Item 1. Business
Item 1. Business.
Corporate Overview
We
are a robotics company developing advanced robotics and drone-based systems. Our advanced robotic system enables remote, real-time, pinpoint
accurate firing of small arms and light weapons that can achieve pinpoint accuracy regardless of the movement of the weapons platform
or the target. We also introduced an insulator cleaning drone, which is a drone technology for conducting routine maintenance of critical
infrastructure for cleaning electric utility cable insulators.
We
were founded in 2014 as Unlimited Aerial Systems, LLP (“UAS LLP”), and until the consummation of the Share Exchange Agreement
(as hereinafter defined), we were a developer and manufacturer of commercial unmanned aerial systems, or drones, intending to provide
a superior Quadrotor aerial platform at an affordable price point in the law enforcement and first responder markets.
On
March 9, 2020, we closed on the Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”), under which Duke Robotics, Inc.,
a Delaware corporation (“Duke Inc.”) became our majority-owned subsidiary (the “Share Exchange”). Such closing
date is referred to as the “Effective Time.” As a result of the Share Exchange, the Company adopted the business plan of Duke
Inc.
On
April 29, 2020, we, Duke Inc., and UAS Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary (“UAS Sub”),
executed an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), under which UAS Sub was to merge, upon the satisfaction
of customary closing conditions, with and into Duke Inc., with Duke Inc. surviving as our wholly-owned subsidiary (the “Short-Form
Merger”). Under the Merger Agreement, we intended to acquire the remaining outstanding shares of Duke Inc. held by those certain
Duke Inc. shareholders who did not participate in the Share Exchange. On June 25, 2020, Duke Inc. filed a Certificate of Merger with the
State of Delaware, and consequently, Duke Inc. became our wholly-owned subsidiary and the Short-Form Merger was consummated.
On
January 29, 2021, we, through Duke Airborne Systems Ltd. (“Duke Israel”), and Elbit Systems Land Ltd., an Israeli corporation
(“Elbit”), entered into a collaboration agreement (the “Collaboration Agreement”) for the global marketing and
sales, and the production and further development of our developed advanced robotic system mounted on a UAS, armed with lightweight firearms,
which we market under the commercial name “TIKAD.”
On
August 15, 2022, Duke Israel introduced the Insulator Cleaning (“IC”) Drone, a drone technology for conducting routine maintenance
of critical infrastructure, and has signed an agreement with Israel Electric Corporation (the “IEC”) to provide drone-enabled
systems for cleaning electric utility cable insulators. During October 2023, we completed our obligations under the agreement with
the IEC. This was followed in August 2024, by a new agreement with the IEC to utilize our innovative IC Drone system for cleaning electric
utility cable insulators.
Duke
Inc. has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Duke Israel, which was formed under the laws of the State of Israel in March 2014 and became the sole
subsidiary of Duke Inc. after its incorporation. Our mailing address is 10 HaRimon Street, Mevo Carmel Science and Industrial Park, Israel
2069203, and our telephone number is 011-972-4-8124101. Our website address is https://dukeroboticsys.com/.
Effective
as of October 22, 2020, our Common Stock began to be quoted on the OTCQB tier Venture Market, under the symbol “USDR”.
On
October 28, 2024, we filed a certificate of amendment (the “Certificate of Amendment”) to our Articles of Incorporation with
the Nevada Secretary of State to change the Company’s corporate name from UAS Drone Corp. to DUKE Robotics Corp. effective as of
November 4, 2024.
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In
connection with the Certificate of Amendment, we also filed an issuer notification form with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority
(“FINRA”) reflecting our name change and requesting a change in our trading symbol from “USDR” to “DUKR”.
Effective as of market open on Monday, November 4, 2024, the name changed to DUKE Robotics Corp. and the transition of our OTCQB ticker
symbol from “USDR” to “DUKR” took effect.
On
February 18, 2025, we announced that we established Duke Robotics Hellas M I.K.E (“Duke Greece”), a wholly owned subsidiary,
formed under the laws of Greece.
