members, (ii) the directors or officers of the Company,
GSR Sponsor or GSR Sponsor’s members, (iii) any affiliates or family members of the directors or officers of the Company, GSR
Sponsor, GSR Sponsor’s members, (iv) any members or partners of GSR Sponsor or GSR Sponsor’s members, or their respective
affiliates, or any affiliates of GSR Sponsor or GSR Sponsor’s members, or any employees of such affiliates, (b) in the case
of an individual, by gift to a member of the individual’s immediate family or to a trust, the beneficiary of which is a member of
the individual’s immediate family, an affiliate of such person, or to a charitable organization; (c) in the case of an individual,
by virtue of laws of descent and distribution upon death of the individual; (d) in the case of an individual, pursuant to a qualified
domestic relations order; (e) in the case of a trust by distribution to one or more permissible beneficiaries of such trust; (f) by
private sales or in connection with the consummation of a Business Combination at prices no greater than the price at which the securities
were originally purchased; (g) to us for no value for cancellation in connection with the consummation of our initial Business Combination;
(h) in the event of our liquidation prior to our completion of our initial Business Combination; (i) by virtue of the laws of
Delaware law, by virtue of GSR Sponsor’s limited liability agreement or other constitutional, organizational or formational documents,
as amended, upon dissolution of GSR Sponsor or by virtue of the constitutional, organization or formational documents of a subsidiary
of GSR Sponsor that holds the relevant securities, upon liquidation or dissolution of such subsidiary; or (j) in the event of our
completion of a liquidation, merger, share exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction which results in all of our shareholders
having the right to exchange their Class A ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property subsequent to our completion of
our initial Business Combination; provided, however, that in the case of clauses (a) through (e) these permitted transferees
must enter into a written agreement agreeing to be bound by these transfer restrictions.
No member of GSR Sponsor may
Transfer all or any portion of its membership interests in GSR Sponsor, except (i) with the prior written consent of all of the managers
of GSR Sponsor, or (ii) to such member’s affiliates, immediate family, or to a trust, the primary beneficiary(ies) of which
is a member or members of such member’s immediate family; provided that such recipient shall be required to become a member of GSR
Sponsor pursuant to the terms of GSR Sponsor’s limited liability agreement and, therefore, be bound by the restrictions on transfers
as set forth therein.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Founder Shares
On May 30, 2023, the Sponsor
paid $25,000 to cover certain offering costs of the Company in consideration for 5,750,000 Class B ordinary shares of the Company (after
giving effect to a share surrender effected on June 5, 2024). The initial shareholders have not forfeited Founder Shares as the over-allotment
option was exercised in full by the underwriter. The Founder Shares represent 20.0% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares
after the Initial Public Offering.
27
Private Placement
Simultaneously with the consummation
of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Units, the Company consummated the private placement of 655,500 units, generating total
proceeds of $6,555,000. Each Private Placement Unit entitles the holder thereof to one Class A ordinary share and one-seventh of one private
right to purchase one Class A ordinary share at $10.00 per share.
The private placement units
have terms and provisions that are identical to the units sold as part of the Initial Public Offering. The private placement units (including
any private placement shares, any private placement rights and any Class A ordinary shares underlying the private placement rights) are
not transferable, assignable or saleable until 30 days after the completion of initial Business Combination except pursuant to limited
exceptions.
Related Person Transactions Policy and Procedure
GSR’s Code of Ethics
requires it to avoid, wherever possible, all related party transactions that could result in actual or potential conflicts of interests,
except under guidelines approved by the Board (or the audit committee). A conflict of interest situation can arise when a person takes
actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest may
also arise if a person, or a member of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position.
GSR’s audit committee,
pursuant to its written charter, is responsible for reviewing and approving related-party transactions to the extent GSR enters into such
transactions. The audit committee will consider all relevant factors when determining whether to approve a related party transaction,
including whether the related party transaction is on terms no less favorable to GSR than terms generally available from an unaffiliated
third-party under the same or similar circumstances and the extent of the related party’s interest in the transaction. No director
may participate in the approval of any transaction in which he is a related party, but that director is required to provide the audit
committee with all material information concerning the transaction. GSR also requires each of its directors and executive officers to
complete a directors’ and officers’ questionnaire that elicits information about related party transactions.
These procedures are intended
to determine whether any such related party transaction impairs the independence of a director or presents a conflict of interest on the
part of a director, employee or officer.
