Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Results of Operations (continued)
When calculating the percentage change in comparable store sales, the Company defines a new store to be comparable after it has been in operation for five full fiscal quarters. Relocated stores and stores with expanded square footage are included in comparable store sales since these units are located in existing markets and are open during construction. Planned store dispositions are excluded from the calculation. The Company only includes retail food stores in the calculation.
Analysis of Consolidated Statements of Income
Percentage Change
(amounts in thousands except per share amounts)
2023
2022
2021
2023 vs.
2022 vs.
For the Fiscal Years Ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021
(52 Weeks)
(53 Weeks)
(52 Weeks)
2022
2021
Net sales
$
4,696,950
$
4,695,943
$
4,224,417
0.0
%
11.2
%
Cost of sales, including advertising, warehousing and distribution expenses
3,535,009
3,514,029
3,108,710
0.6
13.0
Gross profit on sales
1,161,941
1,181,914
1,115,707
(1.7)
5.9
Gross profit margin
24.7
%
25.2
%
26.4
%
Operating, general and administrative expenses
1,024,755
1,024,862
968,996
(0.0)
5.8
O, G & A, percent of net sales
21.8
%
21.8
%
22.9
%
Income from operations
137,186
157,052
146,711
(12.6)
7.0
Operating margin
2.9
%
3.3
%
3.5
%
Investment income (loss) and interest expense
13,162
(82)
5,007
16151.2
(101.6)
Investment income (loss) and interest expense, percent of net sales
0.3
%
0.0
%
0.1
%
Other income (expense)
(3,652)
3,807
(3,411)
(195.9)
211.6
Other income (expense), percent of net sales
(0.1)
%
0.1
%
(0.1)
%
Income before provision for income taxes
146,696
160,777
148,307
(8.8)
8.4
Income before provision for income taxes, percent of net sales
3.1
%
3.4
%
3.5
%
Provision for income taxes
42,868
35,581
39,458
20.5
(9.8)
Effective income tax rate
29.2
%
22.1
%
26.6
%
Net income
$
103,828
$
125,196
$
108,849
(17.1)
%
15.0
%
Net income, percent of net sales
2.2
%
2.7
%
2.6
%
Basic and diluted earnings per share
$
3.86
$
4.65
$
4.05
(17.0)
%
14.8
%
Net Sales
Individual Year-Over-Year Analysis of Sales
Percentage Change
2023 vs.
2022 vs.
2022
2021
Net sales, adjusted for an additional week in 2022, excluding fuel
2.6
%
7.5
%
Net sales, adjusted for an additional week in 2022
1.9
8.8
Net sales, excluding fuel
0.6
9.6
Net sales
0.0
11.2
Comparable store sales excluding fuel
0.3
9.5
Comparable store sales
(0.2)
%
10.9
%
The 2023 and 2021 years were comprised of 52 weeks, whereas the 2022 year was comprised of 53 weeks.
When calculating the percentage change in comparable store sales, the Company defines a new store to be comparable when it has been in operation after five full fiscal quarters. Relocated stores and stores with expanded square footage are included in comparable store sales since these units are located in existing markets and are open during construction. Planned store dispositions are excluded from the calculation. The Company only includes retail food stores in the calculation.
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WEIS MARKETS, INC.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Results of Operations (continued)
Net Sales (continued)
According to the latest U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ report, the annual Seasonally Adjusted Food-at-Home Consumer Price Index increased 5.0% in 2023, 11.4% in 2022, 3.5% in 2021. Even though the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ index rates may be reflective of a trend, it will not necessarily be indicative of the Company’s actual results. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the 52-week average price of gasoline in the Central Atlantic States decreased 10.1%, or $0.42 cents per gallon, in 2023 compared to the 53-week average in 2022. The 53-week average price of gasoline in the Central Atlantic States, according to the U.S. Department of Energy, increased 31.4%, or $1.00 per gallon, in 2022 compared to the 52-week average in 2021.
Comparable store sales, excluding fuel and adjusted for the 53rd week in 2022, increased for all years presented. Comparable store sales, including fuel, decreased year over year. On a comparable store sales basis pharmacy services increased in sales. Comparable store sales, adjusted for an additional week in 2022 increased 2.3% excluding fuel and 1.7% including fuel for 2023 compared to 2022. The Company has provided additional product offerings and customer conveniences such as “Weis 2 Go Online,” currently offered at 188 store locations. “Weis 2 Go Online” allows the customer to order on-line and have their order delivered or picked up at an expedient store drive-thru. The Company also currently offers home delivery to customers in all 197 of its locations via multiple grocery delivery partners.
