Ernexa Therapeutics Inc. 10-Q

Item 1. Financial Statements ERNEXA THERAPEUTICS INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except par value amounts) (unaudited) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 ASSETS Current assets: Cash $ 5,028 $ 1,884 Other receivables 83 95 Due from related party - 750 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 783 404 Total current assets 5,894 3,133 Property and equipment, net 82 94 Right-of-use assets - operating leases, net 314 453 Goodwill - 2,044 Other assets 25 110 Total assets $ 6,315 $ 5,834 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 1,375 $ 1,125 Accrued expenses 1,016 898 Income taxes payable - 3 Operating lease liabilities, current 167 213 Due to related party 250 750 Contingent consideration liability - 41 Other current liabilities 124 83 Total current liabilities 2,932 3,113 Operating lease liabilities, non-current 182 277 Other liabilities 1 43 Total liabilities 3,115 3,433 Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $ 0.005 par value, 1,000 shares authorized, 156 designated and outstanding of Series A convertible preferred stock at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, $ 156 liquidation preference 1 1 Common stock, $ 0.005 par value, 150,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, 1,170 and 314 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively 6 2 Additional paid-in capital 258,352 248,034 Accumulated deficit ( 255,159 ) ( 245,636 ) Total stockholders’ equity 3,200 2,401 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 6,315 $ 5,834 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 1 ERNEXA THERAPEUTICS INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share amounts) (unaudited) 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Operating expenses: Research and development $ 2,792 $ 1,136 $ 4,707 $ 2,445 General and administrative 1,312 1,365 2,943 2,786 Impairment of goodwill - - 2,044 - Total operating expenses 4,104 2,501 9,694 5,231 Loss from operations ( 4,104 ) ( 2,501 ) ( 9,694 ) ( 5,231 ) Other income (expense), net: Forward sales contract expense - ( 512 ) - ( 5,847 ) Change in fair value of warrant liabilities - - - 1 Interest income (expense), net 55 - 99 5 Gain on extinguishment of contingent liability 41 - 41 - Other expense, net ( 1 ) ( 123 ) ( 1 ) ( 258 ) Total other income (expense), net 95 ( 635 ) 139 ( 6,099 ) Loss before income taxes ( 4,009 ) ( 3,136 ) ( 9,555 ) ( 11,330 ) Benefit (provision) for income taxes - ( 3 ) 40 ( 11 ) Net loss ( 4,009 ) ( 3,139 ) ( 9,515 ) ( 11,341 ) Series A preferred stock dividend ( 8 ) ( 8 ) ( 8 ) ( 8 ) Net loss attributable to common stockholders $ ( 4,017 ) $ ( 3,147 ) $ ( 9,523 ) $ ( 11,349 ) Net loss per common share - basic and diluted $ ( 3.40 ) $ ( 15.19 ) $ ( 9.63 ) $ ( 65.22 ) Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted 1,183 207 989 174 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 2 ERNEXA THERAPEUTICS INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 (unaudited) (In thousands) Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Deficit Total Series A Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-in Accumulated Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Deficit Total Balances at April 1, 2026 156 $ 1 1,166 $ 6 $ 257,994 $ ( 251,142 ) $ 6,859 Issuance of common stock to consultant for services - - 2 - 24 - 24 Issuance of common stock to Series A preferred stockholders in lieu of cash dividends - - 1 - 8 ( 8 ) - Issuance of common stock under ATM, net - - 1 - 6 - 6 Stock-based compensation - - - - 320 - 320 Net loss - - - - - ( 4,009 ) ( 4,009 ) Balances at June 30, 2026 156 $ 1 1,170 $ 6 $ 258,352 $ ( 255,159 ) $ 3,200 Series A Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-in Accumulated Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Deficit Total Balances at January 1, 2026 156 $ 1 314 $ 2 $ 248,034 $ ( 245,636 ) $ 2,401 Issuance of common stock, prefunded warrants and warrants in connection with public offering, net - - 769 4 9,537 - 9,541 Issuance of common stock from the exercise of prefunded warrants, net - - 80 - 18 - 18 Issuance of common stock to consultant for services - - 5 - 120 - 120 Issuance of common stock to Series A preferred stockholders in lieu of cash dividends - - 1 - 8 ( 8 ) - Issuance of common stock under ATM, net - - 1 - 6 - 6 Stock-based compensation - - - - 629 - 629 Net loss - - - - - ( 9,515 ) ( 9,515 ) Balances at June 30, 2026 156 $ 1 1,170 $ 6 $ 258,352 $ ( 255,159 ) $ 3,200 Series A Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-in Accumulated Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Deficit Total Balances at April 1, 2025 156 $ 1 139 $ 1 $ 233,786 $ ( 239,738 ) $ ( 5,950 ) Issuance of common stock to Series A preferred stockholders in lieu of cash dividends - - - - 8 ( 8 ) - Issuance of common stock to consultant for services - - 1 - 47 - 47 Issuance of common stock in connection with settlement - - 1 - 69 - 69 Issuance of common stock and prefunded warrants in connection with private placement - - 159 1 13,047 - 13,048 Stock-based compensation - - - - 369 - 369 Net loss - - - - - ( 3,139 ) ( 3,139 ) Balances at June 30, 2025 156 $ 1 300 $ 2 $ 247,326 $ ( 242,885 ) $ 4,444 Series A Preferred Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-in Accumulated Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Deficit Total Balances at January 1, 2025 156 $ 1 137 $ 1 $ 233,235 $ ( 231,536 ) $ 1,701 Balance 156 $ 1 137 $ 1 $ 233,235 $ ( 231,536 ) $ 1,701 Issuance of common stock to Series A preferred stockholders in lieu of cash dividends - - - - 8 ( 8 ) - Issuance of common stock in connection with exercise of prefunded warrants - - 2 - 4 - 4 Issuance of common stock to consultant for services - - 1 - 93 - 93 Issuance of common stock in connection with settlement - - 1 - 69 - 69 Issuance of common stock and prefunded warrants in connection with private placement - - 159 1 13,047 - 13,048 Stock-based compensation - - - - 870 - 870 Net loss - - - - - ( 11,341 ) ( 11,341 ) Balances at June 30, 2025 156 $ 1 300 $ 2 $ 247,326 $ ( 242,885 ) $ 4,444 Balance 156 $ 1 300 $ 2 $ 247,326 $ ( 242,885 ) $ 4,444 