Phunware, Inc. 10-Q

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations References in this section to “we,” “us,” "our," or “the Company” refer to Phunware, Inc. References to “management” or “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto presented in “ Part I – Item 1. Financial Statements. ” As discussed in the section titled " Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results and timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, but not limited to, those discussed in the section titled “ Risk Factors ” and elsewhere in this Report. Certain figures, such as interest rates and other percentages, included in this section have been rounded for ease of presentation. Percentage figures included in this section have not in all cases been calculated on the basis of such rounded figures but on the basis of such amounts prior to rounding. For this reason, percentage amounts in this section may vary slightly from those obtained by performing the same calculations using the figures in our condensed consolidated financial statements or in the associated text. Certain other amounts that appear in this section may similarly not sum due to rounding. Overview Phunware, Inc. offers a fully integrated software platform that equips companies with the products, solutions and services necessary to engage, manage and monetize their mobile application portfolios globally at scale. Our platform provides the entire mobile lifecycle of applications, media and data in one login through one procurement relationship. Our offerings include: • Enterprise mobile software development kits (SDKs) including content management, location-based services, marketing automation, business intelligence and analytics, alerts, notifications and messaging, audience engagement and audience monetization; • Integration of our SDK licenses into existing applications maintained by our customers; • Cloud-based vertical solutions, which are off-the-shelf, iOS- and Android-based mobile application portfolios, solutions and services that address: the patient experience for healthcare, the shopper experience for retail, the fan experience for sports, the traveler experience for aviation, the luxury resident experience for real estate, the luxury guest experience for hospitality, the student experience for education and the generic user experience for all other verticals and applications; and • Application transactions for mobile audience building, user acquisition, application discovery, audience engagement and monetization, including our engagement-driven digital asset PhunToken. We intend to continue investing for long-term growth. We have invested and expect to continue investing in the expansion of our ability to market, sell and provide our current and future products and services to customers globally. We also expect to continue investing in the development and improvement of new and existing products and services to address customers' needs. We currently do not expect to be profitable in the near future. 16 Table of Contents Key Business Metrics Our management regularly monitors certain financial measures to track the progress of our business against internal goals and targets. We believe that the most important of these measures include backlog and deferred revenue. Backlog and Deferred Revenue. Backlog represents future amounts to be invoiced under our current agreements. At any point in the contract term, there can be amounts that we have not yet been contractually able to invoice. Until such time as these amounts are invoiced, they are not recorded in revenue, deferred revenue, accounts receivable or elsewhere in our condensed consolidated financial statements and are considered by us to be backlog. We expect backlog to fluctuate up or down from period to period for several reasons, including the timing and duration of customer contracts, varying billing cycles and the timing and duration of customer renewals. We reasonably expect approximately 46% of our backlog as of March 31, 2024 will be invoiced during the subsequent 12-month period, primarily due to the fact that our contracts are typically one to three years in length. In addition, our deferred revenue consists of amounts that have been invoiced but have not yet been recognized as revenues as of the end of a reporting period. Together, the sum of deferred revenue and backlog represents the total billed and unbilled contract value yet to be recognized in revenues, and provides visibility into future revenue streams. The following table sets forth our backlog and deferred revenue: March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 (in thousands) Backlog $ 2,803 $ 2,750 Deferred revenue 1,623 1,909 Total backlog and deferred revenue $ 4,426 $ 4,659 Non-GAAP Financial Measures Adjusted Gross Profit, Adjusted Gross Margin and Adjusted EBITDA We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). We also use certain non-GAAP financial measures that fall within the meaning of Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation G and Regulation S-K Item 10(e), which may provide users of the financial information with additional meaningful comparison to prior period results. Our non-GAAP financial measures include adjusted gross profit, adjusted gross margin and adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") (our "non-GAAP financial measures"). Management uses these measures (i) to compare operating performance on a consistent basis, (ii) to calculate incentive compensation for our employees, (iii) for planning purposes including the preparation of our internal annual operating budget and (iv) to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of operational strategies. Our non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. They are not measurements of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to revenue or net loss, as applicable, or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other businesses. Our non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our operating