Amentum Holdings, Inc. 10-Q

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion and analysis of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Amentum Holdings, Inc. unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, and the notes thereto, and other data contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following discussion and analysis should also be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements, and notes thereto, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 27, 2024. In addition, please see “Information Relating to Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of the risks, uncertainties and assumptions associated with these statements. References to “Amentum”, the “Company”, “we”, “our” or “us” refer to Amentum Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries unless otherwise stated or indicated by context. Overview We are a global advanced engineering and technology solutions provider to a broad base of U.S. and allied government agencies, supporting programs of critical national importance across energy and environmental, intelligence, space, defense, civilian and commercial end-markets. We offer a broad reach of capabilities including environment and climate sustainability, intelligence and counter threat solutions, data fusion and analytics, engineering and integration, advanced test, training and readiness, and citizen solutions. As a leading provider of differentiated technology solutions, we have built a repertoire of deep customer knowledge, enabling us to engage our customers across multiple capabilities and markets. Underpinned by a strong culture of ethics, safety and inclusivity, Amentum is committed to operational excellence and successful execution. In fiscal year 2024, we completed our merger with Jacobs Solutions Inc. (“Jacobs”) Critical Mission Solutions business and portions of the Jacobs Divergent Solutions business (and, together with the Critical Mission Solutions business, referred to as the “CMS Business” or “CMS”), a leading provider of mission-critical, technology-driven services in government and commercial markets. We conduct our business activities and report financial results as two business segments: Digital Solutions (“DS”) and Global Engineering Solutions (“GES”). DS provides advanced digital and data-driven solutions including intelligence analytics, space system development, cybersecurity, and next generation IT across the federal government and commercial clients. GES provides large-scale environmental remediation, clean energy, platform engineering, sustainment and supply chain management across all 7 continents for the U.S. government and allied nations. Budgetary and Regulatory Environment In fiscal year 2024, we generated approximately 90% of our revenues from contracts with the U.S. federal government, either as a prime contractor or a subcontractor to other contractors engaged in work for the U.S. federal government. We carefully follow the U.S. federal budget, legislative and contracting trends and activities and evolve our strategies accordingly. The U.S. federal government fiscal year (“GFY”) 2025 appropriations bill was passed in March 2025. The final bill provided a 1% increase for defense discretionary spending to $892 billion and a 1% increase in non-defense discretionary spending to $708 billion. The GFY 2026 “skinny” budget request was submitted to Congress on May 2, 2025, and if enacted, would maintain defense discretionary spending at $892 billion and reduce non-defense discretionary spending by approximately 21% to $557 billion. Additionally, the skinny budget request assumes an increase in defense spending based on the defense reconciliation legislation currently pending in Congress, which would result in total GFY 2026 defense spending of $1.01 trillion, an increase of 13% from the GFY 2025 enacted level. Under the Trump administration, the Department of Government Efficiency (“DOGE”) was created to propose savings through improvements to technology and increases to productivity in the federal workforce; we continue to monitor the actions of the new administration which could result in a change to budgetary priorities or impact federal government procurement timing. Although a limited number of our contracts for the U.S. Government have been affected by DOGE and other changes in budgetary priorities by the new administration, the impact has not been material to date. Decreases in, or delays in approving, the federal government’s budget, decreases in government spending on the types of programs that we support, delays in government contract awards, and pauses on government contracts on which we are 21 currently performing could have an adverse impact on our business. For further information, please see Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Fiscal Year 2024 Form 10-K. While we view the budget environment as constructive and believe core funding sources for our primary customer-based markets will continue to experience bipartisan tailwinds, there can be no certainty about the level of funding for any particular GFY or that appropriations bills will be passed in a timely manner. During those periods of time when appropriations bills have not been passed and signed into law, government agencies operate under a continuing resolution (“CR”), a temporary measure allowing the government to continue operations at prior year funding levels. Depending on their scope, duration, and other factors, CRs can negatively impact our business due to delays in new program starts, delays in contract awards decisions, and other factors. Additionally, the U.S. Government is in the process of, or has announced its intent to, increase current tariffs, impose additional tariffs, and expand tariffs on goods imported from various countries into the United States. The tariffs that have been enacted by the U.S. or other countries did not materially impact our business or financial results for the three months ended March 28, 2025. We are currently evaluating the potential future impacts of the announced tariffs on our business and financial condition. For a discussion of risks related to tariffs and other trade policy issues, see Part II. Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Report and Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Fiscal Year 2024 Form 10-K. Market Environment We believe our scale, breadth of capabilities, and depth of experience give us a robust understanding of our customers’ evolving needs. Given our portfolio diversity, we believe our total addressable market, and associated growth rate, is sufficient to support our strategic growth plans. We believe Amentum’s capabilities are strategically aligned to well-funded, long-term priorities for the federal government, allied nations, and commercial customers. Specifically, we believe we are well positioned to continue to win new business driven by the following trends in our addressable market: • Increasing demand for outsourced services and solutions with federal government customers; • Increased global demand for clean and environmentally sustainable solutions; • Increased spending on government-wide modernization priorities; • Increasing government focus on near-peer competitors and other nation state threats; • Increasing discretionary spending for Indo-Pacific regional activities and initiatives; and • Increased investment in advanced technologies (e.g., hypersonics, microelectronics, unmanned, electromagnetic spectrum). Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 28, 2025 and March 29, 2024 The following table presents our results of operations for the periods presented: Three Months Ended March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Change (Dollars in millions) Dollars Dollars Dollars Percent Revenues $ 3,491 $ 2,051 $ 1,440 70.2 % Cost of revenues (3,124) (1,851) (1,273) 68.8 Selling, general, and administrative expenses (145) (72) (73) 101.4 Amortization of intangibles (120) (58) (62) 106.9 Equity earnings of non-consolidated subsidiaries 8 19 (11) (57.9) Operating income 110 89 21 23.6 Interest expense and other, net (86) (111) 25 (22.5) Income (loss) before income taxes 24 (22) 46 (209.1) Provision for income taxes (22) (20) (2) 10.0 Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests 2 (42) 44 (104.8) Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interests 2 1 1 100.0 Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders $ 4 $ (41) $ 45 (109.8) Revenues — The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to revenues from the merger with CMS. 22 Cost of revenues — The increase in cost of revenues was primarily attributable to the increased revenues volume from the merger with CMS. As a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues was 89.5% for the three months ended March 28, 2025 compared to 90.2% for the three months ended March 29, 2024. Selling, general, and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) — The increase in SG&A was primarily attributable to the merger with CMS. SG&A as a percentage of revenues increased to 4.2% for the three months ended March 28, 2025 from 3.5% for the three months ended March 29, 2024 primarily due to the merger with CMS and an increase in acquisition, transaction and integration costs. Amortization of intangibles — Amortization of intangibles primarily relates to the amortization of our backlog and customer relationship intangible assets, which increased due to the merger with CMS. Equity earnings of non-consolidated subsidiaries — Equity earnings of non-consolidated subsidiaries include our proportionate share of the income from equity method investments and increased due to non-consolidated subsidiaries obtained in the merger with CMS, partially offset by the utilization of fair market value adjustments assigned to certain equity method investments based on the remaining period of performance for the related contract. Interest expense and other, net — The decrease in interest expense and other, net was primarily due to the reduction to our term loan principal balance as compared to the three months ended March 29, 2024 combined with a decrease in interest rates, partially offset by the interest incurred on our Senior Notes during the three months ended March 28, 2025. Provision for income taxes — The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 28, 2025 was 91.7%, as compared to (90.9)% for the three months ended March 29, 2024. The change in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the recognition of a valuation allowance against a disallowed interest expense deferred tax asset relative to income (loss) before income taxes in the respective period. Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests — Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests includes the utilization of fair market value adjustments assigned to certain non-controlling interests based on the remaining period of performance for the related contract partially offset by the minority interests in our consolidated joint ventures that are not wholly-owned. Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended March 28, 2025 and March 29, 2024 The following table presents our results of operations for the periods presented: Six Months Ended March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Change (Dollars in millions) Dollars Dollars Dollars Percent Revenues $ 6,907 $ 4,034 $ 2,873 71.2 % Cost of revenues (6,179) (3,640) (2,539) 69.8 Selling, general, and administrative expenses (275) (139) (136) 97.8 Amortization of intangibles (240) (114) (126) 110.5 Equity earnings of non-consolidated subsidiaries 29 34 (5) (14.7) Operating income 242 175 67 38.3 Interest expense and other, net (173) (222) 49 (22.1) Income (loss) before income taxes 69 (47) 116 (246.8) Provision for income taxes (46) (34) (12) 35.3 Net income (loss) including non-controlling interests 23 (81) 104 (128.4) Less: net loss attributable to non-controlling interests (7) (1) (6) 600.0 Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders $ 16 $ (82) $ 98 (119.5) Revenues — The increase in revenues was primarily attributable to revenues from the merger with CMS. Cost of revenues — The increase in cost of revenues was primarily attributable to the increased revenues volume from the merger with CMS. As a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues was 89.5% for the six months ended March 28, 2025 compared to 90.2% for the six months ended March 29, 2024. Selling, general, and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) — The increase in SG&A was primarily attributable to the merger with CMS. SG&A as a percentage of revenues increased to 4.0% for the six months ended March 28, 2025 from 3.4% for the 23 six months ended March 29, 2024 primarily due to the merger with CMS and an increase in acquisition, transaction and integration costs. Amortization of intangibles — Amortization of intangibles primarily relates to the amortization of our backlog and customer relationship intangible assets, which increased due to the merger with CMS. Equity earnings of non-consolidated subsidiaries — Equity earnings of non-consolidated subsidiaries include our proportionate share of the income from equity method investments and increased due to non-consolidated subsidiaries obtained in the merger with CMS, partially offset by the utilization of fair market value adjustments assigned to certain equity method investments based on the remaining period of performance for the related contract. Interest expense and other, net — The decrease in interest expense and other, net was primarily due to the reduction to our term loan principal balance as compared to the six months ended March 29, 2024 combined with a decrease in interest rates, partially offset by the interest incurred on our Senior Notes during the six months ended March 28, 2025. Provision for income taxes — The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 28, 2025 was 66.7%, as compared to (72.3)% for the six months ended March 29, 2024. The change in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the recognition of a valuation allowance against a disallowed interest expense deferred tax asset relative to income (loss) before income taxes in the respective period. Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests — Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests include the minority interests in our consolidated joint ventures that are not wholly-owned partially offset by the utilization of fair market value adjustments assigned to certain non-controlling interests based on the remaining period of performance for the related contract. Segment Results for the Three and Six Months Ended March 28, 2025 and March 29, 2024 The primary financial performance measures we use to manage our reportable segments and monitor results of operations are revenues and Adjusted EBITDA. The following tables present our performance measures by reportable segment: Digital Solutions Three Months Ended Six Months Ended March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Change March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Change (Dollars in millions) Dollars Dollars Dollars Percent Dollars Dollars Dollars Percent Revenues $ 1,340 $ 471 $ 869 185 % $ 2,626 $ 930 $ 1,696 182 % Adjusted EBITDA 107 40 67 168 % 207 78 129 165 % The increase in revenues for the three and six months ended March 28, 2025, as compared to the three and six months ended March 29, 2024, was primarily attributable to revenues from the merger with CMS and higher volume from new contract awards, partially offset by the expected ramp-down of other historical programs. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended March 28, 2025, as compared to the three and six months ended March 29, 2024, was primarily attributable to the revenue growth factors described above. Global Engineering Solutions Three Months Ended Six Months Ended March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Change March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Change (Dollars in millions) Dollars Dollars Dollars Percent Dollars Dollars Dollars Percent Revenues $ 2,151 $ 1,580 $ 571 36 % $ 4,281 $ 3,104 $ 1,177 38 % Adjusted EBITDA 161 116 45 39 % 323 232 91 39 % The increase in revenues for the three and six months ended March 28, 2025, as compared to the three and six months ended March 29, 2024, was primarily attributable to revenues from the merger with CMS, the ramp up of new contract awards and growth on existing programs, partially offset by the expected ramp-down of other historical programs. 24 The increase in Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended March 28, 2025, as compared to the three and six months ended March 29, 2024, was primarily attributable to the revenue growth factors described above. Revenues by Contract Type Our earnings and profitability may vary materially depending on changes in the proportionate amount of revenues derived from each type of contract. For a discussion of the types of contracts under which we generate revenues, see “Critical Accounting Policies” below. The following table summarizes revenues by contract type, as a percentage of revenues, for the periods presented: Three Months Ended Six Months Ended March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Cost-plus-fee 64 % 62 % 64 % 63 % Fixed-price 23 % 27 % 24 % 26 % Time-and-materials 13 % 11 % 12 % 11 % Total revenues 100 % 100 % 100 % 100 % Backlog The Company's backlog represents the estimated amount of future revenues to be recognized under negotiated contracts. The Company’s backlog includes unexercised option years and excludes the value of task orders that may be awarded under multiple award indefinite delivery / indefinite quantity (“IDIQ”) vehicles until such task orders are issued. The Company’s backlog is either funded or unfunded: • Funded backlog represents contract value for which funding is appropriated less revenues previously recognized on the contract. • Unfunded backlog represents estimated values that have the potential to be recognized as revenues from negotiated contracts for which funding has not been appropriated and from unexercised contract options. As of March 28, 2025, the Company had total backlog of $44.8 billion, compared with $27.2 billion as of March 29, 2024, an increase of $17.6 billion primarily due to the merger with CMS. Funded backlog as of March 28, 2025 was $5.8 billion. There is no assurance that all backlog will result in future revenues being recognized, and the