Company Overview
Until the consummation of
the Share Exchange, we were a developer and manufacturer of commercial unmanned aerial systems, or drones, with the goal of providing
a superior Quadrotor aerial platform at an affordable price point in the law enforcement and first responder markets. Following the Share
Exchange, we adopted the business plan of Duke. Duke is a robotics company dedicated to the development of an advanced robotics stabilization
system that enables remote, real-time, pinpoint accurate firing of small arms and light weapons as well as other civilian applications
with an emphasis on the field of infrastructure maintenance.
Although
the first product has been designed to be used by an Unmanned Aerial System (a “UAS”), the robotic solutions are also adaptable
to other military vehicles, boats and stationary environments, as well as civilian purposes, such as our IC Drone solution. We believe
that the system is to small arms and light weapons (e.g., weapons weighing less than 9 kilograms, or kg, or approximately 19.9 pounds)
as drones are to air-to-ground missiles.
Prior to marketing our
systems to potential defense and military customers, for security reasons, we are required to obtain various governmental approvals for
each sale.
On January 29, 2021, we, through
Duke Israel, and Elbit, entered into the Collaboration Agreement for the global marketing and sales, and the production and further development
of our developed advanced robotic system mounted on an UAS, armed with lightweight firearms, which we market under the commercial name
“TIKAD.” Following the Collaboration Agreement, we have expanded our technology beyond military applications and continue
to explore additional uses for our technology and know-how.
Our commercialization efforts
in the civilian market are primarily focused in Europe, with secondary efforts focused on other global markets, including the United States.
On May 11, 2021, we entered
into securities purchase agreements with eight non-U.S. investors (the “Investors”) in a private placement offering in which
we agreed to issue and sell an aggregate of: (i) 12,500,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of $0.40 per share; and (ii) warrants to
purchase 12,500,000 Common Stock. The warrants were exercisable immediately and for a term of 18 months and had an exercise price of $0.40
per share. The aggregate gross proceeds from the offering were approximately $5,000,000 and the offering closed on May 11, 2021. On April
5, 2022, we entered into an agreement with the Investors pursuant to which we extended the term of the warrants, to expire on November
11, 2023. On November 1, 2023, we and the Investors executed a second extension agreement, such that the term of the warrants was to expire
on November 11, 2024.
On June 20, 2024, we entered
into a Warrant Amendment Agreement (the “Warrant Amendment Agreement”) with the Investors to amend the terms of the warrants
issued in connection with the May 11, 2021 securities purchase agreements. Under the Warrant Amendment Agreement, we and the Investors
agreed to: (i) extend the warrant exercise term to May 11, 2026; (ii) amend the warrant exercise price, increasing it from $0.40 per share
to $0.65 per share; and (iii) include a beneficial ownership blocker that limits the exercise of such warrants if the exercise would result
in the holder beneficially owning more than 19.99% of our Common Stock immediately following the exercise.
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On May 27, 2021, our board
of directors approved the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”) pursuant to which the Company may issue awards, from
time to time, consisting of non-qualified stock options, restricted stock grants and restricted stock units (“RSUs”). In addition,
stock option awards that qualify under Section 102 of the Israeli Tax Ordinance (New Version) 1961 (the “ITO”), and/or under
Section 3(i) of the ITO, may be granted. On March 18, 2025, our board of directors approved an increase in the amount of shares of Common
Stock available under the 2021 Plan from 4,800,000 to 9,000,000.
On June 15, 2021, we announced
that Duke Israel received a notice of allowance from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office for a patent titled “Stabilization System”
regarding its stabilization technology incorporated in its advanced robotic system.
On August 15, 2022, we announced
that Duke Israel, introduced the IC Drone, a drone technology for conducting routine maintenance of critical infrastructure, and
has signed a collaboration and development agreement with the IEC, a 99% government-owned company, to provide drone-enabled
systems for cleaning electric utility cable insulators. In October 2023, we successfully fulfilled our obligations under this agreement,
demonstrating the efficiency and safety of its IC Drone in real-world conditions.
On July 8, 2024, we announced
that we are advancing our commercial activity, following the successful completion of the pilot program for our IC Drone with the IEC,
and that we are working to expand our services globally and plan to offer insulation maintenance and washing services to electrical companies
worldwide, either independently or in collaboration with strategic partners.