To further minimize conflicts
of interest, if such related party transaction were to occur, GSR has agreed not to consummate an initial Business Combination with an
entity that is affiliated with any of the Sponsor, officers or directors of GSR unless GSR has obtained an opinion from an independent
investment banking firm which is a member of FINRA or an independent accounting firm that our initial Business Combination is fair to
our company from a financial point of view.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
MaloneBailey, LLP (“MB”)
served as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year 2025.
Audit Fees . Audit fees
consist of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our year-end financial statements and services normally provided
in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements including comfort letters, consents and other services related to SEC
matters. The aggregate fees billed by MB for professional services rendered for the audit of our financial statements for the years ended
December 31, 2025 and 2024 totaled $110,000.
Audit-Related Fees .
Audit-related services consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to performance of the audit
or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that
are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. We did not pay MB
any fees for consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
Tax Fees . We did not
pay MB for tax planning, tax advice and tax compliance for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
All Other Fees . We
did not pay MB for any other services for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.
28
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Financial Statements.
The following financial statements are submitted as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID Number 206)
F-2
Financial Statements:
Balance Sheets
F-3
Statements of Operations
F-4
Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Deficit
F-5
Statements of Cash Flows
F-7
Notes to Financial Statements
F-8
(b) Exhibits:
Information in response to
this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Exhibit Index to this Form 10-K.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
None.
29
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm PCAOB ID # 206 F-2
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 F-3
Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 F-4
Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Deficit for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 F-5
Statements of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 F-7
Notes to Financial Statements F-8
F- 1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of
GSR IV Acquisition Corp.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of GSR IV Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ deficit, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Going Concern Matter
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and has a net capital deficiency that raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ MaloneBailey, LLP
www.malonebailey.com
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2025.
Houston, Texas
March 27, 2026
F- 2
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31,
2025
2024
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash $ 1,550,075 $ -
Prepaid expenses 148,812 2,867
Total Current assets 1,698,887 2,867
Non-Current Assets:
Cash and investments held in Trust Account 232,887,973 -
Total Assets $ 234,586,860 $ 2,867
Liabilities, Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption and Shareholders’ Deficit
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 20,900 $ 3,800
Total Current Liabilities 20,900 3,800
Non-Current Liabilities:
Deferred underwriting commissions 9,200,000 -
Total Liabilities 9,220,900 3,800
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)
Class A ordinary shares, $ 0.0001 par value; 23,000,000 shares subject to possible redemption at $ 10.13 per share as of December 31, 2025 ( none as of December 31, 2024) 232,887,973 -
Shareholders’ Deficit
Preference shares, $ 0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding - -
Class A ordinary shares, $ 0.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 655,500 shares issued and outstanding (excluding 23,000,000 shares subject to possible redemption) as of December 31, 2025 ( none as of December 31, 2024) 66 -
Class B ordinary shares, $ 0.0001 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 5,750,000 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively 575 575
Additional paid-in capital - 24,425
Accumulated deficit ( 7,522,654 ) ( 25,933 )
Total Shareholders’ Deficit ( 7,522,013 ) ( 933 )
Total Liabilities, Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption and Shareholders’ Deficit $ 234,586,860 $ 2,867
The accompanying
notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F- 3
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Year Ended
December 31,
2025
2024
General and administrative expenses $ 567,012 $ 10,117
Loss from operations ( 567,012 ) ( 10,117 )
Other income
Interest and dividends earned on cash and investments held in trust account 2,887,973 -
Interest from the bank account 28 -
Net income (loss) $ 2,320,989 $ ( 10,117 )
Basic and diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding, redeemable ordinary shares 7,435,616 -
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share, redeemable ordinary shares $ 0.17 $ -
Basic and diluted weighted average ordinary shares outstanding, non-redeemable ordinary shares 5,961,915 5,750,000
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share, non-redeemable ordinary shares $ 0.17 $ ( 0.00 )
The accompanying notes are
an integral part of these financial statements.
F- 4
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2025
Ordinary Shares
Additional
Private
Placement
Total
Class A
Class B
Paid-in
Unit
Accumulated
Shareholders’
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Capital
Receivable
Deficit
Deficit
Balance – January 1, 2025 - $ - 5,750,000 $ 575 $ 24,425 $ - $ ( 25,933 ) $ ( 933 )
Risk capital receivable - - - - - ( 5,000 ) - ( 5,000 )
Sale of private placement units 655,500 66 - - 6,554,934 - - 6,555,000
Fair value of rights included in public units - - - - 4,107,143 - - 4,107,143
Allocated value of offering costs to ordinary shares and rights - - - - ( 299,821 ) - - ( 299,821 )
Remeasurement of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption - - - - ( 10,386,681 ) - ( 6,929,737 ) ( 17,316,418 )
Subsequent measurement of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption - - - - - - ( 2,887,973 ) ( 2,887,973 )
Write-off of risk capital receivable - - - - - 5,000 - 5,000
Net income - - - - - - 2,320,989 2,320,989
Balance - December 31, 2025 655,500 $ 66 5,750,000 $ 575 $ - $ - $ ( 7,522,654 ) $ ( 7,522,013 )
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these financial statements.