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 3 ERNEXA THERAPEUTICS INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) (unaudited) 2026 2025 For the six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ ( 9,515 ) $ ( 11,341 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 17 35 Stock-based compensation 629 870 Amortization of right-of-use asset 113 89 Impairment of goodwill 2,044 - Issuance of common stock to consultant for services 120 93 Accrued interest expense - 22 Forward sales contract expense - 5,847 Issuance of common stock in connection with settlement - 69 Change in fair value of warrant liabilities - ( 1 ) Gain on extinguishment of contingent liability ( 41 ) - Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Other receivables 12 283 Prepaid expenses and other current assets ( 379 ) ( 137 ) Other non-current assets 85 1 Accounts payable and accrued expenses 365 ( 463 ) Operating lease liability ( 115 ) ( 91 ) Due from related party 750 - Due to related party ( 500 ) - Other liabilities ( 1 ) 127 Net cash used in operating activities ( 6,416 ) ( 4,597 ) Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment ( 5 ) - Cash used in investing activities ( 5 ) - Cash flows from financing activities: Gross proceeds received from the sale of common stock, prefunded warrants and Milestone Warrants in public offering 10,480 - Proceeds received from the issuance of common stock and prefunded warrants - 4,929 Fees related to public offering ( 939 ) - Proceeds received from notes payable - 2,250 Gross proceeds received from the exercise of prefunded warrants 20 4 Fee related to the exercise of prefunded warrants from public offering ( 2 ) - Issuance of common stock under ATM 6 - Net cash provided by financing activities 9,565 7,183 Net increase in cash 3,144 2,586 Cash at beginning of period 1,884 1,729 Cash at end of period $ 5,028 $ 4,315 Cash paid during the period for: Interest $ - $ 4 Income taxes $ - $ 3 Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: Offset of related party notes payable principal with related party receivable related to issuance of common stock and prefunded warrants $ - $ 2,250 Reclassification of forward sales contract to equity upon issuance of common stock $ - $ 5,847 Issuance of common stock to Series A preferred stockholders in lieu of cash dividends $ 8 $ 8 Remeasurement of ROU asset and lease liability $ 26 $ - The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 ERNEXA THERAPEUTICS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) 1. Description of Business and Basis of Presentation Description of Business Ernexa Therapeutics Inc. (the “Company”) is a preclinical-stage synthetic allogeneic iMSC therapy company. iMSCs are induced pluripotent stem cell (“iPSC”)-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The Company envisions a future where cell therapies powered by synthetic iMSCs can offer new options for patients with limited treatment paths and its mission is to transform the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disease by developing scalable, affordable, off-the-shelf cell therapies that restore hope. As used herein, the “Company” or “Ernexa” refers collectively to Ernexa and its consolidated subsidiaries (Ernexa TX2 Inc. and Novellus, Inc.) unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires. In March 2026, the Company dissolved Novellus Therapeutics Limited, which had no operations. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial statements and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the unaudited financial statements include all the normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read together with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 13, 2026. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 has been derived from the audited financial statements contained in the 2025 10-K but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be anticipated for the entire year ending December 31, 2026, or any other period. Reverse Stock Split As approved on March 27, 2026 by written consent from approximately 53.34 % of Company’s stockholders (the “Consenting Stockholders), on May 4, 2026, the Company effected a reverse stock split of its common stock at a ratio of 1-for-25 , as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors within the parameters approved by the Consenting Stockholders (the “Reverse Stock Split”). Upon the effectiveness of the Reverse Stock Split, every twenty-five shares of the issued and outstanding common stock were automatically combined and reclassified into one issued and outstanding share of common stock. The Reverse Stock Split did not alter the par value of the common stock, and the number of authorized shares of common stock remains unchanged at 150,000,000 shares. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split, and no cash or other consideration was paid in connection with any fractional shares. Stockholders who otherwise would have held a fractional share after giving effect to the Reverse Stock Split instead owned one whole share of the post-reverse stock split common stock. The Company issued an aggregate of 203 shares for rounding up fractional shares to whole shares. All share and per share data in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the Reverse Stock Split. 5 2. Liquidity and Capital Resources The Company has incurred significant operating losses and has an accumulated deficit as a result of its efforts to develop product candidates and provide general and administrative support for operations. As of June 30, 2026, the Company had a cash balance of approximately $ 5.0 million and an accumulated deficit of approximately $ 255.2 million. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company incurred a net loss of $ 4.0 million and $ 9.5 million, respectively, which includes a non-cash charge of $ 2.0 million for the impairment of goodwill during the six months ended June 30, 2026, and it used cash of $ 6.4 million in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2026. On February 10, 2026, the Company received approximately $ 9.5 million in net proceeds from a public offering (the “Public Offering”) of (i) 0.8 million shares of the Company’s common stock or pre-funded warrants and (ii) accompanying warrants to purchase 0.8 million shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Milestone Warrants”). See Note 8 for more information regarding the Public Offering. On March 13, 2026, the Company filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 with the SEC to offer and sell up to $ 50.0 million of its common stock from time to time in one or more offerings (the “Universal Shelf”), which became effective on March 30, 2026. The Universal Shelf includes a prospectus supplement providing for sales of up to $ 9.2 million of common stock pursuant to an At-the-Market (“ATM”) program. The Company is subject to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 (the “baby shelf” rules), which limits the aggregate market value of securities the Company may sell under the Universal Shelf to no more than one-third of its public float in any 12-month period while its public float remains below $ 75.0 million. As of the filing of the Universal Shelf, one-third of the Company’s public float was approximately $ 9.2 million, representing the maximum amount to be sold under the ATM. As of June 30, 2026, the Company has sold securities worth approximately $ 5,900 under the ATM, net of commissions. In connection with preparing the financial statement as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that are known and reasonably knowable that would raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. As of June 30, 2026, the Company had approximately $ 5.0 million in cash, which is less than that needed to effect its current operating plan and forecasted cash requirements for the next twelve months. However, management expects that its ability to access capital under its ATM will cover shortfalls in its cash resources over the next twelve months from the issuance date of these financial statements. Subsequent to the balance sheet date of June 30, 2026, the Company sold an additional 461,851 shares for net proceeds of $ 3.7 million in cash under the ATM. If the Company’s cash is not sufficient to meet future cash requirements, the Company may be required to reduce planned capital expenses, reduce operational cash uses or raise capital on terms that are not as favorable to the Company as they otherwise might be. Any actions the Company may undertake to reduce planned capital purchases or reduce expenses may be insufficient to cover shortfalls in available funds. If the Company requires additional capital, it may be unable to secure additional financing on terms that are acceptable to the Company, or at all. 3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between willing market participants. A fair value hierarchy has been established for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows: ● Level 1 Inputs – Valued based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. ● Level 2 Inputs – Valued based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (such as interest rates, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit risks, etc.) or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data by correlation or other means. ● Level 3 Inputs – Valued based on inputs for which there is little or no market value, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions. 6 The carrying amounts reported on the balance sheet for cash, other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses, other current liabilities and other liabilities approximate fair value based due to their short maturities. The Company issued 914 warrants in connection with a private placement during the first quarter of 2022 (the “Q1-22 warrants”), which were determined to be classified as a liability. The Company has also recorded a three-year contingent consideration liability related to an asset acquisition in April 2023, the obligation of which terminated in April 2026. The Company used a Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of the Q1-22 warrant liabilities and a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration liability , both of which are considered a Level 3 fair value measurement. The Company remeasures these liabilities at each reporting period and recognizes changes in their respective fair value in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations. In connection with the 2025 SPA (as defined in Note 8) that the Company entered into on March 31, 2025, the Company recorded a forward sales contract liability at fair value and recognized $ 5.3 million of expense during the three months ended March 31, 2025 b ecause the fair value of the expected shares to be purchased by the investors exceeded the proceeds under the 2025 SPA . The Company determined the expense related to the forward sales contract as of March 31, 2025 by taking the difference between (i) the fair value of the expected shares to be purchased by the investors as of the March 31, 2025 date the Company entered into the 2025 SPA and (ii) the discounted purchase price of the shares . The forward sales contract liability was remeasured at fair value at each reporting date or immediately prior to settlement, with changes in fair value recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Upon settlement, the liability was reclassified as a component of stockholders’ equity. The 2025 SPA closed during the second quarter of 2025, and as a result, there was no SPA liability remaining as of June 30, 2026 or December 31, 2025. The following table summarizes the liabilities that are measured at fair value as of June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in thousands): Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value Description Level June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Liabilities: Contingent consideration 3 $ - $ 41 Liability fair value disclosure 3 $ - $ 41 Certain inputs used in Black-Scholes and Monte Carlo models may fluctuate in future periods based upon factors that are outside of the Company’s control. A significant change in one or more of these inputs used in the calculation of the fair value may cause a significant change to the fair value of the Company’s warrant liabilities or contingent consideration liabilities, which could also result in material non-cash gains or losses being reported in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations. The Company remeasured the fair value of the Q1-22 warrants at June 30, 2026, and the result of the remeasurement was de minimis. The Company assessed the fair value of the contingent consideration liability at each reporting period through March 31, 2026 and determined that there were no material changes to the remeasurement that would have resulted in a material change to the liability. The obligation under the contingent consideration liability terminated in April 2026. Therefore, the Company reversed the liability and recognized a gain in the statement of operations of $ 41,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026. 