On November 11, 2024, following
our commercial agreement with IEC from August 2024, we announced the commercial launch of our innovative IC Drone, a first-of-its-kind
system for washing high-voltage electric insulators and the transition to active service of our IC Drone technology. . The IC Drone’s
advanced technology provides utility companies with a safer, more efficient, and environmentally sustainable solution for maintaining
high-voltage electric infrastructure than the currently available methods. This drone-enabled system replaces traditional methods that
rely on large, resource-intensive tanker trucks or helicopters, achieving significant water savings and operational cost reductions per
insulator or electric pole.
Key Features and Benefits
of the IC Drone:
- Enhanced Safety and Precision: Enables high-voltage insulator cleaning with minimal personnel risk and
greater precision compared to traditional methods.
- Environmental Sustainability: Reduces water usage significantly, supporting sustainability initiatives
within utility maintenance.
- Cost-Effective Operations: Cuts operational costs by tens of percent per insulator and simplifies access
to remote or difficult-to-reach infrastructure.
On November 25, 2024, we announced
initial revenue generation from our August 2024 agreement with the IEC for high-voltage insulator washing services using our innovative
IC Drone. The August 2024 agreement with IEC represents a significant milestone, transitioning us from the development stage to active
service and revenue generation within the civilian sector. The agreement establishes us as a provider of advanced aerial cleaning solutions
designed to enhance the safety, efficiency, and sustainability of utility maintenance operations. The IEC has committed to a minimum utilization
of services, with a guaranteed payment in the low seven figures (in NIS) within the first year of the agreement. With the IC Drone now
fully operational, we aim to expand our offering to other utility providers globally, leveraging the proven success of the IC Drone with
IEC.
On February 18, 2025, we announced
that we established Duke Greece, our wholly owned subsidiary, to support the ongoing global commercialization efforts of our IC Drone.
This initiative follows our initial revenue generation from the IC Drone technology through a service agreement with the IEC. Duke Greece
will serve as a platform for promoting and deploying our innovative IC Drone technology, as well as other potential applications of the
Company’s technologies and capabilities, in the Greek market, which provides utility companies with a safer, more efficient, and
environmentally sustainable solution for maintaining high-voltage electric infrastructure as well as potential other applications of our
technologies and capabilities.
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Market Opportunity
Civilian sector
Insulator Cleaning Drone
Insulators are key components
of every high voltage electrical infrastructure around the world while routine cleaning and maintenance of insulators is crucial in order
to optimize system efficiency, prevent power outages, reducing risks of flashovers and corrosion. Cleaning of high voltage infrastructure
leads to better system performance and efficiency, improves safety by reducing the risk of electricity failure and accidents especially
in urban areas, and extends the life of the insulators.
Currently, the global standard
for routine cleaning of insulators involves the use of helicopter fleets and crane trucks. The cleaning routine requires getting near
to active high voltage lines and using high-pressure washers carried by the helicopters or crane trucks. Such process is considered extremely
dangerous and bears significant risks of electricity shock or an impact of the helicopter blades with the electricity grid resulting in
damages to the grid line and possible harm to human life.
IC Drone offers a revolutionary,
safer and cost-efficient method for maintenance of high voltage electrical infrastructure. The worldwide electricity transmission market
is huge and estimated in millions of insulators. The current cost per insulator cleaning is high and electricity operators around the
world fail to meet cleaning plans.
Defense and military market
The United States and other
countries around the world have significantly increased their use of UASs for intelligence gathering, surveillance and tactical applications,
such as delivery of heavy ordnance bombs and missiles. The use of UASs to fire small arms and light weapons from the air are becoming
a viable option as demonstrated by recent conflicts in the Ukraine and the near Middle East. Our technology thus addresses a crucial need
of modern warfare to bring a wide range of weapons other than bombs and missiles to bear on remote hostile targets without risk to the
military personnel deploying the weapons, while at the same time minimizing collateral damage. In addition, the rapid evolution of small,
unmanned air systems (“sUAS”) technologies, along with their size and low cost, enables novel concepts of employment that
present challenges to current defense systems, creating new asymmetric threats for warfighters. Our system also addresses the crucial
need for counter sUAS solutions and offers a kinetic interception, or “drone kill drone,” capability for defeating enemy sUAS.