F- 5
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
- (Continued)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
Ordinary Shares
Additional
Total
Shareholders’
Class A
Class B
Paid-in
Accumulated
Equity
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Capital
Deficit
(Deficit)
Balance – January 1, 2024 - $ - 5,750,000 $ 575 $ 24,425 $ ( 15,816 ) $ 9,184
Net loss - - - - - ( 10,117 ) ( 10,117 )
Balance - December 31, 2024 - $ - 5,750,000 $ 575 $ 24,425 $ ( 25,933 ) $ ( 933 )
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these financial statements.
F- 6
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Year Ended
December 31,
2025
2024
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss) $ 2,320,989 $ ( 10,117 )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Interest and dividends earned on cash and investments held in trust account
( 2,887,973 ) -
Bad debt expense 5,000 -
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses ( 145,945 ) 6,317
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 17,100 3,800
Due to related party 79,711 -
Net cash used in operating activities ( 611,118 ) -
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Cash deposited in Trust Account ( 230,000,000 ) -
Net cash used in investing activities ( 230,000,000 ) -
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds received from initial public offering, gross 230,000,000 -
Proceeds received from private placement 6,381,441 -
Offering costs paid ( 4,220,248 ) -
Net cash provided by financing activities 232,161,193 -
Net increase in cash 1,550,075 -
Cash - beginning of the year - -
Cash - end of the year $ 1,550,075 $ -
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Offering costs paid by related party $ 88,848 $ -
Due to related party transferred to risk capital $ 168,559 $ -
Proceeds allocated to public rights $ 4,107,143 $ -
Allocation of offering costs to ordinary shares subject to redemption $ 13,209,275 $ -
Remeasurement adjustment on ordinary shares subject to possible redemption $ 17,316,418 $ -
Subsequent measurement of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption $ 2,887,973 $ -
Deferred underwriting commissions $ 9,200,000 $ -
Reclassification of value for Class A ordinary shares $ 230,000,000 $ -
The accompanying
notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F- 7
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2025
NOTE 1: DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS
GSR IV Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) is a blank check company incorporated as a Cayman Islands exempted company on May 10, 2023 . The Company was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities that the Company has not yet identified (“Business Combination”).
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had not yet commenced operations. All activity for the period from May 10, 2023 (inception) through December 31, 2025 relates to the Company’s formation and the initial public offering (the “Initial Public Offering”), and since the Initial Public Offering, its search for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of its initial Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest and dividend income from the proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account (as defined below). The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
Financing
The registration statement for the Company’s Initial Public Offering was declared effective on September 2, 2025. On September 5, 2025, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 23,000,000 units including 3,000,000 additional public units as the underwriters’ over-allotment option was exercised in full (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of Class A ordinary shares included in the Units being offered, the “Public Shares”), at $ 10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $ 230,000,000 (see Note 3).
Simultaneously with the consummation of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Units, the Company consummated the private placement (“Private Placement”) of 655,500 units including 45,000 additional private placement units as the underwriters’ over-allotment option was exercised in full (the “Private Placement Units”) to GSR IV Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”), at a price of $ 10.00 per Private Placement Unit, generating total proceeds of $ 6,555,000 (see Note 4). Out of the aggregate amount of $ 6,555,000 , the amount of $ 6,550,000 from the sale of the Private Placement Units are added to the net proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account and the balance of $ 5,000 was receivable from the Sponsor, which amount was written off to bad debt expense within general and administrative expenses on December 31, 2025.
Transaction costs amounted to $ 13,509,096 , consisting of $ 3,450,000 of cash underwriting fees, $ 9,200,000 of deferred underwriting commissions which will be paid on the consummation of the initial Business Combination, and $ 859,096 of other offering costs.
Upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering and the Private Placement, $ 230,000,000 ($ 10.00 per Unit) of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and certain of the proceeds of the Private Placement were placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”) with Odyssey Transfer and Trust Company acting as trustee and invested only in in either (i) U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds investing solely in U.S. Treasuries and meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act, (ii) as uninvested cash, or (iii) an interest or non-interest bearing bank demand deposit account or other accounts at a bank. The Trust Account is intended as a holding place for funds pending the earliest to occur of: (i) the completion of an initial Business Combination; (ii) the redemption of any Public Shares properly submitted in connection with a shareholder vote to amend the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (A) to modify the substance or timing of the obligation to offer redemption rights in connection with any proposed initial Business Combination or certain amendments to the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association prior thereto or to redeem 100 % of the Public Shares if the Company does not complete the initial Business Combination within the completion window; or (B) with respect to any other material provision relating to shareholders’ rights or pre-initial Business Combination activity; or (iii) absent an initial Business Combination within the completion window, from the closing of Initial Public Offering, return of the funds held in the Trust Account to public shareholders as part of redemption of the Public Shares.
F- 8
The Nasdaq listing rules require that the initial Business Combination must be with one or more operating businesses or assets with a fair market value equal to at least 80 % of the assets held in the Trust Account (net of permitted withdrawals and excluding the deferred underwriting commissions). Management may, however, structure an initial Business Combination such that the post-transaction company owns or acquires less than 100 % of such interests or assets of the target business in order to meet certain objectives of the target management team or shareholders or for other reasons, but will only complete such Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50 % or more of the issued and outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target business sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
The Company is required to provide its public shareholders with the opportunity to redeem, regardless of whether they abstain, vote for, or against, the initial Business Combination, all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of the initial Business Combination either (1) in connection with a general meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (2) by means of a tender offer.
All of the Class A ordinary shares sold as part of the units in this offering contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares in connection with liquidation, if there is a shareholder vote or tender offer in connection with initial Business Combination and in connection with certain amendments to second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. In accordance with SEC guidance on redeemable equity instruments, which has been codified in ASC 480-10-S99, redemption provisions not solely within the control of a company require ordinary shares subject to redemption to be classified outside of permanent equity. Accordingly, all of the Public Shares were presented as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheet. Given that the Class A ordinary shares sold as part of the units in the offering were issued with other freestanding instruments, the initial carrying value of Class A ordinary shares classified as temporary equity were the allocated proceeds determined in accordance with ASC 470-20. The resulting discount to the initial carrying value of temporary equity were accreted upon the closing of this offering such that the carrying value was equal the redemption value on such date. The accretion or remeasurement is recognized as a reduction to retained earnings, or in the absence of retained earnings, additional paid-in capital. Accretion associated with the redeemable Class A ordinary shares is excluded from earnings per share as the redemption value approximates fair value.
Each public shareholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares without voting and, if they do vote, irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction. In addition, initial shareholders, directors and officers have entered into a letter agreement, pursuant to which they have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any Founder Shares (as defined below) and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination.
Notwithstanding the foregoing redemption rights, the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that a public shareholder, together with any affiliate of such shareholder or any other person with whom such shareholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), is restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 15 % of the shares sold in this offering, without the prior consent of the Company.
F- 9
Completion Window
If the Company is unable to complete an initial Business Combination within the 18 or 21-month period after the closing of the Initial Public Offering (the “Completion Window”), it may seek an amendment to amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to extend the period of time to complete an initial Business Combination beyond 21 months. The Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association requires at least a special resolution of shareholders as a matter of Cayman Islands law, meaning that such an amendment be approved by at least two-thirds of ordinary shares who, being entitled to do so, attend and vote (either in person or by proxy) at a general meeting of the company. If the Company seeks shareholder approval to extend beyond the 21-month period in which to complete an initial Business Combination to a later date, the Company is required to offer public shareholders the right to have their public ordinary shares redeemed for a pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest (less permitted withdrawals and up to $ 100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses). There are no limitations to the number of times that the Company may seek shareholder approval or that shareholders may approve to extend beyond the 21-month period in which to complete a Business Combination at a later date. If the initial Business Combination is not completed within the Completion Window, the membership interests of the Sponsor become worthless.
Going Concern Consideration
In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-40, “Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern,” we have determined that mandatory liquidation, should we not complete a Business Combination and an extension of our deadline to do so not be approved by the shareholders of the Company, and potential subsequent dissolution and the liquidity issue raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern if it does not complete a Business Combination.
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had $ 1,550,075 in its operating bank account and a working capital of $ 1,677,987 . The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant costs as a publicly traded company, to evaluate business opportunities, and to close on a Business Combination. Such costs will be incurred prior to generating any operating revenues. These factors also raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued.