During 2023, the Company’s net sales were negatively impacted by declining government benefits. Although the Company experienced retail inflation and deflation in various commodities for the periods presented, the Company anticipates overall product costs to increase given the recent inflationary indicators in the food retail industry. Management cannot accurately measure the full impact of inflation or deflation on retail pricing due to changes in the types of merchandise sold between periods, shifts in customer buying patterns and the fluctuation of competitive factors. Management remains confident in its ability to generate long-term sales growth in a highly competitive environment, but also understands some competitors have greater financial resources and could use these resources to take measures which could adversely affect the Company’s competitive position.
Cost of Sales and Gross Profit
Cost of sales consists of direct product costs (net of discounts and allowances), net advertising costs, warehousing costs, transportation costs, as well as manufacturing facility costs. Increased sales volume resulted in an increase in cost of sales. Both direct product cost and distribution cost increase when sales volume increases.
Gross profit rate was 24.7% in 2023, 25.2% in 2022, 26.4% in 2021. The decrease in gross profit rate is attributable to increased pharmacy and fuel sales, which have a lower gross profit margin than grocery sales; and higher product and supply chain costs.
The Company experienced unfavorable non-cash LIFO inventory valuation adjustments, decreasing gross profit by $6.7 million, $29.2 million and $4.0 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The Company has experienced retail inflation and deflation in various commodities for the periods presented. Management cannot accurately measure the full impact of inflation or deflation on retail pricing due to changes in the types of merchandise sold between periods, shifts in customer buying patterns and the fluctuation of competitive factors.
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WEIS MARKETS, INC.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Results of Operations (continued)
Operating, General and Administrative Expenses
The majority of the expenses were driven by increased sales volume.
Employee-related costs such as wages, employer paid taxes, health care benefits and retirement plans, comprise approximately 59.9% of the total “Operating, general and administrative expenses.” As a percent of sales, direct store labor increased 0.1% in 2023 compared to 2022 and decreased 0.5% in 2022 compared to 2021. Direct store labor expenses increased slightly in 2023 compared to 2022 due to flat net sales results for the same period. Direct store labor increased in 2022 compared to 2021, as sales increases outpaced the labor expense increase causing the rate to fall, primarily due to the fixed component of store labor. Management continues to monitor store labor efficiencies and develop labor standards to reduce costs while maintaining the Company’s customer service expectations. During 2023, the Company completed a multi-year initiative to install or upgrade self-checkouts in its stores in response to customer preference and labor supply, including adding convertible dual-use checkout lanes.
The Company’s self-insured health care benefit expenses decreased by 18.0% and 8.5% in 2023 and 2022, respectively. As a percent of sales, the Company’s self-insured health care benefit expenses decreased by 0.1% and 0.2%, in 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization expense charged to “Operating, general and administrative expenses” was $98.0 million, or 2.1% of net sales, for 2023 compared to $94.6 million, or 2.0% of net sales, for 2022 compared to $93.8 million, or 2.2% of net sales, for 2021. See the Liquidity and Capital Resources section for further information regarding the Company’s capital expenditure program.
A breakdown of the material increases (decreases) as a percent of sales in "Operating, general and administrative expenses" is as follows:
2023 vs. 2022
(amounts in thousands)
Increase
Increase (Decrease)
December 30, 2023
(Decrease)
as a % of sales
Associate insurance benefits expense
$
(6,338)
(0.1)
%
Fixed expense (amortization, depreciation, insurance expenses, and occupancy costs)
3,999
0.1
Repairs and maintenance expense
3,563
0.1
Other expenses (Employee expense, utilities, technology, asset disposals and insurance proceeds)
(1,324)
(0.1)
2022 vs. 2021
(amounts in thousands)
Increase
Increase (Decrease)
December 31, 2022
(Decrease)
as a % of sales
Employee expense
$
18,910
(1.0)
%
Utilities expense
12,375
0.2
Fixed expense (amortization, depreciation, insurance expenses, and occupancy costs)
5,389
(0.3)
Other expenses (financial service fees, technology, repairs and maintenance, supplies)
21,209
0.1
The majority of the increases in other expenses from 2022 to 2023 were technology expenses due to more third-party information technology subscription and consulting services and less asset disposals and insurance proceeds. The majority of the increases in other expenses from 2021 to 2022 were higher financial service fees due to more sales transaction dollars paid with debit and credit cards and more third-party information technology subscription and consulting services.