Our system was designed with
input from veterans of Israel’s elite special mission units. It is operated intuitively via a touch-based tablet, which serves as
its control unit. Minimal prior training is required in order to operate the robot. In June 2016, our robot mounted on our UAS Octocopter
platform was awarded the top prize at the Combating Terrorism Technology Conference sponsored by the United States Defense Department’s
Combating Terrorism Technical Support Office, Israel’s Ministry of Defense Directorate of Defense Research and Development and the
MIT Enterprise Forum of Israel.
Products
IC Drone
Our IC Drone is a first-of-its-kind
robotic, drone-enabled system for cleaning electric utility insulators. The IC Drone unique system, based on Duke’s advanced intellectual
property and know-how that integrates algorithms, autonomous systems, and robotic technologies used in mission-critical applications.
Our IC Drone offers a revolutionary,
safer and cost-efficient, method for maintenance of high voltage electrical infrastructure. which require routine cleaning of insulators
in order to optimize system efficiency and prevent power outages. Currently, the global standard for routine cleaning of insulators involves
the use of helicopter fleets and crane trucks.
Our aim is to expand our IC
Drone service offerings to additional utility providers worldwide while continuing to develop new solutions to address evolving industry
needs.
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UAS Octocopter Integrated with Six Degrees
of Freedom (“6 DOF”) Robotic Gimbal
Our special purpose UAS Octocopter
(DK-HIPPOGRIFF) integrates for operational usage with our 6 DOF robot and is intended primarily for Military and homeland security purposes.
Our lightweight robot allows accurate firing from various configurations consisting of UAS-mounted, land-mounted on light all-terrain
vehicles and sea-mounted on boats. The robot is mounted on our UAS Octocopter platform, a combined system which we market under the commercial
name “TIKAD.”
In addition to the various
configurations and mounting options, the robots also permit the utilization of a wide range of small arms, light weapons and shotguns,
with lethal and less lethal ammunition, with a maximum weight of nine (9) kilograms (approximately twenty (20) pounds). The combination
of our robot, along with our stabilization platform and software, provides a unique firing platform that permits precision firing regardless
of weather conditions or other variables.
Additionally, our robot may
also be utilized as a ground sniper platform. Since the robot is a standalone unit, it can be mounted on a patrol or attack vehicle or
be positioned at a strategic location. The capability of remote operation without the need to expose the operator to tactical danger can
replace troops in different settings. This capability may reduce the number of casualties due to “friendly fire” incidents
and may also significantly reduce exposure and risk to combat troops. Our robot is controlled by a remote-control device that permits
the user to exert full control over its functions, including arming the robot as well as control the firing mechanism.
Our lightweight robot can
also be used for civilian purposes and bring solutions that do not yet exist for different tasks that require high-end stabilization,
such as: vertical takeoff and landing (“VTOL”) robotic landing gear for drones, VTOL aircrafts and medical aid robotic uses
and for maintenance and monitoring of different essential infrastructures, such as cleaning electric utility cable insulators. We expect
our sales of the robot to increase as additional product options expand. We will also address, as needed, evolving regulation of civilian
UASs.
Assembly and Testing
While we maintain the ability
to assemble our robots, IC Drone system for cleaning electric utility insulators and UAS Octocopter at our facility in Israel, we currently
outsource the assembly and production to third-party manufacturers, from which we also purchase supplies and custom-made machined parts
required for the production of our IC Drone system for cleaning electric utility insulators. We currently source our parts and materials
from approximately twenty (20) suppliers located primarily in the United States, Europe, Israel and China. We are not, however, dependent
on any single manufacturer. In addition, while the components we purchase are built according to our specific designs and requests, we
believe the components and materials we purchase are common in nature and can easily be obtained from alternative suppliers, if necessary.
Components are tested and approved against the expected points of failure during extended and aggressive operations. For example, we test
items such as the load carrying capacity of our products as well as various software components and compliance with live power line rigid
standards. After the lab testing phase, the IC Drone system for cleaning electric utility insulators and UASs undergoes a series of field
tests which examine the operation of each function. The IC Drone system for cleaning electric utility insulators is mounted on and integrated
with third parties commercially available suitable drones. Results are combined with multi-phased airborne testing.