Management plans to complete a Business Combination before the mandatory liquidation date and anticipates that the Company will have sufficient liquidity to fund its operations until then. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to consummate a Business Combination within the Completion Window or that liquidity will be sufficient to fund operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Risks and Uncertainties
Management continues to evaluate the impact of significant global events such as the Russia/Ukraine and Israel/Palestine conflicts, on the industry and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that these could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target company, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of the financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
NOTE 2: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
F- 10
Emerging Growth Company Status
The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to nonemerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make a comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had $ 1,550,075 and $ 0 in cash, respectively. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
Cash and Investments Held in Trust Account
As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had $ 232,887,973 and $ 0 in cash and investments held in the Trust Account, respectively, comprised of money market funds that invest in U.S. government securities. Investments in money market funds are presented on the balance sheets at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Earnings on cash and investments held in the Trust Account are included in interest and dividends earned on cash and investments held in the Trust Account in the statement of operations. The estimated fair value of cash and investments held in the Trust Account is determined using available market information.
F- 11
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation coverage limit of $ 250,000 . Any loss incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company has not experienced losses on these accounts.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include:
● Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;
● Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and
● Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
In some circumstances, the inputs used to measure fair value might be categorized within different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In those instances, the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Offering Costs Associated with the Initial Public Offering
Offering costs consist of legal, administrative, and other costs incurred through the Initial Public Offering that are directly related to the Initial Public Offering. The Company complies with the requirements of the ASC 340-10-S99 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5A, “Expenses of Offering.” Offering costs were allocated to the Public Rights and Private Placement Units issued in the Initial Public Offering on a relative fair value basis, compared to total proceeds received. Offering costs associated with the Class A ordinary shares were charged against the carrying value of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering.
Income Taxes
The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s only major tax jurisdiction. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2025 or 2024. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
F- 12
There is currently no taxation imposed on income by the government of the Cayman Islands. In accordance with Cayman Islands federal income tax regulations, income taxes are not levied on the Company. Consequently, income taxes are not reflected in the Company’s financial statements. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Class A Redeemable Share Classification
The Public Shares contain a redemption feature which allows for the redemption of such Public Shares in connection with the Company’s liquidation, or if there is a shareholder vote or tender offer in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination. In accordance with ASC 480-10-S99, the Company classifies Public Shares subject to redemption outside of permanent equity as the redemption provisions are not solely within the control of the Company. The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and will adjust the carrying value of redeemable shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Immediately upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company recognized the accretion from initial book value to redemption amount value. The change in the carrying value of redeemable shares will result in charges against additional paid-in capital (to the extent available) and accumulated deficit.
Accordingly, on December 31, 2025, Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheet, as reconciled in the following table:
Public offering proceeds $ 230,000,000
Less: Proceeds allocated to public rights ( 4,107,143 )
Less: Ordinary share issuance cost ( 13,209,275 )
Plus: Remeasurement of carrying value to redemption value 17,316,418
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, September 5, 2025 $ 230,000,000
Plus: Subsequent measurement of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption 2,887,973
Ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2025 $ 232,887,973
Net Income (Loss) Per Ordinary Share
The Company complies with the accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”. Net income (loss) per ordinary share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the period, with presentation of net income (loss) per redeemable share and non-redeemable share following the two-class method.
The calculation of diluted income (loss) per ordinary share does not consider the effect of the rights issued in connection with the Initial Public Offering and the Private Placement since the exercise of the rights is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not have any dilutive securities or other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into ordinary shares that then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share is the same as basic net income (loss) per ordinary share for the years presented.
F- 13
The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share (in dollars, except share amounts):
For the Year Ended December 31,
2025 2024
Particulars Redeemable Shares Non-Redeemable Shares Redeemable Shares Non-Redeemable Shares
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:
Weighted average shares outstanding 7,435,616 5,961,915 - 5,750,000
Ownership percentage 55 % 45 % 0 % 100 %
Numerators:
Allocation of net income (loss) $ 1,288,147 $ 1,032,842 $ - $ ( 10,117 )
Denominators:
Weighted average shares outstanding 7,435,616 5,961,915 - 5,750,000
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share $ 0.17 $ 0.17 $ - $ ( 0.00 )
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recognizes compensation costs resulting from the issuance of stock-based awards to directors as an expense in the financial statements over the requisite service period based on a measurement of fair value for each stock-based award. The fair value is amortized as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. The Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model includes various assumptions, including the fair market value of the estimated stock price of the Company, expected life of shares, the expected volatility and the expected risk-free interest rate, among others. These assumptions reflect the Company’s best estimates, but they involve inherent uncertainties based on market conditions generally outside the control of the Company.