7 4. Goodwill The Company recorded goodwill in the amount of $ 2.0 million related to a 2018 acquisition that was accounted for as a business combination. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if the Company becomes aware of any events occurring or changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of the entity is less than its carrying value. The Company performed an assessment as of March 31, 2026, and based on that assessment, the Company was unable to conclude that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the entity exceeded its carrying value as of such date. As a result, the Company performed a step-one quantitative assessment and concluded that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than the carrying value as of March 31, 2026, and the goodwill was considered fully impaired. Therefore, the Company recognized an impairment charge for $ 2.0 million in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations during the six months ended June 30, 2026. There was no impairment charge for the three months ended June 30, 2026. As of June 30, 2026, there was no goodwill balance. 5. Accrued Expenses Accrued expenses at June 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025 consisted of the following (in thousands): Schedule of Accrued Expenses June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Study Fees $ 527 $ 156 Accrued compensation 12 12 Professional fees 117 150 Other 360 580 Total accrued expenses $ 1,016 $ 898 6. Operating Leases As of June 30, 2026, the Company had an operating lease for an office in Cambridge, Massachusetts (the “Cambridge Lease”), which expires in 2028. The Company also leased an office in the Borough of Manhattan in New York, New York (the “Manhattan Office”), which was to expire in January 2027, and was subleasing the Manhattan Office to a sublessee. The sublease was to expire in October 2026. On February 16, 2026, the Company entered into a sublease termination agreement with the sublessee of the Manhattan Office effective March 13, 2026. Pursuant to the sublease termination agreement, the sublessee agreed to surrender and vacate the premises in exchange for a termination payment of approximately $ 60,000 , which represented the remaining sublease payments through October 2026. As a result, the Company recognized a gain for the sublease termination of approximately $ 56,000 , which is included in general and administrative expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026. On February 18, 2026, the Company entered into a lease termination agreement with the lessor of the Manhattan Office effective March 13, 2026. Pursuant to the lease termination agreement, the Company agreed to surrender and vacate the premises in exchange for a termination payment of approximately $ 72,000 to the lessor. The lease termination agreement was accounted for as a modification to the Manhattan Office lease rather than as a lease termination because the Company did not contemporaneously terminate the Manhattan Office lease upon the February 18, 2026 modification date and had a continued right-of-use of the facility through March 13, 2026. As a result, the Company remeasured the remaining lease payments, including the $ 72,000 termination fee, and reduced the lease liability the Company had on its balance sheet at the time of the modification by approximately $ 26,000 to the present value of the remeasured lease liability of approximately $ 79,000 . For a lease modification that is not accounted for as a separate contract, a lessee recognizes the amount of the remeasured lease liability as an adjustment to the corresponding right-of-use (“ROU”) asset without affecting profit or loss. As a result, the Company reduced the ROU asset by approximately $ 26,000 to approximately $ 31,000 , which was amortized through March 13, 2026. As of June 30, 2026, there was no lease liability or ROU asset for the Manhattan Office remaining. 8 For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the net operating lease expenses were as follows (in thousands): Schedule of Net Operating Lease Expense 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Operating lease expense $ 43 $ 68 $ 132 $ 135 Sublease income - ( 21 ) ( 14 ) ( 42 ) Gain on sublease termination - - ( 56 ) - Variable lease expense 1 7 1 13 Total lease expense $ 44 $ 54 $ 63 $ 106 The tables below show the beginning balances of the operating ROU assets and lease liabilities as of January 1, 2026 and the ending balances as of June 30, 2026, including the changes during the period (in thousands). Schedule of Operating Lease Right-of-use Assets and Liabilities Operating Lease ROU Assets Operating lease ROU assets at January 1, 2026 $ 453 Remeasurement of ROU asset ( 26 ) Amortization of operating lease ROU assets ( 113 ) Operating lease ROU assets at June 30, 2026 $ 314 Operating Lease Liabilities Operating lease liabilities at January 1, 2026 $ 490 Remeasurement of lease liability ( 26 ) Principal payments on operating lease liabilities ( 115 ) Operating lease liabilities at June 30, 2026 349 Less non-current portion ( 182 ) Current portion at June 30, 2026 $ 167 As of June 30, 2026, the Company’s operating lease had a remaining life of 2.0 years with a discount rate of 9.08 %. The maturities of the operating lease liability are as follows (in thousands): Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities As of June 30, 2026 2026 $ 95 2027 190 2028 95 Total payments 380 Less imputed interest ( 31 ) Total operating lease liabilities $ 349 7. Stock-Based Compensation Stock Options During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company granted options to purchase the number of shares of the Company’s common stock set forth in the table below (in thousands): Schedule of Stock Option Granted 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, 2026 2025 Stock options granted 5 0 2026 2025 Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 Stock options granted 13 5 9 The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense for stock options granted to employees, directors and certain consultants. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of stock options granted is recognized as expense over the requisite service period on a straight-lined basis. The following weighted-average assumptions were used for stock options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025: Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions Used for Stock Options Granted 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Weighted average risk-free rate 4.44 % 3.91 % 4.15 % 4.40 % Weighted average volatility 130.33 % 109.87 % 125.98 % 116.43 % Dividend yield 0.00 % 0.00 % 0.00 % 0.00 % Expected term 9.90 years 10.0 years 9.24 years 6.36 years The per-share weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 were as follows: Schedule of Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value of Stock Options 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Weighted average grant date fair value $ 10.14 $ 5.08 $ 9.94 $ 7.12 Vesting of all stock options is subject to continuous service with the Company through the applicable vesting date. As of June 30, 2026, there were approximately 27,000 shares of the Company’s common stock subject to outstanding stock options. Restricted Stock Units The Company recognizes the fair value of RSUs as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. For performance-based RSUs, the Company begins recognizing the expense once the achievement of the related performance goal is determined to be probable. Outstanding RSUs are settled in an equal number of shares of common stock on the vesting date of the award. An RSU award is settled only to the extent vested. Vesting generally requires continued employment or service by the award recipient through the applicable vesting date. Because RSUs are settled in an equal number of shares of common stock without any offsetting payment by the recipient, the measurement of cost is based on the quoted market price of the stock at the measurement date, which is the grant date. In lieu of paying cash to satisfy withholding taxes due upon the settlement of vested RSUs, at the Company’s discretion, an employee may elect to have shares of common stock withheld that would otherwise be issued at settlement, the value of which is equal to the amount of withholding taxes payable. No RSUs vested during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. The Company did no t grant RSUs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, and as of June 30, 2026, there were no RSUs outstanding. 10 Stock-Based Compensation Expense For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense as follows (in thousands): Schedule of Stock-based Compensation Expense 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Research and development $ 20 $ 15 $ 33 $ 31 General and administrative 300 353 596 839 Total $ 320 $ 368 $ 629 $ 870 8. Equity Transactions 2026 Public Offering On February 6, 2026, the Company entered into a placement agency agreement (the “Placement Agency Agreement”) with Brookline Capital Markets, a division of Arcadia Securities, LLC (“Brookline” or the “Placement Agent”), pursuant to which the Company engaged the Placement Agent for the 2026 Offering, which included the public offering of (i) 0.8 million shares of the Company’s common stock (or pre-funded warrants in lieu of common stock) and accompanying Milestone Warrants to purchase 0.8 million shares of common stock, at a combined offering price of $ 12.50 per share of common stock and accompanying Milestone Warrant (or $ 12.25 per pre-funded warrant and accompanying Milestone Warrant). In connection with the Public Offering, the Company also entered into a securities purchase agreement (each, a “Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors who purchased common stock and Milestone Warrants in the Public Offering. The pre-funded warrants were immediately exercisable (subject to certain ownership limitations) had an exercise price of $ 0.25 per share and did not expire until exercised in full. On February 11, 2026 and February 18, 2026, the Company issued approximately 53,000 and 27,000 shares of common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercise of the pre-funded warrants, for a total exercise price of approximately $ 20,000 . There are no remaining pre-funded warrants outstanding related to the Public Offering. The Milestone Warrants are tradeable on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ERNAW.” The Milestone Warrants are immediately exercisable (subject to certain ownership limitations), have an exercise price of $ 17.00 per share, and expire on the earlier of (i) the five-year anniversary of the original issuance date or (ii) the 180 th calendar day following the public release by the Company of clinical trial data from the first cohort of the Phase 1 study of ERNA-101. Pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement, the Company paid the Placement Agent an aggregate cash fee of approximately $ 0.5 million, which was equal to 6.5% of the aggregate purchase price paid by investors in the Offering (or 1.5% with respect to certain existing investors). The Company will also pay the Placement Agent a cash fee as compensation for gross proceeds the Company receives from any exercise of any Milestone Warrants sold in connection with the Public Offering, payable quarterly on each January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 following the closing of the Public Offering (or the following business day if such day is not a business