In addition, we have not executed
supply agreements with our third-party suppliers. More importantly, our proprietary and confidential complex kinematic algorithms and
control software is our most valuable intellectual property. We have built an in-house laboratory to support the assembly and commercialization
of our products. We believe that the current size and capacity of our in-house laboratory, located at our facilities in Israel, will be
sufficient to support all of our commercialization activities in the near future.
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Market Strategy
Civilian Market
We are currently focused on
expending the commercialization of the IC Drone, a first-of-its-kind robotic, drone-enabled system for cleaning electric utility insulators,
in the civilian market. The unique system, based on our advanced intellectual property and know-how, integrates algorithms, autonomous
systems, and robotic technologies used in mission-critical applications.
On August 15, 2022, we signed
an agreement with the IEC to provide drone-enabled systems for cleaning electric utility cable insulators. During October 2023, we
successfully completed our obligations under our agreement with the IEC by proving the efficiency and safety that comes by using our IC
Drone. Following that successful pilot, in August 2024, we, through Duke Israel, entered into another agreement with the IEC to provide
high-voltage insulator washing services using IC Drone system.
On February 18, 2025, we announced
that we established Duke Greece, which is focused on expanding our innovative IC Drone technology in Greece. Our IC Drone technology provides
utility companies with a safer, more efficient, and environmentally sustainable solution for maintaining high-voltage electric infrastructure
as well as potential other applications of our technologies and capabilities. The IC Drone’s proven success with the IEC demonstrates
its significant market potential for broader deployment across additional regions and sectors.
We are currently in the initial
phases of our global expansion strategy and remain focused on leveraging our proprietary technologies to unlock new growth opportunities
in the civilian sector. We aim to expand our IC Drone service offerings to additional utility providers worldwide while continuing to
develop new solutions to address evolving industry needs.
Defense and Military Market
We expect that our growth
in the defense and military market, through our Collaboration Agreement with Elbit, will initially derive from sales of robotic technology
mounted on UAS Octocopter platform, and later from sales of our robot mounted on other platforms, such as light all-terrain vehicles and
sea-mounted on boats.
● Focus on sales in the United
States . We believe that the United States military will be a lead and reference customer. The United States alone presents a significant
and diverse market opportunity - special operation forces units, various counter-terrorism (federal, state and city) units, regular local
police forces (the use of less-lethal weapons), U.S. Army, National Guard, U.S. Navy, Coast Guard and the Border Police.
● Sales to the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO) Countries . We believe adoption of such products in the United States will open the markets in countries
that are U.S. allies such as the NATO countries.
Intellectual Property
Our success depends, at least
in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and intellectual property, and to operate without infringing or violating
the proprietary rights of others. We rely on a combination of patents, trade secrets, know-how, and other contractual rights (including
confidentiality and invention assignment agreements) to protect our intellectual property rights. We also restrict access to our sensitive
intellectual property information to our most senior management.
To protect certain key technologies,
we have submitted a U.S. patent Application for stabilization system patents, which is pending. We do not know whether any of our current
or future patent applications will result in the issuance of any patents.
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Sales and Marketing
Civilian Sector
Marketing and sales efforts
are currently concentrated on the IC Drone as well as other potential applications of the Company’s technologies and capabilities,
using company employees, service providers, agent and related electric infrastructure companies. The current marketing efforts increased
significantly following the official launch of the latest version of the IC Drone in November 2024 and the establishment of our wholly
owned subsidiary Duke Greece in February 2025.
Defense and Military Market
On January 29, 2021, we, through
Duke Israel, and Elbit entered in the Collaboration Agreement. Pursuant to the Collaboration Agreement, Duke Israel has granted Elbit
a worldwide exclusive license for the use of Duke Israel’s know-how and intellectual property and the marketing, sales, production,
and further development of the TIKAD for military, defense, homeland security, and para-military uses. As consideration for granting the
worldwide exclusive license, Elbit will pay Duke Israel royalties from revenues received from worldwide sales of TIKAD, with royalty rates
ranging from low to mid-double-figure percentages, depending on the tiers of the selling price of TIKAD, for a period starting from the
date of the Collaboration Agreement until 15 years following receipt of $50 million in cumulative revenues from sales of TIKAD units.