results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations include: • Non-cash compensation is and will remain a key element of our overall long-term incentive compensation package, although we exclude it as an expense when evaluating our ongoing operating performance for a particular period; • Our non-GAAP financial measures do not reflect the impact of certain cash charges resulting from matters we consider not to be indicative of ongoing operations; and • Other companies in our industry may calculate our non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures. 17 Table of Contents We compensate for these limitations to our non-GAAP financial measures by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using our non-GAAP financial measures only for supplemental purposes. Our non-GAAP financial measures include adjustments for items that may not occur in future periods. However, we believe these adjustments are appropriate because the amounts recognized can vary significantly from period to period, do not directly relate to the ongoing operations of our business and complicate comparisons of our internal operating results and operating results of other peer companies over time. For example, it is useful to exclude non-cash, stock-based compensation expenses because the amount of such expenses in any specific period may not directly correlate to the underlying performance of our business operations and these expenses can vary significantly across periods due to timing of new stock-based awards. We may also exclude certain discrete, unusual, one-time, or non-cash costs in order to facilitate a more useful period-over-period comparison of our financial performance. Each of the normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments described in this paragraph help management with a measure of our operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-day operations or are non-cash expenses. The following table sets forth the non-GAAP financial measures we monitor. Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Adjusted gross profit (1) $ 569 $ 326 Adjusted gross margin (1) 61.8 % 24.3 % Adjusted EBITDA (2) $ (2,028) $ (5,217) (1) Adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin are non-GAAP financial measures. We believe that adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin provide supplemental information with respect to gross profit and gross margin regarding ongoing performance. We define adjusted gross profit as net revenues less cost of revenue, adjusted to exclude one-time revenue adjustments, stock-based compensation and amortization of intangible assets. We define adjusted gross margin as adjusted gross profit as a percentage of net revenues. (2) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. We believe adjusted EBITDA provides helpful information with respect to operating performance as viewed by management, including a view of our business that is not dependent on (i) the impact of our capitalization structure and (ii) items that are not part of day-to-day operations. We define adjusted EBITDA as net loss plus (i) interest expense, (ii) income tax expense, (iii) depreciation, and further adjusted for (iv) non-cash impairment, (v) valuation adjustments and (vi) stock-based compensation expense. 18 Table of Contents Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures The following tables set forth a reconciliation of the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure to each of the non-GAAP financial measures discussed above. Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Gross profit $ 524 $ 73 Add back: Stock-based compensation 45 253 Adjusted gross profit $ 569 $ 326 Adjusted gross margin 61.8 % 24.3 % Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands) 2024 2023 Net loss from continuing operations $ (2,292) $ (3,712) Add back: Depreciation 5 13 Add back: Interest expense 108 537 EBITDA (2,179) (3,162) Add back: Stock-based compensation 630 1,362 Less: Gain on extinguishment of debt (535) — Add back: Impairment of digital currencies 56 50 Less: Fair value adjustment for warrant liabilities — (253) Less: Gain on sale of digital assets — (3,214) Adjusted EBITDA $ (2,028) $ (5,217) 19 Table of Contents Components of Results of Operations Revenue and Gross Profit There are a number of factors that impact the revenue and margin profile of the services and technology offerings we provide, including, but not limited to, solution and technology complexity, technical expertise requiring the combination of products and types of services provided, as well as other elements that may be specific to a particular client solution. Subscriptions and Services Subscription revenue is derived from software license fees, which are comprised of subscription fees from customers licensing our Software Development Kits (SDKs), that include access to our platform. Services revenue is derived from development services around designing and building new applications or enhancing existing applications. Support revenue is comprised of support and maintenance fees of customer applications, software updates and technical support for application development services for a support term. Subscriptions and services gross profit is equal to subscriptions and services revenue less the cost of personnel and related costs for our support and professional services employees, external consultants, stock-based compensation and allocated overhead. Costs associated with our development and project management teams are generally recognized as incurred. Costs directly attributable to the development or support of applications relating to platform subscription customers are included in cost of sales, whereas costs related to the ongoing development and maintenance of our software platform are expensed in research and development. As a result, platform subscriptions and services gross profit may fluctuate from period to period. Application Transaction Revenue We also generate revenue by charging advertisers to deliver advertisements (ads) to users of