MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
−Removed: following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated
−Removed: financial statements and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Report.
+Added: following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements
+Added: and the notes to those financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Report.
statements in this Report constitute forward-looking statements.
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the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
−Removed: Company is moving in a new direction, statements made relating to our business plan are forward looking statements and we have no history
−Removed: of performance.
−Removed: Current management may not have sufficient experience in recycling, sales and distribution of reusable plastics.
−Removed: are in the business of acquiring private corporations in the business of in recycling, sales and distribution of reusable plastics.
−Removed: goal of recycling plastic is to reduce high rates of plastic pollution while putting less pressure on virgin materials to produce brand
−Removed: new plastic products.
−Removed: This approach helps to conserve resources and diverts plastics from landfills or unintended destinations such as
−Removed: Our vision incorporates the spirit of social responsibility, not only on a local community basis but also on a global scale.
−Removed: impact of social distancing requirements due to Covid-19 has affected all industries not only plastic recycling industry.
−Removed: There has been
−Removed: a strong demand for plastic for several years and converting waste plastic materials into commercially viable products, utilizing environmentally
−Removed: friendly recycling and manufacturing methods has been a focused by the global awareness in clean environment, a trend many expect to
−Removed: continue even after Covid-19 restrictions are lifted.
+Added: Green Land Corporation (the “Company” or “we” or “our”) was incorporated under the laws of the
+Added: State of Nevada on March 6, 2008, under the name of Henry County Plywood Corporation, as successor by merger to a Virginia
+Added: corporation incorporated in May 1948 under the same name.
+Added: On March 17, 2009, we changed our name from “Henry County Plywood
+Added: Corporation” to “Sino Green Land Corporation”.
+Added: On January 7, 2020, we renamed from “Sino Green Land
+Added: Corporation” to “Go Silver Toprich, Inc.”.
+Added: On August 31, 2020, we changed the name from “Go Silver Toprich,
+Added: Inc.” back to “Sino Green Land Corporation”.
+Added: current name is Sino Green Land Corporation, and our fiscal year end is December 31.
of Operations
−Removed: for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
−Removed: Company did not generate any revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
−Removed: of Revenue and Gross Margin
−Removed: the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no cost incurred nor generated any gross profit.
−Removed: and Administrative Expenses
−Removed: and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 amounted to $143,983 and $39,343 respectively.
−Removed: These expenses
−Removed: primarily comprised of company renewal fee and professional fees.
−Removed: the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company has incurred a net loss of $143,983 and $39,343 respectively.
−Removed: The loss is mainly
−Removed: derived from the general and administrative expenses.
+Added: and Cost of Revenues
+Added: revenues and cost of revenues were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
+Added: and Administrative (G&A) Expenses
+Added: general and administrative (G&A) expenses were $35,659 and $143,983 for the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
+Added: In 2022, these G&A expenses comprised of accounting fee of $7,500, audit fee of $12,000, transfer agent fee of $2,578, state filing
+Added: fee of $930 and other professional fee of $12,651, respectively.
and Capital Resources
−Removed: of December 31, 2021, we had no cash and cash equivalents.
−Removed: We had negative operating cash flows due to minimal operating activity, we
−Removed: expect increased levels of operating activities going forward will result in more significant cash outflows.
−Removed: do not have any credit facilities or other access to bank credit.
+Added: of December 31, 2022, we had no cash balance and $222,658 in outstanding liabilities, including $208,140 due to our former CEO, Lou
+Added: Xiong, a related party.
+Added: We do not have sufficient cash on hand to fund our ongoing operational expenses for the next 6 months.
+Added: will need to raise funds to maintain our operations and to pay our ongoing operational expenses.
+Added: Additional funding will likely come
+Added: from equity financing from the sale of our Common Stock.
+Added: If we are successful in completing an equity financing, existing
+Added: shareholders will experience dilution of their interest in our Company.
+Added: We do not have any financing arrangement and we cannot
+Added: provide investors with any assurance that we will be able to raise sufficient funding from the sale of our Common Stock to fund our
+Added: operations and ongoing operational expenses.
+Added: In the absence of such financing, our business will likely fail.
+Added: assurances that we will be able to achieve further sales of our Common Stock or any other form of additional financing.
Accounting Policies and Estimates
−Removed: of presentation
−Removed: Company’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
−Removed: of America (“U.S.
−Removed: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
−Removed: in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
−Removed: liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues
−Removed: and expenses during the reporting period.
−Removed: Actual results could differ from those estimates.
−Removed: further acknowledges that it is solely responsible for adopting sound accounting practices, establishing and maintaining a system of
−Removed: internal accounting control and preventing and detecting fraud.
−Removed: The Company’s system of internal accounting control is designed
−Removed: to assure, among other items, that 1) recorded transactions are valid;
−Removed: 2) valid transactions are recorded;
−Removed: and 3) transactions are recorded
−Removed: in the proper period in a timely manner to produce financial statements which present fairly the financial condition, results of operations
−Removed: and cash flows of the Company for the respective periods being presented.
−Removed: preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires
−Removed: management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent
−Removed: assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported
−Removed: Company’s significant estimates include income taxes provision and valuation allowance of deferred tax assets;
−Removed: the fair value of
−Removed: financial instruments;
−Removed: the carrying value and recoverability of long-lived assets, including the values assigned to an estimated useful
−Removed: lives of computer equipment;
−Removed: and the assumption that the Company will continue as a going concern.