In addition, Duke Israel agreed to pay Elbit similar rates of royalties for revenues received by Duke from sales of its advanced robotic
system for civil use, if such systems will include new know-how developed by Elbit.
On June 15, 2021, we announced
that our wholly owned Israeli subsidiary, Duke Airborne Systems Ltd., received a notice of allowance from the U.S. Patent and Trademark
Office for a patent titled “Stabilization System” regarding its stabilization technology incorporated in its advanced robotic
system.
Marketing and sales efforts related to TIKAD were originally anticipated
to be led by Elbit due to our Collaboration Agreement with Elbit, and we are aware that Elbit is marketing drone-mounted remote weapon
systems, including a system in the name of “Bird of Prey”. We requested reports from Elbit regarding sales and royalties related
to drone-mounted remote weapon systems, as outlined in the Collaboration Agreement and it is in discussion with Elbit.
Competition
Civilian Sector
To our knowledge there is
no equivalent cleaning system which is based on drones for cleaning insulators. Although drones are being used for cleaning solar panels
as well as windows, using high pressure water, such systems cannot handle the challenges that come with cleaning of insulators due to
the high voltage environment that effects the drones.
Competition is based on product
and program performance, price, reputation, reliability, life cycle costs, overall value to the customer and responsiveness to customer
requirements. This includes the ability to respond to rapid changes in technology. In addition, our competitive position sometimes may
be affected by specific requirements in particular geographic and product markets.
We plan to continually adapt
to market conditions by adjusting our business strategy to changing market conditions. In addition, we plan to seek to enter into strategic
partnership and cooperation agreements that we believe can assist us in overcoming the challenges of competing in our industry.
Our competitors, either alone
or through their strategic partners, might have substantially greater name recognition and financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing
and human resources than we do. These entities may also have significantly greater experience and infrastructure in commercializing civilian
or defense products, obtaining regulatory approval for those products and commercializing those products around the world.
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Defense and Military Market
While we believe that our
products are novel, and that we have unique knowledge of military operational demands and challenges and years of developing complex military
airborne systems and advanced robotics, the defense industry is a competitive environment.
Government Regulation
Government Contracting
Regulations. We operate under laws, regulations and administrative rules governing defense and other government contracts,
mainly in Israel and the United States. Some of these carry major penalty provisions for non-compliance, including disqualification from
participating in future contracts. In addition, our participation in governmental procurement processes in Israel, the United States and
other countries is subject to specific regulations governing the conduct of the process of procuring defense and homeland security contracts.
Israeli Export Regulations. Israel’s
defense export policy regulates the sale of a number of our systems and products. Current Israeli policy encourages exports to approved
customers of defense systems and products such as ours, as long as the export is consistent with Israeli government policy. Subject to
certain exemptions, a license is required to initiate marketing activities. We also must receive a specific export license for defense
related hardware, software and technology exported from Israel. Israeli law also regulates export of “dual use” items (items
that are typically sold in the commercial market but that also may be used in the defense market). We have filed marketing applications
with the IMOD and have already received marketing approvals for about fifty (50) countries including the U.S. It is expected that in the
mid-term more than seventy-five percent (75%) of our revenue will be derived from exports subject to Israeli export regulations.
Approval of Israeli
Defense Acquisition. The Israeli Defense Entities Law (Protection of Defense Interests) establishes conditions for the approval
of an acquisition or transfer of control of an entity that is determined to be an Israeli “defense entity” under the terms
of the law. Designation as a “defense entity” is to occur through an order to be issued jointly by the Israeli Prime Minister,
Defense Minister and Economy Minister. Although no such orders relating to us have been issued as of the date hereof, it is possible that
our Israeli subsidiary may be designated as a “defense entity” under the law. An order (pursuant to the law) would establish
conditions and restrictions regarding non-Israeli control of our Israeli subsidiary. For example, Israeli government approval might be
required for acquisition of twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the voting securities or a smaller percentage of shares of common stock
that grant “means of control” in the Company, if such were to directly affect the control of our Israeli subsidiary. Means
of Control for the purposes of the law includes the right to control the vote at a shareholders’ meeting or to appoint a director.