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WEIS MARKETS, INC.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Results of Operations (continued)
Provision for Income Taxes
The effective income tax rate was 29.2%, 22.1% and 26.6% in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The effective income tax rate differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state taxes as well as nondeductible employee-related expenses. The Company reduced its provision for income taxes by $5.5 million in 2022 primarily due to the effects of Pennsylvania House Bill 1342 which was enacted on July 8, 2022. The bill made significant changes to the Commonwealth’s corporate income tax laws which included lowering the tax rate gradually from 9.99% in 2022 to 4.99% in 2031.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The primary source of cash is cash flows generated from operations. In addition, the Company has access to a revolving credit agreement entered into on September 1, 2016, and amended on September 29, 2023, with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement matures on October 1, 2027, and provides for an unsecured revolving credit facility with an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $30.0 million with an additional discretionary amount available of $70.0 million. As of December 30, 2023, the availability under the revolving credit agreement was $22.3 million with $7.7 million of letters of credit outstanding. The letters of credit are maintained primarily to support performance, payment, deposit or surety obligations of the Company. The Company has not had an obligation on the Credit Agreement since the second quarter of 2018.
The Company’s investment portfolio consists of high-grade bonds with maturity dates between one and 30 years and four high yield, large capitalized public company equity securities. The portfolio totaled $226.0 million as of December 30, 2023. Management anticipates maintaining the investment portfolio but has the ability to liquidate if needed. See “Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” for more details regarding the Company’s market risk.
The Company’s capital expenditure program includes the construction of new superstores, the expansion and remodeling of existing units, the acquisition of sites for future expansion, new technology purchases and the continued upgrade of the Company’s distribution facilities and transportation fleet. Management continues to reinvest in its long-term capital expenditure program including plans to complete multiple carryover projects from 2022 and 2023 that were delayed due to labor and supply chain disruptions. The Company anticipates to fund the long-term capital expenditure program, the acquisition of retail stores, the construction of additional distribution facilities, repurchases of common stock, and cash dividends on common stock through its cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, cash flows from operating activities, and revolving credit agreement.
The Board of Directors’ 2004 resolution authorizing the repurchase of up to one million shares of the Company’s common stock has a remaining balance of 752,468 shares.
Quarterly Cash Dividends
Total cash dividend payments on common stock, on a per share basis, amounted to $1.36 in 2023, $1.30 in 2022 and $1.25 in 2021. The Company increased its quarterly dividend from 32 cents per share to 34 cents per share in the fourth quarter of 2022. The Company expects to continue paying regular cash dividends on a quarterly basis. However, the Board of Directors reconsiders the declaration of dividends quarterly. The Company pays these dividends at the discretion of the Board of Directors and the continuation of these payments and the amount of the dividends depends upon the financial condition of the Company, results of operations and other factors which the Board of Directors deems relevant.
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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Results of Operations (continued)
Cash Flow Information
(amounts in thousands)
For the Fiscal Years Ended December 30, 2023,
2023
2022
2021
2023 vs.
2022 vs.
December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021
(52 weeks)
(53 Weeks)
(52 weeks)
2022
2021
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities
$
201,602
$
218,024
$
227,709
$
(16,422)
$
(9,685)
Investing activities
(138,800)
(111,107)
(244,650)
(27,693)
133,543
Financing activities
(36,582)
(34,968)
(33,623)
(1,614)
(1,345)
Operating
Cash flows from operating activities decreased in 2023 as compared to 2022 and 2021, respectively. The decrease in 2023 from 2022 is due to lower net income and in 2022 from 2021 is due to increases in inventory.
Investing
Property and equipment purchases totaled $104.0 million in 2023, $122.2 million in 2022 and $151.8 million in 2021. As a percentage of sales, capital expenditures totaled 2.2% in 2023, 2.5% in 2022 and 3.6% in 2021. Multiple projects from 2022 and 2023 are expected to be completed in 2024 due to labor and supply chain disruptions. The Company significantly increased its marketable securities holdings in 2023 by approximately $39.5 million and in 2022 the Company maintained its marketable securities portfolio.
Financing
The Company paid dividends of $36.6 million in 2023, $35.0 million in 2022 and $33.6 million in 2021. The Company increased its quarterly dividend from 32 cents per share to 34 cents per share in the fourth quarter of 2022. The Company previously increased its quarterly dividend from 31 cents per share to 32 cents per share in the fourth quarter of 2021.
Contractual Obligations
The following table represents scheduled maturities of the Company’s long-term contractual obligations as of December 30, 2023.
Payments due by period
Less than
More than
(dollars in thousands)
Total
1 year
1-3 years
3-5 years
5 years
Operating leases
$
209,042
$
47,918
$
80,001
$
47,902
$
33,220
Total
$
209,042
$
47,918
$
80,001
$
47,902
$
33,220
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company is not a party to any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The Company has chosen accounting policies that it believes are appropriate to accurately and fairly report its operating results and financial position, and the Company applies those accounting policies in a consistent manner. The Significant Accounting Policies are summarized in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires that the Company makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are based on historical and other factors believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company evaluates these estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis and may retain outside consultants, lawyers and actuaries to assist in its evaluation. The Company believes the following accounting policies are the most critical because they involve the most significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of its Consolidated Financial Statements.