day), at the same percentage and as calculated in the manner as set forth above. The Company also issued approximately 9,000 shares of Common Stock to the Placement Agent (the “Agent’s Shares”), which was equal to 1.5% of the aggregate number of Shares and pre-funded warrants sold in the Public Offering (or 0.5% with respect to sales to certain existing investors). In addition, the Company reimbursed the Placement Agent for its accountable offering-related legal expenses in an amount of $ 125,000 . The Public Offering closed on February 10, 2026, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $ 10.5 million before deducting Placement Agent fees and other offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company is using the net proceeds from the Public Offering to support the advancement of its development programs and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Placement Agency Agreement and the Purchase Agreements contain customary representations, warranties and agreements by the Company, customary conditions to closing, indemnification obligations of the Company, the Placement Agent, or the investors, as the case may be, and other obligations of the parties. 11 Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreements and the Placement Agency Agreement, the Company has agreed that for a period of ninety (90) days from the closing of the Public Offering, that neither the Company nor any subsidiary may (i) issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of common stock or common stock equivalents or (ii) file any registration statement or prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, in each case, subject to certain exceptions, unless waived by the Placement Agent. The Company has also agreed not to effect or enter into an agreement to effect any issuance of common stock or common stock equivalents involving a Variable Rate Transaction, as defined in the Purchase Agreements, for a period of ninety (90) days following the closing of the Public Offering, subject to certain exceptions, unless waived by the Placement Agent. In addition, as part of the Purchase Agreement, subject to certain exceptions, the Company’s officers and directors entered into lock-up agreements, pursuant to which they agreed not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of the Common Stock for a period of ninety (90) days following the date of closing of the Public Offering. Universal Shelf and ATM On March 13, 2026, the Company filed the Universal Shelf to offer and sell up to $ 50.0 million of its common stock from time to time in one or more offerings, which became effective on March 30, 2026. The Universal Shelf includes a prospectus supplement providing for sales of up to $ 9.2 million of common stock pursuant to an ATM program under a sales agent agreement the Company entered into with Brookline. The Company is subject to the “baby shelf” rules, which limits the aggregate market value of securities the Company may sell under the Universal Shelf to no more than one-third of its public float in any 12-month period while its public float remains below $ 75.0 million. As of the filing of the Universal Shelf, one-third of the Company’s public float was approximately $ 9.2 million, representing the maximum amount to be sold under the ATM. As of June 30, 2026, the Company has sold securities for net proceeds of approximately $6 thousand under the ATM. 2025 Private Placement On March 31, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “2025 SPA”) with certain accredited investors to sell in a private placement an aggregate of approximately 185,000 shares of common stock at a purchase price of $ 39.23 per share, or pre-funded warrants in lieu of common stock at a purchase price of $ 37.35 per pre-funded warrant (the “2025 Private Placement”). The pre-funded warrants will be exercisable until exercised in full at a nominal exercise of $ 1.88 per share of the Company’s outstanding common stock, subject to certain ownership limitations. The 2025 SPA represented a forward sale contract obligating the Company to sell a fixed number of shares of its common stock at a fixed price per share and contained an adjustment to the settlement amount based on shareholder approval, which is not an input into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed forward on equity shares. The Company measured the fair value of the forward sale contract as the difference between (i) the fair value of the expected shares to be purchased by the investors as of the date the Company entered into the 2025 SPA and (ii) the discounted purchase price of the shares and recorded a liability of approximately $ 5.3 million at the contract inception date. The Company also recognized a corresponding $ 5.3 million charge to expense on the contract inception date because the fair value of the expected shares to be purchased by the investors exceeded the expected proceeds under the 2025 SPA. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company sold the following shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants under the 2025 SPA (in thousands), and the Private Placement closed during the second quarter of 2025: Schedule of Common Stock and Pre-funded Warrants Date Common Stock Pre-funded Warrants Gross Proceeds April 2, 2025 27 1 $ 28 June 9, 2025 127 25 152 June 27, 2025 5 - 5 159 26 $ 185 12 Warrants As of June 30, 2026, the Company had the following warrants outstanding: Schedule of Warrants Outstanding Warrants Outstanding Exercise Price Expiration Date Classification Q1-22 Warrants 914 $ 14,329.47 09/09/27 Liability December 2022 Warrants 377 $ 537.26 06/02/28 Equity Milestone Warrants 840,000 $ 17.00 - * Equity Prefunded warrants 15,014 $ 1.88 None Equity 856,305 * The Milestone Warrants expire the earlier of (i) the five-year anniversary of the original issuance date or (ii) the 180 th calendar day following the public release by the Company of clinical trial data from the first cohort of the Phase 1 study of ERNA-101. As of June 30, 2026, the weighted average remaining contractual life of expiring warrants outstanding was 4.61 years and the weighted average exercise price for the expiring warrants was $ 32.78 . The following table shows the warrant activity from January 1, 2026 through June 30, 2026: Schedule of Warrants Activity Outstanding January 1, 2026 Granted Exercised Outstanding June 30, 2026 Q1-22 Warrants 914 - - 914 December 2022 Warrants 377 - - 377 Milestone Warrants - 840,000 - 840,000 Prefunded warrants 15,320 80,000 ( 80,306 ) 15,014 Total 16,611 920,000 ( 80,306 ) 856,305 On February 11, 2026 and February 18, 2026, the Company issued approximately 53,000 and 27,000 shares of common stock, respectively, in connection with the exercise of the pre-funded warrants from the Public Offering, for a total exercise price of approximately $ 20,000 . There are no remaining pre-funded warrants outstanding related to the Public Offering. Stock Repurchase Program In November 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program (the “Repurchase Program”) of up to $ 1.