mobile connected devices. Depending on the specific terms of each advertising contract, we generally recognize revenue based on the activity of mobile users viewing these ads. Fees from advertisers are commonly based on the number of ads delivered or views or clicks by users on mobile advertisements delivered, and we recognize revenue at the time the user views or clicks on the ad. We sell our ads by cost per thousand impressions and cost per click. In 2021, we commenced PhunToken sales. PhunToken is designed to reward consumers for their activity, such as watching branded videos, completing surveys and visiting points of interest. We recognize revenue related to PhunToken at time of delivery to a customer's ethereum-based wallet. Application transaction gross profit is equal to application transaction revenue less cost of revenue associated with application transactions. Application transaction gross profit is impacted by the cost of advertising traffic we pay to our suppliers and amount of traffic which we can purchase from those suppliers and ethereum blockchain fees paid to deliver PhunToken. As a result, our application transaction gross profit may fluctuate from period to period due to variable costs of advertising traffic. 20 Table of Contents Gross Margin Gross margin measures gross profit as a percentage of revenue. Gross margin is generally impacted by the same factors that affect changes in the mix of platform and hardware revenue. Operating Expenses Our operating expenses include sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses. Personnel costs are the most significant component of operating expenses and consist of salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation and, in sales and marketing expense, commissions. Sales and Marketing Expense. Sales and marketing expense is comprised of compensation, commission expense, variable incentive pay and benefits related to sales personnel, along with travel expenses, other employee related costs, including stock-based compensation and expenses related to marketing programs and promotional activities. Our sales and marketing expense may increase in absolute dollars as we increase our sales and marketing organizations as we plan to increase revenue but may fluctuate as a percentage of our total revenue from period to period. General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense is comprised of compensation and benefits of administrative personnel, including variable incentive pay and stock-based compensation, bad debt expenses and other administrative costs such as facilities expenses, professional fees and travel expenses. We incur general and administrative expenses as a result of operating as a public company, including expenses related to compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and listing standards of Nasdaq, additional insurance expenses, investor relations activities and other administrative and professional services. We also expect to increase the size of our general and administrative function to support the growth of our business. As a result, our general and administrative expenses may increase in absolute dollars but may fluctuate as a percentage of our total revenue from period to period. Research and Development Expense. Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee compensation costs and overhead allocation. We believe that continued investment in our platform is important for our growth. As a result, our research and development expenses may increase in absolute dollars as our business grows but may fluctuate as a percentage of revenue from period to period. Interest Expense Interest expense includes interest related to our outstanding debt, including amortization of discounts and deferred issuance costs. Refer to Note 5 " Debt " in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on our debt offerings. We also may seek additional debt financings to fund the expansion of our business or to finance strategic acquisitions in the future, which may have an impact on our interest expense. 21 Table of Contents Results of Operations Net Revenues Three Months Ended March 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Amount % Net Revenues Subscriptions and services revenue $ 454 $ 1,156 $ (702) (60.7) % Application transaction $ 467 $ 188 279 148.4 % Net revenues $ 921 $ 1,344 $ (423) (31.5) % Subscriptions and services revenue as percentage of total revenue 49.3 % 86.0 % Application transaction as percentage of total revenue 50.7 % 14.0 % Net revenues decreased $0.4 million, or 31.5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023. Platform revenue decreased $0.7 million, or (60.7)%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023, primarily due to $0.3 million related to a customer contract termination, which occurred in 2023 and $0.2 million decrease in customer reimbursable expenses. Application transaction revenue increased $0.3 million, or 148.4%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023, due to the timing of advertising campaigns. Cost of Revenues, Gross Profit and Gross Margin Three Months Ended March 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Amount % Cost of Revenues Subscriptions and services revenue $ 214 $ 1,191 $ (977) (82.0) % Application transaction $ 183 $ 80 103 128.8 % Total cost of revenues $ 397 $ 1,271 $ (874) (68.8) % Gross Profit Subscriptions and services revenue $ 240 $ (35) $ 275 (785.7) % Application transaction $ 284 $ 108 $ 176 163.0 % Total gross profit $ 524 $ 73 $ 451 617.8 % Gross Margin Subscriptions and services revenue 52.9 % (3.0) % Application transaction 60.8 % 57.4 % Total gross margin 56.9 % % 5.4 % Total gross profit increased $0.5 million, or 617.8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period of 2023, as a result of a decrease of $0.2 million in stock-based compensation expense and higher application transaction revenue and gross profit. 