Recent Accounting Standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.
F- 14
NOTE 3. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 23,000,000 Units (including underwriters’ over-allotment exercise of 3,000,000 Units) at a purchase price of $ 10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $ 230,000,000 to the Company which was placed in the Trust Account. Each Unit consists of one Class A ordinary share and one-seventh of one public right (“Public Right”). Each whole right represents the right to receive one Class A ordinary share upon the consummation of an initial Business Combination. No fractional rights will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole rights will trade. The underwriters have exercised their over-allotment option on consummation of the Initial Public offering to purchase 3,000,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments.
NOTE 4. PRIVATE PLACEMENT
Simultaneously with the consummation of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Units, the Company consummated the Private Placement of 655,500 units (including underwriters’ over-allotment exercise of 45,000 units at a price of $ 10.00 per Private Placement Unit), generating total proceeds of $ 6,555,000 . Each Private Placement Unit entitles the holder thereof to one Class A ordinary share and one-seventh of one private right (“Private Placement Right”) to receive one Class A ordinary share upon the consummation of an initial Business Combination.
The Private Placement Units have terms and provisions that are identical to the Units sold as part of the Initial Public Offering. The Private Placement Units (including any Private Placement Shares, any Private Placement Rights and any Class A ordinary shares underlying the Private Placement Rights) are not transferable, assignable or saleable until 30 days after the completion of an initial Business Combination except pursuant to limited exceptions.
NOTE 5: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Founder Shares
On May 30, 2023, the Sponsor paid $ 25,000 to cover certain offering costs of the Company in consideration for 5,750,000 Class B ordinary shares (the “Founder Shares”). It was expected that the initial shareholders would not have forfeited any Founder Shares even if the over-allotment option was not exercised in full by the underwriters. The Founder Shares represent 20.0 % of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering as the over-allotment option was exercised in full by the underwriters.
On August 18, 2025, the Sponsor transferred 60,000 Founder Shares to the three independent directors ( 20,000 Founder Shares per director) of the Company, at a price of $ 0.004348 per share. Each buyer paid $ 86.96 for an aggregate purchase price of $ 260.88 in consideration of the assignment of shares. If the director ceases to be a director of the Company for any reason before the consummation of the Business Combination, at the Sponsor’s election, it will either repurchase the shares at the purchase price or forfeit the shares back to the Company for no consideration. The Founder Shares will automatically convert into shares of Class A ordinary shares at the time of the Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment as described in the Company’s certificate of incorporation.
The sale of the Founder Shares to the Company’s directors by the Sponsor is in the scope of FASB ASC Topic 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”). Under ASC 718, stock-based compensation associated with equity-classified awards is measured at fair value upon the grant date. The fair value of the 60,000 shares granted to the Company’s directors and management person was at the acquisition price per share of $ 0.004348 .
The Founder Shares were granted subject to a performance condition (i.e., the occurrence of a Business Combination). Compensation expense related to the Founders Shares is recognized only when the performance condition is probable of occurrence under the applicable accounting literature in this circumstance. Stock-based compensation would be recognized at the date a Business Combination is considered probable (i.e., upon consummation of a Business Combination) in an amount equal to the number of Founders Shares times the grant date fair value per share (unless subsequently modified) less the amount initially received for the purchase of the Founder Shares.
F- 15
Administrative Services Agreement
Commencing on September 5, 2025, the Company entered into an agreement to pay the Sponsor a total of up to $ 55,556 per month for office space and administrative and support services. Upon completion of a Business Combination or its liquidation, the Company will cease paying these monthly fees. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company incurred $ 222,224 in fees for these services which are included within general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operations (none for the year ended December 31, 2024). There were no related amounts payable as of December 31, 2025 or 2024.
Promissory Note
On June 6, 2024, the Sponsor agreed to loan the Company up to $ 300,000 pursuant to a promissory note (the “Note”). The Note was noninterest bearing, unsecured and due upon the earlier of June 6, 2025 and the closing of the Initial Public Offering. On June 3, 2025, the Company entered into an amendment to the Note, extending the maturity date to the earlier of June 6, 2026 and the closing of the Initial Public Offering. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had no outstanding balances under the Note, which became due upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering.
Due to Related Party
The Sponsor pays certain costs on behalf of the Company, with such amounts reflected as due to related party. These amounts are due on demand and non-interest bearing. During the period from April 1, 2025 through September 5, 2025, the Sponsor paid certain costs totaling $ 168,559 on behalf of the Company. Upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company repaid the outstanding balance of $ 168,559 due to related party from the proceeds not held in the Trust Account, resulting in no balance due to related party as of December 31, 2025 (none as of December 31, 2024).