−Removed: Those significant accounting estimates
−Removed: or assumptions bear the risk of change due to the fact that there are uncertainties attached to those estimates or assumptions, and certain
−Removed: estimates or assumptions are difficult to measure or value.
−Removed: Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions
−Removed: that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying
−Removed: values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
−Removed: regularly reviews its estimates utilizing currently available information, changes in facts and circumstances, historical experience
−Removed: and reasonable assumptions.
−Removed: After such reviews, and if deemed appropriate, those estimates are adjusted accordingly.
−Removed: Actual results could
−Removed: differ from those estimates.
−Removed: and cash equivalents
−Removed: Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
−Removed: Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Topic 606 on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method.
−Removed: ASC 606 requires the use of a new
−Removed: five-step model to recognize revenue from customer contracts.
−Removed: The five-step model requires that the Company (i) identify the contract
−Removed: with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable
−Removed: consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price
−Removed: to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance
−Removed: adoption of Topic 606 has no impact on revenue amounts recorded on the Company’s financial statements as the Company has not generate
−Removed: any revenues.
−Removed: Company follows Section 740-10-30 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and
−Removed: liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.
−Removed: this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets
−Removed: and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the fiscal year in which the differences are expected to reverse.
−Removed: assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent management concludes it is more likely than not that the assets will not be
−Removed: Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the fiscal
−Removed: years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
−Removed: The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities
−Removed: of a change in tax rates is recognized in the Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income in the period that includes the enactment
−Removed: Company adopted section 740-10-25 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Section 740-10-25”) with regards to uncertainty
−Removed: income taxes.
−Removed: Section 740-10-25 addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return
−Removed: should be recorded in the financial statements.
−Removed: Under Section 740-10-25, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain
−Removed: tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based
−Removed: on the technical merits of the position.
−Removed: The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured
−Removed: based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent (50%) likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
−Removed: 740-10-25 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods
−Removed: and requires increased disclosures.
−Removed: December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform Act”).
−Removed: The legislation
−Removed: significantly changes U.S.
−Removed: tax law by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates, implementing a territorial tax system
−Removed: and imposing a transition tax on deemed repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries.
−Removed: The Tax Reform Act permanently reduces the U.S.
−Removed: corporate income tax rate from a maximum of 34% to a flat 21% rate, effective January 1, 2018.
−Removed: As a result of the reduction in the U.S.
−Removed: corporate income tax rate from 34% to 21% under the Tax Reform Act, the Company revalued its ending net deferred tax assets.
−Removed: Company has accumulated approximately $36,834,447 of net operating losses (“NOL”) carried forward to offset future taxable
−Removed: In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion
−Removed: or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized.
−Removed: The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation
−Removed: of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.
−Removed: Management considers the scheduled
−Removed: reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
−Removed: the assessment, management has established a full valuation allowance against all of the deferred tax asset relating to NOLs for every
−Removed: period because it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
−Removed: income/(loss) per share
−Removed: income (loss) per common share is computed pursuant to section 260-10-45 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification.
−Removed: Basic net income
−Removed: (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding
−Removed: during the period.
−Removed: Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number
−Removed: of shares of common stock and potentially outstanding shares of common stock during the period.
−Removed: The weighted average number of common
−Removed: shares outstanding and potentially outstanding common shares assumes that the Company incorporated as of the beginning of the first period
−Removed: Convertible Preferred Stocks, warrants and stock options are not included in potentially dilutive shares outstanding for the year ended
−Removed: December 31, 2021 as these would have an anti-dilutive impact on earnings per share.
−Removed: which can be a corporation or individual, are considered to be related if the Company has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control
−Removed: the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions.
−Removed: Companies are also
−Removed: considered to be related if they are subject to common control or common significant influence.
−Removed: value of financial instruments:
−Removed: carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments:
−Removed: cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and
−Removed: amount due to a director approximate at their fair values because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments.
−Removed: Company also follows the guidance of the ASC Topic 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820-10”),
−Removed: with respect to financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value.
−Removed: ASC 820-10 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy
−Removed: that prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
−Removed: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
−Removed: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly;
−Removed: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
−Removed: accounting pronouncements
−Removed: issues various Accounting Standards Updates relating to the treatment and recording of certain accounting transactions.
−Removed: On June 10, 2014,
−Removed: the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No.
−Removed: 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic
−Removed: 915) Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements, including an Amendment to Variable Interest Entities Guidance in Topic
−Removed: 810, Consolidation , which eliminates the concept of a development stage entity (DSE) entirely from current accounting guidance.
−Removed: The Company has elected adoption of this standard, which eliminates the designation of DSEs and the requirement to disclose results of
−Removed: operations and cash flows since inception.
−Removed: Company has reviewed all recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and do not believe the future adoption of
−Removed: any such pronouncements may be expected to cause a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.
+Added: preparing these financial statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
+Added: in the balance sheets, and revenues and expenses during the periods reported.
+Added: Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Sheet Arrangements
−Removed: Company has no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our
−Removed: financial condition, changes in our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures
−Removed: or capital resources that are material to our stockholders as of December 31, 2021.
+Added: of December 31, 2022, we have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future
+Added: effect on our financial condition, changes in our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital
+Added: expenditures or capital resources that are material to our stockholders.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
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under this item.
−Removed: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
−Removed: financial statements required by this item are located in PART IV of this Annual Report.
−Removed: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Compared sentence by sentence after normalising whitespace, quotation marks, case and digits, so re-formatting and restated figures do not read as changed language. Wording changes appear as one removal and one addition. The current filing and the prior one are authoritative.