backlog balance is subject to increases or decreases based on the execution of new contracts, contract modifications or extensions, deobligations, early terminations, and other factors. Effects of Inflation Given the nature of our operations and contract type mix, we expect the impact of inflation on our business may be limited for some of our contracts. During the six months ended March 28, 2025, 64% of our revenues was generated under cost-plus-fee type contracts that have limited inflation risk as they include provisions that adjust revenues to cover costs affected by inflation. The remainder of our revenues was generated under time-and-materials or fixed-price type contracts which we have historically been able to price in a manner that accommodates inflation and cost increases over the period of performance but changes in our expectations with respect to inflation rates or in the overall mix of our contract types could cause future results to differ substantially. Liquidity and Capital Resources Existing cash and cash equivalents and cash generated by operations are our primary sources of liquidity, as well as sales of receivables under our Master Accounts Receivable Purchase Agreement (“MARPA”) and available borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility provided for in the senior secured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility consists of a seven year, $3,750 million term facility (“Term Loan”) and a five year, $850 million revolving facility (“Revolver”), including a $200 million letter of credit subfacility and a $100 million swingline subfacility. The Revolver and the Term Loan mature on September 27, 2029 and September 27, 2031, respectively. The Term Loan requires quarterly principal amortization payments of $9 million commencing March 31, 2025 with the remainder of the principal 25 thereunder being due at maturity. In August 2024, the Company also completed an offering of $1,000 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.250% senior notes due August 1, 2032 (the “Senior Notes”). The New Credit Facility and the Senior Notes are guaranteed by substantially all of our wholly owned material domestic restricted subsidiaries, subject to customary exceptions set forth in the credit agreement and indenture, respectively. The interest rates applicable to the Term Loan are floating interest rates equal to an Alternate Base Rate or Adjusted Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate plus an applicable margin based upon net leverage ratio. Each of the credit agreement and indenture requires us to comply with certain representations and warranties, customary affirmative and negative covenants and, in the case of the Revolver, under certain circumstances, a financial covenant. We were in compliance with all covenants as of March 28, 2025. We believe that the combination of internally generated funds, available bank borrowings, and cash and cash equivalents on hand will provide the required liquidity and capital resources necessary to fund on-going operations, capital expenditures, scheduled principal and interest payments on our debt obligations, scheduled lease payments, and other working capital requirements over at least the next twelve months. On April 23, 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our hardware and product business, Rapid Solutions, to Lockheed Martin for a purchase price of $360 million in cash, subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. Certain proceeds from the planned sale of the Rapid Solutions business are expected to be used to accelerate our debt reduction objectives. Over the longer term, our ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations necessary to fulfill the obligations under the Credit Facility, Senior Notes and any other indebtedness we may incur will depend on our future financial performance which could be affected by factors outside of our control, including worldwide economic and financial market conditions. See “Note 6 — Sales of Receivables” and “Note 9 — Debt” of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Cash Flow Information Six Months Ended (Amounts in millions) March 28, 2025 March 29, 2024 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ 167 $ (78) Net cash used in investing activities (39) (6) Net cash used in financing activities (28) (28) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (6) 4 Net change in cash and cash equivalents $ 94 $ (108) Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $245 million for the six months ended March 28, 2025 when compared to the six months ended March 29, 2024 as a result of a $235 million increase in cash earnings due to contributions from the merger with CMS and from $10 million in favorable changes in operating assets and liabilities driven by reduced interest payments. Net cash used in investing activities increased by $33 million for the six months ended March 28, 2025 when compared to the six months ended March 29, 2024 as a result of increased contributions to equity method investments. Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended March 28, 2025 remained consistent when compared to the six months ended March 29, 2024 primarily as a result of distributions to non-controlling interests and the absence of quarterly principal amortization payments on our Term Loan, which commence in the third quarter of fiscal year 2025. Divestiture of Rapid Solutions On April 23, 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our hardware and product business, Rapid Solutions, to Lockheed Martin for a purchase price of $360 million in cash, subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. The planned sale of the Rapid Solutions business is not classified as discontinued operations as it does not represent a strategic shift in our business. 26 Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates There have been no significant changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 27, 2024. Recent Accounting Pronouncements See “Note 2 — Recent Accounting Pronouncements” of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained within this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.