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using both the retail inventory and average cost methods. The retail inventory method is commonly used by retail companies to determine cost and calculate gross margin based on applying a cost-to-retail ratio to each similar merchandise category’s ending retail value. The Company’s center store and pharmacy inventories are valued using last in, first out (LIFO). The Company’s fresh inventories are valued using average cost. The Company evaluates inventory shortages throughout the year based on actual physical counts in its facilities. Allowances for inventory shortages are recorded based on the results of these counts and to provide for estimated shortages from the last physical count to the financial statement date.
Vendor Allowances
Vendor allowances related to the Company’s buying and merchandising activities are recorded as a reduction of cost of sales as they are earned, in accordance with the underlying agreement. Off-invoice and bill-back allowances are used to reduce direct product costs upon the receipt of goods. Promotional rebates and credits are accounted for as a reduction in the cost of inventory and recognized when the related inventory is sold. Volume incentive discounts are accounted for as a reduction of cost of sales and realized using estimated amounts at the time it is deemed probable that the incentive target will be reached. Long-term contract incentives, which require an exclusive vendor relationship, are allocated over the life of the contract. Promotional allowance funds for specific vendor-sponsored programs are recognized as a reduction of cost of sales as the program occurs and the funds are earned per the agreement. Cash discounts for prompt payment of invoices are realized in cost of sales as invoices are paid. Warehouse and back-haul allowances provided by suppliers for distributing their product through the Company’s distribution system are recorded in cost of sales as the required performance is completed. Warehouse slotting allowances are recorded in cost of sales when new items are initially set up in the Company’s distribution system, which is when the related expenses are incurred and performance under the agreement is complete. Swell allowances for damaged goods are realized in cost of sales as provided by the supplier, helping to offset product shrink losses also recorded in cost of sales.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are inherently complex and require Management’s evaluation and estimates, specifically regarding current and deferred income taxes and uncertain tax positions. The Company reviews the tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, on tax returns to determine whether, and to what extent, a benefit can be recognized in its Consolidated Financial Statements. The assessment of the Company’s tax position relies on the judgment of Management to estimate the more likely than not merits associated with the Company’s various tax positions.
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Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: (continued)
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates (continued)
Leases
The Company leases approximately 49% of its open store facilities under operating leases that expire at various dates through 2036, with the remaining store facilities being owned. These leases generally provide for fixed annual rentals; however, several provide for minimum annual rentals plus variable lease costs related to real estate taxes and insurance as well as contingent rentals based on a percentage of annual sales or increases periodically based on inflation. These variable lease costs are not included in the measurement of the operating lease right-to-use assets or lease liabilities and are charged to the related expense category included in “Operating, general and administrative expenses.” Most of the leases contain multiple renewal options, under which the Company may extend the lease terms from 5 to 20 years. Additionally, the Company has operating leases for certain transportation and other equipment. The Company leases or subleases space to tenants in owned, vacated and open store facilities. Rental income is recorded when earned as a component of “Operating, general and administrative expenses.”
Self-Insurance
The Company is self-insured for a majority of its workers’ compensation, general liability, vehicle accident and associate medical benefit claims. The self-insurance liability for most of the medical benefit claims is determined based on historical data and an estimate of claims incurred but not reported. The other self-insurance liabilities including workers’ compensation are determined actuarially, based on claims filed and an estimate of claims incurred but not yet reported. The Company is self-insured for certain healthcare claims and stop-loss coverage is maintained for individual annual claim occurrences exceeding a $500 thousand specific deductible. The Company is liable for workers’ compensation claims ranging from $1.0 million to $2.0 million per claim. Property and casualty insurance coverage is maintained with outside carriers at deductible or retention levels ranging from $250 thousand to $1.0 million. Significant assumptions used in the development of the actuarial estimates include reliance on the Company’s historical claims data including average monthly claims and average lag time between incurrence and reporting of the claim.
Forward-Looking Statements
In addition to historical information, this Annual Report may contain forward-looking statements, which are included pursuant to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any forward-looking statements contained herein are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. For example, risks and uncertainties can arise with changes in: general economic conditions, including their impact on capital expenditures; business conditions in the retail industry; the regulatory environment; rapidly changing technology and competitive factors, including increased competition with regional and national retailers; and price pressures. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect Management’s analysis only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described in other documents the Company files periodically with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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