Working Capital Loans
In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, members of the Company’s founding team or any of their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company will repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the lenders’ discretion, up to $ 1,500,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be convertible into private placement units at a price of $ 10.00 per unit. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had no outstanding Working Capital Loans.
F- 16
NOTE 6: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Registration Rights
The holders of the (i) Founder Shares, which were issued in a private placement prior to the closing of the Initial Public Offering, (ii) Private Placement Units (including Private Placement Shares and Private Placement Rights), which were issued in a Private Placement simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering and the Class A ordinary shares underlying such Private Placement Units, and (iii) Private Placement Units and the Class A ordinary shares underlying such Private Placement Units that may be issued upon conversion of any Sponsor funded, have registration rights to require the Company to register a sale of any of securities held by holders of the securities pursuant to a registration rights agreement that was signed prior to the effective date of the Initial Public Offering. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form registration demands, that the Company register such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to completion of initial business combination and rights to require to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. However, the registration rights agreement provides that the Company is not required to effect or permit any registration or cause any registration statement to become effective until termination of the applicable lock-up period.
Underwriting Agreement
On September 5, 2025, the underwriters exercised their over-allotment option in full to purchase 3,000,000 additional Units at the Initial Public Offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions.
The underwriters were entitled to cash underwriting fees of $ 0.15 per Unit, or $ 3,450,000 in the aggregate, paid upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering. In addition, the underwriters are entitled to deferred underwriting commissions of $ 0.40 per Unit, or $ 9,200,000 in the aggregate. The deferred underwriting commissions will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that the Company completes a Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.
NOTE 7: SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Preference Shares - The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 preference shares, par value $ 0.0001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no preference shares issued or outstanding.
Class A Ordinary Shares - The Company is authorized to issue 200,000,000 Class A ordinary share with a par value of $ 0.0001 per share. As of December 31, 2025, there were 655,500 Class A ordinary shares issued and outstanding, excluding 23,000,000 Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption ( none as of December 31, 2024).
Class B Ordinary Shares - The Company is authorized to issue 20,000,000 Class B ordinary shares with a par value of $ 0.0001 per share. On May 30, 2023, the Company issued an aggregate of 5,750,000 Founder Shares to the Sponsor for an aggregate purchase price of $ 25,000 , or approximately $ 0.004 per share. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were 5,750,000 Class B ordinary shares issued and outstanding.
Holders of the Class B ordinary shares have the right to appoint all the Company’s directors prior to an initial Business Combination. On any other matter submitted to a vote of the Company’s shareholders, holders of the Class A ordinary shares and holders of the Class B ordinary shares will vote together as a single class, except as required by law or share exchange rule; provided, that the holders of Class B ordinary shares are be entitled to vote as a separate class to increase the authorized number of Class B ordinary shares. Each ordinary share will have one vote on all such matters.
The Class B ordinary shares will automatically convert into Class A ordinary shares at the time of the initial Business Combination, or earlier at the option of the holder, on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment for share sub-divisions, share dividends, rights issuances, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like and will not have any redemption rights or be entitled to liquidating distributions if we do not consummate an initial Business Combination.
F- 17
Rights - As of December 31, 2024, there were no rights issued or outstanding. On September 5, 2025, 3,285,714 Public Rights and 93,642 Private Placement Rights were issued as part of the Initial Public Offering and Private Placement, respectively.
The gross proceeds of the Initial Public Offering were allocated to the Public Rights based on relative value, with $ 4,107,143 recorded in shareholders’ deficit related to the Public Rights on September 5, 2025. The rights are not remeasured to fair value on a recurring basis.
As of December 31, 2025, there were 3,285,714 Public Rights and 93,642 Private Placement Rights outstanding. Each holder of one right will receive one Class A ordinary share upon the consummation of the initial Business Combination, whether or not the Company will be the surviving entity, even if the holder of a Public Right converted all Class A ordinary shares held by them or it in connection with the initial Business Combination or an amendment to the Company’s memorandum and articles of association with respect to Company’s pre-business combination activities. In the event the Company will not be the survivor upon completion of the initial Business Combination, each holder of rights will be required to affirmatively convert their rights in order to receive the Class A ordinary shares underlying the rights (without paying any additional consideration) upon consummation of the Business Combination. The Company will not issue fractional Class A ordinary shares in connection with an exchange of rights. Fractional Class A ordinary shares will either be rounded down to the nearest whole share or otherwise addressed in accordance with the applicable provisions of Cayman Islands law. If the Company is unable to complete an initial Business Combination within the Completion Window and the Company redeems the Public Shares from the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds for their rights and the rights will expire worthless.