22 Table of Contents Operating Expenses Three Months Ended March 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Amount % Operating expenses Sales and marketing $ 443 $ 856 $ (413) (48.2) % General and administrative 2,471 4,142 (1,671) (40.3) % Research and development 484 1,769 (1,285) (72.6) % Total operating expenses $ 3,398 $ 6,767 $ (3,369) (49.8) % Sales and Marketing Sales and marketing expense decreased $0.4 million, or (48.2)%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period of 2023, primarily due to a decrease in payroll and related expenses as a result of lower headcount. General and Administrative General and administrative expense decreased $1.7 million, or 40.3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period of 2023, due to a $0.9 million decrease in payroll and related expenses as a result of lower headcount, $0.4 million decrease in consulting expenses and $0.3 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense. Research and Development Research and development expense decreased $1.3 million, or (72.6)%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding period of 2023, primarily due to a decrease in payroll and related expenses as a result of lower headcount. 23 Table of Contents Other expense Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Other income (expense) Interest expense $ (108) $ (537) Loss on extinguishment of debt 535 — Impairment of digital assets (56) (50) Gain on sale of digital assets — 3,214 Fair value adjustment of warrant liability — 253 Other income 211 102 Total other income $ 582 $ 2,982 During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded other income of $0.6 million primarily as a result of a gain on the extinguishment of our 2022 Promissory Note. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded other income of $3.0 million primarily as a result of gains on sales of our digital asset holdings. 24 Table of Contents Liquidity and Capital Resources As of March 31, 2024, we held total cash of $21.6 million, all of which was held in the United States. We have a history of operating losses and negative operating cash flows. As we continue to focus on growing our revenues, we expect these trends to continue into the foreseeable future. On February 1, 2022, we filed a Form S-3, which was subsequently declared effective by the SEC on February 9, 2022, pursuant to which we may issue up to $200 million in common stock, preferred stock, warrants and units. Contained therein, was a prospectus supplement pursuant to which we may sell up to $100 million of our common stock in an “at the market offering” pursuant to an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the "ATM Agreement") we entered into with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC on January 31, 2022. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2024, the Company sold approximately 245,009 share pursuant to the ATM Agreement at an average price of approximately $10.35 per share, resulting in approximately $2.5 million of net proceeds to the Company after deducting commissions and other offering expenses. As of the date of this Report, shares of our common stock with a maximum aggregate offering price of up to $85.5 million may be sold pursuant to the sales agreement. On July 6, 2022, we entered into a note purchase agreement and completed the sale of an unsecured promissory note (referred to herein as the 2022 Promissory Note) with an original principal amount of $12.8 million in a private placement. After deducting all transaction fees paid by us at closing, net cash proceeds to us at closing were $11.8 million. No interest was to accrue on the 2022 Promissory Note. On August 14, 2023, we entered into an amendment to the 2022 Promissory Note with the noteholder. The amendment extended the maturity date to June 1, 2024 and provided that effective August 1, 2023, we were required to make monthly amortization payments of at least $800 thousand commencing on August 31, 2023 until the 2022 Promissory Note is paid-in-full. We also granted the noteholder certain limited conversion rights, which if elected by the noteholder, would reduce the required monthly payment. The limited conversion rights were subject to advance payment and volume conditions. The amendment also provided that the outstanding balance shall accrue interest at a rate of 8% and payment deferrals are no longer permitted under the 2022 Promissory Note. During the first quarter of 2024, we issued 336,550 shares of our common stock to the holder of the 2022 Promissory Note. These conversions were made pursuant to the terms of the amended 2022 Promissory Note. In addition, conversions were made in connection with the Company granting the holder additional conversion rights. As a result of the conversions, the 2022 Promissory Note has been paid-in-full. On August 22, 2023, we entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), which provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth therein, we have the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park up to $30.0 million in value of shares of our common stock from time to time over the 24-month term of the purchase agreement. Concurrently with entering into the purchase agreement, we also entered into a registration rights agreement with Lincoln Park pursuant to which the Company agreed to register the sale of the shares of the Company’s common stock that have been and may be issued to Lincoln Park under the purchase agreement pursuant to the Company’s existing shelf registration statement on Form S-3. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2024, we did not sell any shares to Lincoln Park. As of the date of this Report, $29.0 million in value of shares of our common stock remains issuable pursuant to the purchase agreement with Lincoln Park. On January 16, 2024, we entered into a definitive securities purchase agreement with certain institutional investors for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 800,000 shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 950,000 shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $7 million. The holders of the pre-funded warrants have exercised their rights to purchase all of the underlying common stock. On January 18, 2024, we entered into a definitive securities purchase agreement with certain institutional investors for the purchase and sale of an aggregate of 1,096,000 shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase up to 24,000 shares of our common stock for gross proceeds of approximately $5.6 million. The holders of the pre-funded warrants have exercised their rights to purchase all of the underlying common stock. On February 9, 2024, we consummated a registered public offering of an aggregate of 800,000 shares of our common stock. We entered into securities purchase agreements with certain institutional investors, and as a result of the registered public offering, we raised gross proceeds of approximately $10 million. Although we expect to generate operating losses and negative operating cash flows in the future, based on the financing events described above, management believes it has sufficient cash on hand for at least one year following the filing date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. 25 Table of Contents Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our pace of growth, subscription renewal activity, the timing and extent of spend to support development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities and the market acceptance of our products and services. We believe that it is likely we will in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, technologies and intellectual property rights. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financings, or issue securities under our effective registration statement described above. In the event that additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital when desired and/or on acceptable terms, our business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue to operate as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. 26 Table of Contents The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented: Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands, except percentages) 2024 2023 Consolidated statement of cash flows Net cash used in operating activities $ (5,530) $ (7,382) Net cash provided by investing activities $ — $ 10,784 Net cash provided by (used in) by financing activities $ 23,204 $ (4,687) Operating Activities The primary source of cash from operating activities is receipts from sales of our various product and service offerings to customers. The primary uses of cash from operating activities are payments to employees for compensation and related expenses, publishers and other vendors for the purchase of digital media inventory and related costs, sales and marketing expenses and general operating expenses. We utilized $5.5 million of cash from operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024, resulting in a net loss of $2.3 million. The net loss included non-cash charges of $0.4 million, primarily consisting of stock-based compensation. In addition, certain changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in a cash decrease of $3.5 million, primarily relating to a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses. We utilized $7.4 million of cash from operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023, resulting in a net loss of $4.3 million. The net loss included a gain on the sale of digital assets of $3.2 million and non-cash charges of $1.8 million, primarily consisting of stock-based compensation. In addition, certain changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in a cash decreases of $1.7 million, primarily relating to a decrease in deferred revenue. Investing Activities Investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023 consisted mainly of the sales of our digital asset holdings. Financing Activities Our financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 consisted of various sales of our common stock. Refer to the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for information. Our financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023 consisted of payments on our 2022 Promissory Note of $4.3 million and $0.5 million for repurchases of shares of our common stock. Contractual Obligations Information set forth in Note 6, " Leases," in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference. 27 Table of Contents Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements Through March 31, 2024, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K, such as the use of unconsolidated subsidiaries, structured finance, special purpose entities or variable interest entities. Indemnification Agreements In the ordinary course of business, we provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to customers, vendors, lessors, business partners and other parties with respect to certain matters, including, but not limited to, losses arising out of breach of such agreements, solutions to be provided by the Company or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with directors and certain current and former officers and employees that will require the Company, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of, or are related to, their status or service as directors, officers or employees. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Refer to Note 2, " Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ," in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item I, Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for analysis of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to our business. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported revenues generated and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Our estimates are based on our historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Except for the changes described in Note 2, " Summary of Significant Accounting Policies ," in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item I, Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Not applicable. 28 Table of Contents