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common stock. Under the Repurchase Program, the repurchases may be made by the Company from time to time through open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or other means in accordance with applicable securities laws. The timing and amount of repurchases will be determined by the Company, taking into consideration market conditions, stock price, and other factors. The Repurchase Program does not have a set expiration date and may be suspended, modified or discontinued at any time without prior notice. The Company did no t repurchase any of its shares under the Repurchase Program during the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. 9. Net Loss Per Share The Company calculates basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, including the weighted average effect of prefunded warrants, and without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding, including the weighted average effect of the prefunded warrants, plus dilutive securities. Shares of common stock issuable upon exercise, conversion or vesting of stock options, restricted stock units, warrants and the outstanding Series A convertible preferred stock are considered potential shares of common stock and are included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share using the treasury method when their effect is dilutive. Diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share for periods in which the effect of potentially dilutive shares of common stock is antidilutive. 13 The following table presents the number of shares subject to outstanding stock options, warrants, and Series A convertible preferred stock that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share of common stock for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, as their effect was anti-dilutive: Schedule of Securities Excluded from the Computation of Diluted Net Loss per Common Stock 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Stock options 26 12 47 12 Warrants 841 1 841 1 Preferred stock converted into common stock 1 - 2 - Total potential common shares excluded from computation 868 13 890 13 10. Commitments and Contingencies Litigation Matters The Company is involved in litigation and arbitrations from time to time in the ordinary course of business. Legal fees and other costs associated with such actions are expensed as incurred. In addition, the Company assesses the need to record a liability for litigation and contingencies. The Company reserves for costs relating to these matters when a loss is probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company is not currently party to any material legal proceedings. Licensing Agreements The Company has an exclusive license and collaboration agreement (“the Factor L&C Agreement”) with Factor Bioscience Limited (“Factor Limited”), which was effective September 24, 2024 (the “Effective Date”). Under the Factor L&C Agreement, the Company has obtained exclusive licenses in the fields of cancer, autoimmune disorders, and rare diseases with respect to certain licensed technology and has the right to develop the licensed technology directly or enter into co-development agreements with partners who can help bring such technology to market. The Factor L&C Agreement also provides for certain services and materials to be provided by Factor Bioscience to facilitate the development of the licensed technology and to enable the Company to scale up production at third party facilities. The initial term of the Factor L&C Agreement was one year after the Effective Date, and it automatically renews yearly thereafter. The Company may terminate the Factor L&C Agreement for any reason upon 90 days’ written notice to Factor Bioscience, and the parties otherwise have customary termination rights, including in connection with certain uncured material breaches and specified bankruptcy events. Pursuant to the Factor L&C Agreement, the Company paid Factor Bioscience approximately $ 0.2 million per month for the first twelve months from the Effective Date and approximately $ 0.1 million per month for the first nine months from the Effective Date toward patent costs. The Company will also pay certain milestone payments, royalty payments on net sales of commercialized products and sublicensing fee payments, when applicable. Contingent Consideration The Company previously recorded a three-year contingent consideration liability related to an asset acquisition in April 2023. If during the three-year period since April 26, 2023, the Company’s market cap equals or exceeds $100 million for at least ten consecutive trading days, then the Company will issue to the seller shares of the Company’s common stock equal to (a) $2.0 million divided by (b) the quotient of $100 million divided by the Company’s then issued and outstanding shares of common stock. If during that three-year period, the Company’s market cap equals or exceeds $200 million for at least ten consecutive trading days, then the Company will issue to the seller additional shares of the Company’s common stock equal to (a) $2.0 million divided by (b) the quotient of $200 million dividend by the number of the Company’s then issued and outstanding shares of common stock. The contingent consideration obligation expired on April 26, 2026, and as a result, the Company reversed the contingent consideration liability and recognize a gain of approximately $ 41,000 in the statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026. 