NOTE 8. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2: Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs based on our assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
F- 18
The following table presents information about the Company’s assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2025 (none as of December 31, 2024) and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
As of
December 31,
2025 Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1) Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2) Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Assets:
Cash and investments held in Trust Account $ 232,887,973 $ 232,887,973 — —
NOTE 9: SEGMENT INFORMATION
ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statement information about operating segments, products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the Company’s chief operating decision maker, or group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.
The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) has been identified as the Co- Chief Executive Officers , who collectively review the operating results for the Company as a whole to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing financial performance. Accordingly, management has determined that the Company only has one operating segment.
When evaluating the Company’s performance and making key decisions regarding resource allocation, the CODM reviews several key metrics, which include general and administrative expenses and interest and dividends earned on cash and investments held in Trust Account.
The key measure of segment profit or loss reviewed by our CODM is net income or loss, which is comprised of interest and dividends earned on cash and investments held in Trust Account and general and administrative expenses. Net income or loss is reviewed and monitored by the CODM to manage and forecast cash to ensure enough capital is available to complete a Business Combination within the Completion Window. The CODM reviews interest and dividends earned on cash and investments held in Trust Account to measure and monitor shareholder value and determine the most effective strategy of investment with the Trust Account funds while maintaining compliance with the trust agreement. The CODM reviews general and administrative expenses to manage, maintain and enforce all contractual agreements to ensure costs are aligned with all agreements and the budget.
NOTE 10: SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.
F- 19
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements
of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form
10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on this 27th day of March, 2026.
GSR IV ACQUISITION CORP.
By:
/s/ Gus Garcia
Name:
Gus Garcia
Title:
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements
of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the
following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. The undersigned hereby constitute and
appoint Gus Garcia and Lewis Silberman, and each of them, their true and lawful agents and attorneys-in-fact with full power and authority
in said agents and attorneys-in-fact, and in any one or more of them, to sign for the undersigned and in their respective names as Directors
and officers of GSR IV Acquisition Corp., any amendment or supplement hereto. The undersigned hereby confirm all acts taken by such agents
and attorneys-in-fact, or any one or more of them, as herein authorized.
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ Gus Garcia
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director
March
27, 2026
Gus Garcia
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Lewis Silberman
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Director
March
27, 2026
Lewis Silberman
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Anantha Ramamurti
Chief Financial Officer, President and Director
March
27, 2026
Anantha Ramamurti
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
/s/ Jonathan Cole
Director
March
27, 2026
Jonathan Cole
/s/ Susie Kuan
Director
March 27, 2026
Susie Kuan
/s/ Jody Sitkoski
Director
March
27, 2026
Jody Sitkoski
30
EXHIBIT INDEX
1.1
Underwriting Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, among the Company and Polaris Advisory Partners LLC and The Benchmark Company, LLC, as representative of the underwriter named therein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
3.1
Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
4.1
Rights Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, between the Company and Odyssey Transfer and Trust Company, as Rights agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
4.5*
Description of Registrant’s Securities.
10.1
Letter Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, among the Company, its officers and directors, the Sponsor and Polaris Advisory Partners LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.2
Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, between the Company and Odyssey Transfer and Trust Company, as trustee incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.3
Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, among the Company, the Sponsor, Polaris Advisory Partners LLC and certain security holders named therein incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.4
Private Placement Unit Purchase Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, between the Company and the Sponsor incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.5
Private Placement Unit Purchase Agreement, dated September 3, 2025, between the Company and Polaris Advisory Partners LLC incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.6
Administrative Services Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and the Sponsor incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.7
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Gus Garcia incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.8
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Lewis Silberman incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.9
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Anantha Ramamurti incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.10
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Yuya Orime incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.11
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Jody Sitkoski incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.12
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Susie Kuan incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
10.13
Indemnity Agreement, dated September 2, 2025, between the Company and Jonathan Cole incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 on the Current Report on Form 8-K filed September 5, 2025 (file no. 001-42821)).
19*
Insider Trading Policy
31.1**
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2**
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**
Certification of Principal Executive Officers pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002.
99.1
Clawback Policy (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 on the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed August 25, 2025).
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
*
Filed herewith.
**
These certifications are furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, nor shall they be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
31
Text extracted from the filing as submitted to EDGAR. Formatting, tables and exhibits are simplified for reading; the original document is authoritative for anything you rely on.