Approval of U.S. and
Other Defense Acquisitions. Many countries in addition to Israel also require governmental approval of acquisitions of local
defense companies or assets by foreign entities. Mergers and acquisitions of certain types of defense related businesses in the U.S. are
subject to the Foreign Investment and National Security Act (“FINSA”). Under FINSA, foreign acquisitions of certain types
of defense related businesses in the U.S. require review, and in some cases approval, by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United
States (“CFIUS”). In that regard, if a foreign entity attempts to acquire us or all of our domestic assets, such transactions
may be subject to FINSA, and in certain instances CFIUS has the authority to order divestment and cancellation of the transaction.
“ Buy American”
Laws. The U.S. “Buy American” laws impose price differentials or prohibitions on procurement of products purchased
under U.S. government programs. The price differentials or prohibitions apply to products that are not made in the United States or that
do not contain U.S. components making up at least fifty percent (50%) of the total cost of all components in the product. However, a Memorandum
of Agreement between the United States and Israeli governments waives the “Buy American” laws for specified products, including
most of the products we may sell in the United States.
Procurement Regulations. Solicitations
for procurements by governmental purchasing agencies in Israel, the United States and other countries are governed by laws, regulations
and procedures relating to procurement integrity, including avoiding conflicts of interest, corruption, human trafficking and conflict
minerals in the procurement process. Such regulations also include provisions relating to information assurance and for the avoidance
of counterfeit parts in the supply chain.
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Anti-Bribery Regulations. We
conduct operations in a number of markets that are considered high risk from an anti-bribery compliance perspective. Laws and regulations
such as the Israel Penal Code, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”) Convention on Combating
Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act
and corresponding legislation in other countries, prohibit providing personal benefits or bribes to government officials in connection
with the governmental procurement process. Israeli defense exporters, like ourselves, are required to maintain an anti-bribery compliance
program, including specific procedures, record keeping and training.
Audit
Regulations. The IMOD may audit our books and records relating to its contracts with us. Our books and records and other
aspects of projects that will be related to the U.S. defense contracts will be subject to audit by U.S. government audit agencies. Such
audits review compliance with government contracting cost accounting and other applicable standards. If discrepancies are found this could
result in a downward adjustment of the applicable contract’s price. Some other customers have similar rights under specific contract
provisions.
Civil Aviation Regulations. Several
of our products for commercial aviation applications are subject to flight safety and airworthiness standards of the U.S. Federal Aviation
Administration and similar civil aviation authorities in Israel, Greece, the EU, and other countries.
Environmental, Health
and Safety Regulations. We are subject to a variety of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations in the jurisdictions
in which we have operations. This includes regulations relating to air, water and ground contamination, hazardous waste disposal and other
areas with a potential environmental or safety impact.
Employees
We currently have one full-time
employee, our Chief Executive Officer. Additionally, we engage two (2) executive officers: our Chief Technology Officer (“CTO”)
and our Chief Financial Officer. We engage freelance contractors and consultants in order to limit our operating expenses and therefore
allowing us to scale as necessary. We maintain long-term relationships with these freelance contractors and consultants.
Some of our consulting agreements
include undertakings with respect to non-competition and assignment to us of intellectual property rights developed in the course of employment
and confidentiality. The enforceability of such provisions is limited for some employees by Israeli law.
We are also currently a “smaller
reporting company,” meaning that we are not an investment company, an asset-backed issuer, or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent
company that is not a smaller reporting company and have a public float of less than $75 million and annual revenues of less than $50
million during the most recently completed fiscal year. As a “smaller reporting company” we are able to provide simplified
executive compensation disclosures in their filings; are exempt from the provisions of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) requiring that independent registered public accounting firms provide an attestation report on
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; and have certain other decreased disclosure obligations in their SEC filings,
including, among other things, only being required to provide two years of audited financial statements in annual reports.