14 Retirement Savings Plan The Company offers to its eligible employees a defined contribution plan, organized under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, through its co-employment arrangement with its professional employer organization (“PEO”). Under this arrangement, the PEO serves as the plan sponsor and administrator. Eligible employees may defer up to 100 % of their annual compensation or a specific amount imposed by the Internal Revenue Service, whichever is less. The Company matches employees’ contributions at a rate of 100 % of the first 3 % of the employee’s contribution and 50 % of the next 2 % of the employee’s contribution, for a maximum Company match of 4 %. 11. Related Party Transactions Recent Financings Investors who participated in the Public Offering and the 2025 Private Placement included Charles Cherington. Mr. Cherington participated in the applicable financing under the same terms and subject to the same conditions as all the other investors. Mr. Cherington served on the Company’s board of directors from March 2021 to July 6, 2023. As of June 30, 2026, Mr. Cherington owned approximately 23 % of the Company’s outstanding common stock. March 2025 Promissory Notes On March 11, 2025, the Company received $ 1.5 million for the issuance of a promissory note in the principal amount of $ 1.5 million to Mr. Cherington, and on March 21, 2025 the Company received $ 0.8 million for the issuance of a second promissory note in the principal amount of $ 0.8 million to Mr. Cherington. The promissory notes had a maturity date of the earlier of (i) June 15, 2025 or (ii) upon us receiving $ 5 million in gross proceeds from a subsequent capital raise. Each of the promissory notes accrued interest at a rate of 5.0 % per annum, payable at maturity. Upon issuance of the notes, Mr. Cherington owned approximately 32 % of our outstanding common stock and currently owns approximately 23 % of our outstanding common stock. As a result of completing the 2025 Private Placement, the Company repaid the outstanding principal plus accrued interest on the notes in full in the aggregate amount of $ 2.3 million, and as of June 30, 2026, there were no outstanding balances on the notes. 12. Segment Reporting The Company operates within a single 1 reportable operating segment, the research and development of cellular therapies. The Company has identified its president and chief executive officer as its chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), who regularly reviews the Company’s performance and allocates resources based on information reported at the consolidated entity level. The CODM uses consolidated net loss as a measure of profit and loss and assesses Company performance through the achievement of its business strategy goals. The CODM is regularly provided with forecasted expense information that is used to determine the Company’s liquidity needs and cash allocation to execute its business strategy, and he uses cash as a measure of segment assets in managing the Company. The Company operates in the United States, and all of its assets are located in the United States. The table below provides a breakdown of the Company’s significant operating expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, with a reconciliation to net loss for each of those years. 15 The Company had no revenue or cost of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 or June 30, 2025. Depreciation and amortization expense was less than $ 0.1 million for each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025. During the three and six months ended June 30,2025, the Company recognized $ 0.5 million and $ 5.9 million, respectively in other expense related to the forward sales contract liability under the 2025 SPA. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, there were no such expenses. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, the Company recognized $ 55,000 and $ 99,000 , respectively in interest income. Schedule of Breakdown of Significant Operating Expenses 2026 2025 2026 2025 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2026 2025 2026 2025 Operating expenses: Research and development by significant expense: Study fees $ 2,008 $ 60 $ 3,275 $ 412 Payroll and related 359 114 595 211 Professional fees 173 202 337 358 MSA/license fees 131 663 200 1,300 Other 1 121 97 300 164 Research and development 2,792 1,136 4,707 2,445 General and administrative by significant expense: Payroll and related 2 421 428 1,223 821 Professional fees 2 391 440 838 826 Stock-based compensation 300 353 596 839 Other 2 200 144 286 300 General and administrative 1,312 1,365 2,943 2,786 Impairment of goodwill - - 2,044 - Total operating expenses 4,104 2,501 9,694 5,231 Loss from operations ( 4,104 ) ( 2,501 ) ( 9,694 ) ( 5,231 ) Forward sales contract expense - ( 512 ) - ( 5,847 ) Change in fair value of warrant liabilities - - - 1 Interest income (expense), net 55 - 99 5 Gain on extinguishment of contingent liability 41 - 41 - Other expense, net ( 1 ) ( 123 ) ( 1 ) ( 258 ) Total other income (expense), net 95 ( 635 ) 139 ( 6,099 ) Loss before income taxes ( 4,009 ) ( 3,136 ) ( 9,555 ) ( 11,330 ) Benefit (provision) for income taxes - ( 3 ) 40 ( 11 ) Net loss $ ( 4,009 ) $ ( 3,139 ) $ ( 9,515 ) $ ( 11,341 ) June 30, 2026 December 31, 2025 Cash $ 5,028 $ 1,884 1 Other includes certain lab supply expenses, travel expenses, stock-based compensation, allocated occupancy costs, and depreciation. 2 Other includes expenses related to insurance, occupancy expense, information technology, travel, depreciation and other miscellaneous expenses. 13. Recent Accounting Pronouncements No new Accounting Standards Updates have been issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board since January 1, 2026 that would apply to the Company and were not disclosed in the 2025 10-K. 14. Subsequent Events On July 15, 2026, the Company sold 461,851 shares of common stock for proceeds of $ 3.7 million, net of commissions, under the ATM (See Note 8). 16