DYNARESOURCE, INC. 10-K

ITEM 1. BUSINESS History and Organization The Company is a minerals investment, management, and exploration company, and currently conducting test mining and pilot milling operations through an operating subsidiary in México, with specific focus on precious and base metals in México. The Company was originally incorporated in the State of California on September 28, 1937, under the name West Coast Mines, Inc. In November 1998, the Company re-domiciled from California to Delaware and changed its name to DynaResource, Inc. (“DynaUSA”). DynaUSA currently owns 80% of the outstanding shares of DynaMéxico, and DynaMéxico currently holds 20% of the outstanding shares of DynaMéxico as treasury stock. DynaMéxico owns 100% of the mining concessions, equipment, camp and related facilities which comprise the San Jose de Gracía Property (“SJG”), in northern Sinaloa State, México. We also own 100% of Mineras de DynaResource S.A. de C.V. (“DynaMineras”). The Company also has another wholly owned subsidiary, DynaResource Operaciones, S.A. de C.V. (“DynaOperaciones”). The Company currently conducts test mining and pilot milling operations, and other exploration activities in México. Segment Information Our only current operating segment is gold mining and milling operation. Products The end use product produced at our test mining and pilot milling operations at SJG is in the form of gold-silver concentrates. Gold-silver concentrates, or simply concentrate, is raw precious metals materials that has been crushed and ground finely to a sand-like product where gangue (waste) and non-precious metals are removed or reduced, thus concentrating the precious metals component. Concentrates processed and produced from San Jose de Gracía are shipped to third-party smelters, refineries or third parties for further processing or re-sale. During 2021, we reported the delivery and sale of 22,566 (subject to final settlements) net Oz gold contained in concentrates. All gold-silver concentrate originated from the San Jose de Gracía Property in México. Gold-silver concentrates are sold at a small discount to the prevailing spot market price, based on the price per ounce of gold and silver quoted at the London PM fix, with the actual net precious metals prices received depending on the sales contract. Concentrates are priced by individual concentrate lots of 36 to 72 tons, or as a series of lots under contract, whereby the final selling price and gold-silver quantities are subject to final adjustments at the time of final purchase settlement. Gold and Silver Pilot Processing Methods Gold and silver are extracted from mined mineralized material, by crushing, grinding, milling, and further by simple gravity and flotation recoveries. The mineralized material is extracted by underground mining methods. The processing plant at the San José de Gracía mine is composed of conventional crushing and grinding circuits, and with gravity and flotation recovery methods. The gravity and flotation concentrates are dewatered and shipped to purchasers in semi-truck trailers. Gold and Silver Reserves / No Known Reserves The Company currently has no mineral “reserves” as defined by SEC Industry Guide 7 promulgated by the SEC. General Government Regulations México Mining in México is subject to numerous federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances governing mineral rights, operations and environmental protection. Mineral Concession Rights. Exploration and exploitation of minerals in México may be carried out through Mexican companies incorporated under Mexican law by means of obtaining mining concessions. Mining concessions are granted by the Mexican government for a period of fifty years from the date of their recording in the Public Registry of Mining and are renewable for a further period of fifty years upon application within five years prior to the expiration of such concession in accordance with the Mining Law and its regulations. Mining concessions are subject to annual work requirements and payment of annual surface taxes which are assessed and levied on a semi-annual basis. Such concessions may be transferred or assigned by their holders, but such transfers or assignments must be registered with the Public Registry of Mining in order to be valid against third parties. The holder of a concession must pay semi-annual duties in January and July of each year on a per hectare basis and in accordance with the amounts provided by the Federal Fees Law. During the month of May of each year, the concessionaire must file with the General Bureau of Mines, the work assessment reports made on each concession or group of concessions for the preceding calendar year. The regulations of the Mining Law provide tables containing the minimum investment amounts that must be made on a concession. This amount is updated annually in accordance with the changes in the Consumer Price Index. 4 Table of Contents Surface Rights. In México, while mineral rights are administered by the federal government through federally issued mining concessions, Ejidos (communal owners of land recognized by the federal laws in México) control surface access rights to the land. An Ejido may sell or lease lands directly to a private entity. While the Company has agreements or is in the process of negotiating agreements with the Ejido that impact all of its projects in México, some of these agreements may be subject to renegotiations. Environmental Law. The Environmental Law in México, called the "General Law of Ecological Balance and Protection to the Environment" ("General Law"), provides for general environmental policies, with specific requirements for certain activities such as exploration set forth in regulations called "Mexican official norms". Responsibility for enforcement of the General Law, the regulations and the Mexican official norms is with the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, which regulate all environmental matters with the assistance of Procuraduria Federal de Protección al Ambiente (known as "PROFEPA"). 2020 Forestry Law. The 2020 Forestry Law provides for general policies for the use and protection of the surface, and for plants, soil and trees. The regulation of the Forestry Law is with the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, with the assistance of PROFEPA. Residues Law. The Residues Law, also known as Norm 141, provides for general policies for the deposit and storage of residue and waste. The regulation of the Residues Law is with the Ministry Of Environment and Natural Resources, with the assistance of PROFEPA. The primary laws and regulations used by the State of Sinaloa, where our San Jose de Gracía property is located, in order to govern environmental protection for mining and exploration are: The General Law, the 2020 Forestry Law, Residues Law, as well as their specific regulations on air, water and residues, and the Mexican official norms (known as "NOM-120"). In order to comply with the environmental regulations, a concessionaire must obtain a series of permits during the exploitation and exploration stage. The time required to obtain the required permits is dependent on a few factors including the type of vegetation and trees impacted by proposed activities. Mining Permits. The Secretariat of Environmental and Natural Resources, the Mexican Government environmental authority ("SEMARNAT"), is responsible for issuing environmental permits associated with mining. Three main permits required before construction can begin are: Environmental Impact Statement (known in México as Manifesto Impacto Ambiental ) ("MIA"), Land Use Change (known in México as Estudio Justificativo Para Cambio Uso Sueldo ) ("ETJ"), and Risk Analysis (known in México as Analisis de Riesgo ) ("RA"). A construction permit is required from the local municipality and an archaeological release letter must be obtained from the National Institute of Anthropology and History (known as "INAH"). An explosives permit is required from the ministry of defense before construction can begin. The Environmental Impact Statement is required to be prepared by a third-party contractor and submitted to SEMARNAT and must include a detailed analysis of climate, air quality, water, soil, vegetation, wildlife, cultural resources and socio-economic impacts. The Risk Analysis study (which is included into the Environmental Impact Statement and submitted as one complete document) identifies potential environmental releases of hazardous substances and evaluates the risks in order to establish methods to prevent, respond to, and control environmental emergencies. The Land Use Change requires that an evaluation be made of the existing conditions of the land, including a plant and wildlife study, an evaluation of the current and proposed use of the land, impacts to naturally occurring resources, and an evaluation of reclamation/re-vegetation plans. Customers The Company sells its concentrates to the buyer who offers the best terms based upon price, treatment costs, refining costs, and other terms of payment. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company sold gold-silver concentrates to three purchasers. Employees As of December 31, 2021, we had 186 employees, including 181 employees based in México, and 5 in the United States. Consultants are retained from time to time. Employees based in México and the United States include laborers, engineers, geologists, information technologists, office administrators, managers and executives. None of our employees in México are covered by union contracts and the Company believes we have good relations with our employees. 5 Table of Contents ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS Not applicable for smaller reporting companies. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None.